Ion chromatography is a rapid, sensitive, precise, and accurate method for the determination of major anions in rain water and surface waters. Simultaneous analyses of a single sample for bromide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate, and sulfate require approximately 20 minutes to obtain a chromatogram.
Minimum detection limits range from 0.01 milligrams per liter for fluoride to 0.20 milligrams per liter for chloride and sulfate. Percent relative standard deviations were less than nine percent for all anions except nitrite in Standard Reference Water Samples. Only one reference sample contained nitrite and its concentration was near the minimum level of detection. Similar precision was found for chloride, nitrate, and sulfate at concentrations less than 5 milligrams per liter in rainfall samples. Precision for fluoride ranged from 12 to 22 percent, but is attributed to the low concentrations in these samples. The other anions were not detected.
To determine accuracy of results, several samples were spiked with known concentrations of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate; recoveries ranged from 96 to 103 percent. Known amounts of bromide and phosphate were added, separately, to several other waters, which contained bromide or phosphate. Recovery of added bromide and phosphate ranged from approximately 95 to 104 percent. No recovery data were obtained for nitrite.
Chloride, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate, and sulfate, in several samples, were also determined independently by automated colorimetric procedures. An automated ion-selective electrode method was used to determine fluoride. Results are in agreement with results obtained by ion chromatography.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri79101","usgsCitation":"Fishman, M., and Pyen, G., 1979, Determination of selected anions in water by ion chromatography: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-101, iv, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri79101.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":349796,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0101/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0101/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66749f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishman, Marvin J.","contributorId":87110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"Marvin J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyen, Grace","contributorId":77189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyen","given":"Grace","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26802,"text":"wri7970 - 1979 - Hydrologic data on channel adjustments, 1970 to 1975, on the Rio Grande downstream from Cochiti Dam, New Mexico before and after closure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T12:15:28","indexId":"wri7970","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-70","title":"Hydrologic data on channel adjustments, 1970 to 1975, on the Rio Grande downstream from Cochiti Dam, New Mexico before and after closure","docAbstract":"Cross-section channel profiles, sediment transport and hydrologic data have been observed (before and after closure of the dam) and computed for a series of investigations from 1970 to 1975 at 37 cross sections established along a 59 mile (95 kilometer) study reach from Cochiti Dam to Isleta Diversion Dam, N. Mex.
Cochiti Dam began impounding water in November 1973. Because the dam will trap virtually all of the sediment load originating upstream and water discharge will be controlled, it is expected that equilibrium values of channel width, depth, slope and sediment-transport capability in the existing main stem of the Rio Grande will change. Changes in cross sections with time and space and changes in size distribution of sediments are documented.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7970","usgsCitation":"Dewey, J.D., Roybal, F., and Funderburg, D., 1979, Hydrologic data on channel adjustments, 1970 to 1975, on the Rio Grande downstream from Cochiti Dam, New Mexico before and after closure: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-70, viii, 531 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7970.","productDescription":"viii, 531 p. ","numberOfPages":"544","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0070/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359558,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0070/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cochiti Dam, Rio Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 34.8971951696173\n ],\n [\n -106.00433349609375,\n 34.8971951696173\n ],\n [\n -106.00433349609375,\n 35.97578349847199\n ],\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 35.97578349847199\n ],\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 34.8971951696173\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607323","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dewey, Jack D.","contributorId":60272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roybal, F.E.","contributorId":62998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roybal","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Funderburg, D.E.","contributorId":79101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funderburg","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26921,"text":"wri79113 - 1979 - Ground-water quality in the upper Santa Ana River basin, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T15:29:43","indexId":"wri79113","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-113","title":"Ground-water quality in the upper Santa Ana River basin, southern California","docAbstract":"The principal ground-water quality problems in the Santa Ana River basin, as determined from two samplings (1968-69 and 1977-78), are high concentrations of dissolved solids in general and nitrate-nitrogen in particular. The distribution of dissolved solids exceeding 800 milligrams per liter was smaller in area in 1977-78 than in 1968-69. Distribution of nitrate-nitrogen exceeding 10 milligrams per liter was larger in area in 1977-78 than in 1968-69. Concentrations of dissolved solids and nitrate-nitrogen decreased with depth. The network of wells used in the 1977-78 sampling program provides only a general appraisal of overall quality for most of the upper Santa Ana River basin. It is not adequate for detailed appraisals of specific problem areas because it lacks sufficient areal coverage and construction information for the wells sampled. (Kosco-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri79113","usgsCitation":"Eccles, L.A., 1979, Ground-water quality in the upper Santa Ana River basin, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-113, iv, 51 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri79113.","productDescription":"iv, 51 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0113/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":372087,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0113/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Ana River basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.16666666666667,38 ], [ -123.16666666666667,42 ], [ -120,42 ], [ -120,38 ], [ -123.16666666666667,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6671d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eccles, Lawrence A.","contributorId":90274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eccles","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27022,"text":"wri79106 - 1979 - Geohydrology and digital-simulation model of the Farrington aquifer in the northern coastal plain of New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-20T01:01:36","indexId":"wri79106","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-106","title":"Geohydrology and digital-simulation model of the Farrington aquifer in the northern coastal plain of New Jersey","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional digital-computer flow model was developed to simulate the Farrington aquifer in the northern part of the Coastal Plain of New Jersey. The area of detailed study includes approximately 500 square miles in Middlesex and Monmouth Couties where the aquifer provides a large part of the municipal and industrial water supply. The area modeled is much larger, extending seaward as well as northeastward into Long Island. The aquifer consists chiefly of the Farrington Sand Member of the Raritan Formation and is composed of sand and some gravel. It thickens from a featheredge in outcrop to more than 170 feet, 11 miles to the southeast. The confining unit between the Farrington and the overlying Old Bridge Sand Member of the Magothy Formation consists primarily of the Woodbridge Clay Member of the Raritan Formation and has a maximum thickness of 244 feet. The model simulates both water-table and artesian conditions. The confining unit overlying the Farrington aquifer is simulated as having a variable thickness and vertical hydraulic conductivity. The effect of a declining water level in the overlying Old Bridge aquifer on the Farrington aquifer is also simulated by the model. Values used to describe the hydraulic properties of the Farrington aquifer are: a hydraulic conductivity of 105 feet per day, a storage coefficient of 1.6 x 10-4 for artesian conditions, and a specific yield of 0.25 for water-table conditions. Values for the overlying confining unit are: a vertical hydraulic conductivity ranging from 4.2 x 10-7 to 1.0 x 10-10 feet per second and a specific storage of 4 x 10-5 feet-1. Aquifer simulation for the 15-year period, 1959-73, was used to calibrage the model. The model was calibrated by comparing the observed potentiometric surface of November 1973 with the simulated potentiometric surface. In addition, hydrographs for selected wells were compared with model results. Ground-water withdrawals for 1959 and 1973 were 12.1 and 28.5 milion gallons per day, respectively. Potentiometric surfaces for 1985 and 2000 were computed based on a linear projection of ground-water withdrawals (39.5 and 56.9 million gallons per day in 1985 and 2000, respectively) of the period 1959 through 1973. These surfaces are deeper than that of November, 1973, and the cone of depression is wider. The potentiometric head projected by the model in the vicinity of Sayreville will be more than 150 feet below mean sea level by 2000; the head in this area was 70 feet below sea level in 1973. The model calculated ground-water budgets for steady-state and transient conditions for the entire modeled area and for several rectangular subareas. Ground-water flow into the modeled Farrington aquifer under steady-state conditions before ground-water development was 16 cubic feet per second for the entire area. Recharge in the outcrop area and vertical leakage from the Old Bridge was 8 cubic feet per second each. Approximately 75 percent of the discharge occurred as seepage into surface-water bodies in and near the outcrop and as lateral flow southwestward into Burlington County near the outcrop area. The remaining 25 percent occurred southeast of the outcrop as vertical leakage into the overlying Old Bridge aquifer and as lateral flow to the south into Ocean and Burlington Counties. A transient water budget for 1973 was calculated for a subarea consisting mainly of Middlesex County. The model indicates that 48 percent (14.3 cubic feet per second) of the total inflow to the subareas was through its boundaries. Other sources of water include direct recharge within the subarea (5.4 cubic feet per second), vertical leakage (mainly from the Old Bridge) within the subarea (2.6 cubic feet per second), and water released from storage (3.4 cubic feet per second). Discharge from the subarea consisted mainly of withdrawals (26.5 cubic feet per second). It also included vertical leakage to the Old Bridge and discharge to surface-water bodies simulated by constant-head nodes (3.2 cubic feet per second).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri79106","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Farlekas, G.M., 1979, Geohydrology and digital-simulation model of the Farrington aquifer in the northern coastal plain of New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-106, vi, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri79106.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_79_106.gif"},{"id":257664,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/preview/wri/1979/106/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","county":"Burlington;Middlesex;Monmouth;Ocean","otherGeospatial":"Farrington Aquifer;Long Island;Old Bridge Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75,39 ], [ -75,41.5 ], [ -72.25,41.5 ], [ -72.25,39 ], [ -75,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699e78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farlekas, George M.","contributorId":44963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farlekas","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27297,"text":"wri7946 - 1979 - Hydrology of major estuaries and sounds of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T20:57:00.661991","indexId":"wri7946","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-46","title":"Hydrology of major estuaries and sounds of North Carolina","docAbstract":"Hydrology-related problems associated with North Carolina's major estuaries and sounds include contamination of some estuaries with municipal and industrial wastes and drainage from adjacent intensively-farmed areas, and nuisance-level algal blooms. In addition, there is excessive shoaling in some navigation channels, saltwater intrusion into usually fresh estuarine reaches, too-high or too-low salinities in nursery areas for various estuarine species, and flood damage due to hurricanes.
The Cape Fear River is the only major North Carolina estuary having a direct connection to the sea. Short-term flow throughout most of its length is dominated by ocean tides. The estuarine reaches of the Neuse-Trent, Tar-Pamlico, Chowan, and Roanoke River systems are at least partly shielded from the effects of ocean tides by the Outer Banks and the broad expanses of Pamlico and Albemarle Sounds. With the probable exception of the Roanoke River, winds are usually the dominant short-term current-producing force in these estuaries and in most of Pamlico and Albemarle Sounds.
Freshwater entering the major estuaries is, where not contaminated, of acceptable quality for drinking with minimum treatment. However, iron concentrations in excess of 0.3 milligrams per liter sometimes occur and water draining from swampy areas along the Coastal Plain is often highly colored, but these problems may be remedied with proper treatment. Nuisance-level algal blooms have been a recurring problem on the lower estuarine reaches of the Neuse, Tar-Pamlico, and Chowan rivers where nutrients (compounds of phosphorous and nitrogen) are abundant. The most destructive blooms tend to occur in the summer months during periods of low freshwater discharge and relatively high water temperatures.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7946","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community Development","usgsCitation":"Giese, G.L., Wilder, H.B., and Parker, G.G., 1979, Hydrology of major estuaries and sounds of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-46, Report: xiii, 175 p.; 1 Plate: 20.68 x 19.67 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7946.","productDescription":"Report: xiii, 175 p.; 1 Plate: 20.68 x 19.67 inches","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601eed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giese, G. L.","contributorId":44898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giese","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilder, Hugh B.","contributorId":83899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilder","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, Garald G. Jr.","contributorId":20310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Garald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27266,"text":"wri7929 - 1979 - Red Cedar River basin, Wisconsin: Low-flow characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-20T22:52:50.432531","indexId":"wri7929","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-29","title":"Red Cedar River basin, Wisconsin: Low-flow characteristics","docAbstract":"Low-flow characteristics in the Red Cedar River basin, Wis., where surplus water may be diverted, and methods to determine low-flow characteristics at additional sites are presented. The low-flow characteristics were determined by various methods at 71 sites. For the three gaging stations in the basin, frequency analysis was used to determine the low-flow characteristics. At 17 partial-record sites correlation analyses were used to estimate the low-flow characteristics. Where only a single base-flow measurement was available (41 sites), equations were developed to estimate low-flow characteristics. The relationships were determined from multiple-regression analyses that related low-flow characteristics at gaging stations, low-flow partial-record stations, and sewage-treatment-plant sites to the drainage area and base-flow index values. The standard errors of estimate were determined to be 25 percent for the Q7,2 equation and 34 percent for the Q7,10 equation. For the main stem of the Red Cedar River where only one discharge measurement was available the low-flow characteristics were determined from a drainage area-discharge relationship. Low-flow characteristics were determined at an additional 30 sites in the Red Cedar River basin by various methods. The method used for these sites depended upon the type and amount of data available at each site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7929","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Gebert, W., 1979, Red Cedar River basin, Wisconsin: Low-flow characteristics: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-29, Report: iii, 12 p.; 1 Plate: 15.00 x 17.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7929.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 12 p.; 1 Plate: 15.00 x 17.25 inches","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393172,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35303.htm"},{"id":158619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0029/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56147,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0029/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56146,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0029/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Red Cedar River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.167,\n 45.045\n ],\n [\n -92.167,\n 45.822\n ],\n [\n -91.417,\n 45.822\n ],\n [\n -91.417,\n 45.045\n ],\n [\n -92.167,\n 45.045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gebert, W.A.","contributorId":71555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27137,"text":"wri78124 - 1979 - Chemical quality of ground water in the eastern Sacramento Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T10:07:09","indexId":"wri78124","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-124","title":"Chemical quality of ground water in the eastern Sacramento Valley, California","docAbstract":"The study area is about 1,300 square miles in the eastern Sacramento Valley, Calif., extending from the latitude of Roseville on the south to thelatitude of Chico on the north. Considering the increased agricultural development of the area, this report documents the chemical character of the ground water prior to water-level declines that could result from extensive pumping for irrigation or to changes caused by extensive use of imported surface water. Chemical analyses of samples from 222 wells show that most of the area is underlain by ground water of a quality suitable for most agricultural and domestic purposes. Ninety-five percent of the water sampled has dissolved-solids concentrations of less than 700 milligrams per liter. The general water type for the area is a calcium and magnesium bicarbonate water and there are negligible amounts of toxic trace elements. The potential for water-quality problems exists in the area south of Yuba City along the west bank of the Feather River. There, concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids are higher than in other parts of the area, and they could limit future agricultural activities if chloride- and sulfate-sensitive crops are grown. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri78124","usgsCitation":"Fogelman, R.P., 1979, Chemical quality of ground water in the eastern Sacramento Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-124, iv, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78124.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0124/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":366190,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0124/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 38.522384090200845\n ],\n [\n -121.79992675781249,\n 38.522384090200845\n ],\n [\n -121.79992675781249,\n 40.41767833585549\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 40.41767833585549\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 38.522384090200845\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e368f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fogelman, Ronald P.","contributorId":62597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogelman","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28218,"text":"wri78129 - 1979 - Flood characteristics of Alaskan streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-08T12:06:13","indexId":"wri78129","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-129","title":"Flood characteristics of Alaskan streams","docAbstract":"Peak discharge data for Alaskan streams are summarized and analyzed. Multiple-regression equations relating peak discharge magnitude and frequency to climatic and physical characteristics of 260 gaged basins were determined in order to estimate average recurrence interval of floods at ungaged sites. These equations are for 1.25-, 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, and 50-year average recurrence intervals. In this report, Alaska was divided into two regions, one having a maritime climate with fall and winter rains and floods, the other having spring and summer floods of a variety or combinations of causes. Average standard errors of the six multiple-regression equations for these two regions were 48 and 74 percent, respectively. Maximum recorded floods at more than 400 sites throughout Alaska are tabulated. Maps showing lines of equal intensity of the principal climatic variables found to be significant (mean annual precipitation and mean minimum January temperature), and location of the 260 sites used in the multiple-regression analyses are included. Little flood data have been collected in western and arctic Alaska, and the predictive equations are therefore less reliable for those areas. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri78129","usgsCitation":"Lamke, R., 1979, Flood characteristics of Alaskan streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-129, iv, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78129.","productDescription":"iv, 61 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0129/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":366384,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0129/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -169.45312499999997,\n 54.97761367069628\n ],\n [\n -140.2734375,\n 54.97761367069628\n ],\n [\n -140.2734375,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n -169.45312499999997,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n -169.45312499999997,\n 54.97761367069628\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699e2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamke, R. D.","contributorId":32539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamke","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26821,"text":"wri7963 - 1979 - Environmental features, general hydrology, and external sources of nutrients affecting Wilderness Lake, King County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T11:26:57","indexId":"wri7963","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-63","title":"Environmental features, general hydrology, and external sources of nutrients affecting Wilderness Lake, King County, Washington","docAbstract":"A water budget prepared for Wilderness Lake, a candidate for lake-quality restoration, indicates that of the 530 acre-feet of water that enters the lake each year, 170 acre-feet is from precipitation and 360 acre-feet is from groundwater inflow. An equal amount leaves the lake, and of this, 380 acre-feet is by surface runoff, 8 acre-feet is by groundwater seepage, and 140 acre-feet is by evaporation. Based on these amounts of inflow and outflow, the theoretical water-renewal time of the lake is calculated to be 2.6 years. The annual contributions of nitrogen and phosphorus to the lake from precipitation, natural ground water, and septic-tank leachate are about 920 kilograms nitrogen and 38 kilograms phosphorus. Nitrogen and phosphorus contributions from other sources were not assessed but could be significant. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7963","usgsCitation":"Dion, N.P., 1979, Environmental features, general hydrology, and external sources of nutrients affecting Wilderness Lake, King County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-63, v, 27 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7963.","productDescription":"v, 27 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366246,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0063/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0063/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"King County","otherGeospatial":"Wilderness Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.03922271728514,\n 47.36929191683155\n ],\n [\n -122.0313262939453,\n 47.36929191683155\n ],\n [\n -122.0313262939453,\n 47.38021933437073\n ],\n [\n -122.03922271728514,\n 47.38021933437073\n ],\n [\n -122.03922271728514,\n 47.36929191683155\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6023ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dion, N. P.","contributorId":33302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dion","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27362,"text":"wri7943 - 1979 - Water-table map of Waukesha County, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-04T09:22:57","indexId":"wri7943","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-43","title":"Water-table map of Waukesha County, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"A map (scale 1:100,000) was prepared of the water table in Waukesha County in southeastern Wisconsin using water levels from more than 1,700 wells. The work was done as part of a cooperative project between the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Wisconsin-Extension, Geological and Natural History Survey, and the Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission. The map shows the altitude of the water table in increments of 20 feet, with supplemental 10-foot contours. The altitude ranges from less than 670 feet at a point along the east border of the county to more than 1,000 feet above sea level at three points in the central part of the county. (Woodard-USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7943","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey","usgsCitation":"Gonthier, J.B., 1979, Water-table map of Waukesha County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-43, 1 Plate: 22.67 x 19.58 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7943.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 22.67 x 19.58 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0043/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":362795,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0043/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Waukesha County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-88.5401,43.1978],[-88.4183,43.1964],[-88.3027,43.1954],[-88.1827,43.1948],[-88.0639,43.194],[-88.0664,43.1076],[-88.0682,43.0202],[-88.0692,42.9725],[-88.0675,42.9334],[-88.0699,42.8447],[-88.1868,42.8451],[-88.3044,42.8444],[-88.5413,42.8445],[-88.5413,42.9341],[-88.5407,43.0232],[-88.5407,43.111],[-88.5401,43.1978]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Waukesha\",\"state\":\"WI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4cd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gonthier, J. B.","contributorId":63805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonthier","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27442,"text":"wri7899 - 1979 - Long-term water supply potential, Green Swamp area, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-12T12:19:08","indexId":"wri7899","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-99","title":"Long-term water supply potential, Green Swamp area, Florida","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri7899","usgsCitation":"Grubb, H.F., and Rutledge, A.T., 1979, Long-term water supply potential, Green Swamp area, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-99, vii, 76 p. :ill., maps ;; 27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7899.","productDescription":"vii, 76 p. :ill., maps ;; 27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":276470,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0099/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63efbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grubb, Hayes F.","contributorId":91079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grubb","given":"Hayes","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rutledge, A. T.","contributorId":38532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutledge","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27838,"text":"wri7996 - 1979 - Revision of the documentation for a model for calculating effects of liquid waste disposal in deep saline aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-29T07:14:43","indexId":"wri7996","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-96","title":"Revision of the documentation for a model for calculating effects of liquid waste disposal in deep saline aquifers","docAbstract":"The model developed under this contract is a modified version of the deep well disposal model developed by INTERCOMP Resource Development and Engineering, Inc., for the U.S. Geological Survey (A model for calculating effects of liquid waste disposal in deep saline aquifers). The model is a finite-difference numerical solution of the partial differential equations describing (1) single phase fluid flow in aquifer, (2) energy transport by convection and conduction, and (3) contaminant transport dissolved in the fluid by convection and dispersion. Both the energy and the contaminant transports include molecular diffusion and hydrodynamic dispersion.
The objective of the contract was to modify the original version of the model for more general applications. Some of the major features are as follows:
(1) Fluid density is permitted to be a function of fluid pressure, temperature and contaminant concentration, the viscosity can be described as a function of pressure and temperature.
(2) Aquifer heterogeneities in the hydrological properties can be described on a numerical grid block basis.
(3) Free water surface is permitted to exist in the aquifer for shallow ground water applications.
(4) Contaminant may absorb on rock surface or decay according to a first order reaction. The absorption is described by a linear adsorption isotherm function of rock type in the aquifer.
(5) The model is extremely flexible in providing a wide choice of boundary conditions. These include natural flow in the aquifer, aquifer influence functions around the perimeter of the grid in recognition that the gridded region does not have no-flow boundaries, heat losses into the overlying impermeable strata, and the wellbore heat and pressure drop calculations coupled to the aquifer flow equations.
(6) The model offers the option of selecting as iterative or direct solution technique, and selecting central or backward finite-difference approximations in both time and space.
(7) Virtually any aquifer can be modeled by proper grid block description in three dimensions. In addition, the model is fully transient. The major limitation of the model arises using second-order correct (central-difference) finite-difference approximation in space. To avoid numerical oscillations in the solution, the user must restrict grid block and time step sizes depending upon the magnitude of the dispersivity.
An investigation of water quality in the industrialized French Broad River basin of western North Carolina has identified water-quality variations, the extent of man's influence on water quality, and trends in changes in the chemical quality of the river. The study centered on data collected during 1958-77 at the U.S. Geological Survey's station at Marshall, N.C.
The French Broad is a clean river. Only occasionally have concentrations of some trace metals been observed to exceed drinking water standards. However, 58 percent of samples analyzed for fecal coliform bacteria during 1974-77 exceeded criteria levels for bathing waters.
Most water-quality variations are associated with variations in streamflow. Concentrations of constituents transported in solution generally decrease at higher flows, whereas concentrations of materials associated with suspended sediment increase with flow. No correlation between discharge and nutrient concentrations has been observed.
Man's activities in the basin have resulted in deterioration of water quality. In 1958, an estimated 64 percent of the inorganic dissolved-solids load in the river at Marshall was due to man-made pollution, and by 1966, it was 74 percent. As of 1977, water quality had returned to levels of 1958, apparently the result of new waste-water treatment facilities and improved industrial technology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Raleigh, NC","doi":"10.3133/wri7987","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community Development","usgsCitation":"Daniel, C.C., Wilder, H., and Weiner, M.S., 1979, Water quality of the French Broad River, North Carolina : An analysis of data collected at Marshall, 1958-77: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-87, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7987.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"62","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri7987.jpg"},{"id":329055,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0087/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Marshall","otherGeospatial":"French Broad River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.97698974609375,\n 35.07271701786369\n ],\n [\n -82.97698974609375,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -82.276611328125,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -82.276611328125,\n 35.07271701786369\n ],\n [\n -82.97698974609375,\n 35.07271701786369\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f98e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniel, C. C. III","contributorId":71953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"C.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilder, H.B.","contributorId":71246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilder","given":"H.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weiner, M. S.","contributorId":55806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiner","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28462,"text":"wri78141 - 1979 - Floods in Puerto Rico, magnitude and frequency","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:50","indexId":"wri78141","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-141","title":"Floods in Puerto Rico, magnitude and frequency","docAbstract":"Annual-peak discharge records at 50 sites in Puerto Rico with five or more years of record were used to determine individual site log-Pearson type III frequency curves. The frequency curve values for 2-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year recurrence intervals at 37 sites with 10 or more years of record were regressed against basin characteristics. Drainage area and mean annual rainfall proved to be the only independent variables significant at the 95 percent confidence level in these regression equations. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri78141","usgsCitation":"Lopez, M., Colon-Dieppa, E., and Cobb, E.D., 1979, Floods in Puerto Rico, magnitude and frequency: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-141, iv, 66 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78141.","productDescription":"iv, 66 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0141/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57265,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0141/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e481e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez, Miguel A.","contributorId":32202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"Miguel A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colon-Dieppa, Eloy","contributorId":16009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colon-Dieppa","given":"Eloy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cobb, Ernest D.","contributorId":25139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobb","given":"Ernest","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28463,"text":"wri78125 - 1979 - Hydrologic data from urban watersheds in the Tampa Bay area, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T09:46:54","indexId":"wri78125","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-125","title":"Hydrologic data from urban watersheds in the Tampa Bay area, Florida","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data are being collected in 10 urbanized watersheds located in the Tampa Bay area, Florida. The gaged watersheds have impervious areas that range from 19 percent for a residential watershed in north Tampa to nearly 100 percent for a downtown Tampa watershed. Land-use types, including roads, residential, commercial, industrial, institutional, recreational , and open space, have been determined for each watershed. Rainfall and storm runoff data collected since 1971 for one site and since 1975 for six other sites through September 1976, have been processed. These data are recorded at 5-minute intervals and are stored in the U. S. Geological Survey WATSTORE unit values file. Daily rainfall at 12 sites and daily pan evaporation at one site have been stored in the WATSTORE daily values file. Chemical and biological analyses of storm runoff for six sites, base flow for seven sites, and analyses of bottom material for seven sites are also stored in the WATSTORE water-quality files. Rainfall and storm runoff for selected storms, daily rainfall, and daily pan-evaporation data are summarized in this report. Water-quality analyses of all water-quality samples also are listed. (Woodard-USGS).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri78125","usgsCitation":"Lopez, M., and Michaelis, D., 1979, Hydrologic data from urban watersheds in the Tampa Bay area, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-125, v, 51 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78125.","productDescription":"v, 51 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366182,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0125/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0125/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.7435302734375,\n 27.566721430409707\n ],\n [\n -82.3699951171875,\n 27.566721430409707\n ],\n [\n -82.3699951171875,\n 28.04289477256162\n ],\n [\n -82.7435302734375,\n 28.04289477256162\n ],\n [\n -82.7435302734375,\n 27.566721430409707\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6076c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez, Miguel A.","contributorId":32202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"Miguel A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michaelis, D.M.","contributorId":44896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelis","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27795,"text":"wri7975 - 1979 - Saltwater-barrier line in Florida: Concepts, considerations, and site examples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T11:37:28","indexId":"wri7975","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-75","title":"Saltwater-barrier line in Florida: Concepts, considerations, and site examples","docAbstract":"Construction of canals and enlargement of streams in Florida has been mostly to alleviate impact of floods and to drain wetlands for development. Land drainage and heavy pumpage from coastal water-table aquifers has degraded potable ground and surface water with saltwater. Control of saltwater intrusion is possible through implementation of certain hydrologic principles. State of Florida statute 373.033 provides for a saltwater-barrier line in areas of saltwater intrusion along canals. A saltwater-barrier line is defined as the allowable landward limit that a canal shall be constructed or enlarged or a stream deepened or enlarged without a salinity-control structure seaward of the saltwater-barrier line. The salinity control structure controls saltwater intrusion along a surface-water channel and assists in controlling saltwater intrusion into shallow aquifers. This report briefly reviews the fundamentals of saltwater intrusion in surface-water channels and associated coastal aquifers, describes the effects of established saltwater-barrier lines in Florida, and gives a history of the use and benefits of salinity-control structures. (Woodard-USGS).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7975","usgsCitation":"Hughes, J.L., 1979, Saltwater-barrier line in Florida: Concepts, considerations, and site examples: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-75, v, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7975.","productDescription":"v, 29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366256,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0075/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0075/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.62695312499999,\n 24.287026865376436\n ],\n [\n -79.56298828125,\n 24.287026865376436\n ],\n [\n -79.56298828125,\n 30.996445897426373\n ],\n [\n -87.62695312499999,\n 30.996445897426373\n ],\n [\n -87.62695312499999,\n 24.287026865376436\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c868","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, Jerry L.","contributorId":19944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28342,"text":"wri79107 - 1979 - Saline-seep development in the Hailstone Basin, northern Stillwater County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T09:56:55","indexId":"wri79107","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-107","title":"Saline-seep development in the Hailstone Basin, northern Stillwater County, Montana","docAbstract":"As a result of an increase in saline seep occurrence in Montana, a study was begun in 1974 to determine the hydrogeology of saline seeps in the Hailstone basin. The aquifer is composed of colluvium of Holocene age. The impermeable Cretaceous Niobrara Formation underlies the saturated zone basinwide. The ground-water system is shallow, unconfined, and locally recharged. Ground-water levels and size of the saline seeps respond rapidly to precipitation in the basin. The appearance and growth of saline seeps are related to precipitation patterns; the agricultural practice of summer follow; topography; the presence of a shallow, unconfined, and locally recharged ground-water system; and a soluble salt source. Continuous cropping could reduce the amount of water percolating beneath local recharge areas, and thus minimize the water available for seep formation and growth. The lateral variation in chemical quality of water from wells suggests a shallow flow system. The field specific conductance of 29 ground-water samples collected in 1976 ranged from 2,160 to 14,000 micromhos per centimeter and averaged 6,660 micromhos per centimeter. Water from saline seeps in the study area contains principally sodium, magnesium, calcium, and sulfate. Nitrate is present in the ground water in concentrations of as much as 855 milligrams per liter. The high nitrate concentrations are interpreted to originate primarily from oxidation of organic material once native sod is broken by cultivation. (USGS).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri79107","usgsCitation":"Lewis, B.D., Custer, S.G., and Miller, M.R., 1979, Saline-seep development in the Hailstone Basin, northern Stillwater County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-107, iv, 28 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri79107.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0107/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":366186,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0107/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Stillwater County","otherGeospatial":"Hailstone Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.1927719116211,\n 46.01317758972909\n ],\n [\n -109.17766571044922,\n 46.01317758972909\n ],\n [\n -109.17766571044922,\n 46.02378693912548\n ],\n [\n -109.1927719116211,\n 46.02378693912548\n ],\n [\n -109.1927719116211,\n 46.01317758972909\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a1b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Barney D.","contributorId":93873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, Stephen G.","contributorId":104944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Marvin R.","contributorId":57108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28327,"text":"wri7957 - 1979 - Map showing ground-water conditions in the Virgin River, Grand Wash, and Shivwits areas, Mohave County, Arizona, 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-26T15:50:41","indexId":"wri7957","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-57","title":"Map showing ground-water conditions in the Virgin River, Grand Wash, and Shivwits areas, Mohave County, Arizona, 1976","docAbstract":"The Virgin River, Grand Wash, and Shivwits areas include about 3 ,250 square miles in northwestern Arizona. Ground water is obtained mainly from the alluvium, conglomerate, and basalt; however, several other formations yield small amounts of water to some wells. In the Virgin River area, most wells are less than 200 feet deep, water levels range from 17 to 310 feet below the land surface, and well yields range from a few gallons per minute to as much as 2,000 gallons per minute. Springs in the Littlefield area contribute about 70 cubic feet per second of water to the Virgin River. In the Grand Wash area wells are from 35 to 850 feet deep, and water levels range from 5 to 759 feet below the land surface. In the Shivwits area wells are from 10.5 to 300 feet deep, and water levels range from 10 to 256 feet below the land surface. The chemical quality of the water varies with location and aquifer in the report area. Information shown on the map (scale 1:125,000) includes the principal aquifer that furnishes water to wells and springs, depth to water, altitude of the water level, and specific conductance and fluoride concentrations. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7957","usgsCitation":"Levings, G.W., and Farrar, C.D., 1979, Map showing ground-water conditions in the Virgin River, Grand Wash, and Shivwits areas, Mohave County, Arizona, 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-57, 1 Plate: 34.64 x 45.48 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7957.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 34.64 x 45.48 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366006,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0057/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0057/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Mohave County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.01611328125,\n 35.55010533588552\n ],\n [\n -112.2802734375,\n 35.55010533588552\n ],\n [\n -112.2802734375,\n 36.96744946416934\n ],\n [\n -114.01611328125,\n 36.96744946416934\n ],\n [\n -114.01611328125,\n 35.55010533588552\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4cc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levings, G. W.","contributorId":12485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levings","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27047,"text":"wri7951 - 1979 - Water resources of shallow aquifers in the Upper Poplar River basin, northeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-26T16:00:04","indexId":"wri7951","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-51","title":"Water resources of shallow aquifers in the Upper Poplar River basin, northeastern Montana","docAbstract":"The aquifer system studied in the upper Popular River basin in Montana ranges in age from Late Cretaceous to Holocene. Most wells obtain water from the Paleocene Fort Union Formation or younger rocks. The potentiometric surface of the Fort Union and overlying rocks indicates movement of water from the high interstream areas toward principal stream valleys. Recharge is principally through sand and gravel deposits of the Flaxville Formation, which occur as large terrace remnants, and the Wiota Gravel. Water in these formations locally recharges the underlying Fort Union Formation. Water in the gravel also emerges around the edge of the terraces as seeps and springs. Water samples from wells tapping the aquifers are of the sodium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate, or calcium bicarbonate type. The range in dissolved-solids concentration for the various aquifers is: Fox Hills-Hell Creek aquifer, 940 to 1,300 mg/L; Fort Union Formation, 520 to 1,470 mg/L; glacial outwash deposits, 570 to 770 mg/L, and alluvium, 880 to 1,490 mg/L. The dissolved-solids concentration of one water sample from the Flaxville Formation was 400 mg/L. Seepage measurements of the Poplar River and East Fork Poplar River from the international boundary to the south edge of the study area in October 1977 showed a net gain of 2.84 cubic feet per second from a total flow of 11.7 cubic feet per second. This gain is discharge of water from the alluvium to the rivers. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7951","usgsCitation":"Feltis, R., 1979, Water resources of shallow aquifers in the Upper Poplar River basin, northeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-51, Report: iv, 23 p.; 2 Plates: 38.24 x 28.18 inches and 38.06 x 28.10 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7951.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 23 p.; 2 Plates: 38.24 x 28.18 inches and 38.06 x 28.10 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0051/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":366016,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0051/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366017,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0051/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":366018,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0051/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Upper Poplar River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.34652709960938,\n 48.120267527274464\n ],\n [\n -105.0732421875,\n 48.120267527274464\n ],\n [\n -105.0732421875,\n 48.50386733939323\n ],\n [\n -105.34652709960938,\n 48.50386733939323\n ],\n [\n -105.34652709960938,\n 48.120267527274464\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f06dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feltis, R.D.","contributorId":93467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feltis","given":"R.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27402,"text":"wri7923 - 1979 - Chemical analyses of surface water in Illinois, 1975-77--Volume I, Des Plaines River basin and Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T13:15:33.382432","indexId":"wri7923","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-23","displayTitle":"Chemical Analyses of Surface Water in Illinois, 1975–77—Volume I, Des Plaines River Basin and Lake Michigan","title":"Chemical analyses of surface water in Illinois, 1975-77--Volume I, Des Plaines River basin and Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Samples of surface water were collected and analyzed by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. The results from water years 1975 to 1977 are presented in three volumes. The history of sampling and analytical methods used during that period are summarized. Stream discharge data from records of the U.S. Geological Survey are included for all sites where samples were collected at gaging stations or near enough that reliable discharge estimates could be made. Volume I includes the Des Plaines River basin and Lake Michigan.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7923","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Grason, D., and Healy, R.W., 1979, Chemical analyses of surface water in Illinois, 1975-77--Volume I, Des Plaines River basin and Lake Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-23, v. I, iv, 222 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7923.","productDescription":"iv, 222 p.","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361724,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7925","text":"WRI 79–25","description":"WRI 79–25","linkHelpText":"Chemical Analyses of Surface Water in Illinois, 1975–77—Volume III, Ohio River Tributaries and Mississippi River Tributaries South of the Illinois River Basin"},{"id":361723,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7924","text":"WRI 79–24","description":"WRI 79–24","linkHelpText":"Chemical Analyses of Surface Water in Illinois, 1975–77—Volume II, Illinois River Basin and Mississippi River Tributaries North of Illinois River 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\"}}]}","volume":"I","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
The study summarized in this report was made to provide Suquamish Tribal leaders with information on the reservation's surface- and ground-water resources. The Tribal leaders need this information to help them manage and protect their water resources against overdevelopment. The quantity of ground water that is estimated to be available for withdrawal on a long-term basis is about 600 million gallons per year in the western part of the reservation and 400 million gallons per year in the eastern part of the reservation. It should be possible, economically and practically, to capture at least 40 percent of this ground water with properly constructed and located wells before it is discharged into the sea. This is enough water to supply at least 5,000 and 3,500 people with domestic water in these respective areas—about four times the present population.
Of nine stream sites that were studied on and near the reservation, the lowest average streamflows for a 7-day period estimated to occur an average of once in 2 years were 1.3 cubic feet per second or less. Streams at three of the sites have been observed dry at least once. The short period of data collection during this study limits the accuracy of statistical estimates of low flows.
Both surface and ground water were found to be of good quality with no unusual or harmful constituents; there was no evidence of major pollution in 1977. In the future, seawater intrusion into the ground-water system and pollution of the surface water by improperly treated sewage waste water could become problems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri78112","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Suquamish Tribal Council","usgsCitation":"Lum, W.E., 1979, Water resources of the Port Madison Indian Reservation, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-112, Report: vi, 73 p.; 1 Plate: 22.45 x 21.71 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78112.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 73 p.; 1 Plate: 22.45 x 21.71 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":363782,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":363783,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0112/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0112/report-thumb.jpg"}],"datum":"National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929","country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Port Madison Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.70694444\n ],\n [\n -122.45833333,\n 47.70694444\n ],\n [\n -122.45833333,\n 47.79166667\n ],\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.79166667\n ],\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.70694444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602b58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lum, W. E. II","contributorId":81504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"W.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27586,"text":"wri804 - 1979 - Experimental salinity alleviation at Malaga Bend of the Pecos River, Eddy County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-02T10:32:24","indexId":"wri804","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-4","title":"Experimental salinity alleviation at Malaga Bend of the Pecos River, Eddy County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Upward-leaking brine, from a confined aquifer at the base of the Rustler Formation, mixes with fresher water in a shallow aquifer, resulting in discharge to the Pecos River in southern Eddy County, New Mexico, of about 0.5 cubic feet per second of saturated brine. Pumping brine from the aquifer at a rate greater than 0.5 cubic feet per second lowered the potentiometric head in the confined aquifer.
From July 22, 1963 through December 1968, approximately 3,Et73 acre-feet of brine had been pumped. Total brine storage in July 1963 was 540 acre-feet, including about 200 acre-feet of salt precipitate. From 1963 to 1968, water downgradient of the storage depression increased in chloride concentration by amounts ranging from 1,500 to 99,400 milligrams per liter, and water levels near the depression increased over 3 feet.
For water years 1952-63, the Pecos River gained about 240 tons per day of chloride in the reach from Malaga gaging station to Pierce Canyon Crossing. In the same reach, the average chloride gain to the Pecos River from July 1963 to August 1966 was 167 tons per day; in 1967-68 the gain increased to 256 tons per day following a major flood in August 1966.
Seepage investigations made prior to pumping of the brine aquifer show that the main area contributing brine to the river was located between the Malaga gage and well USGS 11. In 1968 most of the brine inflow apparently entered the river downstream of the Malaga-USGS 11 reach. The head in the brine aquifer was lowered and discharge to the river was decreased above the Malaga gage. Leakage from the depression contributed salts to the river below the Malaga gage during brine pumpage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri804","usgsCitation":"Havens, J., and Wilkins, D.W., 1979, Experimental salinity alleviation at Malaga Bend of the Pecos River, Eddy County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-4, viii, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri804.","productDescription":"viii, 65 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0004/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359113,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0004/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Eddy County","otherGeospatial":"Pecos River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.45,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -103.75,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -103.75,\n 32.5\n ],\n [\n -104.45,\n 32.5\n ],\n [\n -104.45,\n 32\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4cbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Havens, John S.","contributorId":13949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havens","given":"John S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilkins, D. W.","contributorId":97471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27910,"text":"wri7959 - 1979 - Hydrogeologic data for the Eagle River-Chugiak area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-28T19:38:37.765444","indexId":"wri7959","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-59","title":"Hydrogeologic data for the Eagle River-Chugiak area, Alaska","docAbstract":"Water for the Eagle River-Chugiak area is provided by private, subdivision and trailer court wells. Data from these wells were stud-ied to determine aquifer materials, yield, well depth and depth to water.
The aquifer material is unconsolidated glacial or alluvial gravel and sand and bedrock from the McHugh Complex, the unnamed metamorphic complex and the Kenai Formation. The median well yield for bedrock wells is 2 gallons per minute and the median well yield for wells completed in unconsolidated aquifers is 10 gallons per minute. Well depths may vary widely where wells are drilled into bedrock or glacial till but are more uniform where wells are drilled into alluvial gravels and sand. A continuous water table is not defined in the Eagle River-Chugiak area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7959","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Municipality of Anchorage","usgsCitation":"Johnson, P.R., 1979, Hydrogeologic data for the Eagle River-Chugiak area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-59, Report: iv, 17 p.; 2 Plates: 23.82 x 32.90 inches and 23.87 x 32.92 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7959.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.; 2 Plates: 23.82 x 32.90 inches and 23.87 x 32.92 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379895,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0059/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":379894,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0059/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0059/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":379893,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0059/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Eagle River-Chugiak area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.625,\n 61.25\n ],\n [\n -149.425,\n 61.25\n ],\n [\n -149.425,\n 61.41666667\n ],\n [\n -149.625,\n 61.41666667\n ],\n [\n -149.625,\n 61.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628a24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Paula R.","contributorId":84427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Paula","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}