{"pageNumber":"224","pageRowStart":"5575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16506,"records":[{"id":70032974,"text":"70032974 - 2009 - Impacts of weathered tire debris on the development of Rana sylvatica larvae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-08T07:40:00","indexId":"70032974","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of weathered tire debris on the development of Rana sylvatica larvae","docAbstract":"

Highway runoff has the potential to negatively impact receiving systems including stormwater retention ponds where highway particulate matter can accumulate following runoff events. Tire wear particles, which contain about 1% Zn by mass, make up approximately one-third of the vehicle derived particulates in highway runoff and therefore may serve as a stressor to organisms utilizing retention ponds as habitat. In this study, we focused on the potential contribution of tire debris to Zn accumulation by Rana sylvaticalarvae and possible lethal or sublethal impacts resulting from exposure to weathered tire debris during development. Eggs and larvae were exposed to aged sediments (containing either ZnCl2 or tire particulate matter, both providing nominal concentrations of 1000 mg Zn kg−1) through metamorphosis. Water column Zn was elevated in both the ZnCl2 and tire treatments relative to the control treatment, indicating that aging allowed Zn leaching from tire debris to occur. Tissue Zn was also elevated for the ZnCl2and tire treatments indicating that Zn in the treatments was available for uptake by the amphibians. Exposure to both ZnCl2 and tire treatments increased the time for larvae to complete metamorphosis in comparison with controls. We also observed that the longer the organisms took to complete metamorphosis, the smaller their mass at metamorphosis. Our results indicate that Zn leached from aged tire debris is bioavailable to developing R. sylvaticalarvae and that exposure to tire debris amended sediments can result in measurable physiological outcomes to wood frogs that may influence population dynamics.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.09.056","issn":"00456","usgsCitation":"Camponelli, K., Casey, R., Snodgrass, J., Lev, S., and Landa, E.R., 2009, Impacts of weathered tire debris on the development of Rana sylvatica larvae: Chemosphere, v. 74, no. 5, p. 717-722, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.09.056.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"717","endPage":"722","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241148,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213518,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.09.056"}],"volume":"74","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3902e4b0c8380cd61785","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Camponelli, K.M.","contributorId":81699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camponelli","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casey, R.E.","contributorId":68543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snodgrass, J.W.","contributorId":39102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snodgrass","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lev, S.M.","contributorId":10230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lev","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landa, E. R.","contributorId":100002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032946,"text":"70032946 - 2009 - Structural characterization of terrestrial microbial Mn oxides from Pinal Creek, AZ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T08:24:55","indexId":"70032946","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural characterization of terrestrial microbial Mn oxides from Pinal Creek, AZ","docAbstract":"

The microbial catalysis of Mn(II) oxidation is believed to be a dominant source of abundant sorption- and redox-active Mn oxides in marine, freshwater, and subsurface aquatic environments. In spite of their importance, environmental oxides of known biogenic origin have generally not been characterized in detail from a structural perspective. Hyporheic zone Mn oxide grain coatings at Pinal Creek, Arizona, a metals-contaminated stream, have been identified as being dominantly microbial in origin and are well studied from bulk chemistry and contaminant hydrology perspectives. This site thus presents an excellent opportunity to study the structures of terrestrial microbial Mn oxides in detail. XRD and EXAFS measurements performed in this study indicate that the hydrated Pinal Creek Mn oxide grain coatings are layer-type Mn oxides with dominantly hexagonal or pseudo-hexagonal layer symmetry. XRD and TEM measurements suggest the oxides to be nanoparticulate plates with average dimensions on the order of 11 nm thick × 35 nm diameter, but with individual particles exhibiting thickness as small as a single layer and sheets as wide as 500 nm. The hydrated oxides exhibit a 10-Å basal-plane spacing and turbostratic disorder. EXAFS analyses suggest the oxides contain layer Mn(IV) site vacancy defects, and layer Mn(III) is inferred to be present, as deduced from Jahn–Teller distortion of the local structure. The physical geometry and structural details of the coatings suggest formation within microbial biofilms. The biogenic Mn oxides are stable with respect to transformation into thermodynamically more stable phases over a time scale of at least 5 months. The nanoparticulate layered structural motif, also observed in pure culture laboratory studies, appears to be characteristic of biogenic Mn oxides and may explain the common occurrence of this mineral habit in soils and sediments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2008.10.036","issn":"00167","usgsCitation":"Bargar, J., Fuller, C.C., Marcus, M., Brearley, A., Perez De la Rosa, M., Webb, S., and Caldwell, W., 2009, Structural characterization of terrestrial microbial Mn oxides from Pinal Creek, AZ: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 4, p. 889-910, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.10.036.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"889","endPage":"910","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476123,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc927715/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213577,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.10.036"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9bd0e4b08c986b31d0e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bargar, J.R.","contributorId":82466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bargar","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marcus, M.A.","contributorId":84966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcus","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brearley, A.J.","contributorId":73773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brearley","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perez De la Rosa, M.","contributorId":25768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez De la Rosa","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Webb, S.M.","contributorId":12959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Caldwell, W.A.","contributorId":56450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70032908,"text":"70032908 - 2009 - An empirical method for estimating instream pre-mining pH and dissolved Cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T10:44:43","indexId":"70032908","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical method for estimating instream pre-mining pH and dissolved Cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete","docAbstract":"Methods for assessing natural background water quality of streams affected by historical mining are vigorously debated. An empirical method is proposed in which stream-specific estimation equations are generated from relationships between either pH or dissolved Cu concentration in stream water and the Fe/Cu concentration ratio in Fe-precipitates presently forming in the stream. The equations and Fe/Cu ratios for pre-mining deposits of alluvial ferricrete then were used to reconstruct estimated pre-mining longitudinal profiles for pH and dissolved Cu in three acidic streams in Montana, USA. Primary assumptions underlying the proposed method are that alluvial ferricretes and modern Fe-precipitates share a common origin, that the Cu content of Fe-precipitates remains constant during and after conversion to ferricrete, and that geochemical factors other than pH and dissolved Cu concentration play a lesser role in determining Fe/Cu ratios in Fe-precipitates. The method was evaluated by applying it in a fourth, naturally acidic stream unaffected by mining, where estimated pre-mining pH and Cu concentrations were similar to present-day values, and by demonstrating that inflows, particularly from unmined areas, had consistent effects on both the pre-mining and measured profiles of pH and Cu concentration. Using this method, it was estimated that mining has affected about 480 m of Daisy Creek, 1.8 km of Fisher Creek, and at least 1 km of Swift Gulch. Mean values of pH decreased by about 0.6 pH units to about 3.2 in Daisy Creek and by 1-1.5 pH units to about 3.5 in Fisher Creek. In Swift Gulch, mining appears to have decreased pH from about 5.5 to as low as 3.6. Dissolved Cu concentrations increased due to mining almost 40% in Daisy Creek to a mean of 11.7 mg/L and as much as 230% in Fisher Creek to 0.690 mg/L. Uncertainty in the fate of Cu during the conversion of Fe-precipitates to ferricrete translates to potential errors in pre-mining estimates of as much as 0.25 units for pH and 22% for dissolved Cu concentration. The method warrants further testing in other mined and unmined watersheds. Comparison of pre-mining water-quality estimates derived from the ferricrete and other methods in single watersheds would be particularly valuable. The method has potential for use in monitoring remedial efforts at mine sites with ferricrete deposits. A reasonable remediation objective might be realized when the downstream pattern of Fe/Cu ratios in modern streambed Fe-precipitates corresponds to the pattern in pre-mining alluvial ferricrete deposits along a stream valley.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.007","issn":"08832","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D., Gurrieri, J., and Furniss, G., 2009, An empirical method for estimating instream pre-mining pH and dissolved Cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 1, p. 106-119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.007.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"106","endPage":"119","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213512,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.007"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea36e4b0c8380cd486e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, D. A.","contributorId":70399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gurrieri, J.T.","contributorId":21356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurrieri","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Furniss, G.","contributorId":88567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furniss","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032875,"text":"70032875 - 2009 - Essentials of iron, chromium, and calcium isotope analysis of natural materials by thermal ionization mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032875","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Essentials of iron, chromium, and calcium isotope analysis of natural materials by thermal ionization mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"The use of isotopes to understand the behavior of metals in geological, hydrological, and biological systems has rapidly expanded in recent years. One of the mass spectrometric techniques used to analyze metal isotopes is thermal ionization mass spectrometry, or TIMS. While TIMS has been a useful analytical technique for the measurement of isotopic composition for decades and TIMS instruments are widely distributed, there are significant difficulties associated with using TIMS to analyze isotopes of the lighter alkaline earth elements and transition metals. Overcoming these difficulties to produce relatively long-lived and stable ion beams from microgram-sized samples is a non-trivial task. We focus here on TIMS analysis of three geologically and environmentally important elements (Fe, Cr, and Ca) and present an in-depth look at several key aspects that we feel have the greatest potential to trouble new users. Our discussion includes accessible descriptions of different analytical approaches and issues, including filament loading procedures, collector cup configurations, peak shapes and interferences, and the use of isotopic double spikes and related error estimation. Building on previous work, we present quantitative simulations, applied specifically in this study to Fe and Ca, that explore the effects of (1) time-variable evaporation of isotopically homogeneous spots from a filament and (2) interferences on the isotope ratios derived from a double spike subtraction routine. We discuss how and to what extent interferences at spike masses, as well as at other measured masses, affect the double spike-subtracted isotope ratio of interest (44Ca/40Ca in the case presented, though a similar analysis can be used to evaluate 56Fe/54Fe and 53Cr/52Cr). The conclusions of these simulations are neither intuitive nor immediately obvious, making this examination useful for those who are developing new methodologies. While all simulations are carried out in the context of a specific isotope system, it should be noted that the same methods can be used to evaluate any isotope system of interest. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.018","issn":"00092","usgsCitation":"Fantle, M., and Bullen, T., 2009, Essentials of iron, chromium, and calcium isotope analysis of natural materials by thermal ionization mass spectrometry: Chemical Geology, v. 258, no. 1-2, p. 50-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.018.","startPage":"50","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213961,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.018"},{"id":241638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"258","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a60e4b0c8380cd52320","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fantle, M.S.","contributorId":84170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fantle","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bullen, T.D.","contributorId":79911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032874,"text":"70032874 - 2009 - Hydraulic anisotropy characterization of pneumatic-fractured sediments using azimuthal self potential gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032874","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydraulic anisotropy characterization of pneumatic-fractured sediments using azimuthal self potential gradient","docAbstract":"The pneumatic fracturing technique is used to enhance the permeability and porosity of tight unconsolidated soils (e.g. clays), thereby improving the effectiveness of remediation treatments. Azimuthal self potential gradient (ASPG) surveys were performed on a compacted, unconsolidated clay block in order to evaluate their potential to delineate contaminant migration pathways in a mechanically-induced fracture network. Azimuthal resistivity (ARS) measurements were also made for comparative purposes. Following similar procedures to those used in the field, compressed kaolinite sediments were pneumatically fractured and the resulting fracture geometry characterized from strike analysis of visible fractures combined with strike data from optical borehole televiewer (BHTV) imaging. We subsequently injected a simulated treatment (electrolyte/dye) into the fractures. Both ASPG and ARS data exhibit anisotropic geoelectric signatures resulting from the fracturing. Self potentials observed during injection of electrolyte are consistent with electrokinetic theory and previous laboratory results on a fracture block model. Visual (polar plot) analysis and linear regression of cross plots show ASPG lobes are correlated with azimuths of high fracture strike density, evidence that the ASPG anisotropy is a proxy measure of hydraulic anisotropy created by the pneumatic fracturing. However, ARS data are uncorrelated with fracture strike maxima and resistivity anisotropy is probably dominated by enhanced surface conduction along azimuths of weak 'starter paths' formed from pulverization of the clay and increases in interfacial surface area. We find the magnitude of electrokinetic SP scales with the applied N2 gas pressure gradient (??PN2) for any particular hydraulically-active fracture set and that the positive lobe of the ASPG anomaly indicates the flow direction within the fracture network. These findings demonstrate the use of ASPG in characterizing the effectiveness of (1) pneumatic fracturing and (2) defining likely flow directions of remedial treatments in unconsolidated sediments and rock. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.09.023","issn":"01697","usgsCitation":"Wishart, D., Slater, L., Schnell, D., and Herman, G., 2009, Hydraulic anisotropy characterization of pneumatic-fractured sediments using azimuthal self potential gradient: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 103, no. 3-4, p. 134-144, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.09.023.","startPage":"134","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213935,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.09.023"}],"volume":"103","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32dbe4b0c8380cd5eb21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wishart, D.N.","contributorId":32359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wishart","given":"D.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slater, L.D.","contributorId":63229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slater","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schnell, D.L.","contributorId":48770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnell","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herman, G.C.","contributorId":102215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032841,"text":"70032841 - 2009 - Assessing the sources and magnitude of diurnal nitrate variability in the San Joaquin River (California) with an in situ optical nitrate sensor and dual nitrate isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T09:50:29","indexId":"70032841","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the sources and magnitude of diurnal nitrate variability in the San Joaquin River (California) with an in situ optical nitrate sensor and dual nitrate isotopes","docAbstract":"

1. We investigated diurnal nitrate (NO3−) concentration variability in the San Joaquin River using an in situ optical NO3− sensor and discrete sampling during a 5‐day summer period characterized by high algal productivity. Dual NO3− isotopes (δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3) and dissolved oxygen isotopes (δ18ODO) were measured over 2 days to assess NO3− sources and biogeochemical controls over diurnal time‐scales.

2. Concerted temporal patterns of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations and δ18ODOwere consistent with photosynthesis, respiration and atmospheric O2 exchange, providing evidence of diurnal biological processes independent of river discharge.

3. Surface water NO3− concentrations varied by up to 22% over a single diurnal cycle and up to 31% over the 5‐day study, but did not reveal concerted diurnal patterns at a frequency comparable to DO concentrations. The decoupling of δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3isotopes suggests that algal assimilation and denitrification are not major processes controlling diurnal NO3− variability in the San Joaquin River during the study. The lack of a clear explanation for NO3− variability likely reflects a combination of riverine biological processes and time‐varying physical transport of NO3− from upstream agricultural drains to the mainstem San Joaquin River.

4. The application of an in situ optical NO3− sensor along with discrete samples provides a view into the fine temporal structure of hydrochemical data and may allow for greater accuracy in pollution assessment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02111.x","issn":"00465","usgsCitation":"Pellerin, B.A., Downing, B.D., Kendall, C., Dahlgren, R., Kraus, T.E., Saraceno, J., Spencer, R., and Bergamaschi, B., 2009, Assessing the sources and magnitude of diurnal nitrate variability in the San Joaquin River (California) with an in situ optical nitrate sensor and dual nitrate isotopes: Freshwater Biology, v. 54, no. 2, p. 376-387, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02111.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"387","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213959,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02111.x"}],"volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edf0e4b0c8380cd49b0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pellerin, Brian A. bpeller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"Brian","email":"bpeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dahlgren, Randy A.","contributorId":48630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dahlgren","given":"Randy A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E.C. 0000-0002-5187-8644 tkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":1452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara","email":"tkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Saraceno, John Franco 0000-0003-0064-1820","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0064-1820","contributorId":71686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saraceno","given":"John Franco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Spencer, Robert G. M.","contributorId":28866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"Robert G. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":1448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70032821,"text":"70032821 - 2009 - Comparing wastewater chemicals, indicator bacteria concentrations, and bacterial pathogen genes as fecal pollution indicators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T18:54:10.734056","indexId":"70032821","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing wastewater chemicals, indicator bacteria concentrations, and bacterial pathogen genes as fecal pollution indicators","docAbstract":"

The objective of this study was to compare fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) (fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli [EC], and enterococci [ENT]) concentrations with a wide array of typical organic wastewater chemicals and selected bacterial genes as indicators of fecal pollution in water samples collected at or near 18 surface water drinking water intakes. Genes tested included esp (indicating human-pathogenic ENT) and nine genes associated with various animal sources of shiga-toxin–producing EC (STEC). Fecal pollution was indicated by genes and/or chemicals for 14 of the 18 tested samples, with little relation to FIB standards. Of 13 samples with <50 EC 100 mL−1, human pharmaceuticals or chemical indicators of wastewater treatment plant effluent occurred in six, veterinary antibiotics were detected in three, and stx1 or stx2 genes (indicating varying animal sources of STEC) were detected in eight. Only the EC eaeA gene was positively correlated with FIB concentrations. Human-source fecal pollution was indicated by the esp gene and the human pharmaceutical carbamazepine in one of the nine samples that met all FIB recreational water quality standards. Escherichia coli rfbO157 and stx2c genes, which are typically associated with cattle sources and are of potential human health significance, were detected in one sample in the absence of tested chemicals. Chemical and gene-based indicators of fecal contamination may be present even when FIB standards are met, and some may, unlike FIB, indicate potential sources. Application of multiple water quality indicators with variable environmental persistence and fate may yield greater confidence in fecal pollution assessment and may inform remediation decisions

","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies","doi":"10.2134/jeq2008.0173","issn":"00472","usgsCitation":"Haack, S., Duris, J., Fogarty, L., Kolpin, D., Focazio, M., Furlong, E., and Meyer, M.T., 2009, Comparing wastewater chemicals, indicator bacteria concentrations, and bacterial pathogen genes as fecal pollution indicators: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 38, no. 1, p. 248-258, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0173.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"258","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213652,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0173"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f83be4b0c8380cd4cf6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haack, S.K.","contributorId":26457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duris, J.W.","contributorId":62835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duris","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fogarty, L.R.","contributorId":27236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Focazio, M. J.","contributorId":62997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Focazio","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Furlong, E. T. 0000-0002-7305-4603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":98346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"E. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70032785,"text":"70032785 - 2009 - Naturally acidic surface and ground waters draining porphyry-related mineralized areas of the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-12T08:41:22","indexId":"70032785","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Naturally acidic surface and ground waters draining porphyry-related mineralized areas of the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Acidic, metal-rich waters produced by the oxidative weathering and resulting leaching of major and trace elements from pyritic rocks can adversely affect water quality in receiving streams and riparian ecosystems. Five study areas in the southern Rocky Mountains with naturally acidic waters associated with porphyry mineralization were studied to document variations in water chemistry and processes that control the chemical variations. Study areas include the Upper Animas River watershed, East Alpine Gulch, Mount Emmons, and Handcart Gulch in Colorado and the Red River in New Mexico. Although host-rock lithologies in all these areas range from Precambrian gneisses to Cretaceous sedimentary units to Tertiary volcanic complexes, the mineralization is Tertiary in age and associated with intermediate to felsic composition, porphyritic plutons. Pyrite is ubiquitous, ranging from ???1 to >5 vol.%. Springs and headwater streams have pH values as low as 2.6, SO4 up to 3700 mg/L and high dissolved metal concentrations (for example: Fe up to 400 mg/L; Cu up to 3.5 mg/L; and Zn up to 14.4 mg/L). Intensity of hydrothermal alteration and presence of sulfides are the primary controls of water chemistry of these naturally acidic waters. Subbasins underlain by intensely hydrothermally altered lithologies are poorly vegetated and quite susceptible to storm-induced surface runoff. Within the Red River study area, results from a storm runoff study documented downstream changes in river chemistry: pH decreased from 7.80 to 4.83, alkalinity decreased from 49.4 to <1 mg/L, SO4 increased from 162 to 314 mg/L, dissolved Fe increased from to 0.011 to 0.596 mg/L, and dissolved Zn increased from 0.056 to 0.607 mg/L. Compared to mine drainage in the same study areas, the chemistry of naturally acidic waters tends to overlap but not reach the extreme concentrations of metals and acidity as some mine waters. The chemistry of waters draining these mineralized but unmined areas can be used to estimate premining conditions at sites with similar geologic and hydrologic conditions. For example, the US Geological Survey was asked to estimate premining ground-water chemistry at the Questa Mo mine, and the proximal analog approach was used because a mineralized but unmined area was located adjacent to the mine property. By comparing and contrasting water chemistry from different porphyry mineralized areas, this study not only documents the range in concentrations of constituents of interest but also provides insight into the primary controls of water chemistry.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.014","issn":"08832","usgsCitation":"Verplanck, P., Nordstrom, D.K., Bove, D.J., Plumlee, G., and Runkel, R., 2009, Naturally acidic surface and ground waters draining porphyry-related mineralized areas of the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado and New Mexico: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 2, p. 255-267, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.014.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"267","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213621,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.014"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6388e4b0c8380cd7253d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verplanck, P. L. 0000-0002-3653-6419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":106565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bove, D. J.","contributorId":70767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bove","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plumlee, G.S.","contributorId":80698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Runkel, R.L.","contributorId":97529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032751,"text":"70032751 - 2009 - Acid rock drainage and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T10:57:06","indexId":"70032751","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acid rock drainage and climate change","docAbstract":"Rainfall events cause both increases and decreases in acid and metals concentrations and their loadings from mine wastes, and unmined mineralized areas, into receiving streams based on data from 3 mines sites in the United States and other sites outside the US. Gradual increases in concentrations occur during long dry spells and sudden large increases are observed during the rising limb of the discharge following dry spells (first flush). By the time the discharge peak has occurred, concentrations are usually decreased, often to levels below those of pre-storm conditions and then they slowly rise again during the next dry spell. These dynamic changes in concentrations and loadings are related to the dissolution of soluble salts and the flushing out of waters that were concentrated by evaporation. The underlying processes, pyrite oxidation and host rock dissolution, do not end until the pyrite is fully weathered, which can take hundreds to thousands of years. These observations can be generalized to predict future conditions caused by droughts related to El Ni??o and climate change associated with global warming. Already, the time period for dry summers is lengthening in the western US and rainstorms are further apart and more intense when they happen. Consequently, flushing of inactive or active mine sites and mineralized but unmined sites will cause larger sudden increases in concentrations that will be an ever increasing danger to aquatic life with climate change. Higher average concentrations will be observed during longer low-flow periods. Remediation efforts will have to increase the capacity of engineered designs to deal with more extreme conditions, not average conditions of previous years.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.08.002","issn":"03756","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., 2009, Acid rock drainage and climate change: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 100, no. 2-3, p. 97-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.08.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"104","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213675,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.08.002"}],"volume":"100","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e694e4b0c8380cd474fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032749,"text":"70032749 - 2009 - Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-14T13:06:01","indexId":"70032749","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options","docAbstract":"

 

\n
    \n
  1. Streams collect runoff, heat, and sediment from their watersheds, making them highly vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances such as urbanization and climate change. Forecasting the effects of these disturbances using process-based models is critical to identifying the form and magnitude of likely impacts. Here, we integrate a new biotic model with four previously developed physical models (downscaled climate projections, stream hydrology, geomorphology, and water temperature) to predict how stream fish growth and reproduction will most probably respond to shifts in climate and urbanization over the next several decades.
    2. \n
  2. The biotic submodel couples dynamics in fish populations and habitat suitability to predict fish assemblage composition, based on readily available biotic information (preferences for habitat, temperature, and food, and characteristics of spawning) and day-to-day variability in stream conditions.
    3. \n
  3. We illustrate the model using Piedmont headwater streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed of the USA, projecting ten scenarios: Baseline (low urbanization; no on-going construction; and present-day climate); one Urbanization scenario (higher impervious surface, lower forest cover, significant construction activity); four future climate change scenarios [Hadley CM3 and Parallel Climate Models under medium-high (A2) and medium-low (B2) emissions scenarios]; and the same four climate change scenarios plus Urbanization.
    4. \n
  4. Urbanization alone depressed growth or reproduction of 8 of 39 species, while climate change alone depressed 22 to 29 species. Almost every recreationally important species (i.e. trouts, basses, sunfishes) and six of the ten currently most common species were predicted to be significantly stressed. The combined effect of climate change and urbanization on adult growth was sometimes large compared to the effect of either stressor alone. Thus, the model predicts considerable change in fish assemblage composition, including loss of diversity.
    5. \n
  5. Synthesis and applications. The interaction of climate change and urban growth may entail significant reconfiguring of headwater streams, including a loss of ecosystem structure and services, which will be more costly than climate change alone. On local scales, stakeholders cannot control climate drivers but they can mitigate stream impacts via careful land use. Therefore, to conserve stream ecosystems, we recommend that proactive measures be taken to insure against species loss or severe population declines. Delays will inevitably exacerbate the impacts of both climate change and urbanization on headwater systems.
    6. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x","issn":"00218","usgsCitation":"Nelson, K.C., Palmer, M., Pizzuto, J.E., Moglen, G.E., Angermeier, P.L., Hilderbrand, R.H., Dettinger, M., and Hayhoe, K., 2009, Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 46, no. 1, p. 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"163","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476129,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213646,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.03956604003905,\n 38.99517305687675\n ],\n [\n -77.244873046875,\n 39.01384869832171\n ],\n [\n -77.24555969238281,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -77.34374999999999,\n 39.06291544026173\n ],\n [\n -77.46322631835938,\n 39.07890809706475\n ],\n [\n -77.45773315429688,\n 39.24501680713314\n ],\n [\n -77.14874267578124,\n 39.358723461000494\n ],\n [\n -76.98257446289062,\n 39.3130504637139\n ],\n [\n -76.97433471679688,\n 39.11088253765176\n ],\n [\n -77.03956604003905,\n 38.99517305687675\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a131ae4b0c8380cd5450e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Karen C.","contributorId":32864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmer, Margaret A.","contributorId":102429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"Margaret A.","affiliations":[{"id":13383,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 6 Solomons, Maryland 20688","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pizzuto, James E.","contributorId":49424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pizzuto","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moglen, Glenn E.","contributorId":106585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moglen","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. biota@usgs.gov","contributorId":1432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":613,"text":"Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hilderbrand, Robert H.","contributorId":140410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilderbrand","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13480,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Appalachian Laboratory, 301 Braddock Road, Frostburg, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dettinger, Mike 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Mike","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hayhoe, Katharine","contributorId":35624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayhoe","given":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":16625,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70032745,"text":"70032745 - 2009 - Effects of the herbicide diuron on cordgrass (Spartina foliosa) reflectance and photosynthetic parameters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T06:54:11","indexId":"70032745","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of the herbicide diuron on cordgrass (Spartina foliosa) reflectance and photosynthetic parameters","docAbstract":"

Early indicators of salt marsh plant stress are needed to detect stress before it is manifested as changes in biomass and coverage. We explored a variety of leaf-level spectral reflectance and fluorescence variables as indicators of stress in response to the herbicide diuron. Diuron, a Photosystem II inhibitor, is heavily used in areas adjacent to estuaries, but its ecological effects are just beginning to be recognized. In a greenhouse experiment, we exposed Spartina foliosa, the native cordgrass in California salt marshes, to two levels of diuron. After plant exposure to diuron for 28 days, all spectral reflectance indices and virtually all fluorescence parameters indicated reduced pigment and photosynthetic function, verified as reduced CO2 assimilation. Diuron exposure was not evident, however, in plant morphometry, indicating that reflectance and fluorescence were effective indicators of sub-lethal diuron exposure. Several indices (spectral reflectance index ARI and fluorescence parameters EQY, Fo, and maximum rETR) were sensitive to diuron concentration. In field trials, most of the indices as well as biomass, % cover, and canopy height varied predictably and significantly across a pesticide gradient. In the field, ARI and Fo regressed most significantly and strongly with pesticide levels. The responses of ARI and Fo in both the laboratory and the field make these indices promising as sensitive, rapid, non-destructive indicators of responses of S. foliosa to herbicides in the field. These techniques are employed in remote sensing and could potentially provide a link between landscapes of stressed vegetation and the causative stressor(s), which is crucial for effective regulation of pollution.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-008-9114-z","issn":"15592","usgsCitation":"Williams, S., Carranza, A., Kunzelman, J., Datta, S., and Kuivila, K., 2009, Effects of the herbicide diuron on cordgrass (Spartina foliosa) reflectance and photosynthetic parameters: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 32, no. 1, p. 146-157, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-008-9114-z.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"157","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214084,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-008-9114-z"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0805e4b0c8380cd51931","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, S.L.","contributorId":71398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carranza, A.","contributorId":84076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carranza","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kunzelman, J.","contributorId":39206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunzelman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Datta, S.","contributorId":19754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Datta","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn 0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":190790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032721,"text":"70032721 - 2009 - Flow and geochemistry of groundwater beneath a back-barrier lagoon: The subterranean estuary at Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-05T10:18:08","indexId":"70032721","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2662,"text":"Marine Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow and geochemistry of groundwater beneath a back-barrier lagoon: The subterranean estuary at Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, USA","docAbstract":"

To better understand large-scale interactions between fresh and saline groundwater beneath an Atlantic coastal estuary, an offshore drilling and sampling study was performed in a large barrier-bounded lagoon, Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, USA. Groundwater that was significantly fresher than overlying bay water was found in shallow plumes up to 8 m thick extending more than 1700 m offshore. Groundwater saltier than bay surface water was found locally beneath the lagoon and the barrier island, indicating recharge by saline water concentrated by evaporation prior to infiltration. Steep salinity and nutrient gradients occur within a few meters of the sediment surface in most locations studied, with buried peats and estuarine muds acting as confining units. Groundwater ages were generally more than 50 years in both fresh and brackish waters as deep as 23 m below the bay bottom. Water chemistry and isotopic data indicate that freshened plumes beneath the estuary are mixtures of water originally recharged on land and varying amounts of estuarine surface water that circulated through the bay floor, possibly at some distance from the sampling location. Ammonium is the dominant fixed nitrogen species in saline groundwater beneath the estuary at the locations sampled. Isotopic and dissolved-gas data from one location indicate that denitrification within the subsurface flow system removed terrestrial nitrate from fresh groundwater prior to discharge along the western side of the estuary. Similar situations, with one or more shallow semi-confined flow systems where groundwater geochemistry is strongly influenced by circulation of surface estuary water through organic-rich sediments, may be common on the Atlantic margin and elsewhere.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2009.01.004","issn":"03044","usgsCitation":"Bratton, J., Böhlke, J., Krantz, D., and Tobias, C., 2009, Flow and geochemistry of groundwater beneath a back-barrier lagoon: The subterranean estuary at Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, USA: Marine Chemistry, v. 113, no. 1-2, p. 78-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2009.01.004.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"92","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476365,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2963","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241424,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213767,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2009.01.004"}],"volume":"113","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1238e4b0c8380cd54210","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bratton, J.F.","contributorId":94354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krantz, D.E.","contributorId":9838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krantz","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tobias, C.R.","contributorId":9442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tobias","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036063,"text":"70036063 - 2009 - Effect of grain-coating mineralogy on nitrate and sulfate storage in the unsaturated zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T07:18:14","indexId":"70036063","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of grain-coating mineralogy on nitrate and sulfate storage in the unsaturated zone","docAbstract":"

Unsaturated-zone sediments and the chemistry of shallow groundwater underlying a small (∼8-km2) watershed were studied to identify the mechanisms responsible for anion storage within the Miocene Bridgeton Formation and weathered Coastal Plain deposits in southern New Jersey. Lower unsaturated-zone sediments and shallow groundwater samples were collected and concentrations of selected ions (including NO3 − and SO4 2−) from 11 locations were determined. Grain size, sorting, and color of the lower unsaturated-zone sediments were determined and the mineralogy of these grains and the composition of coatings were analyzed by petrographic examination, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis of x-rays, and quantitative whole-rock x-ray diffraction. The sediment grains, largely quartz and chert (80–94% w/w), are coated with a very fine-grained (<20 μm), complex mixture of kaolinite, halloysite, goethite, and possibly gibbsite and lepidocrocite. The mineral coatings are present as an open fabric, resulting in a large surface area in contact with pore water. Significant correlations between the amount of goethite in the grain coatings and the concentration of sediment-bound SO4 2− were observed, indicative of anion sorption. Other mineral–chemical relations indicate that negatively charged surfaces and competition with SO4 2− results in exclusion of NO3 − from inner sphere exchange sites. The observed NO3 −storage may be a result of matrix forces within the grain coatings and outer sphere complexation. The results of this study indicate that the mineralogy of grain coatings can have demonstrable effects on the storage of NO3 − and SO4 2− in the unsaturated zone.

","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies ","doi":"10.2136/vzj2008.0053","issn":"15391663","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.J., Fishman, N., and Baehr, A.L., 2009, Effect of grain-coating mineralogy on nitrate and sulfate storage in the unsaturated zone: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 8, no. 1, p. 75-85, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0053.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"85","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218183,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0053"},{"id":246169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05e3e4b0c8380cd50feb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, T. J.","contributorId":77400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fishman, N.S.","contributorId":59441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baehr, A. L.","contributorId":59831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037451,"text":"70037451 - 2009 - Urban streams across the USA: Lessons learned from studies in 9 metropolitan areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T21:34:54.194429","indexId":"70037451","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Urban streams across the USA: Lessons learned from studies in 9 metropolitan areas","docAbstract":"

Studies of the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems have usually focused on single metropolitan areas. Synthesis of the results of such studies have been useful in developing general conceptual models of the effects of urbanization, but the strength of such generalizations is enhanced by applying consistent study designs and methods to multiple metropolitan areas across large geographic scales. We summarized the results from studies of the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems in 9 metropolitan areas across the US (Boston, Massachusetts; Raleigh, North Carolina; Atlanta, Georgia; Birmingham, Alabama; Milwaukee-Green Bay, Wisconsin; Denver, Colorado; Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas; Salt Lake City, Utah; and Portland, Oregon). These studies were conducted as part of the US Geological Survey’s National Water-Quality Assessment Program and were based on a common study design and used standard sample-collection and processing methods to facilitate comparisons among study areas. All studies included evaluations of hydrology, physical habitat, water quality, and biota (algae, macroinvertebrates, fish). Four major conclusions emerged from the studies. First, responses of hydrologic, physical-habitat, water-quality, and biotic variables to urbanization varied among metropolitan areas, except that insecticide inputs consistently increased with urbanization. Second, prior land use, primarily forest and agriculture, appeared to be the most important determinant of the response of biota to urbanization in the areas we studied. Third, little evidence was found for resistance to the effects of urbanization by macroinvertebrate assemblages, even at low levels of urbanization. Fourth, benthic macroinvertebrates have important advantages for assessing the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems relative to algae and fishes. Overall, our results demonstrate regional differences in the effects of urbanization on stream biota and suggest additional studies to elucidate the causes of these underlying differences.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1899/08-153.1","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., Cuffney, T.F., Coles, J.F., Fitzpatrick, F., McMahon, G., Steuer, J., Bell, A.H., and May, J.T., 2009, Urban streams across the USA: Lessons learned from studies in 9 metropolitan areas: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 28, no. 4, p. 1051-1069, https://doi.org/10.1899/08-153.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1051","endPage":"1069","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-008405","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476403,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe18e4b08c986b3293f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steuer, Jeffrey","contributorId":97530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steuer","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bell, Amanda H. 0000-0002-7199-2145 ahbell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-2145","contributorId":1752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Amanda","email":"ahbell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112 jasonmay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason","email":"jasonmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70032653,"text":"70032653 - 2009 - Predator avoidance performance of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) following short-term exposure to estrogen mixtures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-12T07:59:25","indexId":"70032653","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predator avoidance performance of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) following short-term exposure to estrogen mixtures","docAbstract":"

Aquatic organisms exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) at early life-stages may have reduced reproductive fitness via disruption of reproductive and non-reproductive behavioral and physiological pathways. Survival to reproductive age relies upon optimal non-reproductive trait expression, such as adequate predator avoidance responses, which may be impacted through EDC exposure. During a predator–prey confrontation, larval fish use an innate C-start escape behavior to rapidly move away from an approaching threat. We tested the hypotheses that (1) larval fathead minnows exposed to estrogens, a primary class of EDCs, singularly or in mixture, suffer a reduced ability to perform an innate C-start behavior when faced with a threat stimulus; (2) additive effects will cause greater reductions in C-start behavior; and (3) effects will differ among developmental stages. In this study, embryos (post-fertilization until hatching) were exposed for 5 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) singularly and in mixture. Exposed embryos were allowed to hatch and grow in control well water until 12 days old. Similarly, post-hatch fathead minnows were exposed for 12 days to these compounds. High-speed (1000 frames/s) video recordings of escape behavior were collected and transferred to National Institutes of Health Image for frame-by-frame analysis of latency period, escape velocity, and total escape response (combination of latency period and escape velocity). When tested 12 days post-hatch, only E1 adversely affected C-start performance of larvae exposed as embryos. Conversely, larvae exposed for 12 days post-hatch did not exhibit altered escape responses when exposed to E1, while adverse responses were seen in E2 and the estrogen mixture. Ethinylestradiol exposure did not elicit changes in escape behaviors at either developmental stage. The direct impact of reduced C-start performance on survival, and ultimately, reproductive fitness provides an avenue to assess the ecological relevance of exposure in an assay of relatively short duration.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.12.002","issn":"01664","usgsCitation":"McGee, M., Julius, M., Vajda, A., Norris, D., Barber, L.B., and Schoenfuss, H., 2009, Predator avoidance performance of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) following short-term exposure to estrogen mixtures: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 91, no. 4, p. 355-361, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.12.002.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"361","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213764,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.12.002"}],"volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a816ce4b0c8380cd7b514","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGee, M.R.","contributorId":82930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julius, M.L.","contributorId":11775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julius","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vajda, A.M.","contributorId":35961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vajda","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Norris, D.O.","contributorId":58475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"D.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schoenfuss, H.L.","contributorId":103877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenfuss","given":"H.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037484,"text":"70037484 - 2009 - Biodegradation of 17β-estradiol, estrone, and testosterone in stream sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T14:04:48","indexId":"70037484","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Biodegradation of 17β-estradiol, estrone, and testosterone in stream sediments","docAbstract":"

The release of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent poses a significant threat to the ecology of surface water receptors, due to impacts on the hormonal control, sexual development, reproductive success and community structure of the indigenous aquatic organisms and associated wildlife. Among the EDCs commonly observed in WWTP effluent, the natural [e.g., 17??-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1)] and synthetic [e.g., ethynylestradiol (EE2)] estrogens are particular concerns owing to their high endocrine reactivity in both in vitro and in vivo laboratory models. These reproductive hormones have been identified as the primary cause of estrogenic effects in wastewater effluent, with greater than 95% of the estrogen receptor agonist activity in effluent attributed to this contaminant group. The potentials for in situ biodegradation of 17??-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), and testosterone (T) were investigated in three, hydrologically-distinct, WWTP-impacted streams in the United States. Relative differences in the mineralization of [4-14C] substrates were assessed in oxic microcosms containing sediment or water-only from locations upstream and downstream of the WWTP outfall in each system. Upstream samples provided insight into the biodegradative potential of sediment microbial communities that were not under the immediate impact of WWTP effluent. Upstream sediment from all three systems demonstrated significant mineralization of the \"A\" ring of E2, E1 and T, with the potential of T biodegradation consistently greater than of E2 and no systematic difference in the potentials of E2 and E1. Downstream samples provided insight into the impacts of effluent on reproductive hormone biodegradation. Significant \"A\" ring mineralization was also observed in downstream sediment, with the potentials for E1 and T mineralization being substantially depressed relative to upstream samples. In marked contrast, the potentials for E2 mineralization immediately downstream of the WWTP outfalls were more than double that of upstream samples. E2 mineralization was also observed in water, albeit at insufficient rate to prevent substantial downstream transport in the water column. The results of this study indicate that, in combination with sediment sorption processes which effectively scavenge hydrophobic contaminants from the water column and immobilize them in the vicinity of the WWTP outfall, aerobic biodegradation of reproductive hormones can be an environmentally important mechanism for nonconservative (destructive) attenuation of hormonal endocrine disruptors in effluent-impacted streams.

","largerWorkTitle":"In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation-2009: Proceedings of the 10th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium","conferenceTitle":"10th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium, In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation-2009","conferenceDate":"5 May 2009 through 8 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD","language":"English","isbn":"9780981973012","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Chapelle, F.H., Barber, L.B., McMahon, P., Gray, J., and Kolpin, D., 2009, Biodegradation of 17β-estradiol, estrone, and testosterone in stream sediments, in In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation-2009: Proceedings of the 10th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium, Baltimore, MD, 5 May 2009 through 8 May 2009.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f145e4b0c8380cd4ab45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McMahon, P.B. 0000-0001-7452-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":10762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gray, J.L.","contributorId":18566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037491,"text":"70037491 - 2009 - Kootenai River velocities, depth, and white sturgeon spawning site selection – A mystery unraveled?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-12T08:43:30","indexId":"70037491","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kootenai River velocities, depth, and white sturgeon spawning site selection – A mystery unraveled?","docAbstract":"

The Kootenai River white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus population in Idaho, US and British Columbia (BC), Canada became recruitment limited shortly after Libby Dam became fully operational on the Kootenai River, Montana, USA in 1974. In the USA the species was listed under the Endangered Species Act in September of 1994. Kootenai River white sturgeon spawn within an 18-km reach in Idaho, river kilometer (rkm) 228.0–246.0. Each autumn and spring Kootenai River white sturgeon follow a ‘short two-step’ migration from the lower river and Kootenay Lake, BC, to staging reaches downstream of Bonners Ferry, Idaho. Initially, augmented spring flows for white sturgeon spawning were thought to be sufficient to recover the population. Spring discharge mitigation enhanced white sturgeon spawning but a series of research investigations determined that the white sturgeon were spawning over unsuitable incubation and rearing habitat (sand) and that survival of eggs and larvae was negligible. It was not known whether post-Libby Dam management had changed the habitat or if the white sturgeon were not returning to more suitable spawning substrates farther upstream. Fisheries and hydrology researchers made a team effort to determine if the spawning habitat had been changed by Libby Dam operations. Researchers modeled and compared velocities, sediment transport, and bathymetry with post-Libby Dam white sturgeon egg collection locations. Substrate coring studies confirmed cobbles and gravel substrates in most of the spawning locations but that they were buried under a meter or more of post-Libby Dam sediment. Analysis suggested that Kootenai River white sturgeon spawn in areas of highest available velocity and depths over a range of flows. Regardless of the discharge, the locations of accelerating velocities and maximum depth do not change and spawning locations remain consistent. Kootenai River white sturgeon are likely spawning in the same locations as pre-dam, but post-Libby Dam water management has reduced velocities and shear stress, thus sediment is now covering the cobbles and gravels. Although higher discharges will likely provide more suitable spawning and rearing conditions, this would be socially and politically unacceptable because it would bring the river elevation to or in excess of 537.66 m, which is flood stage. Thus, support should be given to habitat modifications incorporated into a management plan to restore suitable habitat and ensure better survival of eggs and larvae.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01364.x","usgsCitation":"Paragamian, V., McDonald, R., Nelson, G., and Barton, G., 2009, Kootenai River velocities, depth, and white sturgeon spawning site selection – A mystery unraveled?: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 25, no. 6, p. 640-646, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01364.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"640","endPage":"646","ipdsId":"IP-011633","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476222,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01364.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217094,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01364.x"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40c9e4b0c8380cd65030","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paragamian, V.L.","contributorId":54439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paragamian","given":"V.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, R.","contributorId":27668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, G.J.","contributorId":19814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barton, G.","contributorId":7111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032593,"text":"70032593 - 2009 - Mercury isotopic composition of hydrothermal systems in the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field and Guaymas Basin sea-floor rift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T10:43:04","indexId":"70032593","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury isotopic composition of hydrothermal systems in the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field and Guaymas Basin sea-floor rift","docAbstract":"To characterize mercury (Hg) isotopes and isotopic fractionation in hydrothermal systems we analyzed fluid and precipitate samples from hot springs in the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field and vent chimney samples from the Guaymas Basin sea-floor rift. These samples provide an initial indication of the variability in Hg isotopic composition among marine and continental hydrothermal systems that are controlled predominantly by mantle-derived magmas. Fluid samples from Ojo Caliente hot spring in Yellowstone range in δ202Hg from - 1.02‰ to 0.58‰ (± 0.11‰, 2SD) and solid precipitate samples from Guaymas Basin range in δ202Hg from - 0.37‰ to - 0.01‰ (± 0.14‰, 2SD). Fluid samples from Ojo Caliente display mass-dependent fractionation (MDF) of Hg from the vent (δ202Hg = 0.10‰ ± 0.11‰, 2SD) to the end of the outflow channel (&delta202Hg = 0.58‰ ± 0.11‰, 2SD) in conjunction with a decrease in Hg concentration from 46.6pg/g to 20.0pg/g. Although a small amount of Hg is lost from the fluids due to co-precipitation with siliceous sinter, we infer that the majority of the observed MDF and Hg loss from waters in Ojo Caliente is due to volatilization of Hg0(aq) to Hg0(g) and the preferential loss of Hg with a lower δ202Hg value to the atmosphere. A small amount of mass-independent fractionation (MIF) was observed in all samples from Ojo Caliente (Δ199Hg = 0.13‰ ±1 0.06‰, 2SD) but no significant MIF was measured in the sea-floor rift samples from Guaymas Basin. This study demonstrates that several different hydrothermal processes fractionate Hg isotopes and that Hg isotopes may be used to better understand these processes.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2008.12.032","issn":"00128","usgsCitation":"Sherman, L., Blum, J., Nordstrom, D.K., McCleskey, R.B., Barkay, T., and Vetriani, C., 2009, Mercury isotopic composition of hydrothermal systems in the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field and Guaymas Basin sea-floor rift: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 279, no. 1-2, p. 86-96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2008.12.032.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":435,"text":"National Research Program - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.7337760925293,\n 44.40447671189411\n ],\n [\n -110.71188926696777,\n 44.40447671189411\n ],\n [\n -110.71188926696777,\n 44.42004966190147\n ],\n [\n -110.7337760925293,\n 44.42004966190147\n ],\n [\n -110.7337760925293,\n 44.40447671189411\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"279","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5420e4b0c8380cd6ceb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherman, L.S.","contributorId":36765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherman","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blum, J.D.","contributorId":30829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":436975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barkay, T.","contributorId":57617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barkay","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vetriani, C.","contributorId":20166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vetriani","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032558,"text":"70032558 - 2009 - Newly recognized hosts for uranium in the Hanford Site vadose zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-05T10:23:14","indexId":"70032558","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Newly recognized hosts for uranium in the Hanford Site vadose zone","docAbstract":"

Uranium contaminated sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Hanford Site have been investigated using electron microscopy. Six classes of solid hosts for uranium were identified. Preliminary sediment characterization was carried out using optical petrography, and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) was used to locate materials that host uranium. All of the hosts are fine-grained and intergrown with other materials at spatial scales smaller than the analytical volume of the electron microprobe. A focused ion beam (FIB) was used to prepare electron-transparent specimens of each host for the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The hosts were identified as: (1) metatorbernite [Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O]; (2) coatings on sediment clasts comprised mainly of phyllosilicates; (3) an amorphous zirconium (oxyhydr)oxide found in clast coatings; (4) amorphous and poorly crystalline materials that line voids within basalt lithic fragments; (5) amorphous palagonite surrounding fragments of basaltic glass; and (6) Fe- and Mn-oxides. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of combining EMPA, FIB, and TEM to identify solid-phase contaminant hosts. Furthermore, they highlight the complexity of U geochemistry in the Hanford vadose zone, and illustrate the importance of microscopic transport in controlling the fate of contaminant metals in the environment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2008.12.004","issn":"00167","usgsCitation":"Stubbs, J., Veblen, L., Elbert, D., Zachara, J., Davis, J., and Veblen, D., 2009, Newly recognized hosts for uranium in the Hanford Site vadose zone: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 6, p. 1563-1576, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.12.004.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1563","endPage":"1576","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213854,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.12.004"}],"volume":"73","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a662ce4b0c8380cd72d43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stubbs, J.E.","contributorId":99384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stubbs","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veblen, L.A.","contributorId":37967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veblen","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elbert, D.C.","contributorId":104293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elbert","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zachara, J.M.","contributorId":96896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zachara","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Veblen, D.R.","contributorId":25300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veblen","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032555,"text":"70032555 - 2009 - A simulation of historic hydrology and salinity in Everglades National Park: Coupling paleoecologic assemblage data with regression models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T14:13:42","indexId":"70032555","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simulation of historic hydrology and salinity in Everglades National Park: Coupling paleoecologic assemblage data with regression models","docAbstract":"

Restoration of Florida’s Everglades requires scientifically supportable hydrologic targets. This study establishes a restoration baseline by developing a method to simulate hydrologic and salinity conditions prior to anthropogenic changes. The method couples paleoecologic data on long-term historic ecosystem conditions with statistical models derived from observed meteorologic and hydrologic data that provide seasonal and annual variation. Results indicate that pre-drainage freshwater levels and hydroperiods in major sloughs of the Everglades were about 0.15 m higher and two to four times greater, respectively, on average compared to today’s values. Pre-drainage freshwater delivered to the wetlands and estuaries is estimated to be 2.5 to four times greater than the modern-day flow, and the largest deficit is during the dry season. In Florida Bay, salinity has increased between 5.3 and 20.1 with the largest differences in the areas near freshwater outflow points. These results suggest that additional freshwater flows to the Everglades are needed for restoration of the freshwater marshes of the Everglades and estuarine environment of Florida Bay, particularly near the end of the dry season.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-008-9120-1","issn":"15592","usgsCitation":"Marshall, F.E., Wingard, G.L., and Pitts, P.A., 2009, A simulation of historic hydrology and salinity in Everglades National Park: Coupling paleoecologic assemblage data with regression models: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 32, no. 1, p. 37-53, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-008-9120-1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-006005","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213821,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-008-9120-1"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e596e4b0c8380cd46e55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, Frank E.","contributorId":88962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pitts, Patrick A.","contributorId":90118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitts","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032525,"text":"70032525 - 2009 - Two statistics for evaluating parameter identifiability and error reduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-02T11:06:13","indexId":"70032525","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two statistics for evaluating parameter identifiability and error reduction","docAbstract":"Two statistics are presented that can be used to rank input parameters utilized by a model in terms of their relative identifiability based on a given or possible future calibration dataset. Identifiability is defined here as the capability of model calibration to constrain parameters used by a model. Both statistics require that the sensitivity of each model parameter be calculated for each model output for which there are actual or presumed field measurements. Singular value decomposition (SVD) of the weighted sensitivity matrix is then undertaken to quantify the relation between the parameters and observations that, in turn, allows selection of calibration solution and null spaces spanned by unit orthogonal vectors. The first statistic presented, \"parameter identifiability\", is quantitatively defined as the direction cosine between a parameter and its projection onto the calibration solution space. This varies between zero and one, with zero indicating complete non-identifiability and one indicating complete identifiability. The second statistic, \"relative error reduction\", indicates the extent to which the calibration process reduces error in estimation of a parameter from its pre-calibration level where its value must be assigned purely on the basis of prior expert knowledge. This is more sophisticated than identifiability, in that it takes greater account of the noise associated with the calibration dataset. Like identifiability, it has a maximum value of one (which can only be achieved if there is no measurement noise). Conceptually it can fall to zero; and even below zero if a calibration problem is poorly posed. An example, based on a coupled groundwater/surface-water model, is included that demonstrates the utility of the statistics. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.12.018","issn":"00221","usgsCitation":"Doherty, J., and Hunt, R.J., 2009, Two statistics for evaluating parameter identifiability and error reduction: Journal of Hydrology, v. 366, no. 1-4, p. 119-127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.12.018.","startPage":"119","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213886,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.12.018"},{"id":241553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"366","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb989e4b08c986b327c4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doherty, John","contributorId":43843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032524,"text":"70032524 - 2009 - Shallow water processes govern system-wide phytoplankton bloom dynamics: A modeling study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-08T09:05:19","indexId":"70032524","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2381,"text":"Journal of Marine Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow water processes govern system-wide phytoplankton bloom dynamics: A modeling study","docAbstract":"

A pseudo-two-dimensional numerical model of estuarine phytoplankton growth and consumption, vertical turbulent mixing, and idealized cross-estuary transport was developed and applied to South San Francisco Bay. This estuary has two bathymetrically distinct habitat types (deep channel, shallow shoal) and associated differences in local net rates of phytoplankton growth and consumption, as well as differences in the water column's tendency to stratify. Because many physical and biological time scales relevant to algal population dynamics decrease with decreasing depth, process rates can be especially fast in the shallow water. We used the model to explore the potential significance of hydrodynamic connectivity between a channel and shoal and whether lateral transport can allow physical or biological processes (e.g. stratification, benthic grazing, light attenuation) in one sub-region to control phytoplankton biomass and bloom development in the adjacent sub-region. Model results for South San Francisco Bay suggest that lateral transport from a productive shoal can result in phytoplankton biomass accumulation in an adjacent deep, unproductive channel. The model further suggests that turbidity and benthic grazing in the shoal can control the occurrence of a bloom system-wide; whereas, turbidity, benthic grazing, and vertical density stratification in the channel are likely to only control local bloom occurrence or modify system-wide bloom magnitude. Measurements from a related field program are generally consistent with model-derived conclusions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.07.011","issn":"09247","usgsCitation":"Lucas, L., Koseff, J.R., Monismith, S., and Thompson, J., 2009, Shallow water processes govern system-wide phytoplankton bloom dynamics: A modeling study: Journal of Marine Systems, v. 75, no. 1-2, p. 70-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.07.011.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"86","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213853,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.07.011"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e46e4b08c986b318834","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, L.V.","contributorId":62777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"L.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koseff, Jeffrey R.","contributorId":37915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koseff","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":57228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, J.K.","contributorId":103300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035914,"text":"70035914 - 2009 - Benthic nutrient sources to hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-05T10:39:25","indexId":"70035914","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Benthic nutrient sources to hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"

Three collecting trips were coordinated in April, May, and August 2006 to sample the water column and benthos of hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake (OR, USA) through the annual cyanophyte bloom of Aphanizomenon flos‐aquae. A pore‐water profiler was designed and fabricated to obtain the first high‐resolution (centimeter‐scale) estimates of the vertical concentration gradients of macro‐ and micronutrients for diffusive‐flux determinations. A consistently positive benthic flux for soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) was observed with solute release from the sediment, ranging between 0.4 and 6.1 mg/m2/d. The mass flux over an approximate 200‐km2 lake area was comparable in magnitude to riverine inputs. An additional concern related to fish toxicity was identified when dissolved ammonium also displayed consistently positive benthic fluxes of 4 to 134 mg/m2/d, again comparable to riverine inputs. Although phosphorus was a logical initial choice by water quality managers for the limiting nutrient when nitrogen‐fixing cyanophytes dominate, initial trace‐element results from the lake and major inflowing tributaries suggested that the role of iron limitation on primary productivity should be investigated. Dissolved iron became depleted in the lake water column during the course of the algal bloom, while dissolved ammonium and SRP increased. Elevated macroinvertebrate densities, at least of the order of 104individuals/m2, suggested that the diffusive‐flux estimates may be significantly enhanced by bioturbation. In addition, heat‐flux modeling indicated that groundwater advection of nutrients could also significantly contribute to internal nutrient loading. Accurate environmental assessments of lentic systems and reasonable expectations for point‐source management require quantitative consideration of internal solute sources.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/08-207.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J., Topping, B., Lynch, D.D., Carter, J., and Essaid, H., 2009, Benthic nutrient sources to hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 28, no. 3, p. 516-524, https://doi.org/10.1897/08-207.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"516","endPage":"524","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216146,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/08-207.1"},{"id":243994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0c2e4b0c8380cd4a8cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, J.S.","contributorId":57905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topping, B.R.","contributorId":97541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lynch, D. D.","contributorId":12075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, J.L.","contributorId":26030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Essaid, H.I.","contributorId":22342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70035887,"text":"70035887 - 2009 - Complete and draft genome sequences of six members of the aquificales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T11:13:41","indexId":"70035887","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2192,"text":"Journal of Bacteriology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complete and draft genome sequences of six members of the aquificales","docAbstract":"

The Aquificales are widespread in marine and terrestrial hydrothermal environments. Here, we report the complete and draft genome sequences of six new members of the Aquificales: two marine species, Persephonella marina strain EX-H1 and Hydrogenivirga strain 128-5-R1 (from the East Pacific Rise, 9°50.3′N, 104°17.5′W, and the Eastern Lau Spreading Center, 176°11.5′W, 20°45.8′S, respectively), and four terrestrial isolates, Sulfurihydrogenibium azorense strain Az-Fu1, Sulfurihydrogenibium yellowstonense strain SS-5, and Sulfurihydrogenibium strain Y03AOP1 (from Furnas, Azores, Portugal, and Calcite Springs and Obsidian Pool in Yellowstone National Park, United States, respectively), and the only thermoacidophilic isolate, Hydrogenobaculum strain Y04AAS1 (from a stream adjacent to Obsidian Pool). Significant differences among the different species exist that include nitrogen metabolism, hydrogen utilization, chemotaxis, and signal transduction, providing insights into their ecological niche adaptations.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/JB.01645-08","issn":"00219193","usgsCitation":"Reysenbach, A., Hamamura, N., Podar, M., Griffiths, E., Ferreira, S., Hochstein, R., Heidelberg, J., Johnson, J., Mead, D., Pohorille, A., Sarmiento, M., Sehweighofer, K., Seshadri, R., and Voytek, M., 2009, Complete and draft genome sequences of six members of the aquificales: Journal of Bacteriology, v. 191, no. 6, p. 1992-1993, https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.01645-08.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1992","endPage":"1993","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476386,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2648382","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244055,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216201,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.01645-08"}],"volume":"191","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f908e4b0c8380cd4d3b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reysenbach, A.-L.","contributorId":8660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reysenbach","given":"A.-L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamamura, N.","contributorId":85791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamamura","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Podar, M.","contributorId":7107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Podar","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffiths, E.","contributorId":52009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferreira, S.","contributorId":22989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferreira","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hochstein, R.","contributorId":57291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hochstein","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Heidelberg, J.","contributorId":68988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heidelberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, J.","contributorId":31719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mead, D.","contributorId":80926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mead","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pohorille, A.","contributorId":13832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohorille","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sarmiento, M.","contributorId":71793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarmiento","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sehweighofer, K.","contributorId":30477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sehweighofer","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Seshadri, R.","contributorId":34354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seshadri","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Voytek, M.A.","contributorId":44272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70035879,"text":"70035879 - 2009 - Development of regression models to estimate flow duration statistics at ungaged streams in Oklahoma using a regional approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035879","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development of regression models to estimate flow duration statistics at ungaged streams in Oklahoma using a regional approach","docAbstract":"Multiple-regression analysis was used to develop equations for estimating annual and seasonal flow-duration statistics at ungaged streams in and near Oklahoma that are not substantially affected by human alteration. Ordinary least-squares and left-censored (Tobit) multiple-regression techniques were used to develop equations that relate these statistics, from continuous streamflow data at gaged locations with 10 or more years of record, to physical and climatic basin characteristics. Separate equations were developed to estimate these statistics for stations within similar hydrologic and geologic regions. Use of separate regressions by region substantially improved the accuracy of the estimate for streams in eastern and central Oklahoma when compared with estimating equations developed for the entire State, especially for regressions estimating lower flow duration values. For all regions, the equations were more reliable for estimating higher flow duration values. The accuracy of regressions for estimating flow duration statistics in western Oklahoma was very poor, especially for lower flow duration values. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)486","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Esralew, R., 2009, Development of regression models to estimate flow duration statistics at ungaged streams in Oklahoma using a regional approach, in Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 4819-4831, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)486.","startPage":"4819","endPage":"4831","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216084,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)486"},{"id":243926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0062e4b0c8380cd4f729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esralew, R.A.","contributorId":71030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esralew","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}