A fundamental problem in the simulation of karst ground-water flow and solute transport is how best to represent aquifer heterogeneity as defined by the spatial distribution of porosity, permeability, and storage. Combined analyses of cyclostratigraphy, including lithofacies and depositional environments, and borehole-geophysical logs, has improved the conceptualization of porosity, permeability, and storage within the triple-porosity karstic Biscayne aquifer in an approximately 95-square-mile study area of Miami-Dade County in southeastern Florida. The triple porosity of the Biscayne aquifer is principally: (1) matrix of interparticle and separate-vug porosity, providing much of the storage, and under dynamic conditions, diffuse-carbonate flow; (2) touching-vug porosity creating stratiform ground-water flow passageways; and (3) less common conduit porosity composed mainly of bedding-plane vugs, thin solution pipes, and cavernous vugs. These three conduit porosity types are all pathways for conduit ground-water flow.
To develop an accurate three-dimensional conceptual hydrogeologic model of the Biscayne aquifer in the study area, a detailed analysis of data was conducted that include continuously drilled cores, digital borehole images, borehole-fluid conductivity and temperature logs, and borehole-flowmeter measurements from 25 wells that fully penetrate the Biscayne aquifer. Six depositional environments for major lithologic components of the Biscayne aquifer--the Tamiami Formation, Fort Thompson Formation, and Miami Limestone--include: (1) middle ramp, (2) platform margin-to-outer platform, (3) open-marine platform interior, (4) restricted platform interior, (5) brackish platform interior, and (6) freshwater terrestrial environments. High-frequency cycles form the fundamental building blocks of the rocks composing the Biscayne aquifer. Vertical lithofacies successions, which have stacking patterns that reoccur, fit within the high-frequency cycles. Upward-shallowing subtidal cycles, upward-shallowing paralic cycles, and aggradational subtidal cycles define three types of ideal high-frequency cycles that occur within the Fort Thompson Formation and Miami Limestone. Based on vertical cycle patterns, high-frequency cycles group into two cycle sets: an older progradational cycle set and an overlying younger aggradational cycle.
A primary observation is that a predictable vertical pattern of porosity and permeability commonly exists within the three ideal cycles because the porosity and permeability relate directly to lithofacies. Sixteen major lithofacies of the Fort Thompson Formation and Miami Limestone have been assigned to one of three pore classes (I, II, and III). Touching-vug porosity and conduit porosity characterize pore class I, which commonly comprises the lower part of upward-shallowing cycles within the Fort Thompson Formation and an upper aggradational cycle of the Miami Limestone. Matrix porosity distinguishes pore class II, which commonly occurs in the upper part of the upward-shallowing subtidal cycles and middle part of the upward-shallowing paralic cycles. Micrite-dominated, leaky, low-permeability lithologies are characteristic of pore class III, which commonly caps upward-shallowing paralic cycles and occurs throughout much of a lower aggradational cycle of the Miami Limestone. These relations among lithofacies, cyclicity, and aquifer attributes (porosity, permeability, and storage) are crucial features of the architecture of a three-dimensional conceptual hydrogeologic model of the karstic Biscayne aquifer. This study shows that development of these relations is critical to producing a realistic cycle-based karstic aquifer framework for the Biscayne aquifer and for karst aquifers within other platform carbonates.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055235","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, K.J., Wacker, M.A., Robinson, E., Dixon, J.F., and Wingard, G.L., 2006, A cyclostratigraphic and borehole-geophysical approach to development of a three-dimensional conceptual hydrogeologic model of the karstic Biscayne aquifer, southeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5235, Report: vi, 69 p.; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055235.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 69 p.; Database","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2005_5235.jpg"},{"id":7015,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5235/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110631,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75769.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"75769"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.584716796875,\n 25.363882272740256\n ],\n [\n -80.85937499999999,\n 25.06569718553588\n ],\n [\n -80.17822265625,\n 25.21488107113259\n ],\n [\n -80.1507568359375,\n 25.903703303407667\n ],\n [\n -80.57922363281249,\n 25.849336891707605\n ],\n [\n -80.584716796875,\n 25.363882272740256\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af44f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. 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Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176312,"text":"70176312 - 2006 - Confirmation and calibration of computer modeling of tsunamis produced by Augustine volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T17:44:59","indexId":"70176312","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3351,"text":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Confirmation and calibration of computer modeling of tsunamis produced by Augustine volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"This study evaluated the potential effects of different concentrations of bleached/unbleached kraft mill effluent (B/UKME) on several reproductive endpoints in adult largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The kraft mill studied produces a 50/50 mix of bleached/unbleached market pulp with an estimated release of 36 million gal of effluent/day. Bleaching sequences were C90d10EopHDp and CEHD for softwood (pines) and hardwoods (mainly tupelo, gums, magnolia, and water oaks), respectively. Bass were exposed to different effluent concentrations (0 [controls, exposed to well water], 10, 20, 40, or 80%) for either 28 or 56 days. At the end of each exposure period, fish were euthanized, gonads collected for histological evaluation and determination of gonadosomatic index (GSI), and plasma was analyzed for 17β-estradiol, 11-ketotestosterone, and vitellogenin (VTG). Largemouth bass exposed to B/UKME responded with changes at the biochemical level (decline in sex steroids in both sexes and VTG in females) that were usually translated into tissue/organ-level responses (declines in GSI in both sexes and in ovarian development in females). Although most of these responses occurred after exposing fish to 40% B/UKME concentrations or greater, some were observed after exposures to 20% B/UKME. These threshold concentrations fall within the 60% average yearly concentration of effluent that exists in the stream near the point of discharge (Rice Creek), but are above the <10% effluent concentration present in the St. Johns River. The chemical(s) responsible for such changes as well as their mode(s) of action remain unknown at this time.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.1007/s002440010274","usgsCitation":"Nemeth, N.M., Hahn, D., Gould, D.H., and Bowen, R.A., 2006, Experimental West Nile virus infection in Eastern Screech Owls (Megascops asio): Avian Diseases, v. 50, no. 2, p. 252-258, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010274.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"258","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"St. Johns River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.16125488281249,\n 28.270520445825415\n ],\n [\n -80.738525390625,\n 28.270520445825415\n ],\n [\n -80.738525390625,\n 30.5764500266181\n ],\n [\n -82.16125488281249,\n 30.5764500266181\n ],\n [\n -82.16125488281249,\n 28.270520445825415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9337","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nemeth, Nicole M","contributorId":270049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nemeth","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":342253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hahn, D. Caldwell 0000-0002-5242-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2059","contributorId":26055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D. Caldwell","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gould, D. H.","contributorId":24471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gould","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowen, R. A.","contributorId":80623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70208079,"text":"70208079 - 2006 - The Hayward fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-27T12:56:15","indexId":"70208079","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-27T12:34:07","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1724,"text":"GSA Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Hayward fault","docAbstract":"This field guide consists of eleven stops at sites that illustrate the geological, geophysical, geographic, and engineering aspects of the Hayward fault in the East Bay. Section I (Stops 1–4) consists of stops that are part of the University of California at Berkeley (UC-Berkeley), including research facilities, retrofit of campus buildings, and geomorphic features along the fault. Section II (Stops 5 and 6) consists of stops along the Hayward fault north of the UC-Berkeley main campus, and Section III (stops 7–11) consists of stops related to the Hayward fault south of the UC-Berkeley main campus (Fig. 1). Stops are designed to illustrate geomorphic features of the fault, the effects of fault creep on structures sited on the fault, and retrofit design of structures to mitigate potential future deformation due to fault rupture.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/2006.1906SF(17)","usgsCitation":"Sloan, D., Wells, D., Borchardt, G., Caulfield, J., Doolin, D., Eidinger, J., Gee, L., Graymer, R.W., Hellweg, P., Kropp, A.L., Lienkaemper, J., Rabamad, C., Sitar, N., Stenner, H.D., Tobriner, S., Tsztoo, D., and Zoback, M., 2006, The Hayward fault: GSA Field Guides, v. 7, p. 273-331, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906SF(17).","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"331","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Hayward Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n 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Glenn","contributorId":34430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchardt","given":"Glenn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caulfield, John","contributorId":221821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caulfield","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doolin, D.M.","contributorId":221822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doolin","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eidinger, J.","contributorId":221823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eidinger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gee, Lind 0000-0003-2883-9847 lgee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2883-9847","contributorId":193064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"Lind","email":"lgee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Graymer, Russell W. 0000-0003-4910-5682 rgraymer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-5682","contributorId":1052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"Russell","email":"rgraymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hellweg, Peggy","contributorId":102389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hellweg","given":"Peggy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kropp, Alan L.","contributorId":91890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kropp","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lienkaemper, James jlienk@usgs.gov","contributorId":139581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rabamad, Charles","contributorId":221824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rabamad","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sitar, N.","contributorId":105092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sitar","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Stenner, Heidi D.","contributorId":35868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenner","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Tobriner, Stephen","contributorId":221825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobriner","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Tsztoo, David","contributorId":221826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsztoo","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Zoback, M.L.","contributorId":12982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70242633,"text":"70242633 - 2006 - Hurricane-induced landslide activity on an alluvial fan along Meadow Run, Shenandoah Valley, Virginia (eastern USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-11T15:56:22.982583","indexId":"70242633","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-10T10:46:14","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hurricane-induced landslide activity on an alluvial fan along Meadow Run, Shenandoah Valley, Virginia (eastern USA)","docAbstract":"Although intense rainfall and localized flooding occurred as Hurricane Isabel tracked inland northwestardly across the Blue Ridge Mountains of central Virginia on September 18–19, 2003, few landslides occurred. However, the hurricane reactivated a dormant landslide along a bluff of an incised alluvial fan along Meadow Run on the western flanks of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Subsequent monitoring showed retrogressive movement involving several landslide blocks for the next several months. Using dendrochronology, aerial photography, and stream discharge records revealed periods of landslide activity. The annual variation of growth rings on trees within the landslide suggested previous slope instability in 1937, 1972, 1993, 1997, and 1999, which correlated with periods of local flood events. The avulsive and migrating nature of Meadow Run, combined with strong erosional force potential during flood stages, indicates that landslides are common along the bluff-channel bank interface, locally posing landslide hazards to relatively few structures within this farming region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-005-0029-5","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, G.F., Eaton, L.S., Yanosky, T.M., and Turner, E., 2006, Hurricane-induced landslide activity on an alluvial fan along Meadow Run, Shenandoah Valley, Virginia (eastern USA): Landslides, v. 3, p. 95-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-005-0029-5.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"106","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Meadow Run, Shenandoah Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.39701926030709,\n 38.35198374583453\n ],\n [\n -79.39701926030709,\n 37.71374338475785\n ],\n [\n -78.83264915084368,\n 37.71374338475785\n ],\n [\n -78.83264915084368,\n 38.35198374583453\n ],\n [\n -79.39701926030709,\n 38.35198374583453\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Gerald F.","contributorId":81889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eaton, L. Scott lse5a@usgs.gov","contributorId":67582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"L.","email":"lse5a@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":869191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yanosky, Thomas M.","contributorId":40589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turner, Eric","contributorId":101145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207715,"text":"70207715 - 2006 - Geology of Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, New Jersey-Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-15T15:26:01.917941","indexId":"70207715","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-07T14:17:03","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1724,"text":"GSA Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, New Jersey-Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Many of the parks within the National Park System owe their uniqueness to their geologic framework. Their scenery is the result of diverse natural processes acting upon a variety of rocks that were deposited in varied environments in the geologic past. The Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area (DEWA) contains a rich geologic and cultural history within its 68,714 acre boundary. Following the border between New Jersey and Pennsylvania, the Delaware River has cut a magnificent gorge through Kit-tantinny Mountain, the Delaware Water Gap, to which all other gaps in the Appalachian Mountains have been compared. Proximity to many institutions of learning in this densely populated area of the northeastern United States (Fig. 1) makes DEWA an ideal locality to study the geology of this part of the Appalachian Mountains. This one-day field trip comprises two stops within the gap itself and will include discussion on stratigraphy, structure, geomorphology, and glacial geology. The first stop will be at the bottom of the gap in Pennsylvania to look at the magnificent exposures in the cleft on the New Jersey side. This will be followed by a traverse to the top of Mount Tammany along a popular trail, where we will compare the geology across the river in Pennsylvania. Much of the information presented in this guidebook is summarized from Epstein (2001a, 2001b, 2001c) and Epstein and Lyttle (2001).
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/2006.fld008(04)","usgsCitation":"Epstein, J.B., 2006, Geology of Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, New Jersey-Pennsylvania: GSA Field Guides, v. 8, p. 47-63, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.fld008(04).","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"63","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371046,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.34423828125,\n 41.17038447781618\n ],\n [\n -74.542236328125,\n 41.17038447781618\n ],\n [\n -74.542236328125,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -75.34423828125,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -75.34423828125,\n 41.17038447781618\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Epstein, Jack B. jepstein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack","email":"jepstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207422,"text":"70207422 - 2006 - Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenetic evolution of pericratonic terranes in Yukon, northern British Columbia and eastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T09:49:12","indexId":"70207422","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-02T09:46:42","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3458,"text":"Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenetic evolution of pericratonic terranes in Yukon, northern British Columbia and eastern Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Association of Canada","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.L., Colpron, M., Piercey, S., Dusel-Bacon, C., Murphy, D., and Roots, C., 2006, Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenetic evolution of pericratonic terranes in Yukon, northern British Columbia and eastern Alaska: Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada, v. 45, p. 323-360.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"360","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":370464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sjpgeoconsulting.com/SJPGeoConsulting/Publications.html"}],"country":"United States, Canada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.115234375,\n 55.62799595426723\n ],\n [\n -140.537109375,\n 59.5343180010956\n ],\n [\n -127.61718749999999,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -120.14648437499999,\n 58.859223547066584\n ],\n [\n -120.76171875,\n 69.65708627301174\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 69.53451763078358\n ],\n [\n -161.3671875,\n 70.55417853776078\n ],\n [\n -158.115234375,\n 55.62799595426723\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, JoAnne L.","contributorId":221362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"JoAnne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colpron, Maurice","contributorId":221363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colpron","given":"Maurice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piercey, Stephen","contributorId":221364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piercey","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murphy, Donald","contributorId":221365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roots, Charlie","contributorId":221366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roots","given":"Charlie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70207418,"text":"70207418 - 2006 - Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenic evolution of the pericratonic rocks of east-central Alaska and adjacent Yukon Territory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T09:26:14","indexId":"70207418","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-02T09:18:55","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3458,"text":"Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenic evolution of the pericratonic rocks of east-central Alaska and adjacent Yukon Territory","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Association of Canada","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.L., Colpron, M., Piercey, S., Dusel-Bacon, C., Murphy, D., and Roots, C., 2006, Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenic evolution of the pericratonic rocks of east-central Alaska and adjacent Yukon Territory: Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada, v. 45, p. 25-74.","productDescription":"50 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"74","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":370459,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sjpgeoconsulting.com/SJPGeoConsulting/Publications.html"}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Territory ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.599609375,\n 61.10078883158897\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 61.10078883158897\n ],\n [\n -122.958984375,\n 59.7563950493563\n ],\n [\n -122.431640625,\n 64.69910544204765\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 68.5924865825295\n ],\n [\n -154.599609375,\n 68.5924865825295\n ],\n [\n -154.599609375,\n 61.10078883158897\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, JoAnne L.","contributorId":221362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"JoAnne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colpron, Maurice","contributorId":221363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colpron","given":"Maurice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piercey, Stephen","contributorId":221364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piercey","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murphy, Donald","contributorId":221365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roots, Charlie","contributorId":221366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roots","given":"Charlie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70129678,"text":"70129678 - 2006 - Sri Lanka field survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T15:27:23","indexId":"70129678","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T15:23:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sri Lanka field survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami","docAbstract":"An International Tsunami Survey Team (ITST) consisting of scientists from the United States, New Zealand, and Sri Lanka evaluated the impacts of the 26 December 2004 transoceanic tsunami in Sri Lanka two weeks after the event. Tsunami runup height, inundation distance, morphological changes, and sedimentary characteristics of deposits were recorded and analyzed along the southwest and east coasts of the country. Preliminary results show how local topography and bathymetry controlled the limits of inundation and associated damage to the infrastructure. The largest wave height of 8.71 m was recorded at Nonagama, while the greatest inundation distance of 390 m and runup height of 12.50 m was at Yala. At some sites, human alterations to the landscape increased the damage caused by the tsunami; this was particularly evident in areas of coral poaching and of sand dune removal.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/1.2205897","usgsCitation":"Goff, J., Liu, P.L., Higman, B., Morton, R., Jaffe, B.E., Fernando, H., Lynett, P., Fritz, H., Synolakis, C., and Fernando, S., 2006, Sri Lanka field survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami: Earthquake Spectra, v. 22, no. S3, p. 155-172, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2205897.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"172","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295748,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2205897"}],"country":"Sri Lanka","volume":"22","issue":"S3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b6a30e4b03653c63fb1e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goff, James","contributorId":87476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Philip L-F.","contributorId":16338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"L-F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higman, Bretwood","contributorId":18696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higman","given":"Bretwood","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morton, Robert","contributorId":85108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fernando, Haindra","contributorId":81431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernando","given":"Haindra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lynett, Patrick","contributorId":24298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynett","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fritz, Hermann","contributorId":106040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritz","given":"Hermann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Synolakis, Costas","contributorId":46026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Synolakis","given":"Costas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fernando, Starin","contributorId":19892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernando","given":"Starin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70242736,"text":"70242736 - 2006 - A field guide to the central, creeping section of the San Andreas fault and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-14T15:29:45.711273","indexId":"70242736","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:21:43","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A field guide to the central, creeping section of the San Andreas fault and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth","docAbstract":"This field trip is along the central section of the San Andreas fault and consists of eight stops that illustrate surface evidence of faulting, in general, and features associated with active fault creep, in particular. Fault creep is slippage along a fault that occurs either in association with small-magnitude earthquakes or without any associated large-magnitude earthquakes. Another aspect of the trip is to highlight where there are multiple fault traces along this section of the San Andreas fault zone in order to gain a better understanding of plate-boundary processes.
The first stop is along the Calaveras fault, part of the San Andreas fault system, at a location where evidence of active fault creep is abundant and readily accessible. The stops that follow are along the San Andreas fault and at convenient locations to present and discuss rock types juxtaposed across the fault that have been transported tens to hundreds of kilometers by right-lateral motion along the San Andreas fault. Stops 6 and 7 are examples of recent studies of different aspects of the fault: drilling into the fault at the depth of repeating magnitude (M) 2 earthquakes with the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) and the geological, geophysical, and seismological study of M 6 earthquakes near the town of Parkfield.
Along with the eight official stops on this field trip are 12 “rolling stops”—sites of geologic interest that add to the understanding of features and processes in the creeping section of the fault. Many of the rolling stops are located where stopping is difficult to dangerous; some of these sites are not appropriate for large vehicles (buses) or groups; some sites are not appropriate for people at all. We include photographs of or from many of these sites to add to the reader's experience without adding too many stops or hazards to the trip.
An extensive set of literature is available for those interested in the San Andreas fault or in the creeping section, in particular. For more scientifically oriented overviews of the fault, see Wallace (1990) and Irwin (1990); for a more generalized overview with abundant, colorful illustrations, see Collier (1999). Although the presence of small sections of the San Andreas fault was known before the great 1906 San Francisco earthquake, it was only after that event and subsequent geologic investigations reported in Lawson (1908) that showed the fault as a long structure, extending all the way from east of Los Angeles into northern California. Prentice (1999) described the importance of the 1908 “Lawson report” and how it pivotally influenced the understanding of the San Andreas. Hill (1981) presented a wonderful introduction to the evolution of thought on the San Andreas. Geologic maps and maps of the most recently active fault trace in the creeping section, or large parts of it, include those by Brown (1970), Dibblee (1971, 1980), and Wagner et al. (2002); detailed geologic maps are discussed at various stops in this guide. Various aspects of the creeping section of the San Andreas fault have been the focus of many geologic field trips in the past few decades. Guidebooks for some of those trips include those by Gribi (1963a, 1963b), Brabb et al. (1966), Rogers (1969), Bucknam and Haller (1989), Harden et al. (2001), and Stoffer (2005).
Features that we see on this trip include offset street curbs, closed depressions (sag ponds), fault scarps (steep slopes formed by movement along a fault), a split and displaced tree, offset fence lines, fresh fractures, and offset road lines (Fig. 3 is a sketch showing some of the landforms that represent deformation by an active fault). We also see evidence of long-term maturity of the San Andreas fault, as indicated by fault features and displaced rock types (Fig. 4). Finally, we will visit sites of ongoing research into the processes associated with earthquakes and their effects. Discussions include drilling into the San Andreas fault at the SAFOD drill site and the 2004 Parkfield earthquake and its effects and implications.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"1906 San Francisco earthquake centennial field guides: Field trips associated with the 100th Anniversary Conference, 18–23 April 2006, San Francisco, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2006.1906SF(16)","usgsCitation":"Rymer, M.J., Hickman, S.H., and Stoffer, P.W., 2006, A field guide to the central, creeping section of the San Andreas fault and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth, chap. of 1906 San Francisco earthquake centennial field guides: Field trips associated with the 100th Anniversary Conference, 18–23 April 2006, San Francisco, California, p. 237-272, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906SF(16).","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"272","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas fault, San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.35810891331525,\n 37.76715362000978\n ],\n [\n -122.40813404443662,\n 37.813275268693474\n ],\n [\n -122.54153439409339,\n 37.78033417141583\n ],\n [\n -122.49150926297227,\n 37.46004402856923\n ],\n [\n -122.0246080391732,\n 37.0951614968714\n ],\n [\n -121.31591868162144,\n 36.29965434878892\n ],\n [\n -120.127820894817,\n 34.540023683554566\n ],\n [\n -118.78131646750728,\n 34.347499825556696\n ],\n [\n -118.35193409204919,\n 35.2784367153961\n ],\n [\n -120.08196532279183,\n 36.67837390563146\n ],\n [\n -121.16584316375358,\n 37.350759538787486\n ],\n [\n -122.02460768331625,\n 37.97118362132461\n ],\n [\n -122.54987156009011,\n 38.194312953785726\n ],\n [\n -122.77915341106268,\n 38.06642498892364\n ],\n [\n -122.56237784287026,\n 37.8363209475297\n ],\n [\n -122.35810891331525,\n 37.76715362000978\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Prentice, Carol S. 0000-0003-3732-3551 cprentice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-3551","contributorId":2676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"Carol","email":"cprentice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869577,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scotchmoor, Judith G.","contributorId":304052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scotchmoor","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869578,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moores, Eldridge M.","contributorId":304053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moores","given":"Eldridge","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869579,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiland, Jon P.","contributorId":304054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kiland","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869580,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hickman, Stephen H. 0000-0003-2075-9615 hickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":2705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","email":"hickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoffer, Philip W.","contributorId":32559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoffer","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029443,"text":"70029443 - 2006 - Unrest in Long Valley Caldera, California, 1978-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T13:28:39","indexId":"70029443","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1785,"text":"Geological Society Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unrest in Long Valley Caldera, California, 1978-2004","docAbstract":"Long Valley Caldera and the Mono-Inyo Domes volcanic field in eastern California lie in a left-stepping offset along the eastern escarpment of the Sierra Nevada, at the northern end of the Owens Valley and the western margin of the Basin and Range Province. Over the last 4 Ma, this volcanic field has produced multiple volcanic eruptions, including the caldera-forming eruption at 760 000 a BP and the recent Mono-Inyo Domes eruptions 500–660 a BP and 250 a BP. Beginning in the late 1970s, the caldera entered a sustained period of unrest that persisted through the end of the century without culminating in an eruption. The unrest has included recurring earthquake swarms; tumescence of the resurgent dome by nearly 80 cm; the onset of diffuse magmatic carbon dioxide emissions around the flanks of Mammoth Mountain on the southwest margin of the caldera; and other indicators of magma transport at mid- to upper-crustal depths. Although we have made substantial progress in understanding the processes driving this unrest, many key questions remain, including the distribution, size, and relation between magma bodies within the mid-to-upper crust beneath the caldera, Mammoth Mountain, and the Inyo Mono volcanic chain, and how these magma bodies are connected to the roots of the magmatic system in the lower crust or upper mantle.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.269.01.02","issn":"03058719","isbn":"1862392110; 9781862392113","usgsCitation":"Hill, D.P., 2006, Unrest in Long Valley Caldera, California, 1978-2004: Geological Society Special Publication, no. 269, p. 1-24, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.269.01.02.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 36.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"269","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbce1e4b08c986b328e56","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Troise C.De Natale G.Kilburn C.R.J.","contributorId":128437,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Troise C.De Natale G.Kilburn C.R.J.","id":536649,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hill, David P. hill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"hill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":422767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2002794,"text":"2002794 - 2006 - Making connections for bird conservation: linking states, provinces & territories to important wintering and breeding grounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:01","indexId":"2002794","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":407,"text":"Partners in Flight Technical Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"4","title":"Making connections for bird conservation: linking states, provinces & territories to important wintering and breeding grounds","docAbstract":"To effectively conserve migratory landbirds, we need to be involved in conservation beyond our political borders. This has been a central tenet of Partners in Flight (PIF) since the initiative began in 1990 with a focus on Nearctic-Neotropical migrants. Implementation of this concept has also been fundamental to the success of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (e.g., NAWMP 2004).\r\n\r\nActions by individual states, provinces and territories are key to the success of PIF efforts at the continental scale, and great progress has been made in recent years though various initiatives. Currently, U.S. state Wildlife Action Plans are outlining a vast array of actions to benefit priority species. However, it is also very important to take action in regions that support these same species at the other end of their migratory movements, to ensure effective protection year-round (Rappole et al. 1983, Webster and Marra 2005, Elliott et al. 2005). For instance, conservation action is needed on the wintering grounds for many birds that breed in Canada and the U.S. but spend a large portion of their annual cycle in Mexico, the West Indies, Central and/or South America.\r\n\r\nIn this document we use maps to summarize migratory connections between individual U.S. states, Canadian provinces & territories and the regions that support the same birds at the other end of migration. The maps give a general picture of where birds go, providing a starting point for targeting action. With this information in hand, decision-makers can explore partnerships and mechanism that would help further conservation action outside their bordersa?|","language":"English","publisher":"Partners in Flight Website","publisherLocation":"Laurel, MD","usgsCitation":"Blancher, P., Jacobs, B., Couturier, A., Beardmore, C., Dettmers, R., Dunn, E.H., Easton, W., Inigo-Elias, E.E., Rich, T., Rosenberg, K., and Ruth, J.M., 2006, Making connections for bird conservation: linking states, provinces & territories to important wintering and breeding grounds: Partners in Flight Technical Series 4, 13 pp., maps, appendices.","productDescription":"13 pp., maps, appendices","startPage":"0","endPage":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":11938,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.partnersinflight.org/pubs/ts/04-Connections","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":197917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649f4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blancher, P.J.","contributorId":58730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blancher","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobs, B.","contributorId":27583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobs","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Couturier, A.","contributorId":93157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couturier","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beardmore, C.J.","contributorId":70882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beardmore","given":"C.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettmers, R.","contributorId":19658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettmers","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunn, Erica H.","contributorId":35841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Easton, W.","contributorId":8580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Easton","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Inigo-Elias, Eduardo E.","contributorId":78438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inigo-Elias","given":"Eduardo","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rich, T.D.","contributorId":16124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rich","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rosenberg, K.V.","contributorId":8198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberg","given":"K.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ruth, J. M.","contributorId":74339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruth","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":1004029,"text":"1004029 - 2006 - Field responses of Prunus serotina and Asclepias syriaca to ozone around southern Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-04T15:26:15","indexId":"1004029","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field responses of Prunus serotina and Asclepias syriaca to ozone around southern Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Higher ozone concentrations east of southern Lake Michigan compared to west of the lake were used to test hypotheses about injury and growth effects on two plant species. We measured approximately 1000 black cherry trees and over 3000 milkweed stems from 1999 to 2001 for this purpose. Black cherry branch elongation and milkweed growth and pod formation were significantly higher west of Lake Michigan while ozone injury was greater east of Lake Michigan. Using classification and regression tree (CART) analyses we determined that departures from normal precipitation, soil nitrogen and ozone exposure/peak hourly concentrations were the most important variables affecting cherry branch elongation, and milkweed stem height and pod formation. The effects of ozone were not consistently comparable with the effects of soil nutrients, weather, insect or disease injury, and depended on species. Ozone SUM06 exposures greater than 13 ppm-h decreased cherry branch elongation 18%; peak 1-h exposures greater than 93 ppb reduced milkweed stem height 13%; and peak 1-h concentrations greater than 98 ppb reduced pod formation 11% in milkweed. Decreased cherry branch elongation, milkweed stem height and pod production, and foliar injury on both species occurred at sites around southern Lake Michigan at ozone exposures of 13 SUM06 ppm-h and 93a??98 ppb peak hourly.
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P.","contributorId":52103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jepsen, E.A.","contributorId":92219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jepsen","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roth, J.A.","contributorId":17584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1001083,"text":"1001083 - 2006 - Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-09T17:06:38.303293","indexId":"1001083","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Previous (1992–1994) surveys for native freshwater mussels (Unionidae) along main channels of the Detroit River showed that unionids had been extirpated from all but four sites in the upper reaches of the river due to impacts of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis). These four sites were surveyed again in 1998 using the same sampling method (timed-random searches) to determine if they may serve as “refugia” where unionids and dreissenids co-exist. Two additional sites were sampled using additional methods (excavated-quadrat and line-transect searches) for comparison with unpublished data collected in 1987 and 1990. A total of four individuals of four species (Actinonaias ligamentina, Cyclonaias tuberculata, Lasmigona complanata and Pleurobema sintoxia) were found by timed-random searches at four sites in 1998 compared to 720 individuals of 24 species in 1992 and 39 individuals of 13 species in 1994. Excavated-quadrat and line-transect searches at the two additional sites yielded only one live specimen of Ptychobranchus fasciolaris compared to 288 individuals of 18 species in 1987 and 1990. Results of this study suggest that remaining densities of unionids in channels of the Detroit River are too low to support viable reproducing populations of any species. Therefore, we conclude that unionids have been extirpated from main channels of the Detroit River due to dreissenid infestation. As the Detroit River was one of the first water bodies in North America to be invaded by dreissenids, it is likely that unionids will also be extirpated from many other rivers and lakes across eastern North America over the next few decades. Resource agencies should be encouraged to implement active management programs to protect remaining unionid populations from zebra mussels.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2006)155[307:EOFMBU]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Schloesser, D.W., Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., Kovalak, W.P., Longton, G.D., and Smithee, R.D., 2006, Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes: American Midland Naturalist, v. 155, no. 2, p. 307-320, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2006)155[307:EOFMBU]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"320","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":412910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Detroit River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.93917557144205,\n 42.36486265488605\n ],\n [\n -83.02386372199643,\n 42.36486265488605\n ],\n [\n -83.02386372199643,\n 42.321294249119575\n ],\n [\n -82.93917557144205,\n 42.321294249119575\n ],\n [\n -82.93917557144205,\n 42.36486265488605\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"155","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688361","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schloesser, Don W.","contributorId":21485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metcalfe-Smith, Janice L.","contributorId":82267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metcalfe-Smith","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kovalak, William P.","contributorId":77479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovalak","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Longton, Gary D.","contributorId":17199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longton","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smithee, Rick D.","contributorId":100807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smithee","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1016051,"text":"1016051 - 2006 - Effects of historical climate change, habitat connectivity, and vicariance on genetic structure and diversity across the range of the Red Tree Vole (Phenacomys longicaudus) in the Pacific Northwest United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:50","indexId":"1016051","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of historical climate change, habitat connectivity, and vicariance on genetic structure and diversity across the range of the Red Tree Vole (Phenacomys longicaudus) in the Pacific Northwest United States","docAbstract":"Phylogeographical analyses conducted in the Pacific Northwestern United States have often revealed concordant patterns of genetic diversity among taxa. These studies demonstrate distinct North/South genetic discontinuities that have been attributed to Pleistocene glaciation. We examined phylogeographical patterns of red tree voles (Phenacomys longicaudus) in western Oregon by analysing mitochondrial control region sequences for 169 individuals from 18 areas across the species' range. Cytochrome b sequences were also analysed from a subset of our samples to confirm the presence of major haplotype groups. Phylogenetic network analyses suggested the presence of two haplotype groups corresponding to northern and southern regions of P. longicaudus' range. Spatial genetic analyses (samova and Genetic Landscape Shapes) of control region sequences demonstrated a primary genetic discontinuity separating northern and southern sampling areas, while a secondary discontinuity separated northern sampling areas into eastern and western groups divided by the Willamette Valley. The North/South discontinuity likely corresponds to a region of secondary contact between lineages rather than an overt barrier. Although the Cordilleran ice sheet (maximum a??12 000 years ago) did not move southward to directly affect the region occupied by P. longicaudus, climate change during glaciation fragmented the forest landscape that it inhabits. Signatures of historical fragmentation were reflected by positive associations between latitude and variables such as Tajima's D and patterns associated with location-specific alleles. Genetic distances between southern sampling areas were smaller, suggesting that forest fragmentation was reduced in southern vs. northern regions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Bellinger, R., Forsman, E., and Haig, S.M., 2006, Effects of historical climate change, habitat connectivity, and vicariance on genetic structure and diversity across the range of the Red Tree Vole (Phenacomys longicaudus) in the Pacific Northwest United States: Molecular Ecology, v. 15, no. 1, p. 145-159.","productDescription":"p. 145-159","startPage":"145","endPage":"159","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6881ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bellinger, R.M.","contributorId":11577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bellinger","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forsman, E.D.","contributorId":88324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forsman","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1016410,"text":"1016410 - 2006 - Phylogeography and genetic identification of the newly-discovered populations of torrent salamanders (Rhyacotriton cascade and R. variegatus) in the central Cascades (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-15T13:49:20.547791","indexId":"1016410","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogeography and genetic identification of the newly-discovered populations of torrent salamanders (Rhyacotriton cascade and R. variegatus) in the central Cascades (USA)","docAbstract":"Newly discovered populations of Rhyacotritonidae were investigated for taxonomic identity, hybridization, and sympatry. Species in the genus Rhyacotriton have been historically difficult to identify using morphological characters. Mitochondrial (mtDNA) 16S ribosomal RNA sequences (491 bp) and allozymes (6 loci) were used to identify the distribution of populations occurring intermediate between the previously described ranges of R. variegatus and R. cascadae in the central Cascade Mountain region of Oregon. Allozyme and mitochondrial sequence data both indicated the presence of two distinct evolutionary lineages, with each lineage corresponding to the allopatric distribution of R. cascadae and R. variegatus. Results suggest the Willamette River acts as a phylogeographic barrier limiting the distribution of both species, although we cannot exclude the possibility that reproductive isolation also exists that reinforces species' distributions. This study extends the previously described geographical ranges of both R. cascadae and R. variegatus and defines an eastern range limit for R. variegatus conservation efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1655/04-52.1","usgsCitation":"Wagner, R., Miller, M.P., and Haig, S.M., 2006, Phylogeography and genetic identification of the newly-discovered populations of torrent salamanders (Rhyacotriton cascade and R. variegatus) in the central Cascades (USA): Herpetologica, v. 62, no. 1, p. 63-70, https://doi.org/10.1655/04-52.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"70","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.72802734375,\n 46.3507193554773\n ],\n [\n -122.772216796875,\n 46.3507193554773\n ],\n [\n -122.772216796875,\n 47.148633511301426\n ],\n [\n -123.72802734375,\n 47.148633511301426\n ],\n [\n -123.72802734375,\n 46.3507193554773\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685d17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, R.S.","contributorId":57427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79481,"text":"ofr20061336 - 2006 - History of the Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T14:08:50","indexId":"ofr20061336","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1336","title":"History of the Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey’s Fort Collins Science Center (\"the Center\") has been a nucleus of research, technology development, and associated scientific activities within the Department of the Interior for more than 30 years. The Center’s historical activities are deeply rooted in federal biological resources research and its supporting disciplines, particularly as they relate to the needs of the U.S. Department of the Interior and its resource management agencies. The organizational framework and activities of the Center have changed and adapted over the years in response to shifts in the scientific issues and challenges facing the U.S. Department of the Interior and with the development of new strategies to meet these challenges. Thus, the history of the Center has been dynamic.
\nThe Center has been nested within the U.S. Geological Survey since 1996. From 1993 to 1996 the Center was a major unit of the National Biological Service (named the National Biological Survey at its inception). This was a period of great organizational flux. During that time the Center comprised multiple field stations and science functions that prior to 1993 had been scattered among the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, the National Park Service, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In 1993, certain biological research components of these agencies were assigned to join with the National Ecology Research Center, formerly one of the major research and development hubs of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This was the year when biological resources research in the U.S. Department of the Interior was consolidated by the Secretary of the Interior, who in an April 1993 memo explaining his intentions wrote, \"Our Department has, without doubt, the best biologists in the world.\" Soon after formation of the new agency, the Center was re-named the Midcontinent Ecological Science Center, reflecting its geographic location within the new Midcontinent administrative region of the National Biological Service (the other three original administrative regions were the eastern, western, and southern). The change in name to the Fort Collins Science Center took place in 2002, soon after the center moved to new facilities on the Colorado State University Natural Resources Research Campus.
\nAt various times during the period when it was part of the National Biological Service (1993–96), the Center served as the administrative and programmatic home base for a wide number of science activities in numerous Western states (table 1). This reflected the previous fragmentation of biological and related science efforts across resource management agencies in the U.S. Department of the Interior. The organization of the 2 Center within the National Biological Service was a manifestation of the desire of the Secretary of the Interior to consolidate its biological science activities in administratively independent entities that would ensure that the science retained its objectivity. Congress later recognized the need to maintain a hierarchical independence between biological science and resource management in the Department. However, Congress also saw that the U.S. Geological Survey, with its long history of objective science support to the nation in geology, water resources, geography, and remote sensing, was a suitable alternative home for these biological science functions. Thus, in 1996 Congress transferred the biological resources functions of the National Biological Service to the U.S. Geological Survey. Detailed overviews and opinions about the history and policy issues surrounding the formation and subsequent fate of the National Biological Service can be found elsewhere (for example Cohn, 1993, 2005; Kaufman, 1993; Kreeger, 1994; Pulliam, 1995, 1998a,b; Reichhardt, 1994; Wagner, 1999)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061336","usgsCitation":"O'Shea, T., 2006, History of the Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1336, iii, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061336.","productDescription":"iii, 27 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194581,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061336.PNG"},{"id":320224,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1336/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bfed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. (compiler)","contributorId":61117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J. (compiler)","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187738,"text":"70187738 - 2006 - Interrelationships of Denali's large mammal community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T13:57:23","indexId":"70187738","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":691,"text":"Alaska Park Science","printIssn":"1545- 496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interrelationships of Denali's large mammal community","docAbstract":"Along with its sweeping mountain landscapes, Denali National Park and Preserve (Denali) is probably best known for opportunities to observe the large mammals common to Interior Alaska. Locally known as the “Big Five,” gray wolves (Canis lupus), grizzly bears (Ursus arctos),moose (Alces alces), caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and Dall sheep (Ovis dalli) have coexisted in the region for millennia. While many other animals occur in Denali, none are as readily associated with the park environment as these species.
In addition to the opportunities for viewing or photographing Interior Alaska’s large mammals, Denali is a great natural laboratory to study the species and their interrelationships. Unlike the rest of Interior Alaska, the Denali carnivore/ungulate community has been little affected by human harvests for several decades, and interactions of these species are driven largely by natural phenomena. It is a common perception that large mammals are “abundant” within the protected confines of the park boundaries, but that is not the case. Throughout much of Interior Alaska, large mammals occur at low densities naturally, and Denali is no exception. Although Denali encompasses over 6,600 square miles (17,100 km2 ) of suitable habitat, currently about 100 wolves, 350 grizzly bears, 2,000 caribou, 1,900 moose, and 1,800 Dall sheep occur there. In comparison, areas of the Tanana Flats and northern Alaska Range adjacent to Denali on the east have long been managed for human harvests, and moose occur there at about six times the density of Denali.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. National Park Service","issn":"1545-4967 ","usgsCitation":"Adams, L., Meier, T.J., Owen, P., and Roffler, G.H., 2006, Interrelationships of Denali's large mammal community: Alaska Park Science, v. 5, no. 1, p. 36-40.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"40","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341371,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341370,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/articles/aps-v5-i1-c9.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":" Denali National Park and Preserve","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fcde4b0a7fdb43ddf02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meier, Thomas J.","contributorId":37192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Owen, Patricia","contributorId":169029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Owen","given":"Patricia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roffler, Gretchen H. groffler@usgs.gov","contributorId":1946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roffler","given":"Gretchen","email":"groffler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173966,"text":"sim2911 - 2006 - Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface in East Nottingham and West Nottingham Townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania, April through June 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T13:47:59","indexId":"sim2911","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2911","title":"Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface in East Nottingham and West Nottingham Townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania, April through June 2004","docAbstract":"Since 1984, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has been mapping the altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface in Chester County as part of an ongoing cooperative program to measure and describe the water resources of the county. Areas where the potentiometric surface has been mapped are shown on figure 1. These maps can be used to determine the general direction of ground-water flow and are frequently referenced by municipalities and developers to evaluate ground-water conditions for water supply and resource-protection requirements (Wood, 1998).
\nThe maps shows the potentiometric surface for an area along the western boundary of Chester County that includes parts of East Nottingham and West Nottingham Townships. The study area is mostly uderlain by metamorphic rocks of the Peters Creek Schist and Wissahickon Formation(Sloto, 1994). Ground water is obtained from these bedrock formations by wells that intercept fractures.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim2911","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority","usgsCitation":"Hale, L.B., 2006, Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface in East Nottingham and West Nottingham Townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania, April through June 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2911, 36.34 x 27.39 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2911.","productDescription":"36.34 x 27.39 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim2911.PNG"},{"id":324124,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2911/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennslyvania","county":"Chester County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.13868713378906,\n 39.72197606377427\n ],\n [\n -76.13748550415039,\n 39.72620102617506\n ],\n [\n -76.13439559936523,\n 39.72818138818587\n ],\n [\n -76.13027572631836,\n 39.72804936582149\n ],\n [\n -76.12667083740234,\n 39.72672912827311\n ],\n [\n -76.12358093261719,\n 39.72422060728233\n ],\n [\n -76.11911773681639,\n 39.72554089286434\n ],\n [\n -76.11911773681639,\n 39.730029674741864\n ],\n [\n -76.12066268920898,\n 39.733594087452055\n ],\n [\n -76.11928939819336,\n 39.73636628102751\n ],\n [\n -76.11465454101562,\n 39.73702631068332\n ],\n [\n -76.11190795898436,\n 39.735574237097275\n ],\n [\n -76.1129379272461,\n 39.72897351706311\n ],\n [\n -76.1052131652832,\n 39.72580494694705\n ],\n [\n -76.09371185302734,\n 39.7339901219319\n ],\n [\n -76.10057830810547,\n 39.73940236510908\n ],\n [\n -76.1000633239746,\n 39.745342142783954\n ],\n [\n -76.09439849853516,\n 39.74257031025014\n ],\n [\n -76.08221054077148,\n 39.75154536393759\n ],\n [\n -76.0854721069336,\n 39.75656032588022\n ],\n [\n -76.0828971862793,\n 39.76025532735552\n ],\n [\n -76.07585906982422,\n 39.761838838729226\n ],\n [\n -75.948486328125,\n 39.766853051187304\n ],\n [\n -75.93544006347656,\n 39.72197606377427\n ],\n [\n -76.13868713378906,\n 39.72197606377427\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913afe4b07657d19fef8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hale, Lindsay B.","contributorId":78833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hale","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70028482,"text":"70028482 - 2006 - Assessment of gamete quality for the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) by use of fluorescent dyes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-26T10:48:22","indexId":"70028482","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1349,"text":"Cryobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Assessment of gamete quality for the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) by use of fluorescent dyes","title":"Assessment of gamete quality for the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) by use of fluorescent dyes","docAbstract":"Evaluation of sperm motility is the single most widely used parameter to determine semen quality in mammals and aquatic species. While a good indicator for fresh sperm viability, post-thaw motility is not always effective at predicting fertilizing ability. Techniques using fluorescent dyes can assess functionality of mammalian sperm, but have not been widely applied in aquatic organisms. The eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica is an important mollusk in the United States, and cryopreservation protocols have been developed to preserve sperm and larvae to assist research and hatchery production. In this study, protocols were developed to assess sperm cell membrane integrity and mitochondrial function by flow cytometry and to assess viability of eggs by fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescent dyes SYBR 14 and propidium iodide (PI) (to assess membrane integrity) and rhodamine 123 (R123) (to assess mitochondrial membrane potential) were used to evaluate the quality of thawed oyster sperm previously cryopreserved with different cryoprotectant and thawing treatments. Membrane integrity results were correlated with motility of thawed sperm and mitochondrial membrane potential with fertilizing ability. Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) was used to assess cytotoxicity of cryoprotectant solutions and post-thaw damage to oyster eggs. The results indicated that membrane integrity (P = 0.004) and thawing treatments (P = 0.04), and mitochondrial membrane potential (P = 0.0015) were correlated with motility. Fertilizing ability was correlated with cryoprotectant treatments (P = 0.0258) and with mitochondrial membrane potential (P = 0.001). The dye FDA was useful in indicating structural integrity of fresh and thawed eggs. Exposure of eggs, without freezing, to dimethyl sulfoxide yielded higher percentages of stained eggs and fertilization rate than did exposure to propylene glycol (P = 0.002). Thawed eggs were not stained with FDA (<1%) and larvae were not produced.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2006.05.001","issn":"00112240","usgsCitation":"Paniagua-Chavez, C.G., Jenkins, J., Segovia, M., and Tiersch, T., 2006, Assessment of gamete quality for the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) by use of fluorescent dyes: Cryobiology, v. 53, no. 1, p. 128-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2006.05.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210354,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2006.05.001"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee31e4b0c8380cd49c06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paniagua-Chavez, C. G.","contributorId":9842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paniagua-Chavez","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenkins, J. 0000-0002-5087-0894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":73808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Segovia, M.","contributorId":68507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segovia","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tiersch, T.R.","contributorId":76051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiersch","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028529,"text":"70028529 - 2006 - Shifting covariability of North American summer monsoon precipitation with antecedent winter precipitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028529","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting covariability of North American summer monsoon precipitation with antecedent winter precipitation","docAbstract":"Previous research has suggested that a general inverse relation exists between winter precipitation in the southwestern United states (US) and summer monsoon precipitation. In addition, it has been suggested that this inverse relation between winter precipitation and the magnitude of the southwestern US monsoon breaks down under certain climatic conditions that override the regional winter/monsoon precipitation relations. Results from this new study indicate that the winter/monsoon precipitation relations do not break down, but rather shift location through time. The strength of winter/monsoon precipitation relations, as indexed by 20-year moving correlations between winter precipitation and monsoon precipitation, decreased in Arizona after about 1970, but increased in New Mexico. The changes in these correlations appear to be related to an eastward shift in the location of monsoon precipitation in the southwestern US. This eastward shift in monsoon precipitation and the changes in correlations with winter precipitation also appear to be related to an eastward shift in July/August atmospheric circulation over the southwestern US that resulted in increased monsoon precipitation in New Mexico. Results also indicate that decreases in sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) in the central North Pacific Ocean also may be associated with th changes in correlations between winter and monsoon precipitation. Copyright ?? 2006 Royal Meteorological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Climatology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/joc.1304","issn":"08998418","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., and Clark, M., 2006, Shifting covariability of North American summer monsoon precipitation with antecedent winter precipitation: International Journal of Climatology, v. 26, no. 8, p. 991-999, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1304.","startPage":"991","endPage":"999","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209707,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1304"}],"volume":"26","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e6ee4b08c986b31892f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028569,"text":"70028569 - 2006 - A 16-year record of eolian dust in Southern Nevada and California, USA: Controls on dust generation and accumulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028569","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 16-year record of eolian dust in Southern Nevada and California, USA: Controls on dust generation and accumulation","docAbstract":"An ongoing project monitors modern dust accumulation in the arid southwestern United States to (1) determine the rate and composition of dust inputs to soils and (2) relate dust accumulation to weather patterns to help predict the effects of climate change on dust production and accumulation. The 16-year records of 35 dust-trap sites in the eastern Mojave Desert and southern Great Basin reveal how generation and accumulation of dust, including the silt-clay, carbonate, and soluble-salt fractions, is affected by the amount and seasonal distribution of rainfall and the behavior of different source types (alluvium, dry playas, and wet playas). Accumulation rates (fluxes) of the silt-clay fraction of dust, including carbonates, range from about 2-20 g/m2/yr. Average rates are higher in the southern part of the study area (south of latitude 36.5??N) and annually fluctuate over a larger range than rates in the northern part of the area. Sites throughout the study area show peaks in dust flux in the 1984-1985 sampling period and again in 1997-1999; northern sites also show increased flux in 1987-1988 and southern sites in 1989-1991. These peaks of dust flux correspond with both La Nina (dry) conditions and with strong El Nino (wet) periods. The accumulation rates of different components of mineral dusts fluctuate differently. For example, soluble-salt flux increases in 1987-1988, coincident with a moderate El Nino event, and increases very strongly in 1997-1999, overlapping with a strong El Nino event. Both of these high-rainfall winters were preceded and accompanied by strong summer rains. In contrast, little or no change in soluble-salt flux occurred during other periods of high winter rainfall but little summer rain, e.g. 1992-1995. The differences between northern vs. southern sites and between sites with playa dust sources vs. alluvial dust sources indicate that regional differences in the response of precipitation and vegetation growth to ENSO influence and differences in the response of source types control dust production and accumulation. A major factor is the hydrologic condition of surface sediments. The silt-clay and soluble-salt fluxes increased during the El Nino events of 1987-1988 and 1997-1998 at sites close to \"wet\" playas with shallow depths to groundwater (<10 m), consistent with the concept that active evaporative concentration of salts disrupts surface crusts and increases the susceptibility of surface sediment to deflation. The silt-clay flux also increased during drought periods (1989-1991, 1995-1997) at sites downwind of alluvial sources and \"dry\" playas with deeper groundwater (<10 m). These increases are probably related to the die-off of drought-stressed vegetation on alluvial sediments, and in some cases to local runoff events that deliver fresh sediment to playa margins and distal portions of alluvial fans. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.03.006","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Reheis, M., 2006, A 16-year record of eolian dust in Southern Nevada and California, USA: Controls on dust generation and accumulation: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 67, no. 3, p. 487-520, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.03.006.","startPage":"487","endPage":"520","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209811,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.03.006"},{"id":236534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2c0e4b0c8380cd45c0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reheis, M.C. 0000-0002-8359-323X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":36128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70028588,"text":"70028588 - 2006 - Aquatic habitats of Canaan Valley, West Virginia: Diversity and environmental threats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028588","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic habitats of Canaan Valley, West Virginia: Diversity and environmental threats","docAbstract":"We conducted surveys of aquatic habitats during the spring and summer of 1995 in Canaan Valley, WV, to describe the diversity of aquatic habitats in the valley and identify issues that may threaten the viability of aquatic species. We assessed physical habitat and water chemistry of 126 ponds and 82 stream sites, and related habitat characteristics to landscape variables such as geology and terrain. Based on our analyses, we found two issues likely to affect the viability of aquatic populations in the valley. The first issue was acid rain and the extent to which it potentially limits the distribution of aquatic and semi-aquatic species, particularly in headwater portions of the watershed. We estimate that nearly 46%, or 56 kilometers of stream, had pH levels that would not support survival and reproduction of Salvelinuw fontinalis (brook trout), one of the most acid-tolerant fishes in the eastern US. The second issue was the influence of Castor canadensis (beaver) activity. In the Canaan Valley State Park portion of the valley, beaver have transformed 4.7 kilometers of stream (approximately 17% of the total) to pond habitat through their dam building. This has resulted in an increase in pond habitat, a decrease in stream habitat, and a fragmented stream network (i.e., beaver ponds dispersed among stream reaches). In addition, beaver have eliminated an undetermined amount of forested riparian area through their foraging activities. Depending on the perspective, beaver-mediated changes can be viewed as positive or negative. Increases in pond habitat may increase habitat heterogeneity with consequent increases in biological diversity. In contrast, flooding associated with beaver activity may eliminate lowland wetlands and associated species, create barriers to fish dispersal, and possibly contribute to low dissolved oxygen levels in the Blackwater River. We recommend that future management strategies for the wildlife refuge be viewed in the context of these two issues, and that the responses of multiple assemblages be incorporated in the design of refuge management plans.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/1092-6194(2006)13[333:AHOCVW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Snyder, C., Young, J., and Stout, B.M., 2006, Aquatic habitats of Canaan Valley, West Virginia: Diversity and environmental threats: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 13, no. 3, p. 333-352, https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2006)13[333:AHOCVW]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"333","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209629,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2006)13[333:AHOCVW]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed0ee4b0c8380cd495cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, C.D.","contributorId":73540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, J.A. 0000-0002-4500-3673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3673","contributorId":37674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stout, B. M. III","contributorId":45499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stout","given":"B.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028597,"text":"70028597 - 2006 - A screening-level assessment of lead, cadmium, and zinc in fish and crayfish from northeastern Oklahoma, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-18T15:47:32","indexId":"70028597","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A screening-level assessment of lead, cadmium, and zinc in fish and crayfish from northeastern Oklahoma, USA","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate potential human and ecological risks associated with metals in fish and crayfish from mining in the Tri-States Mining District (TSMD). Crayfish (Orconectes spp.) and fish of six frequently consumed species (common carp, Cyprinus carpio; channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus; flathead catfish, Pylodictis olivaris; largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides; spotted bass, M. punctulatus; and white crappie, Pomoxis annularis) were collected in 2001-2002 from the Oklahoma waters of the Spring River (SR) and Neosho River (NR), which drain the TSMD. Samples from a mining-contaminated site in eastern Missouri and from reference sites were also analyzed. Individual fish were prepared for human consumption in the manner used locally by Native Americans (headed, eviscerated, and scaled) and analyzed for lead, cadmium, and zinc. Whole crayfish were analyzed as composite samples of 5-60 animals. Metals concentrations were typically higher in samples from sites most heavily affected by mining and lowest in reference samples. Within the TSMD, most metals concentrations were higher at sites on the SR than on the NR and were typically highest in common carp and crayfish than in other taxa. Higher concentrations and greater risk were associated with fish and crayfish from heavily contaminated SR tributaries than the SR or NR mainstems. Based on the results of this and previous studies, the human consumption of carp and crayfish could be restricted based on current criteria for lead, cadmium, and zinc, and the consumption of channel catfish could be restricted due to lead. Metals concentrations were uniformly low in Micropterus spp. and crappie and would not warrant restriction, however. Some risk to carnivorous avian wildlife from lead and zinc in TSMD fish and invertebrates was also indicated, as was risk to the fish themselves. Overall, the wildlife assessment is consistent with previously reported biological effects attributed to metals from the TSMD. The results demonstrate the potential for adverse effects in fish, wildlife, and humans and indicate that further investigation of human health and ecological risks, to include additional exposure pathways and endpoints, is warranted. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","doi":"10.1007/s10653-006-9050-4","issn":"02694042","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, C., Brumbaugh, W.G., Linder, G., and Hinck, J., 2006, A screening-level assessment of lead, cadmium, and zinc in fish and crayfish from northeastern Oklahoma, USA: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 28, no. 5, p. 445-471, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-006-9050-4.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"471","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209733,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-006-9050-4"}],"volume":"28","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e57ae4b0c8380cd46d69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brumbaugh, W. G.","contributorId":106441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linder, G.L.","contributorId":10592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hinck, J.E.","contributorId":47560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028599,"text":"70028599 - 2006 - Modeling movement and fidelity of American black ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028599","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling movement and fidelity of American black ducks","docAbstract":"Spatial relationships among stocks of breeding waterfowl can be an important component of harvest management. Prediction and optimal harvest management under adaptive harvest management (AHM) requires information on the spatial relationships among breeding populations (fidelity and inter-year exchange), as well as rates of movements from breeding to harvest regions. We used band-recovery data to develop a model to estimate probabilities of movement for American black ducks (Anas rubripes) among 3 Canadian breeding strata and 6 harvest regions (3 in Canada, and 3 in the United States) over the period 1965-1998. Model selection criteria suggested that models containing area-, year-, and age-specific recovery rates with area- and sex-specific movement rates were the best for modeling movement. Movement by males to southern harvest areas was variable depending on the originating area. Males from the western breeding area predominantly moved to the Mississippi Flyway or southern Atlantic Flyway (??ij = 0.353, SE = 0.0187 and ??ij = 0.473, SE = 0.037, respectively), whereas males that originated in the eastern and central breeding strata moved to the northern Atlantic flyway (??ij = 0.842, SE = 0.010 and ??ij = 0.578, SE = 0.0222, respectively). We used combined recoveries and recaptures in Program MARK to estimate fidelity to the 3 Canadian breeding strata. Information criteria identified a model containing sex- and age-specific fidelity for black ducks. Estimates of fidelity were 0.9695 (SE = 0.0249) and 0.9554 (SE = 0.0434) for adult males and females, respectively. Estimates of fidelity for juveniles were slightly lower at 0.9210 (SE = 0.0931) and 0.8870 (SE = 0.0475) for males and females, respectively. These models have application to the development of spatially stratified black duck harvest management models for use in AHM.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1770:MMAFOA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Zimpfer, N., and Conroy, M., 2006, Modeling movement and fidelity of American black ducks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 6, p. 1770-1777, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1770:MMAFOA]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"1770","endPage":"1777","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209761,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1770:MMAFOA]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c0ce4b0c8380cd6f9c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimpfer, N.L.","contributorId":74560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimpfer","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}