{"pageNumber":"226","pageRowStart":"5625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":76823,"text":"ds69E_chapter5 - 2006 - Chapter 5. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources-Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":76823,"text":"ds69E_chapter5 - 2006 - Chapter 5. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources-Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","indexId":"ds69E_chapter5","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 5. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources-Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-07T21:20:29.99223","indexId":"ds69E_chapter5","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-E-5","title":"Chapter 5. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources-Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","docAbstract":"The Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak Formation of east Texas and southern Arkansas (and the correlative Hosston Formation of Louisiana and Mississippi) is a basinward-thickening wedge of terrigenous clastic sedimentary rocks that underlies the northern Gulf of Mexico Basin from east Texas across northern Louisiana to southern Mississippi. Clastic detritus was derived from two main fluvial-deltaic depocenters, one in northeastern Texas and the other extending from southeastern Mississippi northwestward into northeastern Louisiana. Across the main hydrocarbon-productive trend in east Texas and northern Louisiana, the Travis Peak and Hosston Formations are about 2,000 ft thick.\nThe most likely sources for hydrocarbons in Travis Peak and Hosston reservoirs are two stratigraphically lower units, lime mudstones of the Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation and organic-rich shales of the Upper Jurassic Bossier Shale of the Cotton Valley Group. As a result of the absence of proximal source rocks and a lack of effective migration pathways from stratigraphically or geographically distant source rocks, hydrocarbon charge is sufficient for development of conventional gas accumulations but insufficient for development of basin-centered gas.\nThe petroleum assessment of the Travis Peak and Hosston Formations was conducted by using a total petroleum system model. A total petroleum system includes all of the important elements of a hydrocarbon fluid system needed to develop oil and gas accumulations, including source and reservoir rocks, hydrocarbon generation, migration, traps and seals, and undiscovered accumulations. A total petroleum system is mappable and may include one or more assessment units. For each assessment unit, reservoir rocks contain similar geology, exploration characteristics, and risk. The Jurassic Smackover Interior Salt Basins Total Petroleum System is defined for this assessment to include (1) Upper Jurassic Smackover carbonates and calcareous shales and organic-rich shales of the Upper Jurassic Bossier Shale of the Cotton Valley Group and (2) Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston Formations. The Jurassic Smackover Interior Salt Basins Total Petroleum System includes three conventional Travis Peak-Hosston assessment units: Travis Peak-Hosston Gas and Oil (AU 50490205), Travis Peak-Hosston Updip Oil (AU 50490206), and Travis Peak-Hosston Hypothetical Updip Oil (AU 50490207). A fourth assessment unit, the Hosston Hypothetical Slope-Basin Gas Assessment Unit, was named and numbered (AU 50490208) but not geologically defined or quantitatively assessed owing to a lack of data. Together, assessment units 50490205 to 50490207 are estimated to contain a mean undiscovered conventional resource of 29 million barrels of oil, 1,136 billion cubic feet of gas, and 22 million barrels of natural gas liquids.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the northern Gulf Coast region (Data Series 69-E)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds69E_chapter5","usgsCitation":"Dyman, T.S., and Condon, S.M., 2006, Chapter 5. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources-Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69-E-5, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69E_chapter5.","productDescription":"43 p.","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[{"id":407,"text":"National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193152,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418783,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76636.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7986,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/REPORTS/69_E_CH_5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":7985,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas. Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.0,\n              29.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.0,\n              29.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.0,\n              34.33\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.0,\n              34.33\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.0,\n              29.6667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5bb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyman, T. 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Executive Summary-2002 assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":76819,"text":"ds69E_chapter2 - 2006 - Chapter 2. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources–Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","indexId":"ds69E_chapter2","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 2. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources–Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":76820,"text":"ds69E_chapter3 - 2006 - Chapter 3. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment--East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover Interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Cotton Valley group","indexId":"ds69E_chapter3","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 3. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment--East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover Interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Cotton Valley group"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":76822,"text":"ds69E_chapter4 - 2006 - Chapter 4. Executive Summary-2002 assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","indexId":"ds69E_chapter4","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 4. Executive Summary-2002 assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":76823,"text":"ds69E_chapter5 - 2006 - Chapter 5. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources-Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","indexId":"ds69E_chapter5","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 5. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources-Lower Cretaceous Travis Peak and Hosston formations, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":76824,"text":"ds69E_chapter6 - 2006 - Chapter 6. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment–East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Travis Peak and Hosston formations","indexId":"ds69E_chapter6","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 6. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment–East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Travis Peak and Hosston formations"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":6},{"subject":{"id":76825,"text":"ds69E_chapter7 - 2006 - Chapter 7. The GIS project for the geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas in the Cotton Valley group and Travis Peak and Hosston formations, East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","indexId":"ds69E_chapter7","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 7. The GIS project for the geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas in the Cotton Valley group and Travis Peak and Hosston formations, East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":7}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-26T18:50:43.522895","indexId":"ds69E","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69","chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","docAbstract":"The purpose of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Oil and Gas Assessment is to develop geologically based hypotheses regarding the potential for additions to oil and gas reserves in priority areas of the United States. The USGS recently completed an assessment of undiscovered oil and gas potential of the Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak and Hosston Formations in the East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces in the Gulf Coast Region (USGS Provinces 5048 and 5049). The Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak and Hosston Formations are important because of their potential for natural gas resources.\r\nThis assessment is based on geologic principles and uses the total petroleum system concept. The geologic elements of a total petroleum system include hydrocarbon source rocks (source rock maturation, hydrocarbon generation and migration), reservoir rocks (sequence stratigraphy and petrophysical properties), and hydrocarbon traps (trap formation and timing). The USGS used this geologic framework to define one total petroleum system and eight assessment units. Seven assessment units were quantitatively assessed for undiscovered oil and gas resources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds69E","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Gulf Coast Region Assessment Team, 2006, Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69, HTML Document; CD-ROM; Data Release: Readme, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69E.","productDescription":"HTML Document; CD-ROM; Data Release: Readme","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":407,"text":"National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192441,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7972,"rank":5,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/READ_ME/69_E_Readme.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":7974,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/chapters.html","text":"Chapters","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7973,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":374244,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70K26MS","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"National Assessment of Oil and Gas - Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formation Assessment Units, Western Gulf and East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces (047, 048 and 049)"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas. 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Executive Summary-2002 assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69-E-1, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69E_chapter1.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":407,"text":"National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194573,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418780,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76636.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7976,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7975,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/REPORTS/69_E_CH_1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas. 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,{"id":76820,"text":"ds69E_chapter3 - 2006 - Chapter 3. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment--East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover Interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Cotton Valley group","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":76820,"text":"ds69E_chapter3 - 2006 - Chapter 3. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment--East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover Interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Cotton Valley group","indexId":"ds69E_chapter3","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 3. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment--East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover Interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Cotton Valley group"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-07T21:23:09.644843","indexId":"ds69E_chapter3","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-E-3","title":"Chapter 3. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment--East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover Interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Cotton Valley group","docAbstract":"This chapter describes data used in support of the process being applied by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Oil and Gas Assessment (NOGA) project. Digital tabular data used in this report and archival data that permit the user to perform further analyses are available elsewhere on the CD-ROM. Computers and software may import the data without transcription from the Portable Document Format files (.pdf files) of the text by the reader. Because of the number and variety of platforms and software available, graphical images are provided as .pdf files and tabular data are provided in a raw form as tab-delimited text files (.tab files).","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the northern Gulf Coast region (Data Series 69-E)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds69E_chapter3","usgsCitation":"Klett, T., and Le, P., 2006, Chapter 3. Tabular data and graphical images in support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Assessment--East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces, Jurassic Smackover Interior salt basins total petroleum system (504902), Cotton Valley group: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69-E-3, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69E_chapter3.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":407,"text":"National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190654,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7980,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7979,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/REPORTS/69_E_CH_3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":418779,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76636.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas. 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,{"id":76819,"text":"ds69E_chapter2 - 2006 - Chapter 2. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources–Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":76819,"text":"ds69E_chapter2 - 2006 - Chapter 2. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources–Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","indexId":"ds69E_chapter2","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter 2. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources–Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":76817,"text":"ds69E - 2006 - Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region","indexId":"ds69E","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley Group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas Basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the Northern Gulf Coast Region"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-07T21:24:54.143746","indexId":"ds69E_chapter2","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-E-2","title":"Chapter 2. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources–Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces","docAbstract":"The Jurassic Smackover Interior Salt Basins Total Petroleum System is defined for this assessment to include (1) Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation carbonates and calcareous shales and (2) Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley Group organic-rich shales. The Jurassic Smackover Interior Salt Basins Total Petroleum System includes four conventional Cotton Valley assessment units: Cotton Valley Blanket Sandstone Gas (AU 50490201), Cotton Valley Massive Sandstone Gas (AU 50490202), Cotton Valley Updip Oil and Gas (AU 50490203), and Cotton Valley Hypothetical Updip Oil (AU 50490204). Together, these four assessment units are estimated to contain a mean undiscovered conventional resource of 29.81 million barrels of oil, 605.03 billion cubic feet of gas, and 19.00 million barrels of natural gas liquids.\n\nThe Cotton Valley Group represents the first major influx of clastic sediment into the ancestral Gulf of Mexico. Major depocenters were located in south-central Mississippi, along the Louisiana-Mississippi border, and in northeast Texas. Reservoir properties and production characteristics were used to identify two Cotton Valley Group sandstone trends across northern Louisiana and east Texas: a high-permeability blanket-sandstone trend and a downdip, low-permeability massive-sandstone trend. Pressure gradients throughout most of both trends are normal, which is characteristic of conventional rather than continuous basin-center gas accumulations. Indications that accumulations in this trend are conventional rather than continuous include (1) gas-water contacts in at least seven fields across the blanket-sandstone trend, (2) relatively high reservoir permeabilities, and (3) high gas-production rates without fracture stimulation. Permeability is sufficiently low in the massive-sandstone trend that gas-water transition zones are vertically extensive and gas-water contacts are poorly defined. The interpreted presence of gas-water contacts within the Cotton Valley massive-sandstone trend, however, suggests that accumulations in this trend are also conventional.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas, Cotton Valley group and Travis Peak-Hosston Formations, East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi Salt Basins Provinces of the northern Gulf Coast region (Data Series 69-E)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds69E_chapter2","usgsCitation":"Dyman, T.S., and Condon, S.M., 2006, Chapter 2. Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources–Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Cotton Valley group, Jurassic Smackover interior salt basins total petroleum system, in the East Texas basin and Louisiana-Mississippi salt basins provinces: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69-E-2, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69E_chapter2.","productDescription":"52 p.","numberOfPages":"52","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":407,"text":"National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192325,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7977,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/REPORTS/69_E_CH_2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":7978,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":418778,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76636.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas. 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,{"id":76785,"text":"ofr20061143 - 2006 - Simulated water budgets and ground-water/surface-water interactions in Bushkill and parts of Monocacy Creek watersheds, Northampton County, Pennsylvania: A preliminary study with identification of data needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-01T19:33:14.011523","indexId":"ofr20061143","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1143","title":"Simulated water budgets and ground-water/surface-water interactions in Bushkill and parts of Monocacy Creek watersheds, Northampton County, Pennsylvania: A preliminary study with identification of data needs","docAbstract":"<p><span>This report, prepared in cooperation with the Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Mineral Resources Management, provides a preliminary analysis of water budgets and generalized ground-water/surface-water interactions for Bushkill and parts of Monocacy Creek watersheds in Northampton County, Pa., by use of a ground-water flow model. Bushkill Creek watershed was selected for study because it has areas of rapid growth, ground-water withdrawals from a quarry, and proposed stream-channel modifications, all of which have the potential for altering ground-water budgets and the interaction between ground water and streams.&nbsp;</span><br><br><span>Preliminary 2-dimensional, steady-state simulations of ground-water flow by the use of MODFLOW are presented to show the status of work through September 2005 and help guide ongoing data collection in Bushkill Creek watershed. Simulations were conducted for (1) predevelopment conditions, (2) a water table lowered for quarry operations, and (3) anthropogenic changes in hydraulic conductivity of the streambed and aquifer. Preliminary results indicated under predevelopment conditions, the divide between the Bushkill and Monocacy Creek ground-water basins may not have been coincident with the topographic divide and as much as 14 percent of the ground-water discharge to Bushkill Creek may have originated from recharge in the Monocacy Creek watershed. For simulated predevelopment conditions, Schoeneck Creek and parts of Monocacy Creek were dry, but Bushkill Creek was gaining throughout all reaches.<span>&nbsp;</span></span><br><br><span>Simulated lowering of the deepest quarry sump to an altitude of 147 feet for quarry operations caused ground-water recharge and streamflow leakage to be diverted to the quarry throughout about 14 square miles and caused reaches of Bushkill and Little Bushkill Creeks to change from gaining to losing streams. Lowering the deepest quarry sump to an altitude of 100 feet caused simulated ground-water discharge to the quarry to increase about 4 cubic feet per second. Raising the deepest sump to an altitude of 200 feet caused the simulated discharge to the quarry to decrease about 14 cubic feet per second.Decreasing the hydraulic conductivity of the streambed of Bushkill Creek in the reach of large losses of flow caused simulated ground-water levels to decline and ground-water discharge to a quarry to decrease from 74 to 45 cubic feet per second.</span><br><br><span>Decreasing the hydraulic conductivity of a hypothesized highly transmissive zone with a plug of relatively impermeable material caused ground-water levels to increase east of the plug and decline west of the plug, and decreased the discharge to a quarry from 74 to 53 cubic feet per second. Preliminary results of the study have significant limitations, which need to be recognized by the user. The results demonstrated the usefulness of ground-water modeling with available data sets, but as more data become available through field studies, a more complete evaluation could be conducted of the preliminary assumptions in the conceptual model, model sensitivity, and effects of boundary conditions. Additional streamflow and ground-water-level measurements would be needed to better quantify recharge and aquifer properties, particularly the anisotropy of carbonate rocks. Measurements of streamflow losses at average, steady-state hydrologic conditions could provide a more accurate estimate of ground-water recharge from this source, which directly affects water budgets and contributing areas simulated by the model.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061143","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Risser, D.W., 2006, Simulated water budgets and ground-water/surface-water interactions in Bushkill and parts of Monocacy Creek watersheds, Northampton County, Pennsylvania: A preliminary study with identification of data needs: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1143, vi, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061143.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science 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,{"id":76759,"text":"sir20065034 - 2006 - Ground-water/surface-water interaction in nearshore areas of Three Lakes on the Grand Portage Reservation, northeastern Minnesota, 2003-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-01T16:02:51","indexId":"sir20065034","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5034","title":"Ground-water/surface-water interaction in nearshore areas of Three Lakes on the Grand Portage Reservation, northeastern Minnesota, 2003-04","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Grand Portage Band of Chippewa Indians, applied three techniques to assess ground-water/surface-water interaction in nearshore areas of three lakes (North, Teal, and Taylor) on the Grand Portage Reservation in northeastern Minnesota. At each lake, analyses of existing aerial photographs, in-situ temperature measurements of shoreline lake sediment, and chemical analyses of surface water and pore water were conducted. Surface-water and pore-water samples were analyzed for major constituents, nutrients, and stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen. Bulk precipitation samples were collected and analyzed (1) for nutrient concentrations to determine nutrient input to the lakes through atmospheric deposition and (2)&nbsp;for stable isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen to determine a meteoric waterline that was needed for the stable isotope analyses of surface-water and pore-water samples.</p>\n<p>Total nitrogen concentrations in the precipitation samples ranged from 0.51 to 8.4 mg/L (milligrams per liter) as nitrogen at the North Lake precipitation station and from 0.42 to 2.3&nbsp;mg/L as nitrogen at the Grand Portage precipitation station. Oxygen-18/oxygen-16 and deuterium/protium isotope ratios for the bulk precipitation samples lie relatively close to a meteoric waterline for northern Wisconsin, except for the ratios for samples collected on May 20, 2004.</p>\n<p>Analyses of existing aerial photographs, nearshore lake-sediment temperatures, and seasonal isotope ratios of surface-water and pore-water samples were the most valuable data for identifying locations of ground-water inflow and surface-water outseepage. Analyses of existing aerial photographs of the three lakes indicated the location of potential inflow channels and lineaments identifying potential ground-water inflow locations for pore-water sampling. Lake-sediment temperatures at potential ground-water inflow locations ranged from 4 to 16&nbsp;&ordm;C, varying between lakes, seasons, and climatic conditions. Major constituent chemistry was valuable at Taylor Lake, and to a limited extent at North and Teal Lakes, in confirming&nbsp;results from the isotope and lake-sediment temperature&nbsp;data.</p>\n<p>Ground-water inflow to North Lake likely occurs along the southwest and south shores, and along portions of the west, southeast, north, and northeast shores. Relatively cool lake-sediment temperatures along the southwest, south, west, and southeast shores, and in isolated beaver channels along the north and northeast shores of North Lake indicate potential ground-water inflow at these locations. Both localized ground-water inflow and surface-water outseepage occurs along portions of the north, northeast, southeast, and south shores, varying seasonally. Conflicting evidence for ground-water flow conditions exist for the northwest and north-northwest&nbsp;pore-water samples. Only minor differences in the major constituent concentrations were seen between the surface-water and pore-water samples from the North Lake area with the exception of iron and manganese concentrations.<br />Ground-water inflow likely takes place along the south-southwest and north shores of Teal Lake, with a mixture of ground-water inflow and surface-water outseepage occurring in other areas of the lake. Cooler lake-sediment temperatures occurred along the south-southwest, west, and northwest shores, portions of the north shore, and in channels identified in aerial photographs throughout the lake, indicating potential ground-water inflow at those locations. Warmer lake-sediment temperatures along the northeast and portions of the southwest and northwest shores of Teal Lake indicate potential locations where surface-water outseepage or little ground- and surface-water interaction occurs. The major constituent concentrations were higher in the pore-water samples collected from the south-southwest and northeast shores of Teal Lake, indicating ground-water inflow. Cation adsorption, cation exchanges with hydrogen ions, and chelation with organic materials occurring in the fen surrounding the lake likely resulted in the low dissolved calcium, magnesium, and sodium concentrations in north, northwest, and west pore-water samples from the Teal Lake area. Pore-water samples from the south-southwest, north, and southwest shores of Teal Lake had isotopic compositions that plotted closest to the meteoric waterline, indicating that little evaporation or transpiration occurred in these samples and that ground-water inflow may be occurring at these locations. Surface-water outseepage from Teal Lake likely occurs along the northeast shore even though major constituent&nbsp;concentrations were high. Major constituent concentrations may be high because of a nearby beaver dam.</p>\n<p>Ground-water inflow to Taylor Lake likely occurs at the north and south pore-water sampling sites. Higher major constituent concentrations and the least evaporative isotope ratios were found in pore-water samples along the south, north, and west shores of Taylor Lake, indicating potential locations of ground-water inflow. However, a combination of warmer and cooler lake-sediment temperatures along the west lowland indicated that ground-water inflow and surface-water outseepage may occur at that location. Surface-water outseepage likely occurs from Taylor Lake along the south shore through a surface-water drainage channel to a downgradient bog. Warmer lake-sediment temperatures along portions of the south and southeast shores indicate that surface-water outseepage may occur at those locations. Both ground-water inflow and surface-water outseepage may occur along the west, southeast, and east shores of Taylor Lake, varying seasonally and with local precipitation.</p>\n<p>Knowledge of general water-flow directions in lake watersheds and how they may change seasonally can help water-quality specialists and lake managers address a variety of water-quality and aquatic habitat protection issues for lakes. Results from this study indicate that ground-water and surface-water interactions at the study lakes are complex, and&nbsp;the ability of the applied techniques to identify ground-water inflow and surface-water outseepage locations varied among the lakes. Measurement of lake-sediment temperatures proved to be a reliable and relatively inexpensive reconnaissance technique that lake managers may apply in complex settings to identify general areas of ground-water inflow and surface-water outseepage.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065034","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Grand Portage Band of Chippewa Indians","usgsCitation":"Jones, P.M., 2006, Ground-water/surface-water interaction in nearshore areas of Three Lakes on the Grand Portage Reservation, northeastern Minnesota, 2003-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5034, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065034.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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,{"id":70210276,"text":"70210276 - 2006 - Phylogeographic analyses suggest multiple lineages of Crystallaria asprella (Percidae: Etheostominae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T16:13:50.940545","indexId":"70210276","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-28T10:54:37","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogeographic analyses suggest multiple lineages of Crystallaria asprella (Percidae: Etheostominae)","docAbstract":"<p><span>The crystal darter,&nbsp;</span><i>Crystallaria asprella</i><span>, exists in geographically isolated populations that may be glacial relicts from its former, wide distribution in the Eastern U.S. An initial phylogeographic survey of&nbsp;</span><i>C. asprella</i><span>&nbsp;based upon the mitochondrial cytochrome&nbsp;</span><i>b</i><span>&nbsp;(cyt&nbsp;</span><i>b</i><span>) gene indicated that there were at least four distinct populations within the species: Ohio River basin, Upper Mississippi River, Gulf coast, and lower Mississippi River. In particular, the most divergent population was the most recently discovered, from the Elk River, WV, in the Ohio River basin, and it was postulated that this population represents an undescribed, potentially threatened species. However, differentiation observed at a single gene region is generally not considered sufficient evidence to establish taxonomic status. In the present study, nucleotide variation at the mitochondrial control region and a nuclear S7 ribosomal gene intron were compared to provide independent verification of phylogeographic results between individuals collected from the same five disjunct populations previously surveyed. Variation between populations at the control region was substantial (except between Gulf drainages) and was concordant with patterns of sequence divergence from cyt&nbsp;</span><i>b</i><span>. Only the Elk River population was resolved as monophyletic based upon nuclear S7, but significant differences based upon Φ</span><sub>ST</sub><span>&nbsp;statistics were observed between most populations. Morphometric data were consistent with molecular data regarding the distinctiveness of the Elk River population. It is proposed that populations of&nbsp;</span><i>C. asprella</i><span>&nbsp;consist of at least four distinct population segments, and that the Elk River group likely constitutes a distinct species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10592-005-5681-8","usgsCitation":"Morrison, C., Lemarie, D.P., Wood, R., and King, T., 2006, Phylogeographic analyses suggest multiple lineages of Crystallaria asprella (Percidae: Etheostominae): Conservation Genetics, v. 7, p. 129-147, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-005-5681-8.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"147","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Minnesota, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": 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R.M.","contributorId":80907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":76744,"text":"ofr20061119 - 2006 - Magnetotelluric survey to locate the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone north of Wells, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:06","indexId":"ofr20061119","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1119","title":"Magnetotelluric survey to locate the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone north of Wells, Nevada","docAbstract":"It is important to know whether major mining districts in the Northern Nevada Gold Province are underlain by rocks of the Archean Wyoming craton, which are known to contain orogenic gold deposits, or by accreted rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Mojave province. It is also important to know the location and orientation of the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone between these provinces as well as major basement structures within these terranes because they may influence subsequent patterns of sedimentation, deformation, magmatism, and hydrothermal activity. The Archean was the main gold-mineralization period, and Archean lode-gold deposits were formed at mid-crustal depths along major shear zones.\r\n\r\nThe nature of the crystalline basement below the Northern Nevada Gold Province and the location of major faults within it are relevant to Rodinian reconstructions, crustal development, and ore deposit models (e.g., Hofstra and Cline, 2000; Grauch and others, 2003). According to Whitmeyer and Karlstrom (2004), the Archean cratons of the northwestern United States and Canada had stabilized as continental lithosphere by 2.5 Ga, and were rifted and assembled into a large continental mass by 1.8 Ga, to which the 1.73-1.68 Ga Mohave province was accreted by 1.65 Ga. The Archean/Proterozoic suture zone has a west-southwest strike where it is exposed (Reed, 1993) at the eastern Utah and southwestern Wyoming border (Cheyenne Belt) where it is characterized by an up to 7-km-thick mylonite zone (Smithson and Boyd, 1998). In the Great Basin, the strike of the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone is poorly constrained because it is largely concealed below a Neoproterozoic-Paleozoic miogeocline and basin fill. East-west and southwest-northeast strikes for the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone have been inferred based on Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions of granitoid intrusions (Tosdal and others, 2000). To better constrain the location and strike of the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone below cover, three regional north-south magnetotelluric (MT) sounding profiles were acquired in western Utah and northeastern Nevada (Williams and Rodriguez, 2003; 2004; 2005), and one east-west MT sounding profile (fig. 1) MT sounding profile was acquired in northeastern Nevada. Resistivity modeling of the MT data can be used to investigate buried structures or sutures that may have influenced subsequent regional fluid flow and localized mineralization. The purpose of this report is to release the MT sounding data collected along the east-west profile in northeastern Nevada; no interpretation of the data is included.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061119","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.M., and Rodriguez, B.D., 2006, Magnetotelluric survey to locate the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone north of Wells, Nevada (Revised and reprinted; Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1119, iii, 93 p.; MT plot appendix [88 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061119.","productDescription":"iii, 93 p.; MT plot appendix [88 p.]","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":438861,"rank":101,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7GH9GW0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Magnetotelluric sounding data, stations 26 to 36, north of Wells, Nevada, 2005"},{"id":192586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7840,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Revised and reprinted; Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6494a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Jackie M.","contributorId":11217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Jackie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Brian D. 0000-0002-2263-611X brod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-611X","contributorId":836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Brian","email":"brod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76690,"text":"sir20055284 - 2006 - Estimation of shallow ground-water recharge in the Great Lakes basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T12:45:10","indexId":"sir20055284","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5284","title":"Estimation of shallow ground-water recharge in the Great Lakes basin","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents the results of the first known integrated study of long-term average ground-water recharge to shallow aquifers (generally less than 100 feet deep) in the United States and Canada for the Great Lakes, upper St. Lawrence, and Ottawa River Basins. The approach used was consistent throughout the study area and allows direct comparison of recharge rates in disparate parts of the study area. Estimates of recharge are based on base-flow estimates for streams throughout the Great Lakes Basin and the assumption that base flow in a given stream is equal to the amount of shallow ground-water recharge to the surrounding watershed, minus losses to evapotranspiration. Base-flow estimates were developed throughout the study area using a single model based on an empirical relation between measured base-flow characteristics at streamflow-gaging stations and the surficial-geologic materials, which consist of bedrock, coarse-textured deposits, fine-textured deposits, till, and organic matter, in the surrounding surface-water watershed. Model calibration was performed using base-flow index (BFI) estimates for 959 stations in the U.S. and Canada using a combined 28,784 years of daily streamflow record determined using the hydrograph-separation software program PART. </p><p>Results are presented for watersheds represented by 8-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC, U.S.) and tertiary (Canada) watersheds. Recharge values were lowest (1.6-4.0 inches/year) in the eastern Lower Peninsula of Michigan; southwest of Green Bay, Wisconsin; in northwestern Ohio; and immediately south of the St. Lawrence River northeast of Lake Ontario. Recharge values were highest (12-16.8 inches/year) in snow shadow areas east and southeast of each Great Lake. Further studies of deep aquifer recharge and the temporal variability of recharge would be needed to gain a more complete understanding of ground-water recharge in the Great Lakes Basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055284","collaboration":"In cooperation with the National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada National Assessment of Water Availability and Use Program","usgsCitation":"Neff, B., Piggott, A., and Sheets, R.A., 2006, Estimation of shallow ground-water recharge in the Great Lakes basin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5284, vi, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055284.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science 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,{"id":76691,"text":"ds178 - 2006 - Two-dimensional resistivity investigation along West Fork Trinity River, Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas, October 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-19T20:48:29.611729","indexId":"ds178","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"178","title":"Two-dimensional resistivity investigation along West Fork Trinity River, Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas, October 2004","docAbstract":"Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field (NAS-JRB) at Fort Worth, Tex., constitutes a government-owned, contractor-operated facility that has been in operation since 1942. Contaminants, primarily volatile organic compounds and metals, have entered the ground-water-flow system through leakage from waste-disposal sites and manufacturing processes. Ground water flows from west to east toward the West Fork Trinity River. During October 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a two-dimensional (2D) resistivity investigation at a site along the West Fork Trinity River at the eastern boundary of NAS-JRB to characterize the distribution of subsurface resistivity. Five 2D resistivity profiles were collected, which ranged from 500 to 750 feet long and extended to a depth of 25 feet. The Goodland Limestone and the underlying Walnut Formation form a confining unit that underlies the alluvial aquifer. The top of this confining unit is the top of bedrock at NAS-JRB. The bedrock confining unit is the zone of interest because of the potential for contaminated ground water to enter the West Fork Trinity River through saturated bedrock. The study involved a capacitively-coupled resistivity survey and inverse modeling to obtain true or actual resistivity from apparent resistivity. The apparent resistivity was processed using an inverse modeling software program. The results of this program were used to generate distributions (images) of actual resistivity referred to as inverted sections or profiles. The images along the five profiles show a wide range of resistivity values. The two profiles nearest the West Fork Trinity River generally showed less resistivity than the three other profiles.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Aeronautical Systems Center, Environmental Management Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Shah, S., and Stanton, G.P., 2006, Two-dimensional resistivity investigation along West Fork Trinity River, Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas, October 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 178, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds178.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420955,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76486.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7739,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/ds178/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192620,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Fort Worth","otherGeospatial":"Carswell Field, West Fork Trinity River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.42589950561523,\n              32.75638608388472\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.42589950561523,\n              32.80011749844536\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.40049362182617,\n              32.80011749844536\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.40049362182617,\n              32.75638608388472\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.42589950561523,\n              32.75638608388472\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699833","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shah, Sachin D.","contributorId":60174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Sachin D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanton, Gregory P. 0000-0001-8622-0933 gstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-0933","contributorId":1583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Gregory","email":"gstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76680,"text":"ofr20051145 - 2006 - Interpolation of reconnaissance multibeam bathymetry from north-central Long Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-05T13:51:19.977421","indexId":"ofr20051145","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1145","title":"Interpolation of reconnaissance multibeam bathymetry from north-central Long Island Sound","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction&nbsp;</h1><p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CT DEP), has produced detailed maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States (fig. 1). The current phase of this cooperative research program is directed toward studies of sea-floor topography and its effect on the distributions of sedimentary environments and benthic communities. Because anthropogenic wastes, toxic chemicals, and changes in land-use patterns resulting from residential, commercial, and recreational development have stressed the environment of the Sound, causing degradation and potential loss of benthic habitats (Koppelman and others, 1976; Long Island Sound Study, 1994), detailed maps of the sea floor are needed to help evaluate the extent of adverse impacts and to help manage resources wisely in the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051145","isbn":"060798595X","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Ackerman, S.D., Doran, E.F., Beaver, A.L., Crocker, J.M., and Schattgen, P., 2006, Interpolation of reconnaissance multibeam bathymetry from north-central Long Island Sound: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1145, HTML Document; 1 DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051145.","productDescription":"HTML Document; 1 DVD-ROM","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":7728,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1145/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194448,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1145/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.78556530649055,\n              41.31072851257542\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.27377103918643,\n              41.30851937203968\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.97666965433311,\n              41.248844284803965\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.35017644982976,\n              41.104958311094094\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.59133831778816,\n              41.018475050676614\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.57369232744912,\n              40.88075480977747\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.12371957381994,\n              40.9385434311005\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.59433986366781,\n              40.982961844651214\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.24436105528927,\n              41.15369356282852\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.76791931615153,\n              41.18690138662723\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.78556530649055,\n              41.31072851257542\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e07cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Seth D. 0000-0003-0945-2794 sackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-2794","contributorId":178676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Seth","email":"sackerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doran, Elizabeth F.","contributorId":41539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beaver, Andrew L.","contributorId":78832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaver","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crocker, Jim M.","contributorId":36642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crocker","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schattgen, P. T.","contributorId":16525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schattgen","given":"P.","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":76665,"text":"ofr20061086 - 2006 - EMMMA: A web-based system for environmental mercury mapping, modeling, and analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:14","indexId":"ofr20061086","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1086","title":"EMMMA: A web-based system for environmental mercury mapping, modeling, and analysis","docAbstract":"Mercury in our environment - in our air, water, soil, and especially our food - poses significant hazards to human health, particularly for developing fetuses and young children. Because of the importance of this issue and the length of time it has been studied, large and complex data sets of mercury concentrations in various media and associated ancillary data have been generated by many Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies. To facilitate efficient and effective use of these\ndata in managing and mitigating human and wildlife exposure to mercury, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences have developed a website for visualizing and studying the distribution of mercury in our environment. The Environmental Mercury Mapping, Modeling, and Analysis (EMMMA) website (http://emmma.usgs.gov) provides health and environmental researchers, managers, and other decision-makers the ability to: 1) Interactively view and access a nationwide collection of environmental mercury data (fish\ntissue, atmospheric emissions and deposition, stream sediments, soils, and coal) and mercuryrelated data (mine locations); 2) Interactively view and access predictions of the National Descriptive Model of Mercury in Fish (NDMMF) at 4,976 sites and 6,829 sampling events (events are unique combinations of site and sampling date) across the United States; and 3) Use interactive mapping and graphing capabilities to visualize spatial and temporal trends and study relationships between mercury and other variables.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061086","usgsCitation":"Hearn, Wente, S.P., Donato, D.I., and Aguinaldo, J.J., 2006, EMMMA: A web-based system for environmental mercury mapping, modeling, and analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1086, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061086.","productDescription":"17 p.","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":247,"text":"Eastern Region Geography","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7715,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1086/","size":"150000","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c30c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, Jr. phearn@usgs.gov","contributorId":1950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","suffix":"Jr.","email":"phearn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wente, Stephen P.","contributorId":75226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wente","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donato, David I. 0000-0002-5412-0249 didonato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5412-0249","contributorId":2234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donato","given":"David","email":"didonato@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aguinaldo, John J.","contributorId":73287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aguinaldo","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":76564,"text":"sir20055266 - 2006 - Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system, Johnson County, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T15:39:42","indexId":"sir20055266","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5266","title":"Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system, Johnson County, Iowa","docAbstract":"<p>Bedrock of Silurian and Devonian age (termed the &ldquo;Silurian-Devonian aquifer system&rdquo;) is the primary source of ground water for Johnson County in east-central Iowa. Population growth within municipal and suburban areas of the county has resulted in increased amounts of water withdrawn from this aquifer and water-level declines in some areas. A 3-year study of the hydrogeology of the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system in Johnson County was undertaken to provide a quantitative assessment of ground water resources and to construct a ground-water flow model that can be used by local governmental agencies as a management tool.</p>\n<p>Johnson County is underlain by unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age and Paleozoic-age bedrock units. The bulk of the Quaternary deposits consists of weathered and unweathered glacial till; however, shallow alluvium and buried sand and gravel deposits also are present. Six bedrock hydrogeologic units are present in Johnson County (oldest to youngest): Maquoketa confining unit, Silurian aquifer, Wapsipinicon Group (aquifer and confining unit), Cedar Valley aquifer, Upper Devonian shale confining unit, and Cherokee confining unit. Although separate aquifers and confining units are described, the Silurian- and Devonian-age units are considered as a single aquifer system. The top of the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system is considered as the top of the Cedar Valley aquifer, where present, and the base of the aquifer system is considered as the top of the Maquoketa confining unit.</p>\n<p>The hydraulic properties of the rocks that comprise the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system are highly variable as a result of the variable composition of the rocks and the presence of solution features in some of the carbonate-rock units. For the combined Silurian-Devonian aquifer system, specific capacity averages 2.1 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown, transmissivity averages about 580 feet squared per day, and hydraulic conductivity averages 8.3 feet per day.</p>\n<p>Recharge to the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system in Johnson County is predominantly from infiltration of precipitation to the bedrock. Discharge from the aquifer is primarily to municipal, industrial, and private-development wells. Reliable measurements of the amount of recharge to or discharge from the ground-water system in Johnson County, however, are not available.</p>\n<p>Altitude of the 1996 potentiometric surface ranged from more than 750 feet above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) in northern Johnson County to less than 575 feet above NAVD88 in the central part of the county. A large cone of depression within the potentiometric surface is present in the central part of the county, between Coralville and Iowa City. A large limestone quarry is located near the center of this cone of depression. Ground water generally flows from the northern and western parts of Johnson County either toward the cone of depression in the center of the county or south out of the county. Ground water also flows toward the Cedar River in the northeastern part of the county. A ground-water divide in the northeastern part of the county roughly approximates the surface-water divide between the Iowa River and Cedar River drainages.</p>\n<p>A numerical ground-water-flow model of the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system in Johnson County was used to test concepts of ground-water flow, to assess the need for additional data, and to evaluate the potential effects of anticipated increased ground-water development and drought. The 1-layer model was calibrated to average 1996 ground-water conditions, which were assumed to approximate steady-state flow conditions. The model also was used to simulate steady-state conditions for 2004, steady-state conditions using anticipated pumping rates for 2025, and potential future drought conditions.</p>\n<p>The simulated potentiometric surface generally replicated the potentiometric surface for 1996 and 2004 conditions. The calculated root mean squared error values for the 1996 and 2004 simulations were 13.6 and 18.6 feet, respectively. The mean absolute differences between measured and simulated water levels for the 1996 and 2004 simulations were about 11 and 14 feet, respectively.</p>\n<p>Total model-calculated inflow to the ground-water system for the 1996 simulation was 19.6 million gallons per day (Mgal/d), and the largest model-calculated inflow component was areal recharge (15.1 Mgal/d). Total model-calculated outflow from the ground-water system was 19.7 Mgal/d, and the largest outflow component was discharge to wells (10.5 Mgal/d). Model-calculated water-budget components for the 2004 simulation were similar to the 1996 components.</p>\n<p>Potential future steady-state conditions were simulated using anticipated 2025 pumping rates. Pumpage both for existing wells and for assumed new wells, based on anticipated population growth in the northern part of the county and for the nearby municipalities, was included in the model. Simulated 2025 pumpage was about 1.5 Mgal/d greater than simulated 2004 pumpage. Simulated steady-state ground-water levels, using anticipated 2025 pumping rates, were lower than 2004 simulated levels throughout the county, and simulated water-level declines ranged from less than 1 foot near the county boundaries to about 11 feet.</p>\n<p>Potential future drought conditions were simulated by assuming that recharge to the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system is reduced by a factor of 0.75 and that water-supply pumpage is increased by a factor of 1.25 over the anticipated 2025 pumping rates. Overall, simulated water levels for future drought conditions were greater than 5 feet lower than simulated 2004 conditions and were a maximum of about 30 feet lower in the northeastern part of the county.</p>\n<p>The greatest limitation to the model is the lack of measured or estimated water-budget components for comparison to simulated water-budget components. Because the model is only calibrated to measured water levels, and not to water-budget components, the model results are nonunique. Other model limitations include the relatively coarse grid scale, lack of detailed information on pumpage from the quarry and from private developments and domestic wells, and the lack of separate water-level data for the Silurian- and Devonian-age rocks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055266","usgsCitation":"Tucci, P., and McKay, R.M., 2006, Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Silurian-Devonian aquifer system, Johnson County, Iowa (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5266, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055266.","productDescription":"78 p.","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7521,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5266/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Johnson","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.3677,41.8603],[-91.3673,41.7745],[-91.3675,41.6855],[-91.3671,41.5987],[-91.3679,41.5107],[-91.3687,41.4235],[-91.4839,41.4222],[-91.4843,41.4286],[-91.492,41.4405],[-91.5033,41.4493],[-91.5026,41.452],[-91.4989,41.4538],[-91.4988,41.4592],[-91.5145,41.4676],[-91.5156,41.4704],[-91.5136,41.4767],[-91.5038,41.4779],[-91.5029,41.4874],[-91.5039,41.4933],[-91.5076,41.4939],[-91.5107,41.4944],[-91.5112,41.4971],[-91.508,41.5016],[-91.5098,41.5034],[-91.5117,41.5016],[-91.5148,41.4985],[-91.5197,41.4981],[-91.5196,41.5027],[-91.5281,41.5078],[-91.528,41.511],[-91.5991,41.5107],[-91.7138,41.511],[-91.8291,41.5116],[-91.827,41.6001],[-91.8337,41.6006],[-91.8335,41.6865],[-91.8327,41.775],[-91.8318,41.8617],[-91.716,41.862],[-91.5989,41.8612],[-91.4836,41.8608],[-91.3677,41.8603]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Johnson\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","edition":"Online only","tableOfContents":"<p>Abstract<br />Introduction<br />Previous Studies<br />Physical Setting and Climate<br />Water Use<br />Acknowledgments<br />Hydrogeologic Setting<br />Hydrogeologic Units<br />Quaternary Deposits<br />Bedrock Topography<br />Bedrock Hydrogeologic Units<br />Maquoketa Confining Unit<br />Silurian Aquifer<br />Wapsipinicon Group<br />Cedar Valley Aquifer<br />Upper Devonian Shale Confining Unit<br />Cherokee Confining Unit<br />Geologic Structure<br />Hydraulic Characteristics<br />Recharge and Discharge<br />Ground-Water Occurrence and Movement<br />Simulation of Ground-Water Flow<br />Model Construction and Boundary Conditions<br />1996 Steady-State Calibration and Simulation<br />Model Calibration<br />Simulation Results<br />Model Sensitivity<br />Simulation of Potential Future Withdrawals<br />Simulation of 2004 Conditions<br />Simulation of Potential 2025 Steady-State Pumping<br />Simulation of Potential Future Drought Conditions<br />Model Limitations and Additional Data Needs<br />Summary<br />References Cited<br />Appendix</p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6252a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tucci, Patrick ptucci@usgs.gov","contributorId":926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucci","given":"Patrick","email":"ptucci@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKay, Robert M.","contributorId":91928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76521,"text":"ofr20061040 - 2006 - Revised geologic cross sections of parts of the Colorado, White River, and Death Valley regional groundwater flow systems, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T18:10:01.758803","indexId":"ofr20061040","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1040","title":"Revised geologic cross sections of parts of the Colorado, White River, and Death Valley regional groundwater flow systems, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona","docAbstract":"This report presents revisions to parts of seven of the ten cross sections originally published in U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1040. The revisions were necessary to correct errors in some of the original cross sections, and to show new parts of several sections that were extended and (or) appended to the original section profiles. Revisions were made to cross sections C-C', D-D', E-E', F-F', G-G', I-I', and J-J', and the parts of the sections revised or extended are highlighted below the sections on plate 1 by red brackets and the word \"revised,\" or \"extended.\" Sections not listed above, as well as the interpretive text and figures, are generally unchanged from the original report. Cross section C-C' includes revisions in the east Mormon Mountains in the east part of the section; D-D' includes revisions in the Mormon Mesa area in the east part of the section; E-E' includes revisions in the Muddy Mountains in the east part of the section; F-F' includes revisions from the Muddy Mountains to the south Virgin Mountains in the east part of the section; and J-J' includes some revisions from the east Mormon Mountains to the Virgin Mountains. The east end of G-G' was extended about 16 km from the Black Mountains to the southern Virgin Mountains, and the northern end of I-I' was extended about 45 km from the Muddy Mountains to the Mormon Mountains, and revisions were made in the Muddy Mountains part of the original section. This report contains 10 interpretive cross sections and an integrated text describing the geology of parts of the Colorado, White River, and Death Valley regional groundwater flow systems in Nevada, Utah, and Arizona. The primary purpose of the report is to provide geologic framework data for input into a numerical groundwater model. Therefore, the stratigraphic and structural summaries are written in a hydrogeologic context. The oldest rocks (basement) are Early Proterozoic metamorphic and intrusive crystalline rocks that are considered confining units because of their low permeability. Late Proterozoic to Lower Cambrian clastic units overlie the crystalline rocks and are also considered confining units within the regional flow systems. Above the clastic units are Middle Cambrian to Lower Permian carbonate rocks that are the primary aquifers in the flow systems. The Middle Cambrian to Lower Permian carbonate rocks are overlain by a sequence of mainly clastic rocks of late Paleozoic to Mesozoic age that are mostly considered confining units, but they may be permeable where faulted. Tertiary volcanic and plutonic rocks are exposed in the northern and southern parts of the study area. In the Clover and Delamar Mountains, these rocks are highly deformed by north- and northwest-striking normal and strike-slip faults that are probably important conduits in transmitting groundwater from the basins in the northern Colorado and White River flow systems to basins in the southern part of the flow systems. The youngest rocks in the region are Tertiary to Quaternary basin-fill deposits. These rocks consist of middle to late Tertiary sediments consisting of limestone, conglomerate, sandstone, tuff, and gypsum, and younger Quaternary surficial units consisting of alluvium, colluvium, playa deposits, and eolian deposits. Basin-fill deposits are both aquifers and aquitards.  The rocks in the study area were complexly deformed by episodes of Mesozoic compression and Cenozoic extensional tectonism. Some Cretaceous thrust faults and folds of the Sevier orogenic belt form duplex zones and define areas of maximum thickness for the Paleozoic carbonate rocks. Cenozoic faults are important because they are the primary structures that control groundwater flow in the regional flow systems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061040","usgsCitation":"Page, W.R., Scheirer, D., Langenheim, V., and Berger, M.A., 2006, Revised geologic cross sections of parts of the Colorado, White River, and Death Valley regional groundwater flow systems, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona (Revised July 15, 2011): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1040, Report: 25 p.; 1 Plate: 38.00 x 57.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061040.","productDescription":"Report: 25 p.; 1 Plate: 38.00 x 57.99 inches","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2006_1040.png"},{"id":404269,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76107.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7243,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1040/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Nevada, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.7,\n              36\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.7833,\n              36\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.7833,\n              37.6633\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.7,\n              37.6633\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.7,\n              36\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Revised July 15, 2011","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603c83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, William R. 0000-0002-0722-9911 rpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0722-9911","contributorId":1628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"William","email":"rpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scheirer, Daniel S. dscheirer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheirer","given":"Daniel S.","email":"dscheirer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":1526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berger, Mary A. mberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Mary","email":"mberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":75963,"text":"sir20055107 - 2006 - Water resources of Monroe County, New York, water years 2000-02: Atmospheric deposition, ground water, streamflow, trends in water quality, and chemical loads in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-28T11:23:06","indexId":"sir20055107","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5107","displayTitle":"Water Resources of Monroe County, New York, Water Years 2000-02: Atmospheric Deposition, Ground Water, Streamflow, Trends in Water Quality, and Chemical Loads in Streams","title":"Water resources of Monroe County, New York, water years 2000-02: Atmospheric deposition, ground water, streamflow, trends in water quality, and chemical loads in streams","docAbstract":"<p>This report, the fifth in a series that presents analyses of the hydrologic data collected in Monroe County since 1984, interprets data from four surface-water-monitoring sites in the Irondequoit Creek basin (Irondequoit Creek at Railroad Mills, East Branch Allen Creek at Pittsford, Allen Creek near Rochester, and Irondequoit Creek above Blossom Road); and from three sites on tributaries to the Genesee River (Oatka Creek at Garbutt, Honeoye Creek at Honeoye Falls, and Black Creek at Churchville) and from the Genesee River at Charlotte Docks. It also interprets data from a site on Northrup Creek, which provides information on nutrient loads delivered to Long Pond, a small eutrophic embayment of Lake Ontario. The report also includes water-level and water-quality data from nine observation wells in Ellison Park, and atmospheric-deposition data from a collection site at Mendon Ponds.</p><p><i>Atmospheric Deposition</i>: Average annual precipitation for 2000–02 was 33.11 in., 0.94 in. below normal. Average annual loads of some chemical constituents in atmospheric deposition for 2000–02 differed considerably from those for the previous period of record. Loads of all nutrients except ammonia decreased by amounts ranging from 28 percent (ammonia + organic nitrogen and phosphorus) to 2 percent (nitrite + nitrate), whereas ammonia loads an increased by 8 percent. Loads of dissolved sodium and total zinc in atmospheric deposition increased by 56 percent, and 54, percent respectively, over the previous period of record. Average annual loads of other constituents showed decreases ranging from 41 percent (dissolved magnesium) to 17 percent (dissolved chloride).</p><p>Loads of all nutrients deposited in the Irondequoit Creek basin from atmospheric sources during 2000–02 greatly exceeded those transported by Irondequoit Creek. The ammonia load deposited in the basin was 165 times the load transported at Blossom Road (the most downstream site); the ammonia + organic nitrogen load was 2.8 times greater, orthophosphate 9.7 times greater, total phosphorus 1.2 times greater, and the nitrite + nitrate load was 1.6 times greater. Average yields of dissolved chloride and dissolved sulfate from atmosphoric sources were much less than those transported by streamflow at Blossom Road—chloride was about 1.5 percent and sulfate about 9.1 percent of the amount transported by Irondequoit Creek.</p><p><i>Ground water</i>: Ground-water-levels and water quality data were collected from 9 observation wells in Ellison Park in Monroe County. All wells except Mo 2 and Mo 659 are in the flood plain of Irondequoit Creek. Water levels indicate frequent reversals in direction of lateral flow toward or away from Irondequoit Creek, and all wells except Mo2 and Mo 659 respond to water level fluctuations in the Creek. Trend tests on water levels for the period of record indicate a slight upward trend in water levels at all nine wells, two of which (Mo 3 and Mo 667) were statistically significant.</p><p>Concentrations of ammonia and ammonia + organic nitrogen showed a general decrease for the current period of record. Total phosphorus concentrations showed an increase at four wells and a decrease at four wells.</p><p>Water quality data showed that the highest median concentrations of nutrients continues to occur in Mo 667 and the highest median concentrations of common ions was at Mo 664.</p><p><i>Streamflow</i>: Statistical analysis of long-term (greater than 15 years) streamflow records for unregulated streams in Monroe County indicated that annual mean flows for water years (A water year is the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30 of the following year.) 2000–02 generally were in the normal range (75th to 25th percentile), although Allen Creek continued to show a significant downward trend in mean monthly streamflow during the 1984–2002 water years.</p><p><i>Chemical Concentration in Streams</i>: Concentrations of several constituents in streams of the Irondequoit Creek basin showed statistically significant (α = 0.05) trends from the beginning of their period of record through 2002. Three of the four Irondequoit Creek sites (Allen Creek, Blossom Road, and Railroad Mills) showed downward trends in ammonia (4.6 to 12.0 percent per year) and ammonia + organic nitrogen (2.8 to 5.3 percent per year). Allen Creek showed downward trends in nitrite + nitrate and total phosphorus (both 1.2 percent per year), and Irondequoit Creek above Blossom Road showed an upward trend in orthophosphate (1.8 percent per year). Three Irondequoit Creek sites showed upward trends in dissolved chloride: Railroad Mills (4.8 percent per year), Allen Creek, and Blossom Road (both 1.9 percent per year). Allen Creek showed a downward trend in sulfate of 0.98 percent per year, whereas Blossom Road showed a downward trend in suspended solids of 4.0 percent per year. Volatile suspended solids showed an upward trend of 3.2 percent per year at Allen Creek and a downward trend of 2.2 percent per year at Blossom Road.</p><p>Northrup Creek in western Monroe County, showed significant downward trends in concentrations of volatile suspended solids (2.5 percent per year), total phosphorus (5.3 percent per year), and orthophosphate (9.9 percent per year). The Genesee River at Charlotte Docks showed downward trends in volatile suspended solids (2.1 percent per year) and ammonia + organic nitrogen (4.5 percent per year). Oatka Creek at Garbutt showed an upward trend of 21.4 percent per year in turbidity.</p><p><i>Chemical Loads in Streams</i>: Mean annual yields (pounds or tons per square mile) of many constituents at the Irondequoit Creek sites were lower than those in previous reporting periods. Suspended solids and nitrite + nitrate yields were lower at three of the sites, and yields of volatile suspended solids, ammonia, and total phosphorus were lower at two of the sites. East Branch Allen Creek showed lower yields for five of the nine constituents for 2000–02, than for previous reporting periods. The decreased yields at East Branch Allen Creek are likely due to the Jefferson Road stormflow-detention basin and the much lower than normal runoff for the 2000–02 period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055107","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Monroe County Department of Health","usgsCitation":"Sherwood, D.A., 2006, Water resources of Monroe County, New York, water years 2000-02: Atmospheric deposition, ground water, streamflow, trends in water quality, and chemical loads in streams: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5107, vi, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055107.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","numberOfPages":"65","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2005_5107.jpg"},{"id":7088,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5107/sir20055107.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2005-5107"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Monroe county","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.46710205078125,\n              42.88602714832883\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.18719482421874,\n              42.88602714832883\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.18719482421874,\n              43.369119087738554\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.46710205078125,\n              43.369119087738554\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.46710205078125,\n              42.88602714832883\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ny-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ny-water\">New New York Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Rd.<br>Troy, NY 12180</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Atmospheric Deposition</li><li>Ground Water</li><li>Surface Water</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0761","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherwood, Donald A.","contributorId":103267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Donald","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":75793,"text":"sir20065012 - 2006 - County-level estimates of nutrient inputs to the land surface of the conterminous United States, 1982-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-13T21:49:52.223682","indexId":"sir20065012","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5012","title":"County-level estimates of nutrient inputs to the land surface of the conterminous United States, 1982-2001","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nutrient input data for fertilizer use, livestock manure, and atmospheric deposition from various sources were estimated and allocated to counties in the conterminous United States for the years 1982 through 2001. These nationally consistent nutrient input data are needed by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program for investigations of stream- and ground-water quality. For nitrogen, the largest source was farm fertilizer; for phosphorus, the largest sources were farm fertilizer and livestock manure. Nutrient inputs from fertilizer use in nonfarm areas, while locally important, were an order of magnitude smaller than inputs from other sources. Nutrient inputs from all sources increased between 1987 and 1997, but the relative proportions of nutrients from each source were constant. Farm-fertilizer inputs were highest in the upper Midwest, along eastern coastal areas, and in irrigated areas of the West. Nonfarm-fertilizer use was similar in major metropolitan areas throughout the Nation, but was more extensive in the more populated Eastern and Central States and in California. Areas of greater manure inputs were located throughout the South-central and Southeastern States and in scattered areas of the West. Nitrogen deposition from the atmosphere generally increased from west to east and is related to the location of major sources and the effects of precipitation and prevailing winds. These nutrient-loading data at the county level are expected to be the fundamental basis for national and regional assessments of water quality for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program and other large-scale programs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065012","usgsCitation":"Ruddy, B.C., Lorenz, D.L., and Mueller, D.K., 2006, County-level estimates of nutrient inputs to the land surface of the conterminous United States, 1982-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5012, v, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065012.","productDescription":"v, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423545,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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-98.24,\n                26.06\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.02,\n                26.37\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.3,\n                26.84\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.52,\n                27.54\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.11,\n                28.11\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.45584,\n                28.69612\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.9576,\n                29.38071\n              ],\n              [\n                -101.6624,\n                29.7793\n              ],\n              [\n                -102.48,\n                29.76\n              ],\n              [\n                -103.11,\n                28.97\n              ],\n              [\n                -103.94,\n                29.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.45697,\n                29.57196\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.70575,\n                30.12173\n              ],\n              [\n                -105.03737,\n                30.64402\n              ],\n              [\n                -105.63159,\n                31.08383\n              ],\n              [\n                -106.1429,\n                31.39995\n              ],\n              [\n                -106.50759,\n                31.75452\n              ],\n              [\n                -108.24,\n                31.75485\n              ],\n              [\n                -108.24194,\n                31.34222\n              ],\n              [\n                -109.035,\n                31.34194\n              ],\n              [\n                -111.02361,\n                31.33472\n              ],\n              [\n                -113.30498,\n                32.03914\n              ],\n              [\n                -114.815,\n                32.52528\n              ],\n              [\n                -114.72139,\n                32.72083\n              ],\n              [\n                -115.99135,\n                32.61239\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.12776,\n                32.53534\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.29594,\n                33.04622\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.944,\n                33.62124\n              ],\n              [\n                -118.4106,\n                33.74091\n              ],\n              [\n                -118.51989,\n                34.02778\n              ],\n              [\n                -119.081,\n                34.078\n              ],\n              [\n                -119.43884,\n                34.34848\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.36778,\n                34.44711\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.62286,\n                34.60855\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.74433,\n                35.15686\n              ],\n              [\n                -121.71457,\n                36.16153\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.54747,\n                37.55176\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.51201,\n                37.78339\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.95319,\n                38.11371\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.7272,\n                38.95166\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.86517,\n                39.76699\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39807,\n                40.3132\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.17886,\n                41.14202\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.2137,\n                41.99964\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.53284,\n                42.76599\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.14214,\n                43.70838\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.02053,\n                44.6159\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.89893,\n                45.52341\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.07963,\n                46.86475\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39567,\n                47.72017\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.68721,\n                48.18443\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.5661,\n                48.37971\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.12,\n                48.04\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.58736,\n                47.096\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.34,\n                47.36\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.5,\n                48.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.84,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -120,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.03121,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -116.04818,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -113,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -110.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -107.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.04826,\n                48.99986\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.65,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.22872,\n                49.0007\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15907,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15609,\n                49.38425\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ]\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      },\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"name\": \"United States\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6838d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruddy, Barbara C. bcruddy@usgs.gov","contributorId":4163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruddy","given":"Barbara","email":"bcruddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":286970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, David L. 0000-0003-3392-4034 lorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-4034","contributorId":1384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"David","email":"lorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mueller, David K. mueller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"David","email":"mueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":75613,"text":"sir20055235 - 2006 - A cyclostratigraphic and borehole-geophysical approach to development of a three-dimensional conceptual hydrogeologic model of the karstic Biscayne aquifer, southeastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:47:15","indexId":"sir20055235","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5235","title":"A cyclostratigraphic and borehole-geophysical approach to development of a three-dimensional conceptual hydrogeologic model of the karstic Biscayne aquifer, southeastern Florida","docAbstract":"<p>A&nbsp;fundamental problem in the simulation of karst ground-water flow and solute transport is how best to represent aquifer heterogeneity as defined by the spatial distribution of porosity, permeability, and storage. Combined analyses of cyclostratigraphy, including lithofacies and depositional environments, and borehole-geophysical logs, has improved the conceptualization of porosity, permeability, and storage within the triple-porosity karstic Biscayne aquifer in an approximately 95-square-mile study area of Miami-Dade County in southeastern Florida. The&nbsp;triple porosity of the Biscayne aquifer is principally: (1)&nbsp;matrix of interparticle and separate-vug porosity, providing much of the storage, and under dynamic conditions, diffuse-carbonate flow; (2)&nbsp;touching-vug porosity creating stratiform ground-water flow passageways; and (3)&nbsp;less common conduit porosity composed mainly of bedding-plane vugs, thin solution pipes, and cavernous vugs. These three conduit porosity types are all pathways for conduit ground-water flow.</p><p>To develop an accurate three-dimensional conceptual hydrogeologic model of the Biscayne aquifer in the study area, a detailed analysis of data was conducted that include continuously drilled cores, digital borehole images, borehole-fluid conductivity and temperature logs, and borehole-flowmeter measurements from 25 wells that fully penetrate the Biscayne aquifer. Six depositional environments for major lithologic components of the Biscayne aquifer--the Tamiami Formation, Fort Thompson Formation, and Miami Limestone--include: (1)&nbsp;middle ramp, (2)&nbsp;platform margin-to-outer platform, (3)&nbsp;open-marine platform interior, (4)&nbsp;restricted platform interior, (5)&nbsp;brackish platform interior, and (6)&nbsp;freshwater terrestrial environments. High-frequency cycles form the fundamental building blocks of the rocks composing the Biscayne aquifer. Vertical lithofacies successions, which have stacking patterns that reoccur, fit within the high-frequency cycles. Upward-shallowing subtidal cycles, upward-shallowing paralic cycles, and aggradational subtidal cycles define three types of ideal high-frequency cycles that occur within the Fort Thompson Formation and Miami Limestone. Based on vertical cycle patterns, high-frequency cycles group into two cycle sets: an older progradational cycle set and an overlying younger aggradational cycle.</p><p><br></p><p>A&nbsp;primary observation is that a predictable vertical pattern of porosity and permeability commonly exists within the three ideal cycles because the porosity and permeability relate directly to lithofacies. Sixteen major lithofacies of the Fort Thompson Formation and Miami Limestone have been assigned to one of three pore classes (I, II, and III). Touching-vug porosity and conduit porosity characterize pore class&nbsp;I, which commonly comprises the lower part of upward-shallowing cycles within the Fort Thompson Formation and an upper aggradational cycle of the Miami Limestone. Matrix porosity distinguishes pore class&nbsp;II, which commonly occurs in the upper part of the upward-shallowing subtidal cycles and middle part of the upward-shallowing paralic cycles. Micrite-dominated, leaky, low-permeability lithologies are characteristic of pore class&nbsp;III, which commonly caps upward-shallowing paralic cycles and occurs throughout much of a lower aggradational cycle of the Miami Limestone. These relations among lithofacies, cyclicity, and aquifer attributes (porosity, permeability, and storage) are crucial features of the architecture of a three-dimensional conceptual hydrogeologic model of the karstic Biscayne aquifer. This study shows that development of these relations is critical to producing a realistic cycle-based karstic aquifer framework for the Biscayne aquifer and for karst aquifers within other platform carbonates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055235","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, K.J., Wacker, M.A., Robinson, E., Dixon, J.F., and Wingard, G.L., 2006, A cyclostratigraphic and borehole-geophysical approach to development of a three-dimensional conceptual hydrogeologic model of the karstic Biscayne aquifer, southeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5235, Report: vi, 69 p.; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055235.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 69 p.; Database","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2005_5235.jpg"},{"id":7015,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5235/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110631,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75769.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"75769"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.584716796875,\n              25.363882272740256\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.85937499999999,\n              25.06569718553588\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.17822265625,\n              25.21488107113259\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.1507568359375,\n              25.903703303407667\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.57922363281249,\n              25.849336891707605\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.584716796875,\n              25.363882272740256\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af44f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wacker, Michael A. mwacker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wacker","given":"Michael","email":"mwacker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Edward","contributorId":99633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dixon, Joann F. 0000-0001-9200-6407 jdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9200-6407","contributorId":1756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Joann","email":"jdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":75653,"text":"sir20065002 - 2006 - Low-flow analysis and selected flow statistics representative of 1930-2002 for streamflow-gaging stations in or near West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:01","indexId":"sir20065002","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5002","title":"Low-flow analysis and selected flow statistics representative of 1930-2002 for streamflow-gaging stations in or near West Virginia","docAbstract":"Five time periods between 1930 and 2002 are identified as having distinct patterns of annual minimum daily mean flows (minimum flows). Average minimum flows increased around 1970 at many streamflow-gaging stations in West Virginia. Before 1930, however, there might have been a period of minimum flows greater than any period identified between 1930 and 2002. The effects of climate variability are probably the principal causes of the differences among the five time periods. \r\n\r\nComparisons of selected streamflow statistics are made between values computed for the five identified time periods and values computed for the 1930-2002 interval for 15 streamflow-gaging stations. The average difference between statistics computed for the five time periods and the 1930-2002 interval decreases with increasing magnitude of the low-flow statistic. The greatest individual-station absolute difference was 582.5 percent greater for the 7-day 10-year low flow computed for 1970-1979 compared to the value computed for 1930-2002. The hydrologically based low flows indicate approximately equal or smaller absolute differences than biologically based low flows. The average 1-day 3-year biologically based low flow (1B3) and 4-day 3-year biologically based low flow (4B3) are less than the average 1-day 10-year hydrologically based low flow (1Q10) and 7-day 10-year hydrologic-based low flow (7Q10) respectively, and range between 28.5 percent less and 13.6 percent greater. Seasonally, the average difference between low-flow statistics computed for the five time periods and 1930-2002 is not consistent between magnitudes of low-flow statistics, and the greatest difference is for the summer (July 1-September 30) and fall (October 1-December 31) for the same time period as the greatest difference determined in the annual analysis. The greatest average difference between 1B3 and 4B3 compared to 1Q10 and 7Q10, respectively, is in the spring (April 1-June 30), ranging between 11.6 and 102.3 percent greater. \r\n\r\nStatistics computed for the individual station's record period may not represent the statistics computed for the period 1930 to 2002 because (1) station records are available predominantly after about 1970 when minimum flows were greater than the average between 1930 and 2002 and (2) some short-term station records are mostly during dry periods, whereas others are mostly during wet periods. A criterion-based sampling of the individual station's record periods at stations was taken to reduce the effects of statistics computed for the entire record periods not representing the statistics computed for 1930-2002. The criterion used to sample the entire record periods is based on a comparison between the regional minimum flows and the minimum flows at the stations. Criterion-based sampling of the available record periods was superior to record-extension techniques for this study because more stations were selected and areal distribution of stations was more widespread. Principal component and correlation analyses of the minimum flows at 20 stations in or near West Virginia identify three regions of the State encompassing stations with similar patterns of minimum flows: the Lower Appalachian Plateaus, the Upper Appalachian Plateaus, and the Eastern Panhandle. All record periods of 10 years or greater between 1930 and 2002 where the average of the regional minimum flows are nearly equal to the average for 1930-2002 are determined as representative of 1930-2002. Selected statistics are presented for the longest representative record period that matches the record period for 77 stations in West Virginia and 40 stations near West Virginia. These statistics can be used to develop equations for estimating flow in ungaged stream locations. \r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065002","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J.B., 2006, Low-flow analysis and selected flow statistics representative of 1930-2002 for streamflow-gaging stations in or near West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5002, vi, 190 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065002.","productDescription":"vi, 190 p.","numberOfPages":"196","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7025,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5002/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a75e4b07f02db644a1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, Jeffrey B.","contributorId":59746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70176312,"text":"70176312 - 2006 - Confirmation and calibration of computer modeling of tsunamis produced by Augustine volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T17:44:59","indexId":"70176312","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3351,"text":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Confirmation and calibration of computer modeling of tsunamis produced by Augustine volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"<div data-canvas-width=\"735.1060000000004\">Numerical modeling has been used to calculate the characteristics of a tsunami generated by a landslide into Cook Inlet from Augustine Volcano. The modeling predicts travel times of ca. 50-75 minutes to the nearest populated areas, and indicates that significant wave amplification occurs near Mt. Iliamna on the western side of Cook Inlet, and near the Nanwelak and the Homer-Anchor Point areas on the east side of Cook Inlet. Augustine volcano last produced a tsunami during an eruption in 1883, and field evidence of the extent and height of the 1883 tsunamis can be used to test and constrain the results of the computer modeling. Tsunami deposits on Augustine Island indicate waves near the landslide source were more than 19 m high, while 1883 tsunami deposits in distal sites record waves 6-8 m high. Paleotsunami deposits were found at sites along the coast near Mt. Iliamna, Nanwelak, and Homer, consistent with numerical modeling indicating significant tsunami wave amplification occurs in these areas.&nbsp;</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Tsunami Society International","usgsCitation":"Beget, J.E., and Kowalik, Z., 2006, Confirmation and calibration of computer modeling of tsunamis produced by Augustine volcano, Alaska: Science of Tsunami Hazards, v. 24, no. 4, p. 257-266.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"266","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328345,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://library.lanl.gov/tsunami/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Augustine volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154,\n              59\n            ],\n            [\n              -154,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.8,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.8,\n              59\n            ],\n            [\n              -154,\n              59\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a39e4b0571647cf8daf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beget, James E.","contributorId":22757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beget","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kowalik, Zygmunt","contributorId":174444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kowalik","given":"Zygmunt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224655,"text":"5224655 - 2006 - Experimental West Nile virus infection in Eastern Screech Owls (Megascops asio)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-04T15:40:33.925376","indexId":"5224655","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-01T12:18:30","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":948,"text":"Avian Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Experimental West Nile virus infection in Eastern Screech Owls (<i>Megascops asio</i>)","title":"Experimental West Nile virus infection in Eastern Screech Owls (Megascops asio)","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study evaluated the potential effects of different concentrations of bleached/unbleached kraft mill effluent (B/UKME) on several reproductive endpoints in adult largemouth bass (</span><i>Micropterus salmoides</i><span>). The kraft mill studied produces a 50/50 mix of bleached/unbleached market pulp with an estimated release of 36 million gal of effluent/day. Bleaching sequences were C</span><sub>90</sub><span>d</span><sub>10</sub><span>EopHDp and CEHD for softwood (pines) and hardwoods (mainly tupelo, gums, magnolia, and water oaks), respectively. Bass were exposed to different effluent concentrations (0 [controls, exposed to well water], 10, 20, 40, or 80%) for either 28 or 56 days. At the end of each exposure period, fish were euthanized, gonads collected for histological evaluation and determination of gonadosomatic index (GSI), and plasma was analyzed for 17β-estradiol, 11-ketotestosterone, and vitellogenin (VTG). Largemouth bass exposed to B/UKME responded with changes at the biochemical level (decline in sex steroids in both sexes and VTG in females) that were usually translated into tissue/organ-level responses (declines in GSI in both sexes and in ovarian development in females). Although most of these responses occurred after exposing fish to 40% B/UKME concentrations or greater, some were observed after exposures to 20% B/UKME. These threshold concentrations fall within the 60% average yearly concentration of effluent that exists in the stream near the point of discharge (Rice Creek), but are above the &lt;10% effluent concentration present in the St. Johns River. The chemical(s) responsible for such changes as well as their mode(s) of action remain unknown at this time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.1007/s002440010274","usgsCitation":"Nemeth, N.M., Hahn, D., Gould, D.H., and Bowen, R.A., 2006, Experimental West Nile virus infection in Eastern Screech Owls (Megascops asio): Avian Diseases, v. 50, no. 2, p. 252-258, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010274.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"258","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"St. Johns  River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.16125488281249,\n              28.270520445825415\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.738525390625,\n              28.270520445825415\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.738525390625,\n              30.5764500266181\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.16125488281249,\n              30.5764500266181\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.16125488281249,\n              28.270520445825415\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9337","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nemeth, Nicole M","contributorId":270049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nemeth","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":342253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hahn, D. Caldwell 0000-0002-5242-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2059","contributorId":26055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D. Caldwell","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gould, D. H.","contributorId":24471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gould","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowen, R. A.","contributorId":80623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70208079,"text":"70208079 - 2006 - The Hayward fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-27T12:56:15","indexId":"70208079","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-27T12:34:07","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1724,"text":"GSA Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Hayward fault","docAbstract":"<p><span>This field guide consists of eleven stops at sites that illustrate the geological, geophysical, geographic, and engineering aspects of the Hayward fault in the East Bay. Section I (Stops 1–4) consists of stops that are part of the University of California at Berkeley (UC-Berkeley), including research facilities, retrofit of campus buildings, and geomorphic features along the fault. Section II (Stops 5 and 6) consists of stops along the Hayward fault north of the UC-Berkeley main campus, and Section III (stops 7–11) consists of stops related to the Hayward fault south of the UC-Berkeley main campus (Fig.&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"ch17fig1\">1</a><span>). Stops are designed to illustrate geomorphic features of the fault, the effects of fault creep on structures sited on the fault, and retrofit design of structures to mitigate potential future deformation due to fault rupture.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/2006.1906SF(17)","usgsCitation":"Sloan, D., Wells, D., Borchardt, G., Caulfield, J., Doolin, D., Eidinger, J., Gee, L., Graymer, R.W., Hellweg, P., Kropp, A.L., Lienkaemper, J., Rabamad, C., Sitar, N., Stenner, H.D., Tobriner, S., Tsztoo, D., and Zoback, M., 2006, The Hayward fault: GSA Field Guides, v. 7, p. 273-331, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906SF(17).","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"331","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Hayward Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.2174072265625,\n              38.06322991452768\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.464599609375,\n              37.95502661288625\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.42614746093749,\n              37.69903420794415\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.19818115234375,\n              37.38107035775657\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.88232421875,\n              37.43343148473673\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.80267333984376,\n              37.470498470798724\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2174072265625,\n              38.06322991452768\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloan, Doris","contributorId":173259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sloan","given":"Doris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, D.","contributorId":35893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Borchardt, Glenn","contributorId":34430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchardt","given":"Glenn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caulfield, John","contributorId":221821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caulfield","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doolin, D.M.","contributorId":221822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doolin","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eidinger, J.","contributorId":221823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eidinger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gee, Lind 0000-0003-2883-9847 lgee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2883-9847","contributorId":193064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"Lind","email":"lgee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Graymer, Russell W. 0000-0003-4910-5682 rgraymer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-5682","contributorId":1052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"Russell","email":"rgraymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hellweg, Peggy","contributorId":102389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hellweg","given":"Peggy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kropp, Alan L.","contributorId":91890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kropp","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lienkaemper, James jlienk@usgs.gov","contributorId":139581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rabamad, Charles","contributorId":221824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rabamad","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sitar, N.","contributorId":105092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sitar","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Stenner, Heidi D.","contributorId":35868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenner","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Tobriner, Stephen","contributorId":221825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobriner","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Tsztoo, David","contributorId":221826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsztoo","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Zoback, M.L.","contributorId":12982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70242633,"text":"70242633 - 2006 - Hurricane-induced landslide activity on an alluvial fan along Meadow Run, Shenandoah Valley, Virginia (eastern USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-11T15:56:22.982583","indexId":"70242633","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-10T10:46:14","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hurricane-induced landslide activity on an alluvial fan along Meadow Run, Shenandoah Valley, Virginia (eastern USA)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although intense rainfall and localized flooding occurred as Hurricane Isabel tracked inland northwestardly across the Blue Ridge Mountains of central Virginia on September 18–19, 2003, few landslides occurred. However, the hurricane reactivated a dormant landslide along a bluff of an incised alluvial fan along Meadow Run on the western flanks of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Subsequent monitoring showed retrogressive movement involving several landslide blocks for the next several months. Using dendrochronology, aerial photography, and stream discharge records revealed periods of landslide activity. The annual variation of growth rings on trees within the landslide suggested previous slope instability in 1937, 1972, 1993, 1997, and 1999, which correlated with periods of local flood events. The avulsive and migrating nature of Meadow Run, combined with strong erosional force potential during flood stages, indicates that landslides are common along the bluff-channel bank interface, locally posing landslide hazards to relatively few structures within this farming region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-005-0029-5","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, G.F., Eaton, L.S., Yanosky, T.M., and Turner, E., 2006, Hurricane-induced landslide activity on an alluvial fan along Meadow Run, Shenandoah Valley, Virginia (eastern USA): Landslides, v. 3, p. 95-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-005-0029-5.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"106","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Meadow Run, Shenandoah Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.39701926030709,\n              38.35198374583453\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.39701926030709,\n              37.71374338475785\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.83264915084368,\n              37.71374338475785\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.83264915084368,\n              38.35198374583453\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.39701926030709,\n              38.35198374583453\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Gerald F.","contributorId":81889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eaton, L. Scott lse5a@usgs.gov","contributorId":67582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"L.","email":"lse5a@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":869191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yanosky, Thomas M.","contributorId":40589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turner, Eric","contributorId":101145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70207715,"text":"70207715 - 2006 - Geology of Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, New Jersey-Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-15T15:26:01.917941","indexId":"70207715","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-07T14:17:03","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1724,"text":"GSA Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, New Jersey-Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many of the parks within the National Park System owe their uniqueness to their geologic framework. Their scenery is the result of diverse natural processes acting upon a variety of rocks that were deposited in varied environments in the geologic past. The Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area (DEWA) contains a rich geologic and cultural history within its 68,714 acre boundary. Following the border between New Jersey and Pennsylvania, the Delaware River has cut a magnificent gorge through Kit-tantinny Mountain, the Delaware Water Gap, to which all other gaps in the Appalachian Mountains have been compared. Proximity to many institutions of learning in this densely populated area of the northeastern United States (Fig.&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"ch04fig1\">1</a><span>) makes DEWA an ideal locality to study the geology of this part of the Appalachian Mountains. This one-day field trip comprises two stops within the gap itself and will include discussion on stratigraphy, structure, geomorphology, and glacial geology. The first stop will be at the bottom of the gap in Pennsylvania to look at the magnificent exposures in the cleft on the New Jersey side. This will be followed by a traverse to the top of Mount Tammany along a popular trail, where we will compare the geology across the river in Pennsylvania. Much of the information presented in this guidebook is summarized from&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"ch04r11\">Epstein (2001a</a><span>,&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"ch04r12\">2001b</a><span>,&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"ch04r13\">2001c</a><span>) and&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"ch04r18\">Epstein and Lyttle (2001)</a><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/2006.fld008(04)","usgsCitation":"Epstein, J.B., 2006, Geology of Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, New Jersey-Pennsylvania: GSA Field Guides, v. 8, p. 47-63, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.fld008(04).","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"63","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371046,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              41.17038447781618\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.542236328125,\n              41.17038447781618\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.542236328125,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              41.17038447781618\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Epstein, Jack B. jepstein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack","email":"jepstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207422,"text":"70207422 - 2006 - Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenetic evolution of pericratonic terranes in Yukon, northern British Columbia and eastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T09:49:12","indexId":"70207422","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-02T09:46:42","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3458,"text":"Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenetic evolution of pericratonic terranes in Yukon, northern British Columbia and eastern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Association of Canada","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.L., Colpron, M., Piercey, S., Dusel-Bacon, C., Murphy, D., and Roots, C., 2006, Paleozoic tectonic and metallogenetic evolution of pericratonic terranes in Yukon, northern British Columbia and eastern Alaska: Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada, v. 45, p. 323-360.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"360","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":370464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sjpgeoconsulting.com/SJPGeoConsulting/Publications.html"}],"country":"United States, Canada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.115234375,\n              55.62799595426723\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.537109375,\n              59.5343180010956\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.61718749999999,\n              48.16608541901253\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.14648437499999,\n              58.859223547066584\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.76171875,\n              69.65708627301174\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.15234374999997,\n              69.53451763078358\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.3671875,\n              70.55417853776078\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.115234375,\n              55.62799595426723\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, JoAnne L.","contributorId":221362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"JoAnne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colpron, Maurice","contributorId":221363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colpron","given":"Maurice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piercey, Stephen","contributorId":221364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piercey","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murphy, Donald","contributorId":221365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roots, Charlie","contributorId":221366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roots","given":"Charlie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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