{"pageNumber":"2277","pageRowStart":"56900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184689,"records":[{"id":80069,"text":"ofr20061353 - 2007 - Occurrences of calcareous nannofossil, dinoflagellate cyst, and pollen taxa in Paleocene strate in South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T11:41:09.376649","indexId":"ofr20061353","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1353","title":"Occurrences of calcareous nannofossil, dinoflagellate cyst, and pollen taxa in Paleocene strate in South Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents 26 diagrams showing the occurrences of fossil dinocyst, calcareous nannofossil, and pollen assemblages in Paleocene samples from 15 boreholes in South Carolina.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061353","usgsCitation":"Frederiksen, N.O., Edwards, L.E., Bybell, L.M., and Self-Trail, J.M., 2007, Occurrences of calcareous nannofossil, dinoflagellate cyst, and pollen taxa in Paleocene strate in South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1353, iv, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061353.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":190915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388251,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81501.htm"},{"id":9857,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1353/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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lbybell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":1760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"Laurel","email":"lbybell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean M. jstrail@usgs.gov","contributorId":2205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":291626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80065,"text":"ofr20071165 - 2007 - Effects of Mining on the Environment - A National Overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:12","indexId":"ofr20071165","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1165","title":"Effects of Mining on the Environment - A National Overview","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071165","usgsCitation":"Church, S.E., Schmidt, T., San Juan, C.A., and Plumlee, G., 2007, Effects of Mining on the Environment - A National Overview (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1165, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071165.","productDescription":"64 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9855,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1165/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Church, S. E.","contributorId":58260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, T.S.","contributorId":65175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"San Juan, C. A. 0000-0002-9151-1919","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1919","contributorId":42619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"San Juan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plumlee, G.S.","contributorId":80698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80066,"text":"ofr20071192 - 2007 - Distribution of potential spawning habitat for sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River, 2003-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-17T16:06:32","indexId":"ofr20071192","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1192","title":"Distribution of potential spawning habitat for sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River, 2003-06","docAbstract":"<p><span>We surveyed the Lower Missouri River downstream from Gavins Point Dam near Yankton, South Dakota, to St. Louis, Missouri, during low water conditions in 2003-06 to identify and map coarse substrate deposits and bedrock exposures that might serve as spawning areas for sturgeon and other fishes. More than 330 deposits were identified, including tributary fans, bars, and habitat-enhancement projects. The location and extent of riverside bedrock exposures immediately adjacent to the channel also were mapped. Field surveys identified 48 bedrock exposures whereas the analysis of aerial orthophotographs identified an additional 65 exposures for a total of 113. Maps illustrating the distribution of deposits and their density were developed to aid researchers studying reproductive ecology of sturgeon and other lithophilic fishes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071192","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Laustrup, M.S., Jacobson, R.B., and Simpkins, D.G., 2007, Distribution of potential spawning habitat for sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River, 2003-06: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1192, Report: v, 26 p.; Associated Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071192.","productDescription":"Report: v, 26 p.; Associated Data","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071192.jpg"},{"id":331125,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1192/pdf/OFR2007-1192.pdf","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":331126,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1192/LMOR_substrate.zip","size":"53 kB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":9856,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1192/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100,36 ], [ -100,44 ], [ -88,44 ], [ -88,36 ], [ -100,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ee4b07f02db640358","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laustrup, Mark S.","contributorId":31028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laustrup","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simpkins, Darin G.","contributorId":10892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpkins","given":"Darin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79687,"text":"cir1294 - 2007 - Proceedings for a workshop on deposit modeling, mineral resource assessment, and their role in sustainable development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-15T19:48:24.929632","indexId":"cir1294","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1294","title":"Proceedings for a workshop on deposit modeling, mineral resource assessment, and their role in sustainable development","docAbstract":"<p>The world's use of nonfuel mineral resources continues to increase to support a growing population and increasing standards of living. The ability to meet this increasing demand is affected especially by concerns about possible environmental degradation associated with minerals production and by competing land uses. What information does the world need to support global minerals development in a sustainable way?</p><p>Informed planning and decisions concerning sustainability and future mineral resource supply require a long–term perspective and an integrated approach to resource, land use, economic, and environmental management worldwide. Such perspective and approach require unbiased information on the global distribution of identified and especially undiscovered resources, the economic and political factors influencing their development, and the potential environmental consequences of their exploitation.</p><p>The U.S. Geological Survey and the former Deposit Modeling Program of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) sponsored a workshop on \"Deposit Modeling, Mineral Resource Assessment, and Their Role in Sustainable Development\" at the 31st International Geological Congress (IGC) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on August 18–19, 2000. The purpose of the workshop was to review the state-of-the-art in mineral deposit modeling and resource assessment and to examine the role of global assessments of nonfuel mineral resources in sustainable development.</p><p>The workshop addressed questions such as the following: Which of the available mineral deposit models and assessment methods are best suited for predicting the locations, deposit types, and amounts of undiscovered nonfuel mineral resources remaining in the world? What is the availability of global geologic, mineral deposit, and mineral exploration information? How can mineral resource assessments be used to address economic and environmental issues? Presentations included overviews of assessment methods applied in previous national and other small-scale assessments of large regions and of the resulting assessment products and their uses.</p><p>Twenty-seven people from Canada, China, Finland, Germany, Japan, Peru, Slovenia, South Africa, United States, and Venezuela participated in the 2-day post-Congress workshop. The attendees represented academia, government, environmental organizations, and the mining industry.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1294","isbn":"9781411301275","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Deposit Modeling Program, International Union of Geological Sciences, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization","usgsCitation":"2007, Proceedings for a workshop on deposit modeling, mineral resource assessment, and their role in sustainable development (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1294, vi, 143 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1294.","productDescription":"vi, 143 p.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402234,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81500.htm"},{"id":9862,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2007/1294/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db654e02","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Briskey, Joseph A.","contributorId":77605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briskey","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729050,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schulz, Klaus J. 0000-0003-2967-4765 kschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2967-4765","contributorId":2438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Klaus","email":"kschulz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729051,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80064,"text":"ofr20071074 - 2007 - Preliminary Geologic Map of the Sanchez Reservoir Quadrangle and Eastern Part of the Garcia Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr20071074","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1074","title":"Preliminary Geologic Map of the Sanchez Reservoir Quadrangle and Eastern Part of the Garcia Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado","docAbstract":"This geologic map is based entirely on new mapping by Thompson and Machette, whereas the geophysical data and interpretations were supplied by Drenth.  The map area includes most of San Pedro Mesa, a basalt covered mesa that is uplifted as a horst between the Southern Sangre de Cristo fault zone (on the west) and the San Luis fault zone on the east. The map also includes most of the Sanchez graben, a deep structural basin that lies between the San Luis fault zone (on the west) and the Central Sangre de Cristo fault zone on the east.\r\n\r\nThe oldest rocks in the map area are Proterozoic granites and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, which are only exposed in a small hill on the west-central part of the mesa.  The low hills that rise above San Pedro mesa are comprised of middle(?) Miocene volcanic rocks that are undated, but possibly correlative with mapped rocks to the east of Sanchez Reservoir. The bulk of the map area is comprised of the Servilleta Basalt, a regional series of flood basalts of Pliocene age. The west, north, and northeast margins of the mesa are covered by extensive landslide deposits that rest on poorly exposed sediment of the Santa Fe Group.  Rare exposures of the sediment are comprised of siltstones, sandstones, and minor fluvial conglomerates.\r\n\r\nMost of the low ground surrounding the mesa is covered by surficial deposits of Quaternary age.  The piedmont alluvium is subdivided into three Pleistocene units, and three Holocene units.  The oldest Pleistocene gravel (unit Qao) forms an extensive coalesced alluvial fan and piedmont surface that is known as the Costilla Plains.  This surface extends west from San Pedro Mesa to the Rio Grande.\r\n\r\nThe primary geologic hazards in the map are are from earthquakes and landslides.  There are three major fault zones in the area (as discussed above), and they all show evidence for late Pleistocene to possible Holocene movement.  Two generations of landslides are mapped (younger and older), and both may have seismogenic origins.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071074","usgsCitation":"Thompson, R.A., Machette, M., and Drenth, B.J., 2007, Preliminary Geologic Map of the Sanchez Reservoir Quadrangle and Eastern Part of the Garcia Quadrangle, Costilla County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1074, Map: 44 x 34 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071074.","productDescription":"Map: 44 x 34 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110733,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81473.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81473"},{"id":194909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9854,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1074/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.51777777777778,37 ], [ -105.51777777777778,37.1175 ], [ -105.36749999999999,37.1175 ], [ -105.36749999999999,37 ], [ -105.51777777777778,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cc05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Ren A. 0000-0002-3044-3043 rathomps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-3043","contributorId":1265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Ren","email":"rathomps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Machette, Michael N.","contributorId":28963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80062,"text":"fs20073045 - 2007 - Boiling water at Hot Creek— The dangerous and dynamic thermal springs in California’s Long Valley Caldera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T20:57:10.422058","indexId":"fs20073045","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3045","title":"Boiling water at Hot Creek— The dangerous and dynamic thermal springs in California’s Long Valley Caldera","docAbstract":"The beautiful blue pools and impressive boiling fountains along Hot Creek in east-central California have provided enjoyment to generations of visitors, but they have also been the cause of injury or death to some who disregarded warnings and fences. The springs and geysers in the stream bed and along its banks change location, temperature, and flow rates frequently and unpredictably. The hot springs and geysers of Hot Creek are visible signs of dynamic geologic processes in this volcanic region, where underground heat drives thermal spring activity.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073045","usgsCitation":"Farrar, C.D., Evans, W.C., Venezky, D.Y., Hurwitz, S., and Oliver, L.K., 2007, Boiling water at Hot Creek— The dangerous and dynamic thermal springs in California’s Long Valley Caldera (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3045, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073045.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":367,"text":"Long Valley Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3045.jpg"},{"id":388459,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81467.htm"},{"id":9847,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.25,37.5 ], [ -119.25,37.833333333333336 ], [ -118.5,37.833333333333336 ], [ -118.5,37.5 ], [ -119.25,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607457","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farrar, Christopher D. cdfarrar@usgs.gov","contributorId":1501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"Christopher","email":"cdfarrar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Venezky, Dina Y.","contributorId":36232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venezky","given":"Dina","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oliver, Lynn K.","contributorId":72481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80060,"text":"sir20075072 - 2007 - Measured and Estimated Sodium-Adsorption Ratios for Tongue River and its Tributaries, Montana and Wyoming, 2004-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:18","indexId":"sir20075072","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5072","title":"Measured and Estimated Sodium-Adsorption Ratios for Tongue River and its Tributaries, Montana and Wyoming, 2004-06","docAbstract":"The Tongue River drains an area of about 5,400 square miles and flows northward from its headwaters in the Bighorn National Forest of northeastern Wyoming to join the Yellowstone River at Miles City, Montana. Water from the Tongue River and its tributaries is extensively used for irrigation in both Wyoming and Montana. The Tongue River watershed contains vast coal deposits that are extracted at several surface mines. In some areas of the watershed, the coal beds also contain methane gas (coal-bed methane or natural gas), which has become the focus of intense exploration and development. Production of coal-bed methane requires the pumping of large volumes of ground water from the coal beds to reduce water pressure within the formation and release the stored gas. Water from the coal beds typically is high in sodium and low in calcium and magnesium, resulting in a high sodium-adsorption ratio (SAR). Disposal of ground water with high sodium concentrations into the Tongue River has the potential to increase salinity and SAR of water in the river, and potentially reduce the quality of water for irrigation purposes.\r\n\r\nThis report documents SAR values measured in water samples collected at 12 monitoring sites in the Tongue River watershed and presents regression relations between specific conductance (SC) and SAR at each site for the years 2004-06. SAR in water samples was determined from laboratory-measured concentrations of sodium, calcium, and magnesium. The results of regression analysis indicated that SC and SAR were significantly related (p-values < 0.05) at most sites. The regression relations developed for most monitoring sites in the Tongue River watershed were used with continuous SC data to estimate daily SAR during the 2004 and 2005 irrigation seasons and to estimate 2006 provisional SAR values, which were displayed on the Web in real-time.\r\n\r\nWater samples were collected and analyzed from seven sites on the main stem of the Tongue River located at: (1) Monarch, Wyoming, station 06299980, (2) State line near Decker, Montana, station 06306300, (3) Tongue River Dam near Decker, Montana, station 06307500, (4) Birney Day School Bridge near Birney, Montana, station 06307616, (5) below Brandenberg Bridge near Ashland, Montana, station 06307830, (6) above T&Y Diversion Dam near Miles City, Montana, station 06307990, and (7) Miles City, Montana, station 06308500. Water samples were collected and analyzed from five sites on tributaries located at: (1) Goose Creek near Acme, Wyoming, station 06305700, (2) Prairie Dog Creek near Acme, Wyoming, station 06306250, (3) Hanging Woman Creek near Birney, Montana, station 06307600, (4) Otter Creek at Ashland, Montana, station 06307740, and (5) Pumpkin Creek near Miles City, Montana, station 06308400. All water-quality data for samples collected at these 12 sites can be accessed at Web sites http://waterdata.usgs.gov/mt/nwis or http://waterdata.usgs.gov/wy/nwis.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075072","usgsCitation":"Cannon, M.R., Nimick, D.A., Cleasby, T., Kinsey, S., and Lambing, J.H., 2007, Measured and Estimated Sodium-Adsorption Ratios for Tongue River and its Tributaries, Montana and Wyoming, 2004-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5072, vii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075072.","productDescription":"vii, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9830,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5072/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108,44 ], [ -108,47 ], [ -105,47 ], [ -105,44 ], [ -108,44 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db610813","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, M. R.","contributorId":99140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleasby, Thomas E. 0000-0003-0694-1541","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-1541","contributorId":21993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleasby","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kinsey, Stacy M. skinsey@usgs.gov","contributorId":1136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinsey","given":"Stacy M.","email":"skinsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lambing, John H.","contributorId":64272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambing","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80061,"text":"sir20075097 - 2007 - Water-level and land-subsidence studies in the Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-12T13:30:57.581642","indexId":"sir20075097","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5097","title":"Water-level and land-subsidence studies in the Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins","docAbstract":"<p>Since 1992, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Mojave Water Agency (MWA), has constructed a series of regional water-table maps for intermittent years in a continuing effort to monitor groundwater conditions in the Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins. The previously published data, which were used to construct these maps, can be accessed on the interactive map. The associated reports describing the groundwater conditions for the Mojave River groundwater basin for 1992 (Stamos and Predmore, 1995), the Morongo groundwater basin for 1994 (Trayler and Koczot, 1995), and for both groundwater basins for 1996 (Mendez and Christensen, 1997); for 1998 (Smith and Pimentel, 2000), for 2000 (Smith, 2002), for 2002 (Smith and others, 2004), for 2004 (Stamos and others, 2004), and for 2006 (Stamos and others, 2007) can be accessed using this web site.</p><p>Spatially detailed maps of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) methods were used to characterize land subsidence associated with groundwater-level declines during various intervals of time between 1992 and 1999 in the Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins (Sneed and others, 2003). Concerns related to the potential for new or renewed land subsidence in the basins resulted in a cooperative study between the MWA and the USGS in 2006. InSAR data were developed to determine the location, extent, and magnitude of vertical land-surface changes in the Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins for time intervals ranging from about 35 days to 14 months between 1999 and 2000 and between 2003 and 2004. (interactive Google map) The results from many future land-subsidence studies, which are scheduled about every 10 years, will be available on this website.</p><p>Mapping of water-level contours, water-level change and numerous InSAR images were combined in an interactive map. This interactive map may be customized to your needs and viewed at a scale that is appropriate for the data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075097","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mojave Water Agency","usgsCitation":"Stamos, C., Glockhoff, C.S., McPherson, K.R., and Julich, R.J., 2007, Water-level and land-subsidence studies in the Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins (Originally posted June 25, 2007; Revised August 19, 2009, ver. 2.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5097, HTML Document; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075097.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Metadata","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20075097.PNG"},{"id":273111,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/cont2006.xml"},{"id":285274,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ca.water.usgs.gov/mojave/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":406477,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81465.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9846,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5097/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.6619,\n              34.0958\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              34.0958\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              35.2333\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.6619,\n              35.2333\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.6619,\n              34.0958\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Originally posted June 25, 2007; Revised August 19, 2009, ver. 2.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47a5e4b07f02db497af0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stamos, Christina L. 0000-0002-1007-9352","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-9352","contributorId":19593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamos","given":"Christina L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glockhoff, Carolyn S.","contributorId":19639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glockhoff","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPherson, Kelly R. 0000-0002-2340-4142 krmcpher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-4142","contributorId":1376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Kelly","email":"krmcpher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Julich, Raymond J. rjulich@usgs.gov","contributorId":1912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julich","given":"Raymond","email":"rjulich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80059,"text":"cir1303 - 2007 - A framework for assessing the sustainability of monitored natural attenuation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-26T13:50:34","indexId":"cir1303","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1303","displayTitle":"A Framework for Assessing the Sustainability of Monitored Natural Attenuation","title":"A framework for assessing the sustainability of monitored natural attenuation","docAbstract":"The sustainability of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) over time depends upon (1) the presence of chemical/biochemical processes that transform wastes to innocuous byproducts, and (2) the availability of energy to drive these processes to completion. The presence or absence of contaminant-transforming chemical/biochemical processes can be determined by observing contaminant mass loss over time and space (mass balance). The energy available to drive these processes to completion can be assessed by measuring the pool of metabolizable organic carbon available in a system, and by tracing the flow of this energy to available electron acceptors (energy balance). For the special case of chlorinated ethenes in ground-water systems, for which a variety of contaminant-transforming biochemical processes exist, natural attenuation is sustainable when the pool of bioavailable organic carbon is large relative to the carbon flux needed to drive biodegradation to completion.\r\n\r\nThese principles are illustrated by assessing the sustainability of MNA at a chlorinated ethene-contaminated site in Kings Bay, Georgia. Approximately 1,000 kilograms of perchloroethene (PCE) was released to a municipal landfill in the 1978-1980 timeframe, and the resulting plume of chlorinated ethenes migrated toward a nearby housing development. A numerical model, built using the sequential electron acceptor model code (SEAM3D), was used to quantify mass and energy balance in this system. The model considered the dissolution of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) as the source of the PCE, and was designed to trace energy flow from dissolved organic carbon to available electron acceptors in the sequence oxygen > chlorinated ethenes > ferric iron > sulfate > carbon dioxide. The model was constrained by (1) comparing simulated and measured rates of ground-water flow, (2) reproducing the observed distribution of electron-accepting processes in the aquifer, (3) comparing observed and measured concentrations of chlorinated ethenes, and (4) reproducing the observed production and subsequent dilution of dissolved chloride, a final degradation product of chloroethene biodegradation.\r\n\r\nSimulations using the constrained model indicated that an average flux of 5 milligrams per liter per day of organic carbon (CH2O) per model cell (25 square meters) is required to support the short-term sustainability of MNA. Because this flux is small relative to the pool of renewable organic carbon (about 4.7 x 107 milligrams [mg] per model cell) present in the soil zone and non-renewable carbon (about 6.9 x 108 mg per model cell) in an organic-rich sediment layer overlying the aquifer, the long-term sustainability of MNA is similarly large. This study illustrates that the short- and long-term sustainability of MNA can be assessed by:\r\n\r\n1. Estimating the time required for contaminants to dissolve/disperse/degrade under ambient hydrologic conditions (time of remediation). \r\n2. Quantifying the organic carbon flux to the system needed to consume competing electron acceptors (oxygen) and direct electron flow toward chloroethene degradation (short-term sustainability). \r\n3. Comparing the required flux of organic carbon to the pool of renewable and non-renewable organic carbon given the estimated time of remediation (long-term sustainability).\r\n\r\nThese are general principles that can be used to assess the sustainability of MNA in any hydrologic system.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1303","isbn":"9781411317741","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., Novak, J., Parker, J., Campbell, B.G., and Widdowson, M.A., 2007, A framework for assessing the sustainability of monitored natural attenuation: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1303, viii, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1303.","productDescription":"viii, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9820,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1303/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4955e4b0b290850ef103","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Novak, John","contributorId":30700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novak","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, John","contributorId":74377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, Bruce G. 0000-0003-4800-6674 bcampbel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-6674","contributorId":995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Bruce","email":"bcampbel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80058,"text":"sir20065311 - 2007 - Investigation of Ground-Water Contamination at Solid Waste Management Unit 12, Naval Weapons Station Charleston, North Charleston, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T09:34:19","indexId":"sir20065311","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5311","title":"Investigation of Ground-Water Contamination at Solid Waste Management Unit 12, Naval Weapons Station Charleston, North Charleston, South Carolina","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and the Naval Facilities Engineering Command Southeast investigated natural and engineered remediation of chlorinated volatile organic compound ground-water contamination at Solid Waste Management Unit 12 at the Naval Weapons Station Charleston, North Charleston, South Carolina. The primary contaminants of interest are tetrachloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene, vinyl chloride, 1,1-dichloroethane, and 1,1-dichloroethene.\r\n\r\nIn general, the hydrogeology of Solid Waste Management Unit 12 consists of a surficial aquifer, composed of sand to clayey sand, overlain by dense clay that extends from about land surface to a depth of about 8 to 10 feet and substantially limits local recharge. During some months in the summer, evapotranspiration and limited local recharge result in ground-water level depressions in the forested area near wells 12MW-12S and 12MW-17S, seasonally reflecting the effects of evapotranspiration. Changes in surface-water levels following Hurricane Gaston in 2004 resulted in a substantial change in the ground-water levels at the site that, in turn, may have caused lateral shifting of the contaminant plume. Hydraulic conductivity, determined by slug tests, is higher along the axis of the plume in the downgradient part of the forests than adjacent to the plume, implying that there is some degree of lithologic control on the plume location. Hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic gradient, sulfur-hexafluoride measurements, and historical data indicate that ground-water flow rates are substantially slower in the forested area relative to upgradient areas.\r\n\r\nThe ground-water contamination, consisting of chlorinated volatile organic compounds, extends eastward in the surficial aquifer from the probable source area near a former underground storage tank. Engineered remediation approaches include a permeable reactive barrier and phytoremediation. The central part of the permeable reactive barrier along the main axis of the contaminant plume appears to be actively removing contamination; however, ground-water contamination is moving around the southern end of the permeable reactive barrier. Changes in the contaminant concentrations along the path of ground-water transport reflect a complex variety of influences. Potential influences include dechlorination, sorption and desorption, transpirative removal by trees, lateral shifting of the plume, and the presence of zones of differing concentrations possibly reflecting one or more pulse releases of contamination from the source area.\r\n\r\nNear the source area at well 12MW-10S, volatile organic compound concentrations of cis-1,2-dichlorothene, vinyl chloride, 1,1-dichloroethane, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane continued an irregular decline, while tetrachloroethene and 1,1-dichloroethene showed marked fluctuations in concentration during 2005 and 2006. Volatile organic compound concentrations at well 12MW-03S continued to show decreasing concentrations with the June 2006 concentrations being the lowest yet recorded at that well for several volatile organic compounds. Concentration and delta carbon 13 data indicate that in the upgradient part of the plume, tetrachloroethene is being degraded to trichloroethene, which is being degraded to cis-1,2-dichloroethene, and cis-1,2-dichloroethene is accumulating faster than it is being depleted.\r\n\r\nGround-water volatile organic compound concentrations also changed in some wells in the forested area in the midpart of the plume. Increasing tetrachloroethene and decreasing trichloroethene and 1,1-dichloroethene concentrations were observed at wells 12MW-05S and 12MW-29S, possibly reflecting a lateral shift in the axis of the contamination plume or an advancing contamination pulse. Substantial decreases in contamination occur in the forested area downgradient from well 12MW-05S. Probable major loss mechanisms in this area include evapotranspiration and sorption.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20065311","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Naval Facilities Engineering Command Southeast","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D.A., Casey, C.C., Petkewich, M.D., Lowery, M.A., Conlon, K.J., and Harrelson, L.G., 2007, Investigation of Ground-Water Contamination at Solid Waste Management Unit 12, Naval Weapons Station Charleston, North Charleston, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5311, Report: viii, 83 p.; Plate: 26 x 20 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065311.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 83 p.; Plate: 26 x 20 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9819,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5311/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.08333333333333,32.833333333333336 ], [ -80.08333333333333,33.083333333333336 ], [ -79.83333333333333,33.083333333333336 ], [ -79.83333333333333,32.833333333333336 ], [ -80.08333333333333,32.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b1e4b07f02db53046c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, Don A. vroblesk@usgs.gov","contributorId":413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"Don","email":"vroblesk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casey, Clifton C.","contributorId":15140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"Clifton","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petkewich, Matthew D. 0000-0002-5749-6356 mdpetkew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5749-6356","contributorId":982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"Matthew","email":"mdpetkew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowery, Mark A.","contributorId":77872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowery","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conlon, Kevin J. 0000-0003-0798-368X kjconlon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-368X","contributorId":2561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"Kevin","email":"kjconlon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harrelson, Larry G.","contributorId":70059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrelson","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":80057,"text":"ofr20071069 - 2007 - Selected Hydrogeologic Data for the High Plains Aquifer in Southwestern Laramie County, Wyoming, 1931-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T16:56:32","indexId":"ofr20071069","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1069","title":"Selected Hydrogeologic Data for the High Plains Aquifer in Southwestern Laramie County, Wyoming, 1931-2006","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wyoming State Engineer's Office, created a hydrogeologic database for southwestern Laramie County, Wyoming. The database contains records from 166 wells and test holes drilled during 1931-2006. Several types of information, including well construction; well or test hole locations; lithologic logs; gamma, neutron, spontaneous-potential, and single-point resistivity logs; water levels; and transmissivities and storativities estimated from aquifer tests, are available in the database. Most wells and test holes in the database have records containing information about construction, location, and lithology; 77 wells and test holes have geophysical logs; 70 wells have tabulated water-level data; and 60 wells have records of aquifer-test results.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wyoming State Engineer's Office","usgsCitation":"Hallberg, L.L., and Mason, J., 2007, Selected Hydrogeologic Data for the High Plains Aquifer in Southwestern Laramie County, Wyoming, 1931-2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1069, Available online only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071069.","productDescription":"Available online only","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9815,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1069/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.5,41 ], [ -105.5,41.5 ], [ -104.75,41.5 ], [ -104.75,41 ], [ -105.5,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa82c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hallberg, Laura L. 0000-0001-9983-8003 lhallber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9983-8003","contributorId":1825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallberg","given":"Laura","email":"lhallber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mason, Jon P.","contributorId":26758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"Jon P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80056,"text":"b2204F - 2007 - Total Petroleum Systems of the Carpathian - Balkanian Basin Province of Romania and Bulgaria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T16:42:42","indexId":"b2204F","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2204","chapter":"F","title":"Total Petroleum Systems of the Carpathian - Balkanian Basin Province of Romania and Bulgaria","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey defined the Moesian Platform Composite Total Petroleum System and the Dysodile Schist-Tertiary Total Petroleum System, which contain three assessment units, in the Carpathian-Balkanian Basin Province of Romania and Bulgaria.\r\n\r\nThe Moesian Platform Assessment Unit, contained within the Moesian Platform Composite Total Petroleum System, is composed of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks within the Moesian platform region of southern Romania and northern Bulgaria and also within the Birlad depression in the northeastern platform area. In Romania, hydrocarbon sources are identified as carbonate rocks and bituminous claystones within the Middle Devonian, Middle Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, and Neogene stratigraphic sequences. In the Birlad depression, Neogene pelitic strata have the best potential for generating hydrocarbons. In Bulgaria, Middle and Upper Jurassic shales are the most probable hydrocarbon sources.\r\n\r\nThe Romania Flysch Zone Assessment Unit in the Dysodile Schist-Tertiary Total Petroleum System encompasses three structural and paleogeographic subunits within the Pre-Carpathian Mountains region: (1) the Getic depression, a segment of the Carpathian foredeep; (2) the flysch zone of the eastern Carpathian Mountains (also called the Marginal Fold nappe); and (3) the Miocene zone (also called the Sub-Carpathian nappe). Source rocks are interpreted to be Oligocene dysodile schist and black claystone, along with Miocene black claystone and marls.\r\n\r\nAlso part of the Dysodile Schist-Tertiary Total Petroleum System is the Romania Ploiesti Zone Assessment Unit, which includes a zone of diapir folds. This zone lies between the Rimnicu Sarat and Dinibovita valleys and between the folds of the inner Carpathian Mountains and the external flanks of the Carpathian foredeep. The Oligocene Dysodile Schist is considered the main hydrocarbon source rock and Neogene black marls and claystones are likely secondary sources; all are thought to be at their maximum thermal maturation.\r\n\r\nUndiscovered resources in the Carpathian-Balkanian Basin Province are estimated, at the mean, to be 2,076 billion cubic feet of gas, 1,013 million barrels of oil, and 116 million barrels of natural gas liquids.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"World Petroleum Assessment 2000","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2204F","usgsCitation":"Pawlewicz, M., 2007, Total Petroleum Systems of the Carpathian - Balkanian Basin Province of Romania and Bulgaria (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2204, v, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2204F.","productDescription":"v, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9814,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2204/f/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 14,41 ], [ 14,52 ], [ 30,52 ], [ 30,41 ], [ 14,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a5e4b07f02db5c1487","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pawlewicz, Mark","contributorId":69212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlewicz","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80055,"text":"ofr20071158 - 2007 - Mars Global Digital Dune Database: MC2-MC29","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:43","indexId":"ofr20071158","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1158","title":"Mars Global Digital Dune Database: MC2-MC29","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nThe Mars Global Digital Dune Database presents data and describes the methodology used in creating the database. The database provides a comprehensive and quantitative view of the geographic distribution of moderate- to large-size dune fields from 65? N to 65? S latitude and encompasses ~ 550 dune fields. The database will be expanded to cover the entire planet in later versions. Although we have attempted to include all dune fields between 65? N and 65? S, some have likely been excluded for two reasons: 1) incomplete THEMIS IR (daytime) coverage may have caused us to exclude some moderate- to large-size dune fields or 2) resolution of THEMIS IR coverage (100m/pixel) certainly caused us to exclude smaller dune fields. The smallest dune fields in the database are ~ 1 km2 in area. While the moderate to large dune fields are likely to constitute the largest compilation of sediment on the planet, smaller stores of sediment of dunes are likely to be found elsewhere via higher resolution data. Thus, it should be noted that our database excludes all small dune fields and some moderate to large dune fields as well. Therefore the absence of mapped dune fields does not mean that such dune fields do not exist and is not intended to imply a lack of saltating sand in other areas.\r\n\r\nWhere availability and quality of THEMIS visible (VIS) or Mars Orbiter Camera narrow angle (MOC NA) images allowed, we classifed dunes and included dune slipface measurements, which were derived from gross dune morphology and represent the prevailing wind direction at the last time of significant dune modification. For dunes located within craters, the azimuth from crater centroid to dune field centroid was calculated. Output from a general circulation model (GCM) is also included. In addition to polygons locating dune fields, the database includes over 1800 selected Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) infrared (IR), THEMIS visible (VIS) and Mars Orbiter Camera Narrow Angle (MOC NA) images that were used to build the database.\r\n\r\nThe database is presented in a variety of formats. It is presented as a series of ArcReader projects which can be opened using the free ArcReader software. The latest version of ArcReader can be downloaded at http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcreader/download.html. The database is also presented in ArcMap projects. The ArcMap projects allow fuller use of the data, but require ESRI ArcMap? software. Multiple projects were required to accommodate the large number of images needed. A fuller description of the projects can be found in the Dunes_ReadMe file and the ReadMe_GIS file in the Documentation folder. For users who prefer to create their own projects, the data is available in ESRI shapefile and geodatabase formats, as well as the open Geographic Markup Language (GML) format. A printable map of the dunes and craters in the database is available as a Portable Document Format (PDF) document. The map is also included as a JPEG file. ReadMe files are available in PDF and ASCII (.txt) files. Tables are available in both Excel (.xls) and ASCII formats.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071158","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona State University, Planetary Science Institute, and NASA: Ames Research Center","usgsCitation":"Hayward, R., Mullins, K.F., Fenton, L., Hare, T., Titus, T., Bourke, M., Colaprete, A., and Christensen, P.R., 2007, Mars Global Digital Dune Database: MC2-MC29 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1158, ReadMe; Database Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071158.","productDescription":"ReadMe; Database Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":130,"text":"Astrogeology Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9813,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1158/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"95000000","projection":"Simple Cylindrical","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 0,-65 ], [ 0,65 ], [ 0,65 ], [ 0,-65 ], [ 0,-65 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f69d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayward, Rosalyn K.","contributorId":90955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayward","given":"Rosalyn K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mullins, Kevin F.","contributorId":47950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fenton, L.K.","contributorId":102189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenton","given":"L.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hare, T.M. 0000-0001-8842-389X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":43828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Titus, T.N.","contributorId":102615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"T.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bourke, M.C.","contributorId":59165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bourke","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Colaprete, Anthony","contributorId":62079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colaprete","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Christensen, P. R.","contributorId":7819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70245176,"text":"70245176 - 2007 - Mineralogic and textural analyses of drill cuttings from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) boreholes: Initial interpretations of fault zone composition and constraints on geologic models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-21T11:13:17.934443","indexId":"70245176","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-21T06:05:20","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogic and textural analyses of drill cuttings from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) boreholes: Initial interpretations of fault zone composition and constraints on geologic models","docAbstract":"<div id=\"14820741\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>We examine drill cuttings from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) boreholes to determine the lithology and deformational textures in the fault zones and host rocks. Cutting samples represent the lithologies from 1.7-km map distance and 3.2-km vertical depth adjacent to the San Andreas Fault. We analyzed two hundred and sixty-six grain-mount thin-sections at an average of 30-m-cuttings sample spacing from the vertical 2.2-km-deep Pilot Hole and the 3.99-km-long Main Hole. We identify Quaternary and Tertiary(?) sedimentary rocks in the upper 700 m of the holes; granitic rocks from 760–1920 m measured depth; arkosic and lithic arenites, interbed-ded with siltstone sequences, from 1920 to ∼3150 m measured depth; and interbed-ded siltstones, mudstones, and shales from 3150 m to 3987 m measured depth. We also infer the presence of at least five fault zones, which include regions of damage zone and fault core on the basis of percent of cataclasite abundances, presence of deformed grains, and presence of alteration phases at 1050, 1600–2000, 2200–2500, 2700–3000, 3050–3350, and 3500 m measured depth in the Main Hole. These zones are correlated with borehole geophysical signatures that are consistent with the presence of faults. If the deeper zones of cataclasite and alteration intensity connect to the surface trace of the San Andreas Fault, then this fault zone dips 80–85° southwest, and consists of multiple slip surfaces in a damage zone ∼250–300 m thick. This interpretation is supported by borehole geophysical studies, which show this area is a region of low seismic velocities, reduced resistivity, and variable porosity.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00076.1","usgsCitation":"Bradbury, K., Barton, D., Solum, J., Draper, S., and Evans, J., 2007, Mineralogic and textural analyses of drill cuttings from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) boreholes: Initial interpretations of fault zone composition and constraints on geologic models: Geosphere, v. 3, no. 5, p. 299-318, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00076.1.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"318","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476893,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00076.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418273,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD)","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.59297124012136,\n              35.99729609647078\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.59297124012136,\n              35.90506432740035\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46187819396738,\n              35.90506432740035\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46187819396738,\n              35.99729609647078\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.59297124012136,\n              35.99729609647078\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradbury, K.K.","contributorId":310473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, D.C.","contributorId":310474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barton","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Solum, J.G.","contributorId":79280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solum","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Draper, S.D.","contributorId":310475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Draper","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evans, J.P.","contributorId":94050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70245170,"text":"70245170 - 2007 - Gas generation from groundwater interaction with an iron treatment wall, Fry Canyon, Utah, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-20T12:18:00.225335","indexId":"70245170","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T07:13:51","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Gas generation from groundwater interaction with an iron treatment wall, Fry Canyon, Utah, USA","docAbstract":"<div class=\"nova-legacy-l-flex__item nova-legacy-l-flex__item--grow research-detail-middle-section__item\"><div class=\"nova-legacy-c-card nova-legacy-c-card--spacing-m nova-legacy-c-card--elevation-1-above\"><div class=\"nova-legacy-c-card__body nova-legacy-c-card__body--spacing-inherit\"><div class=\"nova-legacy-e-text nova-legacy-e-text--size-m nova-legacy-e-text--family-sans-serif nova-legacy-e-text--spacing-none nova-legacy-e-text--color-grey-800 research-detail-middle-section__abstract\">Gas generation from groundwater interaction with a field-scale zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier (ZVI PRB) was measured and simulated with the geochemical reaction path model PHREEQC. Due to anaerobic corrosion of Fe (0) within the ZVI PRB, measured total dissolved gas (TDG) pressure exceeded hydrostatic pressure resulting in ebullition and depletion in dissolved noble gases. Geochemical modeling indicates that Fe (0)corrosion coupled withCH 4(g)production simulates the measured partial pressures ofCH 4(g) within the ZVI PRB required to exceed the hydrostatic pressure. Decreases in Ne(g) and Ar(g) in groundwater from the ZVI PRB indicate that the over pressuring from CH 4(g) production has been sufficient for bubble formation and subsequent ebullition.</div></div></div></div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"usgsCitation":"Naftz, D., Stolp, B., Fuller, C., Snyder, T., and Wilkins, M., 2007, Gas generation from groundwater interaction with an iron treatment wall, Fry Canyon, Utah, USA, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction, p. 629-632.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"632","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naftz, D.L.","contributorId":310466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naftz","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stolp, B.J.","contributorId":310467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stolp","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, C.C.","contributorId":310468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snyder, T.","contributorId":310469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilkins, M.","contributorId":310470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkins","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70245169,"text":"70245169 - 2007 - Subsurface monitoring of anthropogenic CO 2 injected in sedimentary basins: Results from the Frio-I brine test, Texas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-20T12:04:08.054167","indexId":"70245169","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T06:59:47","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Subsurface monitoring of anthropogenic CO 2 injected in sedimentary basins: Results from the Frio-I brine test, Texas, USA","docAbstract":"<div class=\"nova-legacy-l-flex__item nova-legacy-l-flex__item--grow research-detail-middle-section__item\"><div class=\"nova-legacy-c-card nova-legacy-c-card--spacing-m nova-legacy-c-card--elevation-1-above\"><div class=\"nova-legacy-c-card__body nova-legacy-c-card__body--spacing-inherit\"><div class=\"nova-legacy-e-text nova-legacy-e-text--size-m nova-legacy-e-text--family-sans-serif nova-legacy-e-text--spacing-none nova-legacy-e-text--color-grey-800 research-detail-middle-section__abstract\">To investigate the potential for the long-term storage of CO 2 in deep saline aquifers, 1600 t of CO 2 were injected at 1500m depth into a 24-m-thick \"C\" sandstone of the Frio Formation near Houston, Texas. Fluid samples obtained before CO 2 injection from the injection well and an observation well 30m updip showed a Na-Ca-Cl type brine with ∼93,000 mg/L TDS at saturation with CH 4, but only 0.3% CO 2. Following CO 2 breakthrough, samples showed sharp drops in pH, pronounced increases in alkalinity and Fe, and significant shifts in the isotopic compositions of H 2O, and DIC. These parameters, together with perfluorocarbon tracer gases were used for monitoring migration of injected CO 2 into the overlying Frio \"B\", a 4-m-thick sandstone, separated from the \"C\" by ∼15m of shale and siltstone beds. Results from \"B\" 6 mo after injection show significant CO 2 (2.9% vs. 0.3% CO 2) migration into the \"B\" sandstone. Results of samples collected 15 mo after injection, however, show no indications of additional CO 2 in the \"B\" sandstone.</div></div></div></div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kharaka, Y., Thordsen, J., Hovorka, S., Nance, H., Cole, D., Phelps, T., and Knauss, K., 2007, Subsurface monitoring of anthropogenic CO 2 injected in sedimentary basins: Results from the Frio-I brine test, Texas, USA, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction, p. 597-601.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"597","endPage":"601","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kharaka, Y.K.","contributorId":23568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Y.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thordsen, J.J.","contributorId":43121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordsen","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hovorka, S.D.","contributorId":71259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hovorka","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nance, H.S.","contributorId":33112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nance","given":"H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cole, D.R.","contributorId":45503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Phelps, T.J.","contributorId":9848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Knauss, K.G.","contributorId":55194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knauss","given":"K.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70245167,"text":"70245167 - 2007 - Electron microscopy of clay minerals in mudrocks from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-20T11:25:21.491101","indexId":"70245167","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T06:23:14","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3356,"text":"Scientific Drilling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electron microscopy of clay minerals in mudrocks from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD)","docAbstract":"<p><span>No abstract available.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus","doi":"10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.33.2007","usgsCitation":"Schleicher, A.M., van der Pluijm, B., Warr, L.N., and Solum, J.G., 2007, Electron microscopy of clay minerals in mudrocks from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD): Scientific Drilling, v. 1, no. 1, p. 68-70, https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.33.2007.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"70","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.33.2007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schleicher, A. M.","contributorId":304545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schleicher","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van der Pluijm, B.A.","contributorId":56844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van der Pluijm","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warr, L. N.","contributorId":310461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warr","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solum, J. G.","contributorId":304540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solum","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80051,"text":"gip51 - 2007 - Ride the Rockies Postcard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:18","indexId":"gip51","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51","title":"Ride the Rockies Postcard","docAbstract":"2007 Ride The Rockies route on shaded-relief mosaic of USGS Landsat 7 satellite images, northwestern Colorado. To download other USGS materials related to Ride The Rockies, go to http://www.cr.usgs.gov/rtr/index.htm","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/gip51","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2007, Ride the Rockies Postcard (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 51, Postcard, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip51.","productDescription":"Postcard","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip_51.jpg"},{"id":10128,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/2007/51/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db60193f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80036,"text":"sir20075065 - 2007 - Nutrients, suspended sediment, and pesticides in water of the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota and North Dakota, 1990-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-01T11:44:48","indexId":"sir20075065","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5065","title":"Nutrients, suspended sediment, and pesticides in water of the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota and North Dakota, 1990-2004","docAbstract":"<p>Nutrient, suspended sediment, and pesticide data from 1990 through 2004 in the Red River of the North Basin were compiled, summarized, and compared to historical data. Streamflow varied widely throughout the basin during the 1990-2004 study period. For 19 of 22 streamflow sites, median annual streamflow during the study period exceeded the long-term average streamflow. High streamflow can have a substantial effect on water quality. In water samples from selected surface-water sites, nitrite plus nitrate concentrations ranged from less than 0.005 to 7.7 milligrams per liter; total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 7.5 milligrams per liter; total phosphorus concentrations ranged from less than 0.005 to 4.14 milligrams per liter; and dissolved phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.003 to 4.13 milligrams per liter. Surface-water samples from the Pembina River basin generally had higher nitrite plus nitrate, total phosphorus, and suspended sediment concentrations compared to samples from other Red River Basin sites. Historical data from 1970 through 1990 showed relatively high nitrite plus nitrate and suspended sediment concentrations in samples from some Pembina River sites; in contrast to the 1990-2004 period, total phosphorus concentrations from the 1970-90 period generally were highest at Red River of the North sites. Nitrate concentrations in ground-water samples for the 1990-2004 period were highest in Sheridan County, North Dakota and Marshall and Otter Tail Counties in Minnesota. Concentrations of nitrate in ground water in Marshall and Otter Tail Counties corresponded to relatively high reported fertilizer applications during 2002; however, Sheridan County did not have the high fertilizer applications in 2002 compared to other North Dakota and Minnesota counties. The most frequently detected pesticides or pesticide metabolites were 2, 4-D, bentazon, de-ethylatrazine, metolachlor, picloram, and triallate in surface water and alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), atrazine, de-ethylatrazine, picloram, and triazine in ground water. None of the most frequently detected pesticides or metabolites sampled and analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey or available in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Storage and Retrieval System (STORET) during 1990-2004 were detected frequently during 1970-90, with the exception of 2,4-D.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075065","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V., 2007, Nutrients, suspended sediment, and pesticides in water of the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota and North Dakota, 1990-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5065, vi, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075065.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1990-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water 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49.001843917978526 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a2bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, V.G.","contributorId":23583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"V.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80052,"text":"ofr20071167 - 2007 - Chromium - A National Mineral Commodity Perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:08","indexId":"ofr20071167","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1167","title":"Chromium - A National Mineral Commodity Perspective","docAbstract":"Summary\r\n\r\nThis report contains the 23 Power Point slides from a presentation made by the author at the meeting of the Washington, DC Section of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc. held in Washington, DC, on January 9, 2007.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071167","usgsCitation":"Papp, J.F., 2007, Chromium - A National Mineral Commodity Perspective: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1167, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071167.","productDescription":"48 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9810,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1167/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e22d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Papp, John F. jpapp@usgs.gov","contributorId":2895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papp","given":"John","email":"jpapp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80042,"text":"sir20065289 - 2007 - Quality of Selected Hungarian Coals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"sir20065289","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5289","title":"Quality of Selected Hungarian Coals","docAbstract":"As part of a program conducted jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Hungarian Geological Survey under the auspices of the United States-Hungarian Science and Technology Fund, a total of 39 samples from five coal mines in Hungary were selected for analysis. The mine areas sampled represent most of the coal mined recently in Hungary. Almost all the coal is used to generate electricity.\r\n\r\nCoals from the five mines (four underground, one surface) reflect differences in age, depositional setting, organic and inorganic components of the original sediments, and deformational history. Classified according to the ranking system of the American Society for Testing and Materials, the coals range in rank from lignite B (Pliocene[?] coals) to high volatile A bituminous (Jurassic coals). With respect to grade classification, based on seam-weighted averages of moisture, ash, and sulfur contents: (1) all contain high moisture (more than 10 percent), (2) all except the Eocene coals are high (more than 15 percent) in ash yield, and (3) two (Jurassic and Eocene coals) are high in sulfur (more than 3 percent) and three (Cretaceous, Miocene, and Pliocene coals) have medium sulfur contents (1 to 3 percent). Average heat values range from 4,000 to 8,650 British thermal units per pound.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20065289","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mineral Management Division, Hungarian Geological Survey and the United States?Hungarian Science and Technology Joint Fund","usgsCitation":"Landis, E., Rohrbacher, T., Gluskoter, H., Fodor, B., and Gombar, G., 2007, Quality of Selected Hungarian Coals (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5289, v, 107 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065289.","productDescription":"v, 107 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9801,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5289/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 15,45 ], [ 15,49 ], [ 24,49 ], [ 24,45 ], [ 15,45 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a73e4b07f02db643a0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landis, E.R.","contributorId":40605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rohrbacher, T.J.","contributorId":56274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohrbacher","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gluskoter, H.J.","contributorId":75957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gluskoter","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fodor, B.","contributorId":98003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fodor","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gombar, G.","contributorId":25256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gombar","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80050,"text":"sir20075093 - 2007 - Property-Transfer Modeling to Estimate Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Deep Sediments at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"sir20075093","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5093","title":"Property-Transfer Modeling to Estimate Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Deep Sediments at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"The unsaturated zone at the Idaho National Laboratory is complex, comprising thick basalt flow sequences interbedded with thinner sedimentary layers. Understanding the highly nonlinear relation between water content and hydraulic conductivity within the sedimentary interbeds is one element in predicting water flow and solute transport processes in this geologically complex environment. Measurement of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of sediments is costly and time consuming, therefore use of models that estimate this property from more easily measured bulk-physical properties is desirable. \r\n\r\nA capillary bundle model was used to estimate unsaturated hydraulic conductivity for 40 samples from sedimentary interbeds using water-retention parameters and saturated hydraulic conductivity derived from (1) laboratory measurements on core samples, and (2) site-specific property transfer regression models developed for the sedimentary interbeds. Four regression models were previously developed using bulk-physical property measurements (bulk density, the median particle diameter, and the uniformity coefficient) as the explanatory variables. The response variables, estimated from linear combinations of the bulk physical properties, included saturated hydraulic conductivity and three parameters that define the water-retention curve.\r\n\r\nThe degree to which the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves estimated from property-transfer-modeled water-retention parameters and saturated hydraulic conductivity approximated the laboratory-measured data was evaluated using a goodness-of-fit indicator, the root-mean-square error. Because numerical models of variably saturated flow and transport require parameterized hydraulic properties as input, simulations were run to evaluate the effect of the various parameters on model results. Results show that the property transfer models based on easily measured bulk properties perform nearly as well as using curve fits to laboratory-measured water retention for the estimation of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075093","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Perkins, K.S., and Winfield, K.A., 2007, Property-Transfer Modeling to Estimate Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Deep Sediments at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5093, vi, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075093.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9809,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5093/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.5,43.25 ], [ -113.5,44.25 ], [ -112.25,44.25 ], [ -112.25,43.25 ], [ -113.5,43.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649502","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, Kim S.","contributorId":106963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winfield, Kari A.","contributorId":63874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winfield","given":"Kari","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80030,"text":"sir20065269 - 2007 - Hydrogeology of, and simulation of ground-water flow In, the Pohatcong Valley, Warren County, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-21T06:28:04","indexId":"sir20065269","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5269","displayTitle":"Hydrogeology of, and Simulation of Ground-Water Flow In, the Pohatcong Valley, Warren County, New Jersey","title":"Hydrogeology of, and simulation of ground-water flow In, the Pohatcong Valley, Warren County, New Jersey","docAbstract":"A numerical ground-water-flow model was constructed to simulate ground-water flow in the Pohatcong Valley, including the area within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Pohatcong Valley Ground Water Contamination Site. The area is underlain by glacial till, alluvial sediments, and weathered and competent carbonate bedrock. The northwestern and southeastern valley boundaries are regional-scale thrust faults and ridges underlain by crystalline rocks. The unconsolidated sediments and weathered bedrock form a minor surficial aquifer and the carbonate rocks form a highly transmissive fractured-rock aquifer. Ground-water flow in the carbonate rocks is primarily downvalley towards the Delaware River, but the water discharges through the surficial aquifer to Pohatcong Creek under typical conditions.\r\n\r\nThe hydraulic characteristics of the carbonate-rock aquifer are highly heterogeneous. Horizontal hydraulic conductivities span nearly five orders of magnitude, from 0.5 feet per day (ft/d) to 1,800 ft/d. The maximum transmissivity calculated is 37,000 feet squared per day. The horizontal hydraulic conductivities calculated from aquifer tests using public supply wells open to the Leithsville Formation and Allentown Dolomite are 34 ft/d (effective hydraulic conductivity) and 85 to 190 ft/d (minimum and maximum hydraulic conductivity, respectively, yielding a horizontal anisotropy ratio of 0.46). Stream base-flow data were used to estimate the net gain (or loss) for selected reaches on Brass Castle Creek, Shabbecong Creek, three smaller tributaries to Pohatcong Creek, and for five reaches on Pohatcong Creek. Estimated mean annual base flows for Brass Castle Creek, Pohatcong Creek at New Village, and Pohatcong Creek at Carpentersville (from correlations of partial- and continuous-record stations) are 2.4, 25, and 45 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) (10, 10, and 11 inches per year (in/yr)), respectively.\r\n\r\nGround-water ages estimated using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), and tritium-helium age-dating techniques range from 0 to 27 years, with a median age of 6 years. Land-surface and ground-water water budgets were calculated, yielding an estimated rate of direct recharge tothe surficial aquifer of about 23 in/yr, and an estimated net recharge to the ground-water system within the area underlain by carbonate rock (11.4 mi2) of 29 in/yr (10 in/yr over the entire 33.3 mi2 basin).\r\n\r\nA finite-difference, numerical model was developed to simulate ground-water flow in the Pohatcong Valley. The four-layer model encompasses the entire carbonate-rock part of the valley. The carbonate-rock aquifer was modeled as horizontally anisotropic, with the direction of maximum transmissivity aligned with the longitudinal axis of the valley. All lateral boundaries are no-flow boundaries. Recharge was applied uniformly to the topmost active layer with additional recharge added near the lateral boundaries to represent infiltration of runoff from adjacent crystalline-rock areas. The model was calibrated to June 2001 water levels in wells completed in the carbonate-rock aquifer, August 2000 stream base-flow measurements, and the approximate ground-water age.\r\n\r\nThe ground-water-flow model was constructed in part to test possible site contamination remediation alternatives. Four previously determined ground-water remediation alternatives (GW1, GW2, GW3, and GW4) were simulated. For GW1, the no-action alternative, simulated pathlines originating in the tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) source areas within the Ground-Water Contamination Site end at Pohatcong Creek near the confluence with Shabbecong Creek, although some particles went deeper in the aquifer system and ultimately discharge to Pohatcong Creek about 10 miles downvalley in Pohatcong Township. Remediation alternatives GW2, GW3, and GW4 include ground-water withdrawal, treatment, and reinjection. The design for GW2 includes wells in the TCE and PCE source areas that wit","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065269","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Carleton, G.B., and Gordon, A.D., 2007, Hydrogeology of, and simulation of ground-water flow In, the Pohatcong Valley, Warren County, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5269, Report: viii, 66 p.; Data release, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065269.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 66 p.; Data release","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9784,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5269/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":372459,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ES6UPO","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-2000 and MODPATH4 used to simulate groundwater flow and contaminant transport in the Pohatcong Valley, Warren County, New Jersey"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","county":"Warren County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.2,40.5 ], [ -75.2,40.833333333333336 ], [ -74.9,40.833333333333336 ], [ -74.9,40.5 ], [ -75.2,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db6149ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carleton, Glen B. 0000-0002-7666-4407 carleton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7666-4407","contributorId":3795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"Glen","email":"carleton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gordon, Alison D. 0000-0002-9502-8633 agordon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9502-8633","contributorId":890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"Alison","email":"agordon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80029,"text":"ofr20071152 - 2007 - Miscellaneous High-Resolution Seismic Imaging Investigations in Salt Lake and Utah Valleys for Earthquake Hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr20071152","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1152","title":"Miscellaneous High-Resolution Seismic Imaging Investigations in Salt Lake and Utah Valleys for Earthquake Hazards","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nIn support of earthquake hazards and ground motion studies by researchers at the Utah Geological Survey, University of Utah, Utah State University, Brigham Young University, and San Diego State University, the U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Hazards Team Intermountain West Project conducted three high-resolution seismic imaging investigations along the Wasatch Front between September 2003 and September 2005. These three investigations include: (1) a proof-of-concept P-wave minivib reflection imaging profile in south-central Salt Lake Valley, (2) a series of seven deep (as deep as 400 m) S-wave reflection/refraction soundings using an S-wave minivib in both Salt Lake and Utah Valleys, and (3) an S-wave (and P-wave) investigation to 30 m at four sites in Utah Valley and at two previously investigated S-wave (Vs) minivib sites. In addition, we present results from a previously unpublished downhole S-wave investigation conducted at four sites in Utah Valley.\r\n\r\nThe locations for each of these investigations are shown in figure 1. Coordinates for the investigation sites are listed in Table 1. With the exception of the P-wave common mid-point (CMP) reflection profile, whose end points are listed, these coordinates are for the midpoint of each velocity sounding. Vs30 and Vs100, also shown in Table 1, are defined as the average shear-wave velocities to depths of 30 and 100 m, respectively, and details of their calculation can be found in Stephenson and others (2005). The information from these studies will be incorporated into components of the urban hazards maps along the Wasatch Front being developed by the U.S. Geological Survey, Utah Geological Survey, and numerous collaborating research institutions.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071152","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, W.J., Williams, R.A., Odum, J.K., and Worley, D.M., 2007, Miscellaneous High-Resolution Seismic Imaging Investigations in Salt Lake and Utah Valleys for Earthquake Hazards (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1152, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071152.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":232,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Geophysical Investigations","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9782,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1152/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.5,40 ], [ -112.5,41 ], [ -111.5,41 ], [ -111.5,40 ], [ -112.5,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699bf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, W. J.","contributorId":87982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, R. A.","contributorId":82323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Odum, J. K.","contributorId":105705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Worley, D. M.","contributorId":98332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80031,"text":"ofr20071107 - 2007 - Presumptive Sources of Fecal Contamination in Four Tributaries to the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr20071107","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1107","title":"Presumptive Sources of Fecal Contamination in Four Tributaries to the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia, 2004","docAbstract":"Several methods were used to determine the sources of fecal contamination in water samples collected during September and October 2004 from four tributaries to the New River Gorge National River -- Arbuckle Creek, Dunloup Creek, Keeney Creek, and Wolf Creek. All four tributaries historically have had elevated levels of fecal coliform bacteria. The source-tracking methods used yielded various results, possibly because one or more methods failed. Sourcing methods used in this study included the detection of several human-specific and animal-specific biological or molecular markers, and library-dependent pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis that attempted to associate Escherichia coli bacteria obtained from water samples with animal sources by matching DNA-fragment banding patterns. Evaluation of the results of quality-control analysis indicated that pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis was unable to identify known-source bacteria isolates. Increasing the size of the known-source library did not improve the results for quality-control samples. A number of emerging methods, using markers in Enterococcus, human urine, Bacteroidetes, and host mitochondrial DNA, demonstrated some potential in associating fecal contamination with human or animal sources in a limited analysis of quality-control samples. All four of the human-specific markers were detected in water samples from Keeney Creek, a watershed with no centralized municipal wastewater-treatment facilities, thus indicating human sources of fecal contamination. The human-specific Bacteroidetes and host mitochondrial DNA markers were detected in water samples from Dunloup Creek, Wolf Creek, and to a lesser degree Arbuckle Creek. Results of analysis for wastewater compounds indicate that the September 27 sample from Arbuckle Creek contained numerous human tracer compounds likely from sewage. Dog, horse, chicken, and pig host mitochondrial DNA were detected in some of the water samples with the exception of the October 5 sample from Dunloup Creek. Cow, white-tailed deer, and Canada goose DNA were not detected in any of the samples collected from the four tributaries, despite the presence of these animals in the watersheds. Future studies with more rigorous quality-control analyses are needed to investigate the potential applicability and use of these emerging methods. Because many of the detections for the various methods could vary over time and with flow conditions, repeated sampling during both base flow and storm events would be necessary to more definitively determine the sources of fecal contamination for each watershed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071107","collaboration":"In cooperation with the National Park Service, Department of the Interior","usgsCitation":"Mathes, M.V., O’Brien, T.L., Strickler, K.M., Hardy, J.J., Schill, W.B., Lukasik, J., Scott, T.M., Bailey, D.E., and Fenger, T.L., 2007, Presumptive Sources of Fecal Contamination in Four Tributaries to the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1107, v, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071107.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":643,"text":"West Virginia Water-Resources Information","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9785,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1107/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.25,37.63333333333333 ], [ -81.25,38.1 ], [ -80.71666666666667,38.1 ], [ -80.71666666666667,37.63333333333333 ], [ -81.25,37.63333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4c7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mathes, Melvin V.","contributorId":77571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathes","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Brien, Tara L.","contributorId":54301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Tara","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strickler, Kriston M.","contributorId":91186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strickler","given":"Kriston","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardy, Joshua J.","contributorId":53045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardy","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schill, William B. 0000-0002-9217-984X wschill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9217-984X","contributorId":2736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"William","email":"wschill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lukasik, Jerzy","contributorId":95567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukasik","given":"Jerzy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Scott, Troy M.","contributorId":67600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bailey, David E.","contributorId":84458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fenger, Terry L.","contributorId":69249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenger","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
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