Predictive models of post-fire tree and stem mortality are vital for management planning and understanding fire effects. Post-fire tree and stem mortality have been traditionally modeled as a simple empirical function of tree defenses (e.g., bark thickness) and fire injury (e.g., crown scorch). We used the Fire and Tree Mortality database (FTM)—which includes observations of tree mortality in obligate seeders and stem mortality in basal resprouting species from across the USA—to evaluate the accuracy of post-fire mortality models used in the First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) software system. The basic model in FOFEM, the Ryan and Amman (R-A) model, uses bark thickness and percentage of crown volume scorched to predict post-fire mortality and can be applied to any species for which bark thickness can be calculated (184 species-level coefficients are included in the program). FOFEM (v6.7) also includes 38 species-specific tree mortality models (26 for gymnosperms, 12 for angiosperms), with unique predictors and coefficients. We assessed accuracy of the R-A model for 44 tree species and accuracy of 24 species-specific models for 13 species, using data from 93 438 tree-level observations and 351 fires that occurred from 1981 to 2016.
For each model, we calculated performance statistics and provided an assessment of the representativeness of the evaluation data. We identified probability thresholds for which the model performed best, and the best thresholds with either ≥80% sensitivity or specificity. Of the 68 models evaluated, 43 had Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) values ≥0.80, indicating excellent performance, and 14 had AUCs <0.7, indicating poor performance. The R-A model often over-predicted mortality for angiosperms; 5 of 11 angiosperms had AUCs <0.7. For conifers, R-A over-predicted mortality for thin-barked species and for small diameter trees. The species-specific models had significantly higher AUCs than the R-A models for 10 of the 22 models, and five additional species-specific models had more balanced errors than R-A models, even though their AUCs were not significantly different or were significantly lower.
Approximately 75% of models tested had acceptable, excellent, or outstanding predictive ability. The models that performed poorly were primarily models predicting stem mortality of angiosperms or tree mortality of thin-barked conifers. This suggests that different approaches—such as different model forms, better estimates of bark thickness, and additional predictors—may be warranted for these taxa. Future data collection and research should target the geographical and taxonomic data gaps and poorly performing models identified in this study. Our evaluation of post-fire tree mortality models is the most comprehensive effort to date and allows users to have a clear understanding of the expected accuracy in predicting tree death from fire for 44 species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s42408-020-00082-0","usgsCitation":"Cansler, C., Hood, S.M., van Mantgem, P., and Varner, J.M., 2020, A large database supports the use of simple models of post-fire tree mortality for thick-barked conifers, with less support for other species: Fire Ecology, v. 16, 25, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-020-00082-0.","productDescription":"25, 37 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115072","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454980,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-020-00082-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cansler, C. Alina","contributorId":245203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cansler","given":"C. Alina","affiliations":[{"id":49115,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire, Fuel, and Smoke Science Program, 5775 US Highway 10 W, Missoula, Montana, 59808, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hood, Sharon M.","contributorId":221183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hood","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":204320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Varner, J. Morgan 0000-0003-3781-5839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3781-5839","contributorId":244802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Morgan","affiliations":[{"id":36493,"text":"USDA Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70219095,"text":"70219095 - 2020 - Diverse cataclysmic floods from Pleistocene glacial Lake Missoula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-27T11:52:46.725403","indexId":"70219095","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-23T07:32:33","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7779,"text":"GSA Special Volume on Pleistocene megafloods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diverse cataclysmic floods from Pleistocene glacial Lake Missoula","docAbstract":"In late Wisconsin time, the Purcell Trench lobe of the Cordilleran ice sheet dammed the Clark Fork of the Columbia River in western Montana, creating glacial Lake Missoula. During part of this epoch, the Okanogan lobe also dammed the Columbia River downstream, creating glacial Lake Columbia in northeast Washington. Repeated failure of the Purcell Trench ice dam released glacial Lake Missoula, causing dozens of catastrophic floods in eastern Washington that can be distinguished by the geologic record they left behind. These floods removed tens of meters of pale loess from dark basalt substrate, forming scars along flowpaths visible from space.
Different positions of the Okanogan lobe are required for modeled Missoula floods to inundate the diverse channels that show field evidence for flooding, as shown by accurate dam-break flood modeling using a roughly 185 m digital terrain model of existing topography (with control points dynamically varied using automatic mesh refinement). The maximum extent of the Okanogan lobe, which blocked inundation of the upper Grand Coulee and the Columbia River valley, is required to flood all channels in the Telford scablands and to produce highest flood stages in Pasco Basin. Alternatively, the Columbia River valley must have been open and the upper Grand Coulee blocked to nearly match evidence for high water on Pangborn bar near Wenatchee, Washington, and to flood Quincy Basin from the west. Finally, if the Columbia River valley and upper Grand Coulee were both open, Quincy Basin would have flooded from the northeast.
In all these scenarios, the discrepancy between modeled flood stages and field evidence for maximum flood stages increases in all channels downstream, from Spokane to Umatilla Basin. The pattern of discrepancies indicates that bulking of floods by loess increased flow volume across the scablands, but this alone does not explain low modeled flow stages along the Columbia River valley near Wenatchee. This latter discrepancy between modeled flood stages and field data requires either additional bulking of flow by sediment along the Columbia reach downstream of glacial Lake Columbia, or coincident dam failures of glacial Lake Columbia and glacial Lake Missoula.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2021.2548(17)","usgsCitation":"Denlinger, R.P., George, D.L., Cannon, C.M., O'Connor, J., and Waitt, R.B., 2020, Diverse cataclysmic floods from Pleistocene glacial Lake Missoula: GSA Special Volume on Pleistocene megafloods, v. 548, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/2021.2548(17).","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-101636","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384572,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Missoula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.92675781249999,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -113.3349609375,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -113.3349609375,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n -119.92675781249999,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n -119.92675781249999,\n 46.08847179577592\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"548","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, David L. 0000-0002-5726-0255 dgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5726-0255","contributorId":3120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"David","email":"dgeorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, Charles M. 0000-0003-4136-2350 ccannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4136-2350","contributorId":247680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Charles","email":"ccannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":812749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waitt, Richard B. 0000-0002-6392-5604 waitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-5604","contributorId":2343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waitt","given":"Richard","email":"waitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70227401,"text":"70227401 - 2020 - The nature and composition of the J-M Reef, Stillwater Complex, Montana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-13T13:05:12.086133","indexId":"70227401","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-23T07:02:42","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The nature and composition of the J-M Reef, Stillwater Complex, Montana, USA","docAbstract":"In this contribution, we analyze 30 years of mine development data and quantitatively identify the processes that control the grade and tenor of the mineralized rock. An assay database of more than 60,000 samples was used to examine variations in ore grade and tenor of the sulfide mineralization in the J-M reef horizon of the Stillwater Complex along the strike and down the dip of the deposit in the area of the Stillwater mine. We compare these results with data from the East Boulder mine and whole-rock lithogeochemistry of samples collected along the entire strike length of the complex. We find significant variation in the composition of the reef sulfides in different spatial domains of the Stillwater mine area and between the Stillwater and East Boulder mines. Most of the variation in the grade and tenor can be explained by a variation in the mass of silicate magma with which the sulfide liquid equilibrated (i.e., R factor); however, geochemical and textural evidence suggests that parts of the reef may have experienced significant S loss following initial sulfide melt segregation. Some variability in the reef tenor and grade can be attributed to variable amounts of sulfur loss due to low-temperature hydrothermal fluids and the overestimation or underestimation of metal concentrations in reef assays due to the nugget effect. Furthermore, we address the Pd/Pt ratio of the reef samples and suggest that the lower solubility of Pt in the parental silicate melt may have caused the crystallization and removal of Pt alloys at some point before the melt reached sulfide saturation and Pt could partition into the sulfide liquid. This disparity between the prior evolution of Pt and Pd in the silicate melt resulted in the observed Pd/Pt ratio of ~3.65 across all areas of the reef—a value significantly larger than anticipated for primitive mantle-derived magmas.
In 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began sampling 14 wadable streams in urban or urbanizing watersheds near Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The overall goal of the study is to assess the health of the aquatic communities in the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District planning area to inform current and future watershed management. In addition to collection of biological data on aquatic communities, physical and chemical data were also collected to evaluate effects of potential environmental stressors on the aquatic communities. This fact sheet summarizes the primary results of the study from 2004 to 2013. Detailed information is described in Scudder Eikenberry and others (2020a), and all data are available in Scudder Eikenberry and others (2020b; https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FWMODL).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20203051","issn":"2327-6932","usgsCitation":"Scudder Eikenberry, B., Nott, M.A., Stewart, J.S., Sullivan, D.J., Alvarez, D.A., Bell, A.H., and Fitzpatrick, F.A., 2020, Physical and chemical stressors on algal, invertebrate, and fish communities in 14 Milwaukee area streams, 2004–2013: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2020-3051, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20203051.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379614,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FWMODL","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Aquatic community and environmental data for 14 rivers and streams in the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Planning Area, 2004-13"},{"id":379615,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205035","text":"SIR 2020-5035—","description":"SIR 2020-5035","linkHelpText":"Ecological Status of Aquatic Communities in Selected Streams in the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Planning Area of Wisconsin, 2004–13"},{"id":379612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3051/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":379613,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3051/fs20203051.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.97 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2020-3051"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Milwaukee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 42.88401467044253\n ],\n [\n -87.84530639648436,\n 42.88401467044253\n ],\n [\n -87.84530639648436,\n 43.313188139196406\n ],\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 43.313188139196406\n ],\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 42.88401467044253\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
Quantifying the distribution of animals and identifying underlying characteristics that define suitable habitat are essential for effective conservation of free-ranging species. Prioritizing areas for conservation is important in managing a geographic extent that has a high level of disturbance and limited conservation resources. We examined the potential use of a species distribution model ensemble for multi-species conservation in marine habitats. Using satellite telemetry locations during foraging as input data, and ensemble ecological niche models, we predicted foraging areas for 2 nesting marine turtle species within the Gulf of Mexico (GoM): Kemp’s ridley Lepidochelys kempii (n = 63) and loggerhead Caretta caretta (n = 63). We considered 7 geophysical, biological, and climatic variables and compared contributing factors for each species’ foraging habitat selection. For both species, predicted suitable foraging habitats encompassed large areas along the GoM coast, but only intersected with each other in relatively small areas. Highly parameterized models resulted in overall greater fits, suggesting that multiple factors influence habitat selection by these species. Model validation results were mixed: cross-validation resulted in high prediction accuracy for both species, but an evaluation against independent data resulted in a low omission rate (5%) for Kemp’s ridleys and a high omission rate (72%) for loggerheads. The relatively small intersection of model-predicted foraging areas for these 2 species within the study area may indicate possible niche differentiations. The high omission rate for loggerheads indicates our samples likely underrepresent the population and illustrates the challenges in predicting suitable foraging extents for species that make dynamic movements and have greater individual variability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter Research","doi":"10.3354/esr01059","usgsCitation":"Fujisaki, I., Hart, K., Bucklin, D.N., Iverson, A., Rubio, C., Lamont, M.M., Miron, R.D., Burchfield, P., Pena, J., and Shaver, D.J., 2020, Predicting multi-species foraging hotspots for marine turtles in the Gulf of Mexico: Endangered Species Research, v. 43, p. 253-266, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01059.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"266","ipdsId":"IP-120330","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01059","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 21.779905342529645\n ],\n [\n -96.0205078125,\n 18.22935133838668\n ],\n [\n -93.2958984375,\n 17.518344187852218\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 18.104087015773956\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 24.966140159912975\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 30.977609093348686\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 30.486550842588485\n ],\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 21.779905342529645\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":38359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Kristen 0000-0002-5257-7974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":206816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bucklin, David N.","contributorId":175273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bucklin","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iverson, Autumn R. 0000-0002-8353-6745","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8353-6745","contributorId":173555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Autumn R.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rubio, Cynthia","contributorId":244274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rubio","given":"Cynthia","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lamont, Margaret M. 0000-0001-7520-6669","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":218323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miron, Raul de Jesus G.D.","contributorId":244275,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miron","given":"Raul","email":"","middleInitial":"de Jesus G.D.","affiliations":[{"id":48880,"text":"Acuario de Veracruz A.C., Veracruz, Veracruz Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Burchfield, Patrick M.","contributorId":244276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burchfield","given":"Patrick M.","affiliations":[{"id":48881,"text":"Gladys Porter Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pena, Jaime","contributorId":168392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pena","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Shaver, Donna J.","contributorId":191186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaver","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70224320,"text":"70224320 - 2020 - U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water-Use Data and Research (WUDR) program overview and status as of October 22, 2020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-05T13:15:35.616524","indexId":"70224320","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-22T08:10:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":25,"text":"Newsletter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":30,"text":"Newsletter"},"displayTitle":"U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water-Use Data and Research (WUDR) Program Overview and Status as of October 22, 2020","title":"U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water-Use Data and Research (WUDR) program overview and status as of October 22, 2020","docAbstract":"The USGS Water-Use Data and Research Program (WUDR) is an appropriated program that began in Federal fiscal year 2015 and is authorized under the SECURE Water Act (Sec. 9508 (c)). WUDR provides financial assistance through cooperative agreements to State water resource agencies.\nThe WUDR Program has two main goals:\nTo improve the availability, quality, compatibility, and delivery of water-use data that are collected and/or estimated by States to support national water-use assessments; and\nTo integrate the water-use data into USGS databases in electronic or machine-readable formats.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, K., 2020, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water-Use Data and Research (WUDR) program overview and status as of October 22, 2020, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124105","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":389591,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/wausp/wudr-files/WUDR-Overview-20201022.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaffer, Kimberly 0000-0001-9386-7671 kshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9386-7671","contributorId":206648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Kimberly","email":"kshaffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70216947,"text":"70216947 - 2020 - Advancements towards selective barrier passage by automatic species identification: Applications of deep convolutional neural networks on images of dewatered fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T16:51:53.379463","indexId":"70216947","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-21T10:47:19","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1936,"text":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advancements towards selective barrier passage by automatic species identification: Applications of deep convolutional neural networks on images of dewatered fish","docAbstract":"Invasive species negatively affect enterprises such as fisheries, agriculture, and international trade. In the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin, threats include invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the four major Chinese carps. Barriers have proven to be an effective mechanism for managing invasive species but are detrimental in that they also limit the migration of desirable, native species. Fish passage technologies that selectively pass desirable species while blocking undesirable species are needed. Key to an automated selective barrier passage system is a high precision fish classifier to assign fish to be passed or blocked. Presented is an evaluation of two classifiers developed using images of partially dewatered fish captured from a commercial, high-speed camera array. For a lamprey vs. non-lamprey classification task, an ensemble prediction approach achieved near perfect accuracy on both a validation and test dataset. For a species classification task for 13 species found in the Great Lakes region, an ensemble prediction approach achieved accuracies of 96% and 97% on a validation and test dataset, respectively. Both prediction approaches were based on deep convolutional neural networks constructed using transfer learning and image augmentation. The study provides an important proof-of-concept for the viability in fully automated, selective fish passage systems.
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These simulations are designated as Tier 1 experiments (midHolocene and lig127k) for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) and the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project phase 4 (PMIP4). They use the low-top, standard 1° version of CESM2 contributing to CMIP6 DECK, historical, and future projection simulations, and to other modeling intercomparison projects. The midHolocene and lig127k provide the opportunity to examine the responses in CESM2 to the orbitally induced changes in the seasonal and latitudinal distribution of insolation. The insolation anomalies result in summer warming over the Northern Hemisphere continents, reduced Arctic summer minimum sea ice, and increased areal extent of the North African monsoon. The Arctic remains warm throughout the year. These changes are greater in the lig127k than midHolocene simulation. Other notable changes are reduction of the Niño3.4 variability and Drake Passage transport and a small increase in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation from the piControl to midHolocene to lig127k simulation. Comparisons to paleo-data and to simulations from previous model versions are discussed. Possible reasons for mismatches with the paleo-observations are proposed, including missing processes in CESM2, simplifications in the CMIP6 protocols for these experiments, and dating and calibration uncertainties in the data reconstructions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020PA003957","usgsCitation":"Otto-Bliesner, B., Brady, E.C., Tomas, R.A., Albani, S., Bartlein, P.J., Mahowald, N.M., Shafer, S., Kluzek, E., Lawrence, P.J., Leguy, G., Rothstein, M., and Sommers, A., 2020, A comparison of the CMIP6 midHolocene and lig127k simulations in CESM2: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, v. 35, e2020PA003957, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA003957.","productDescription":"e2020PA003957, 30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116661","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455028,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020pa003957","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D9S4EY","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Biomes simulated by BIOME4 using CESM2 lig127k, midHolocene, and piControl climate data on a global 0.5-degree grid"},{"id":397601,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.","contributorId":279720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otto-Bliesner","given":"Bette L.","affiliations":[{"id":57353,"text":"Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brady, Esther C. 0000-0001-7833-2249","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7833-2249","contributorId":289169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brady","given":"Esther","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6648,"text":"National Center for Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tomas, Robert A","contributorId":289243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomas","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":6648,"text":"National Center for Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Albani, Samuel","contributorId":289245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Albani","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35744,"text":"University of Milano-Bicocca","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bartlein, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7657-5685","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7657-5685","contributorId":211587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartlein","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":33397,"text":"U of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mahowald, Natalie M","contributorId":289246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahowald","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shafer, Sarah 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":149866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science 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0000-0002-9963-8076","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-8076","contributorId":289175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leguy","given":"Gunter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6648,"text":"National Center for Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rothstein, Matthew","contributorId":289250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rothstein","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6648,"text":"National Center for Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sommers, Aleah 0000-0001-8718-0603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-0603","contributorId":289162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sommers","given":"Aleah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39657,"text":"Dartmouth College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70215275,"text":"ofr20201108 - 2020 - Aquifer transmissivity in Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties, New York, estimated from specific-capacity tests at production wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T12:33:17.218141","indexId":"ofr20201108","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-15T15:50:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1108","displayTitle":"Aquifer Transmissivity in Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties, New York, Estimated From Specific-Capacity Tests at Production Wells","title":"Aquifer transmissivity in Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties, New York, estimated from specific-capacity tests at production wells","docAbstract":"As part of a cooperative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation to evaluate the sustainability of Long Island’s sole-source aquifer system, the transmissivities of four aquifers were estimated from specific-capacity tests at 447 production wells in Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties on Long Island, New York. The specific-capacity test data, which included pumping rate, pumping duration, and drawdown, were obtained from published and unpublished records of driller-reported acceptance tests collected at production wells screened in the upper glacial, Jameco, Magothy, or Lloyd aquifers. Pumping rates from the production wells during the tests generally were greater than 400 gallons per minute and ranged up to 1,800 gallons per minute. Pumping duration generally was 8 hours or more. Transmissivities were estimated from the specific-capacity data by the Cooper-Jacob approximation of the Theis equation. The transmissivity estimates are considered rough approximations because the aquifers do not meet the ideal assumptions of the method, well losses and partial penetration were not accounted for, and aquifer storage coefficients were not known but were only estimated from available data.
The transmissivities estimated from production wells screened in the upper glacial aquifer in the outwash plain south of the moraine generally were greater than those of the aquifer north of the moraine. The transmissivities estimated from the wells screened in the upper glacial aquifer south of the moraine typically ranged (as defined by the 10th and 90th percentiles) from 3,800 to 15,000 feet squared per day (ft2/d), with a median value of 7,300 ft2/d. The transmissivities estimated from the wells screened in the upper glacial aquifer north of the moraine typically ranged from 2,100 to 7,400 ft2/d, with a median value of 4,400 ft2/d. The Jameco aquifer generally had the highest estimated transmissivities of all the aquifers analyzed. The estimated transmissivities for the Jameco aquifer typically ranged from 5,500 to 43,000 ft2/d, with a median value of 16,000 ft2/d. The Magothy and Lloyd aquifers had similar estimated transmissivities. The transmissivities estimated for the Magothy aquifer typically ranged from 2,700 to 13,000 ft2/d, with a median of 7,100 ft2/d. The estimated transmissivities of the Lloyd typically ranged from 3,000 to 14,000 ft2/d, with a median of 7,200 ft2/d.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201108","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.H., Woodley, M., and Finkelstein, J.S., 2020, Aquifer transmissivity in Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties, New York, estimated from specific-capacity tests at production wells: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1108, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201108.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 7 p.; Dataset; Application Site","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-108170","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379362,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1108/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":379363,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1108/ofr20201108.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1108"},{"id":379365,"rank":4,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://ny.water.usgs.gov/maps/aq-test/","text":"Aquifer Test Locator","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":379364,"rank":3,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"National Water Information System database","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Nassau County, Queens County, Kings County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.0972900390625,\n 40.43858586704331\n ],\n [\n -73.388671875,\n 40.43858586704331\n ],\n [\n -73.388671875,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -74.0972900390625,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -74.0972900390625,\n 40.43858586704331\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180–8349
Semi‐arid riparian woodlands face threats from increasing extractive water demand and climate change in dryland landscapes worldwide. Improved landscape‐scale understanding of riparian woodland water use (evapotranspiration, ET) and its sensitivity to climate variables is needed to strategically manage water resources, as well as to create successful ecosystem conservation and restoration plans for potential climate futures. In this work, we assess the spatial and temporal variability of Cottonwood (Populus fremontii)‐Willow (Salix gooddingii) riparian gallery woodland ET and its relationships to vegetation structure and climate variables for 80 km of the San Pedro River corridor in southeastern Arizona, USA, between 2014 and 2019. We use a novel combination of publicly available remote sensing, climate and hydrological datasets: cloud‐based Landsat thermal remote sensing data products for ET (Google Earth Engine EEFlux), Landsat multispectral imagery and field data‐based calibrations to vegetation structure (leaf‐area index, LAI), and open‐source climate and hydrological data. We show that at landscape scales, daily ET rates (6–10 mm day−1) and growing season ET totals (400–1,400 mm) matched rates of published field data, and modelled reach‐scale average LAI (0.80–1.70) matched lower ranges of published field data. Over 6 years, the spatial variability of total growing season ET (CV = 0.18) exceeded that of temporal variability (CV = 0.10), indicating the importance of reach‐scale vegetation and hydrological conditions for controlling ET dynamics. Responses of ET to climate differed between perennial and intermittent‐flow stream reaches. At perennial‐flow reaches, ET correlated significantly with temperature, whilst at intermittent‐flow sites ET correlated significantly with rainfall and stream discharge. Amongst reaches studied in detail, we found positive but differing logarithmic relationships between LAI and ET. By documenting patterns of high spatial variability of ET at basin scales, these results underscore the importance of accurately accounting for differences in woodland vegetation structure and hydrological conditions for assessing water‐use requirements. Results also suggest that the climate sensitivity of ET may be used as a remote indicator of subsurface water resources relative to vegetation demand, and an indicator for informing conservation management priorities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.13942","usgsCitation":"Mayes, M., Caylor, K.K., Singer, M.B., Stella, J., Roberts, D., and Nagler, P.L., 2020, Climate sensitivity of water use by riparian woodlands at landscape scales: Hydrological Processes, v. 34, no. 25, p. 4884-4903, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13942.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"4884","endPage":"4903","ipdsId":"IP-120214","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/135647/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":380788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.58563232421875,\n 31.3348710339506\n ],\n [\n -109.79461669921875,\n 31.3348710339506\n ],\n [\n -109.79461669921875,\n 32.15468722002481\n ],\n [\n -110.58563232421875,\n 32.15468722002481\n ],\n [\n -110.58563232421875,\n 31.3348710339506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mayes, Marc","contributorId":245241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayes","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caylor, Kelly K.","contributorId":245242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caylor","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singer, Michael B.","contributorId":168369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":25268,"text":"University of St Andrews, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stella, John C","contributorId":149423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stella","given":"John C","affiliations":[{"id":17732,"text":"Professor, Dept of Forest & Natural Resources Mgmt, SUNY at ESF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roberts, Dar","contributorId":13721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Dar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70216492,"text":"70216492 - 2020 - Getting to the root of plant‐mediated methane emissions and oxidation in a thermokarst bog","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T13:44:52.455254","indexId":"70216492","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-15T07:40:18","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7359,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Getting to the root of plant‐mediated methane emissions and oxidation in a thermokarst bog","docAbstract":"Vascular plants are important in the wetland methane cycle, but their effect on production, oxidation, and transport has high uncertainty, limiting our ability to predict emissions. In a permafrost‐thaw bog in Interior Alaska, we used plant manipulation treatments, field‐deployed planar optical oxygen sensors, direct measurements of methane oxidation, and microbial DNA analyses to disentangle mechanisms by which vascular vegetation affect methane emissions. Vegetation operated on top of baseline methane emissions, which varied with proximity to the thawing permafrost margin. Emissions from vegetated plots increased over the season, resulting in cumulative seasonal methane emissions that were 4.1–5.2 g m−2 season−1 greater than unvegetated plots. Mass balance calculations signify these greater emissions were due to increased methane production (3.0–3.5 g m−2 season−1) and decreased methane oxidation (1.1–1.6 g m−2 season−1). Minimal oxidation occurred along the plant‐transport pathway, and oxidation was suppressed outside the plant pathway. Our data indicate suppression of methane oxidation was stimulated by root exudates fueling competition among microbes for electron acceptors. This contention is supported by the fact that methane oxidation and relative abundance of methanotrophs decreased over the season in the presence of vegetation, but methane oxidation remained steady in unvegetated treatments; oxygen was not detected around plant roots but was detected around silicone tubes mimicking aerenchyma; and oxygen injection experiments suggested that oxygen consumption was faster in the presence of vascular vegetation. Root exudates are known to fuel methane production, and our work provides evidence they also decrease methane oxidation.
While there is growing demand for use of climate model projections to understand the potential impacts of future climate on resources, there is a lack of effective visuals that convey the range of possible climates across spatial scales and with uncertainties that potential users need to inform their impact assessments and studies. We use usability testing including eye tracking to explore how a group of resource professionals (foresters) interpret and understand a series of graphical representations of future climate change, housed within a web-based decision support system (DSS), that address limitations identified in other tools. We find that a three-map layout effectively communicates the spread of future climate projections spatially, that location-specific information is effectively communicated if depicted both spatially on a map and temporally on a time series plot, and that model error metrics may be useful for communicating uncertainty and in demonstrating the utility of these future climate datasets.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/WCAS-D-19-0152.1","usgsCitation":"Davis, C., Aldridge, H.D., Boyles, R., McNeal, K., Mauldin, L.C., and Atkins, R.M., 2020, Visually communicating future climate in a web environment: Weather, Climate, and Society, v. 12, no. 4, p. 877-896, https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-19-0152.1.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"877","endPage":"896","ipdsId":"IP-107086","costCenters":[{"id":40926,"text":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-19-0152.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Corey","contributorId":221987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Corey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, Heather D","contributorId":221986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyles, Ryan 0000-0001-9272-867X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9272-867X","contributorId":221983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyles","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McNeal, Karen","contributorId":221985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNeal","given":"Karen","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mauldin, Lindsay C.","contributorId":221984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mauldin","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Atkins, Rachel M.","contributorId":221988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkins","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70215370,"text":"70215370 - 2020 - Accounting for land in the United States: Integrating physical land cover, land use, and monetary valuation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T13:07:04.772875","indexId":"70215370","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-14T08:04:43","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1477,"text":"Ecosystem Services","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accounting for land in the United States: Integrating physical land cover, land use, and monetary valuation","docAbstract":"Land plays a critical role in both economic and environmental accounting. As an asset, it occupies a unique position at the intersection of the System of National Accounts (SNA), the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA-CF), and (as a spatial unit) SEEA Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EEA), making land a natural starting point for developing natural capital accounts more generally. We develop a pilot set of national and subnational land accounts for the United States that are consistent with the SEEA-CF and SNA principles, quantified in both physical and monetary terms. The physical accounts utilize detailed land use (National Land Use Database) and land cover (National Land Cover Database) datasets, which provide insights into how land cover in the U.S. is changing over time. To provide aggregate estimates of land values, we use a hedonic approach that exploits fine-grain microdata (“big data” from Zillow) that contains detailed information from hundreds of millions of property transactions and their corresponding physical characteristics covering much of the U.S. Methodologically, we show that it is feasible to produce monetary accounts for land that can be directly linked to and integrated with physical land cover/use. Overall, U.S. land cover has shown declines in forests, cropland, and pasture with increases in barren, scrub/shrub, and developed classes, which are particularly concentrated in the U.S. Southeast. Nominal land values in the U.S. fell about 28% ($7 trillion) from the boom to bust periods in the prior decade, albeit with substantial regional variation, and have subsequently experienced a nearly full recovery in recent years. We estimate private land in the contiguous 48 states to be worth approximately $25.1 trillion in 2016.
Natural resource managers use barriers to deter the movement of aquatic invasive species. Research and development of new invasive species barriers is often evaluated in pond and field scales using high‐resolution telemetry data. Telemetry data sets can be a rich source of data about fish movement and behavior but can be difficult to analyze due to the size of these data sets as well as their irregular sampling intervals. Due to the challenges, most barrier studies only use summary endpoints, such as barrier passage counts or average (e.g., mean or median) fish distance from the barrier, to describe the data. To examine more fine‐scale fish movement patterns, we developed a first‐order Markov chain. We then used this model to help understand the impacts of a barrier on fish behavior. For our study system, we used data from a previous study examining how bighead and silver carp (two invasive fish species in the United States) responded to a carbon dioxide (CO2) barrier in a pond.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/nrm.12281","usgsCitation":"Borland, L.K., Mulcahy, C.J., Bennie, B., Baumann, D.D., Haro, R.J., Van Appledorn, M., Jankowski, K.J., Cupp, A.R., and Erickson, R.A., 2020, Using Markov chains to quantitatively assess movement patterns of invasive fishes impacted by a carbon dioxide barrier in outdoor ponds: Natural Resource Modeling, v. 33, no. 4, e12281, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12281.","productDescription":"e12281, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106075","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12281","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borland, Lauren K","contributorId":244789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borland","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":36422,"text":"University of Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulcahy, Collin J","contributorId":244790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Collin","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":48976,"text":"SUNY Cobleskill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennie, Barb","contributorId":244792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennie","given":"Barb","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48977,"text":"UW-La Crosse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baumann, Douglas D","contributorId":244793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baumann","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":48977,"text":"UW-La Crosse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haro, Roger J.","contributorId":139538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haro","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12793,"text":"University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Van Appledorn, Molly 0000-0002-8029-0014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-0014","contributorId":205785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Appledorn","given":"Molly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jankowski, Kathi Jo 0000-0002-3292-4182","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-4182","contributorId":207429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jankowski","given":"Kathi","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70227991,"text":"70227991 - 2020 - Optimizing release strategies: A stepping-stone approach to reintroduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T18:03:42.811857","indexId":"70227991","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-13T11:46:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"title":"Optimizing release strategies: A stepping-stone approach to reintroduction","docAbstract":"Evaluation of alternative management strategies enables informed decisions to accelerate species recovery. For reintroductions, post-release survival to reproductive age is a key parameter influencing population growth. Here we trial a ‘stepping-stone’ method to maximize the success of captive-bred animals when the availability of more suitable wild-born release candidates is limited. Our approach makes use of relatively safe and established wild populations to prepare captive-bred individuals for eventual translocation to a final release destination, thus building resilience through establishment of multiple populations over time. We developed a novel multievent model integrating encounter history and biotelemetry data to evaluate reintroduction strategies for the critically endangered Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis). We compared post-release survival of 176 individuals (52 wild-born, 47 captive-bred marmots released directly to destinations, and 77 captive-bred marmots released with a stepping-stone approach). Survival estimates to prime breeding-age (PBA), were then used to quantify expected success of potential release strategies. Our analysis indicates that post-release survival varies by source population and release method, as well as age, season, year, and years since release. Conditional on an objective of maximizing survival to PBA, our results suggest that using wild-born marmots for translocations as often as possible, and stepping-stone captive-bred marmots prior to final release, will result in the best outcomes. There was a 0.86 probability that survival to PBA was greater for captive-bred marmots released as yearlings using a stepping-stone approach (survival to PBA mode = 0.13, 95% CRI = 0.05-0.30) than for captive-bred animals that were directly released to destination sites as one-year-olds (survival to PBA mode = 0.04, 95% CRI = 0.01-0.24). Consequently, the stepping-stone approach yields much higher population establishment or growth potential than previous release strategies that used captive-bred marmots. Optimizing the combination of release candidates, sites, and timing can thereby increase the effectiveness of reintroductions.","language":"English","doi":"10.1111/acv.12448","usgsCitation":"Lloyd, N., Hostetter, N.J., Jackson, C., Converse, S.J., and Moehrenschlager, A., 2020, Optimizing release strategies: A stepping-stone approach to reintroduction, v. 22, no. 2, p. 105-115, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12448.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"115","ipdsId":"IP-096318","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12448","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Mount Washington , Strathcona Provincial Park, Vancouver Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.46798706054689,\n 49.65962776497079\n ],\n [\n -125.22285461425781,\n 49.65962776497079\n ],\n [\n -125.22285461425781,\n 49.75864680446802\n ],\n [\n -125.46798706054689,\n 49.75864680446802\n ],\n [\n -125.46798706054689,\n 49.65962776497079\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lloyd, N.A.","contributorId":215990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lloyd","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39343,"text":"Centre for Conservation Research, Calgary Zoological Society, Calgary, AB, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostetter, Nathan J. 0000-0001-6075-2157 nhostetter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-2157","contributorId":198843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetter","given":"Nathan","email":"nhostetter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":833079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, C.L.","contributorId":215991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39344,"text":"Marmot Recovery Foundation, Nanaimo, BC, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moehrenschlager, A.","contributorId":215992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moehrenschlager","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39343,"text":"Centre for Conservation Research, Calgary Zoological Society, Calgary, AB, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228408,"text":"70228408 - 2020 - Expanding the feasibility of fish and wildlife assessments with close-kin mark–recapture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T16:22:04.76759","indexId":"70228408","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-13T10:17:15","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expanding the feasibility of fish and wildlife assessments with close-kin mark–recapture","docAbstract":"Close-kin mark–recapture (CKMR) is a powerful new method for the assessment of fish and wildlife population dynamics. Unlike traditional mark–recapture techniques, the use of kinship as an identifying mark is robust to many forms of capture heterogeneity including variation in gear efficiency and tagging-based effects such as loss and differential mortality. In addition, close-kin methods can be applied to a wider range of sampling designs than traditional methods (e.g., single-occasion surveys and lethal capture), can provide retrospective historical abundance estimates, and can produce survival estimates from as few as two sampling occasions. We evaluated the ability of CKMR to provide estimates of abundance and adult survival and then compared results to those from traditional mark–recapture. This analysis incorporated data from a three-year study of lake resident brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) where individuals were both physically (PIT) tagged and genotyped for 44 de novo developed microsatellites with high throughput sequencing. Traditional mark–recapture estimates were derived using Pollock’s Robust Design, relying upon three primary open sampling occasions and four secondary closed occasions. We found that close-kin methods produced contemporary estimates of adult abundance and survival that were similar to those produced by traditional mark–recapture in both magnitude and precision. Furthermore, CKMR provided abundance estimates for multiple years prior to sampling and, when restricted to data from a single year, still produced reliable abundance estimates for at least one and as many as three years. Retrospective abundance estimates corresponded with those from a separate historical two-sample mark–recapture dataset. This study provides support for the use of CKMR as a robust and sampling-efficient alternative to traditional mark–recapture methods of assessing population parameters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3259","usgsCitation":"Marcy-Quay, B., Sethi, S., Therkildsen, N.O., and Kraft, C., 2020, Expanding the feasibility of fish and wildlife assessments with close-kin mark–recapture: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 10, e3259, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3259.","productDescription":"e3259, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115671","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3259","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Honnedaga Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.8139762878418,\n 43.5031182163569\n ],\n [\n -74.79663848876953,\n 43.514945729095245\n ],\n [\n -74.8029899597168,\n 43.52229007033024\n ],\n [\n -74.81002807617186,\n 43.52888676718944\n ],\n [\n -74.87508773803711,\n 43.53797160252612\n ],\n [\n -74.86993789672852,\n 43.530006889344705\n ],\n [\n -74.82891082763672,\n 43.52353478532976\n ],\n [\n -74.81552124023438,\n 43.51681301924114\n ],\n [\n -74.81809616088867,\n 43.50573291871012\n ],\n [\n -74.8139762878418,\n 43.5031182163569\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marcy-Quay, Benjamin","contributorId":275703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marcy-Quay","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Therkildsen, Nina O.","contributorId":275704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Therkildsen","given":"Nina","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraft, Clifford E.","contributorId":275705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kraft","given":"Clifford E.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216793,"text":"70216793 - 2020 - QCam: sUAS-based doppler radar for measuring river discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T19:41:18.421688","indexId":"70216793","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-12T10:33:31","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"QCam: sUAS-based doppler radar for measuring river discharge","docAbstract":"Pesticides are a ubiquitous component of conventional crop production but come with considerable economic and ecological costs. We tested the hypothesis that variation in pesticide use among crop species is a function of crop economics and the phylogenetic relationship of a crop to native plants because unrelated crops accrue fewer herbivores and pathogens. Comparative analyses of a dataset of 93 Californian crops showed that more valuable crops and crops with close relatives in the native plant flora received greater pesticide use, explaining roughly half of the variance in pesticide use among crops against pathogens and herbivores. Phylogenetic escape from arthropod and pathogen pests results in lower pesticides, suggesting that the introduced status of some crops can be leveraged to reduce pesticides.
","language":"English","publisher":"PNAS","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2013751117","usgsCitation":"Pearse, I., and Rosenheim, J., 2020, Phylogenetic escape from pests reduces pesticides on some crop plants: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 117, no. 43, p. 26849-26853, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013751117.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"26849","endPage":"26853","ipdsId":"IP-120433","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455079,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7604411","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TIK3JP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Californian crop pests, pesticide applications, and phylogenetic information of crops"},{"id":382488,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenheim, Jay 0000-0002-9228-4754","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9228-4754","contributorId":248267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenheim","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70260189,"text":"70260189 - 2020 - Evidence for primitive magma storage and eruption following prolonged equilibration in thickened crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-30T13:48:22.975458","indexId":"70260189","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T08:38:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for primitive magma storage and eruption following prolonged equilibration in thickened crust","docAbstract":"In continental arcs, the exposure of primitive eruptive products at the surface is typically a result of rapid magmatic transfer through the crust. As a result, the initially primitive magma experiences minimal crustal residence and thus insignificant differentiation towards more evolved products. This rapid transfer of primitive magma through thickened crust is commonly recorded from smaller, monogenetic cinder cones. Manantial Pelado (35.5° S) is a long-lived stratocone in the Southern Andean Volcanic Zone (SVZ) overlying thick continental crust (45–50 km) that produces almost exclusively mafic material. As Manantial Pelado is surrounded by extensive silicic volcanism, the study of its mafic exposure as a stratocone can be used to further understand magmatic origins of long-lived volcanic systems. Our study uses textural, geochemical, and geochronological data from lavas collected from Manantial Pelado to characterize its magmatic petrogenesis, assess the primitive nature, and explain processes in the crust within the SVZ. A geologic description of the volcano reveals a mostly monotonous eruptive history of basaltic andesites that are now accessible through glacially carved valleys. New 40Ar/39Ar dating constrains most of the volcano’s cone constructing phase to last from ~ 220 to 190 ka. At ~ 30 ka, small-volume activity and different petrography of more intermediate magmas were present reflecting a change in the volcano’s character. A combination of the whole-rock and mineral-scale data reveals that basaltic andesites at Manantial Pelado are among the most primitive magmas in the thickened crust of the SVZ. Evidence for this primitive signature consists of textural and zonation patterns in olivine, the presence of Cr-spinel in olivine cores, and elevated Fo and Ni content within olivine cores. This data combined with elemental diffusion modeling provides evidence for a primitive signature for these lavas. Intermediate Fo olivines with uniform core compositions (Fo80–84) suggest that basaltic andesites reside in the crust in quasi-closed system environments for extended storage prior to eruption (~ 25–6000 years). Diffusive equilibration in those intermediate Fo olivines masks the primitive nature of the magmas. These results suggest that mafic magmas can have a protracted storage history in the crust that does not significantly alter their primitive bulk composition before reaching the surface. We argue that these are important processes in understanding the magmatic origin of long-lived systems and the presence of compositionally homogenous olivines at intermediate Fo content may represent cryptic evidence for recharge with primitive magmas that experienced prolonged crustal storage.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-020-01406-3","usgsCitation":"Winslow, H., Ruprecht, P., Stelten, M.E., and Amigo, A., 2020, Evidence for primitive magma storage and eruption following prolonged equilibration in thickened crust: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 82, 69, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-020-01406-3.","productDescription":"69, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120597","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":463429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Manantial Pelado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.12460848108275,\n -35.48782312280931\n ],\n [\n -71.12460848108275,\n -35.86478726958381\n ],\n [\n -70.51553281855436,\n -35.86478726958381\n ],\n [\n -70.51553281855436,\n -35.48782312280931\n ],\n [\n -71.12460848108275,\n -35.48782312280931\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winslow, Heather 0000-0001-6664-6339","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-6339","contributorId":345733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winslow","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruprecht, Philipp","contributorId":199796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruprecht","given":"Philipp","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":35453,"text":"University of Leeds, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stelten, Mark E. 0000-0002-5294-3161 mstelten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5294-3161","contributorId":145923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelten","given":"Mark","email":"mstelten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amigo, Alvaro","contributorId":173513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amigo","given":"Alvaro","affiliations":[{"id":27236,"text":"SERNAGEOMIN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216162,"text":"70216162 - 2020 - Imaging the tectonic grain of the Northern Cordillera orogen using Transportable Array receiver functions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-09T21:26:07.128755","indexId":"70216162","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T07:36:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imaging the tectonic grain of the Northern Cordillera orogen using Transportable Array receiver functions","docAbstract":"Azimuthal variations in receiver function conversions can image lithospheric structural contrasts and anisotropic fabrics that together compose tectonic grain. We apply this method to data from EarthScope Transportable Array in Alaska and additional stations across the northern Cordillera. The best‐resolved quantities are the strike and depth of dipping fabric contrasts or interfaces. We find a strong geographic gradient in such anomalies, with large amplitudes extending inboard from the present‐day subduction margin, the Aleutian arc, and an influence of flat‐slab subduction of the Yakutat microplate north of the Denali fault. An east–west band across interior Alaska shows low‐amplitude crustal anomalies. Anomaly amplitudes correlate with structural intensity (density of aligned geological elements), but are the highest in areas of strong Cenozoic deformation, raising the question of an influence of current stress state. Imaged subsurface strikes show alignment with surface structures. We see concentric strikes around arc volcanoes implying dipping magmatic structures and fabric into the middle crust. Regions with present‐day weaker deformation show lower anomaly amplitudes but structurally aligned strikes, suggesting pre‐Cenozoic fabrics may have been overprinted or otherwise modified. We observe general coherence of the signal across the brittle‐plastic transition. Imaged crustal fabrics are aligned with major faults and shear zones, whereas intrafault blocks show imaged strikes both parallel to and at high angles to major block‐bounding faults. High‐angle strikes are subparallel to neotectonic deformation, seismicity, fault lineaments, and prominent metallogenic belts, possibly due to overprinting and/or co‐evolution with fault‐parallel fabrics. We suggest that the underlying tectonic grain in the northern Cordillera is broadly distributed rather than strongly localized. Receiver functions thus reveal key information about the nature and continuity of tectonic fabrics at depth and can provide unique insights into the deformation history and distribution of regional strain in complex orogenic belts.