Development and evaluation of models for tectonic evolution in the Cascadia forearc require understanding of along-strike heterogeneity of strain distribution, uplift, and upper-plate characteristics. Here, we investigated the Neogene geologic record of the Klamath Mountains province in southernmost Cascadia and obtained apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) thermochronology of Mesozoic plutons, Neogene graben sediment thickness, detrital zircon records from Neogene grabens, gravity and magnetic data, and kinematic analysis of faults. We documented three aspects of Neogene tectonics: early Miocene and younger rock exhumation, development of topographic relief sufficient to isolate Neogene graben-filling sediments from sources outside of the Klamath Mountains, and initiation of mid-Miocene or younger right-lateral and reverse faulting. Key findings are: (1) 10 new apatite AHe mean cooling ages from the Canyon Creek and Granite Peak plutons in the Trinity Alps range from 24.7 ± 2.1 Ma to 15.7 ± 2.1 Ma. Inverse thermal modeling of these data and published apatite fission-track ages indicate the most rapid rock cooling between ca. 25 and 15 Ma. One new AHe mean cooling age (26.7 ± 3.2 Ma) from the Ironside Mountain batholith 40 km west of the Trinity Alps, combined with previously published AHe ages, suggests geographically widespread latest Oligocene to Miocene cooling in the southern Klamath Mountains province. (2) AHe ages of 39.4 ± 5.1 Ma on the downthrown side and 22.7 ± 3.0 Ma on the upthrown side of the Browns Meadow fault suggest early Miocene to younger fault activity. (3) U-Pb detrital zircon ages (n = 862) and Lu-Hf isotope geochemistry from Miocene Weaverville Formation sediments in the Weaverville, Lowden Ranch, Hayfork, and Hyampom grabens south and southwest of the Trinity Alps can be traced to entirely Klamath Mountains sources; they suggest the south-central Klamath Mountains had, by the middle Miocene, sufficient relief to isolate these grabens from more distal sediment sources. (4) Two Miocene detrital zircon U-Pb ages of 10.6 ± 0.4 Ma and 16.7 ± 0.2 Ma from the Lowden Ranch graben show that the maximum depositional age of the upper Weaverville Formation here is younger than previously recognized. (5) A prominent steep-sided negative gravity anomaly associated with the Hayfork graben shows that both the north and south margins are fault-controlled, and inversion of gravity data suggests basin fill is between 1 km and 1.9 km thick. Abrupt elevation changes of basin fill-to-bedrock contacts reported in well logs record E-side-up and right-lateral faulting at the eastern end of the Hayfork graben. A NE-striking gravity gradient separates the main graben on the west from a narrower, thinner basin to the east, supporting this interpretation. (6) Of fset of both the base of the Weaverville Formation and the cataclasite-capped La Grange fault surface by a fault on the southwest margin of the Weaverville basin documents 200 m of reverse and 1500 m of right-lateral strike-slip motion on this structure, here named the Democrat Gulch fault; folded and steeply dipping strata adjacent to the fault confirm that faulting postdated deposition of the Weaverville Formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02612.1","usgsCitation":"Michalak, M.J., Cashman, S.M., Langenheim, V., Team, T.C., and Christensen, D.J., 2024, Neogene faulting, basin development, and relief generation in the southern Klamath Mountains (USA): Geosphere, v. 20, no. 1, p. 237-266, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02612.1.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"266","ipdsId":"IP-144540","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02612.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":425101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Southern Klamath Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 44.02774490532599\n ],\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 38.79194801722443\n ],\n [\n -120.47403644259101,\n 38.79194801722443\n ],\n [\n -120.47403644259101,\n 44.02774490532599\n ],\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 44.02774490532599\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michalak, Melanie J.","contributorId":317978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, Susan M.","contributorId":333685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":217113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":893557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Team, Taylor C.","contributorId":333686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Team","given":"Taylor","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christensen, Dana J.","contributorId":333687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70250440,"text":"70250440 - 2024 - Hyperspectral (VNIR-SWIR) analysis of roll front uranium host rocks and industrial minerals from Karnes and Live Oak Counties, Texas Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-09T14:44:29.728919","indexId":"70250440","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-06T08:38:08","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hyperspectral (VNIR-SWIR) analysis of roll front uranium host rocks and industrial minerals from Karnes and Live Oak Counties, Texas Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"VNIR-SWIR (400–2500 nm) reflectance measurements were made on the surfaces of various cores, cuttings and sample splits of sedimentary rocks from the Tertiary Jackson Group, and Catahoula, Oakville and Goliad Formations. These rocks vary in composition and texture from mudstone and claystone to sandstone and are known host rocks for roll front uranium occurrences in Karnes and Live Oak Counties, Texas. Spectral reflectance profiles, 569 in total, were reduced to 125 representative spectral signatures, which were analyzed using the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Material Identification and Characterization Algorithm (MICA). MICA uses an automated continuum-removal procedure together with a least-squares linear regression to determine the fit of observed sample spectral absorption features to those of reference mineral standards in a spectral library. The reference minerals include various clay, mica, carbonate, ferric and ferrous iron minerals and their mixtures. In addition, absorption feature band-depth analysis was done to identify rock surfaces exhibiting absorption features related to uranium and zeolite minerals, which were not included in the command files used to execute MICA.
Rocks from each of the four geologic units produced broadly similar spectral signatures as a result of comparable mineral compositions, but there were some notable differences. For example, Ca- and Na-montmorillonite was matched most frequently to the spectral absorption features in 2-μm (∼2000–2500 nm) wavelengths, while goethite occurred often at 1-μm (∼400–1000 nm) wavelengths. The latter is related to limonitic iron-staining in and around oxidized zones of the uranium roll front as described in previous papers. Rocks of the Jackson Group differed from those of the Catahoula, Oakville and Goliad units in that the former exhibited spectral features we interpret as being due to the presence of lignite-bearing mudstone layers. Goliad rocks exhibit spectral features related to dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite, and an unidentified green clay mineral that is possibly glauconite. Jackson Group rocks also exhibit weak but well-resolved absorption features at 964 and 1157 nm related to either or both zeolite minerals clinoptilolite and heulandite. These zeolite minerals and a few spectra exhibiting hydrous silica absorption features are indicative of alteration of volcanic glass in tuffaceous mudstone and claystone layers. A few sample spectra exhibited strong absorption features at around 1135 nm related to the uranium mineral coffinite. Both the 1135 nm coffinite and 1157 nm zeolite absorption features overlap somewhat, potentially making them difficult to distinguish without additional hyperspectral field, laboratory or remote sensing data.
The results of this study were compared to mixtures of minerals described for ore, gangue and alteration minerals in deposit models for sandstone-hosted uranium, sedimentary bentonite and sedimentary zeolite. Use of these spectra can help facilitate mapping of both waste materials from the legacy mining of the above commodities, as well as future exploration and resource assessment activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsever","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, B.E., Gallegos, T., Stengel, V.G., Hoefen, T.M., Kokaly, R.F., and Elliott, B., 2024, Hyperspectral (VNIR-SWIR) analysis of roll front uranium host rocks and industrial minerals from Karnes and Live Oak Counties, Texas Coastal Plain: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 257, 107370, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370.","productDescription":"107370, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-136836","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Karnes County, Live Oak County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-97.6145,29.1096],[-97.755,29.0056],[-97.5693,28.8157],[-97.7706,28.6717],[-97.7743,28.669],[-97.7812,28.6646],[-97.7847,28.6688],[-97.7882,28.6716],[-97.7929,28.6721],[-97.8267,28.6715],[-97.8276,28.6742],[-97.8291,28.6761],[-97.8353,28.679],[-97.8461,28.6824],[-97.8538,28.6839],[-97.859,28.6845],[-97.8637,28.6841],[-97.8641,28.6874],[-97.8682,28.6902],[-97.8795,28.6932],[-97.8913,28.6998],[-97.8954,28.7013],[-97.8975,28.7032],[-97.8995,28.7055],[-97.8989,28.7073],[-97.8999,28.7092],[-97.9035,28.7116],[-97.9127,28.7168],[-97.9189,28.7187],[-98.0037,28.6896],[-98.0894,28.6599],[-98.0167,28.5323],[-97.8084,28.1788],[-97.8136,28.1757],[-97.8896,28.1253],[-97.8991,28.1185],[-97.9007,28.1167],[-97.9018,28.1135],[-97.9008,28.1108],[-97.9009,28.1071],[-97.902,28.1048],[-97.9047,28.0998],[-97.9059,28.0934],[-97.9041,28.0846],[-97.9021,28.079],[-97.9013,28.0726],[-97.8988,28.0684],[-97.8963,28.0646],[-97.8943,28.0609],[-97.8923,28.0595],[-98.2338,28.0607],[-98.3343,28.06],[-98.3358,28.4775],[-98.336,28.4982],[-98.3363,28.6117],[-98.099,28.7882],[-98.1879,28.8807],[-97.7292,29.224],[-97.6145,29.1096]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Karnes\",\"state\":\"TX\"}}]}","volume":"257","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":213146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":206859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stengel, Victoria G. 0000-0003-0481-3159 vstengel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0481-3159","contributorId":5932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stengel","given":"Victoria","email":"vstengel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoefen, Todd M. 0000-0002-3083-5987 thoefen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"Todd","email":"thoefen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":205165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elliott, Brent","contributorId":148952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Brent","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17599,"text":"Texas Bureau of Economic Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70255853,"text":"70255853 - 2024 - Shifting hotspots: Climate change projected to drive contractions and expansions of invasive plant abundance habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-09T11:38:31.551849","indexId":"70255853","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-04T06:36:48","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting hotspots: Climate change projected to drive contractions and expansions of invasive plant abundance habitats","docAbstract":"Preventing the spread of range-shifting invasive species is a top priority for mitigating the impacts of climate change. Invasive plants become abundant and cause negative impacts in only a fraction of their introduced ranges, yet projections of invasion risk are almost exclusively derived from models built using all non-native occurrences and neglect abundance information.
Eastern USA.
We compiled abundance records for 144 invasive plant species from five major growth forms. We fit over 600 species distribution models based on occurrences of abundant plant populations, thus projecting which areas in the eastern United States (U.S.) will be most susceptible to invasion under current and +2°C climate change.
We identified current invasive plant hotspots in the Great Lakes region, mid-Atlantic region, and along the northeast coast of Florida and Georgia, each climatically suitable for abundant populations of over 30 invasive plant species. Under a +2°C climate change scenario, hotspots will shift an average of 213 km, predominantly towards the northeast U.S., where some areas are projected to become suitable for up to 21 new invasive plant species. Range shifting species could exacerbate impacts of up to 40 invasive species projected to sustain populations within existing hotspots. On the other hand, within the eastern U.S., 62% of species will experience decreased suitability for abundant populations with climate change. This trend is consistent across five plant growth forms.
We produced species range maps and state-specific watch lists from these analyses, which can inform proactive regulation, monitoring, and management of invasive plants most likely to cause future ecological impacts. Additionally, areas we identify as becoming less suitable for abundant populations could be prioritized for restoration of climate-adapted native species. This research provides a first comprehensive assessment of risk from abundant plant invasions across the eastern U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13787","usgsCitation":"Evans, A.E., Jarnevich, C.S., Beaury, E.M., Engelstad, P.S., Teich, N.B., LaRoe, J., and Bradley, B., 2024, Shifting hotspots: Climate change projected to drive contractions and expansions of invasive plant abundance habitats: Diversity and Distributions, v. 30, no. 1, p. 41-54, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13787.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"54","ipdsId":"IP-145517","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440978,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13787","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VVRES","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"US non-native plant occurrence and abundance data and distribution maps for Eastern US species with current and future climate"},{"id":430830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ],\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 23.62849578921181\n ],\n [\n -64.47261214153237,\n 23.62849578921181\n ],\n [\n -64.47261214153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ],\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Annette E. 0000-0001-6439-4908","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6439-4908","contributorId":328976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Annette","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beaury, Evelyn M.","contributorId":236820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaury","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engelstad, Peder S.","contributorId":316321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelstad","given":"Peder","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":68557,"text":"Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Teich, Nathan B.","contributorId":336508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teich","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaRoe, Jillian 0000-0002-1429-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1429-9811","contributorId":299950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaRoe","given":"Jillian","affiliations":[{"id":64987,"text":"Student contractor to USGS Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bradley, Bethany A. 0000-0003-4912-4971","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4912-4971","contributorId":299998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Bethany A.","affiliations":[{"id":64995,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70250875,"text":"70250875 - 2024 - Glacial vicariance and secondary contact shape demographic histories in a freshwater mussel species complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T17:19:43.793353","indexId":"70250875","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-28T09:38:04","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2333,"text":"Journal of Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacial vicariance and secondary contact shape demographic histories in a freshwater mussel species complex","docAbstract":"Characterizing the mechanisms influencing the distribution of genetic variation in aquatic species can be difficult due to the dynamic nature of hydrological landscapes. In North America’s Central Highlands, a complex history of glacial dynamics, long-term isolation, and secondary contact have shaped genetic variation in aquatic species. Although the effects of glacial history have been demonstrated in many taxa, responses are often lineage- or species-specific and driven by organismal ecology. In this study, we reconstruct the evolutionary history of a freshwater mussel species complex using a suite of mitochondrial and nuclear loci to resolve taxonomic and demographic uncertainties. Our findings do not support Pleurobema rubrum as a valid species, which is proposed for listing as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We synonymize P. rubrum under Pleurobema sintoxia—a common and widespread species found throughout the Mississippi River Basin. Further investigation of patterns of genetic variation in P. sintoxia identified a complex demographic history, including ancestral vicariance and secondary contact, within the Eastern Highlands. We hypothesize these patterns were shaped by ancestral vicariance driven by the formation of Lake Green and subsequent secondary contact after the last glacial maximum. Our inference aligns with demographic histories observed in other aquatic taxa in the region and mirrors patterns of genetic variation of a freshwater fish species (Erimystax dissimilis) confirmed to serve as a parasitic larval host for P. sintoxia. Our findings directly link species ecology to observed patterns of genetic variation and may have significant implications for future conservation and recovery actions of freshwater mussels.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad075","usgsCitation":"Johnson, N., Henderson, A.R., Jones, J.W., Beaver, C., Ahlstedt, S.A., Dinkins, G.R., Eckert, N., Endries, M.J., Garner, J.T., Harris, J.L., Hartfield, P.D., Hubbs, D.W., Lane, T.W., McGregor, M.A., Moles, K.R., Morrison, C., Wagner, M.D., Williams, J.D., and Smith, C.H., 2024, Glacial vicariance and secondary contact shape demographic histories in a freshwater mussel species complex: Journal of Heredity, v. 115, no. 1, p. 72-85, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esad075.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"85","ipdsId":"IP-154056","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441002,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esad075","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435084,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RLSX0Y","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Molecular data used to test species boundaries, characterize phylogeographic patterns of genetic diversity, and guide the Endangered Species Act listing decision for a North American freshwater mussel species complex"},{"id":424279,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.62633202963326,\n 41.6511669603392\n ],\n [\n -95.97480272065495,\n 40.99979228830361\n ],\n [\n -96.85794891517243,\n 32.703114357715066\n ],\n [\n -82.89960066207617,\n 32.704930262259765\n ],\n [\n -75.62633202963326,\n 41.6511669603392\n ]\n ]\n ],\n 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D.","contributorId":330124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Williams, James D.","contributorId":17690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Smith, Chase H. 0000-0002-1499-0311","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-0311","contributorId":225140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Chase","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70252271,"text":"70252271 - 2024 - Sediment thickness map of United States Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Strata, and their influence on earthquake ground motions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-22T12:00:54.461553","indexId":"70252271","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-23T06:58:36","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment thickness map of United States Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Strata, and their influence on earthquake ground motions","docAbstract":"We detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild waterfowl inhabiting western Alaska during September–October 2022 using a molecular sequencing pipeline applied to RNA extracts derived directly from original swab samples. Genomic characterization of 10 H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses detected with high confidence provided evidence for three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our results highlight the utility and some potential limits of applying molecular processing approaches directly to RNA extracts from original swab samples for viral research and monitoring.
Connectivity is a foundational concept in ecology and conservation and was the organising theme for the 2022 Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Fishes Council, a professional organisation dedicated to the study and conservation of freshwater fishes native to the southeast region of the United States (US). We introduce a Special Contribution of six papers selected from presentations at that meeting that illustrate perspectives on connections created by fish migration and dispersal, evolved life histories and habitat affinities and interspecific facilitation. Although focused on streams of the southeast US, each of these topics is broadly relevant to freshwater fish conservation, particularly with respect to causes and consequences of migratory fish depletion, population fragmentation and species declines. Many other connections relevant to the ecology and conservation of freshwater fishes remain relatively unexplored but could substantively advance conservation. We highlight the potential that species evolutionary histories, that is connections through time, reconstructed using species distributions and phylogenies may improve predictions of species responses to environmental change. Identifying species interdependencies, including undiscovered interactions that support survival or reproduction, could provide insights into how species losses may cascade as aquatic communities unravel. Finally, efforts to elucidate diverse connections between people and freshwater biodiversity, particularly where fisheries are historic and streams mostly go unnoticed, may prove essential to building public support for conservation measures. A research agenda anchored on ‘biodiversity connections’ has the potential to advance ecological understanding and public engagement, elements essential to conserving freshwater fishes.
Veterinary antibiotics and estrogens are excreted in livestock waste before being applied to agricultural lands as fertilizer, resulting in contamination of soil and adjacent waterways. The objectives of this study were to 1) investigate the degradation kinetics of the VAs sulfamethazine and lincomycin and the estrogens estrone and 17β-estradiol in soil mesocosms, and 2) assess the effect of the phytochemical DIBOA-Glu, secreted in eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides) roots, on antibiotic degradation due to the ability of DIBOA-Glu to facilitate hydrolysis of atrazine in solution assays. Mesocosm soil was a silt loam representing a typical claypan soil in portions of Missouri and the Central United States. Mesocosms (n = 133) were treated with a single target compound (antibiotic concentrations at 125 ng g−1 dw, estrogen concentrations at 1250 ng g−1 dw); a subset of mesocosms treated with antibiotics were also treated with DIBOA-Glu (12,500 ng g−1 dw); all mesocosms were kept at 60% water-filled pore space and incubated at 25 °C in darkness. Randomly chosen mesocosms were destructively sampled in triplicate for up to 96 days. All targeted compounds followed pseudo first-order degradation kinetics in soil. The soil half-life (t0.5) of sulfamethazine ranged between 17.8 and 30.1 d and ranged between 9.37 and 9.90 d for lincomycin. The antibiotics results showed no significant differences in degradation kinetics between treatments with or without DIBOA-Glu. For estrogens, degradation rates of estrone (t0.5 = 4.71–6.08 d) and 17β-estradiol (t0.5 = 5.59–6.03 d) were very similar; however, results showed that estrone was present as a metabolite in the 17β-estradiol treated mesocosms and vice-versa within 24 h. The antibiotics results suggest that sulfamethazine has a greater potential to persist in soil than lincomycin. The interconversion of 17β-estradiol and estrone in soil increased their overall persistence and sustained soil estrogenicity. This study demonstrates the persistence of these compounds in a typical claypan soil representing portions of the Central United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140501","usgsCitation":"Moody, A.H., Lerch, R., Goyle, K., Anderson, S., Mendoza-Cozatl, D., and Alvarez, D.A., 2024, Degradation kinetics of veterinary antibiotics and estrogenic hormones in a claypan soil: Chemosphere, v. 346, 140501, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140501.","productDescription":"140501, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154423","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140501","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"346","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, Adam H. 0000-0001-6160-7920","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-7920","contributorId":302592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lerch, Robert N.","contributorId":189360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lerch","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":889658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goyle, Keith","contributorId":332184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goyle","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25550,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Stephen H.","contributorId":204932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Stephen H.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mendoza-Cozatl, David","contributorId":302593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendoza-Cozatl","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alvarez, David A. 0000-0002-6918-2709","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-2709","contributorId":220763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70250003,"text":"70250003 - 2024 - Warming experiments test the temperature sensitivity of an endangered butterfly across life history stages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-10T14:38:37.679784","indexId":"70250003","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-16T07:24:22","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2356,"text":"Journal of Insect Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Warming experiments test the temperature sensitivity of an endangered butterfly across life history stages","docAbstract":"The Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) (hereafter Karner blue) is a federally listed endangered species occurring in disjunct locations within the Midwest and Eastern United States. As a hostplant specialist and an ectotherm, the Karner blue is likely to be susceptible to effects of climate change. We undertook warming experiments to explore the temperature sensitivity of various Karner blue life history stages and traits. Over a two-year period, we exposed all Karner blue life stages to temperature increases of + 2, + 4, and + 6 °C above 1952–1999 mean temperatures. We analyzed the effect of these treatments on life history parameters likely related to fitness and population size, including development time, voltinism, degree-day accumulation, body weight, and morphology. Warming treatments resulted in earlier emergence and accelerated development, leading to additional generations. Warming also increased the number of degree-days accumulated during pre-adult development (i.e., egg hatch to eclosion). Results suggest that Karner blues developed in fewer days, in part, by putting on less mass as temperatures increased. As treatment temperature increased, adult body mass, length, and area decreased and voltinism increased. Females with lower adult mass and smaller body size produced fewer eggs. These results suggest a trade-off between accelerated development and decreased body size with decrease in adult mass and abdominal area being associated with reduced fecundity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10841-023-00518-3","usgsCitation":"Bristow, L., Grundel, R., Dzurisin, J., Li, Y., Hildreth, A., and Hellmann, J., 2024, Warming experiments test the temperature sensitivity of an endangered butterfly across life history stages: Journal of Insect Conservation, v. 28, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-023-00518-3.","productDescription":"13 p.; Data Release","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-135632","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441869,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-023-00518-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435148,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P967LATZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Effects of warming on development rates on Karner Blue Butterfly laboratory data (2011-2012)"},{"id":422517,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bristow, Lainey","contributorId":331510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bristow","given":"Lainey","affiliations":[{"id":39516,"text":"University of Notre Dame","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grundel, Ralph 0000-0002-2949-7087 rgrundel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-7087","contributorId":2444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grundel","given":"Ralph","email":"rgrundel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dzurisin, Jason","contributorId":331511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Yudi","contributorId":331512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yudi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hildreth, Andrew","contributorId":331513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hellmann, Jessica","contributorId":331514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hellmann","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70256420,"text":"70256420 - 2024 - Evaluation of fall-seeded cover crops for grassland nesting waterfowl in eastern South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-01T15:52:56.993594","indexId":"70256420","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-05T10:49:07","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of fall-seeded cover crops for grassland nesting waterfowl in eastern South Dakota","docAbstract":"The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) is the primary breeding ground for many species of North American waterfowl. The PPR was historically dominated by mixed and tallgrass prairies interspersed with wetlands, but >70% of the native grassland area has been lost due to widespread conversion to croplands. Cover cropping is a reemerging farming technique that may provide suitable nesting cover for grassland nesting waterfowl in active croplands, but waterfowl nest survival in fall cover-cropped fields has not been evaluated. We studied use (nest abundance and density) and nest survival of breeding waterfowl in fall-seeded cover crops and perennial cover during 2018 and 2019. We searched 2,094 ha of cover crops and 1,604 ha of perennial cover and found 123 and 304 duck nests, respectively, in each cover type. Estimated nest success (34-day interval) was 3.7% and 16.6% in cover crops during 2018 and 2019, respectively, versus 22.1% in 2018 and 24.9% in 2019 in perennial cover, with increased success of cover-crop fields in 2019 resulting from precipitation that prevented most fields from being planted to row crops. In a model that included effects of planting, daily nest survival in perennial cover was 0.944 (SD = 0.026) in 2018 and 0.960 (SD = 0.019) in 2019. Estimated daily nest survival was 0.912 (SD = 0.040) in 2018 and 0.960 (SD = 0.019) in 2019 during intervals when planting did not occur, but was only 0.417 (SD = 0.124) in 2018 and 0.612 (SD = 0.117) in 2019 on the day that planting occurred. Estimated nest densities in 2018 and 2019, adjusted for nests that failed prior to discovery, were 5.1 (SE = 1.1) and 11.0 (SE = 3.1) nests 100-ha−1 in perennial cover, but only 2.1 (SE = 0.8) and 2.6 (SE = 0.7) in cover crops, respectively. Based on observed nest initiation and planting dates, about 70% of duck nests in cover crops would experience planting events in a typical growing season. Our results suggest that under current management techniques, fall-seeded cover crops offer poor nesting habitat for waterfowl; however, the important benefits cover crops provide to soil health, water quality, and other ecosystem services remain.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1484","usgsCitation":"Gallman, C.W., Arnold, T., Michel, E.S., and Stafford, J.D., 2024, Evaluation of fall-seeded cover crops for grassland nesting waterfowl in eastern South Dakota: Wildlife Society Bulletin, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1484.","ipdsId":"IP-138726","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1484","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.62300789778979,\n 42.70452095814687\n ],\n [\n -71.62300789778979,\n 42.65160665862743\n ],\n [\n -71.5465897901165,\n 42.65160665862743\n ],\n [\n -71.5465897901165,\n 42.70452095814687\n ],\n [\n -71.62300789778979,\n 42.70452095814687\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.06563969108848,\n 45.92537600884873\n ],\n [\n -101.06563969108848,\n 42.51351369305877\n ],\n [\n -96.13503097856136,\n 42.51351369305877\n ],\n [\n -96.13503097856136,\n 45.92537600884873\n ],\n [\n -101.06563969108848,\n 45.92537600884873\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallman, Charles W.","contributorId":340511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallman","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arnold, Todd W.","contributorId":340512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"Todd W.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michel, Eric S.","contributorId":204829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michel","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stafford, Joshua D. 0000-0001-7590-8708 jstafford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7590-8708","contributorId":267260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Joshua","email":"jstafford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70247980,"text":"70247980 - 2024 - Comparing wetland elevation change using a surface elevation table, digital level, and total station","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-26T14:07:30.75838","indexId":"70247980","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-24T07:09:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing wetland elevation change using a surface elevation table, digital level, and total station","docAbstract":"The surface elevation table (SET) approach and two survey instruments, a digital level (DL) and a total station (TS), were used to evaluate elevation change at a 1-ha, micro-tidal, back-barrier salt marsh at Assateague Island National Seashore (Berlin, MD, USA) from 2016 to 2022. SET data were collected at 3 sampling stations along the perimeter of the plot, 36 pins per station, and the DL and TS data were collected adjacent to 36 stakes, four readings per stake, throughout the plot. The average elevation range of the marsh surface measurements at the SET stations was 2 cm, while the range was considerably greater within the larger 1-ha DL and TS sampling area (24 cm). The average elevation of the marsh surface only varied by 2 cm among the three methods. Elevation change trends of the three methods ranged from 2.8 to 3.5 mm year−1 and were not significantly different from each other. Despite differences in sample size and spatial distribution of measurements, these methods provided comparable measures of long-term trends in marsh surface elevation probably because the marsh at this site was structurally homogeneous with low topographic relief.
Twenty years of surface elevation table and marker horizon monitoring at three sites along the Fire Island (New York, USA) barrier island indicates that rates of marsh surface elevation change (Watch Hill, 4.4 mm year−1; Hospital Point, 3.5 mm year−1; Great Gun, − 0.3 mm year−1) were lower than the rate of monthly mean sea-level rise during the 2002–2022 monitoring period (5.1 mm year−1, NOAA Sandy Hook, NJ, water level station). The Great Gun monitoring site, with an elevation deficit relative to sea-level rise, shallow subsidence (surface accretion > marsh elevation rate), low elevation capital, prolonged marsh surface flooding, and declining vegetation cover, displays characteristics common to deteriorating marshes. The submergence trend was not as evident at the other monitoring sites, but with low tidal range (0.4 m) and projections of accelerated sea-level rise, sustainability is questioned if marsh elevation change continues to lag behind the local rate of relative sea-level rise. Hurricane Sandy occurred during the monitoring period (October 2012), creating a new inlet located about 300 m from one of the monitoring sites. Surprisingly, no immediate signals of deposition or erosion were noted from the marker horizon sampling. Overwash sand deposits on the marsh surface were extensive along Fire Island, although not reaching the monitoring sites, and will likely provide opportunities for future salt marsh growth, as will the flood-tide delta created by the inlet. Projecting the future of barrier island salt marshes under a regime of accelerated sea-level rise and episodic storms requires knowledge of marsh elevation and accretion processes and geomorphic dynamics.
Lakes and bogs in northeastern North America preserve tephra deposits sourced from multiple volcanic systems in the Northern Hemisphere. However, most studies of these deposits focus on specific Holocene intervals and the latest Pleistocene, providing snapshots rather than a full picture. We combine new data with previous work, supplemented by a broad review of the characteristics and ages of potential source regions and volcanoes, to develop the first composite tephrostratigraphic framework covering the last ~14,000 years for this region. We report new cryptotephra records from three ombrotrophic peat bogs—Irwin Smith (Michigan), Bloomingdale (New York), and Sidney Bog (Maine)—as well as new analyses and age models from previously reported sites, Nordan’s Pond Bog (Newfoundland) and Thin-Ice Pond (Nova Scotia). A new tephra (Iliinsky) from the NGRIP and GRIP ice cores is also presented as it can be correlated to new data from these terrestrial records and helps validate radiocarbon age models. We identify 21 new tephra in addition to the 15 already known, several of which cover the entire region – the White River Ash east, Newberry Pumice, Ruppert (NDN230), and Mazama. For the first time we find Mount St. Helens Yn (ca. 3660 cal yr BP) and a set P tephra (~3000–2550 cal yr BP), and confirm the presence of Jala Pumice from Volcan Ceboruco, Mexico, and KS1 from Ksudach volcano, Kamchatka. We describe new “ultra-distal” tephra, including the early Holocene KS2 eruption, and propose correlations to volcanoes Iliinsky and Shiveluch of Kamchatka, and Ushishir of the Kurile Islands. Not all of these tephra represent large eruptions, with several plausible correlations to sub-Plinian events. Using Bayesian age-modeling, we present new age estimates for the newly described tephra, for tephra with previously poor age control, and for several proximal correlatives. Overall, we demonstrate northeastern North America’s importance for providing transcontinental linkages between paleoenvironmental records and providing insights into ash distribution from different styles and sizes of eruptions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107242","usgsCitation":"Jensen, B.J., Davies, L.J., Nolan, C.J., Pyne-O’Donnell, S., Monteath, A., Ponomareva, V., Portnyagin, M., Booth, R.K., Bursik, M., Cook, E., Plunkett, G., Vallance, J.W., Luo, Y., Cwynar, L., Hughes, P., and Pearson, D., 2024, A latest Pleistocene and Holocene composite tephrostratigraphic framework for northeastern North America: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 272, 107242, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107242.","productDescription":"107242, 31 p.","ipdsId":"IP-133544","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107242","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":465569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"northeastern North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.70710190314398,\n 45.89875407338073\n ],\n [\n -87.25715165097691,\n 41.88494584293869\n ],\n [\n -70.39038584514105,\n 42.568403377972174\n ],\n [\n -61.02421079487245,\n 44.282776992445974\n ],\n [\n -51.839625858910196,\n 47.329526024513775\n ],\n [\n -51.90792307454112,\n 48.349799922260345\n ],\n [\n -54.77047158421425,\n 51.839642161004456\n ],\n [\n -65.24334883460824,\n 49.434251662776575\n ],\n [\n -86.70710190314398,\n 45.89875407338073\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"272","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jensen, Britta J.L. 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University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Plunkett, Gill 0000-0003-1014-3454","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1014-3454","contributorId":288522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plunkett","given":"Gill","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61787,"text":"Queen’s University Belfast","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Vallance, James W. 0000-0002-3083-5469 jvallance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5469","contributorId":547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"James","email":"jvallance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Luo, Yantao","contributorId":204972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luo","given":"Yantao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37017,"text":"College of Mathematics and System Sciences, Xinjiang University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Cwynar, Les C. 0000-0002-4415-6352","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-6352","contributorId":347678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cwynar","given":"Les C.","affiliations":[{"id":83204,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hughes, Paul","contributorId":220209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40153,"text":"University of South Hampton, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Pearson, D. Graham","contributorId":347679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearson","given":"D. Graham","affiliations":[{"id":83205,"text":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70261212,"text":"70261212 - 2024 - Decrease in seismic velocity observed prior to the 2018 eruption of Kilauea volcano with ambient seismic noise interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-02T15:33:58.377781","indexId":"70261212","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decrease in seismic velocity observed prior to the 2018 eruption of Kilauea volcano with ambient seismic noise interferometry","docAbstract":"The 2018 Kilauea eruption was a complex event that included deformation and eruption at the summit and along the middle and lower East Rift Zones. We use ambient seismic noise interferometry to measure time-lapse changes in seismic velocity of the volcanic edifice prior to the 2018 Kilauea Lower East Rift Zone eruption. Our results show that seismic velocities increase in relation to gradual inflation between 1 March and 20 April. In the ten days prior to the May 3rd eruption, a rapid seismic velocity decrease occurs even though the summit is still undergoing inflation. We show that inter-eruptive inflation/deflation is correlated with surface deformation, while the velocity decrease prior to East Rift Zone eruption is likely due to accumulating damage induced by the pressure exerted by the magma reservoir on the surrounding edifice. The accumulating damage and subsequent decrease in bulk edifice strength likely facilitates the transport of magma from the summit reservoir to the Middle East Rift Zone.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018GL081609","usgsCitation":"Olivier, G., Brenguier, F., Carey, R.J., Okubo, P., and Donaldson, C., 2024, Decrease in seismic velocity observed prior to the 2018 eruption of Kilauea volcano with ambient seismic noise interferometry: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 46, no. 7, p. 3734-3744, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL081609.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"3734","endPage":"3744","ipdsId":"IP-102999","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl081609","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":464629,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.31292752524547,\n 19.45502623491619\n ],\n [\n -155.31292752524547,\n 19.39548460880674\n ],\n [\n -155.21913756133694,\n 19.39548460880674\n ],\n [\n -155.21913756133694,\n 19.45502623491619\n ],\n [\n -155.31292752524547,\n 19.45502623491619\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olivier, Gerrit","contributorId":346798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olivier","given":"Gerrit","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82967,"text":"Institute of Mine Seismology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brenguier, Florent","contributorId":346799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenguier","given":"Florent","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82968,"text":"University of Grenoble","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carey, Rebecca J.","contributorId":145530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carey","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16141,"text":"University of Tasmania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Okubo, P. 0000-0002-0381-6051","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":49432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":919919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Donaldson, C.","contributorId":346843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donaldson","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178240,"text":"70178240 - 2024 - Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports — International — Africa and the Middle East","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70178240,"text":"70178240 - 2024 - Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports — International — Africa and the Middle East","indexId":"70178240","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Minerals Yearbook, Volume III, Area Reports — International — Africa and the Middle East","title":"Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports — International — Africa and the Middle East"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70048196,"text":"70048196 - 2024 - Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports — International","indexId":"70048196","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"title":"Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports — International"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70048196,"text":"70048196 - 2024 - Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports — International","indexId":"70048196","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"title":"Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports — International"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-08T20:00:03.38992","indexId":"70178240","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":370,"text":"Minerals Yearbook","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"displayTitle":"Minerals Yearbook, Volume III, Area Reports — International — Africa and the Middle East","title":"Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports — International — Africa and the Middle East","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Minerals Yearbook discusses the performance of the worldwide minerals and materials industries and provides background information to assist in interpreting that performance. Content of the individual Minerals Yearbook volumes follows:
The USGS continually strives to improve the value of its publications to users. Constructive comments and suggestions by readers of the Minerals Yearbook are welcome.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70178240","issn":"0076–8952","collaboration":"National Minerals Information CenterDirector, National Minerals Information Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
988 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
(703) 648-4961
Email: nmicrecordsmgt@usgs.gov
In 2020, the U.S. Geological Survey began targeted monitoring, in partnership with Bernalillo County, at three locations within the McEwen storm drainage pond to evaluate and compare the water quality of stormwater as it enters and exits the study area, which is channelized and routes urban stormwater runoff through a wetland area. Stage in McEwen pond and precipitation at a nearby precipitation gage were evaluated to observe relations between rainfall and stage, as well as how long the stage remained elevated at the site. Peak stage ranged from 0.73 to 2.4 feet, with the time to reach peak stage at McEwen pond ranging from 45 minutes to 10 hours and 45 minutes. The stage remained elevated for a median of 3 days. Monitored water-quality parameters included physical parameters, bacteria, sediment, and nutrients. Bacteria was the only parameter that frequently exceeded the New Mexico Water Quality standard. Significant differences (p less than 0.05) among sites were few, consisting of those for total nitrogen and dissolved ammonia concentrations, which decreased toward the middle of the pond and were lower in the outflow from the pond compared to concentrations at the east and west sites. The middle of McEwen pond showed an increase in the percentage of fine-grained sediment, which suggests that larger particles settled into the pond and were further filtered as water traveled through the swales. Concentrations of suspended sediment and dissolved nutrients were significantly lower in 2022 compared to previous years. Although the site is still undergoing restoration and plants are becoming established, observations over the last several years indicate that site restoration has resulted in changes to the study area through processes such as nutrient uptake and the filtering of larger sediment particles.
Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd. NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113
Contact Us- USGS Publications Warehouse
","tableOfContents":"Harrat Rahat, one of several large, basalt-dominated volcanic fields in the western part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, is a prime example of continental, intraplate volcanism. Excellent exposure makes this an outstanding site to investigate changing volcanic flux and composition through time. We present 93 40Ar/39Ar ages and 6 36Cl surface-exposure ages for volcanic deposits throughout northern Harrat Rahat that, integrated with a new geologic map, define 12 eruptive stages. Exposed volcanic deposits in the study area erupted less than 1.2 million years ago (Ma), and 214 of 234 identified eruptions occurred less than 570 thousand years ago (ka). Two eruptions were in the Holocene, including a historically described basaltic eruption in 1256 C.E. and a trachyte eruption newly recognized as Holocene (4.2±5.2 ka). An estimated approximately 82 cubic kilometers (km3; dense rock equivalent) of volcanic products can be documented as having erupted since 1.2 Ma, though this is a lower limit because of concealment of deposits older than 570 ka. Over the last 570 thousand years (k.y.), the average eruption rate was 0.14 cubic kilometers per thousand years (km3/k.y.), but volcanism was episodic with periods alternating between low (0.04–0.06 km3/k.y.) and high (0.1–0.3 km3/k.y.) effusion rates. Before 180 ka, eruptions vented from the volcanic field’s dominant eastern vent axis and from a subsidiary, diffuse, western vent axis. After 180 ka, volcanism focused along the eastern vent axis, and the composition of volcanism varied systematically along its length from basalt dominated in the north to trachyte dominated in the south. We hypothesize that these compositional variations younger than 180 k.y. reflect the growth of a mafic intrusive complex beneath the southern part of the vent axis, which led to the development of evolved magmas. Lastly, these new age data allow for a reassessment of the volcanic recurrence interval at northern Harrat Rahat. Based on available data, volcanism in northern Harrat Rahat over the last 180 k.y. is poorly described using a Poisson distribution with a single recurrence interval. Instead, data for northern Harrat Rahat are better described using a mixed exponential distribution that is applicable for volcanic systems characterized by two different eruptive states, where one state with a longer recurrence interval corresponding to periods of low eruption frequency and one state with a shorter recurrence interval corresponding to periods of high eruption frequency. The preferred model for northern Harrat Rahat over the last 180 k.y. uses a long recurrence interval of 4.0 k.y. and a short recurrence interval of 0.22 k.y.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1862D","collaboration":"Jointly published with the Saudi Geological Survey [as Saudi Geological Survey Special Report SGS–SP–2021–1]","usgsCitation":"Stelten, M.E., Downs, D.T., Champion, D.E., Dietterich, H.R., Calvert, A.T., Sisson, T.W., Mahood, G.A., and Zahran, H.M., 2023, Eruptive history of northern Harrat Rahat—Volume, timing, and composition of volcanism over the past 1.2 million years, chap. D of Sisson, T.W., Calvert, A.T., and Mooney, W.D., eds., Active volcanism on the Arabian Shield—Geology, volcanology, and geophysics of northern Harrat Rahat and vicinity, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1862 [also released as Saudi Geological Survey Special Report SGS–SP–2021–1], 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1862D.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 46 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-112590","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423978,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P92FB6AQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Ar isotope data for volcanic rocks from the northern Harrat Rahat volcanic field and surrounding area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"},{"id":423977,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1862/d/pp1862d.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"pp 1862-D"},{"id":423976,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1862/d/coverthbd.jpg"}],"country":"Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 38.462137339848226,\n 25.895423004545833\n ],\n [\n 38.462137339848226,\n 22.346642935140807\n ],\n [\n 42.32932483984882,\n 22.346642935140807\n ],\n [\n 42.32932483984882,\n 25.895423004545833\n ],\n [\n 38.462137339848226,\n 25.895423004545833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Movement is an important eco-evolutionary process that can shape population and ecosystem structure and function. Accordingly, a firm understanding of species movement ecology is often foundational to effective management and conservation. However, despite movement being an inherently individual-level behavior, there remains a tendency to describe dispersal and migration patterns using simple population-level processes and effects. Overlooking within- and among-individual variation in movement risks incomplete understanding of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that govern dispersal dynamics and could potentially result in inadequate management of critical behavioral phenotypes. In this study, we monitored movement of over 100 brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and quantified the effect of individual-level traits, season, and their interactions to better understand factors that influence vagility. Our results suggest that movement was higher in fall than in summer, particularly for fish in poor condition. But we found no significant main effects for sex, providing no evidence for sex-biased dispersal. To better understand sources of individual variation, we also allowed for sex- and season-specific residual standard deviations. In doing so, we found that, on average, movement was more variable in fall compared to summer, and that females were more variable than males in vagility. Taken together, these results demonstrate how intrinsic, individual-level traits can interact with abiotic environmental conditions to determine movement. They also highlight the potential for simple explanations of movement ecology to overlook important traits that may help predict individual-level behaviors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10641-023-01501-2","usgsCitation":"White, S.L., Keagy, J., Batchelor, S., Langlois, J., Thomas, N., and Wagner, T., 2023, Movement beyond the mean: decoupling sources of individual variation in brook trout movement across seasons: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 106, p. 2205-2218, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-023-01501-2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2205","endPage":"2218","ipdsId":"IP-154899","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":433386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Loyalsock Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.06519870933498,\n 41.59744767846257\n ],\n [\n -77.06519870933498,\n 40.982390970848996\n ],\n [\n -76.5874262429697,\n 40.982390970848996\n ],\n [\n -76.5874262429697,\n 41.59744767846257\n ],\n [\n -77.06519870933498,\n 41.59744767846257\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Shannon L. 0000-0003-4687-6596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-6596","contributorId":263424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keagy, Jason","contributorId":342684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keagy","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Batchelor, Sarah","contributorId":342686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batchelor","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Langlois, Julia","contributorId":342688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langlois","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thomas, Natalie","contributorId":342690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Natalie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70251309,"text":"70251309 - 2023 - Winter distribution of golden eagles in the Eastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-03T15:20:51.605387","indexId":"70251309","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-27T09:13:00","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter distribution of golden eagles in the Eastern USA","docAbstract":"Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) have a Holarctic distribution, but some details of that overall distribution are poorly understood, including parts of the range in eastern North America. Recent studies in the region suggest that Golden Eagles may be more widely distributed than previously recognized. For species specific conservation efforts to be effective, an understanding of the distribution of the species is essential. Thus, the goal of this study was to map the winter distribution of Golden Eagles in the eastern half of the USA. To accomplish this, we reviewed and compiled 11,981 Golden Eagle records from eight data sources, including literature and ornithology records, community science data, survey data, and telemetry data. We found that Golden Eagles were observed in winter in each of the 31 states that lie completely east of the 100th meridian and in 1244 of the 2045 counties (61%) in those states. The proportion of counties with records varied by physiographic province, with higher proportions in physiographic provinces with more rugged terrain and greater forest cover. Our study shows that Golden Eagles are more widely distributed during winter in eastern USA states than was previously recognized. This work provides an important foundation for future management and research at a time when threats to this species are expanding rapidly on the landscape.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3356/JRR-23-00012","usgsCitation":"Miller, T., Lanzone, M., Braham, M., Adam Duerr, Cooper, J., Somershoe, S., Hanni, D., Soehren, E.C., Threadgill, C., Maddox, M., Stober, J., Kelly, C.A., Salo, T., Berry, A., Martell, M., Mehus, S., Dirks, B., Sargent, R., and Katzner, T., 2023, Winter distribution of golden eagles in the Eastern USA: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 57, no. 4, p. 522-532, https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-23-00012.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"532","ipdsId":"IP-151100","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":425370,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 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Global","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanzone, Michael","contributorId":333809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanzone","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13392,"text":"Cellular Tracking Technologies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Braham, Melissa","contributorId":333810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Braham","given":"Melissa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63970,"text":"Conservation Science Global","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adam Duerr","contributorId":333811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adam Duerr","affiliations":[{"id":63970,"text":"Conservation Science 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Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":894057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Soehren, Eric C.","contributorId":288450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soehren","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Threadgill, Carrie","contributorId":288451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Threadgill","given":"Carrie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Maddox, Mercedes","contributorId":288452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maddox","given":"Mercedes","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stober, Jonathan","contributorId":288453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stober","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kelly, Christine A.","contributorId":171661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35598,"text":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":894062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Salo, Tom","contributorId":333832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salo","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Berry, Andrew","contributorId":288455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berry","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Martell, Mark S.","contributorId":12180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martell","given":"Mark S.","affiliations":[{"id":12435,"text":"Audubon Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":894065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Mehus, Scott","contributorId":333833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mehus","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Dirks, Brian","contributorId":333834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dirks","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Sargent, Robert","contributorId":288449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sargent","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":894068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":894069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70250336,"text":"sir20235100 - 2023 - Simulating groundwater flow in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain with a focus on the Mississippi Delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-13T15:20:23.277736","indexId":"sir20235100","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-22T15:26:20","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2023-5100","displayTitle":"Simulating Groundwater Flow in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain with a Focus on the Mississippi Delta","title":"Simulating groundwater flow in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain with a focus on the Mississippi Delta","docAbstract":"The Mississippi Alluvial Plain has become one of the most important agricultural regions in the United States but relies heavily on groundwater for irrigation. On average, more than 12 billion gallons are withdrawn daily from the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer. Declining groundwater levels, especially in the Delta region of northwest Mississippi and the Cache and Grand Prairie regions of eastern Arkansas, have led to concerns about future sustainability. The U.S. Geological Survey Mississippi Alluvial Plain Project is focused on quantifying the groundwater system in the alluvial plain and the response of groundwater resources to future development. A key objective of the project is to provide updated groundwater flow models supported by extensive data collection and analyses. MODFLOW 6, PEST++, and several open-source python packages were used to develop a simplified, faster running version of the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study model that can provide boundary conditions for local inset models, including the Mississippi Delta model described in this report. An automated workflow was used for model construction, history matching, and development of baseline future climate scenarios. The models incorporate information from a Soil-Water-Balance code simulation of the terrestrial water balance, metering-based estimates of water use from thousands of wells, measured and estimated streamflow and stages, and the largest airborne electromagnetic survey flown to date in the United States. Baseline scenarios for the Mississippi Delta under potential future climates were constructed using recharge, surface runoff and irrigation pumping forcings from a future version of the Soil-Water-Balance model, driven by downscaled temperature and precipitation output from 10 general circulation model simulations, including high and moderate carbon emissions pathways.
Results indicate a complex water balance that varies in time and space in terms of the terrestrial recharge, stream leakage, and regional groundwater flow components, which are affected by seasonal forcings, human activity, and alluvial geomorphology. The general circulation model outputs indicate a continued rise in average temperatures but no clear precipitation trend. Increased crop water demand is anticipated from the higher temperatures, resulting in increased irrigation withdrawals to sustain current levels of irrigated agriculture. Simulated drawdowns in groundwater levels at the mid-21st century vary greatly. Under moderate or wet climate scenarios, and in parts of the aquifer that are well connected to surface water, little to no additional drawdown is anticipated. Under dry or warm scenarios, drawdowns of as much as 10 meters or more are possible in parts of the aquifer that are relatively disconnected from surface water. Under dry or warm scenarios, the portion of the Delta with greater than 60 feet of saturated thickness could be reduced from near 100 percent currently (2018) to 80–90 percent by mid-century. Future simulations with the model could include alternative management scenarios to identify options for improving groundwater sustainability. The automated model construction workflows are designed to facilitate regular updating, making this a “living” framework that the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality and other stakeholders can use for adaptive management going forward.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235100","programNote":"Water Use and Availability Science Program","usgsCitation":"Leaf, A.T., Duncan, L.L., Haugh, C.J., Hunt, R.J., and Rigby, J.R., 2023, Simulating groundwater flow in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain with a focus on the Mississippi Delta: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5100, 143 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235100.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 143 p.; 4 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"156","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-135342","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423184,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P971LPOB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW 6 models for simulating groundwater flow in the Mississippi Embayment with a focus on the Mississippi Delta"},{"id":423183,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5100/images/"},{"id":501149,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115886.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":423188,"rank":9,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235100/full"},{"id":423187,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P97KK17G","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Model archive and output files for net infiltration, runoff, and irrigation water use for the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer System, 2000 to 2020, simulated with the Soil-Water-Balance model"},{"id":423186,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BC6UB8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Soil-Water-Balance forecasted climate model output for simulations of water budget components in the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer System, 2020 to 2055"},{"id":423185,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TSDEAC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital surfaces and site data of well-screen top and bottom altitudes defining the irrigation production zone of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer within the Mississippi Alluvial Plain project region"},{"id":423182,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5100/sir20235100.XML"},{"id":423181,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5100/sir20235100.pdf","text":"Report","size":"59.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023–5100"},{"id":423180,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5100/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":423680,"rank":10,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235051","text":"SIR 2023–5051","linkHelpText":"—Automated construction of Streamflow-Routing networks for MODFLOW—Application in the Mississippi Embayment region"},{"id":423681,"rank":11,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235080","text":"SIR 2023–5080","linkHelpText":"—Updated estimates of water budget components for the Mississippi embayment region using a Soil-Water-Balance model, 2000–2020"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.14337516530937,\n 32.22047635687272\n ],\n [\n -89.39679313405937,\n 32.22047635687272\n ],\n [\n -89.39679313405937,\n 35.046419541331645\n ],\n [\n -92.14337516530937,\n 35.046419541331645\n ],\n [\n -92.14337516530937,\n 32.22047635687272\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1 Gifford Pinchot Drive
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Sea level rise is leading to the rapid migration of marshes into coastal forests and other terrestrial ecosystems. Although complex biophysical interactions likely govern these ecosystem transitions, projections of sea level driven land conversion commonly rely on a simplified “threshold elevation” that represents the elevation of the marsh-upland boundary based on tidal datums alone. To determine the influence of biophysical drivers on threshold elevations, and their implication for land conversion, we examined almost 100,000 high-resolution marsh-forest boundary elevation points, determined independently from tidal datums, alongside hydrologic, ecologic, and geomorphic data in the Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the U.S. located along the mid-Atlantic coast. We find five-fold variations in threshold elevation across the entire estuary, driven not only by tidal range, but also salinity and slope. However, more than half of the variability is unexplained by these variables, which we attribute largely to uncaptured local factors including groundwater discharge, microtopography, and anthropogenic impacts. In the Chesapeake Bay, observed threshold elevations deviate from predicted elevations used to determine sea level driven land conversion by as much as the amount of projected regional sea level rise by 2050. These results suggest that local drivers strongly mediate coastal ecosystem transitions, and that predictions based on elevation and tidal datums alone may misrepresent future land conversion.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023JG007525","usgsCitation":"Molino, G., Carr, J., Ganju, N., and Kirwan, M., 2023, Biophysical drivers of coastal treeline elevation: JGR Biogeosciences, v. 128, no. 12, e2023JG007525, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JG007525.","productDescription":"e2023JG007525, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152726","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jg007525","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.8511875475028,\n 39.673022111699964\n ],\n [\n -76.8511875475028,\n 36.994029518343055\n ],\n [\n -75.03985116290059,\n 36.994029518343055\n ],\n [\n -75.03985116290059,\n 39.673022111699964\n ],\n [\n -76.8511875475028,\n 39.673022111699964\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"128","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molino, Grace 0000-0001-7345-8619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7345-8619","contributorId":292186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molino","given":"Grace","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, Joel A. 0000-0002-9164-4156 jcarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9164-4156","contributorId":168645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Joel A.","email":"jcarr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":202878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirwan, Mathew 0000-0002-0658-3038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-3038","contributorId":333093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Mathew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70250566,"text":"cir1516 - 2023 - Integrated science strategy for assessing and monitoring water availability and migratory birds for terminal lakes across the Great Basin, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-07T21:10:28.947951","indexId":"cir1516","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-22T07:00:34","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1516","displayTitle":"Integrated Science Strategy for Assessing and Monitoring Water Availability and Migratory Birds for Terminal Lakes Across the Great Basin, United States","title":"Integrated science strategy for assessing and monitoring water availability and migratory birds for terminal lakes across the Great Basin, United States","docAbstract":"In 2022, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established the Saline Lake Ecosystems Integrated Water Availability Assessment (IWAAs) to monitor and assess the hydrology of terminal lakes in the Great Basin and the migratory birds and other wildlife dependent on those habitats. Scientists from across the USGS (with specialties in water quantity, water quality, limnology, avian biology, data science, landscape ecology, and science communication) formed the Saline Lake Ecosystems IWAAs Team. The team has developed this regional strategic science plan to guide data collection and assessment activities at terminal lakes in the Great Basin.
The U.S. Congress requested the USGS to establish the Saline Lake Ecosystems IWAAs in response to historically low water levels at terminal lakes and associated wetlands across the Great Basin. Not all Great Basin terminal lakes have high salinity; however, all terminal lakes occur in endorheic, closed, basins with no surface-water outflow. Low lake levels across the Great Basin are the result of increased water use for agriculture and municipalities, drought conditions, and a warming climate. Great Basin terminal lake water extents have decreased by as much as 90 percent over the last 150 years, and terminal lake wetlands have decreased in area by as much as 47 percent since 1984. Lake elevations and wetland areas are primarily supported by freshwater inputs from snowmelt feeding upgradient rivers, streams, and springs. These freshwater inputs have been severely reduced because of continued and increased surface-water diversions and surface-water capture through groundwater pumping for agriculture, mining, and public supply as well as unprecedented drought conditions and warming temperatures related to climate change.
Water quality, specifically salinity, is highly variable for terminal lakes of the Great Basin, and this variability is a result of the balance between freshwater inflow and evaporation. Variability of salinity at each of the terminal lakes can be affected by lake morphology, hydrogeologic features of the basin, annual variability in weather patterns, and changes in upgradient water use. Hypersaline terminal lakes provide abundant food resources such as brine shrimp and brine flies that support nesting and migrating birds. The density and composition of invertebrates are closely tied to lake salinity. Increased salinity can exceed the tolerance of invertebrates, severely limiting their biomass. In contrast, decreased salinity can lead to altered invertebrate community composition, reducing the abundance of optimal avian prey resources.
Great Basin terminal lake ecosystems, including open-water and adjacent aquatic and terrestrial environments, provide resources necessary to sustain many animal populations throughout the year. Although a variety of taxa use terminal lakes, these ecosystems are of acute importance for the millions of migratory waterbirds (for example, shorebirds, wading birds, and waterfowl) dependent on the network of terminal lakes and their associated wetlands. Migratory birds transiting the Pacific and Central Flyways use Great Basin terminal lake ecosystems throughout the year to feed, nest, and transit between wintering and breeding ranges. As such, successful conservation of birds and their habitats requires coordinated management of water and habitats across the Great Basin network of terminal lakes and wetlands.
The linkages between water availability and ecosystem vulnerability of terminal lakes in the Great Basin are not well understood. The vulnerability of terminal lakes is related to the factors driving change and adaptive capacity of the lake ecosystem. Saline lake ecosystems are vulnerable when changes in water quantity affect ecosystem function. Water quantity affects salinity, which affects food webs and habitat; these linkages can be investigated with water-quality and food web monitoring. Water quantity also affects inundated habitat, which can be quantified through remote sensing. It is necessary to quantify hydroclimatic and water use controls on water availability to terminal lakes to assess the response of the ecosystems. Remotely sensed data can provide a broad-scale and long-term synoptic view of terminal lake hydrologic characteristics, but ground observations are required to interpret changes in water quality and ecological functions. Some terminal lake basins have ongoing monitoring and modeling efforts within the Great Basin (for example, Great Salt Lake, Carson River Basin), yet most monitoring locations are hydrologically upgradient and too far away from lake inflows to provide an accurate assessment of hydrological trends for the lake ecosystems. Other terminal lakes have no long-term hydrological monitoring in their respective watersheds (for example, Lake Abert).
Ecological data collection in the Great Basin is also insufficient to understand how many birds exist on the landscape, how birds use the mosaic of terminal-lake habitats as an interconnected system, and how Great Basin terminal lakes are linked to the larger continental system of the Pacific and Central Flyways. Across agencies and organizations, tracking bird movement, abundance, and diversity is inconsistent, with some lakes having once- or twice-a-year bird survey efforts and a few locations having more intensive ecological data-gathering efforts (for example, Great Salt Lake, Lake Abert). Bridging hydrological and ecological information gaps will improve understanding of the trends in water supply and water quality, habitat availability and usage, and impacts on vulnerable waterbird species, all of which would be used by managers in coordinated conservation of this unique network of terminal-lake habitats.
The terminal lakes of the Great Basin are part of the Basin and Range physiographic province that extends from the Colorado Plateau on the east to the Sierra Nevada on the west, and from the Snake River Plain on the north to the Garlock fault and the Mojave block on the south. The Great Basin is larger than 650,000 square kilometers and encompasses most of the State of Nevada but also extends to western Utah, eastern California, southeastern Idaho, southwestern Wyoming, and southeastern Oregon. The climate is arid to semiarid with a hydrologic regime that is snowmelt dominated, providing as much as 75 percent of total annual runoff for the region. Terminal lakes of the Great Basin occupy the lowest areas of closed (endorheic) drainage basins, such that lake levels and water quality respond rapidly to surface-water inflow. Terminal lakes provide local and regional economic value to the States in the Great Basin, including mineral extraction, aquaculture, public works, and recreational uses. As an example, assessments of Great Salt Lake’s ecological health and economic impact find hemispheric importance for the former and regional importance for the latter. Great Salt Lake creates about 7,000 jobs and $2 billion of economic output per year, most of which would be lost with further declines in lake level.
The objectives of this Science Strategy are threefold: (1) to identify how changing water availability affects the quality, diversity, and abundance of habitats supporting continental waterbird populations; (2) to highlight the scientific monitoring and assessment needs of Great Basin terminal lakes; and (3) to support coordinated management and conservation actions to benefit those ecosystems, migratory birds, and other wildlife. There are long-term hydrological, ecological, and societal challenges associated with terminal lakes ecosystems in the Great Basin. This Science Strategy benefits partners by providing a conceptual model, nested at different spatial extents, that identifies key scientific information needs to inform coordinated implementation of management and conservation plans within and among hydrologic basins to address these complex challenges.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1516","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Frus, R.J., Aldridge, C.L., Casazza, M.L., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Herring, G., Hynek, S.A., Jones, D.K., Kemp, S.K., Marston, T.M., Morris, C.M., Naranjo, R.C., Nell, C.S., O’Leary, D.R., Overton, C.T., Pulver, B.A., Reichert, B.E., Rumsey, C.A., Schuster, R., and Smith, C.D., 2023, Integrated science strategy for assessing and monitoring water availability and migratory birds for terminal lakes across the Great Basin, United States (ver. 1.1, May 2025): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1516, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1516.","productDescription":"Report: v, 68 p.; 2 Data Releases","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-150954","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493768,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115888.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":486001,"rank":5,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1516/versionHistory.txt","size":"2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Version history"},{"id":423645,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q9LQ4B","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Protected areas database of the United States (PAD-US) 3.0"},{"id":423641,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1516/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":423642,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1516/cir1516.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Circular 1516"},{"id":423644,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9G5CGA7","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Bibliography of hydrological and ecological research in the Great Basin terminal lakes, USA"},{"id":423646,"rank":6,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1516/images"},{"id":423647,"rank":7,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1516/cir1516.XML"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.12391771230867,\n 44.77405073422017\n ],\n [\n -121.23711112053633,\n 42.97675607274502\n ],\n [\n -120.58454292500758,\n 41.114625765489706\n ],\n [\n -120.53050233969739,\n 39.38852576977999\n ],\n [\n -121.00002831582353,\n 38.53773263098702\n ],\n [\n -116.23219239369243,\n 34.14172761189964\n ],\n [\n -115.35960273905562,\n 33.921557217133085\n ],\n [\n -115.48689980188553,\n 34.74795954290249\n ],\n [\n -116.28333189096784,\n 36.47975443280677\n ],\n [\n -115.18568355055748,\n 36.991906804073\n ],\n [\n -114.24156554808329,\n 36.95599163233307\n ],\n [\n -113.37134736473482,\n 37.12638077251309\n ],\n [\n -110.81542598426338,\n 37.47470809636182\n ],\n [\n -109.75571598007943,\n 37.95141366251099\n ],\n [\n -109.25899321449629,\n 41.77121949987571\n ],\n [\n -109.56993210264781,\n 42.456264038882864\n ],\n [\n -111.91699262765405,\n 42.330119018284336\n ],\n [\n -115.47461542510021,\n 41.37630387146504\n ],\n [\n -117.71290028552804,\n 42.12092395037371\n ],\n [\n -119.12391771230867,\n 44.77405073422017\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: December 23, 2023; Version 1.1: April 2025","contact":"Director, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
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777 NW 9th Street, Suite 400
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Director, Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 West Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119-2047