{"pageNumber":"232","pageRowStart":"5775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":6232,"records":[{"id":26517,"text":"wri77127 - 1978 - Low-flow frequency of Georgia streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T15:37:36","indexId":"wri77127","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-127","displayTitle":"Low-Flow Frequency of Georgia Streams","title":"Low-flow frequency of Georgia streams","docAbstract":"<p>This report contains analyses of low-flow data and tabulations of computed low-flow frequency for all stream sites in Georgia where suitable flow records have been collected. These include 134 continuous-record gaging stations and 102 partial-record gaging stations. Frequency records for gaging stations with short records have been adjusted where possible to more closely represent results that would have been obtained from longer records.</p><p>Variations in time and place of low-flow characteristics, per unit of drainage area, are demonstrated. Low flows for 7 consecutive days with a 10-year recurrence interval vary from 0 to more than 1.0 cubic feet per second per square mile [(ft<sup>3</sup>/s)/mi<sup>2</sup>]. In the Blue Ridge province in the northern part of the State, unit low flows range from 0.3 to 0.8 (ft<sup>3</sup>/s)/mi<sup>2</sup>; in the Valley and Ridge province in the northwest they range from 0.05 to 0.04 (ft<sup>3</sup>/s)/mi<sup>2</sup>; and in the Piedmont province they range from 0.1 to 1.1 (ft<sup>3</sup>/s)/mi<sup>2</sup>.</p><p>There is a contrast in unit rates of low flow between the upper zone of the Coastal Plain where most flows are high, and the lower zone where most flows are low. Flows in the upper zone are in the range of 0.1 to 1.1 (ft <sup>3</sup>/s)/mi<sup>2</sup>, but in the lower zone only the largest streams have appreciable flow during low-flow periods. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri77127","usgsCitation":"Carter, R., and Putnam, S., 1978, Low-flow frequency of Georgia streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-127, xi, 104 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri77127.","productDescription":"xi, 104 p.","numberOfPages":"119","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364428,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0127/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 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 \"}}]}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_ga@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_ga@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/sa-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/sa-water\">South Atlantic Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1770 Corporate Dr #500<br>Norcross, GA 30093</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Data compilation and analysis</li><li>Regional characteristics</li><li>Applications of low-flow frequency data</li><li>Presentation of low-flow characteristics of streams</li><li>Supplementary data</li><li>Selected references</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648766","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, R.F.","contributorId":101261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Putnam, S.A.","contributorId":12891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":11435,"text":"ofr78413 - 1978 - Hydrologic data for the Copper Basin area, a potential mining area in Yavapai County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-15T21:42:15.73389","indexId":"ofr78413","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-413","title":"Hydrologic data for the Copper Basin area, a potential mining area in Yavapai County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>Large low-grade ore bodies have been discovered in Copper Basin, and a large copper-mining operation is anticipated in the near future. Hydrologic data are being collected to provide the data base necessary to determine the effects of a potential mining operation on the water resources of the area. The area of potential depletion or contamination of water supplies is the 50-square-mile alluvial slope downgradient from Copper Basin. In the Copper Basin area the streams generally are dry, except for the perennial flow in a 3-mile-long reach of Kirkland Creek, where the base flow ranges from about 1 to 3 cubic feet per second.</p><p>The water in the alluvium, which is more than 1,000 feet thick in places, generally is under unconfined conditions. The direction of ground-water movement is generally southwesterly toward Skull Valley Wash and Kirkland Creek. The depth to water in wells ranges from less than 10 to 675 feet below the land surface. Near the center of the area, test wells penetrate a clay confining bed at the base of the alluvium and an underlying sequence of volcanic rocks, which is more than 1,000 feet thick and contains water under confined conditions.</p><p>Pump tests indicate that the confining bed forms a barrier between the water in the alluvium and the water in the volcanic rocks and that, initially, pumping from the volcanic rocks would not affect the water level in the alluvium. The areal extent of the volcanic sequence is not known.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78413","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Water Commission","usgsCitation":"Thomsen, B.W., and Stulik, R., 1978, Hydrologic data for the Copper Basin area, a potential mining area in Yavapai County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-413, Report: vi, 51 p.; 1 Plate: 34.88 x 45.93 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78413.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 51 p.; 1 Plate: 34.88 x 45.93 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413108,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0413/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144159,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0413/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":413107,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0413/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Yavapai County","otherGeospatial":"Copper Basin 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B. W.","contributorId":39768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomsen","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stulik, R.S.","contributorId":51749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stulik","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":18231,"text":"ofr78879 - 1978 - Ages of flow units in the far eastern lunar maria based on crater density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-24T18:20:12.590485","indexId":"ofr78879","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-879","title":"Ages of flow units in the far eastern lunar maria based on crater density","docAbstract":"<p>The distribution of major geologic units of uniform relative age exposed in the far eastern maria (i.e., Mare Marginis, Mare Smythii, and Mare Crisium) and Mare Humorum was compiled in map form on the basis of a crater density mapping technique. Correlation of crater densities and radiometric ages of Apollo landing sites provide estimates of the absolute age for the units. Results indicate that the far eastern maria were emplaced over a period of approximately 1.25 b.y., from about 3.75 b.y. to 2.5 b.y. before present. Extensive young mare units (~ 2.5 <span>±</span> 0.5 b.y.) occur in all three large far eastern maria. Major old units (~ 3.65 <span>±</span> 0.05 b.y.) occur in central Mare Crisium and eastern Mare Marginis. Correlation of the age data and remote sensing data suggests that: (1) both young and old units have relatively high Mg/A1 ratios and are relatively rich in Fe and Ti, whereas intermediate age units have lower Mg/Al ratios and less Fe and Ti. A similar relationship previously noted for other maria suggests that this applied throughout the lunar maria; (2) older units generally have higher remnant magnetism than younger units - a relationship also previously noted for other lunar maria and attributed to a steady decline of a primodial lunar magnetic field, and (3) all age units in the eastern maria have relatively low natural radioactivity or abundances of Th, K, and U compared to the western maria (particularly in the Mare Imbrium area). The presence of young lava flows in both the eastern and western maria suggests that the relative abundance of these radioactive elements has played only a minor role in controlling the duration and location of mare volcanism.</p><p>The crater-density relative age data presented here correlate in a linear fashion with crater-morphology relative age data. A combination of these data provides a nearly complete map of the distribution of units of uniform relative age of the lunar maria and shows that, as previously suggested, the older units (&gt; 3.5 b.y. old) are generally located along the basin edges and the younger units (&lt; 3.5 b.y. old) are generally in the basin centers. However, this map also shows that the vents for the flows of the young units must be located on the edges of the basins. These observations support tectonic models of basin subsidence caused by isostatic adjustment to the weight of the lava and to subsurface evacuation and subsequent collapse as the lavas were erupted.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78879","usgsCitation":"Boyce, J.M., 1978, Ages of flow units in the far eastern lunar maria based on crater density: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-879, ii, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78879.","productDescription":"ii, 55 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422905,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0879/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0879/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6891f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyce, Joseph M.","contributorId":52963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18203,"text":"ofr78239 - 1978 - Water-resources investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey in Wyoming, fiscal year 1978","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-09T10:18:08","indexId":"ofr78239","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-239","title":"Water-resources investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey in Wyoming, fiscal year 1978","docAbstract":"<p>This report contains lists of streamflow and reservoir stations, peak-flow partial-record stations, chemical-quality stations, sediment stations, and observation wells where water levels are measured in Wyoming. The locations of the basic-data sites are shown on maps. Thirty-two water-resources appraisal projects in Wyoming are also described, including many that are related to the development of energy resources. The general locations of the projects are shown on maps. The report serves as an annual progress report to cooperators and the public.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Cheyenne, WY","doi":"10.3133/ofr78239","usgsCitation":"Boner, F.C., 1978, Water-resources investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey in Wyoming, fiscal year 1978: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-239, v, 106 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78239.","productDescription":"v, 106 p.","numberOfPages":"112","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":47568,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0239/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0239/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9c1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boner, F. C.","contributorId":32136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boner","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8723,"text":"ofr78811 - 1978 - Selected low-flow characteristics of streams in the vicinity of Warwick, Orange County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-12T21:44:55.403249","indexId":"ofr78811","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-811","title":"Selected low-flow characteristics of streams in the vicinity of Warwick, Orange County, New York","docAbstract":"<p>Base flows were measured during 1971-76 at 10 partial-record sites and three continuous-record stations on major streams in and bordering the Town of Warwick. Discharge measurements at the partial-record sites were correlated with records from three suitable continuous-record gaging stations near the town to determine 7-day, 2-year low flows and 7-day, 10-year low flows. Measurement-site descriptions are included. The information presented provides a data base that planners and managers can use in making water-management decisions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78811","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Town of Warwick","usgsCitation":"Eissler, B.B., 1978, Selected low-flow characteristics of streams in the vicinity of Warwick, Orange County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-811, ii, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78811.","productDescription":"ii, 21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420747,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0811/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0811/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Orange County","city":"Warwick","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.40317346376985,\n              41.276009317207354\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.40317346376985,\n              41.22899934354564\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.31350277830987,\n              41.22899934354564\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.31350277830987,\n              41.276009317207354\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.40317346376985,\n              41.276009317207354\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a03e4b07f02db5f8407","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eissler, Benjamin B.","contributorId":77527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eissler","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8681,"text":"ofr78933 - 1978 - Proceedings of Conference V: communicating earthquake hazard reduction information: convened under auspices of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program 22-24 May, 1978","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-25T10:18:25","indexId":"ofr78933","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-933","title":"Proceedings of Conference V: communicating earthquake hazard reduction information: convened under auspices of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program 22-24 May, 1978","docAbstract":"<p>Under the Earthquake Hazard Reduction Act of 1977, the federal government is significantly increasing its effort \"to reduce the risk of life and property from future earthquakes in the United States through the establishment and maintenance of an effective earthquake hazards reduction program\". This prgoram is sponsored primarily by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Science Foundation and includes research by geologists, geophysicists, seismologists, engineers, sociologists, educators, and public policy experts.</p>\n<br>\n<p>In the USGS program, there is a strong emphsis on effective communication of the results of research to a wide community of decision makers and users. This action is the key to implementation at all levels in federal, state, and local government, in the private sector, and on an individual basis.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey convened a workshop involving approximately 65 people on May 22-24, 1978 in Denver, Colorado, to examine the communication problem. The purpose of the workshop was to evaluate critically the information-flow process for a number of past experiences, including:</p>\n<p>(1) land use planning in Portola Valley, California,</p>\n<p>(2) the seismic safety element, Santa Clara County, California</p>\n<p>(3) earthquake preparedness, Puget Sound, Washington area,</p>\n<p>(4) mitigation of geological hazards in Colorado,</p>\n<p>(5) earthquake planning in the Mississippi-Arkansas-Tennessee area,</p>\n<p>(6) water resource and land use planning in the northeast United States,</p>\n<p>(7) acquiring and disseminating scientific and engineering information following an earthquake,</p>\n<p>(8) development, use, and review of geologic and seismological data fro sitting of nuclear power plants,</p>\n<p>(9) development and use of building codes that incorporate earthquake provisions,</p>\n<p>(10) use of research products produced in the HUD/USGS San Francisco Bay region study, and\n<p>(11) achieving landslide hazard reduction.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The objective was to identify the most significant lessons learned during the course of each experience and to develop recommendations for improving communication that might be incorporated in the search program of the USGS.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr78933","usgsCitation":"Hays, W., 1978, Proceedings of Conference V: communicating earthquake hazard reduction information: convened under auspices of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program 22-24 May, 1978: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-933, 426 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78933.","productDescription":"426 p.","numberOfPages":"444","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286623,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286622,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0933/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db66089d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hays, Walter W.","contributorId":66669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"Walter W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26729,"text":"wri7828 - 1978 - Hydrologic analysis of the U.S. Bureau of Mines' underground oil-shale research-facility site, Piceance Creek Basin, Rio Blanco County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T22:32:57.591045","indexId":"wri7828","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-28","title":"Hydrologic analysis of the U.S. Bureau of Mines' underground oil-shale research-facility site, Piceance Creek Basin, Rio Blanco County, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Bureau of Mines plans to develop an underground oil-shale research facility near the center of Piceance Creek basin in Colorado. The oil-shale zone, which is to be penetrated by a shaft, is overlain by 1,400 feet of sedimentary rocks, primarily sandstone and marlstone, consisting of two aquifers separated by a confining layer. Three test holes were drilled by the U.S. Bureau of Mines to obtain samples of the oil shale, and to test the hydraulic properties of the two aquifers. The data collected during construction of the test holes were used to update an existing ground-water-flow computer model. The model was used to estimate the maximum amount of water that would have to be pumped to dewater the shaft during its construction. It is estimated that it would be necessary to pump as much as 3,080 gallons per minute to keep the shaft dry. Disposal of waste water and rock are the principal hydrologic problems associated with constructing the shaft. (Woodard-</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7828","usgsCitation":"Dale, R.H., and Weeks, J., 1978, Hydrologic analysis of the U.S. Bureau of Mines' underground oil-shale research-facility site, Piceance Creek Basin, Rio Blanco County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-28, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7828.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411816,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35240.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0028/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122967,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0028/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Rio Blanco County","city":"Piceance Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.333,\n              39.939\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.333,\n              39.906\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.292,\n              39.906\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.292,\n              39.939\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.333,\n              39.939\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a889a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dale, R. H.","contributorId":98711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dale","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weeks, John B.","contributorId":36123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":8485,"text":"ofr78950 - 1978 - Agricultural land use and water quality in the upper St. Joseph River basin, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-22T12:57:39","indexId":"ofr78950","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-950","title":"Agricultural land use and water quality in the upper St. Joseph River basin, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>Land use in the upper St. Joseph River basin of south-central Michigan is primarily agricultural. In the 144-square-mile area, the chemical and physical characteristics of water are determined by the climate and soils, as well as by land conservation practices. Municipal waste discharges affect water quality at some locations, as do the larger lakes and ponds. Data indicate that mean discharge from the basin is 135 cubic feet per second. About half this flow is contributed to the St. Joseph River by three major tributaries: Beebe Creek (36 cubic feet per second); Sand Creek (24 cubic feet per second); and Soap Creek (13 cubic feet per second). Runoff from 21 drainage areas delineated for the investigation ranged from 0.22 to 4.07 cubic feet per second per square mile; both the higher and lower values are largely the result of naturally occurring inter- and intrabasin transfers of water.</p><p>Suspended-sediment concentrations are low throughout the basin, rarely exceeding 100 milligrams per liter. Mean concentrations at four daily sampling stations on the major tributaries and on the St. Joseph River ranged from 9.7 milligrams per liter to 38 milligrams per liter. The maximum sediment yield was 182 pounds per acre per year. Deposition of sediment in five of the 21 areas resulted in a net loss of sediment transported, and thus “negative” yields.</p><p>Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations do not vary greatly from site to site. Mean concentrations of total nitrogen at downstream sites on Beebe, Sand, and Soap Creeks, and on the St. Joseph River ranged from 1.5 to 1.8 milligrams per liter. About 90 percent of all nitrogen, and 66 percent of all phosphorus, is transported in solution. Land used principally for agriculture has a mean total nitrogen yield of 4.9 pounds per acre per year and a mean total phosphorus yield of 0.13 pounds per year. A comparison of total nitrogen and total phosphorus yields with type of agricultural use showed few relationships; nitrogen yield, however, seems to decrease as the percentage of land in row crop and small grain increases. A relation between amount of fertilizer applied to land and the amount in streams could not be demonstrated.</p><p>Only about 6 percent of the total nitrogen and about 1 percent of the total phosphorus added to the land in animal wastes, in precipitation, and applied as fertilizer, is transported from the basin by the St. Joseph River at Clarendon. Estimates also suggest that almost three times as much nitrogen, and twice as much phosphorus, fall in precipitation on the basin as is transported from the basin by runoff. In general, land conservation practices of the past seem to have been effective in minimizing erosion and leaching of soils in the basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/ofr78950","usgsCitation":"Cummings, T.R., 1978, Agricultural land use and water quality in the upper St. Joseph River basin, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-950, xiv, 160 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78950.","productDescription":"xiv, 160 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":141643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":961,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr78-950/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Upper St. Joseph River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689043","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cummings, T. Ray","contributorId":20722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":55273,"text":"wdrKS771 - 1978 - Water resources data for Kansas, water year 1977","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T15:18:58","indexId":"wdrKS771","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"KS-77-1","title":"Water resources data for Kansas, water year 1977","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1977 water year for Kansas consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality in wells. This report contains discharge records for 149 gaging stations; stage and contents for 20 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 77 gaging stations and 2 lakes; and water levels for 463 observation wells and water quality for 269 wells. Also included are data for 132 crest-stage partial-record stations and 23 low-flow partial-record stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Kansas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrKS771","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Water resources data for Kansas, water year 1977: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report KS-77-1, x, 618 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrKS771.","productDescription":"x, 618 p.","numberOfPages":"627","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359196,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1977/ks-77-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":181209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1977/ks-77-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":68275,"text":"ha612 - 1978 - Water resources of the Kodiak-Shelikof subregion, south-central Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9712,"text":"ofr78127 - 1978 - Water resources of the Kodiak-Shelikof subregion, south-central Alaska","indexId":"ofr78127","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Water resources of the Kodiak-Shelikof subregion, south-central Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":68275,"text":"ha612 - 1978 - Water resources of the Kodiak-Shelikof subregion, south-central Alaska","indexId":"ha612","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Water resources of the Kodiak-Shelikof subregion, south-central Alaska"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-17T20:49:19.59126","indexId":"ha612","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"612","title":"Water resources of the Kodiak-Shelikof subregion, south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrologic data for the Kodiak-Shelikof subregion of south-central Alaska are summarized to provide a basis for planning water resources development, identifying water problems and evaluating existing water quality and availability. Average annual precipitation, measured at a few coastal locations in this maritime climatic zone, ranges from 23 to 127 inches. Mean annual runoff for the Kodiak Island group ranges from 4 to 8 cfs/sq mi. A maximum instantaneous runoff of 457 cfs/sq mi has been determined from a small basin on Kodiak Island. Lowest measured stream discharges range from no flow to 0.91 cfs/sq mi. Surface water is the primary source of water supplies for the city of Kodiak and other communities. The geology of the subregion is characterized by metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks with only a thin mantle of unconsolidated material. A few small, alluvium-filled coastal valleys offer the most favorable conditions for ground-water development, but moderate yields (50-100 gal/min) have been obtained from wells in fractured bedrock. Water in streams and lakes generally has a dissolved-solids concentration less than 60 mg/L, and the water varies from a calcium-bicarbonate type to a sodium-chloride type. The chemical composition of ground waters has a dilute calcium-bicarbonate type in unconsolidated materials and a sodium-bicarbonate type in bedrock. The dissolved solids in the groundwater ranges from 170 to 250 mg/L.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha612","usgsCitation":"Jones, S.H., Madison, R.J., and Zenone, C., 1978, Water resources of the Kodiak-Shelikof subregion, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 612, 2 Plates: 45.59 x 35.20 inches and 45.81 x 35.39 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha612.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 45.59 x 35.20 inches and 45.81 x 35.39 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188558,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414363,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16008.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":89681,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/612/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89680,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/612/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kodiak-Shelikof subregion","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -159.667,\n              59\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.667,\n              55.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -152,\n              55.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -152,\n              59\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.667,\n              59\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697300","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Stanley H.","contributorId":98729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madison, R. J.","contributorId":84734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madison","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zenone, Chester","contributorId":8094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zenone","given":"Chester","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":7701,"text":"ofr78938 - 1978 - Reconnaissance evaluation of water resources for hydraulic coal mining, Crested Butte coal field, Gunnison County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-28T23:19:06.278963","indexId":"ofr78938","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-938","title":"Reconnaissance evaluation of water resources for hydraulic coal mining, Crested Butte coal field, Gunnison County, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Available surface-water and ground-water data were compiled for the parts of the Gunnison River basin in and adjacent to the Crested Butte coal field. The data were evaluated to assess the quantity and quality of water resources in the area for use in hydraulic coal mining.</p><p>Based on discharge records, surface-water supplies of most streams should be adequate to meet the demands for hydraulic mining of 1 million tons of coal per year with a recycled water system. However, on some of the smaller streams in the area, some storage of water may be required for use during low-flow periods to meet minimum-flow requirements for downstream reaches. Ground water from alluvium along major streams and rivers and, in certain parts of the study area, from the Dakota and Entrada Sandstones, is also a potential source of water for hydraulic coal mining.</p><p>The surface and ground water in the study area should be of adequate quality for use in hydraulic coal mining, with the possible exception of Coal Creek which has excessive concentrations of iron, manganese, and zinc. Data are insufficient to assess the potential impact of hydraulic coal mining on downstream water quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78938","usgsCitation":"Alley, W., Britton, L.J., and Boyd, E.L., 1978, Reconnaissance evaluation of water resources for hydraulic coal mining, Crested Butte coal field, Gunnison County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-938, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78938.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141375,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0938/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":413502,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0938/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Gunnison County","otherGeospatial":"Crested Butte coal field","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.08333333333333,38.86666666666667 ], [ -107.08333333333333,38.916666666666664 ], [ -107,38.916666666666664 ], [ -107,38.86666666666667 ], [ -107.08333333333333,38.86666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644596","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alley, William M.","contributorId":93030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"William M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Britton, Linda J.","contributorId":72780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britton","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyd, Elaine L.","contributorId":103277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Elaine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":56278,"text":"wdrWA772 - 1978 - Water resources data for Washington, water year 1977, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T18:25:59.659692","indexId":"wdrWA772","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"WA-77-2","title":"Water resources data for Washington, water year 1977, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1977 water year for Washington consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water-quality of ground water. This report, in two volumes, contains discharge records for 258 gaging stations; stage only records for 4 gaging stations; stage and contents for 44 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 162 gaging stations, 7 lakes, 50 wells and 71 miscellaneous sites; and water levels for 173 observation wells. Also included are 146 crest-stage partial-record stations and 19 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not involved in the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Washington.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrWA772","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Washington and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Water resources data for Washington, water year 1977, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report WA-77-2, xi, 419 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrWA772.","productDescription":"xi, 419 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174643,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1977/wa-77-2/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":410998,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1977/wa-77-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f176f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4699,"text":"twri07C2 - 1978 - Computer model of two-dimensional solute transport and dispersion in ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:31","indexId":"twri07C2","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"07-C2","title":"Computer model of two-dimensional solute transport and dispersion in ground water","docAbstract":"This report presents a model that simulates solute transport in flowing ground water. The model is both general and flexible in that it can be applied to a wide range of problem types. It is applicable to one- or two-dimensional problems involving steady-state or transient flow. The model computes changes in concentration over time caused by the processes of convective transport, hydrodynamic dispersion, and mixing (or dilution) from fluid sources. The model assumes that the solute is non-reactive and that gradients of fluid density, viscosity, and temperature do not affect the velocity distribution. However, the aquifer may be heterogeneous and (or) anisotropic.\r\nThe model couples the ground-water flow equation with the solute-transport equation. The digital computer program uses an alternating-direction implicit procedure to solve a finite-difference approximation to the ground-water flow equation, and it uses the method of characteristics to solve the solute-transport equation. The latter uses a particle- tracking procedure to represent convective transport and a two-step explicit procedure to solve a finite-difference equation that describes the effects of hydrodynamic dispersion, fluid sources and sinks, and divergence of velocity. This explicit procedure has several stability criteria, but the consequent time-step limitations are automatically determined by the program.\r\nThe report includes a listing of the computer program, which is written in FORTRAN IV and contains about 2,000 lines. The model is based on a rectangular, block-centered, finite difference grid. It allows the specification of any number of injection or withdrawal wells and of spatially varying diffuse recharge or discharge, saturated thickness, transmissivity, boundary conditions, and initial heads and concentrations. The program also permits the designation of up to five nodes as observation points, for which a summary table of head and concentration versus time is printed at the end of the calculations. The data input formats for the model require three data cards and from seven to nine data sets to describe the aquifer properties, boundaries, and stresses.\r\nThe accuracy of the model was evaluated for two idealized problems for which analytical solutions could be obtained. In the case of one-dimensional flow the agreement was nearly exact, but in the case of plane radial flow a small amount of numerical dispersion occurred. An analysis of several test problems indicates that the error in the mass balance will be generally less than 10 percent. The test problems demonstrated that the accuracy and precision of the numerical solution is sensitive to the initial number of particles placed in each cell and to the size of the time increment, as determined by the stability criteria. Mass balance errors are commonly the greatest during the first several time increments, but tend to decrease and stabilize with time.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/twri07C2","issn":"0565-596X","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., and Bredehoeft, J., 1978, Computer model of two-dimensional solute transport and dispersion in ground water: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 07-C2, vi, 90 p. :ill. ; 26 cm. Reprinted in 1984., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri07C2.","productDescription":"vi, 90 p. :ill. ; 26 cm. Reprinted in 1984.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri7c2/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7ef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":149640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bredehoeft, J.D.","contributorId":12836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bredehoeft","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":56425,"text":"wdrMI771 - 1978 - Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1977","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-10T14:33:24","indexId":"wdrMI771","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MI-77-1","title":"Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1977","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1977 water year for Michigan consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water temperature of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 195 gaging stations; stage only records for 1 gaging station; stage and contents for 5 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 77 continuous-record stations, 21 partial-record stations and 7 lakes; and water levels for 45 observation wells. Also included are 88 crest-stage partial-record stations and 31 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Michigan.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMI771","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1977: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MI-77-1, x, 548 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMI771.","productDescription":"x, 548 p.","numberOfPages":"562","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344728,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1977/mi-77-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":185000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1977/mi-77-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":27264,"text":"wri77118 - 1978 - Low-flow characteristics of streams in the lower Wisconsin River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-21T10:17:59","indexId":"wri77118","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-118","title":"Low-flow characteristics of streams in the lower Wisconsin River basin","docAbstract":"<p>Low-flow characteristics of streams in the lower Wisconsin River basin are presented. Included are estimates of low-flow frequency and flow duration at 11 gaging stations; low-flow frequency characteristics at 26 low-flow partial-record stations and 70 miscellaneous sites; and a list of low-flow discharge measurements at 155 miscellaneous sites where insufficient data were available to estimate low-flow characteristics.</p>\n<p>Relations are provided to estimate low-flow characteristics at ungaged sites and at sites where one base-flow discharge measurement is available. The relationships were determined from multiple regression analyses that related the low-flow characteristics at gaging stations and low-flow partial-record stations to basin characteristics.</p>\n<p>The standard error of estimate is provided for each method of estimating the annual minimum 7-day mean flow below which the flow will fall on the average of once in 2 years and once in 10 years. Standard error provides the user with the expected degree of accuracy for each method.</p>\n<p>Low-flow characteristics estimated for the lower Wisconsin River basin have a high degree of reliability when compared with other basins in Wisconsin, Reliable estimates appear to be related to the relatively uniform geologic features in the basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri77118","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Gebert, W., 1978, Low-flow characteristics of streams in the lower Wisconsin River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-118, Report: iv, 80 p.; 2 Plates: 17.00 x 11.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri77118.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 80 p.; 2 Plates: 17.00 x 11.25 inches","numberOfPages":"86","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0118/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56142,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0118/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56143,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0118/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56144,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0118/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Baraboo, Portage, Richland Center","otherGeospatial":"Wisconsin River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.03271484375,\n              42.79540065303723\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.03271484375,\n              43.75125720420175\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40673828125,\n              43.75125720420175\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40673828125,\n              42.79540065303723\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.03271484375,\n              42.79540065303723\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648706","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gebert, W.A.","contributorId":71555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28076,"text":"wri782 - 1978 - Interim report on streamflow, sediment discharge, and water quality in the Calabazas Creek Basin, Santa Clara County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-15T10:11:50","indexId":"wri782","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-2","title":"Interim report on streamflow, sediment discharge, and water quality in the Calabazas Creek Basin, Santa Clara County, California","docAbstract":"Streamflow, sediment-discharge, and water-quality data are being collected in the Calabazas Creek basin, Santa Clara County, Calif., to determine annual water and sediment discharge at base-line conditions that are representative of a basin prior to urbanization. Results of the first 3 years of the study (1973-75) are given in this report. Climatic conditions during this period were representative of a very wet year (1973) and 2 years of above-average rainfall (1974 and 1975). Daily water and sediment discharge were monitored at three primary stations, and periodic measurements were made at five secondary stations during selected storms. Most of the total annual sediment discharge at each station was transported during a few days each year. Maximum daily sediment discharge in a given year ranged from 23 to 62 percent of the annual total. Daily water discharge at the gaging station Calabazas Creek at Rainbow Drive, near Cupertino, ranged from no flow to 3.31 cubic meters per second. Streamflow at this location was significantly augmented during low flow by diversion of water from the South Bay Aqueduct. Annual sediment discharge at Calabazas Creek at Rainbow Drive was 4,900 t in 1974 and 9,570 t in 1975. A large quantity of sediment was trapped in a debris basin at Comer Drive upstream from this station during both years. If this sediment had not been trapped, sediment discharge at the station would have been about 35 percent greater in 1974 and 30 percent greater in 1975. Most of the trapped sediment consists of sand and gravel that would probably have been deposited in the Calabazas Creek channel downstream from the station. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri782","usgsCitation":"Knott, J.M., Pederson, G., and Middelburg, R.F., 1978, Interim report on streamflow, sediment discharge, and water quality in the Calabazas Creek Basin, Santa Clara County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-2, v, 41 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri782.","productDescription":"v, 41 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365504,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0002/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0002/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Clara County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.07733154296875,\n              37.05188914776302\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.47171020507811,\n              37.05188914776302\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.47171020507811,\n              37.41052799460727\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.07733154296875,\n              37.41052799460727\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.07733154296875,\n              37.05188914776302\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db6877c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knott, J. M.","contributorId":77909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pederson, G.L.","contributorId":90781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Middelburg, Robert F.","contributorId":35360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middelburg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":10508,"text":"ofr78947 - 1978 - Sediment transport by irrigation return flows on the Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington 1975 and 1976 irrigation seasons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T12:31:16","indexId":"ofr78947","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-947","title":"Sediment transport by irrigation return flows on the Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington 1975 and 1976 irrigation seasons","docAbstract":"<p>As determined from data collected at 10 sites on the Yakima Indian Reservation during the 1975 and 1976 irrigation seasons (April-September), seasonal sediment discharges in irrigation return flows ranged from 11,000 tons from Marion Drain and Satus Drain 302, to 400 tons from Coulee Drain. There was little variation between the sediment discharges of the 1975 and 1976 irrigation seasons except those from Satus Drain 302. Due to the lack of natural runoff during those seasons, no distinction could be made between sediment discharges from irrigated and nonirrigated areas. No significant or usable relationships were found between suspended-sediment concentration and concurrent water turbidity or discharge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78947","usgsCitation":"Nelson, L.M., 1978, Sediment transport by irrigation return flows on the Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington 1975 and 1976 irrigation seasons: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-947, iv, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78947.","productDescription":"iv, 42 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":359568,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0947/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0947/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Yakima Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.36346435546874,\n              46.175075887712296\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.87869262695312,\n              46.175075887712296\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.87869262695312,\n              46.43407119942979\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.36346435546874,\n              46.43407119942979\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.36346435546874,\n              46.175075887712296\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbf05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Leonard M.","contributorId":96695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":10420,"text":"ofr78167 - 1978 - Evaluation and design of a streamflow-data network in Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-04T21:07:38.31274","indexId":"ofr78167","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-167","title":"Evaluation and design of a streamflow-data network in Washington","docAbstract":"<p>A method of evaluating the transferability of streamflow information by regional regression analysis was applied in Washington to several streamflow variables. The annual mean and annual standard deviation were chosen to represent the development potential of the water resource, while the mean, standard deviation, and the 50-year recurrence interval of the annual flood series were chosen to represent flood potential. Low-flow characteristics were not used because of the inability to model them by regression analysis. Ephemeral streams in the vicinity of the Columbia Plateau were ignored for the same reason.</p><p>The results of the study indicate that the standard errors of estimate of the regression relations were good approximations of the medians of the Bayesian distributions of estimates of inaccuracy and that for the streamflow variables used in the study, little if any improvement can be expected in the regression relations by the collection of additional streamflow data. Improved transferability of streamflow information for these variables has a prerequisite of more accurate information-transfer models.</p><p>It is therefore recommended that the future streamflow-data network contain only those streamflow stations needed to provide data for (1) the design or operation of water-resources projects, (2) the investigation and study of water resources, and (3) monitoring long-term trends in streamflow.<br><br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78167","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Washington Department of Ecology","usgsCitation":"Moss, M.E., and Haushild, W., 1978, Evaluation and design of a streamflow-data network in Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-167, Report: vii, 43 p.; 1 Plate: 25.15 x 18.30 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78167.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 43 p.; 1 Plate: 25.15 x 18.30 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,{"id":38702,"text":"pp813Q - 1978 - Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Missouri basin region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T21:56:38.395429","indexId":"pp813Q","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"813","chapter":"Q","title":"Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Missouri basin region","docAbstract":"<p>The Missouri Basin Region lies in the north-central part of the United States and southern Canada. It includes parts of Alberta and Saskatchewan in Canada; parts of Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Colorado, Kansas, and Missouri, and all of Nebraska in the United States. The region includes about one-sixth of the contiguous United States and requires large water supplies for irrigation, industrial, public, and rural uses. Climate ranges from semiarid to subhumid. Normal annual precipitation increases generally eastward in the downstream direction, but precipitation is not a dependable source of supply. The Missouri River and its tributaries furnish water to many users, but surface water is often inadequate to meet large demands. Numerous surface reservoirs help to regulate streamflow and provide storage, but they also allow an increase in evapotranspiration, which in some areas exceeds normal precipitation. Ground water occurs in aquifers classified as alluvial deposits of sand and gravel, glacial deposits, dune-sand deposits, basin-fill deposits of sand and gravel, sandstone, siltstone, fractured sandy clay, limestone, and dolomite. Ground water can be developed and managed in an orderly manner provided adequate geologic and hydrologic data are available to determine aquifer characteristics and response to pumping and other hydraulic stresses. These data and determinations are essential to design, testing, and implementation of water management plans.</p>\n<p>Unconsolidated and semiconsolidated aquifers include valley-fill alluvium, areally extensive alluvium, glacial deposits, and basin-fill deposits. The aquifers normally consist of alluvial sand and gravel that contain unconfined ground water that lies near the land surface. Many wells completed in the alluvial aquifers have high yields of good-quality water because most alluvial aquifers are highly transmissive and hydraulically connected to streams. Aquifers in glacial deposits may be difficult to locate and in some areas contain saline water; nevertheless, these aquifers are sources of water supply for many users. Basin-fill aquifers are as much as several thousand feet thick, and many contain large ground-water supplies. Ground-water mining has occurred in semiconsolidated aquifers because of withdrawals from wells.&nbsp;Unconsolidated and semiconsolidated aquifers have potential for conjunctive use with surface water, recycling to reuse available supplies, artificial recharge, and salvage of evapotranspired water.</p>\n<p>Sandstone aquifers lie near the land surface and in structural basins. Interbasin movement of ground water occurs in the Virgelle (Milk River aquifer), Fox Hills-basal Hell Creek, and Dakota aquifers. Sandstone aquifers are less transmissive than unconsolidated and semiconsolidated aquifers in general. Confined sandstone aquifers are common, and flowing wells are obtained in many areas. However, flowing wells may cause large declines in water levels if uncontrolled. Water quality is variable in sandstone aquifers but is adequate for most needs.&nbsp;Sandstone aquifers have potential for artificial recharge, induced interaquifer leakage, conjunctive use with surface water, and mining of ground water.</p>\n<p>Limestone and dolomite aquifers are extensive in the region, but in some areas they lie deep below the land surface. The occurrence of ground water in small pores, fractures, or large caverns causes yields from wells to range widely. Large flows through cavern systems in the aquifers are indicated by large springs in some areas. Water quality is extremely variable and must be considered in any water-development plan.&nbsp;Limestone and dolomite aquifers have potential for development of large water supplies in some areas. The development may be aided by induced recharge and interaquifer leakage.</p>\n<p>Saline ground water occurs throughout the Missouri Basin Region. Dissolved-solids concentration as much as 30,000 milligrams per liter has been measured in aquifers in glacial deposits in Montana. Saline water is common in sandstone aquifers in Wyoming, North Dakota, and South Dakota; maximum reported concentration is 280,000 milligrams per liter in water from the Tensleep Sandstone in Wyoming. Limestone contains saline water in many areas; maximum dissolved-solids concentration is about 350,000 milligrams per liter for the Madison Group in the Williston Basin in North Dakota.</p>\n<p>Comprehensive water-management planning in the Missouri Basin Region will require periodic or continuing inventory of precipitation, streamflow, surface-water storage, and ground water. Water demands for irrigation, industrial, public supply, and rural use are increasing rapidly. Reliance on ground-water supplies is increasing even though in many areas the ground water is still mostly undeveloped. Optimal use of water supplies will require the establishment of realistic goals and carefully conceived water-management plans, each of which will necessarily be based on an adequate baseline of hydrologic data and knowledge of the highly variable hydrologic systems in the region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp813Q","usgsCitation":"Taylor, O., 1978, Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Missouri basin region: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 813, Report: v., 41 p.; 3 Plates: 25.50 x 20.32 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp813Q.","productDescription":"Report: v., 41 p.; 3 Plates: 25.50 x 20.32 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science 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,{"id":6510,"text":"pp1003 - 1978 - Effects of urbanization on streamflow and sediment transport in the Rock Creek and Anacostia River basins, Montgomery County, Maryland, 1962-74","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":48093,"text":"ofr72455 - 1972 - Sediment yields of urban construction sources, Montgomery County, Maryland; a progress report, Rock Creek-Anacostia River Basins","indexId":"ofr72455","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"title":"Sediment yields of urban construction sources, Montgomery County, Maryland; a progress report, Rock Creek-Anacostia River Basins"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6510,"text":"pp1003 - 1978 - Effects of urbanization on streamflow and sediment transport in the Rock Creek and Anacostia River basins, Montgomery County, Maryland, 1962-74","indexId":"pp1003","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of urbanization on streamflow and sediment transport in the Rock Creek and Anacostia River basins, Montgomery County, Maryland, 1962-74"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-22T19:53:51.871944","indexId":"pp1003","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1003","title":"Effects of urbanization on streamflow and sediment transport in the Rock Creek and Anacostia River basins, Montgomery County, Maryland, 1962-74","docAbstract":"<p>Land use, precipitation, streamflow, and sediment discharge data were collected from nine small drainage basins in Montgomery County, Maryland, to evaluate runoff and sediment response to sediment-control practices in areas undergoing urban development. Drainage basins ranged in size from 0.35 to 21.1 sq mi and land use ranged from rural to 60 percent urban. Urbanization did not affect low and medium flows, but it did result in increased storm runoff and peak flows. Suspended sediment transported from one of the basins that underwent urban development, the 21.1 sq mi Anacostia River basin, averaged 15 ,400 tons/yr between 1962 and 1974. Bedload was estimated as 5 to 11 percent of the total load. Cropland, urban land, and construction sites were the major sources of sediment. Average annual sediment yields ranged from 065 to 4.3 tons/acre for cropland, 3.7 tons/acre for urban land, and 7 to 100 tons/acre for urban construction sites. The magnitude of the yields from construction sites was significantly affected by (1) the slope of the sites, (2) the proximity of stream channels, (3) buffer zones of natural vegetation, and (4) sediment-control measures. Sediment controls, particularly those enforced under a 1971 sediment-control ordinance, apparently decreased construction-site sediment yields by 60 to 80 percent.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1003","usgsCitation":"Yorke, T.H., and Herb, W.J., 1978, Effects of urbanization on streamflow and sediment transport in the Rock Creek and Anacostia River basins, Montgomery County, Maryland, 1962-74: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1003, Report: vi, 71 p.; 3 Plates: 21.50 × 31.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1003.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 71 p.; 3 Plates: 21.50 × 31.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405401,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4672.htm"},{"id":33975,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33974,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1003/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33973,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1003/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33972,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1003/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1003/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Montgomery County","otherGeospatial":"Rock Creek and Anacostia River basins","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.1208,\n              39.0594\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.9833,\n              39.0594\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.9833,\n              39.1872\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.1208,\n              39.1872\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.1208,\n              39.0594\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c82a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yorke, Thomas H.","contributorId":83109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yorke","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herb, William J.","contributorId":79454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herb","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":66864,"text":"i1033E - 1978 - Map showing principal drainage basins, principal runoff-producing areas, and selected stream flow data in the Kaiparowits coal-basin area, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-01T18:40:27.4323","indexId":"i1033E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1033","chapter":"E","title":"Map showing principal drainage basins, principal runoff-producing areas, and selected stream flow data in the Kaiparowits coal-basin area, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>This is one of a series of maps that describe the geology and related natural resources in the Kaiparowits coal-basin area. Streamflow records used to compile this map and the accompanying table were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah State Engineer and the Utah Department of Transportation. The principal runoff-producing areas were delineated from a work map (scale 1:250,000) compiled to estimate water yields in Utah (Bagley and others, 1964). Information about Lake Powell was furnished by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i1033E","usgsCitation":"Price, D., 1978, Map showing principal drainage basins, principal runoff-producing areas, and selected stream flow data in the Kaiparowits coal-basin area, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1033, 1 Map: 40.00 x 40.43 inches; Cover: 9.17 x 11.68 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1033E.","productDescription":"1 Map: 40.00 x 40.43 inches; Cover: 9.17 x 11.68 inches","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493366,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8901.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":256131,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1033e/plate-1.pdf","text":"Map I-1033-E","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256132,"rank":2,"type":{"id":8,"text":"Cover"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1033e/report.pdf","text":"Folio Cover","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1033e/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"25000","country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Kaiparowits Plateau, Kaiparowits coal-basin area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112,37 ], [ -112,38 ], [ -111,38 ], [ -111,37 ], [ -112,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3455","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Don","contributorId":30608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38701,"text":"pp813P - 1978 - Summary appraisals of the Nation's ground-water resources; Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-11T18:44:45","indexId":"pp813P","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"813","chapter":"P","title":"Summary appraisals of the Nation's ground-water resources; Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Alaska has enormous surface-water resources, but many of the streams are frozen for most of the year and most contain glacial silt that makes them unacceptable for human use. These factors lend special significance to ground water as a water-supply source, even though perennially frozen ground (permafrost) profoundly modifies ground-water flow systems in much of Alaska north of the maritime southern coast and southeastern panhandle areas. Frozen ground is a virtually impermeable layer that restricts recharge, discharge, and movement of ground water, acts as a confining layer and limits the volume of unconsolidated deposits and bedrock in which water may be stored.</p>\n<p>Ground water is an untested resource in most of Alaska, but in many areas potential development of ground water far exceeds current use. Alluvium of major river valleys, such as the Yukon, Tanana, Kuskokwim and Susitna Rivers, probably contains the most extensive aquifers in the State. Large amounts of ground water are also stored in glacial outwash aquifers that underlie coastal basins and valleys, such as those at Kenai and Anchorage in the Cook Inlet lowland. Individual wells yielding more than 1,000 gallons per minute have been developed in the Tanana River valley, Cook Inlet lowland, and the coastal valleys at Seward and Juneau. Comparable yields should be possible in other areas that have similar geohydrologic environments. No major aquifers have been identified in glacial and glaciolacustrine deposits of interior valleys or in deltaic deposits. Major bedrock aquifers have been identified only in carbonate rocks of the Brooks Range and on the north side of the Alaska Range. Springs issuing from the carbonate rocks of the Brooks Range have discharges as great as 16,000 gallons per minute.</p>\n<p>Most ground-water recharge occurs beneath reaches of stream channels that are losing flow to the ground-water system. Most ground-water discharge also takes place along reaches of stream channels. This discharge augments streamflows during summer and maintains low flows during winter when there is no surface-water runoff. On the basis of a streamflow hydrograph separation technique and using the 60 percent flow-duration value as an indicator of ground-water discharge, it is estimated that 25 percent of the total volume of streamflow in Alaska (exclusive of coastal, maritime environments) is contributed by ground-water discharge.</p>\n<p>The thawing of frozen ground in the permafrost regions of Alaska causes construction and engineering problems. Disturbance of the ground surface disrupts the natural thermal equilibrium and tends to thaw part of the permafrost. Thawing can cause loss of strength, a decrease in volume, and an increase in erosion potential, particularly if the frozen ground is fine grained and poorly drained.</p>\n<p>Present deficiencies in the ground-water information base are obvious limiting factors to ground-water development in Alaska. There is a need to extend the ground-water data-collection network and to pursue special research into the quantitative aspects of ground-water hydrology in cold regions, particularly the continuous permafrost zone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp813P","usgsCitation":"Zenone, C., and Anderson, G.S., 1978, Summary appraisals of the Nation's ground-water resources; Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 813, vi., 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp813P.","productDescription":"vi., 28 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813p/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65555,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813p/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.84 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Chester","contributorId":8094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zenone","given":"Chester","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Gary S.","contributorId":36534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28452,"text":"wri7813 - 1978 - An analysis of stream temperatures, Green River Basin, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:52","indexId":"wri7813","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-13","title":"An analysis of stream temperatures, Green River Basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"A method for estimating temperatures of streams in the Green River basin, Wyoming, utilizes a regional model for estimating mean daily temperatures of streams at unmeasured sites. The regional model was developed by describing annual temperature patterns at 43 measured sites and by applying the harmonic function T = M + A -sin (0.0172 t + C)- where: T is mean daily temperature; M, A, and C are harmonic coefficients calculated from data for each stream-temperature station; and t is the day of the water year. Application of the equation for estimating temperatures at unmeasured sites requires regionalized estimates of M, A, and C. Regional estimates were developed with the aid of multiple-regression techniques, whereby the calculated harmonic coefficients were regressed against physical and climatic characteristics of the stream-temperature stations. Stream elevation was a significant factor affecting water temperature. Analysis of areal and temporal variations in temperature showed that springs, irrigation return flows, and reservoir storage were affecting reaches of several major streams. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri7813","usgsCitation":"Lowham, H., 1978, An analysis of stream temperatures, Green River Basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-13, vi, 41 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7813.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0013/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57253,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0013/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68586a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowham, H. W.","contributorId":8111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowham","given":"H. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":9512,"text":"ofr78452 - 1978 - Risk analyses for a water-supply system; Occoquan Reservoir, Fairfax and Prince William counties, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-14T22:45:11.145876","indexId":"ofr78452","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-452","title":"Risk analyses for a water-supply system; Occoquan Reservoir, Fairfax and Prince William counties, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>This report demonstrates two techniques for evaluating risks in the operation of a water-supply system. Both rely on reconstructed historical streamflow data to develop estimates of the probabilities of certain specific events occurring in the future. These techniques are applied to the Occoquan Reservoir which was experiencing an unprecedented low level of storage in the autumn of 1977. The two techniques are used respectively to evaluate the overall adequacy of the existing reservoir and to evaluate the risks in the 1977 crisis.</p><p>In the first technique, the general risk analysis model (GRAM), simulations of the reservoir's contents are carried out under a set of assumptions about withdrawal rates and emergency procedures. The results of the GRAM simulation for the Occoquan Reservoir are in the form of estimates of the probabilities that in any year certain emergency procedures will have to be invoked. These estimates are given for a range of rates of withdrawals and for four different stages of emergency actions. Also given are the estimated probabilities of entering emergency conditions in one year given that an emergency had occurred in the previous year. Due to the year-to-year persistence of low flows, these latter (conditional) probabilities are higher than the former (marginal) probabilities.</p><p>The second technique used is position analysis. In this procedure probability distributions of future storages are estimated under existing storage conditions and an assumed rate of withdrawal from the reservoir. The position analysis which was initialized at the October 1, 1977, conditions indicates that the probability of entering a Stage III emergency (the prohibition of all uses of water nonessential to life, health, and safety) in the autumn of 1977 or winter of 1978 was 10 percent at that time. However, with a reduction in water use by 8 million gallons per day, this probability would have fallen to 4 percent.</p><p>If a long reconstructed historical streamflow record is available to a water supply agency, then the agency will have the capability to undertake its own risk analyses. It can carry out comparisons of alternative operating policies by using techniques such as GRAM. It can also evaluate short-term risk of different plans of operation during crisis situations by using position analysis.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78452","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., 1978, Risk analyses for a water-supply system; Occoquan Reservoir, Fairfax and Prince William counties, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-452, v, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78452.","productDescription":"v, 48 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141015,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0452/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":413061,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0452/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Fairfax County, Prince William County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.36749999999999,38.6175 ], [ -77.36749999999999,38.75 ], [ -77.11749999999999,38.75 ], [ -77.11749999999999,38.6175 ], [ -77.36749999999999,38.6175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b447c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":159815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26304,"text":"wri78115 - 1978 - Water chemistry of the Redwood Creek and Mill Creek basins, Redwood National Park, Humboldt and Del Norte Counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-08T20:55:02.181341","indexId":"wri78115","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-115","title":"Water chemistry of the Redwood Creek and Mill Creek basins, Redwood National Park, Humboldt and Del Norte Counties, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>A 2-year study was made in the Redwood Creek and Mill Creek drainage </span><span>basins of Redwood National Park to determine existing chemical water-quality </span><span>conditions and to identify the effects of logging on water quality in the main </span><span>stems and tributaries of the two basins. </span></p><p><span>Overall, the chemical water quality of the main stems and the tributaries is excellent, suitable for most beneficial uses. Dissolved-solids concentrations range from 25 milligrams per liter in the Redwood Creek basin and 21 milligrams per liter in the Mill Creek basin during the rainy season to 139 and 49 during the dry season. Water shifts from a mixed calcium-sodium bicarbonate-chloride type toward a calcium bicarbonate type from the end of the wet season to the end of the dry season. It shifts back toward a mixed calcium-sodium bicarbonate-chloride type from the end of the dry season to the end of the wet season. The pH shifts with the water type from a median value of 6.80 in the rainy season to 7.37 in the dry season. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are generally too low to support nuisance algae but are high enough, in some streams, to support modest populations, particularly in the main stem where light levels are high. Trace-metal concentrations are low, typical of clean streams. </span></p><p><span>Evidence suggests that dissolved calcium and bicarbonate in stream water is produced by weathering of the Franciscan assemblage underlying the basins but that chlorides are transported inland from the ocean as dry fallout and spray and in rain. Exposure of the surface soils to the elements, either by logging or by natural causes such as sparse vegetation, seems to accelerate weathering, which leads to a calcium bicarbonate water type. Logging accelerates weathering most in the tributary watersheds with regoliths derived from sandstone and least in those with regoliths derived from schist; however, the data suggest that the rate of weathering in a schistose watershed can increase dramatically if soil disruption is extensive.</span></p><p><span>Studies during storms indicated that specific conductance and alkalinity </span><span>were two to three times as likely to decrease at the discharge peak in logged </span><span>watersheds as in forested ones. This suggests that overland flow containing </span><span>lower concentrations of soil-derived dissolved solids than flow from other </span><span>sources is a larger component of peak flow in logged watersheds than in </span><span>forested watersheds.</span></p><p><span>Comparing a storm in November 1974 to one in February 1975, nitrate concentration increased significantly from November to February in a stream draining a logged watershed and decreased significantly in a stream draining a forested watershed. Then from the rainy season to the dry season, nitrate decreased in both logged and forested watersheds. This pattern suggests that soil nitrate produced by fixation and organic decomposition early in the rainy season tends to wash out of logged watersheds but be taken up in tree growth in forested watersheds. As the dry season progresses, base flow containing little nitrate enters the streams, causing a decrease in nitrate concentration. By contrast, the other plant nutrients--phosphorus, Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonium, and dissolved organic carbon--all decreased in streams from the November 1974 storm to the February 1975 storm and changed little from the rainy season through the dry season. This pattern suggests that these materials tend to accumulate in the soil during the dry season and be washed out and diluted as the rainy season progresses. Very little reaches the water table due to soil absorption so that little appears in the base flow during the dry season. </span></p><p><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri78115","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Bradford, W.L., and Iwatsubo, R.T., 1978, Water chemistry of the Redwood Creek and Mill Creek basins, Redwood National Park, Humboldt and Del Norte Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-115, vi, 112 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri78115.","productDescription":"vi, 112 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":380344,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0115/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157497,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0115/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":465902,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35215.htm","text":"Mill Creek basin","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465903,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35215.htm","text":"Redwood Creek basin","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Del Norte County, Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Redwood National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.31030273437499,\n              40.65563874006118\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.22265625000001,\n              40.65563874006118\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.22265625000001,\n              42.002366213375524\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.31030273437499,\n              42.002366213375524\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.31030273437499,\n              40.65563874006118\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, Wesley L.","contributorId":95451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"Wesley","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwatsubo, Rick T.","contributorId":11602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwatsubo","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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