{"pageNumber":"2320","pageRowStart":"57975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184634,"records":[{"id":70031407,"text":"70031407 - 2007 - Ordination of breeding birds in relation to environmental gradients in three southeastern United States floodplain forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031407","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ordination of breeding birds in relation to environmental gradients in three southeastern United States floodplain forests","docAbstract":"We used an ordination approach to identify factors important to the organization of breeding bird communities in three floodplains: Cache River, Arkansas (AR), Iatt Creek, Louisiana (LA), and the Coosawhatchie River, South Carolina (SC), USA. We used 5-min point counts to sample birds in each study area each spring from 1995 to 1998, and measured ground-surface elevations and a suite of other habitat variables to investigate bird distributions and community characteristics in relation to important environmental gradients. In both AR and SC, the average number of Neotropical migrant species detected was lowest in semipermanently flooded Nyssa aquatica Linnaeus habitats and greatest in the highest elevation floodplain zone. Melanerpes carolinus Linnaeus, Protonotaria citrea Boddaert, Quiscalus quiscula Linnaeus, and other species were more abundant in N. aquatica habitats, whereas Wilsonia citrina Boddaert, Oporornis formosus Wilson, Vireo griseus Boddaert, and others were more abundant in drier floodplain zones. In LA, there were no significant differences in community metrics or bird species abundances among forest types. Canonical correspondence analyses revealed that structural development of understory vegetation was the most important factor affecting bird distributions in all three study areas; however, potential causes of these structural gradients differed. In AR and SC, differences in habitat structure were related to the hydrologic gradient, as indexed by ground-surface elevation. In LA, structural variations were related mainly to the frequency of canopy gaps. Thus, bird communities in all three areas appeared to be organized primarily in response to repeated localized disturbance. Our results suggest that regular disturbance due to flooding plays an important role in structuring breeding bird communities in floodplains subject to prolonged inundation, whereas other agents of disturbance (e.g., canopy gaps) may be more important in headwater systems subject to only short-duration flooding. Management for avian community integrity in these systems should strive to maintain forest zonation and natural disturbance regimes. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11273-007-9040-z","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"Wakeley, J., Guilfoyle, M., Antrobus, T.J., Fischer, R., Barrow, W., and Hamel, P., 2007, Ordination of breeding birds in relation to environmental gradients in three southeastern United States floodplain forests: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 15, no. 5, p. 417-439, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-007-9040-z.","startPage":"417","endPage":"439","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212349,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-007-9040-z"},{"id":239820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6f44e4b0c8380cd759f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wakeley, J.S.","contributorId":103996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wakeley","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guilfoyle, M.P.","contributorId":59145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guilfoyle","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Antrobus, T. J.","contributorId":63117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antrobus","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fischer, R.A.","contributorId":21763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barrow, W.C. Jr. 0000-0003-4671-2823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":11183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"W.C.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hamel, P.B.","contributorId":88444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamel","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70031405,"text":"70031405 - 2007 - The abundance and distribution of diamondoids in biodegraded oils from the San Joaquin Valley: Implications for biodegradation of diamondoids in petroleum reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031405","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The abundance and distribution of diamondoids in biodegraded oils from the San Joaquin Valley: Implications for biodegradation of diamondoids in petroleum reservoirs","docAbstract":"The biodegradability of diamondoids was investigated using a collection of crude oil samples from the San Joaquin Valley, California, that had been biodegraded to varying extent in the reservoir. Our results show that diamondoids are subjected to biodegradation, which is selective as well as stepwise. Adamantanes are generally more susceptible to biodegradation than other diamondoids, such as diamantanes and triamantanes. We report a possible pathway for the microbial degradation of adamantane. This cage hydrocarbon possibly breaks down to a metabolic intermediate through the action of microbes at higher levels of biodegradation in petroleum reservoirs. Microbial alteration has only a minor effect on diamondoid abundance in oil at low levels of biodegradation. Our results suggest that most diamondoids (with the exception of adamantane) are resistant to biodegradation, like the polycyclic terpanes (e.g. C19-C24 tricyclic terpanes, hopanes, gammacerane, oleananes, Ts, Tm, C29 Ts), steranes and diasteranes. Microbial alteration of diamondoids has a negligible impact on the quantification of oil cracking achieved using the diamondoid-biomarker method. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.07.009","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Wei, Z., Moldowan, J., Peters, K.E., Wang, Y., and Xiang, W., 2007, The abundance and distribution of diamondoids in biodegraded oils from the San Joaquin Valley: Implications for biodegradation of diamondoids in petroleum reservoirs: Organic Geochemistry, v. 38, no. 11, p. 1910-1926, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.07.009.","startPage":"1910","endPage":"1926","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212322,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.07.009"},{"id":239788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba998e4b08c986b32238d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wei, Z.","contributorId":12675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moldowan, J.M.","contributorId":78527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moldowan","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, K. E.","contributorId":17295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Y.","contributorId":64213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xiang, W.","contributorId":33534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiang","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031404,"text":"70031404 - 2007 - Genetic structure and evolved malaria resistance in Hawaiian honeycreepers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70031404","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic structure and evolved malaria resistance in Hawaiian honeycreepers","docAbstract":"Infectious diseases now threaten wildlife populations worldwide but population recovery following local extinction has rarely been observed. In such a case, do resistant individuals recolonize from a central remnant population, or do they spread from small, perhaps overlooked, populations of resistant individuals? Introduced avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) has devastated low-elevation populations of native birds in Hawaii, but at least one species (Hawaii amakihi, Hemignathus virens) that was greatly reduced at elevations below about 1000 m tolerates malaria and has initiated a remarkable and rapid recovery. We assessed mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers from amakihi and two other Hawaiian honeycreepers, apapane (Himatione sanguinea) and iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea), at nine primary study sites from 2001 to 2003 to determine the source of re-establishing birds. In addition, we obtained sequences from tissue from amakihi museum study skins (1898 and 1948-49) to assess temporal changes in allele distributions. We found that amakihi in lowland areas are, and have historically been, differentiated from birds at high elevations and had unique alleles retained through time; that is, their genetic signature was not a subset of the genetic variation at higher elevations. We suggest that high disease pressure rapidly selected for resistance to malaria at low elevation, leaving small pockets of resistant birds, and this resistance spread outward from the scattered remnant populations. Low-elevation amakihi are currently isolated from higher elevations (> 1000 m) where disease emergence and transmission rates appear to vary seasonally and annually. In contrast to results from amakihi, no genetic differentiation between elevations was found in apapane and iiwi, indicating that slight variation in genetic or life-history attributes can determine disease resistance and population recovery. Determining the conditions that allow for the development of resistance to disease is essential to understanding how species evolve resistance across a landscape of varying disease pressures. ?? 2007 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03550.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Foster, J., Woodworth, B., Eggert, L., Hart, P., Palmer, D., Duffy, D., and Fleischer, R., 2007, Genetic structure and evolved malaria resistance in Hawaiian honeycreepers: Molecular Ecology, v. 16, no. 22, p. 4738-4746, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03550.x.","startPage":"4738","endPage":"4746","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212321,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03550.x"}],"volume":"16","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1584e4b0c8380cd54e55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, J.T.","contributorId":100502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodworth, B.L.","contributorId":88538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodworth","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eggert, L.E.","contributorId":90111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggert","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hart, P.J.","contributorId":104260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Palmer, D.","contributorId":46308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duffy, D.C.","contributorId":43473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffy","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fleischer, R.C.","contributorId":82259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70030184,"text":"70030184 - 2007 - Possible use of foresight, understanding, and planning by wolves hunting muskoxen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-11T16:27:04.164934","indexId":"70030184","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible use of foresight, understanding, and planning by wolves hunting muskoxen","docAbstract":"<p><span>On Ellesmere Island in 2006, arctic wolves (</span><i>Canis lupus arctos</i><span>) were observed making a two-pronged approach to a herd of muskoxen (</span><i>Ovibos moschatus</i><span>) and, on another occasion, ambushing muskoxen. Both observations seemed to provide evidence that the wolves were using foresight, understanding, and planning. Although the possible use of insight and purposiveness has been documented in captive wolves, the present report is one of the few to document the possibility that freeranging wolves use these other three mental processes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic239","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2007, Possible use of foresight, understanding, and planning by wolves hunting muskoxen: Arctic, v. 60, no. 2, p. 145-149, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic239.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"149","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476995,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic239","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239393,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e41e4b0c8380cd7a421","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70031402,"text":"70031402 - 2007 - Butterfly responses to prairie restoration through fire and grazing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70031402","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Butterfly responses to prairie restoration through fire and grazing","docAbstract":"The development of land for modern agriculture has resulted in losses of native prairie habitat. The small, isolated patches of prairie habitat that remain are threatened by fire suppression, overgrazing, and invasion by non-native species. We evaluated the effects of three restoration practices (grazing only, burning only, and burning and grazing) on the vegetation characteristics and butterfly communities of remnant prairies. Total butterfly abundance was highest on prairies that were managed with burning and grazing and lowest on those that were only burned. Butterfly species richness did not differ among any of the restoration practices. Butterfly species diversity was highest on sites that were only burned. Responses of individual butterfly species to restoration practices were highly variable. In the best predictive regression model, total butterfly abundance was negatively associated with the percent cover of bare ground and positively associated with the percent cover of forbs. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that sites with burned only and grazed only practices could be separated based on their butterfly community composition. Butterfly communities in each of the three restoration practices are equally species rich but different practices yield compositionally different butterfly communities. Because of this variation in butterfly species responses to different restoration practices, there is no single practice that will benefit all species or even all species within habitat-specialist or habitat-generalist habitat guilds. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2007.07.027","issn":"00063207","usgsCitation":"Vogel, J.A., Debinski, D.M., Koford, R.R., and Miller, J., 2007, Butterfly responses to prairie restoration through fire and grazing: Biological Conservation, v. 140, no. 1-2, p. 78-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.07.027.","startPage":"78","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477166,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.07.027","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212290,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.07.027"}],"volume":"140","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2bde4b0c8380cd4b326","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogel, Jennifer A.","contributorId":9463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Debinski, Diane M.","contributorId":25361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debinski","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koford, Rolf R.","contributorId":16347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koford","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, J.R.","contributorId":86555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031400,"text":"70031400 - 2007 - Conservation genetics of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in the Western Hemisphere: Population genetic structure and delineation of subspecies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T13:40:53","indexId":"70031400","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation genetics of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in the Western Hemisphere: Population genetic structure and delineation of subspecies","docAbstract":"We examined the genetic structure of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in North America, the Caribbean, and the west coast of South America to quantify variation within and among breeding areas and to test the validity of three previously recognized subspecies. Sequences (676 bp) from domains I and II of the mitochondrial control region were analyzed for 166 snowy plovers from 20 breeding areas. Variation was also examined at 10 microsatellite loci for 144 snowy plovers from 14 breeding areas. The mtDNA and microsatellite data provided strong evidence that the Puerto Rican breeding group is genetically divergent from sites in the continental U.S. (net sequence divergence = 0.38%; F ST for microsatellites = 0.190). Our data also revealed high levels of differentiation between sites from South America and North America (net sequence divergence = 0.81%; F ST for microsatellites = 0.253). In contrast, there was little genetic structure among breeding sites within the continental U.S. Our results suggest that snowy plovers in Florida should be considered part of C. a. nivosus (rather than part of C. a. tenuirostris, where they are currently placed), whereas snowy plovers from Puerto Rico should be considered part of C. a. tenuirostris. Snowy plovers in South America should remain a separate subspecies (C. a. occidentalis). Although U.S. Pacific and Gulf Coast breeding areas were not genetically distinct from other continental U.S. sites, demographic isolation, unique coastal habitats, and recent population declines suggest they warrant special concern. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10592-006-9278-7","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Funk, W., Mullins, T., and Haig, S.M., 2007, Conservation genetics of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in the Western Hemisphere: Population genetic structure and delineation of subspecies: Conservation Genetics, v. 8, no. 6, p. 1287-1309, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-006-9278-7.","startPage":"1287","endPage":"1309","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212260,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-006-9278-7"},{"id":239722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9dce4b0c8380cd4d810","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funk, W.C.","contributorId":29934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mullins, T.D.","contributorId":26046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haig, S. M. 0000-0002-6616-7589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":55389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031399,"text":"70031399 - 2007 - Mercury and trace elements in crayfish from northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T10:54:06","indexId":"70031399","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury and trace elements in crayfish from northern California","docAbstract":"We collected two species of crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus and Procambarus clarkii, from Cache and Putah Creeks, California, and analyzed them for mercury and trace elements. Trace elements were higher in carcasses in 40 cases, higher in tails in 5 cases, and not different in 35 cases; no concentration exceeded levels considered harmful. Mercury concentrations were similar among sites, with no overall sex or species effect in tails. Mercury and methylmercury concentrations were higher in tails at all sites. Methylmercury concentrations in crayfish tails (0.156-0.256 ??g/g) exceeded concentrations reported in health advisories for consumption of fish and crayfish from these watersheds. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00128-007-9304-6","issn":"00074861","usgsCitation":"Hothem, R.L., Bergen, D., Bauer, M., Crayon, J., and Meckstroth, A., 2007, Mercury and trace elements in crayfish from northern California: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 79, no. 6, p. 628-632, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-007-9304-6.","startPage":"628","endPage":"632","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212233,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-007-9304-6"}],"volume":"79","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a53e4e4b0c8380cd6cdbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hothem, R. L.","contributorId":82633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergen, D.R.","contributorId":77738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergen","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bauer, M.L.","contributorId":16655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crayon, J.J.","contributorId":91810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crayon","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meckstroth, A.M.","contributorId":50464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meckstroth","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030163,"text":"70030163 - 2007 - Role of sediment resuspension in the remobilization of particulate-phase metals from coastal sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T12:00:41","indexId":"70030163","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of sediment resuspension in the remobilization of particulate-phase metals from coastal sediments","docAbstract":"<p>The release of particulate-phase trace metals due to sediment resuspension has been investigated by combining erosion chamber experiments that apply a range of shear stresses typically encountered in coastal environments with a shear stress record simulated by a hydrodynamic model. Two sites with contrasting sediment chemistry were investigated. Sediment particles enriched in silver, copper, and lead, 4−50 times greater than the bulk surface-sediment content, were the first particles to be eroded. As the shear-stress level was increased in the chamber, the total mass eroded increased, but the enrichment of these trace metals fell, approaching the bulk-sediment content. From the temporal distribution of shear stress generated by the hydrodynamic model for a site in Boston Harbor, resuspension fluxes were estimated. The erosion threshold of this site is exceeded during spring tides, releasing the particles enriched in trace metals into the water column. Due to the higher trace metal content and the regularity of resuspension, low-energy resuspension events (up to a shear stress of 0.2 N/m<sup>2</sup>) contribute up to 60% of the resuspension metal flux in an average year. The estimated annual quantity of copper and lead resuspended into the water column is higher than estimates of the total riverine flux for these metals. These results indicate that sediment resuspension is a very important mechanism for releasing metals into the water column and provide new insight into the chemical and physical processes controlling the long-term fate of trace metals in contaminated sediments.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es061770z","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Kalnejais, L.H., Martin, W.R., Signell, R.P., and Bothner, M., 2007, Role of sediment resuspension in the remobilization of particulate-phase metals from coastal sediments: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 7, p. 2282-2288, https://doi.org/10.1021/es061770z.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2282","endPage":"2288","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Hingham Bay, Massachusetts Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.060904,42.233211 ], [ -71.060904,42.411866 ], [ -70.765069,42.411866 ], [ -70.765069,42.233211 ], [ -71.060904,42.233211 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae69e4b0c8380cd870c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalnejais, Linda H.","contributorId":24865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalnejais","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, William R.","contributorId":48258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Signell, Richard P. rsignell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"Richard","email":"rsignell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031398,"text":"70031398 - 2007 - Head-bobbing behavior in walking whooping cranes (<i>Grus americana</i>) and sandhill cranes (<i>Grus canadensis</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:44:28","indexId":"70031398","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2409,"text":"Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Head-bobbing behavior in walking whooping cranes (<i>Grus americana</i>) and sandhill cranes (<i>Grus canadensis</i>)","docAbstract":"Head-bobbing is a common and characteristic behavior of walking birds. While the activity could have a relatively minor biomechanical function, for balance and stabilization of gait, head-bobbing is thought to be primarily a visual behavior in which fixation of gaze alternates with a forward movement that generates visual flow. We studied head-bobbing in locomoting whooping cranes (<i>Grus americana</i>) and sandhill cranes (<i>Grus canadensis</i>), using food strewn on the ground to motivate them to walk or run. When the cranes walked, head-bobbing proceeded in a four-step sequence that was closely linked to the stepping cycle. The time available for gaze stabilization decreased with travel speed, and running cranes did not head-bob at all. As a crane extended its bill towards the ground for food, it also exhibited a series of short head-bobs that were not associated with forward travel. Head-bobbing is a flexible behavior that varies with gait and with visual search, most notably as the cranes prepare to strike with the bill.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s10336-007-0199-0","issn":"00218375","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.W., Kinloch, M.R., and Olsen, G.H., 2007, Head-bobbing behavior in walking whooping cranes (<i>Grus americana</i>) and sandhill cranes (<i>Grus canadensis</i>): Journal of Ornithology, v. 148, no. 2 Supplement, p. 563-569, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-007-0199-0.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"569","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212232,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-007-0199-0"}],"volume":"148","issue":"2 Supplement","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2fd0e4b0c8380cd5d0e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, Thomas W.","contributorId":79294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinloch, Matthew R.","contributorId":41218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinloch","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":431332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031367,"text":"70031367 - 2007 - Large fluctuations of dissolved oxygen in the Indian and Pacific oceans during Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations caused by variations of North Atlantic Deep Water subduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031367","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3002,"text":"Paleoceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large fluctuations of dissolved oxygen in the Indian and Pacific oceans during Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations caused by variations of North Atlantic Deep Water subduction","docAbstract":"Paleoclimate records from glacial Indian and Pacific oceans sediments document millennial-scale fluctuations of subsurface dissolved oxygen levels and denitrification coherent with North Atlantic temperature oscillations. Yet the mechanism of this teleconnection between the remote ocean basins remains elusive. Here we present model simulations of the oxygen and nitrogen cycles that explain how changes in deepwater subduction in the North Atlantic can cause large and synchronous variations of oxygen minimum zones, throughout the Northern Hemisphere of the Indian and Pacific oceans, consistent with the paleoclimate records. Cold periods in the North Atlantic are associated with reduced nutrient delivery to the upper Indo-Pacific oceans, thereby decreasing productivity. Reduced export production diminishes subsurface respiration of organic matter leading to higher oxygen concentrations and less denitrification. This effect of reduced oxygen consumption dominates at low latitudes. At high latitudes in the Southern Ocean and North Pacific, increased mixed layer depths and steepening of isopycnals improve ocean ventilation and oxygen supply to the subsurface. Atmospheric teleconnections through changes in wind-driven ocean circulation modify this basin-scale pattern regionally. These results suggest that changes in the Atlantic Ocean circulation, similar to those projected by climate models to possibly occur in the centuries to come because of anthropogenic climate warming, can have large effects on marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles even in remote areas. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Paleoceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006PA001384","issn":"08838305","usgsCitation":"Schmittner, A., Galbraith, E., Hostetler, S.W., Pedersen, T.F., and Zhang, R., 2007, Large fluctuations of dissolved oxygen in the Indian and Pacific oceans during Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations caused by variations of North Atlantic Deep Water subduction: Paleoceanography, v. 22, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006PA001384.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212289,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006PA001384"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4479e4b0c8380cd66b38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmittner, A.","contributorId":18977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmittner","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galbraith, E.D.","contributorId":20157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galbraith","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hostetler, S. W. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":42911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pedersen, Thomas F.","contributorId":13785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pedersen","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, R.","contributorId":56445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031368,"text":"70031368 - 2007 - Detection ratios on winter surveys of Rocky Mountain Trumpeter Swans Cygnus buccinator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T13:39:02","indexId":"70031368","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection ratios on winter surveys of Rocky Mountain Trumpeter Swans Cygnus buccinator","docAbstract":"We estimated the detection ratio for Rocky Mountain Trumpeter Swans Cygnus buccinator that were counted during aerial surveys made in winter. The standard survey involved counting white or grey birds on snow and ice and thus might be expected to have had low detection ratios. On the other hand, observers were permitted to circle areas where the birds were concentrated multiple times to obtain accurate counts. Actual numbers present were estimated by conducting additional intensive aerial counts either immediately before or immediately after the standard count. Surveyors continued the intensive surveys at each area until consecutive counts were identical. The surveys were made at 10 locations in 2006 and at 19 locations in 2007. A total of 2,452 swans were counted on the intensive surveys. Detection ratios did not vary detectably with year, observer, which survey was conducted first, age of the swans, or the number of swans present. The overall detection ratio was 0.93 (90% confidence interval 0.82-1.04), indicating that the counts were quite accurate. Results are used to depict changes in population size for Rocky Mountain Trumpeter Swans from 1974-2007. ?? Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildfowl","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"09546324","usgsCitation":"Bart, J., Mitchell, C., Fisher, M., and Dubovsky, J., 2007, Detection ratios on winter surveys of Rocky Mountain Trumpeter Swans Cygnus buccinator: Wildfowl, v. 57, p. 21-28.","startPage":"21","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff7de4b0c8380cd4f20d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bart, J.","contributorId":76272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, C.D.","contributorId":54019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, M.N.","contributorId":94100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dubovsky, J.A.","contributorId":50242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubovsky","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031370,"text":"70031370 - 2007 - Cross-calibration of the Terra MODIS, Landsat 7 ETM+ and EO-1 ALI sensors using near-simultaneous surface observation over the Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada, test site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-17T15:06:35.171594","indexId":"70031370","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Cross-calibration of the Terra MODIS, Landsat 7 ETM+ and EO-1 ALI sensors using near-simultaneous surface observation over the Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada, test site","docAbstract":"A cross-calibration methodology has been developed using coincident image pairs from the Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Landsat 7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and the Earth Observing EO-1 Advanced Land Imager (ALI) to verify the absolute radiometric calibration accuracy of these sensors with respect to each other. To quantify the effects due to different spectral responses, the Relative Spectral Responses (RSR) of these sensors were studied and compared by developing a set of \"figures-of-merit.\" Seven cloud-free scenes collected over the Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada (RVPN), test site were used to conduct the cross-calibration study. This cross-calibration approach was based on image statistics from near-simultaneous observations made by different satellite sensors. Homogeneous regions of interest (ROI) were selected in the image pairs, and the mean target statistics were converted to absolute units of at-sensor reflectance. Using these reflectances, a set of cross-calibration equations were developed giving a relative gain and bias between the sensor pair.","conferenceTitle":"Earth Observing Systems XII","conferenceDate":"August 26-28, 2007","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.734292","issn":"0277786X","isbn":"9780819468253","usgsCitation":"Chander, G., Angal, A., Choi, T., Meyer, D.J., Xiong, X., and Teillet, P., 2007, Cross-calibration of the Terra MODIS, Landsat 7 ETM+ and EO-1 ALI sensors using near-simultaneous surface observation over the Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada, test site, Earth Observing Systems XII, v. 6677, San Diego, CA, August 26-28, 2007, 66770Y, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734292.","productDescription":"66770Y, 12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239786,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6677","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcc1e4b0c8380cd4e400","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angal, A.","contributorId":52716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angal","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choi, T.","contributorId":48698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, D. J.","contributorId":46721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xiong, X.","contributorId":37885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiong","given":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Teillet, P.M.","contributorId":23717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teillet","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70031390,"text":"70031390 - 2007 - Summer microhabitat use of fluvial bull trout in Eastern Oregon streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70031390","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer microhabitat use of fluvial bull trout in Eastern Oregon streams","docAbstract":"The management and recovery of populations of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus requires a comprehensive understanding of habitat use across different systems, life stages, and life history forms. To address these needs, we collected microhabitat use and availability data in three fluvial populations of bull trout in eastern Oregon. We evaluated diel differences in microhabitat use, the consistency of microhabitat use across systems and size-classes based on preference, and our ability to predict bull trout microhabitat use. Diel comparisons suggested bull trout continue to use deeper microhabitats with cover but shift into significantly slower habitats during nighttime periods; however, we observed no discrete differences in substrate use patterns across diel periods. Across life stages, we found that both juvenile and adult bull trout used slow-velocity microhabitats with cover, but the use of specific types varied. Both logistic regression and habitat preference analyses suggested that adult bull trout used deeper habitats than juveniles. Habitat preference analyses suggested that bull trout habitat use was consistent across all three systems, as chi-square tests rejected the null hypotheses that microhabitats were used in proportion to those available (P < 0.0001). Validation analyses indicated that the logistic regression models (juvenile and adult) were effective at predicting bull trout absence across all tests (specificity values = 100%); however, our ability to accurately predict bull trout absence was limited (sensitivity values = 0% across all tests). Our results highlight the limitations of the models used to predict microhabitat use for fish species like bull trout, which occur at naturally low densities. However, our results also demonstrate that bull trout microhabitat use patterns are generally consistent across systems, a pattern that parallels observations at both similar and larger scales and across life history forms. Thus, our results, in combination with previous bull trout habitat studies, provide managers with benchmarks for restoration in highly degraded systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-154.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R., and Budy, P., 2007, Summer microhabitat use of fluvial bull trout in Eastern Oregon streams: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 4, p. 1068-1081, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-154.1.","startPage":"1068","endPage":"1081","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212618,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-154.1"},{"id":240132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f3ee4b08c986b31e430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, R.","contributorId":42431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budy, P.","contributorId":68091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031389,"text":"70031389 - 2007 - Magnesium and calcium sulfate stabilities and the water budget of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70031389","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnesium and calcium sulfate stabilities and the water budget of Mars","docAbstract":"Magnesium sulfate probably plays a dominant role in the water cycle of Mars away from the polar ice caps through hydration and dehydration reactions. This prominence is due to its abundance, its occurrence in numerous hydration states, and its ability to hydrate and dehydrate rapidly. New experimental studies on the metastable reaction between hexahydrite (MgSO4??6H2O) and starkeyite (MgSO4-4H2O) as a function of temperature and relative humidity, supplemented by recent investigations of the stable reaction between epsomite (MgSO4??7H2O) and hexahydrite and by phase equilibrium calculations, suggest that the most important magnesium sulfate phases involved in the Martian water cycle are MgSO4??11 H2O, epsomite, starkeyite, and possibly kieserite (MgSO4??H2O). Hexahydrite is not predicted to be stable on the surface of Mars. During diurnal variations in temperature and relative humidity, 1 kg of MgSO4 can release or remove from the atmosphere 1.5 kg of H2O by cycling between kieserite and MgSO4??11 H2O. Despite subequal abundances of calcium sulfate, calcium sulfates are not likely to be important in the water cycle of the planet because of sluggish rates of hydration and dehydration and a more limited range of H2O concentrations per kilogram of CaSO4 (0.00 to 0.26 kg kg-1). Modern or recent erosion on Mars attributed to liquid water may be due to the dehydration Of MgSO4??11 H2O because of the inferred abundance and likelihood of occurrence of this phase and its limited stability relative to known variations in temperature and relative humidity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JE002898","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Chou, I., and Seal, R., 2007, Magnesium and calcium sulfate stabilities and the water budget of Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 112, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002898.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477118,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007je002898","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002898"},{"id":240096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b57e4b0c8380cd69489","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":431298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, R.R. II","contributorId":102097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"R.R.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031388,"text":"70031388 - 2007 - Cleats and their relation to geologic lineaments and coalbed methane potential in Pennsylvanian coals in Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70031388","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cleats and their relation to geologic lineaments and coalbed methane potential in Pennsylvanian coals in Indiana","docAbstract":"Cleats and fractures in Pennsylvanian coals in southwestern Indiana were described, statistically analyzed, and subsequently interpreted in terms of their origin, relation to geologic lineaments, and significance for coal permeability and coalbed gas generation and storage. These cleats can be interpreted as the result of superimposed endogenic and exogenic processes. Endogenic processes are associated with coalification (i.e., matrix dehydration and shrinkage), while exogenic processes are mainly associated with larger-scale phenomena, such as tectonic stress. At least two distinct generations of cleats were identified on the basis of field reconnaissance and microscopic study: a first generation of cleats that developed early on during coalification and a second generation that cuts through the previous one at an angle that mimics the orientation of the present-day stress field. The observed parallelism between early-formed cleats and mapped lineaments suggests a well-established tectonic control during early cleat formation. Authigenic minerals filling early cleats represent the vestiges of once open hydrologic regimes. The second generation of cleats is characterized by less prominent features (i.e., smaller apertures) with a much less pronounced occurrence of authigenic mineralization. Our findings suggest a multistage development of cleats that resulted from tectonic stress regimes that changed orientation during coalification and basin evolution. The coals studied are characterized by a macrocleat distribution similar to that of well-developed coalbed methane basins (e.g., Black Warrior Basin, Alabama). Scatter plots and regression analyses of meso- and microcleats reveal a power-law distribution between spacing and cleat aperture. The same distribution was observed for fractures at microscopic scale. Our observations suggest that microcleats enhance permeability by providing additional paths for migration of gas out of the coal matrix, in addition to providing access for methanogenic bacteria. The abundance, distribution, and orientation of cleats control coal fabric and are crucial features in all stages of coalbed gas operations (i.e., exploration and production). Understanding coal fabric is important for coal gas exploration as it may be related to groundwater migration and the occurrence of methanogenic bacteria, prerequisite to biogenic gas accumulations. Likewise, the distribution of cleats in coal also determines pathways for migration and accumulation of thermogenic gas generated during coalification. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2007.02.004","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Solano-Acosta, W., Mastalerz, M., and Schimmelmann, A., 2007, Cleats and their relation to geologic lineaments and coalbed methane potential in Pennsylvanian coals in Indiana: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 72, no. 3-4, p. 187-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2007.02.004.","startPage":"187","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212589,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2007.02.004"},{"id":240095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f643e4b0c8380cd4c643","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Solano-Acosta, W.","contributorId":29212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solano-Acosta","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":78065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031382,"text":"70031382 - 2007 - Landward and eastward shift of Alaskan polar bear denning associated with recent sea ice changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:23:39","indexId":"70031382","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landward and eastward shift of Alaskan polar bear denning associated with recent sea ice changes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Polar bears&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">(Ursus maritimus)</i><span>&nbsp;in the northern Alaska region den in coastal areas and on offshore drifting ice. We evaluated changes in the distribution of polar bear maternal dens between 1985 and 2005, using satellite telemetry. We determined the distribution of maternal dens occupied by 89 satellite collared female polar bears between 137&deg;W and 167&deg;W longitude. The proportion of dens on pack ice declined from 62% in 1985&ndash;1994 to 37% in 1998&ndash;2004 (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.044) and among pack ice dens fewer occurred in the western Beaufort Sea after 1998. We evaluated whether hunting, attraction to bowhead whale remains, or changes in sea ice could explain changes in den distribution. We concluded that denning distribution changed in response to reductions in stable old ice, increases in unconsolidated ice, and lengthening of the melt season. In consort, these changes have likely reduced the availability and quality of pack ice denning habitat. Further declines in sea ice availability are predicted. Therefore, we expect the proportion of polar bears denning in coastal areas will continue to increase, until such time as the autumn ice retreats far enough from shore that it precludes offshore pregnant females from reaching the Alaska coast in advance of denning.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00300-007-0300-4","issn":"07224060","usgsCitation":"Fischbach, A., Amstrup, S.C., and Douglas, D., 2007, Landward and eastward shift of Alaskan polar bear denning associated with recent sea ice changes: Polar Biology, v. 30, no. 11, p. 1395-1405, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-007-0300-4.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1395","endPage":"1405","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"30","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a446de4b0c8380cd66acf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":200780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony S.","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":431280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034383,"text":"70034383 - 2007 - Characterizing a December 2005 density current event in the Chicago River, Chicago, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:47","indexId":"70034383","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characterizing a December 2005 density current event in the Chicago River, Chicago, Illinois","docAbstract":"During the winter months, the Chicago River in Chicago, Illinois is subject to bi-directional flows, and density currents are thought to be responsible for these flow variations. This paper presents detailed field measurements using three acoustic Doppler current profiler instruments and simultaneous water-quality measurements made during December 2005. Observations indicate that the formation of density currents within the Chicago River and density differences are mostly due to salinity differences between the North Branch and the main stem of the Chicago River, whereas temperature difference does not appreciably affect the creation of density currents. Sources of higher water temperature, conductivity, and salinity values should be addressed in future studies. ?? 2007 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006: Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns","conferenceDate":"21 May 2006 through 25 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Omaha, NE","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40856(200)155","isbn":"0784408564; 9780784408568","usgsCitation":"Garcia, C., Jackson, P., Oberg, K.A., Johnson, K., and Garcia, M., 2007, Characterizing a December 2005 density current event in the Chicago River, Chicago, Illinois, <i>in</i> Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006, Omaha, NE, 21 May 2006 through 25 May 2006, https://doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)155.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216740,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)155"},{"id":244626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4ede4b0c8380cd4bfe8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, C.M.","contributorId":84159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackson, P.R.","contributorId":68552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oberg, K. A.","contributorId":67553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberg","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, K. K.","contributorId":70871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garcia, M.H.","contributorId":45079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033546,"text":"70033546 - 2007 - The effects of flooding and sedimentation on seed germination of two bottomland hardwood tree species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-17T09:33:08","indexId":"70033546","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of flooding and sedimentation on seed germination of two bottomland hardwood tree species","docAbstract":"Flooding and sedimentation are two of the dominant disturbances that influence tree species composition and succession in floodplain forests. The importance of these disturbances may be most notable during the germination and establishment phases of plant succession. Channelization of most alluvial systems in the southeastern United States has caused dramatic and systematic alterations to both hydrologic and sedimentation processes of floodplain systems. We determined the influence of these altered abiotic processes on the germination and growth of two common floodplain tree species: swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii Nutt.) and overcup oak (Q. lyrata Walt.). Flood durations of 0 days, 15 days, and 30 days prior to germination was a factor in germination, but the effect varied by species. For instance, ovcrcup oak, which has a higher tolerance to flooding than swamp chestnut oak, had higher germination rates in the flooded treatments (15-day x?? = 78% and 30-day x?? = 85%) compared to the non-flooded treatment (x?? = 54%). In contrast, germination rates of swamp chestnut oak were negatively affected by the 30-day flood treatment. Sediment deposition rates of 2 cm of top soil, 2 cm of sand, and 8 cm of sand also affected germination, but were secondary to flood duration. The main effect of the sediment treatment in this experiment was a reduction in above-ground height of seedlings. Our study provides evidence for the importance of both flooding and sedimentation in determining tree species composition in floodplain systems, and that tolerance levels to such stressors vary by species. ?? 2007, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[588:TEOFAS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"02775","usgsCitation":"Pierce, A.R., and King, S., 2007, The effects of flooding and sedimentation on seed germination of two bottomland hardwood tree species: Wetlands, v. 27, no. 3, p. 588-594, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[588:TEOFAS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"588","endPage":"594","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab7be4b08c986b322e8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierce, Aaron R.","contributorId":94421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierce","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":33463,"text":"Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":441387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, S.L.","contributorId":105663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031146,"text":"70031146 - 2007 - Economic decision making and the application of nonparametric prediction models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T10:43:26","indexId":"70031146","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Economic decision making and the application of nonparametric prediction models","docAbstract":"Sustained increases in energy prices have focused attention on gas resources in low permeability shale or in coals that were previously considered economically marginal. Daily well deliverability is often relatively small, although the estimates of the total volumes of recoverable resources in these settings are large. Planning and development decisions for extraction of such resources must be area-wide because profitable extraction requires optimization of scale economies to minimize costs and reduce risk. For an individual firm the decision to enter such plays depends on reconnaissance level estimates of regional recoverable resources and on cost estimates to develop untested areas. This paper shows how simple nonparametric local regression models, used to predict technically recoverable resources at untested sites, can be combined with economic models to compute regional scale cost functions. The context of the worked example is the Devonian Antrim shale gas play, Michigan Basin. One finding relates to selection of the resource prediction model to be used with economic models. Models which can best predict aggregate volume over larger areas (many hundreds of sites) may lose granularity in the distribution of predicted volumes at individual sites. This loss of detail affects the representation of economic cost functions and may affect economic decisions. Second, because some analysts consider unconventional resources to be ubiquitous, the selection and order of specific drilling sites may, in practice, be determined by extraneous factors. The paper also shows that when these simple prediction models are used to strategically order drilling prospects, the gain in gas volume over volumes associated with simple random site selection amounts to 15 to 20 percent. It also discusses why the observed benefit of updating predictions from results of new drilling, as opposed to following static predictions, is somewhat smaller. Copyright 2007, Society of Petroleum Engineers.","largerWorkTitle":"SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium","conferenceTitle":"SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium, HEES 2007 - Unconventional Economics","conferenceDate":"1 April 2007 through 3 April 2007","conferenceLocation":"Dallas, TX","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., Coburn, T.C., and Freeman, P., 2007, Economic decision making and the application of nonparametric prediction models, <i>in</i> SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium, Dallas, TX, 1 April 2007 through 3 April 2007, p. 73-82.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"82","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0580e4b0c8380cd50e10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":193092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coburn, Timothy C.","contributorId":26011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coburn","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Philip A. 0000-0002-0863-7431 pfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7431","contributorId":193093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Philip A.","email":"pfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70174216,"text":"70174216 - 2007 - Analysis of the sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) reproductive tract: A methods manual","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T14:39:55","indexId":"70174216","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":295,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"MMM 2007-002","title":"Analysis of the sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) reproductive tract: A methods manual","docAbstract":"<p>Reproduction in the female sea otter, Enhydra lutris, was relatively unstudied until Sinha et al. (1966) examined 140 reproductive tracts collected 1955-62 and used their findings to describe sea otter reproductive anatomy and biology. Two years later Sinha and Conaway (1968) published a more detailed paper on the ovary of the sea otter. These descriptive papers have been used as the basis for all subsequent studies of sea otter reproductive tracts.</p>\n<p>During biological collections of sea otters in the 1960s and 70s a large number of female carcasses became available to wildlife biologists. Using Sinha&rsquo;s research, Schneider (1973) analyzed 1,482 female reproductive tracts to determine the timing of reproduction, gestation period, age of sexual maturity, fetal sex ratio and growth rate of otters in the Aleutian Islands. A similar study was conducted by Bodkin et al. (1993) on a sample of 177 females collected after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. Recently (von Biela 2007) examined 134 reproductive tracts obtained from beachcast and harvested otters across the three Alaskan population stocks as part of a Master&rsquo;s thesis.</p>\n<p>As with most life history data, comparisons among and within populations that differ in status relative to equilibrium densities provide useful data with which to test hypotheses about the cause and effects of changes in demographic rates such as reproductive rate. However, in order to make such comparisons, methods used in different periods must be comparable. The purpose of this manual is to explicitly describe how to collect and analyze sea otter reproductive tracts for the determination of reproductive rate, pregnancy rate, percentage of mature females, and timing of reproduction so that the data will be directly comparable to that collected in the past. The techniques presented in this manual have been used to study sea otter populations over the last 50 years, and maintaining such consistency is essential to comparisons in the future.</p>\n<p>This manual is based on the methods of previous researchers and draws heavily on the published and unpublished works of James Bodkin, Karl Kenyon, Calvin Lensink, Daniel Mulcahy, Karl Schneider, and Akhouri Sinha. Most invaluable to the production of this manual were the direct communications with Karl Schneider and Dan Mulcahy. In each instance, researchers have communicated with each other to attain comparable methods. Recognizing that researchers in the future may not have this luxury, this guide has been produced to preserve the technique. In addition to using this manual, researchers should consult with colleagues experienced in the analysis of mammalian reproductive tracts, preferably specific to sea otters. Individuals are encouraged to contact V. von Biela with any questions.</p>\n<p>Sea otter reproductive tracts have most commonly come from either intentional sampling through harvests (Sinah et al. 1966, Schneider 1975) or unintentional large scale mortalities (e.g. the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill) (Bodkin et al. 1993). Carcasses and reproductive tracts can also be obtained through the collection of fresh beach cast&nbsp;carcasses. Analysis of reproductive tracts should consider the source of carcasses as samples representing either the &ldquo;living&rdquo; or &ldquo;dead&rdquo; sea otter population, as they may differ in reproductive parameters. In most cases the reproductive tracts are fixed in formalin or frozen (minimum of &ndash;20˚C) immediately after collection; both methods are acceptable for later analysis of the tissue. Immediate fixation is preferred as it is a necessary step in analysis. Uteri and ovaries are then examined to determine the current and past reproductive history of each individual. This manual also includes an example datasheet (Appendix A) and glossary (Appendix B).&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Marine Mammals Management","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","usgsCitation":"von Biela, V.R., and Gill, V., 2007, Analysis of the sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) reproductive tract: A methods manual: Technical Report MMM 2007-002, 23 p.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f19de4b07dd077c697d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"von Biela, Vanessa R. 0000-0002-7139-5981 vvonbiela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-5981","contributorId":3104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Biela","given":"Vanessa","email":"vvonbiela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70174306,"text":"70174306 - 2007 - Glaciers dominate eustatic sea-level rise in the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-07T15:48:55","indexId":"70174306","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glaciers dominate eustatic sea-level rise in the 21st century","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ice loss to the sea currently accounts for virtually all of the sea-level rise that is not attributable to ocean warming, and about 60% of the ice loss is from glaciers and ice caps rather than from the two ice sheets. The contribution of these smaller glaciers has accelerated over the past decade, in part due to marked thinning and retreat of marine-terminating glaciers associated with a dynamic instability that is generally not considered in mass-balance and climate modeling. This acceleration of glacier melt may cause 0.1 to 0.25 meter of additional sea-level rise by 2100.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1126/science.1143906","usgsCitation":"Meier, M.F., Dyurgerov, M., Rick, U.K., Pfeffer, W.T., Anderson, S.P., and Glazovsky, A.F., 2007, Glaciers dominate eustatic sea-level rise in the 21st century: Science, v. 317, no. 5841, p. 1064-1067, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1143906.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1064","endPage":"1067","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324834,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"317","issue":"5841","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577f7d30e4b0ef4d2f45faaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meier, Mark Frederick","contributorId":30982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"Frederick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dyurgerov, M.B.","contributorId":43953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyurgerov","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rick, Ursula K.","contributorId":172731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rick","given":"Ursula","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pfeffer, William Tad","contributorId":76217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfeffer","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Tad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Suzanne P. 0000-0002-6796-6649","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6796-6649","contributorId":172732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Glazovsky, Andrey F.","contributorId":172733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glazovsky","given":"Andrey","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035282,"text":"70035282 - 2007 - Seismic hazard and risk assessment in the intraplate environment: The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035282","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic hazard and risk assessment in the intraplate environment: The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States","docAbstract":"Although the causes of large intraplate earthquakes are still not fully understood, they pose certain hazard and risk to societies. Estimating hazard and risk in these regions is difficult because of lack of earthquake records. The New Madrid seismic zone is one such region where large and rare intraplate earthquakes (M = 7.0 or greater) pose significant hazard and risk. Many different definitions of hazard and risk have been used, and the resulting estimates differ dramatically. In this paper, seismic hazard is defined as the natural phenomenon generated by earthquakes, such as ground motion, and is quantified by two parameters: a level of hazard and its occurrence frequency or mean recurrence interval; seismic risk is defined as the probability of occurrence of a specific level of seismic hazard over a certain time and is quantified by three parameters: probability, a level of hazard, and exposure time. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), a commonly used method for estimating seismic hazard and risk, derives a relationship between a ground motion parameter and its return period (hazard curve). The return period is not an independent temporal parameter but a mathematical extrapolation of the recurrence interval of earthquakes and the uncertainty of ground motion. Therefore, it is difficult to understand and use PSHA. A new method is proposed and applied here for estimating seismic hazard in the New Madrid seismic zone. This method provides hazard estimates that are consistent with the state of our knowledge and can be easily applied to other intraplate regions. ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2425(24)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Wang, Z., 2007, Seismic hazard and risk assessment in the intraplate environment: The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 425, p. 363-374, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2425(24).","startPage":"363","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215459,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2425(24)"}],"issue":"425","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b15e4b08c986b31759a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Z.","contributorId":67976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70161144,"text":"70161144 - 2007 - Exploring the temporal effects of seasonal water availability on the snail kite of Florida: Part III","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T16:14:20","indexId":"70161144","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Exploring the temporal effects of seasonal water availability on the snail kite of Florida: Part III","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Florida snail kite (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Rostrhamus sociabilis</i><span>) is an endangered raptor that occurs as an isolated population, currently of about 2,000 birds, in the wetlands of southern and central Florida, USA. Its exclusive prey species, the apple snail (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Pomacea paludosa</i><span>) is strongly influenced by seasonal changes in water abundance. Droughts during the snail kite breeding season have a direct negative effect on snail kite survival and reproduction, but droughts are also needed to maintain aquatic vegetation types favorable to snail kite foraging for snails. We used a spatially explicit matrix model to explore the effects of temporal variation in water levels on the viability of the snail kite population under different temporal drought regimes in its wetland breeding habitat. We focused on three aspects of variations in water levels that were likely to affect kites: (1) drought frequency; (2) drought duration; and (3) drought timing within the year. We modeled a 31-year historical scenario using four different scenarios in which the average water level was maintained constant, but the amplitude of water level fluctuations was modified. Our results reveal the complexity of the effects of temporal variation in water levels on snail kite population dynamics. Management implications of these results are discussed. In particular, management decisions should not be based on annual mean water levels alone, but must consider the intra-annual variability.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Temporal dimensions of landscape ecology: Wildlife responses to variable resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-45447-4_10","usgsCitation":"Mooij, W.M., Martin, J., Kitchens, W.M., and DeAngelis, D., 2007, Exploring the temporal effects of seasonal water availability on the snail kite of Florida: Part III, chap. <i>of</i> Temporal dimensions of landscape ecology: Wildlife responses to variable resources, p. 155-173, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-45447-4_10.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"173","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science 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,{"id":70175149,"text":"70175149 - 2007 - USGS national surveys and analysis projects: Preliminary compilation of integrated geological datasets for the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-01T12:38:38","indexId":"70175149","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"USGS national surveys and analysis projects: Preliminary compilation of integrated geological datasets for the United States","docAbstract":"<p>The growth in the use of Geographic \u0018nformation Systems (G\u0018S) has highlighted the need for regional and national digital geologic maps attributed with age and rock type information. Such spatial data can be conveniently used to generate derivative maps for purposes that include mineral-resource assessment, metallogenic studies, tectonic studies, human health and environmental research. \u0018n 1997, the United States Geological Survey&rsquo;s Mineral Resources Program initiated an effort to develop national digital databases for use in mineral resource and environmental assessments. One primary activity of this effort was to compile a national digital geologic map database, utilizing state geologic maps, to support mineral resource studies in the range of 1:250,000- to&nbsp;1:1,000,000-scale. Over the course of the past decade, state databases were prepared using a common standard for the database structure, fields, attributes, and data dictionaries. As of late 2006, standardized geological map databases for all conterminous (CONUS) states have been available on-line as USGS Open-File Reports. For Alaska and Hawaii, new state maps are being prepared, and the preliminary work for Alaska is being released as a series of 1:500,000-scale regional compilations. See below for a list of all published databases.</p>","conferenceTitle":"Digital Mapping Techniques '06","conferenceDate":"June 11-14, 2006","conferenceLocation":"Columbus, OH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Nicholson, S.W., Stoeser, D.B., Wilson, F.H., Dicken, C., and Ludington, S., 2007, USGS national surveys and analysis projects: Preliminary compilation of integrated geological datasets for the United States, Digital Mapping Techniques '06, Columbus, OH, June 11-14, 2006, p. 1-7.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325869,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1285/pdf/Nicholson.pdf","text":"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1285/pdf/Nicholson.pdf","size":"18KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a072c0e4b060ce18fb2e62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nicholson, Suzanne W. 0000-0002-9365-1894 swnich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9365-1894","contributorId":880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Suzanne","email":"swnich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":644097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoeser, Douglas B. dstoeser@usgs.gov","contributorId":1821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeser","given":"Douglas","email":"dstoeser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dicken, Connie L. cdicken@usgs.gov","contributorId":4714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dicken","given":"Connie L.","email":"cdicken@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":644100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ludington, Steve","contributorId":106848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludington","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70168633,"text":"70168633 - 2007 - Response of western mountain ecosystems to climatic variability and change: The Western Mountain Initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:56:23","indexId":"70168633","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5057,"text":"Mountain Views","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of western mountain ecosystems to climatic variability and change: The Western Mountain Initiative","docAbstract":"<p>Mountain ecosystems within our national parks and other protected areas provide valuable goods and services such as clean water, biodiversity conservation, and recreational opportunities, but their potential responses to expected climatic changes are inadequately understood. The Western Mountain Initiative (WMI) is a collaboration of scientists whose research focuses on understanding and predicting responses of western mountain ecosystems to climatic variability and change. It is a legacy of the Global Change Research Program initiated by the National Park Service (NPS) in 1991 and continued by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to this day as part of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program (http://www.climatescience.gov/). 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