{"pageNumber":"2328","pageRowStart":"58175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70029936,"text":"70029936 - 2007 - Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029936","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":914,"text":"Astronomical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims","docAbstract":"During the summer of 2005, the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed a series of occultations of the star o Ceti (Mira) by Saturn's rings. These observations revealed pronounced variations in the optical depth of the A ring with longitude, which can be attributed to oriented structures in the rings known as self-gravity wakes. While the wakes themselves are only tens of meters across and below the resolution of the measurements, we are able to obtain information about the orientation and shapes of these structures by comparing the observed transmission at different longitudes with predictions from a simple model. Our findings include the following: (1) The orientation of the wakes varies systematically with radius, trailing by between 64?? and 72?? relative to the local radial direction. (2) The maximum transmission peaks at roughly 8% for B = 3.45?? in the middle A ring (???129,000 km). (3) Both the wake orientation and maximum transmission vary anomalously in the vicinity of two strong density waves (Janus 5:4 and Mimas 5:3). (4) The ratio of the wake vertical thickness H to the wake pattern wavelength ?? (assuming infinite, straight, regularly-spaced wake structures) varies from 0.12 to 0.09 across the A ring. Gravitational instability theory predicts ?? ??? 60 m, which suggests that the wake structures in the A ring are only ???6 m thick. ?? 2007. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Astronomical Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/516828","issn":"00046256","usgsCitation":"Hedman, M., Nicholson, P.D., Salo, H., Wallis, B., Buratti, B.J., Baines, K.H., Brown, R.H., and Clark, R.N., 2007, Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims: Astronomical Journal, v. 133, no. 6, p. 2624-2629, https://doi.org/10.1086/516828.","startPage":"2624","endPage":"2629","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477119,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/516828","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212749,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/516828"},{"id":240285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d00e4b08c986b318214","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedman, M.M.","contributorId":91694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedman","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salo, H.","contributorId":79303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salo","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallis, B.D.","contributorId":88562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70029933,"text":"70029933 - 2007 - Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029933","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas","docAbstract":"The effects of fire on vegetation vary based on the properties and amount of existing biomass (or fuel) in a forest stand, weather conditions, and topography. Identifying controls over the spatial patterning of fire-induced vegetation change, or fire severity, is critical in understanding fire as a landscape scale process. We use gridded estimates of fire severity, derived from Landsat ETM+ imagery, to identify the biotic and abiotic factors contributing to the observed spatial patterns of fire severity in two large natural fires. Regression tree analysis indicates the importance of weather, topography, and vegetation variables in explaining fire severity patterns between the two fires. Relative humidity explained the highest proportion of total sum of squares throughout the Hoover fire (Yosemite National Park, 2001). The lowest fire severity corresponded with increased relative humidity. For the Williams fire (Sequoia/Kings Canyon National Parks, 2003) dominant vegetation type explains the highest proportion of sum of squares. Dominant vegetation was also important in determining fire severity throughout the Hoover fire. In both fires, forest stands that were dominated by lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) burned at highest severity, while red fir (Abies magnifica) stands corresponded with the lowest fire severities. There was evidence in both fires that lower wind speed corresponded with higher fire severity, although the highest fire severity in the Williams fire occurred during increased wind speed. Additionally, in the vegetation types that were associated with lower severity, burn severity was lowest when the time since last fire was fewer than 11 and 17 years for the Williams and Hoover fires, respectively. Based on the factors and patterns identified, managers can anticipate the effects of management ignited and naturally ignited fires at the forest stand and the landscape levels. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Collins, B., Kelly, M., van Wagtendonk, J., and Stephens, S., 2007, Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas: Landscape Ecology, v. 22, no. 4, p. 545-557, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5.","startPage":"545","endPage":"557","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212690,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b949de4b08c986b31abad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, B.M.","contributorId":33925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, M.","contributorId":39585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Wagtendonk, J. W.","contributorId":85111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Wagtendonk","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stephens, S.L.","contributorId":85694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029930,"text":"70029930 - 2007 - Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029930","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States","docAbstract":"The classification of fish species tolerance to environmental disturbance is often used as a means to assess ecosystem conditions. Its use, however, may be problematic because the approach to tolerance classification is based on subjective judgment. We analyzed fish and physicochemical data from 773 stream sites collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program to calculate tolerance indicator values for 10 physicochemical variables using weighted averaging. Tolerance indicator values (TIVs) for ammonia, chloride, dissolved oxygen, nitrite plus nitrate, pH, phosphorus, specific conductance, sulfate, suspended sediment, and water temperature were calculated for 105 common fish species of the United States. Tolerance indicator values for specific conductance and sulfate were correlated (rho = 0.87), and thus, fish species may be co-tolerant to these water-quality variables. We integrated TIVs for each species into an overall tolerance classification for comparisons with judgment-based tolerance classifications. Principal components analysis indicated that the distinction between tolerant and intolerant classifications was determined largely by tolerance to suspended sediment, specific conductance, chloride, and total phosphorus. Factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH may not be as important in distinguishing between tolerant and intolerant classifications, but may help to segregate species classified as moderate. Empirically derived tolerance classifications were 58.8% in agreement with judgment-derived tolerance classifications. Canonical discriminant analysis revealed that few TIVs, primarily chloride, could discriminate among judgment-derived tolerance classifications of tolerant, moderate, and intolerant. To our knowledge, this is the first empirically based understanding of fish species tolerance for stream fishes in the United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Meador, M.R., and Carlisle, D., 2007, Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States: Ecological Indicators, v. 7, no. 2, p. 329-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004.","startPage":"329","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004"},{"id":240182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91efe4b0c8380cd80559","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, D.M.","contributorId":81059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029928,"text":"70029928 - 2007 - Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029928","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer","docAbstract":"Karst aquifers are uniquely vulnerable to contamination. In the Barton Springs segment of the karstic Edwards aquifer (Texas, U.S.A.), urban contaminants such as pesticides and volatile organic compounds frequently are detected in spring base flow. To determine whether contaminant concentrations change in response to storms, and if they therefore might act as tracers of focused recharge, samples were collected from Barton Springs at closely spaced intervals following three storms. Two herbicides (atrazine and simazine), two insecticides (carbaryl and diazinon), and a solvent (tetrachloroethene) described breakthrough curves over a 1-week period following one or more storms. The breakthrough curves were decomposed into two to five log-normal subcurves, which were interpreted as representing pulses of contaminants moving through the aquifer. Each subcurve could be used in the same way as an artificial tracer to determine travel time to and recovery at the spring. The contaminants have several advantages over artificial tracers: they represent the actual compounds of interest, they are injected essentially simultaneously at several points, and they are injected under those conditions when transport is of the most interest, i.e., following storms. The response of storm discharge, specific conductance, and contaminant loading at the spring depended on initial aquifer flow conditions, which varied from very low (spring discharge of 0.48??m3/s) to high (spring discharge of 2.7??m3/s): concentrations and recovery were the highest when initial aquifer flow conditions were low. This behavior provides information about aquifer structure and the influence of aquifer flow condition on transport properties. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Mahler, B., and Massei, N., 2007, Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 91, no. 1-2, p. 81-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010.","startPage":"81","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213095,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010"},{"id":240684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec58e4b0c8380cd491ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahler, B.","contributorId":32737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Massei, N.","contributorId":48347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massei","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029927,"text":"70029927 - 2007 - Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029927","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range","docAbstract":"Since their introduction to Guam shortly after World War II, brown tree snakes, Boiga irregularis (Merrem), have seriously impacted the biota and human population of the island. Understanding the biology of this exotic species will likely be important to the success of control programs. We compared the reproductive biology of 782 B. irregularis caught on Guam during the 1980s with results from published studies of native-range populations. Average and maximum sizes of mature snakes on Guam were larger than those from Australian populations. The majority of female brown tree snakes matured at snoutvent lengths (SVLs) of 910-1,025 mm, and most males matured at SVLs of 940-1,030 mm. on Guam. Based on growth rates from the early 1990s on Guam, sexual maturity is estimated to occur during a snake's third or fourth year. Only one female (0.3%) in our data set had oviductal eggs. Clutch size was estimated at 4.3 (SD = 2.2), based on large vitellogenic ovarian follicle (???30 mm in length) and oviductal egg counts. Unlike their Australian counterparts, the Guam population reproduced year-round. Our data offer insights into the likely reproductive patterns of brown tree snakes should they infest other islands in the Pacific region. ?? 2007 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00308870","usgsCitation":"Savidge, J.A., Qualls, F., and Rodda, G., 2007, Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range: Pacific Science, v. 61, no. 2, p. 191-199, https://doi.org/10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"191","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213068,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8bce4b0c8380cd85a51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qualls, F.J.","contributorId":76551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qualls","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031164,"text":"70031164 - 2007 - Characterizing hydraulic conductivity with the direct-push permeameter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70031164","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing hydraulic conductivity with the direct-push permeameter","docAbstract":"The direct-push permeameter (DPP) is a promising approach for obtaining high-resolution information about vertical variations in hydraulic conductivity (K) in shallow unconsolidated settings. This small-diameter tool, which consists of a short screened section with a pair of transducers inset in the tool near the screen, is pushed into the subsurface to a depth at which a K estimate is desired. A short hydraulic test is then performed by injecting water through the screen at a constant rate (less than 4 L/min) while pressure changes are monitored at the transducer locations. Hydraulic conductivity is calculated using the injection rate and the pressure changes in simple expressions based on Darcy's Law. In units of moderate or higher hydraulic conductivity (more than 1 m/d), testing at a single level can be completed within 10 to 15 min. Two major advantages of the method are its speed and the insensitivity of the K estimates to the zone of compaction created by tool advancement. The potential of the approach has been assessed at two extensively studied sites in the United States and Germany over a K range commonly faced in practical field investigations (0.02 to 500 m/d). The results of this assessment demonstrate that the DPP can provide high-resolution K estimates that are in good agreement with estimates obtained through other means. ?? 2007 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00300.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Butler, J., Dietrich, P., Wittig, V., and Christy, T., 2007, Characterizing hydraulic conductivity with the direct-push permeameter: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 4, p. 409-419, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00300.x.","startPage":"409","endPage":"419","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211434,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00300.x"},{"id":238720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4ffe4b0c8380cd4c01e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, J.J. Jr.","contributorId":12194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietrich, P.","contributorId":80074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietrich","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wittig, V.","contributorId":103468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wittig","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christy, T.","contributorId":63218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christy","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030991,"text":"70030991 - 2007 - Regional disconformities in Turonian and Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) strata in Colorado, Wyoming, and adjoining states - Biochronological evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-27T06:37:38","indexId":"70030991","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3310,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional disconformities in Turonian and Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) strata in Colorado, Wyoming, and adjoining states - Biochronological evidence","docAbstract":"Siliciclastic and calcareous sedimentary rocks of early Late Cretaceous age in the Western Interior of the United States have been assigned to, in ascending order, the Graneros Shale, Greenhorn Formation, Carlile Shale, Niobrara Formation, and their lateral equivalents (including members of the Frontier Formation and overlying formations). This sequence of formations was deposited intermittently within and near an epicontinental seaway during the Cenomanian, Turonian, and Coniacian stages of the Cretaceous. It encloses three conspicuous and widespread disconformities that reflect regional marine regressions and transgressions as well as moderate tectonism. The disconformities and associated lacunae occupy three large areas within Wyoming, Colorado, and adjoining states. In parts of that region, as in northwestern Wyoming, a lacuna can represent more than one period of erosion and more than a single disconformity. Evidence for these disconformities was obtained from about 175 collections of molluscan fossils and from sedimentological studies of outcrops and borehole logs, supplemented by previously published data.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wyoming Geology and Geophysics ","doi":"10.2113/gsrocky.42.2.95","issn":"15557332","usgsCitation":"Merewether, E.A., Cobban, W., and Obradovich, J.D., 2007, Regional disconformities in Turonian and Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) strata in Colorado, Wyoming, and adjoining states - Biochronological evidence: Rocky Mountain Geology, v. 42, no. 2, p. 95-122, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsrocky.42.2.95.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"122","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268085,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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 \"}}]}","volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4bee4b0e8fec6cdbc41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merewether, E. Allen merewether@usgs.gov","contributorId":3586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merewether","given":"E.","email":"merewether@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Allen","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cobban, William A.","contributorId":99529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobban","given":"William A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Obradovich, John D.","contributorId":84361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obradovich","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030982,"text":"70030982 - 2007 - Putting it all together: Exhumation histories from a formal combination of heat flow and a suite of thermochronometers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-28T11:13:35.268476","indexId":"70030982","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Putting it all together: Exhumation histories from a formal combination of heat flow and a suite of thermochronometers","docAbstract":"<p>A suite of new techniques in thermochronometry allow analysis of the thermal history of a sample over a broad range of temperature sensitivities. New analysis tools must be developed that fully and formally integrate these techniques, allowing a single geologic interpretation of the rate and timing of exhumation and burial events consistent with all data. We integrate a thermal model of burial and exhumation, (U-Th)/He age modeling, and fission track age and length modeling. We then use a genetic algorithm to efficiently explore possible time-exhumation histories of a vertical sample profile (such as a borehole), simultaneously solving for exhumation and burial rates as well as changes in background heat flow. We formally combine all data in a rigorous statistical fashion. By parameterizing the model in terms of exhumation rather than time-temperature paths (as traditionally done in fission track modeling), we can ensure that exhumation histories result in a sedimentary basin whose thickness is consistent with the observed basin, a physically based constraint that eliminates otherwise acceptable thermal histories. We apply the technique to heat flow and thermochronometry data from the 2.1 -km-deep San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth pilot hole near the San Andreas fault, California. We find that the site experienced &lt;1 km of exhumation or burial since the onset of San Andreas fault activity&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004725","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"d'Alessio, M., and Williams, C., 2007, Putting it all together: Exhumation histories from a formal combination of heat flow and a suite of thermochronometers: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 8, B08412, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004725.","productDescription":"B08412, 17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477000,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004725","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238937,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9049e4b0c8380cd7fc46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"d'Alessio, M. A.","contributorId":43159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"d'Alessio","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, C.F. 0000-0003-2196-5496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":20401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030584,"text":"70030584 - 2007 - The USGS national geothermal resource assessment: An update","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-30T11:06:49.800965","indexId":"70030584","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The USGS national geothermal resource assessment: An update","docAbstract":"The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) is working with the Department of Energy's (DOE) Geothermal Technologies Program and other geothermal organizations on a three-year effort to produce an updated assessment of available geothermal resources. The new assessment will introduce significant changes in the models for geothermal energy recovery factors, estimates of reservoir volumes, and limits to temperatures and depths for electric power production. It will also include the potential impact of evolving Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) technology. An important focus in the assessment project is on the development of geothermal resource models consistent with the production histories and observed characteristics of exploited geothermal fields. New models for the recovery of heat from heterogeneous, fractured reservoirs provide a physically realistic basis for evaluating the production potential of both natural geothermal reservoirs and reservoirs that may be created through the application of EGS technology. Project investigators have also made substantial progress studying geothermal systems and the factors responsible for their formation through studies in the Great Basin-Modoc Plateau region, Coso, Long Valley, the Imperial Valley and central Alaska, Project personnel are also entering the supporting data and resulting analyses into geospatial databases that will be produced as part of the resource assessment.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geothermal Resources Council - Annual Meeting of the Geothermal Resources Council 2007","conferenceDate":"September 30-Ocobter 3, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","issn":"01935","usgsCitation":"Williams, C., Reed, M., Galanis, S., and DeAngelo, J., 2007, The USGS national geothermal resource assessment: An update, <i>in</i> Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 31, Reno, NV, September 30-Ocobter 3, 2007, p. 99-104.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239075,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba954e4b08c986b3221c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, C.F. 0000-0003-2196-5496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":20401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, M.J.","contributorId":35308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galanis, S.P. Jr.","contributorId":55005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galanis","given":"S.P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeAngelo, J.","contributorId":27670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelo","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035597,"text":"70035597 - 2007 - Crustal structure of Wrangellia and adjacent terranes inferred from geophysical studies along a transect through the northern Talkeetna Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-16T12:21:48.020322","indexId":"70035597","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal structure of Wrangellia and adjacent terranes inferred from geophysical studies along a transect through the northern Talkeetna Mountains","docAbstract":"<p>Recent investigations of the Talkeetna Mountains in south-central Alaska were undertaken to study the region's framework geophysics and to reinterpret structures and crustal composition. Potential field (gravity and magnetic) and magnetotelluric (MT) data were collected along northwest-trending profiles as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Talkeetna Mountains transect project. The Talkeetna Mountains transect area comprises eight 1:63,360 quadrangles (∼9500 km<sup>2</sup>) in the Healy and Talkeetna Mountains 1° × 3° sheets that span four major lithostratigraphic terranes (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"I978-0-8137-2431-7-431-0-21-GLEN2\">Glen et al., this volume</a>) including the Wrangellia and Peninsular terranes and two Mesozoic overlap assemblages inboard (northwest) of Wrangellia. These data were used here to develop 2½-dimensional models for the three profiles.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(02)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Glen, J., Schmidt, J., Pellerin, L., McPhee, D., and O’Neill, J., 2007, Crustal structure of Wrangellia and adjacent terranes inferred from geophysical studies along a transect through the northern Talkeetna Mountains: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 431, p. 21-41, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(02).","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fceae4b0c8380cd4e4f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glen, J.M.G.","contributorId":38330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"J.M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, J.","contributorId":95713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pellerin, L.","contributorId":94073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McPhee, D.K.","contributorId":96775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Neill, J.M.","contributorId":85562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035414,"text":"70035414 - 2007 - Metallogeny of the nikolai large igneous province (LIP) in southern alaska and its influence on the mineral potential of the talkeetna mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035414","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metallogeny of the nikolai large igneous province (LIP) in southern alaska and its influence on the mineral potential of the talkeetna mountains","docAbstract":"Recent geologic mapping has identified areas of extrusive basalts of the Middle to Late Triassic Nikolai Greenstone within the Wrangellia terrane that extend at least 80 km southwest of their previously known extent. Abundant dolerite sills of similar composition intrude Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratigraphy below the Nikolai throughout the central Talkeetna Mountains. The Talkeetna Mountains, therefore, have newly identified potential for copper, nickel, and platinum-group elements (PGEs) as disseminated, net-textured, or massive magmatic sulfide deposits hosted in mafic and ultramafic sill-form complexes related to emplacement of the Nikolai. Because of their potential high grades, similar magmatic sulfide targets have been the focus of increasing mineral exploration activity over the last decade in the Amphitheater Mountains and central Alaska Range, 100-200 km to the northeast. The Nikolai Greenstone, associated intrusions, and their metamorphosed equivalents also have potential to host stratabound disseminated \"basaltic copper\" deposits. Sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks overlying the Nikolai have the potential to host stratabound, disseminated, or massive \"reduced-facies\" type Cu-Ag deposits. Ultramafic rocks have been identified only in the extreme northeastern Talkeetna Mountains to date. However, coincident gravity and magnetic highs along the leading (northwestern) edge of and within Wrangellia in the Talkeetna and Clearwater Mountains suggest several areas that are highly prospective for ultramafic rocks related to extrusion of Nikolai lavas. In particular, the distribution, geometry, and composition of sills within the pre-Nikolai stratigraphy and the structural and tectonic controls on intrusive versus extrusive rock distribution deserve serious examination. Copyright ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(24)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, J., and Rogers, R., 2007, Metallogeny of the nikolai large igneous province (LIP) in southern alaska and its influence on the mineral potential of the talkeetna mountains: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 431, p. 623-648, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(24).","startPage":"623","endPage":"648","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215347,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(24)"},{"id":243142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a54f0e4b0c8380cd6d09e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, J.M.","contributorId":97916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, R.K.","contributorId":93292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035407,"text":"70035407 - 2007 - A ground penetrating radar investigation of a glacial-marine ice- contact delta, Pineo Ridge, eastern coastal Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035407","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A ground penetrating radar investigation of a glacial-marine ice- contact delta, Pineo Ridge, eastern coastal Maine","docAbstract":"In eastern coastal Maine, many flat-topped landforms, often identified as glacial-marine deltas, are cultivated for blueberry production. These agriculturally valuable features are not exploited for aggregate resources, severely limiting stratigraphic exposure. Coring is often forbidden; where permissible, coarse-grained surficial sediments make coring and sediment retrieval difficult. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has become an invaluable tool in an ongoing study of the otherwise inaccessible subsurface morphology in this region and provides a means of detailing the large-scale sedimentary structures comprising these features. GPR studies allow us to reassess previous depositional interpretations and to develop alternative developmental models. The work presented here focuses on Pineo Ridge, a large, flat-topped ice-marginal glacial-marine delta complex with a strong linear trend and two distinct landform zones, informally termed East Pineo and West Pineo. Previous workers have described each zone separately due to local morphological variation. Our GPR work further substantiates this geomorphic differentiation. East Pineo developed as a series of deltaic lobes prograding southward from an ice-contact margin during the local marine highstand. GPR data do not suggest postdepositional modification by ice-margin re-advance. We suggest that West Pineo has a more complex, two-stage depositional history. The southern section of the feature consists of southward-prograding deltaic lobes deposited during retreat of the Laurentide ice margin, with later erosional modification during marine regression. The northern section of West Pineo formed as a series of northward-prograd- ing deltaic lobes as sediment-laden meltwater may have been diverted by the existing deposits of the southern section of West Pineo. ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2432(06)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Tary, A., Duncan, M.F., and Weddle, T., 2007, A ground penetrating radar investigation of a glacial-marine ice- contact delta, Pineo Ridge, eastern coastal Maine: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 432, p. 77-91, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2432(06).","startPage":"77","endPage":"91","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215315,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2432(06)"},{"id":243110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"432","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e40de4b0c8380cd463a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tary, A.K.","contributorId":11026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tary","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncan, M. FitzGerald","contributorId":26900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"FitzGerald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weddle, T.K.","contributorId":60002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weddle","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1003970,"text":"1003970 - 2007 - A comparative analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls  in southern sea otters that died of infectious diseases and noninfectious causes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-17T17:54:39.380395","indexId":"1003970","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparative analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls  in southern sea otters that died of infectious diseases and noninfectious causes","docAbstract":"<p>Southern sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>) from the California coast continue to exhibit a slower population regrowth rate than the population in Alaska. Infectious diseases have been identified as a frequent cause of death. Infectious diseases caused by varied pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and parasites were suggestive of compromised immunological health of mature animals in this population. To test the hypothesis that elevated exposure to immunotoxic contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contribute to disease susceptibility via immunosuppression, we determined concentrations of PBDEs and PCBs in livers of 80 adult female sea otters that died of infectious diseases, noninfectious causes, or emaciation. Concentrations of PBDEs and PCBs in sea otter livers varied widely <span>(10–26,800 ng/g and 81–210,000 ng/g, lipid weight, respectively)</span>. Concentrations of PBDEs in sea otters were some of the highest values reported for marine mammals so far. Although PCB concentrations in sea otters have declined during 1992-2002, the mean concentration was at the threshold at which adverse health effects are elicited. Concentrations of PBDEs and PCBs were significantly correlated, suggesting co-exposure of these contaminants in sea otters. No significant association was found between the concentrations of PBDEs and the health status of sea otters. Concentrations of PCBs were significantly higher in otters in the infectious disease category than in the noninfectious category, suggesting an association between elevated PCB concentrations and infectious diseases in Southern sea otters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-006-0251-8","usgsCitation":"Kannan, K., Perrota, E., Thomas, N., and Aldous, D., 2007, A comparative analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls  in southern sea otters that died of infectious diseases and noninfectious causes: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 53, no. 2, p. 293-302, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-006-0251-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"302","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, 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 \"}}]}","volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b1052","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kannan, K.","contributorId":71130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kannan","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perrota, E.","contributorId":52942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perrota","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, N. J. 0000-0002-0161-0391","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":49731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"N. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aldous, D.M.","contributorId":6829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldous","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035282,"text":"70035282 - 2007 - Seismic hazard and risk assessment in the intraplate environment: The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035282","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic hazard and risk assessment in the intraplate environment: The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States","docAbstract":"Although the causes of large intraplate earthquakes are still not fully understood, they pose certain hazard and risk to societies. Estimating hazard and risk in these regions is difficult because of lack of earthquake records. The New Madrid seismic zone is one such region where large and rare intraplate earthquakes (M = 7.0 or greater) pose significant hazard and risk. Many different definitions of hazard and risk have been used, and the resulting estimates differ dramatically. In this paper, seismic hazard is defined as the natural phenomenon generated by earthquakes, such as ground motion, and is quantified by two parameters: a level of hazard and its occurrence frequency or mean recurrence interval; seismic risk is defined as the probability of occurrence of a specific level of seismic hazard over a certain time and is quantified by three parameters: probability, a level of hazard, and exposure time. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), a commonly used method for estimating seismic hazard and risk, derives a relationship between a ground motion parameter and its return period (hazard curve). The return period is not an independent temporal parameter but a mathematical extrapolation of the recurrence interval of earthquakes and the uncertainty of ground motion. Therefore, it is difficult to understand and use PSHA. A new method is proposed and applied here for estimating seismic hazard in the New Madrid seismic zone. This method provides hazard estimates that are consistent with the state of our knowledge and can be easily applied to other intraplate regions. ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2425(24)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Wang, Z., 2007, Seismic hazard and risk assessment in the intraplate environment: The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 425, p. 363-374, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2425(24).","startPage":"363","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215459,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2425(24)"}],"issue":"425","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b15e4b08c986b31759a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Z.","contributorId":67976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035203,"text":"70035203 - 2007 - Neogene transpressional foreland basin development on the north side of the central alaska range, usibelli group and nenana gravel, tanana basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035203","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neogene transpressional foreland basin development on the north side of the central alaska range, usibelli group and nenana gravel, tanana basin","docAbstract":"Neogene strata of the Tanana basin provide a long-term record of a northwardpropagating, transpressional foreland-basin system related to regional shortening of the central Alaska Range and strike-slip displacement on the Denali fault system. These strata are ???2 km thick and have been deformed and exhumed in thrust faults that form the foothills on the north side of the Alaska Range. The lower part of the sedimentary package, the Usibelli Group, consists of 800 m of mainly Miocene strata that were deposited in fluvial, lacustrine, and peat bog environments of the foredeep depozone of the foreland-basin system. Compositional data from conglomerate and sandstone, as well as recycled Upper Cretaceous palynomorphs, indicate that the Miocene foreland-basin system was supplied increasing amounts of sediment from lithologies currently exposed in thrust sheets located south of the basin. The upper part of the sedimentary package, the Nenana Gravel, consists of 1200 m of mainly Pliocene strata that were deposited in alluvial-fan and braidplain environments in the wedge-top depozone of the foreland-basin system. Compositional data from conglomerate and sandstone, as well as <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar dating of detrital feldspars in sandstone and from granitic clasts in conglomerate, indicate that lithologies exposed in the central Alaska Range provided most of the detritus to the Pliocene foreland-basin system. 40Ar/39Ar dates from detrital feldspar grains also show that two main suites of plutons contributed sediment to the Nenana Gravel. Detrital feldspars with an average age of 56 Ma are interpreted to have been derived from the McKinley sequence of plutons located south of the Denali fault. Detrital feldspars with an average age of 34 Ma are interpreted to have been derived from plutons located north of the Denali fault. Plutons located south of the Denali fault provided detritus for the lower part of the Nenana Gravel, whereas plutons located north of the Denali fault began to contribute sediment during deposition of the upper part of the Nenana Gravel. This age distribution documented in detrital feldspars of the Nenana Gravel is interpreted as representing a progressive northward exhumation of plutons that were located south of the Pliocene Tanana basin. In contrast to previous studies, we interpret the Usibelli Group and Nenana Gravel to represent a continuum in the evolution of a transpressional foreland basin that began during Miocene time on the north side of the Alaska Range. Copyright ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(20)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Ridgway, K., Thoms, E., Layer, P., Lesh, M., White, J.M., and Smith, S.V., 2007, Neogene transpressional foreland basin development on the north side of the central alaska range, usibelli group and nenana gravel, tanana basin: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 431, p. 507-547, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(20).","startPage":"507","endPage":"547","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215244,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(20)"},{"id":243034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6454e4b0c8380cd7298c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ridgway, K.D.","contributorId":62792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridgway","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thoms, E.E.","contributorId":88969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thoms","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Layer, P.W.","contributorId":42398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layer","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lesh, M.E.","contributorId":53619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesh","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, J. M.","contributorId":40268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, S. V.","contributorId":89284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70030923,"text":"70030923 - 2007 - Variation in northern bobwhite demography along two temporal scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-07T10:59:24","indexId":"70030923","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3103,"text":"Population Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in northern bobwhite demography along two temporal scales","docAbstract":"Quantification and understanding of demographic variation across intra- and inter-annual temporal scales can benefit from the development of theoretical models of evolution and applied conservation of species. We used long-term survey data for northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) collected at the northern and southern extent of its geographic range to develop matrix population models which would allow investigation of intra- and inter-annual patterns in bobwhite population dynamics. We first evaluated intra-annual patterns in the importance of a seasonal demographic rate to asymptotic population growth rate with prospective perturbation analysis (elasticity analysis). We then conducted retrospective analysis (life table response experiments) of inter-annual patterns in the contribution of observed changes in demography to the observed change in population growth rate. Survival in the earliest age class during the nonbreeding season had the greatest potential influence in both the northern and southern populations. Examination of inter-annual variation in demography indicated that variation in nonbreeding season survival in the earliest age class contributed the most to observed changes in population growth rate in the northern population. In contrast, changes in fertility in the earliest age class in the southern population had the greatest influence on changes in population growth rate. Prospective elasticity analyses highlight the similarities in bobwhite demography throughout different parts of its geographic range, while retrospective life table response experiments revealed important patterns in the temporal differences of bobwhite life history at the northern and southern extent of its geographic range. ?? 2007 The Society of Population Ecology and Springer.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10144-007-0037-5","issn":"14383896","usgsCitation":"Folk, T., Holmes, R.R., and Grand, J.B., 2007, Variation in northern bobwhite demography along two temporal scales: Population Ecology, v. 49, no. 3, p. 211-219, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10144-007-0037-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211296,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10144-007-0037-5"}],"volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc15fe4b08c986b32a542","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Folk, T.H.","contributorId":50688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folk","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holmes, Randall R.","contributorId":201221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holmes","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":429249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030922,"text":"70030922 - 2007 - Differentiating pedogenesis from diagenesis in early terrestrial paleoweathering surfaces formed on granitic composition parent materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70030922","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differentiating pedogenesis from diagenesis in early terrestrial paleoweathering surfaces formed on granitic composition parent materials","docAbstract":"Unconformable surfaces separating Precambrian crystalline basement and overlying Proterozoic to Cambrian sedimentary rocks provide an exceptional opportunity to examine the role of primitive soil ecosystems in weathering and resultant formation of saprolite (weathered rock retaining rock structure) and regolith (weathered rock without rock structure), but many appear to have been affected by burial diagenesis and hydrothermal fluid flow, leading some researchers to discount their suitability for such studies. We examine one modern weathering profile (Cecil series), four Cambrian paleoweathering profiles from the North American craton (Squaw Creek, Franklin Mountains, Core SQ-8, and Core 4), one Neoproterozoic profile (Sheigra), and one late Paleoproterozoic profile (Baraboo), to test the hypothesis that these paleoweathering profiles do provide evidence of primitive terrestrial weathering despite their diagenetic and hydrothermal overprinting, especially additions of potassium. We employ an integrated approach using (1) detailed thin-section investigations to identify characteristic pedogenic features associated with saprolitization and formation of well-drained regoliths, (2) electron microprobe analysis to identify specific weathered and new mineral phases, and (3) geochemical mass balance techniques to characterize volume changes during weathering and elemental gains and losses of major and minor elements relative to the inferred parent materials. There is strong pedogenic evidence of paleoweathering, such as clay illuviation, sepic-plasmic fabrics, redoximorphic features, and dissolution and alteration of feldspars and mafic minerals to kaolinite, gibbsite, and Fe oxides, as well as geochemical evidence, such as whole-rock losses of Na, Ca, Mg, Si, Sr, Fe, and Mn greater than in modern profiles. Evidence of diagenesis includes net additions of K, Ba, and Rb determined through geochemical mass balance, K-feldspar overgrowths in overlying sandstone sections, and K-feldspars with reaction rims in weathered basement. The sub-Cambrian paleoweathering profiles formed on granite are remarkably similar to modern weathering profiles formed on granite, in spite of overprinting by potassium diagenesis. ?? 2007 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/518048","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Driese, S., Medaris, L., Ren, M., Runkel, A.C., and Langford, R., 2007, Differentiating pedogenesis from diagenesis in early terrestrial paleoweathering surfaces formed on granitic composition parent materials: Journal of Geology, v. 115, no. 4, p. 387-406, https://doi.org/10.1086/518048.","startPage":"387","endPage":"406","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211269,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/518048"},{"id":238532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0105e4b0c8380cd4fa56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Driese, S.G.","contributorId":53594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driese","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medaris, L.G. Jr.","contributorId":12258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medaris","given":"L.G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ren, M.","contributorId":62823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ren","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runkel, Anthony C.","contributorId":63186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Langford, R.P.","contributorId":70589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langford","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030915,"text":"70030915 - 2007 - Hazard assessment of the Tidal Inlet landslide and potential subsequent tsunami, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-26T12:08:19.693004","indexId":"70030915","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hazard assessment of the Tidal Inlet landslide and potential subsequent tsunami, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska","docAbstract":"<div id=\"Abs1-section\" class=\"c-article-section\"><div id=\"Abs1-content\" class=\"c-article-section__content\"><p>An unstable rock slump, estimated at 5 to 10 × 10<sup>6</sup>&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>, lies perched above the northern shore of Tidal Inlet in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. This landslide mass has the potential to rapidly move into Tidal Inlet and generate large, long-period-impulse tsunami waves. Field and photographic examination revealed that the landslide moved between 1892 and 1919 after the retreat of the Little Ice Age glaciers from Tidal Inlet in 1890. Global positioning system measurements over a 2-year period show that the perched mass is presently moving at 3–4&nbsp;cm annually indicating the landslide remains unstable. Numerical simulations of landslide-generated waves suggest that in the western arm of Glacier Bay, wave amplitudes would be greatest near the mouth of Tidal Inlet and slightly decrease with water depth according to Green’s law. As a function of time, wave amplitude would be greatest within approximately 40&nbsp;min of the landslide entering water, with significant wave activity continuing for potentially several hours.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-007-0084-1","issn":"1612510X","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, G.F., Geist, E., Motyka, R., and Jakob, M., 2007, Hazard assessment of the Tidal Inlet landslide and potential subsequent tsunami, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska: Landslides, v. 4, no. 3, p. 205-215, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-007-0084-1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"215","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238964,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -138.2661646509066,\n              60.084483896083896\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.2661646509066,\n              57.37268391158136\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.48983440780475,\n              57.37268391158136\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.48983440780475,\n              60.084483896083896\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.2661646509066,\n              60.084483896083896\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2fc4e4b0c8380cd5d080","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, G. F.","contributorId":50143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"G.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Motyka, R.J.","contributorId":49594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motyka","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jakob, M.","contributorId":26513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakob","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030575,"text":"70030575 - 2007 - Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70030575","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment","docAbstract":"Recent expansions by Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) into nonforested habitats across the Intermountain West have required managers to reconsider the traditional paradigms of forage and cover as they relate to managing elk and their habitats. We examined seasonal habitat selection patterns of a hunted elk population in a nonforested high-desert region of southwestern Wyoming, USA. We used 35,246 global positioning system locations collected from 33 adult female elk to model probability of use as a function of 6 habitat variables: slope, aspect, elevation, habitat diversity, distance to shrub cover, and distance to road. We developed resource selection probability functions for individual elk, and then we averaged the coefficients to estimate population-level models for summer and winter periods. We used the population-level models to generate predictive maps by assigning pixels across the study area to 1 of 4 use categories (i.e., high, medium-high, medium-low, or low), based on quartiles of the predictions. Model coefficients and predictive maps indicated that elk selected for summer habitats characterized by higher elevations in areas of high vegetative diversity, close to shrub cover, northerly aspects, moderate slopes, and away from roads. Winter habitat selection patterns were similar, except elk shifted to areas with lower elevations and southerly aspects. We validated predictive maps by using 528 locations collected from an independent sample of radiomarked elk (n = 55) and calculating the proportion of locations that occurred in each of the 4 use categories. Together, the high- and medium-high use categories of the summer and winter predictive maps contained 92% and 74% of summer and winter elk locations, respectively. Our population-level models and associated predictive maps were successful in predicting winter and summer habitat use by elk in a nonforested environment. In the absence of forest cover, elk seemed to rely on a combination of shrubs, topography, and low human disturbance to meet their thermal and hiding cover requirements.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-131","issn":"00225","usgsCitation":"Sawyer, H., Nielson, R.M., Lindzey, F., Keith, L., Powell, J., and Abraham, A., 2007, Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 3, p. 868-874, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-131.","startPage":"868","endPage":"874","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212104,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-131"},{"id":239527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f26e4b0c8380cd5cb29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sawyer, H.","contributorId":59910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielson, R. M.","contributorId":22967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindzey, F.G.","contributorId":12660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindzey","given":"F.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keith, L.","contributorId":77866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powell, J.H.","contributorId":60018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abraham, A.A.","contributorId":103082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70030870,"text":"70030870 - 2007 - Detection of group 1 coronaviruses in bats in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-25T16:54:01.481054","indexId":"70030870","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1493,"text":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection of group 1 coronaviruses in bats in North America","docAbstract":"The epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was caused by a newly emerged coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Bats of several species in southern People's Republic of China harbor SARS-like CoVs and may be reservoir hosts for them. To determine whether bats in North America also harbor coronaviruses, we used reverse transcription-PCR to detect coronavirus RNA in bats. We found coronavirus RNA in 6 of 28 fecal specimens from bats of 2 of 7 species tested. The prevalence of viral RNA shedding was high: 17% in Eptesicus fuscus and 50% in Myotis occultus. Sequence analysis of a 440-bp amplicon in gene 1b showed that these Rocky Mountain bat coronaviruses formed 3 clusters in phylogenetic group 1 that were distinct from group 1 coronaviruses of Asian bats. Because of the potential for bat coronaviruses to cause disease in humans and animals, further surveillance and characterization of bat coronaviruses in North America are needed.","language":"English","publisher":"National Center for Biotechnology Information","doi":"10.3201/eid1309.070491","issn":"10806040","usgsCitation":"Dominguez, S., O'Shea, T., Oko, L., and Holmes, K., 2007, Detection of group 1 coronaviruses in bats in North America: Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 13, no. 9, p. 1295-1300, https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1309.070491.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1295","endPage":"1300","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477197,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1309.070491","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -169.8046875,\n              61.60639637138628\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.2578125,\n              46.800059446787316\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.4375,\n              15.623036831528264\n            ],\n            [\n              -61.17187499999999,\n              15.961329081596647\n            ],\n            [\n              -51.67968749999999,\n              50.064191736659104\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.4453125,\n              74.59010800882325\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.796875,\n              78.27820145542813\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.9375,\n              71.85622888185527\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.8046875,\n              61.60639637138628\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff75e4b0c8380cd4f1d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dominguez, S.R.","contributorId":103469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dominguez","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oko, L.M.","contributorId":12687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oko","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holmes, K.V.","contributorId":47577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"K.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030864,"text":"70030864 - 2007 - Reproductive phenologies in a diverse temperate ant fauna","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70030864","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1455,"text":"Ecological Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive phenologies in a diverse temperate ant fauna","docAbstract":"1. Ant nuptial flights are central to understanding ant life history and ecology but have been little studied. This study examined the timing of nuptial flights, the synchronicity of nuptial flights (as a potential index of mating strategy), and variation in nuptial flights with elevation and among years in a diverse temperate ant fauna. 2. Flights occurred throughout the year, but were concentrated in the beginning of summer and in early fall (autumn). Relative to the entire flight season, closely related species tended to be more likely than expected by chance to fly at similar times, perhaps because of phylogenetic constraints on life history evolution. 3. Flights were relatively synchronous within species for nearly all species considered, but synchronicity did not appear to be a robust estimate of overall mating strategy. 4. Overall patterns in nuptial flights among species and the timing of flights for individual species varied with elevation, but did not vary greatly among years. 5. Although this study is one of the most comprehensive on the reproductive flight phenologies of ants, much remains to be learned about the causes and consequences of such spatial and temporal variation in flight phenology. ?? 2007 The Royal Entomological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Entomology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2311.2006.00839.x","issn":"03076946","usgsCitation":"Dunn, R., Parker, C., Geraghty, M., and Sanders, N., 2007, Reproductive phenologies in a diverse temperate ant fauna: Ecological Entomology, v. 32, no. 2, p. 135-142, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.2006.00839.x.","startPage":"135","endPage":"142","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211415,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.2006.00839.x"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8d9e4b0c8380cd85ada","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunn, R.R.","contributorId":45111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunn","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parker, C.R.","contributorId":21892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geraghty, M.","contributorId":87360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geraghty","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanders, N.J.","contributorId":61639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031358,"text":"70031358 - 2007 - A cold phase of the East Pacific triggers new phytoplankton blooms in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T08:35:32","indexId":"70031358","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A cold phase of the East Pacific triggers new phytoplankton blooms in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p>Ecological observations sustained over decades often reveal abrupt changes in biological communities that signal altered ecosystem states. We report a large shift in the biological communities of San Francisco Bay, first detected as increasing phytoplankton biomass and occurrences of new seasonal blooms that began in 1999. This phytoplankton increase is paradoxical because it occurred in an era of decreasing wastewater nutrient inputs and reduced nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, contrary to the guiding paradigm that algal biomass in estuaries increases in proportion to nutrient inputs from their watersheds. Coincidental changes included sharp declines in the abundance of bivalve mollusks, the key phytoplankton consumers in this estuary, and record high abundances of several bivalve predators: Bay shrimp, English sole, and Dungeness crab. The phytoplankton increase is consistent with a trophic cascade resulting from heightened predation on bivalves and suppression of their filtration control on phytoplankton growth. These community changes in San Francisco Bay across three trophic levels followed a state change in the California Current System characterized by increased upwelling intensity, amplified primary production, and strengthened southerly flows. These diagnostic features of the East Pacific \"cold phase\" lead to strong recruitment and immigration of juvenile flatfish and crustaceans into estuaries where they feed and develop. This study, built from three decades of observation, reveals a previously unrecognized mechanism of ocean-estuary connectivity. Interdecadal oceanic regime changes can propagate into estuaries, altering their community structure and efficiency of transforming land-derived nutrients into algal biomass.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0706151104","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., Jassby, A.D., Thompson, J.K., and Hieb, K., 2007, A cold phase of the East Pacific triggers new phytoplankton blooms in San Francisco Bay: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 104, no. 47, p. 18561-18565, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706151104.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"18561","endPage":"18565","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477147,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706151104","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706151104"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.64862060546875,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.74362182617188,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.74362182617188,\n              38.238180119798635\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.64862060546875,\n              38.238180119798635\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.64862060546875,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db2ee4b0589fa1c7e66b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jassby, Alan D.","contributorId":66403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hieb, Kathryn","contributorId":174609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hieb","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":431183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031357,"text":"70031357 - 2007 - Integrated geophysical survey in defining subsidence features on a golf course","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70031357","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2323,"text":"Journal of Geophysics and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated geophysical survey in defining subsidence features on a golf course","docAbstract":"Subsidence was observed at several places on the Salina Municipal Golf Course in areas known to be built over a landfill in Salina, Kansas. High-resolution magnetic survey (???5400 m2), multi-channel electrical resistivity profiling (three 154 m lines) and microgravity profiling (23 gravity-station values) were performed on a subsidence site (Green 16) to aid in determining boundaries and density deficiency of the landfill in the vicinity of the subsidence. Horizontal boundaries of the landfill were confidently defined by both magnetic anomalies and the pseudo-vertical gradient of total field magnetic anomalies. Furthermore, the pseudo-vertical gradient of magnetic anomalies presented a unique anomaly at Green 16, which provided a criterion for predicting other spots with subsidence potential using the same gradient property. Results of multi-channel electrical resistivity profiling (ERP) suggested the bottom limit of the landfill at Green 16 was around 21 m below the ground surface based on the vertical gradient of electric resistivity and a priori information on the depth of the landfill. ERP results also outlined several possible landfill bodies based on their low resistivity values. Microgravity results suggested a -0.14 g cm-3 density deficiency at Green 16 that could equate to future surface subsidence of as much as 1.5 m due to gradual compaction. ?? 2007 Nanjing Institute of Geophysical Prospecting.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysics and Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1088/1742-2132/4/4/010","issn":"17422132","usgsCitation":"Xia, J., and Miller, R., 2007, Integrated geophysical survey in defining subsidence features on a golf course: Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, v. 4, no. 4, p. 443-451, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/4/4/010.","startPage":"443","endPage":"451","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476952,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/4/4/010","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212617,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/4/4/010"},{"id":240131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c62e4b0c8380cd62cc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031353,"text":"70031353 - 2007 - Consequences of land-cover misclassification in models of impervious surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-10T17:53:07.880351","indexId":"70031353","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consequences of land-cover misclassification in models of impervious surface","docAbstract":"Model estimates of impervious area as a function of landcover area may be biased and imprecise because of errors in the land-cover classification. This investigation of the effects of land-cover misclassification on impervious surface models that use National Land Cover Data (NLCD) evaluates the consequences of adjusting land-cover within a watershed to reflect uncertainty assessment information. Model validation results indicate that using error-matrix information to adjust land-cover values used in impervious surface models does not substantially improve impervious surface predictions. Validation results indicate that the resolution of the landcover data (Level I and Level II) is more important in predicting impervious surface accurately than whether the land-cover data have been adjusted using information in the error matrix. Level I NLCD, adjusted for land-cover misclassification, is preferable to the other land-cover options for use in models of impervious surface. This result is tied to the lower classification error rates for the Level I NLCD. ?? 2007 American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","doi":"10.14358/PERS.73.12.1343","usgsCitation":"McMahon, G., 2007, Consequences of land-cover misclassification in models of impervious surface: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 73, no. 12, p. 1343-1353, https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.73.12.1343.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1343","endPage":"1353","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477076,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.73.12.1343","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240061,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9d5e4b0c8380cd4d7e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70031350,"text":"70031350 - 2007 - The distribution, occurrence and environmental effect of mercury in Chinese coals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70031350","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The distribution, occurrence and environmental effect of mercury in Chinese coals","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) is a toxic, persistent, and globally distributed pollutant due to its characteristic properties such as low melting and boiling points, conversion between chemical forms and participation in biological cycles. During combustion mercury in coal is almost totally emitted to the atmosphere. With a huge amount of coal consumed, coal combustion is one of the main anthropogenic sources of this element in the environment. In this study, Hg data of 1699 coal samples of China has been compiled, and the concentration, distribution, modes of occurrence, and the impact of Hg emissions on the environment are investigated. Most Chinese coals have Hg content in the range of 0.1 to 0.3??ppm, with an average of 0.19??ppm, which is slightly higher than the average Hg content of world coals and is close to that of the U.S. coals. The Hg content in coals varies in different coal basins, geological ages and coal ranks. The most likely mode of occurrences of Hg in high-sulfur and high Hg content coals is as solid solution in pyrite. But in low-sulfur coals, modes of occurrence of Hg are variable, and the organic-bound and sulfide-bound Hg may dominate. Silicate-bound Hg may be the main form in some coals because of magmatic intrusion. Mercury emissions during coal combustion have resulted in serious environmental contamination in China, particularly in the northeastern and southwestern China, where a high Hg content in the atmosphere occurs. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.05.037","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Zheng, L., Liu, G., and Chou, C.L., 2007, The distribution, occurrence and environmental effect of mercury in Chinese coals: Science of the Total Environment, v. 384, no. 1-3, p. 374-383, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.05.037.","startPage":"374","endPage":"383","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212525,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.05.037"},{"id":240022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"384","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baae1e4b08c986b322a8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zheng, Lingyun","contributorId":68495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"Lingyun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}