Mesozoic continental arcs in the North American Cordillera were examined here to establish a baseline model for Phanerozoic continent formation. We combine new trace-element data on lower crustal xenoliths from the Mesozoic Sierra Nevada Batholith with an extensive grid-based geochemical map of the Peninsular Ranges Batholith, the southern equivalent of the Sierras. Collectively, these observations give a three-dimensional view of the crust, which permits the petrogenesis and tectonics of Phanerozoic crust formation to be linked in space and time. Subduction of the Farallon plate beneath North America during the Triassic to early Cretaceous was characterized by trench retreat and slab rollback because old and cold oceanic lithosphere was being subducted. This generated an extensional subduction zone, which created fringing island arcs just off the Paleozoic continental margin. However, as the age of the Farallon plate at the time of subduction decreased, the extensional environment waned, allowing the fringing island arc to accrete onto the continental margin. With continued subduction, a continental arc was born and a progressively more compressional environment developed as the age of subducting slab continued to young. Refinement into a felsic crust occurred after accretion, that is, during the continental arc stage, wherein a thickened crustal and lithospheric column permitted a longer differentiation column. New basaltic arc magmas underplate and intrude the accreted terrane, suture, and former continental margin. Interaction of these basaltic magmas with pre-existing crust and lithospheric mantle created garnet pyroxenitic mafic cumulates by fractional crystallization at depth as well as gabbroic and garnet pyroxenitic restites at shallower levels by melting of pre-existing lower crust. The complementary felsic plutons formed by these deep-seated differentiation processes rose into the upper crust, stitching together the accreted terrane, suture and former continental margin. The mafic cumulates and restites, owing to their high densities, eventually foundered into the mantle, leaving behind a more felsic crust. Our grid-based sampling allows us to estimate an unbiased average upper crustal composition for the Peninsular Ranges Batholith. Major and trace-element compositions are very similar to global continental crust averaged over space and time, but in detail, the Peninsular Ranges are slightly lower in compatible to mildly incompatible elements, MgO, Mg#, V, Sc, Co, and Cr. The compositional similarities suggest a strong arc component in global continental crust, but the slight discrepancies suggest that additional crust formation processes are also important in continent formation as a whole. Finally, the delaminated Sierran garnet pyroxenites have some of the lowest U/Pb ratios ever measured for silicate rocks. Such material, if recycled and stored in the deep mantle, would generate a reservoir with very unradiogenic Pb, providing one solution to the global Pb isotope paradox.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2007.09.025","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Lee, C., Morton, D.M., Kistler, R.W., and Baird, A.K., 2007, Petrology and tectonics of Phanerozoic continent formation: From island arcs to accretion and continental arc magmatism: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 263, no. 3-4, p. 370-387, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.09.025.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"370","endPage":"387","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240007,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"263","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a782be4b0c8380cd7865b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, C.-T.A.","contributorId":20549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"C.-T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, D. M.","contributorId":54608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kistler, R. W.","contributorId":36112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kistler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baird, A. K.","contributorId":65148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baird","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031602,"text":"70031602 - 2007 - Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR gill expression after seawater transfer in smolts (0+) of different Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) families","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70031602","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR gill expression after seawater transfer in smolts (0+) of different Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) families","docAbstract":"Smoltification involves morphological and physiological changes in the gills that prepare anadromous salmonids to osmoregulate efficiently in seawater. In a previous study, we found that different families of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts vary in their ability to osmoregulate when abruptly transferred to cold seawater and that these differences are correlated with gill Na+/K+ ATPase activity. Here we extend these findings to test whether other key transport proteins, namely Na+/K+/2Cl- contransporter (NKCC) and the Cl- channel or cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), play a significant role in osmoregulatory differences between families. To facilitate molecular analysis of NKCC, we first isolated a gill cDNA containing the complete coding region (1147 aa) of an isoform previously reported as a partial sequence. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this isoform is most closely related to isoforms of the NKCC1a subfamily found in European eel and Mozambique tilapia. In a second step, we quantified NKCC protein abundance as well as mRNA expression levels for NKCC1a and two CFTR isoforms (CFTRI and CFTRII) in 0+ smolts from three families prior to and following seawater transfer. The family with the lowest salinity tolerance also showed significant increases in gill NKCC1a mRNA after seawater transfer. Taken together with our previous study, these data indicate that family differences in expression of transport proteins are in part related to salinity tolerance, although the best indicator of osmoregulatory performance between families may be gill Na+/K+ ATPase activity and CFTR I mRNA levels, rather than Na+/K+ ATPase and NKCC1a mRNA levels or NKCC protein abundance. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquaculture","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.08.032","issn":"00448486","usgsCitation":"Mackie, P., Gharbi, K., Ballantyne, J., McCormick, S., and Wright, P., 2007, Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR gill expression after seawater transfer in smolts (0+) of different Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) families: Aquaculture, v. 272, no. 1-4, p. 625-635, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.08.032.","startPage":"625","endPage":"635","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212184,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.08.032"},{"id":239634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"272","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a617ce4b0c8380cd719c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mackie, P.M.","contributorId":30036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mackie","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gharbi, K.","contributorId":79706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gharbi","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballantyne, J.S.","contributorId":47582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballantyne","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wright, P.A.","contributorId":80901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031597,"text":"70031597 - 2007 - Climatic fluctuations and forecasting of streamflow in the lower Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T11:30:24","indexId":"70031597","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic fluctuations and forecasting of streamflow in the lower Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"Water-resource managers need to forecast streamflow in the Lower Colorado River Basin to plan for water-resource projects and to operate reservoirs for water supply. Statistical forecasts of streamflow based on historical records of streamflow can be useful, but statistical assumptions, such as stationarity of flows, need to be evaluated. This study evaluated the relation between climatic fluctuations and stationarity and developed regression equations to forecast streamflow by using climatic fluctuations as explanatory variables. Climatic fluctuations were represented by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). Historical streamflow within the 25- to 30-year positive or negative phases of AMO or PDO was generally stationary. Monotonic trends in annual mean flows were tested at the 21 sites evaluated in this study; 76% of the sites had no significant trends within phases of AMO and 86% of the sites had no significant trends within phases of PDO. As climatic phases shifted in signs, however, many sites had nonstationary flows; 67% of the sites had significant changes in annual mean flow as AMO shifted in signs. The regression equations developed in this study to forecast streamflow incorporate these shifts in climate and streamflow, thus that source of nonstationarity is accounted for. The R 2 value of regression equations that forecast individual years of annual flow for the central part of the study area ranged from 0.28 to 0.49 and averaged 0.39. AMO was the most significant variable, and a combination of indices from both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans explained much more variation in flows than only the Pacific Ocean indices. The average R2 value for equations with PDO and SOI was 0.15. ?? 2007 American Water Resources Association.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00127.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Thomas, B.E., 2007, Climatic fluctuations and forecasting of streamflow in the lower Colorado River Basin: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 6, p. 1550-1569, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00127.x.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1550","endPage":"1569","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212604,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00127.x"}],"volume":"43","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f665e4b0c8380cd4c733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, B. E.","contributorId":90767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031594,"text":"70031594 - 2007 - Population density, biomass, and age-class structure of the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea in rivers of the lower San Joaquin River watershed, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-05T12:17:18.464508","indexId":"70031594","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population density, biomass, and age-class structure of the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea in rivers of the lower San Joaquin River watershed, California","docAbstract":"Corbicula fluminea is well known as an invasive filter-feeding freshwater bivalve with a variety of effects on ecosystem processes. However, C. fluminea has been relatively unstudied in the rivers of the western United States. In June 2003, we sampled C. fluminea at 16 sites in the San Joaquin River watershed of California, which was invaded by C. fluminea in the 1940s. Corbicula fluminea was common in 2 tributaries to the San Joaquin River, reaching densities of 200 clams · m−2, but was rare in the San Joaquin River. Biomass followed a similar pattern. Clams of the same age were shorter in the San Joaquin River than in the tributaries. Distribution of clams was different in the 2 tributaries, but the causes of the difference are unknown. The low density and biomass of clams in the San Joaquin River was likely due to stressful habitat or to water quality, because food was abundant. The success of C. fluminea invasions and subsequent effects on trophic processes likely depends on multiple factors. As C. fluminea continues to expand its range around the world, questions regarding invasion success and effects on ecosystems will become important in a wide array of environmental settings.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[572:PDBAAS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., Thompson, J.K., Higgins, K., and Lucas, L.V., 2007, Population density, biomass, and age-class structure of the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea in rivers of the lower San Joaquin River watershed, California: Western North American Naturalist, v. 67, no. 4, p. 572-586, https://doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[572:PDBAAS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"572","endPage":"586","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489791,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol67/iss4/10","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240074,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.41195439667275,\n 38.415598404027605\n ],\n [\n -122.41195439667275,\n 37.69791363010357\n ],\n [\n -121.25888467133896,\n 37.69791363010357\n ],\n [\n -121.25888467133896,\n 38.415598404027605\n ],\n [\n -122.41195439667275,\n 38.415598404027605\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d3be4b0c8380cd79e1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higgins, K.","contributorId":32734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lucas, Lisa V.","contributorId":80992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031630,"text":"70031630 - 2007 - Consistency of L4 TM absolute calibration with respect to the L5 TM sensor based on near-simultaneous image acquisition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-17T16:27:34.255739","indexId":"70031630","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Consistency of L4 TM absolute calibration with respect to the L5 TM sensor based on near-simultaneous image acquisition","docAbstract":"The Landsat archive provides more than 35 years of uninterrupted multispectral remotely sensed data of Earth observations. Since 1972, Landsat missions have carried different types of sensors, from the Return Beam Vidicon (RBV) camera to the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). However, the Thematic Mapper (TM) sensors on Landsat 4 (L4) and Landsat 5 (L5), launched in 1982 and 1984 respectively, are the backbone of an extensive archive. Effective April 2, 2007, the radiometric calibration of L5 TM data processed and distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) was updated to use an improved lifetime gain model, based on the instrument's detector response to pseudo-invariant desert site data and cross-calibration with the L7 ETM+. However, no modifications were ever made to the radiometric calibration procedure of the Landsat 4 (L4) TM data. The L4 TM radiometric calibration procedure has continued to use the Internal Calibrator (IC) based calibration algorithms and the post calibration dynamic ranges, as previously defined. To evaluate the \"current\" absolute accuracy of these two sensors, image pairs from the L5 TM and L4 TM sensors were compared. The number of coincident image pairs in the USGS EROS archive is limited, so the scene selection for the cross-calibration studies proved to be a challenge. Additionally, because of the lack of near-simultaneous images available over well-characterized and traditionally used calibration sites, alternate sites that have high reflectance, large dynamic range, high spatial uniformity, high sun elevation, and minimal cloud cover were investigated. The alternate sites were identified in Yuma, Iraq, Egypt, Libya, and Algeria. The cross-calibration approach involved comparing image statistics derived from large common areas observed eight days apart by the two sensors. This paper summarizes the average percent differences in reflectance estimates obtained between the two sensors. The work presented in this paper is a first step in understanding the current performance of L4 TM absolute calibration and potentially serves as a platform to revise and improve the radiometric calibration procedures implemented for the processing of L4 TM data.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Earth Observing Systems XII","conferenceDate":"Aug 26-28, 2007","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.734208","usgsCitation":"Chander, G., Helder, D., Malla, R., Micijevic, E., and Mettler, C.J., 2007, Consistency of L4 TM absolute calibration with respect to the L5 TM sensor based on near-simultaneous image acquisition, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 6677, San Diego, CA, Aug 26-28, 2007, 66770F, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734208.","productDescription":"66770F","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6677","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa00e4b0c8380cd4d87d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helder, D. L. 0000-0002-7379-4679","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-4679","contributorId":51496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helder","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malla, R.","contributorId":9866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malla","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Micijevic, E. 0000-0002-3828-9239","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-9239","contributorId":59939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Micijevic","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mettler, C. J.","contributorId":65670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mettler","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031607,"text":"70031607 - 2007 - Prescribed fire and cutting as tools for reducing woody plant succession in a created salt marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031607","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prescribed fire and cutting as tools for reducing woody plant succession in a created salt marsh","docAbstract":"This paper reports on efforts to reduce woody successional growth by the native shrub Iva frutescens L. in a created salt marsh by using prescribed fire and cutting. Experimental treatments included a winter burn, cutting plants at ground level, and a combination burn-and-cut treatment, with replicate plots of each. Iva frutescens proved to be extremely hardy, with zero mortality following the cutting, burning, or combination treatment; similar levels of regrowth were observed for all treatments. Individual shrub response, however, was found to be related to initial plant size, ground water level and salinity, and two fire characteristics (total heating >60??C and total heat index >60??C). Fire severity, sediment nutrient concentrations, and other abiotic factors had no observable effects. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11273-007-9039-5","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"Owens, A., Proffitt, C., and Grace, J., 2007, Prescribed fire and cutting as tools for reducing woody plant succession in a created salt marsh: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 15, no. 5, p. 405-416, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-007-9039-5.","startPage":"405","endPage":"416","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212244,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-007-9039-5"},{"id":239703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b30e4b0c8380cd7e1a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Owens, A.B.","contributorId":24156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Proffitt, C.E. 0000-0002-0845-8441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8441","contributorId":47339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031992,"text":"70031992 - 2007 - Effects of acid-volatile sulfide on metal bioavailability and toxicity to midge (Chironomus tentans) larvae in black shale sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70031992","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of acid-volatile sulfide on metal bioavailability and toxicity to midge (Chironomus tentans) larvae in black shale sediments","docAbstract":"Metal bioavailability and toxicity to aquatic organisms are greatly affected by variables such as pH, hardness, organic matter, and sediment acid-volatile sulfide (AVS). Sediment AVS, which reduces metal bioavailability and toxicity by binding and immobilizing metals as insoluble sulfides, has been studied intensely in recent years. Few studies, however, have determined the spatial variability of AVS and its interaction with simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) in sediments containing elevated concentrations of metals resulting from natural geochemical processes, such as weathering of black shales. We collected four sediment samples from each of four headwater bedrock streams in northcentral Arkansa (USA; three black shale-draining streams and one limestone-draining stream). We conducted 10-d acute whole-sediment toxicity tests using the midge Chironomus tentans and performed analyses for AVS, total metals, SEMs, and organic carbon. Most of the sediments from shale-draining streams had similar total metal and SEM concentrations but considerable differences in organic carbon and AVS. Zinc was the leading contributor to the SEM molar sum, averaging between 68 and 74%, whereas lead and cadmium contributed less than 3%. The AVS concentration was very low in all but two samples from one of the shale streams, and the sum of the SEM concentrations was in molar excess of AVS for all shale stream sediments. No significant differences in mean AVS concentrations between sediments collected from shale-draining or limestone-draining sites were noted (p > 0.05). Midge survival and growth in black shale-derived sediments were significantly less (p < 0.001) than that of limestone-derived sediments. On the whole, either SEM alone or SEM-AVS explained the total variation in midge survival and growth about equally well. However, survival and growth were significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the two sediment samples that contained measurable AVS compared with the two sediments from the same stream that contained negligible AVS. ?? 2007 SETAC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1897/06-080R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Ogendi, G., Brumbaugh, W.G., Hannigan, R., and Farris, J., 2007, Effects of acid-volatile sulfide on metal bioavailability and toxicity to midge (Chironomus tentans) larvae in black shale sediments: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 2, p. 325-334, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-080R.1.","startPage":"325","endPage":"334","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214811,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/06-080R.1"},{"id":242563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0679e4b0c8380cd5126f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ogendi, G.M.","contributorId":39600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogendi","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brumbaugh, W. G.","contributorId":106441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":434028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hannigan, R.E.","contributorId":55226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hannigan","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farris, J.L.","contributorId":88849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031564,"text":"70031564 - 2007 - Sequential solvent extraction for the modes of occurrence of selenium in coals of different ranks from the Huaibei Coalfield, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031564","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1755,"text":"Geochemical Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sequential solvent extraction for the modes of occurrence of selenium in coals of different ranks from the Huaibei Coalfield, China","docAbstract":"Forms of selenium in bituminous coal, anthracite, and cokeite (natural coke) from Huaibei Coalfield, Anhui, China, have been determined by sequential solvent extraction. The selenium content in bulk samples is 4.0, 2.4, and 2.0 ??g/g in bituminous coal, anthracite, and cokeite, respectively. The six forms of selenium determined by six-step solvent extraction are water-leachable, ion-exchangeable, organic matter-associated, carbonate-associated, silicate-associated, and sulfide-associated. The predominant forms of selenium in bituminous coal are organic matter-associated (39.0%), sulfide-associated (21.1%), and silicate bound (31.8%); these three forms account for 92% of the total. The organic matter bound-selenium decrease dramatically from bituminous coal (39.0%) to anthracite (11.6%) and to cokeite (0%), indicating that organic matter bound selenium is converted to other forms during metamorphism of the coal, most likely sulfide-form. The sulfide-associated form increased remarkably from bituminous coal (21.1%) to anthracite (50.4%) and cokeite (54.5%), indicating the formation of selenium sulfide, possibly in pyrite during the transformation of bituminous coal to anthracite and cokeite. The silicate-associated selenium in bituminous coal (31.8%) is much higher than that in anthracite (16.4%) and cokeite (15.8%), indicating that silicate-associated selenium is partly converted to sulfide during metamorphism. ?? 2007 Zhang et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemical Transactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1186/1467-4866-8-14","issn":"14674866","usgsCitation":"Zhang, Y., Liu, G., Chou, C.L., Wang, L., and Kang, Y., 2007, Sequential solvent extraction for the modes of occurrence of selenium in coals of different ranks from the Huaibei Coalfield, China: Geochemical Transactions, v. 8, https://doi.org/10.1186/1467-4866-8-14.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477106,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1467-4866-8-14","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212601,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1467-4866-8-14"},{"id":240109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d55e4b08c986b31834c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Y.","contributorId":59969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, L.","contributorId":76904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kang, Y.","contributorId":54431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kang","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031610,"text":"70031610 - 2007 - Sorted bed forms as self-organized patterns: 2. complex forcing scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-22T10:49:48","indexId":"70031610","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sorted bed forms as self-organized patterns: 2. complex forcing scenarios","docAbstract":"We employ a numerical model to study the development of sorted bed forms under a variety of hydrodynamic and sedimentary conditions. Results indicate that increased variability in wave height decreases the growth rate of the features and can potentially give rise to complicated, a priori unpredictable, behavior. This happens because the system responds to a change in wave characteristics by attempting to self-organize into a patterned seabed of different geometry and spacing. The new wavelength might not have enough time to emerge before a new change in wave characteristics occurs, leading to less regular seabed configurations. The new seabed configuration is also highly dependent on the preexisting morphology, which further limits the possibility of predicting future behavior. For the same reasons, variability in the mean current magnitude and direction slows down the growth of features and causes patterns to develop that differ from classical sorted bed forms. Spatial variability in grain size distribution and different types of net sediment aggradation/degradation can also result in the development of sorted bed forms characterized by a less regular shape. Numerical simulations qualitatively agree with observed geometry (spacing and height) of sorted bed forms. Also in agreement with observations is that at shallower depths, sorted bed forms are more likely to be affected by changes in the forcing conditions, which might also explain why, in shallow waters, sorted bed forms are described as ephemeral features. Finally, simulations indicate that the different sorted bed form shapes and patterns observed in the field might not necessarily be related to diverse physical mechanisms. Instead, variations in sorted bed form characteristics may result from variations in local hydrodynamic and/or sedimentary conditions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2006JF000666","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Coco, G., Murray, A.B., Green, M.O., Thieler, E.R., and Hume, T., 2007, Sorted bed forms as self-organized patterns: 2. complex forcing scenarios: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 112, no. F3, F03016; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000666.","productDescription":"F03016; 14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477232,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jf000666","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212272,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000666"},{"id":239734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"F3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9313e4b08c986b31a295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coco, Giovanni","contributorId":84978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coco","given":"Giovanni","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, A. Brad","contributorId":57585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, Malcom O.","contributorId":9462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Malcom","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hume, T.M.","contributorId":10567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hume","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031996,"text":"70031996 - 2007 - February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the bora over the northern Adriatic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031996","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the bora over the northern Adriatic","docAbstract":"A winter oceanographic field experiment provided an opportunity to examine the atmospheric marine conditions over the northern Adriatic. Mean February winds are from a northeasterly direction over most of the Adriatic and a more northerly direction along the western coast. Wind speeds are fastest in jets over the NE coast during bora events and weakest in the mid-northwestern Adriatic. Diurnal air temperature cycles are smallest on the NE coast and largest in the midwestern Adriatic. The maximum sea-air difference is +10??C on the eastern coast and near zero on the midwestern Adriatic. Boras are northeasterly (from) wind events that sweep off Croatia and Slovenia, bringing slightly colder and drier air over the northern Adriatic. The main bora season is December to March. Winter 2002-2003 was normal for bora events. Synoptic-scale temporal variations are correlated over the northern Adriatic. Fastest Bora winds and highest wind stress over the northern Adriatic is concentrated in four topographically controlled jets. The strongest is the Senj Jet, while the Trieste Jet extends across the entire northern Adriatic. Between each two jets is a weak wind zone. The greatest mean net heat loss is in bora jets in the NE Adriatic, where it was -438 W m-2 and is weakest in the midwestern northern Adriatic, where it was near zero. Wind stress is concentrated over the NE half of Adriatic in four bora jets, while wind stress is weak in the NW Adriatic. There is significant variation in wind stress mean and standard deviation structure over the northern Adriatic with each bora event. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JC003134","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Dorman, C., Carniel, S., Cavaleri, L., Sclavo, M., Chiggiato, J., Doyle, J., Haack, T., Pullen, J., Grbec, B., Vilibic, I., Janekovic, I., Lee, C., Malacic, V., Orlic, M., Paschini, E., Russo, A., and Signell, R.P., 2007, February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the bora over the northern Adriatic: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 112, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003134.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477171,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jc003134","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214900,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003134"},{"id":242658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f46e4b0c8380cd5384b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorman, C.E.","contributorId":19387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorman","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carniel, S.","contributorId":47504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carniel","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cavaleri, L.","contributorId":37163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cavaleri","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sclavo, M.","contributorId":22980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sclavo","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chiggiato, J.","contributorId":47065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiggiato","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Doyle, J.","contributorId":74219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haack, T.","contributorId":89366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pullen, J.","contributorId":34339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pullen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Grbec, B.","contributorId":78570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grbec","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Vilibic, I.","contributorId":43995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vilibic","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Janekovic, I.","contributorId":69796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janekovic","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lee, C.","contributorId":72217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Malacic, V.","contributorId":31594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malacic","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Orlic, M.","contributorId":65681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlic","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Paschini, E.","contributorId":94120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paschini","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Russo, A.","contributorId":104720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russo","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Signell, R. P.","contributorId":89147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70031627,"text":"70031627 - 2007 - Nitrogen saturation in the Rocky Mountains: Linking emissions, deposition, and ecosystem effects using stable isotopes of nitrogen compounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031627","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Nitrogen saturation in the Rocky Mountains: Linking emissions, deposition, and ecosystem effects using stable isotopes of nitrogen compounds","docAbstract":"Elevated levels of atmospheric N deposition are affecting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems at high elevations in Rocky Mountain National Park and adjacent areas of the Front Range of Colorado. Federal and state agencies are now working together to develop cost-effective means for reducing atmospheric N deposition. A discussion on N saturation covers the need for better understanding of N emission source areas and source types that contribute to N deposition in the Rocky Mountains Front Range of Colorado; reductions in NO emissions that resulted from Clean Air Act Amendments, which caused NO3 deposition to decrease between 1984 and 2003; factors contributing to N deposition, e.g., rapid population growth and energy development; origins of NO3, e.g., as NO emissions from fossil fuel combustion, including stationary sources (e.g. emission from coal combustion in electric generating units), and mobile sources (vehicle emissions); disperse stationary sources from energy resource development, e.g., natural gas production; and the importance of incorporating local source characterization and finer spatial and temporal sampling into future studies, which could provide additional insight into N deposition source attribution. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 100th Annual Conference and Exhibition of the Air and Waste Management Association (Pittsburgh, PA 6/26-29/2007).","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Air and Waste Management Association's Annual Conference and Exhibition, AWMA","conferenceTitle":"Air and Waste Management Association - 100th Annual Conference and Exhibition of the Air and Waste Management Association 2007","conferenceDate":"26 June 2007 through 29 June 2007","conferenceLocation":"Pittsburgh, PA","language":"English","issn":"10526102","isbn":"9781604238464","usgsCitation":"Campbell, K., Nanus, L., Böhlke, J., Harlin, K., and Collett, J., 2007, Nitrogen saturation in the Rocky Mountains: Linking emissions, deposition, and ecosystem effects using stable isotopes of nitrogen compounds, in Proceedings of the Air and Waste Management Association's Annual Conference and Exhibition, AWMA, v. 3, Pittsburgh, PA, 26 June 2007 through 29 June 2007, p. 2138-2144.","startPage":"2138","endPage":"2144","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66f1e4b0c8380cd730b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":432413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nanus, L.","contributorId":83239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanus","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harlin, K.","contributorId":107498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlin","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collett, J.","contributorId":33923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032123,"text":"70032123 - 2007 - Natural landscape and stream segment attributes influencing the distribution and relative abundance of riverine smallmouth bass in Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70032123","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural landscape and stream segment attributes influencing the distribution and relative abundance of riverine smallmouth bass in Missouri","docAbstract":"Protecting and restoring fish populations on a regional basis are most effective if the multiscale factors responsible for the relative quality of a fishery are known. We spatially linked Missouri's statewide historical fish collections to environmental features in a geographic information system, which was used as a basis for modeling the importance of landscape and stream segment features in supporting a population of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu. Decision tree analyses were used to develop probability-based models to predict statewide occurrence and within-range relative abundances. We were able to identify the range of smallmouth bass throughout Missouri and the probability of occurrence within that range by using a few broad landscape variables: the percentage of coarse-textured soils in the watershed, watershed relief, and the percentage of soils with low permeability in the watershed. The within-range relative abundance model included both landscape and stream segment variables. As with the statewide probability of occurrence model, soil permeability was particularly significant. The predicted relative abundance of smallmouth bass in stream segments containing low percentages of permeable soils was further influenced by channel gradient, stream size, spring-flow volume, and local slope. Assessment of model accuracy with an independent data set showed good concordance. A conceptual framework involving naturally occurring factors that affect smallmouth bass potential is presented as a comparative model for assessing transferability to other geographic areas and for studying potential land use and biotic effects. We also identify the benefits, caveats, and data requirements necessary to improve predictions and promote ecological understanding. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-122.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Brewer, S., Rabeni, C., Sowa, S., and Annis, G., 2007, Natural landscape and stream segment attributes influencing the distribution and relative abundance of riverine smallmouth bass in Missouri: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 1, p. 326-341, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-122.1.","startPage":"326","endPage":"341","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214752,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-122.1"},{"id":242502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6343e4b0c8380cd723b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, S.K.","contributorId":34284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabeni, C.F.","contributorId":67823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabeni","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sowa, S.P.","contributorId":43142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sowa","given":"S.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Annis, G.","contributorId":50745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Annis","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031871,"text":"70031871 - 2007 - Stress orientations of Taiwan Chelungpu-Fault Drilling Project (TCDP) hole-A as observed from geophysical logs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-06T12:10:06.323192","indexId":"70031871","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stress orientations of Taiwan Chelungpu-Fault Drilling Project (TCDP) hole-A as observed from geophysical logs","docAbstract":"[1] The Taiwan Chelungpu-fault Drilling Project (TCDP) drilled a 2-km-deep research borehole to investigate the structure and mechanics of the Chelungpu Fault that ruptured in the 1999 Mw 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake. Geophysical logs of the TCDP were carried out over depths of 500–1900 m, including Dipole Sonic Imager (DSI) logs and Formation Micro Imager (FMI) logs in order to identify bedding planes, fractures and shear zones. From the continuous core obtained from the borehole, a shear zone at a depth of 1110 meters is interpreted to be the Chelungpu fault, located within the Chinshui Shale, which extends from 1013 to 1300 meters depth. Stress-induced borehole breakouts were observed over nearly the entire length of the wellbore. These data show an overall stress direction (∼N115°E) that is essentially parallel to the regional stress field and parallel to the convergence direction of the Philippine Sea plate with respect to the Eurasian plate. Variability in the average stress direction is seen at various depths. In particular there is a major stress orientation anomaly in the vicinity of the Chelungpu fault. Abrupt stress rotations at depths of 1000 m and 1310 m are close to the Chinshui Shale's upper and lower boundaries, suggesting the possibility that bedding plane slip occurred during the Chi-Chi earthquake.
Cladophora, a nuisance and invasive, filamentous algae (Chlorophyta), massively accumulates along the shores of the lower Great Lakes each summer causing great economic damage and compromising recreational opportunity and perhaps public health. In vitro experiments showed that Cladophora samples were physically and biologically degraded when subjected to TiO2-mediated photocatalysis. For the most successful photocatalytic process, TiO2 was immobilized on a glass surface and used in combination with either sunlight or artificial UV light. The loss of vital algal pigments was monitored using UV–vis spectrophotometry, and cell structural changes were determined by microscopic observation. Cladophora, in the presence of TiO2-covered glass beads, experienced a loss of chloroplast pigments after 2 h of UV lamp light irradiation. In a separate experiment, sunlight exposure over 4 days (∼24 h) resulted in the complete oxidative degradation of the green chloroplast pigments, verified by the UV spectra of the algal extracts. These results suggest that TiO2, mobilized on sunlit silicates may be useful in controlling growth and survival of this alga in the Great Lakes, thus mitigating many of the economic, aesthetic ecological impacts of this invasive alga.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.08.009","issn":"10106030","usgsCitation":"Peller, J., Whitman, R., Griffith, S., Harris, P., Peller, C., and Scalzitti, J., 2007, TiO2 as a photocatalyst for control of the aquatic invasive alga, Cladophora, under natural and artificial light: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, v. 186, no. 2-3, p. 212-217, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.08.009.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"212","endPage":"217","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214871,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.08.009"}],"volume":"186","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb35be4b08c986b325d49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peller, J.R.","contributorId":59262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peller","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffith, S.","contributorId":83349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, P.","contributorId":74217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peller, C.","contributorId":98133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peller","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scalzitti, J.","contributorId":49623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scalzitti","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032119,"text":"70032119 - 2007 - Egg clutch characteristics of the barking treefrog, Hyla gratiosa, from North Carolina and Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70032119","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Egg clutch characteristics of the barking treefrog, Hyla gratiosa, from North Carolina and Florida","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0018084X","usgsCitation":"Gunzburger, M., and Travis, J., 2007, Egg clutch characteristics of the barking treefrog, Hyla gratiosa, from North Carolina and Florida: Herpetological Review, v. 38, no. 1, p. 22-24.","startPage":"22","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a086ae4b0c8380cd51af0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gunzburger, M. S.","contributorId":103999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunzburger","given":"M. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Travis, J.","contributorId":104452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Travis","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031555,"text":"70031555 - 2007 - Characterizing dry deposition of mercury in urban runoff","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031555","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing dry deposition of mercury in urban runoff","docAbstract":"Stormwater runoff from urban surfaces often contains elevated levels of toxic metals. When discharged directly into water bodies, these pollutants degrade water quality and impact aquatic life and human health. In this study, the composition of impervious surface runoff and associated rainfall was investigated for several storm events at an urban site in Orlando, Florida. Total mercury in runoff consisted of 58% particulate and 42% filtered forms. Concentration comparisons at the start and end of runoff events indicate that about 85% of particulate total mercury and 93% of particulate methylmercury were removed from the surface before runoff ended. Filtered mercury concentrations showed less than 50% reduction of both total and methylmercury from first flush to final flush. Direct comparison between rainfall and runoff at this urban site indicates dry deposition accounted for 22% of total inorganic mercury in runoff. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11270-007-9396-y","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Fulkerson, M., Nnadi, F., and Chasar, L., 2007, Characterizing dry deposition of mercury in urban runoff: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 185, no. 1-4, p. 21-32, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9396-y.","startPage":"21","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":501071,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2000/7135","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212477,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9396-y"},{"id":239967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"185","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4fde4b0c8380cd4c00c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulkerson, M.","contributorId":64453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulkerson","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nnadi, F.N.","contributorId":37153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nnadi","given":"F.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chasar, L.S.","contributorId":65262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chasar","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031963,"text":"70031963 - 2007 - Lack of size selectivity for paddlefish captured in hobbled gillnets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031963","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lack of size selectivity for paddlefish captured in hobbled gillnets","docAbstract":"A commercial fishery for paddlefish Polyodon spathula caviar exists in Kentucky Lake, a reservoir on the lower Tennessee River. A 152-mm (bar-measure) minimum mesh size restriction on entanglement gear was enacted in 2002 and the minimum size limit was increased to 864 mm eye-fork length to reduce the possibility of recruitment overfishing. Paddlefish were sampled in 2003-2004 using experimental monofilament gillnets with panels of 89, 102, 127, 152, 178, and 203-mm meshes and the efficacy of the mesh size restriction was evaluated. Following the standards of commercial gear used in that fishery, nets were \"hobbled\" (i.e., 128 m ?? 3.6 m nets were tied down to 2.4 m; 91 m ?? 9.1 m nets were tied down to 7.6 m). The mean lengths of paddlefish (Ntotal = 576 fish) captured in each mesh were similar among most meshes and bycatch rates of sublegal fish did not vary with mesh size. Selectivity curves could not be modeled because the mean and modal lengths of fish captured in each mesh did not increase with mesh size. Ratios of fish girth to mesh perimeter (G:P) for individual fish were often less than 1.0 as a result of the largest meshes capturing small paddlefish. It is unclear whether lack of size selectivity for paddlefish was because the gillnets were hobbled, the unique morphology of paddlefish, or the fact that they swim with their mouths agape when filter feeding. The lack of size selectivity by hobbled gillnets fished in Kentucky Lake means that managers cannot influence the size of paddlefish captured by commercial gillnet gear by changing minimum mesh size regulations. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2006.11.005","issn":"01657836","usgsCitation":"Scholten, G., and Bettoli, P., 2007, Lack of size selectivity for paddlefish captured in hobbled gillnets: Fisheries Research, v. 83, no. 2-3, p. 355-359, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2006.11.005.","startPage":"355","endPage":"359","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214899,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2006.11.005"},{"id":242657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a412de4b0c8380cd6536e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholten, G.D.","contributorId":39184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholten","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettoli, P.W.","contributorId":80606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettoli","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030137,"text":"70030137 - 2007 - The occurrence of the colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. on Georges Bank gravel habitat: ecological observations and potential effects on groundfish and scallop fisheries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T16:28:04","indexId":"70030137","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The occurrence of the colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. on Georges Bank gravel habitat: ecological observations and potential effects on groundfish and scallop fisheries","title":"The occurrence of the colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. on Georges Bank gravel habitat: ecological observations and potential effects on groundfish and scallop fisheries","docAbstract":"The colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. is present on the Georges Bank fishing grounds in a gravel habitat where the benthic invertebrate fauna has been monitored annually since 1994. The species was not noted before 2002 when large colonies were first observed; and by 2003 and 2004 it covered large areas of the seabed at some locations. The latest survey in 2005 documented the tunicate's presence in two gravel areas that total more than 67 nm2 (230 km2). The affected area is located on the Northern Edge of the bank in United States waters near the U.S./Canada boundary ( Fig. 1). This is the first documented offshore occurrence of a species that has colonized eastern U.S. coastal waters from New York to Maine during the past 15–20 years ( U.S. Geological Survey, 2006). Video imagery shows colonies coalescing to form large mats that cover more than 50% of the seabed along some video/photo transects. The affected area is an immobile pebble and cobble pavement that lies at water depths of 40 to 65 m where strong semidiurnal tidal currents reach speeds of 1 to 2 kt (50–100 cm/s). The water column is mixed year round, ensuring a constant supply of nutrients to the seabed. Annual temperatures range from 4 to 15 °C ( Mountain and Holzwarth, 1989). The gravel areas are bounded by sand ridges whose mobile surfaces are moved daily by the strong tidal currents. Studies commenced here in 1994 to characterize the gravel habitat and to document the effects of fishing disturbance on it ( Collie et al., 2005).","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.038","issn":"00220981","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Collie, J., Reid, R., Asch, R.G., Guida, V.G., and Blackwood, D., 2007, The occurrence of the colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. on Georges Bank gravel habitat: ecological observations and potential effects on groundfish and scallop fisheries: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 342, no. 1, p. 179-181, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.038.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"181","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488261,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/937","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Georges Bank","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -66,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -66,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -71,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -71,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"342","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae47e4b08c986b323faf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, P. C.","contributorId":46505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collie, J.S.","contributorId":102217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collie","given":"J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reid, R.N.","contributorId":107217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Asch, R. G.","contributorId":65289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Asch","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guida, Vincent G.","contributorId":60975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guida","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13694,"text":"NOAA-NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blackwood, D.S.","contributorId":98747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031554,"text":"70031554 - 2007 - Habitat use of Etheostoma maculatum (Spotted Darter) in Elk River, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031554","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use of Etheostoma maculatum (Spotted Darter) in Elk River, West Virginia","docAbstract":"Etheostoma maculatum (Spotted Darter) has a disjunct distribution within the Ohio River drainage. Researchers have generalized Spotted Darter habitat as large rocks in swift riffles. In West Virginia, Spotted Darters are known to occur only in the middle section of the Elk River system. Information on habitat use is lacking. Through direct observation (snorkeling), we examined microhabitat use of Spotted Darters in riffle and glide habitats at three sites in the Elk River. Spotted darters in the Elk River were observed primarily in glide habitats near large rocks and in moderate current velocities. In the Elk River, this species is a benthic-habitat specialist, making it highly vulnerable to habitat alterations such as sedimentation and substrate embeddedness. Given its habitat use and restricted distribution, further ecological studies are needed for conservation and management of the Spotted Darter population in the Elk River.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/1092-6194(2007)14[447:HUOEMS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Osier, E., and Welsh, S., 2007, Habitat use of Etheostoma maculatum (Spotted Darter) in Elk River, West Virginia: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 14, no. 3, p. 447-460, https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2007)14[447:HUOEMS]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"447","endPage":"460","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212476,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2007)14[447:HUOEMS]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":239966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f45e4b0c8380cd5cc39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osier, E.A.","contributorId":74648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osier","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welsh, S.A. 0000-0003-0362-054X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":10191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031970,"text":"70031970 - 2007 - Sea level rise in Tampa Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-26T17:34:01.08709","indexId":"70031970","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea level rise in Tampa Bay","docAbstract":"Understanding relative sea level (RSL) rise during periods of rapid climatic change is critical for evaluating modern sea level rise given the vulnerability of Antarctic ice shelves to collapse [Hodgson et al, 2006], the retreat of the world's glaciers [Oerlemans, 2005], and mass balance trends of the Greenland ice sheet [Rignot and Kanagaratnam, 2006]. The first-order pattern of global sea level rise following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼21,000 years ago) is well established from coral [Fairbanks, 1989], continental shelf [Hanebuth et al, 2000], and other records [Pirazzoli, 2000] and has been integrated into a global ICE-5G model of glacio-isostatic adjustment (GIA) [Peltier, 2004]. However, uncertainty introduced by paleo water depth of sea level indicators, radiocarbon chronology (i.e., reservoir corrections for marine shell dates), postglacial isostatic adjustment, and other processes affecting vertical position of former shorelines produces scatter in RSL curves, limiting our knowledge of sea level rise during periods of rapid glacial decay.
One example of this limitation is the Gulf of Mexico/Florida region where, despite decades of study, RSL curves produce two conflicting patterns: those showing progressive submergence with a decelerating rate during the past 5000 years [Scholl et al, 1969] and those showing high sea level during the middle of the Holocene [Blum et al, 2001; Balsillie and Donoghue, 2004], where the Holocene represents a geologic epoch that extends from about 10,000 years ago to present times. This discrepancy is emblematic of the uncertainty surrounding Holocene sea level and ice volume history in general.
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2007 - Controls on the Karaha-Telaga Bodas geothermal reservoir, Indonesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031964","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on the Karaha-Telaga Bodas geothermal reservoir, Indonesia","docAbstract":"Karaha-Telaga Bodas is a partially vapor-dominated, fracture-controlled geothermal system located adjacent to Galunggung Volcano in western Java, Indonesia. The geothermal system consists of: (1) a caprock, ranging from several hundred to 1600 m in thickness, and characterized by a steep, conductive temperature gradient and low permeability; (2) an underlying vapor-dominated zone that extends below sea level; and (3) a deep liquid-dominated zone with measured temperatures up to 353 ??C. Heat is provided by a tabular granodiorite stock encountered at about 3 km depth. A structural analysis of the geothermal system shows that the effective base of the reservoir is controlled either by the boundary between brittle and ductile deformational regimes or by the closure and collapse of fractures within volcanic rocks located above the brittle/ductile transition. The base of the caprock is determined by the distribution of initially low-permeability lithologies above the reservoir; the extent of pervasive clay alteration that has significantly reduced primary rock permeabilities; the distribution of secondary minerals deposited by descending waters; and, locally, by a downward change from a strike-slip to an extensional stress regime. Fluid-producing zones are controlled by both matrix and fracture permeabilities. High matrix permeabilities are associated with lacustrine, pyroclastic, and epiclastic deposits. Productive fractures are those showing the greatest tendency to slip and dilate under the present-day stress conditions. Although the reservoir appears to be in pressure communication across its length, fluid, and gas chemistries vary laterally, suggesting the presence of isolated convection cells. ?? 2006 CNR.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geothermics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2006.09.005","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Nemcok, M., Moore, J., Christensen, C., Allis, R., Powell, T., Murray, B., and Nash, G., 2007, Controls on the Karaha-Telaga Bodas geothermal reservoir, Indonesia: Geothermics, v. 36, no. 1, p. 9-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2006.09.005.","startPage":"9","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214927,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2006.09.005"},{"id":242687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd4e4b0c8380cd4dfb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nemcok, M.","contributorId":104248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nemcok","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, J.N.","contributorId":22795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christensen, Carl","contributorId":43562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Carl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allis, R.","contributorId":14606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allis","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powell, T.","contributorId":33118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murray, B.","contributorId":90865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nash, G.","contributorId":8285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70146529,"text":"70146529 - 2007 - High-resolution measurements of suspended-sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-16T10:03:02","indexId":"70146529","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"High-resolution measurements of suspended-sediment","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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Here evidence that Bartonella species can 'jump' between host species is presented. Northern grasshopper mice and other rodents were trapped in the western USA. A study of Bartonella infection in grasshopper mice demonstrated a high prevalence that varied from 25% to 90% by location. Bartonella infection was detected in other rodent species with a high prevalence as well. Sequence analyses of gltA identified 29 Bartonella variants in rodents, 10 of which were obtained from grasshopper mice. Among these 10, only six variants were specific to grasshopper mice, whereas four were identical to variants specific to deer mice or 13-lined ground squirrels. Fourteen of 90 sequenced isolates obtained from grasshopper mice were strains found more commonly in other rodent species and were apparently acquired from these animals. The ecological behavior of grasshopper mice may explain the occurrence of Bartonella strains in occasional hosts. The observed rate at which Bartonella jumps from a donor host species to the grasshopper mouse was directly proportional to a metric of donor host density and to the prevalence of Bartonella in the donor host, and inversely proportional to the same parameters for the grasshopper mouse. ?? 2007 Federation of European Microbiological Societies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"FEMS Microbiology Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00364.x","issn":"01686496","usgsCitation":"Bai, Y., Kosoy, M., Cully, J., Bala, T., Ray, C., and Collinge, S., 2007, Acquisition of nonspecific Bartonella strains by the northern grasshopper mouse (Onychomys leucogaster): FEMS Microbiology Ecology, v. 61, no. 3, p. 438-448, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00364.x.","startPage":"438","endPage":"448","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477070,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00364.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212481,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00364.x"},{"id":239971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6a4e4b0c8380cd4755e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bai, Y.","contributorId":42784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bai","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kosoy, M.Y.","contributorId":78283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kosoy","given":"M.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cully, J.F.","contributorId":92056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cully","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bala, T.","contributorId":58464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bala","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ray, C.","contributorId":40758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collinge, S.K.","contributorId":58832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collinge","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}