{"pageNumber":"233","pageRowStart":"5800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11361,"records":[{"id":70007049,"text":"70007049 - 1995 - Survival estimation and the effects of dependency among animals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-01T01:01:51","indexId":"70007049","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:12:51","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2173,"text":"Journal of Applied Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival estimation and the effects of dependency among animals","docAbstract":"Survival models assume that fates of individuals are independent, yet the robustness of this assumption has been poorly quantified. We examine how empirically derived estimates of the variance of survival rates are affected by dependency in survival probability among individuals. We used Monte Carlo simulations to generate known amounts of dependency among pairs of individuals and analyzed these data with Kaplan-Meier and Cormack-Jolly-Seber models. Dependency significantly increased these empirical variances as compared to theoretically derived estimates of variance from the same populations. Using resighting data from 168 pairs of black brant, we used a resampling procedure and program RELEASE to estimate empirical and mean theoretical variances. We estimated that the relationship between paired individuals caused the empirical variance of the survival rate to be 155% larger than the empirical variance for unpaired individuals. Monte Carlo simulations and use of this resampling strategy can provide investigators with information on how robust their data are to this common assumption of independent survival probabilities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Statistics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02664769524531","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., Ward, D.H., Sedinger, J.S., and Rexstad, E.A., 1995, Survival estimation and the effects of dependency among animals: Journal of Applied Statistics, v. 22, no. 5/6, p. 673-681, https://doi.org/10.1080/02664769524531.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"673","endPage":"681","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260113,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664769524531","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"22","issue":"5/6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2bee4b08c986b31f914","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":355738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rexstad, Eric A.","contributorId":55701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rexstad","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5222681,"text":"5222681 - 1995 - Heavy metals in seaducks and mussels from Misty Fjords National Monument in southeast Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T14:00:36","indexId":"5222681","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:42","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heavy metals in seaducks and mussels from Misty Fjords National Monument in southeast Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Quartz Hill, in Misty Fjords National Monument near Ketchikan, Alaska, is the site of a proposed molybdenum-producing mine. To provide baseline data for use in post-development comparisons, we analyzed tissues of Barrow's goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica), common mergansers (Mergus merganser), and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) for seven heavy metals that could potentially be released into the environment as a result of mining operations. Specimens were collected in 1980, 1981, and 1982 from two fjords likely to be used for discharge of tailings from the proposed mine and from two control fjords. Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium, molybdenum, lead, and zinc were measured in soft tissues of mussels and in kidney, liver, and muscle of birds. The highest mean concentrations of metals found in bird tissues were 55.7 ppm dry weight cadmium in kidneys and 154 ppm dry weight zinc in livers of Barrow's goldeneyes. Concentrations of several metals in blue mussels differed among seasons and locations, but the most significant finding in mussels was a maximum mean cadmium concentration of 9.6 ppm dry weight, a level higher than normally found in undisturbed areas. With the exception of 104 ppm dry weight cadmium in the kidney of one common merganser and 12.7 ppm dry weight lead in the kidney of another, concentrations of other metals in seaduck and mussel tissues were low, consistent with what would be expected for a pre-development environment. Molybdenum was found in low concentrations ( 10 ppm dry weight) in all avian kidney samples and most liver samples, but was not detected in blue mussels.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00546787","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., Koehl, P., Derksen, D., Rothe, T., Bunck, C., and Moore, J.F., 1995, Heavy metals in seaducks and mussels from Misty Fjords National Monument in southeast Alaska: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 36, no. 2, p. 149-167, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00546787.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -131.83868408203125,\n              56.173081072076165\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.7645263671875,\n              55.773483422605516\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.9403076171875,\n              55.46017083861817\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.67938232421875,\n              55.27442182695317\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.53106689453125,\n              55.19768334019969\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.220703125,\n              55.101944719793146\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.011962890625,\n              54.983918190363234\n            ],\n            [\n              -130.5889892578125,\n              54.97288463122323\n            ],\n            [\n              -130.83068847656247,\n              56.22197738278634\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.59423828124997,\n              56.21281407174654\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.83868408203125,\n              56.173081072076165\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63c6bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koehl, P.S.","contributorId":62568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koehl","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Derksen, D.V.","contributorId":23483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"D.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rothe, T.C.","contributorId":10016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rothe","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moore, John F.","contributorId":30185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5210738,"text":"5210738 - 1995 - Patterns of prey selection by wolves in Denali National Park, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-04T18:12:08","indexId":"5210738","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5411,"text":"Occasional Publication of the Canadian Circumpolar Institute","printIssn":"006-0303","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":19}},"seriesNumber":"35","title":"Patterns of prey selection by wolves in Denali National Park, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The patterns of selection by wolves (<i>Canis lupu</i>s) preying on moose (<i>Alces alces</i>), caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>), and Dall sheep (<i>Ovis dalli)</i> in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska were studied from 1986 through early 1992. Wolves and their prey are legally protected or relatively unharvested in most of the area, and wolf numbers doubled during the study. Based on remains of 294 moose, 225 caribou, and 63 sheep, wolves killed calves and old adults disproportionately, and individuals with low marrow fat, jaw necrosis, or arthritis. Seasonal trends in proportions of various species, ages, and sex of kills were found. During the winters following winters of deep snowfalls, wolves greatly increased the proportion of caribou cows and calves taken. We conclude that in a natural system, wolves can survive on vulnerable prey even during moderate weather, and when snowfall exceeds average, they can respond by switching to newly vulnerable prey and greatly increasing their numbers.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and conservation of wolves in a changing world: Proceedings of the second North American symposium on wolves: Occasional Publication 35","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Second North American Symposium on Wolves","conferenceDate":"25-27 August 1992","conferenceLocation":"Edmonton, AB","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Circumpolar Institute, University of Alberta","publisherLocation":"Edmonton, AB","issn":"006-0303","isbn":"0-919058-92-2","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., Meier, T., Burch, J.W., and Adams, L., 1995, Patterns of prey selection by wolves in Denali National Park, Alaska, <i>in</i> Ecology and conservation of wolves in a changing world: Proceedings of the second North American symposium on wolves: Occasional Publication 35, Edmonton, AB, 25-27 August 1992, p. 231-243.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"243","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c627","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carbyn, Ludwig N.","contributorId":113476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carbyn","given":"Ludwig","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507000,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, Steven H.","contributorId":93975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"Steven H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506998,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seip, Dale R.","contributorId":112067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seip","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506999,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":329149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meier, T.J.","contributorId":66632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burch, John W.","contributorId":106231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burch","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13367,"text":"National Parks Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":329151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":329150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5210739,"text":"5210739 - 1995 - Pack structure and genetic relatedness among wolf packs in a naturally-regulated population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-02T15:57:02.837447","indexId":"5210739","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5411,"text":"Occasional Publication of the Canadian Circumpolar Institute","printIssn":"006-0303","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":19}},"seriesNumber":"35","title":"Pack structure and genetic relatedness among wolf packs in a naturally-regulated population","docAbstract":"<p>Observations of wolf pack dynamics over a six-year period in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska, found high rates of intraspecific strife, wolf pack dissolution and new pack formation, and the acceptance of new wolves into established packs. These observations corroborate genetic studies that found more genetic links between packs, and more genetic diversity within packs, than would be expected if most packs were composed of an unrelated breeding pair and their offspring. Longevity of packs, stability of pack territories, and the incidence of inbreeding all appear to be less than previously suggested, even in the absence of significant human disturbance. The formation of new packs by two or more local dispersers, the acceptance of unrelated wolves into existing packs, and the presence of multiple breeding females within packs would tend to blur genetic distinctions between the packs in a population.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and conservation of wolves in a changing world: Proceedings of the second North American symposium on wolves: Occasional Publication 35","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Second North American Symposium on Wolves","conferenceDate":"August 25-27, 1992","conferenceLocation":"Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Circumpolar Institute, University of Alberta","publisherLocation":"Edmonton, AB","issn":"006-0303","isbn":"0-919058-92-2","usgsCitation":"Meier, T.J., Burch, J.W., Mech, L.D., and Adams, L., 1995, Pack structure and genetic relatedness among wolf packs in a naturally-regulated population, <i>in</i> Ecology and conservation of wolves in a changing world: Proceedings of the second North American symposium on wolves: Occasional Publication 35, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, August 25-27, 1992, p. 293-302.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"302","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200510,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":417692,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.uap.ualberta.ca/titles/189-9780919058934-ecology-and-conservation-of-wolves-in-a-changing-world"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696990","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carbyn, Ludwig N.","contributorId":113476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carbyn","given":"Ludwig","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507003,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, Steven H.","contributorId":93975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"Steven H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507001,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seip, Dale R.","contributorId":112067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seip","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507002,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Meier, Thomas J.","contributorId":37192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burch, John W.","contributorId":106231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burch","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13367,"text":"National Parks Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":329155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":329153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":329154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5210519,"text":"5210519 - 1995 - Wolves and caribou in Denali National Park, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5210519,"text":"5210519 - 1995 - Wolves and caribou in Denali National Park, Alaska","indexId":"5210519","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Wolves and caribou in Denali National Park, Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T10:20:38","indexId":"5210519","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Wolves and caribou in Denali National Park, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Management of gray wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) and their prey in interior Alaska has been controversial for three decades (Harbo and Dean 1983). Recently, debate was rekindled with renewed interest in wolf control to bolster two populations of caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>). Our research in Denali National Park provides insights into the declines in caribou numbers over the last few years that are the basis of recent wolf control proposals. Our observations of fluctuating populations also illustrate the complexity of managing these predator-prey systems to meet a diverse array of public interests.</p><p>Wolves and caribou are two components of the large mammal community of Denali National Park that also includes grizzly bears (<i>Ursus arctos</i>), moose (<i>Alces alces</i>), and Dall sheep (<i>Ovis dalli</i>). With the 1980 park expansion to more than 18,800 km2 (7,300 mi2) of central Alaska, this large mammal system became the only one of its kind that is virtually unaffected by human harvest. Therefore, Denali provides a unique opportunity to understand the natural interactions of these species and serves as a baseline for comparison with areas where hunting or other active wildlife management occurs.</p><p>We have studied Denali's wolves and caribou since 1986 to determine their numbers and status and understand their natural interactions in this protected subarctic ecosystem. Our studies began near the end of more than a decade of mostly light winter snowfalls of around 100 cm (39 in)/yr. Since winter 1988-89, we have experienced five consecutive winters with above-average snowfalls, including two record-setting years. During winters 1990-91 and 1992-93, more than 390 cm (154 in) of snow fell, four times as much as in the early years of our study. This change in snowfall had profound effects on the wildlife in central Alaska. The population trends of Denali's caribou and wolves are strong evidence of the natural fluctuations to be expected in species inhabiting such dynamic and variable environments.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Adams, L., and Mech, L.D., 1995, Wolves and caribou in Denali National Park, Alaska, chap. <i>of</i> Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems, p. 347-348.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"348","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339927,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.webharvest.gov/peth04/20041019015728/https://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/index.htm","linkHelpText":"Archived website"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5df978","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"LaRoe, Edward T.","contributorId":112276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRoe","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506611,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farris, Gaye S.","contributorId":84410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"Gaye","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":506610,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puckett, Catherine E. cpuckett@usgs.gov","contributorId":4629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"Catherine","email":"cpuckett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":506607,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doran, Peter D.","contributorId":17533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506609,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mac, Michael J.","contributorId":16772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mac","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506608,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":328601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":328600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210507,"text":"5210507 - 1995 - Colonial waterbirds","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5210507,"text":"5210507 - 1995 - Colonial waterbirds","indexId":"5210507","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Colonial waterbirds"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-18T15:38:57","indexId":"5210507","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Colonial waterbirds","docAbstract":"<p>Colonial waterbirds, that is, seabirds (gulls, terns, cormorants, pelicans) and wading birds (herons, egrets, ibises), have attracted the attention of scientists, conservationists, and the public since the turn of the century when plume hunters nearly drove many species to extinction. The first national wildlife refuge at Pelican Island, Florida, was founded to conserve a large nesting colony of the brown pelican (<i>Pelecanus occidentalis</i>). The National Audubon Society also established a game warden system to monitor and protect important waterbird colonies. These efforts helped establish federal laws to protect migratory birds and their nesting habitats in North America.</p><p>Although the populations of many species rebounded in the early part of the 20th century, major losses and alteration of coastal wetlands still threaten the long-term sustainability of many colonial waterbirds. A national, coordinated monitoring program is needed to monitor population status and trends in colonial waterbirds (Erwin et al. 1993). The Canadian Wildlife Service has recently established a national seabird monitoring program (D. Nettleship, CWS, personal communication). In addition, better coordination and cooperation for monitoring waterbirds are needed on both their breeding grounds in North America and their wintering grounds in Latin America where wetland loss is also a critical problem (Erwin et al. 1993). This article summarizes the status and trends of selected waterbird species in North America, but excludes Alaska, Hawaii, and the Pacific coast, which are described elsewhere.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R.M., 1995, Colonial waterbirds, chap. <i>of</i> Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems, p. 53-57.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"57","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339881,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.webharvest.gov/peth04/20041019015728/https://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/index.htm","linkHelpText":"Archived website"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae87e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"LaRoe, Edward T.","contributorId":112276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRoe","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506573,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farris, Gaye S.","contributorId":84410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"Gaye","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":506576,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puckett, Catherine E. cpuckett@usgs.gov","contributorId":4629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"Catherine","email":"cpuckett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":506574,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doran, Peter D.","contributorId":17533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506575,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mac, Michael J.","contributorId":16772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mac","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506572,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R. Michael","contributorId":87854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":72355,"text":"ofr95257 - 1995 - Seismic Sources and Recurrence Rates as Adopted by USGS Staff for the Production of the 1982 and 1990 Probabilistic Ground Motion Maps for Alaska and the Conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:01","indexId":"ofr95257","displayToPublicDate":"2005-09-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-257","title":"Seismic Sources and Recurrence Rates as Adopted by USGS Staff for the Production of the 1982 and 1990 Probabilistic Ground Motion Maps for Alaska and the Conterminous United States","docAbstract":"The construction of a probabilistic ground-motion hazard map for a region follows a sequence of analyses beginning with the selection of an earthquake catalog and ending with the mapping of calculated probabilistic ground-motion values (Hanson and others, 1992). An integral part of this process is the creation of sources used for the calculation of earthquake recurrence rates and ground motions. These sources consist of areas and lines that are representative of geologic or tectonic features and faults.\r\nAfter the design of the sources, it is necessary to arrange the coordinate points in a particular order compatible with the input format for the SEISRISK-III program (Bender and Perkins, 1987). Source zones are usually modeled as a point-rupture source. Where applicable, linear rupture sources are modeled with articulated lines, representing known faults, or a field of parallel lines, representing a generalized distribution of hypothetical faults. Based on the distribution of earthquakes throughout the individual source zones (or a collection of several sources), earthquake recurrence rates are computed for each of the sources, and a minimum and maximum magnitude is assigned.\r\nOver a period of time from 1978 to 1980 several conferences were held by the USGS to solicit information on regions of the United States for the purpose of creating source zones for computation of probabilistic ground motions (Thenhaus, 1983). As a result of these regional meetings and previous work in the Pacific Northwest, (Perkins and others, 1980), California continental shelf, (Thenhaus and others, 1980), and the Eastern outer continental shelf, (Perkins and others, 1979) a consensus set of source zones was agreed upon and subsequently used to produce a national ground motion hazard map for the United States (Algermissen and others, 1982).\r\nIn this report and on the accompanying disk we provide a complete list of source areas and line sources as used for the 1982 and later 1990 seismic hazard maps for the conterminous U.S. and Alaska. These source zones are represented in the input form required for the hazard program SEISRISK-III, and they include the attenuation table and several other input parameter lines normally found at the beginning of an input data set for SEISRISK-III.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95257","usgsCitation":"Hanson, S.L., and Perkins, D.M., 1995, Seismic Sources and Recurrence Rates as Adopted by USGS Staff for the Production of the 1982 and 1990 Probabilistic Ground Motion Maps for Alaska and the Conterminous United States (Online only, Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-257, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95257.","productDescription":"42 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7322,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/257/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only, Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb877","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Stanley L.","contributorId":8113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perkins, David M. perkins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"David","email":"perkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5486,"text":"fs09295 - 1995 - Natural Environmental Effects of Silver-Lead-Zinc Deposits in the Brooks Range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:47","indexId":"fs09295","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"092-95","title":"Natural Environmental Effects of Silver-Lead-Zinc Deposits in the Brooks Range, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs09295","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Natural Environmental Effects of Silver-Lead-Zinc Deposits in the Brooks Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 092-95,    , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09295.","productDescription":"   ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_092_95.jpg"},{"id":644,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-0092-95/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6982e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5341,"text":"fs00195 - 1995 - United States Geological Survey programs in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:47","indexId":"fs00195","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"001-95","title":"United States Geological Survey programs in Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs00195","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, United States Geological Survey programs in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 001-95, [4] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ill. ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00195.","productDescription":"[4] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ill. ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/wid/html/ak.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0001/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32033,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0001/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f55d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70187048,"text":"70187048 - 1995 - History and use of remote sensing for conservation and management of federal lands in Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T14:20:57.301534","indexId":"70187048","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History and use of remote sensing for conservation and management of federal lands in Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Remote sensing has been used to aid land use planning efforts for federal public lands in Alaska since the 1940s. Four federal land management agencies-the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, US. Bureau of Land Management, US. National Park Service, and U.S. Forest Service-have used aerial photography and satellite imagery to document the extent, type, and condition of Alaska's natural resources. Aerial photographs have been used to collect detailed information over small to medium-sized areas. This standard management tool is obtainable using equipment ranging from hand-held 35-mm cameras to precision metric mapping cameras. Satellite data, equally important, provide synoptic views of landscapes, are digitally manipulatable, and are easily merged with other digital databases. To date, over 109.2 million ha (72%) of Alaska's land cover have been mapped via remote sensing. This information has provided a base for conservation, management, and planning on federal public lands in Alaska.</span> </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Assocation","usgsCitation":"Markon, C., 1995, History and use of remote sensing for conservation and management of federal lands in Alaska, USA: Natural Areas Journal, v. 15, no. 4, p. 329-338.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"338","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403893,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43898069"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":22359,"text":"ofr9575J - 1995 - Economics and undiscovered conventional oil and gas accumulations in the 1995 National Assessment of U.S. oil and gas resources, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:51","indexId":"ofr9575J","displayToPublicDate":"1997-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-75","chapter":"J","title":"Economics and undiscovered conventional oil and gas accumulations in the 1995 National Assessment of U.S. oil and gas resources, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9575J","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Bird, K.J., 1995, Economics and undiscovered conventional oil and gas accumulations in the 1995 National Assessment of U.S. oil and gas resources, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-75, iii, 48 leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9575J.","productDescription":"iii, 48 leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0075j/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51764,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0075j/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6259f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44888,"text":"wri954118 - 1995 - Flooding in the middle Koyukuk River basin, Alaska, August 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T21:10:18.799888","indexId":"wri954118","displayToPublicDate":"1996-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4118","title":"Flooding in the middle Koyukuk River basin, Alaska, August 1994","docAbstract":"During August 1994, a flood on the Koyukuk River, Alaska, inundated the villages of Allakaket and Alatna and parts of Hughes. Topographic maps of the inundated areas, showing peak water-surface elevations and depths of water, indicate that flooding ranged from 2 to more than 10 feet deep in Allakaket, from 8 to more than 10 feet deep in Alatna, and from 0 to more than 10 feet deep in Hughes. Severe damage to buildings occurred in Allakaket and Alatna; minor damage occurred in Hughes, although some homes were irreparably damaged by inundation. Between the mouth of the Kanuti River, about 10 miles downstream from Allakaket, to Hughes, the peak discharge was about 330,000 cubic feet per second. A flow of that magnitude at Hughes has an annual probability of occurrence of 1 percent.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954118","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Meyer, D.F., 1995, Flooding in the middle Koyukuk River basin, Alaska, August 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4118, Report: iii, 8 p.; 2 Plates: 48.19 x 35.75 inches and 36.39 x 32.93 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954118.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 8 p.; 2 Plates: 48.19 x 35.75 inches and 36.39 x 32.93 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393258,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4118/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":393257,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4118/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82244,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4118/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4118/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Middle Koyukuk River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.137939453125,\n              65.64695124110337\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.182861328125,\n              65.64695124110337\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.182861328125,\n              66.79190947341796\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.137939453125,\n              66.79190947341796\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.137939453125,\n              65.64695124110337\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, David F. dfmeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"David","email":"dfmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26840,"text":"wri954226 - 1995 - Hydraulic characteristics near streamside structures along the Kenai River, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:30","indexId":"wri954226","displayToPublicDate":"1996-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4226","title":"Hydraulic characteristics near streamside structures along the Kenai River, Alaska","docAbstract":"Hydraulic characteristics, water velocity, depth, and flow direction were measured near eight sites along the Kenai River in southcentral Alaska. Each of the eight sites contained a different type of structure: a road-type boat launch, a canal-type boat launch, a floating dock, a rock retaining wall, a pile-supported dock, a jetty, a concrete retaining wall, and a bank stabilization project near the city of Soldotna. Measurements of hydraulic characteristics were made to determine to what extent the structures affected natural or ambient stream hydraulic characteristics. The results will be used by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game to evaluate assumptions used in their Habitat Evaluation Procedure assessment of juvenile chinook salmon habitat along the river and to improve their understanding of stream hydraulics for use in permitting potential projects. The study included structures along the Kenai River from about 12 to 42 miles upstream from the mouth. Hydraulic characteristics were measured during medium-, high-, and low-flow conditions, as measured at the Kenai River at Soldotna: (1) discharge ranged from 6,310 to 6,480 cubic feet per second during medium flow conditions that were near mean annual flow on June 9-10, 1994; (2) discharge ranged from 14,000 to 14,400 cubic feet per second during high flow conditions that were near peak annual flow conditions on August 2-3, 1994; and (3) discharge ranged from 3,470 to 3,660 cubic feet per second during open-water low-flow conditions on May 8-9, 1995. Measurements made at the structures were compared with measurements made at nearby unaffected natural sites. The floating dock, pile-supported dock, road-type boat launch, and concrete retaining wall did not significantly alter the stream channel area. These structures contributed only hydraulic-roughness type changes. The structures occupied a much smaller area than that of the wetted perimeter of the channel and thus typically had little effect on velocity, depth, or flow direction. During this investigation, many of these subtle effects could not be separated from ambient hydraulic conditions. The jetty significantly altered stream channel area and therefore affected stream hydraulics more than the other structures that were investigated. Data indicated that velocity increased from 1.9 to 5.8 feet per second near the point of the jetty during measurements in May, June, and August. Rock wall and jetty structures also divert flow away from near-shore areas in proportion to their projection lengths into the river. For the jetty, the effect on surface flow was observed downstream for a distance of about 10 times the length of the jetty's projection into the river and upstream for about 4 to 5 times the length of the projection. For the rock wall, the diversion of flow was evident for 10 to 15 feet downstream.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri954226","usgsCitation":"Dorava, J.M., 1995, Hydraulic characteristics near streamside structures along the Kenai River, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4226, iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954226.","productDescription":"iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158227,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4226/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55723,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4226/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a300","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23725,"text":"ofr95420 - 1995 - Selected environmental and geohydrologic reports for the Fort Wainwright and Fairbanks areas, Alaska as of July 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:19","indexId":"ofr95420","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-420","title":"Selected environmental and geohydrologic reports for the Fort Wainwright and Fairbanks areas, Alaska as of July 1995","docAbstract":"As part of its effort to help collect data and gather information for geohydrologic investigations, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collects and reviews environmental and technical reports relating to geology, hydrology, and geohydrology. The USGS investigation efforts are coordinated with ongoing technical investigations by the Water Research Center of the University of Alaska Fairbanks and the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. One project objective for Fort Wainwright includes maintaining a library of report references for USGS project use and for use by the U.S. Army, Alaska (USARAK), USARAK contractors, and other Federal and State agencies. This report presents an annotated bibliography of reports relating to the project study area or geohydrologic processes important to investigations in the study area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95420","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Lilly, M.R., DePalma, K., and Benson, S., 1995, Selected environmental and geohydrologic reports for the Fort Wainwright and Fairbanks areas, Alaska as of July 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-420, 1 v. 62 p.  :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95420.","productDescription":"1 v. 62 p.  :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0420/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19478,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0420/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":52967,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0420/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aade4b07f02db66b4b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lilly, M. R.","contributorId":38594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lilly","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DePalma, K.L.","contributorId":80315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePalma","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benson, S.L.","contributorId":61075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19715,"text":"ofr95364 - 1995 - Water-elevation, stream-discharge, and ground-water quality data in the Alaska Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska, May 1993 to May 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr95364","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-364","title":"Water-elevation, stream-discharge, and ground-water quality data in the Alaska Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska, May 1993 to May 1995","docAbstract":"From May 1993 to May 1995, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mining and Water Management collected data on ground-water and surface-water elevations, stream discharge, and ground-water quality in the Alaska Railroad Industrial area in Fairbanks, Alaska. The data- collection efforts were coordinated with environmental efforts being made in the study area by the Alaska Railroad Corporation. These data were collected as part of an effort to characterize the hydrogeology of the Alaska Railroad Industrial area and to define the extent of petroleum hydrocarbons in the area. Ground-water data were collected at 52 observation wells, surface-water data at 12 sites, stream discharge data at 9 sites, and chemical water-quality data at 32 observation wells.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95364","usgsCitation":"Kriegler, A., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Water-elevation, stream-discharge, and ground-water quality data in the Alaska Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska, May 1993 to May 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-364, 253 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95364.","productDescription":"253 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0364/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19363,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0364/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":49191,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0364/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edd56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kriegler, A.T.","contributorId":83955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kriegler","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lilly, M. R.","contributorId":38594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lilly","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22719,"text":"ofr95382 - 1995 - Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":22719,"text":"ofr95382 - 1995 - Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94","indexId":"ofr95382","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":22720,"text":"ofr97597 - 1997 - Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references","indexId":"ofr97597","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":22720,"text":"ofr97597 - 1997 - Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references","indexId":"ofr97597","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-26T20:28:15.439668","indexId":"ofr95382","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-382","title":"Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94","docAbstract":"Ground-water and surface-water elevation data were collected at 52 sites from 1990 to 1994 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, Fairbanks International Airport. Water elevations were measured in 32 ground-water observation wells and at 20 surface-water sites to help characterize the geohydrology of the Fairbanks International Airport area. From 1990 to 1993, data were collected in the vicinity of the former fire-training area at the airport. From 1993 to 1994, the data-collection area was expanded to include the entire airport area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95382","usgsCitation":"Claar, D., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-382, Report: iv, 155 p.; 2 Plates: 24.00 × 18.00 inches and 23.00 × 18.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95382.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 155 p.; 2 Plates: 24.00 × 18.00 inches and 23.00 × 18.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407354,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19163.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52171,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0382/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19433,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0382/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19434,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0382/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0382/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fairbanks","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -147.930908203125,\n              64.79050817816874\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.73315429687497,\n              64.79050817816874\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.73315429687497,\n              64.83726158377895\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.930908203125,\n              64.83726158377895\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.930908203125,\n              64.79050817816874\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d45f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Claar, D.V.","contributorId":81140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claar","given":"D.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lilly, M. 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,{"id":22928,"text":"ofr95638 - 1995 - Geology, petrography, and geochemistry of granitic rocks from the Coast Mountains Complex near Juneau, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-13T20:55:11.472411","indexId":"ofr95638","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-638","title":"Geology, petrography, and geochemistry of granitic rocks from the Coast Mountains Complex near Juneau, southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95638","usgsCitation":"Drinkwater, J.L., Ford, A.B., and Brew, D.A., 1995, Geology, petrography, and geochemistry of granitic rocks from the Coast Mountains Complex near Juneau, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-638, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95638.","productDescription":"119 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0638/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52331,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0638/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":403692,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19165.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Juneau","otherGeospatial":"Coast Mountains Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -134.71435546875,\n              55.99838095535963\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.066650390625,\n              56.88500172043518\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.857177734375,\n              59.34999582510769\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.16479492187497,\n              59.63998787256213\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.76855468749997,\n              58.75680543225761\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.71435546875,\n              55.99838095535963\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c618","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drinkwater, J. L.","contributorId":27856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drinkwater","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, A. B.","contributorId":44924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brew, D. A.","contributorId":88344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31925,"text":"ofr95645A - 1995 - Geochemical data for environmental studies at Nabesna and Kennecott, Alaska; water, leachates, stream-sediments, heavy-mineral-concentrates, and rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:18","indexId":"ofr95645A","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-645","chapter":"A","title":"Geochemical data for environmental studies at Nabesna and Kennecott, Alaska; water, leachates, stream-sediments, heavy-mineral-concentrates, and rocks","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95645A","usgsCitation":"Eppinger, R., McHugh, J.B., Briggs, P., d’Angelo, W.M., Doughten, M., Fey, D., Hageman, P., Hopkins, R., Knight, R.J., Meier, A.L., Motooka, J.M., O’Leary, R.M., and Roushey, B.H., 1995, Geochemical data for environmental studies at Nabesna and Kennecott, Alaska; water, leachates, stream-sediments, heavy-mineral-concentrates, and rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-645, iii, 91 p. : maps. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95645A.","productDescription":"iii, 91 p. : maps. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0645a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60085,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0645a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae46d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eppinger, R. G.","contributorId":100837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"R. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McHugh, J. B.","contributorId":79462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"d’Angelo, W. M.","contributorId":55027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"d’Angelo","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doughten, M. W.","contributorId":101648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughten","given":"M. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fey, D.L.","contributorId":44537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hageman, P.  L. 0000-0002-3440-2150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":27459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"P.  L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hopkins, R.T.","contributorId":80264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Knight, R. J.","contributorId":96255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Motooka, J. M.","contributorId":8834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"J.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"O’Leary, R. M.","contributorId":44894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Roushey, B. H.","contributorId":84387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roushey","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":31919,"text":"ofr95619 - 1995 - Topographic maps of Novarupta dome and selected portions of the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-17T14:22:12","indexId":"ofr95619","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-619","title":"Topographic maps of Novarupta dome and selected portions of the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95619","usgsCitation":"Strobe, R., Rice, W., and Neal, C., 1995, Topographic maps of Novarupta dome and selected portions of the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-619, 4 over-size sheets; sheet 1, scale 1:48,000 (1 inch = 4,000 feet); sheets 2-4, scale 1:2,400 (1 inch = 200 feet). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95619.","productDescription":"4 over-size sheets; sheet 1, scale 1:48,000 (1 inch = 4,000 feet); sheets 2-4, scale 1:2,400 (1 inch = 200 feet). ","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163821,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19567,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0619/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19568,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0619/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19569,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0619/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19570,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0619/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"48000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629ba7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strobe, Robert","contributorId":48229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strobe","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, William","contributorId":17284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neal, C.A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":91122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":23831,"text":"ofr95737 - 1995 - Assessment of the subsurface hydrology of the UIC-NARL main camp, near Barrow, Alaska, 1993-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr95737","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-737","title":"Assessment of the subsurface hydrology of the UIC-NARL main camp, near Barrow, Alaska, 1993-94","docAbstract":"Imikpuk Lake serves as the drinking-water source for the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation-National Arctic Research Laboratory (UIC-NARL, formerly known as the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory) near Barrow, Alaska. Previously acceptable hazardous-waste disposal practices and accidental releases of various fuels and solvents during the past several decades have resulted in contamination of soil and ground water in the vicinity of the lake. As part of an assessment of the risk that subsurface contamination poses to the quality of water in the lake, the subsurface hydrology of the UIC-NARL main camp was examined. The study area is located approximately 530 kilometers north of the Arctic Circle, on the northern coast of Alaska, and the short annual thaw season and the presence of shallow, areally continuous permafrost restrict hydrologic processes. A transient ground-water system is present within the active layer-the shallow subsurface layer that thaws each summer and refreezes each winter. Water-level and thaw-depth data collected during the summers of 1993 and 1994 show that the configurations of both the water table and the subsurface frost govern the ground- water flow system in the UIC-NARL main camp and indicate that recharge to and discharge from the system are small. Spatial irregularities in the vertical extent of the active layer result from variations in land-surface elevation, variations in soil type, and the presence of buildings and other structures that either act as a heat source or block heat transfer to and from the subsurface. Distinct features in the active-layer hydrologic system in the UIC-NARL main camp include a permafrost ridge, which generally acts as a flow-system divide between the Arctic Ocean and inland water bodies; a mound in the water table, which indicates increased impedance to ground- water flow toward Imikpuk Lake and acts as a flow-system divide between the lake and Middle Salt Lagoon; and a depression in the water table, which suggests a local breach in the permafrost ridge that allows some ground water to flow directly from the main camp to the Arctic Ocean. Similar thaw depths and water-table elevations were measured during the summers of 1993 and 1994, and little change occurred in the thickness of the ground-water zone between mid- and late-thaw- season measurements. These data suggest that the system is in a state of quasi-equilibrium and that ground-water discharge is small. The observed drop in the water table as the active layer develops over the summer is probably largely the result of evapotranspiration losses rather than system outflow.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95737","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K.A., and Solin, G., 1995, Assessment of the subsurface hydrology of the UIC-NARL main camp, near Barrow, Alaska, 1993-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-737, iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95737.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0737/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53043,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0737/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671d0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, K. A.","contributorId":107309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solin, G. L.","contributorId":106132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solin","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31926,"text":"ofr95645B - 1995 - Geochemical data for environmental studies at Nabesna and Kennecott, Alaska; water, leachates, stream-sediments, heavy-mineral-concentrates, and rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:57:46","indexId":"ofr95645B","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-645","chapter":"B","title":"Geochemical data for environmental studies at Nabesna and Kennecott, Alaska; water, leachates, stream-sediments, heavy-mineral-concentrates, and rocks","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95645B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Eppinger, R., McHugh, J.B., Briggs, P., d’Angelo, W.M., Doughten, M., Fey, D., Hageman, P., Hopkins, R., Knight, R.J., Meier, A.L., Motooka, J.M., O’Leary, R.M., and Roushey, B.H., 1995, Geochemical data for environmental studies at Nabesna and Kennecott, Alaska; water, leachates, stream-sediments, heavy-mineral-concentrates, and rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-645, One 3 1/2 inch diskette., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95645B.","productDescription":"One 3 1/2 inch diskette.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277673,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0645b/application.zip"}],"scale":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae47c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eppinger, R. G.","contributorId":100837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"R. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McHugh, J. B.","contributorId":79462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"d’Angelo, W. M.","contributorId":55027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"d’Angelo","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doughten, M. W.","contributorId":101648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughten","given":"M. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fey, D.L.","contributorId":44537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hageman, P.  L. 0000-0002-3440-2150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":27459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"P.  L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hopkins, R.T.","contributorId":80264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Knight, R. J.","contributorId":96255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Motooka, J. M.","contributorId":8834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"J.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"O’Leary, R. M.","contributorId":44894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Roushey, B. H.","contributorId":84387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roushey","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":23230,"text":"ofr95835 - 1995 - Revised digital aeromagnetic data for areas in and adjacent to the National Petroleum Reserve Area (NPRA), North Slope, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-30T21:03:36.02054","indexId":"ofr95835","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-835","title":"Revised digital aeromagnetic data for areas in and adjacent to the National Petroleum Reserve Area (NPRA), North Slope, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95835","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V., and Castellanos, E., 1995, Revised digital aeromagnetic data for areas in and adjacent to the National Petroleum Reserve Area (NPRA), North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-835, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95835.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407745,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19168.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52530,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0835/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":8084,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/ofr-95-0835/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0835/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"National Petroleum Reserve Area, North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -161.368,\n              68\n            ],\n            [\n              -146,\n              68\n            ],\n            [\n              -146,\n              71.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.368,\n              71.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.368,\n              68\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66c88d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V.J. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":70362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castellanos, Esther","contributorId":21578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castellanos","given":"Esther","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24118,"text":"ofr95696 - 1995 - Earthquake information needs in south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T17:04:10","indexId":"ofr95696","displayToPublicDate":"1996-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-696","title":"Earthquake information needs in south-central Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Reports Section--ESIC [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95696","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Page, R., and Haeussler, P.J., 1995, Earthquake information needs in south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-696, 8 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95696.","productDescription":"8 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":53270,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0696/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0696/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db6297e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, R.A.","contributorId":40197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21715,"text":"ofr95469 - 1995 - Data on selected herbicides and two triazine metabolites in precipitation of the Midwestern and Northeastern United States, 1990-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-07T10:40:44","indexId":"ofr95469","displayToPublicDate":"1996-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-469","title":"Data on selected herbicides and two triazine metabolites in precipitation of the Midwestern and Northeastern United States, 1990-91","docAbstract":"Weekly precipitation (rain and snow) samples were collected from 81 National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network sites in the Midwestern and Northeastern United States for the analysis of herbicides. In addition, five high- elevation background sites along the Rocky Mountains and in Alaska were sampled to provide data on herbicides in precipitation at sites far from the study area. The study began in March 1990 and continued through September 1991. The precipitation samples were shipped to the Central Analytical Laboratory operated by the Illinois State Water Survey for analyses of inorganic compounds. Subsamples of the precipitation were shipped to the U.S. Geological Survey laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas, for the analysis of 11 herbicides and 2 triazines metabolites. This report provides descriptions of the study area, sample-collection methods, laboratory methods, and quality assurance. The report also includes a compilation of herbicide concentration data from both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry methods. Laboratory analyses consisted of 6,230 samples that were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using alachlor and atrazine microtiter plates and 2,341 samples that were confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Graphical and statistical comparisons of the two analytical methods are given in this report. Data from this study have been useful in determining the spatial and temporal distribution of herbicide concentrations and deposition in precipitation of over a 26-State area of the Midwestern and Northeastern United States. The data also provide evidence of long-range atmospheric transport of herbicides and triazine metabolites.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr95469","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Goolsby, D.A., Scribner, E., Thurman, E., Pomes, M., and Meyer, M.T., 1995, Data on selected herbicides and two triazine metabolites in precipitation of the Midwestern and Northeastern United States, 1990-91: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-469, iv, 341 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95469.","productDescription":"iv, 341 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0469/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51242,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0469/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.150390625,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.865234375,\n              36.527294814546245\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.298828125,\n              35.02999636902566\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.587890625,\n              45.213003555993964\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.64257812499999,\n              47.39834920035926\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.353515625,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.49609375,\n              46.13417004624326\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.330078125,\n              48.3416461723746\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.150390625,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bdbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goolsby, D. 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,{"id":31920,"text":"ofr95624 - 1995 - Earthquakes in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-03T16:48:43.857774","indexId":"ofr95624","displayToPublicDate":"1996-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-624","title":"Earthquakes in Alaska","docAbstract":"Earthquake risk is high in much of the southern half of Alaska, but it is not the same everywhere. This map shows the overall geologic setting in Alaska that produces earthquakes. The Pacific plate (darker blue) is sliding northwestward past southeastern Alaska and then dives beneath the North American plate (light blue, green, and brown) in southern Alaska, the Alaska Peninsula, and the Aleutian Islands. Most earthquakes are produced where these two plates come into contact and slide past each other. Major earthquakes also occur throughout much of interior Alaska as a result of collision of a piece of crust with the southern margin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95624","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., and Plafker, G., 1995, Earthquakes in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-624, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 40.72 x 21.29 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95624.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 40.72 x 21.29 inches","numberOfPages":"1","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":3215,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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