This paper presents a simple model for tsunami sedimentation that can be applied to calculate tsunami flow speed from the thickness and grain size of a tsunami deposit (the inverse problem). For sandy tsunami deposits where grain size and thickness vary gradually in the direction of transport, tsunami sediment transport is modeled as a steady, spatially uniform process. The amount of sediment in suspension is assumed to be in equilibrium with the steady portion of the long period, slowing varying uprush portion of the tsunami. Spatial flow deceleration is assumed to be small and not to contribute significantly to the tsunami deposit. Tsunami deposits are formed from sediment settling from the water column when flow speeds on land go to zero everywhere at the time of maximum tsunami inundation. There is little erosion of the deposit by return flow because it is a slow flow and is concentrated in topographic lows. Variations in grain size of the deposit are found to have more effect on calculated tsunami flow speed than deposit thickness. The model is tested using field data collected at Arop, Papua New Guinea soon after the 1998 tsunami. Speed estimates of 14 m/s at 200 m inland from the shoreline compare favorably with those from a 1-D inundation model and from application of Bernoulli's principle to water levels on buildings left standing after the tsunami. As evidence that the model is applicable to some sandy tsunami deposits, the model reproduces the observed normal grading and vertical variation in sorting and skewness of a deposit formed by the 1998 tsunami.
North American green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, was petitioned for listing under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The two questions that need to be answered when considering an ESA listing are; (1) Is the entity a species under the ESA and if so (2) is the \"species\" in danger of extinction or likely to become an endangered species in the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range? Green sturgeon genetic analyses showed strong differentiation between northern and southern populations, and therefore, the species was divided into Northern and Southern Distinct Population Segments (DPSs). The Northern DPS includes populations in the Rogue, Klamath-Trinity, and Eel rivers, while the Southern DPS only includes a single population in the Sacramento River. The principal risk factors for green sturgeon include loss of spawning habitat, harvest, and entrainment. The Northern DPS is not considered to be in danger of extinction or likely to become an endangered species in the foreseeable future. The loss of spawning habitat is not large enough to threaten this DPS, although the Eel River has been severely impacted by sedimentation due to poor land use practices and floods. The two main spawning populations in the Rogue and Klamath-Trinity rivers occupy separate basins reducing the potential for loss of the DPS through catastrophic events. Harvest has been substantially reduced and green sturgeon in this DPS do not face substantial entrainment loss. However there are significant concerns due to lack of information, flow and temperature issues, and habitat degradation. The Southern DPS is considered likely to become an endangered species in the foreseeable future. Green sturgeon in this DPS are concentrated into one spawning area outside of their natural habitat in the Sacramento River, making them vulnerable to catastrophic extinction. Green sturgeon spawning areas have been lost from the area above Shasta Dam on the Sacramento River and Oroville Dam on the Feather River. Entrainment of individuals into water diversion projects is an additional source of risk, and the large decline in numbers of green sturgeon entrained since 1986 causes additional concern. ?? 2006 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10641-006-9062-z","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"Adams, P., Grimes, C., Hightower, J., Lindley, S., Moser, M., and Parsley, M., 2007, Population status of North American green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 79, no. 3-4, p. 339-356, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9062-z.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"356","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211610,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9062-z"},{"id":238927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d95e4b0c8380cd7a031","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, P.B.","contributorId":22576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimes, C.","contributorId":55205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hightower, J.E.","contributorId":16605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindley, S.T.","contributorId":58458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindley","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moser, M.L.","contributorId":92006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parsley, M.J.","contributorId":59542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsley","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033244,"text":"70033244 - 2007 - Approximate sample sizes required to estimate length distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70033244","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Approximate sample sizes required to estimate length distributions","docAbstract":"The sample sizes required to estimate fish length were determined by bootstrapping from reference length distributions. Depending on population characteristics and species-specific maximum lengths, 1-cm length-frequency histograms required 375-1,200 fish to estimate within 10% with 80% confidence, 2.5-cm histograms required 150-425 fish, proportional stock density required 75-140 fish, and mean length required 75-160 fish. In general, smaller species, smaller populations, populations with higher mortality, and simpler length statistics required fewer samples. Indices that require low sample sizes may be suitable for monitoring population status, and when large changes in length are evident, additional sampling effort may be allocated to more precisely define length status with more informative estimators. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T06-151.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L., 2007, Approximate sample sizes required to estimate length distributions: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 136, no. 2, p. 409-415, https://doi.org/10.1577/T06-151.1.","startPage":"409","endPage":"415","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477167,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1577/t06-151.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213468,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T06-151.1"},{"id":241094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"136","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ecfee4b0c8380cd49569","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, L.E.","contributorId":58406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70030847,"text":"70030847 - 2007 - First evidence of egg deposition by walleye (Sander vitreus) in the Detroit River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T09:44:53","indexId":"70030847","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First evidence of egg deposition by walleye (Sander vitreus) in the Detroit River","docAbstract":"The importance of fish spawning habitat in channels connecting the Great Lakes to fishery productivity in those lakes is poorly understood and has not been adequately documented. The Detroit River is a reputed spawning and nursery area for many fish, including walleye (Sander vitreus) that migrate between adjacent Lakes Erie and St. Clair. During April–May 2004, near the head of the Detroit River, we collected 136 fish eggs from the bottom of the river on egg mats. We incubated the eggs at the Great Lakes Science Center until they hatched. All eleven larvae that hatched from the eggs were identified as walleye. These eggs and larvae are the first credible scientific evidence that walleye spawn in the Detroit River. Their origin might be a stock of river-spawning walleye. Such a stock of walleye could potentially add resilience to production by walleye stocks that spawn and are harvested in adjacent waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[512:FEOEDB]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Manny, B., Kennedy, G., Allen, J., and French, J.R., 2007, First evidence of egg deposition by walleye (Sander vitreus) in the Detroit River: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 2, p. 512-516, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[512:FEOEDB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"512","endPage":"516","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1054e4b0c8380cd53c19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manny, B.A. 0000-0002-4074-9329","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":6000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":428919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, G.W. 0000-0003-1686-6960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-6960","contributorId":86291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":428922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, J.D.","contributorId":57656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"French, J. R. P. III","contributorId":47574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030848,"text":"70030848 - 2007 - Evaluation of an experimental LiDAR for surveying a shallow, braided, sand-bedded river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030848","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of an experimental LiDAR for surveying a shallow, braided, sand-bedded river","docAbstract":"Reaches of a shallow (<1.0m), braided, sand-bedded river were surveyed in 2002 and 2005 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Experimental Advanced Airborne Research LiDAR (EAARL) and concurrently with conventional survey-grade, real-time kinematic, global positioning system technology. The laser pulses transmitted by the EAARL instrument and the return backscatter waveforms from exposed sand and submerged sand targets in the river were completely digitized and stored for postflight processing. The vertical mapping accuracy of the EAARL was evaluated by comparing the ellipsoidal heights computed from ranging measurements made using an EAARL terrestrial algorithm to nearby (<0.5m apart) ground-truth ellipsoidal heights. After correcting for apparent systematic bias in the surveys, the root mean square error of these heights with the terrestrial algorithm in the 2002 survey was 0.11m for the 26 measurements taken on exposed sand and 0.18m for the 59 measurements taken on submerged sand. In the 2005 survey, the root mean square error was 0.18m for 92 measurements taken on exposed sand and 0.24m for 434 measurements on submerged sand. In submerged areas the waveforms were complicated by reflections from the surface, water column entrained turbidity, and potentially the riverbed. When applied to these waveforms, especially in depths greater than 0.4m, the terrestrial algorithm calculated the range above the riverbed. A bathymetric algorithm has been developed to approximate the position of the riverbed in these convolved waveforms and preliminary results are encouraging. ?? 2007 ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:7(838)","issn":"07339429","usgsCitation":"Kinzel, P., Wright, C.W., Nelson, J.M., and Burman, A., 2007, Evaluation of an experimental LiDAR for surveying a shallow, braided, sand-bedded river: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 133, no. 7, p. 838-842, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:7(838).","startPage":"838","endPage":"842","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211634,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:7(838)"},{"id":238960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c45e4b0c8380cd52ae2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinzel, P.J.","contributorId":27834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, C. W. wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":49758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, J. M.","contributorId":68687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burman, A.R.","contributorId":92050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burman","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033245,"text":"70033245 - 2007 - Late nineteenth to early twenty-first century behavior of Alaskan glaciers as indicators of changing regional climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033245","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late nineteenth to early twenty-first century behavior of Alaskan glaciers as indicators of changing regional climate","docAbstract":"Alaska's climate is changing and one of the most significant indications of this change has been the late 19th to early 21st century behavior of Alaskan glaciers. Weather station temperature data document that air temperatures throughout Alaska have been increasing for many decades. Since the mid-20th century, the average change is an increase of ?????2.0????C. In order to determine the magnitude and pattern of response of glaciers to this regional climate change, a comprehensive analysis was made of the recent behavior of hundreds of glaciers located in the eleven Alaskan mountain ranges and three island areas that currently support glaciers. Data analyzed included maps, historical observations, thousands of ground-and-aerial photographs and satellite images, and vegetation proxy data. Results were synthesized to determine changes in length and area of individual glaciers. Alaskan ground photography dates from 1883, aerial photography dates from 1926, and satellite photography and imagery dates from the early 1960s. Unfortunately, very few Alaskan glaciers have any mass balance observations. In most areas analyzed, every glacier that descends below an elevation of ?????1500??m is currently thinning and/or retreating. Many glaciers have an uninterrupted history of continuous post-Little-Ice-Age retreat that spans more than 250??years. Others are characterized by multiple late 19th to early 21st century fluctuations. Today, retreating and/or thinning glaciers represent more than 98% of the glaciers examined. However, in the Coast Mountains, St. Elias Mountains, Chugach Mountains, and the Aleutian Range more than a dozen glaciers are currently advancing and thickening. Many currently advancing glaciers are or were formerly tidewater glaciers. Some of these glaciers have been expanding for more than two centuries. This presentation documents the post-Little-Ice-Age behavior and variability of the response of many Alaskan glaciers to changing regional climate. ?? 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.07.011","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Molnia, B.F., 2007, Late nineteenth to early twenty-first century behavior of Alaskan glaciers as indicators of changing regional climate: Global and Planetary Change, v. 56, no. 1-2, p. 23-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.07.011.","startPage":"23","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213500,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.07.011"},{"id":241129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a454de4b0c8380cd671d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molnia, B. F.","contributorId":29386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molnia","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70033246,"text":"70033246 - 2007 - Landscape controls on mercury in streamwater at Acadia National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033246","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape controls on mercury in streamwater at Acadia National Park, USA","docAbstract":"Fall and spring streamwater samples were analyzed for total mercury (Hg) and major ions from 47 locations on Mount Desert Island in Maine. Samples were collected in zones that were burned in a major wildfire in 1947 and in zones that were not burned. We hypothesized that Hg concentrations in streamwater would be higher from unburned sites than burned watersheds, because fire would volatilize stored Hg. The Hg concentrations, based on burn history, were not statistically distinct. However, significant statistical associations were noted between Hg and the amount of wetlands in the drainage systems and with streamwater dissolved organic carbon (DOC). An unexpected result was that wetlands mobilized more Hg by generating more DOC in total, but upland DOC was more efficient at transporting Hg because it transports more Hg per unit DOC. Mercury concentrations were higher in samples collected at lower elevations. Mercury was positively correlated with relative discharge, although this effect was not distinguished from the DOC association. In this research, sample site elevation and the presence of upstream wetlands and their associated DOC affected Hg concentrations more strongly than burn history. ?? Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-006-9334-2","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Peckenham, J., Kahl, J.S., Nelson, S., Johnson, K., and Haines, T., 2007, Landscape controls on mercury in streamwater at Acadia National Park, USA: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 126, no. 1-3, p. 97-104, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9334-2.","startPage":"97","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213501,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9334-2"},{"id":241130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4407e4b0c8380cd667bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peckenham, J.M.","contributorId":98953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peckenham","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kahl, J. S.","contributorId":77885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kahl","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, S.J.","contributorId":45901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, K.B.","contributorId":31208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haines, T.A.","contributorId":83062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030180,"text":"70030180 - 2007 - A genetic assessment of the recovery units for the mojave population of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-06T12:14:47.9642","indexId":"70030180","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1210,"text":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A genetic assessment of the recovery units for the mojave population of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii","docAbstract":"In the 1994 Recovery Plan for the Mojave population of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii, the US Fish and Wildlife Service established 6 recovery units by using the best available data on habitat use, behavior, morphology, and genetics. To further assess the validity of the recovery units, we analyzed genetic data by using mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) sequences and nuclear DNA microsatellites. In total, 125 desert tortoises were sampled for mtDNA and 628 for microsatellites from 31 study sites, representing all recovery units and desert regions throughout the Mojave Desert in California and Utah, and the Colorado Desert of California. The mtDNA revealed a great divergence between the Mojave populations west of the Colorado River and those occurring east of the river in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona. Some divergence also occurred between northern and southern populations within the Mojave population. The microsatellites indicated a low frequency of private alleles and a significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance among 31 sample sites, which was consistent with an isolation-by-distance population structure. Regional genetic differentiation was complementary to the recovery units in the Recovery Plan. Most allelic frequencies in the recovery units differed. An assignment test correctly placed most individuals to their recovery unit of origin. Of the 6 recovery units, the Northeastern and the Upper Virgin River units showed the greatest differentiation; these units may have been relatively more isolated than other areas and should be managed accordingly. The Western Mojave Recovery Unit, by using the new genetic data, was redefined along regional boundaries into the Western Mojave, Central Mojave, and Southern Mojave recovery units. Large-scale translocations of tortoises and habitat disturbance throughout the 20th century may have contributed to the observed patterns of regional similarity. ?? 2007 Chelonian Research Foundation.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2744/1071-8443(2007)6[229:AGAOTR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10718443","usgsCitation":"Murphy, R., Berry, K., Edwards, T., and McLuckie, A., 2007, A genetic assessment of the recovery units for the mojave population of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii: Chelonian Conservation and Biology, v. 6, no. 2, p. 229-251, https://doi.org/10.2744/1071-8443(2007)6[229:AGAOTR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"251","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495013,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2744/1071-8443(2007)6[229:agaotr]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239328,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.82887195343143,\n 36.14319621654907\n ],\n [\n -116.82887195343143,\n 33.116789670872976\n ],\n [\n -114.01757814690296,\n 33.116789670872976\n ],\n [\n -114.01757814690296,\n 36.14319621654907\n ],\n [\n -116.82887195343143,\n 36.14319621654907\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3f1e4b0c8380cd462f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, R. W.","contributorId":89840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, T.","contributorId":59743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLuckie, A.M.","contributorId":78107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLuckie","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031160,"text":"70031160 - 2007 - Estimated variability of National Atmospheric Deposition Program/Mercury Deposition Network measurements using collocated samplers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70031160","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimated variability of National Atmospheric Deposition Program/Mercury Deposition Network measurements using collocated samplers","docAbstract":"The National Atmospheric Deposition Program/Mercury Deposition Network (MDN) provides long-term, quality-assured records of mercury in wet deposition in the USA and Canada. Interpretation of spatial and temporal trends in the MDN data requires quantification of the variability of the MDN measurements. Variability is quantified for MDN data from collocated samplers at MDN sites in two states, one in Illinois and one in Washington. Median absolute differences in the collocated sampler data for total mercury concentration are approximately 11% of the median mercury concentration for all valid 1999-2004 MDN data. Median absolute differences are between 3.0% and 14% of the median MDN value for collector catch (sample volume) and between 6.0% and 15% of the median MDN value for mercury wet deposition. The overall measurement errors are sufficiently low to resolve between NADP/MDN measurements by ??2 ng??l-1 and ??2 ????m-2?? year-1, which are the contour intervals used to display the data on NADP isopleths maps for concentration and deposition, respectively. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-006-9456-6","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Wetherbee, G., Gay, D., Brunette, R., and Sweet, C., 2007, Estimated variability of National Atmospheric Deposition Program/Mercury Deposition Network measurements using collocated samplers: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 131, no. 1-3, p. 49-69, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9456-6.","startPage":"49","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211379,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9456-6"},{"id":238659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ab0e4b0c8380cd52429","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetherbee, G.A.","contributorId":46136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gay, D.A.","contributorId":54018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brunette, R.C.","contributorId":47160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunette","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sweet, C.W.","contributorId":8286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweet","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031162,"text":"70031162 - 2007 - Wildlife species associated with non-coniferous vegetation in Pacific Northwest conifer forests: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T18:05:47","indexId":"70031162","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wildlife species associated with non-coniferous vegetation in Pacific Northwest conifer forests: A review","docAbstract":"Non-coniferous vegetation, including herbs, shrubs, and broad-leaved trees, makes a vital contribution to ecosystem function and diversity in Pacific Northwest conifer forests. However, forest management has largely been indifferent or detrimental to shrubs and trees that have low commercial value, in spite of a paradigm shift towards more holistic management in recent decades. Forest management practices that are detrimental to broad-leaved trees and shrubs are likely to decrease habitat diversity for wildlife, but the number of species that may be affected has not previously been enumerated. I reviewed life history accounts for forest-dwelling vertebrate wildlife species and derived a list of 78 species in Oregon and Washington that are associated with non-coniferous vegetation. The diversity of direct and indirect food resources provided was the primary functional basis for associations of most species with non-coniferous vegetation. Thus, a diversity of herbs and broad-leaved trees and shrubs provides the foundation for food webs that contribute to diversity at multiple trophic levels in Pacific Northwest conifer forests. Given the number of species associated with non-coniferous vegetation in conifer-dominated forests, maintaining habitats that support diverse plant communities, particularly broad-leaved trees and shrubs, will be an important component of management strategies intended to foster biodiversity. Silvicultural practices such as modified planting densities, and pre-commercial and commercial thinning, can be used to control stand density in order to favor the development of understory herbs, shrubs, and a diversity of tree species within managed stands. Allowing shrubs and hardwood trees to develop and persist in early seral stands by curtailing vegetation control also would benefit many species associated with non-coniferous vegetation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.054","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Hagar, J., 2007, Wildlife species associated with non-coniferous vegetation in Pacific Northwest conifer forests: A review: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 246, no. 1 SPEC. ISS., p. 108-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.054.","startPage":"108","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211406,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.054"}],"volume":"246","issue":"1 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0ffe4b08c986b32f18f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagar, J.C.","contributorId":46208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagar","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70033247,"text":"70033247 - 2007 - Avifaunal responses to fire in southwestern montane forests along a burn severity gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033247","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avifaunal responses to fire in southwestern montane forests along a burn severity gradient","docAbstract":"The effects of burn severity on avian communities are poorly understood, yet this information is crucial to fire management programs. To quantify avian response patterns along a burn severity gradient, we sampled 49 random plots (2001-2002) at the 17 351-ha Cerro Grande Fire (2000) in New Mexico, USA. Additionally, pre-fire avian surveys (1986-1988, 1990) created a unique opportunity to quantify avifaunal changes in 13 pre-fire transects (resampled in 2002) and to compare two designs for analyzing the effects of unplanned disturbances: after-only analysis and before-after comparisons. Distance analysis was used to calculate densities. We analyzed after-only densities for 21 species using gradient analysis, which detected a broad range of responses to increasing burn severity: (I) large significant declines, (II) weak, but significant declines, (III) no significant density changes, (IV) peak densities in low- or moderate-severity patches, (V) weak, but significant increases, and (VI) large significant increases. Overall, 71% of the species included in the after-only gradient analysis exhibited either positive or neutral density responses to fire effects across all or portions of the severity gradient (responses III-VI). We used pre/post pairs analysis to quantify density changes for 15 species using before-after comparisons; spatiotemporal variation in densities was large and confounded fire effects for most species. Only four species demonstrated significant effects of burn severity, and their densities were all higher in burned compared to unburned forests. Pre- and post-fire community similarity was high except in high-severity areas. Species richness was similar pre- and post-fire across all burn severities. Thus, ecosystem restoration programs based on the assumption that recent severe fires in Southwestern ponderosa pine forests have overriding negative ecological effects are not supported by our study of post-fire avian communities. This study illustrates the importance of quantifying burn severity and controlling confounding sources of spatiotemporal variation in studies of fire effects. After-only gradient analysis can be an efficient tool for quantifying fire effects. This analysis can also augment historical data sets that have small samples sizes coupled with high non-process variation, which limits the power of before-after comparisons. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/06-0253","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Kotliar, N., Kennedy, P., and Ferree, K., 2007, Avifaunal responses to fire in southwestern montane forests along a burn severity gradient: Ecological Applications, v. 17, no. 2, p. 491-507, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0253.","startPage":"491","endPage":"507","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213536,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-0253"},{"id":241166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ef76e4b0c8380cd4a25f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kotliar, N.B.","contributorId":7649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotliar","given":"N.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, P.L.","contributorId":78680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferree, K.","contributorId":54529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferree","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031174,"text":"70031174 - 2007 - Pesticide and transformation product detections and age-dating relations from till and sand deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031174","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticide and transformation product detections and age-dating relations from till and sand deposits","docAbstract":"Pesticide and transformation product concentrations and frequencies in ground water from areas of similar crop and pesticide applications may vary substantially with differing lithologies. Pesticide analysis data for atrazine, metolachlor, alachlor, acetochlor, and cyanazine and their pesticide transformation products were collected at 69 monitoring wells in Illinois and northern Indiana to document occurrence of pesticides and their transformation products in two agricultural areas of differing lithologies, till, and sand. The till is primarily tile drained and has preferential fractured flow, whereas the sand primarily has surface water drainage and primary porosity flow. Transformation products represent most of the agricultural pesticides in ground water regardless of aquifer material - till or sand. Transformation products were detected more frequently than parent pesticides in both the till and sand, with metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid being most frequently detected. Estimated ground-water recharge dates for the sand were based on chlorofluorocarbon analyses. These age-dating data indicate that ground water recharged prior to 1990 is more likely to have a detection of a pesticide or pesticide transformation product. Detections were twice as frequent in ground water recharged prior to 1990 (82%) than in ground water recharged on or after 1990 (33%). The highest concentrations of atrazine, alachlor, metolachlor, and their transformation products, also were detected in samples from ground water recharged prior to 1990. These age/pesticide detection relations are opposite of what would normally be expected, and may be the result of preferential flow and/or ground-water mixing between aquifers and aquitards as evident by the detection of acetochlor transformation products in samples with estimated ground-water ages predating initial pesticide application. ?? 2007 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00067.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Warner, K., and Morrow, W., 2007, Pesticide and transformation product detections and age-dating relations from till and sand deposits: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 4, p. 911-922, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00067.x.","startPage":"911","endPage":"922","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211489,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00067.x"},{"id":238785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7712e4b0c8380cd78403","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, K.L.","contributorId":73781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morrow, W.S.","contributorId":106309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031173,"text":"70031173 - 2007 - Selection of den sites by black bears in the southern Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031173","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection of den sites by black bears in the southern Appalachians","docAbstract":"We evaluated selection of den sites by American black bears (Ursus americanus) in the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary, western North Carolina, by comparing characteristics of dens at 53 den sites with availability of habitat characteristics in annual home ranges of bears and in the study area. We also tested whether den-site selection differed by sex, age, and reproductive status of bears. In addition, we evaluated whether the den component of an existing habitat model for black bears predicted where bears would select den sites. We found bears selected den sites far from gravel roads, on steep slopes, and at high elevations relative to what was available in both annual home ranges and in the study area. Den-site selection did not differ by sex or age, but it differed by reproductive status. Adult females with cubs preferred to den in areas that were relatively far from gravel roads, but adult females without cubs did not. The habitat model overestimated the value of areas near gravel roads, underestimated the value of moderately steep areas, and did not include elevation as a predictor variable. Our results highlight the importance of evaluating den selection in terms of both use and availability of den characteristics. ?? 2007 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/06-MAMM-A-329R1.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Reynolds-Hogland, M.J., Mitchell, M., Powell, R.A., and Brown, D., 2007, Selection of den sites by black bears in the southern Appalachians: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 88, no. 4, p. 1062-1073, https://doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-A-329R1.1.","startPage":"1062","endPage":"1073","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211461,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-A-329R1.1"},{"id":238753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ccee4b08c986b318135","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds-Hogland, M. J.","contributorId":57647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds-Hogland","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, M.S.","contributorId":26724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, R. A.","contributorId":41789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, D.C.","contributorId":70995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031171,"text":"70031171 - 2007 - Effect of relative volume on radio transmitter expulsion in subadult common carp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70031171","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of relative volume on radio transmitter expulsion in subadult common carp","docAbstract":"Expulsion of surgically implanted radio transmitters is a problem in some fish telemetry studies. We conducted a 109-d experiment to test the hypothesis that variation in relative volume of transmitters surgically implanted in subadult common carp Cyprinus carpio would affect transmitter expulsion. We also necropsied fish at the end of the experiment to evaluate histological evidence for the mechanism of expulsion. Survival rate was high during our experiment; all control fish and 88% of the fish subjected to the implantation surgery survived. Expulsion rate was low; of the 23 fish that received transmitters and survived the experiment, only two (9%) expelled the transmitters. One of these expulsions occurred through a rupture of the incision and the other occurred via the intestine. Retained transmitters were all encapsulated by tissue, and most exhibited multiple adhesions to the intestine, gonads, and body wall. Adhesions were more numerous in fish that received larger transmitters. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-187.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Penne, C., Ahrens, N., Summerfelt, R., and Pierce, C., 2007, Effect of relative volume on radio transmitter expulsion in subadult common carp: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 3, p. 986-991, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-187.1.","startPage":"986","endPage":"991","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477004,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/115","text":"External Repository"},{"id":211435,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-187.1"},{"id":238722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05ffe4b0c8380cd51080","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Penne, C.R.","contributorId":45433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penne","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahrens, N.L.","contributorId":36747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahrens","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Summerfelt, R.C.","contributorId":66203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Summerfelt","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pierce, C.L. 0000-0001-5088-5431","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":93606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031777,"text":"70031777 - 2007 - Evasion of added isotopic mercury from a northern temperate lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T11:11:46","indexId":"70031777","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evasion of added isotopic mercury from a northern temperate lake","docAbstract":"Isotopically enriched Hg (90% 202Hg) was added to a small lake in Ontario, Canada, at a rate equivalent to approximately threefold the annual direct atmospheric deposition rate that is typical of the northeastern United States. The Hg spike was thoroughly mixed into the epilimnion in nine separate events at two-week intervals throughout the summer growing season for three consecutive years. We measured concentrations of spike and ambient dissolved gaseous Hg (DGM) concentrations in surface water and the rate of volatilization of Hg from the lake on four separate, week-long sampling periods using floating dynamic flux chambers. The relationship between empirically measured rates of spike-Hg evasion were evaluated as functions of DGM concentration, wind velocity, and solar illumination. No individual environmental variable proved to be a strong predictor of the evasion flux. The DGM-normalized flux (expressed as the mass transfer coefficient, k) varied with wind velocity in a manner consistent with existing models of evasion of volatile solutes from natural waters but was higher than model estimates at low wind velocity. The empirical data were used to construct a description of evasion flux as a function of total dissolved Hg, wind, and solar illumination. That model was then applied to data for three summers for the experiment to generate estimates of Hg re-emission from the lake surface to the atmosphere. Based on ratios of spike Hg to ambient Hg in DGM and dissolved total Hg pools, ratios of DGM to total Hg in spike and ambient Hg pools, and flux estimates of spike and ambient Hg, we concluded that the added Hg spike was chemically indistinguishable from the ambient Hg in its behavior. Approximately 45% of Hg added to the lake over the summer was lost via volatilization.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1897/06-148R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Southworth, G., Lindberg, S., Hintelmann, H., Amyot, M., Poulain, A., Bogle, M., Peterson, M., Rudd, J., Harris, R., Sandilands, K., Krabbenhoft, D., and Olsen, M.L., 2007, Evasion of added isotopic mercury from a northern temperate lake: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 1, p. 53-60, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-148R.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"60","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212311,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/06-148R.1"},{"id":239777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","city":"Ontario","volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d21e4b0c8380cd52e25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Southworth, G.","contributorId":51095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southworth","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, S.","contributorId":71341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindberg","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hintelmann, H.","contributorId":64423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hintelmann","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amyot, M.","contributorId":85404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amyot","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poulain, A.","contributorId":86171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulain","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bogle, M.","contributorId":71384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogle","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Peterson, M.","contributorId":71514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rudd, J.","contributorId":92054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudd","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harris, R. 0000-0002-9247-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":13382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sandilands, K.","contributorId":101456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandilands","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":118001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David P.","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Olsen, Mark L.","contributorId":63852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70031776,"text":"70031776 - 2007 - Tag-based estimates of annual fishing mortality of a mixed atlantic coastal stock of striped bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70031776","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tag-based estimates of annual fishing mortality of a mixed atlantic coastal stock of striped bass","docAbstract":"Tag-based estimates of annual survival and fishing mortality rates supplement annual stock assessments of migratory striped bass Morone saxatilis in the interjurisdictional fishery along the Atlantic coast. We estimated a 17-year time series of annual survival and fishing mortality (F) rates for striped bass (>711 mm) tagged during winter trawl studies (1988-2004) off the coasts of North Carolina and Virginia. The geographic and temporal distributions of tag recoveries were consistent with published patterns of striped bass migration and indicated that this southern overwintering aggregate of striped bass is composed of mixed stocks. Incremental increases in bias-adjusted annual fishing mortality rates (from 0.00-0.26) and decreases in the proportion of fish released alive (from 0.762-0.198) coincided with periods of regulatory change during the 17-year time frame. Our estimates of F fall below the current management triggers and should be considered along with other estimates of F within the striped bass management process.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T05-319.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Welsh, S., Smith, D., Laney, R., and Tipton, R., 2007, Tag-based estimates of annual fishing mortality of a mixed atlantic coastal stock of striped bass: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 136, no. 1, p. 34-42, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-319.1.","startPage":"34","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212282,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-319.1"}],"volume":"136","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3b7e4b08c986b31fe3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welsh, S.A. 0000-0003-0362-054X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":10191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laney, R.W.","contributorId":47651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laney","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tipton, R.C.","contributorId":50056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tipton","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031775,"text":"70031775 - 2007 - Origin of pingo-like features on the Beaufort Sea shelf and their possible relationship to decomposing methane gas hydrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-06T12:04:48.491142","indexId":"70031775","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of pingo-like features on the Beaufort Sea shelf and their possible relationship to decomposing methane gas hydrates","docAbstract":"[1] The Arctic shelf is currently undergoing dramatic thermal changes caused by the continued warming associated with Holocene sea level rise. During this transgression, comparatively warm waters have flooded over cold permafrost areas of the Arctic Shelf. A thermal pulse of more than 10°C is still propagating down into the submerged sediment and may be decomposing gas hydrate as well as permafrost. A search for gas venting on the Arctic seafloor focused on pingo-like-features (PLFs) on the Beaufort Sea Shelf because they may be a direct consequence of gas hydrate decomposition at depth. Vibracores collected from eight PLFs had systematically elevated methane concentrations. ROV observations revealed streams of methane-rich gas bubbles coming from the crests of PLFs. We offer a scenario of how PLFs may be growing offshore as a result of gas pressure associated with gas hydrate decomposition.
We present two detailed 2-D density transects for the crust and uppermost mantle across southern California using a linear gravity inversion technique. This technique parameterizes the crust and upper mantle as a set of blocks that are based on published geologic and seismic models. Each block can have a range of densities that are constrained where possible by borehole measurements, seismic velocities, and petrologic data. To further constrain the models, it is assumed that the lithosphere is close to isostatic equilibrium at both ends of the profiles, in the deep ocean and east of the Mojave Desert. We calculate the lithostatic pressure variations field for the whole cross section to rule out the geophysically insignificant solutions. In the linear equation, ρ = a + bV (V, seismic P-wave velocity; ρ, density), which approximates the mantle density–velocity (ρ–V) relationship, different coefficients for b were evaluated. Lower coefficients (b < 0.2) correspond to an almost purely thermally perturbed mantle, while higher coefficients (b > 0.3) imply that other effects, such as composition and/or metamorphic changes, play an important role in the mantle. Density models were constructed with the coefficient b ranging from 0 to 0.6. The results indicate that a high b value in the mantle ρ–V relationship is associated with less dense crust in the Mojave block and more dense crust in the Catalina schist block. In the less dense Mojave block, the average density of the whole crust is ∼2.75 g/cm3, while that of the lower crust is ∼2.72 g/cm3. These densities imply a high silica content in the crust, and a minor fraction of basic rock in the lower crust, or perhaps the absence of a basaltic layer altogether. By comparison, the average density of a typical continental stable platform is ∼2.85 g/cm3. Models with higher b coefficients (0.5–0.6) are characterized by a large isostatic imbalance. On the other hand, lower b values (0–0.2) require a consolidated whole crust density in the Mojave Desert of ∼2.78 g/cm3, and a lower crust density of ∼2.89 g/cm3 with mostly basaltic composition. This contradicts the observed, lower Vp/Vs-ratio in the Mojave Desert associated with mostly felsic and low-density crust. Models with lower b coefficients (0.1–0.2) are characterized by an absence of local Airy compensation beneath the San Gabriel Mountains at the LARSE-1 profile. These, and other non-gravity arguments, suggest optimal solutions to the mantle ρ–V relation of b ∼ 0.2–0.4. This, in turn, means that both thermal and petrological effects occur inside the downwelling of the uppermost mantle high velocity body located beneath the Transverse Ranges. During the development of this mantle downwelling, the basaltic layer of the Mojave block was likely eroded and pulled down into the high velocity body. Those basaltic fragments may have been transformed into eclogites, and this metamorphic change implies a higher b-coefficient density–velocity relationship than would be expected for a purely thermal process.