We determined prevalence to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) antibodies, feline leukemia virus (FeLV) antigen, and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in feral cats (Felis catus) on Mauna Kea Hawaii from April 2002 to May 2004. Six of 68 (8.8%) and 11 of 68 (16.2%) cats were antibody positive to FIV and antigen positive for FeLV, respectively; 25 of 67 (37.3%) cats were seropositive to T. gondii. Antibodies to FeLV and T. gondii occurred in all age and sex classes, but FIV occurred only in adult males. Evidence of current or previous infections with two of these infectious agents was detected in eight of 64 cats (12.5%). Despite exposure to these infectious agents, feral cats remain abundant throughout the Hawaiian Islands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-43.2.315","usgsCitation":"Danner, R., Goltz, D.M., Hess, S., and Banko, P., 2007, Evidence of feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus, and Toxoplasma gondii in feral cats on Mauna Kea, Hawaii: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 43, no. 2, p. 315-318, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-43.2.315.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"318","costCenters":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Kea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.62820434570312,\n 19.83906000930461\n ],\n [\n -155.64880371093753,\n 19.78091902325516\n ],\n [\n -155.5279541015625,\n 19.73568357862943\n ],\n [\n -155.4730224609375,\n 19.717585810896804\n ],\n [\n -155.4071044921875,\n 19.71370745117832\n ],\n [\n -155.36041259765625,\n 19.81839009384496\n ],\n [\n -155.35766601562497,\n 19.906218644480862\n ],\n [\n -155.44830322265625,\n 19.924294950473808\n ],\n [\n -155.55953979492185,\n 19.881683211691854\n ],\n [\n -155.62820434570312,\n 19.83906000930461\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d62e4b0c8380cd52fb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danner, R.M.","contributorId":27671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danner","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goltz, Dan M.","contributorId":12648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goltz","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hess, S.C. 0000-0001-6403-9922","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":86081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banko, P.C. 0000-0002-6035-9803","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":99531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030196,"text":"70030196 - 2007 - Groundwater noble gas, age, and temperature signatures in an Alpine watershed: Valuable tools in conceptual model development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:21:21","indexId":"70030196","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater noble gas, age, and temperature signatures in an Alpine watershed: Valuable tools in conceptual model development","docAbstract":"Bedrock groundwater in alpine watersheds is poorly understood, mainly because of a scarcity of wells in alpine settings. Groundwater noble gas, age, and temperature data were collected from springs and wells with depths of 3–342 m in Handcart Gulch, an alpine watershed in Colorado. Temperature profiles indicate active groundwater circulation to a maximum depth (aquifer thickness) of about 200 m, or about 150 m below the water table. Dissolved noble gas data show unusually high excess air concentrations (>0.02 cm3 STP/g, ΔNe > 170%) in the bedrock, consistent with unusually large seasonal water table fluctuations (up to 50 m) observed in the upper part of the watershed. Apparent 3H/3He ages are positively correlated with sample depth and excess air concentrations. Integrated samples were collected from artesian bedrock wells near the trunk stream and are assumed to approximate flow‐weighted samples reflecting bedrock aquifer mean residence times. Exponential mean ages for these integrated samples are remarkably consistent along the stream, four of five being from 8 to 11 years. The tracer data in combination with other hydrologic and geologic data support a relatively simple conceptual model of groundwater flow in the watershed in which (1) permeability is primarily a function of depth; (2) water table fluctuations increase with distance from the stream; and (3) recharge, aquifer thickness, and porosity are relatively uniform throughout the watershed in spite of the geological complexity of the Proterozoic crystalline rocks that underlie it.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006WR005349","usgsCitation":"Manning, A.H., and Caine, J.S., 2007, Groundwater noble gas, age, and temperature signatures in an Alpine watershed: Valuable tools in conceptual model development: Water Resources Research, v. 43, no. 4, Article W04404; 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005349.","productDescription":"Article W04404; 16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006wr005349","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dabe4b0c8380cd5bf9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":426092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030187,"text":"70030187 - 2007 - Multiple-method estimation of recharge rates at diverse locations in the North Carolina Coastal Plain, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T10:59:46","indexId":"70030187","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple-method estimation of recharge rates at diverse locations in the North Carolina Coastal Plain, USA","docAbstract":"Recharge rates determined at diverse study sites in a shallow, unconfined aquifer differed from one another depending on the analytical method used and on each method's applicability and limitations. Total recharge was quantified with saturated-zone methods using water-table fluctuations at seven sites in North Carolina, USA and using groundwater-age dating at three of the seven sites; at two of the sites, potential recharge was quantified with an unsaturated-zone method using Darcy's law; and at five of the sites, net recharge was quantified with a stream hydrograph-separation method using streamflow-recession curves. Historical mean net recharge was 25 to 69% of the historical total recharge rates. The large disparity is attributed to groundwater losses between recharge and discharge areas, primarily by evapotranspiration and seepage to underlying aquifers. The spatial distribution of historical mean annual total recharge did not vary between landscape units, as suggested in a previous study. Similarly, total recharge did not correlate significantly with mean annual rainfall, mean annual water table depth, or the surficial soil properties of percent clay and bulk density. Total recharge did correlate significantly with the surficial soil properties of percent sand and percent silt. ?? Springer-Verlag 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10040-006-0123-3","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Coes, A., Spruill, T., and Thomasson, M., 2007, Multiple-method estimation of recharge rates at diverse locations in the North Carolina Coastal Plain, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 15, no. 4, p. 773-788, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-006-0123-3.","startPage":"773","endPage":"788","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212029,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-006-0123-3"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 33.568861182555565\n ],\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 36.57142382346277\n ],\n [\n -75.30029296875,\n 36.57142382346277\n ],\n [\n -75.30029296875,\n 33.568861182555565\n ],\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 33.568861182555565\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a608be4b0c8380cd71521","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coes, A. L. 0000-0001-6682-5417","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6682-5417","contributorId":61529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coes","given":"A. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spruill, T.B.","contributorId":76747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spruill","given":"T.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomasson, M.J.","contributorId":67286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomasson","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030194,"text":"70030194 - 2007 - Chemical contaminants in fish feeds used in federal salmonid hatcheries in the USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70030194","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical contaminants in fish feeds used in federal salmonid hatcheries in the USA","docAbstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated that fish feeds contain significant concentrations of contaminants, many of which can bioaccumulate and bioconcentrate in fish. Organochlorine (OC) contaminants are present in the fish oils and fish meals used in feed manufacture, and some researchers speculate that all fish feeds contain measurable levels of some contaminants. To determine the concentration of contaminants in feeds used in US Fish and Wildlife Service's National Fish Hatcheries, we systematically collected samples of feed from 11 cold-water fish hatcheries. All samples (collected from October 2001 to October 2003) contained at least one polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener, or dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) metabolite. Of the 55 samples in which they were analyzed 39 contained PCDDs, 24 contained PCDFs and 24 contained DDT or its metabolites. There were 10- to 150-fold differences in concentrations of total PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs and DDT. Although PCBs were the most commonly detected contaminant in our study, concentrations (range: 0.07-10.46 ng g-1 wet weight) were low compared to those reported previously. In general, we also found lower levels of OCs than reported previously in fish feed. Perhaps most notable was the near absence of OC pesticides - except for DDT or its metabolites, and two samples containing hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). While contaminant concentrations were generally low, the ecological impacts can not be determined without a measure of the bioaccumulation of these compounds in the fish and the fate of these compounds after the fish are released. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.11.029","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Maule, A., Gannam, A., and Davis, J., 2007, Chemical contaminants in fish feeds used in federal salmonid hatcheries in the USA: Chemosphere, v. 67, no. 7, p. 1308-1315, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.11.029.","startPage":"1308","endPage":"1315","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212139,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.11.029"},{"id":239575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f570e4b0c8380cd4c215","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maule, A.G.","contributorId":45067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gannam, A.L.","contributorId":81651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannam","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, J.W.","contributorId":64626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030191,"text":"70030191 - 2007 - Assessing the concentration, speciation, and toxicity of dissolved metals during mixing of acid-mine drainage and ambient river water downstream of the Elizabeth Copper Mine, Vermont, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T09:42:31","indexId":"70030191","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the concentration, speciation, and toxicity of dissolved metals during mixing of acid-mine drainage and ambient river water downstream of the Elizabeth Copper Mine, Vermont, USA","docAbstract":"The authors determine the composition of a river that is impacted by acid-mine drainage, evaluate dominant physical and geochemical processes controlling the composition, and assess dissolved metal speciation and toxicity using a combination of laboratory, field and modeling studies. Values of pH increase from 3.3 to 7.6 and the sum of dissolved base metal (Cd + Co + Cu + Ni + Pb + Zn) concentrations decreases from 6270 to 100 μg/L in the dynamic mixing and reaction zone that is downstream of the river’s confluence with acid-mine drainage. Mixing diagrams and PHREEQC calculations indicate that mixing and dilution affect the concentrations of all dissolved elements in the reach, and are the dominant processes controlling dissolved Ca, K, Li, Mn and SO4 concentrations. Additionally, dissolved Al and Fe concentrations decrease due to mineral precipitation (gibbsite, schwertmannite and ferrihydrite), whereas dissolved concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn decrease due to adsorption onto newly formed Fe precipitates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.02.005","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Balistrieri, L.S., Seal, R., Piatak, N., and Paul, B., 2007, Assessing the concentration, speciation, and toxicity of dissolved metals during mixing of acid-mine drainage and ambient river water downstream of the Elizabeth Copper Mine, Vermont, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 5, p. 930-952, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.02.005.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"930","endPage":"952","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212085,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.02.005"},{"id":239503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Elizabeth Copper Mine","volume":"22","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ede7e4b0c8380cd49abc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balistrieri, Laurie S. 0000-0002-6359-3849 balistri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6359-3849","contributorId":1406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balistrieri","given":"Laurie","email":"balistri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, R.R. II","contributorId":102097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"R.R.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatak, N.M. 0000-0002-1973-8537","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1973-8537","contributorId":46636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paul, B.","contributorId":72950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030190,"text":"70030190 - 2007 - Seismic velocity structure and seismotectonics of the eastern San Francisco Bay region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-10T11:08:16.364304","indexId":"70030190","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic velocity structure and seismotectonics of the eastern San Francisco Bay region, California","docAbstract":"The Hayward Fault System is considered the most likely fault system in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, to produce a major earthquake in the next 30 years. To better understand this fault system, we use microseismicity to study its structure and kinematics. We present a new 3D seismic-velocity model for the eastern San Francisco Bay region, using microseismicity and controlled sources, which reveals a ∼10% velocity contrast across the Hayward fault in the upper 10 km, with higher velocity in the Franciscan Complex to the west relative to the Great Valley Sequence to the east. This contrast is imaged more sharply in our localized model than in previous regional-scale models. Thick Cenozoic sedimentary basins, such as the Livermore basin, which may experience particularly strong shaking during an earthquake, are imaged in the model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120060032","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Hardebeck, J., Michael, A., and Brocher, T., 2007, Seismic velocity structure and seismotectonics of the eastern San Francisco Bay region, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 3, p. 826-842, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060032.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"826","endPage":"842","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239502,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.09890285663033,\n 38.418772287805865\n ],\n [\n -123.09890285663033,\n 37.186710878757324\n ],\n [\n -121.47362362473098,\n 37.186710878757324\n ],\n [\n -121.47362362473098,\n 38.418772287805865\n ],\n [\n -123.09890285663033,\n 38.418772287805865\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b76e4b08c986b317850","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hardebeck, J.L.","contributorId":98862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael, A.J. 0000-0002-2403-5019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":52192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030189,"text":"70030189 - 2007 - Estimating superpopulation size and annual probability of breeding for pond-breeding salamanders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030189","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating superpopulation size and annual probability of breeding for pond-breeding salamanders","docAbstract":"It has long been accepted that amphibians can skip breeding in any given year, and environmental conditions act as a cue for breeding. In this paper, we quantify temporary emigration or nonbreeding probability for mole and spotted salamanders (Ambystoma talpoideum and A. maculatum). We estimated that 70% of mole salamanders may skip breeding during an average rainfall year and 90% may skip during a drought year. Spotted salamanders may be more likely to breed, with only 17% avoiding the breeding pond during an average rainfall year. We illustrate how superpopulations can be estimated using temporary emigration probability estimates. The superpopulation is the total number of salamanders associated with a given breeding pond. Although most salamanders stay within a certain distance of a breeding pond for the majority of their life spans, it is difficult to determine true overall population sizes for a given site if animals are only captured during a brief time frame each year with some animals unavailable for capture at any time during a given year. ?? 2007 by The Herpetologists' League, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831(2007)63[151:ESSAAP]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00180831","usgsCitation":"Kinkead, K., and Otis, D.L., 2007, Estimating superpopulation size and annual probability of breeding for pond-breeding salamanders: Herpetologica, v. 63, no. 2, p. 151-162, https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831(2007)63[151:ESSAAP]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"151","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212058,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831(2007)63[151:ESSAAP]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":239469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b4be4b0c8380cd52671","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinkead, K.E.","contributorId":25359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinkead","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otis, David L.","contributorId":64396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030188,"text":"70030188 - 2007 - Urbanization and nutrient retention in freshwater riparian wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030188","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Urbanization and nutrient retention in freshwater riparian wetlands","docAbstract":"Urbanization can degrade water quality and alter watershed hydrology, with profound effects on the structure and function of both riparian wetlands (RWs) and aquatic ecosystems downstream. We used freshwater RWs in Fairfax County, Virginia, USA, as a model system to examine: (1) the effects of increasing urbanization (indexed by the percentage of impervious surface cover [%ISC] in the surrounding watershed) on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in surface soils and plant tissues, soil P saturation, and soil iron (Fe) chemistry; and (2) relationships between RW soil and plant nutrient chemistries vs. the physical and biotic integrity of adjacent streams. Soil total P and NaOH-extractable P (representing P bound to aluminum [Al] and Fe hydrous oxides) varied significantly but nonlinearly with %ISC (r2 = 0.69 and 0.57, respectively); a similar pattern was found for soil P saturation but not for soil total N. Relationships were best described by second-order polynomial equations. Riparian wetlands appear to receive greater P loads in moderately (8.6-13.3% ISC) than in highly (25.1-29.1% ISC) urbanized watersheds. These observations are consistent with alterations in watershed hydrology that occur with increasing urbanization, directing water and nutrient flows away from natural RWs. Significant increases in total and crystalline soil Fe (r 2 = 0.57 and 0.53, respectively) and decreases in relative soil Fe crystallinity with increasing %ISC suggest the mobilization and deposition of terrestrial sediments in RWs, likely due to construction activities in the surrounding watershed. Increases in RW plant tissue nutrient concentrations and %ISC in the surrounding watershed were negatively correlated with standard indices of the physical and biotic integrity of adjacent streams. In combination, these data suggest that nutrient and sediment inputs associated with urbanization and storm-water management are important variables that affect wetland ecosystem services, such as water quality improvement, in urbanizing landscapes. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/06-0185","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Hogan, D., and Walbridge, M., 2007, Urbanization and nutrient retention in freshwater riparian wetlands: Ecological Applications, v. 17, no. 4, p. 1142-1155, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0185.","startPage":"1142","endPage":"1155","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212057,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-0185"},{"id":239468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe40e4b08c986b3294a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogan, D.M.","contributorId":106711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walbridge, M.R.","contributorId":80488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walbridge","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70156270,"text":"70156270 - 2007 - A comparison of macroinvertebrate and habitat methods of data collection in the Little Colorado River Watershed, Arizona 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-10T15:11:20.909057","indexId":"70156270","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":128,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"10-05","title":"A comparison of macroinvertebrate and habitat methods of data collection in the Little Colorado River Watershed, Arizona 2007","docAbstract":"The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Ecological Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP), use different field methods for collecting macroinvertebrate samples and habitat data for bioassessment purposes. Arizona’s Biocriteria index was developed using a riffle habitat sampling methodology, whereas the EMAP method employs a multi-habitat sampling protocol. There was a need to demonstrate comparability of these different bioassessment methodologies to allow use of the EMAP multi-habitat protocol for both statewide probabilistic assessments for integration of the EMAP data into the national (305b) assessment and for targeted in-state bioassessments for 303d determinations of standards violations and impaired aquatic life conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the two methods yield similar bioassessment results, such that the data could be used interchangeably in water quality assessments. In this Regional EMAP grant funded project, a probabilistic survey of 30 sites in the Little Colorado River basin was conducted in the spring of 2007. Macroinvertebrate and habitat data were collected using both ADEQ and EMAP sampling methods, from adjacent reaches within these stream channels.
All analyses indicated that the two macroinvertebrate sampling methods were significantly correlated. ADEQ and EMAP samples were classified into the same scoring categories (meeting, inconclusive, violating the biocriteria standard) 82% of the time. When the ADEQ-IBI was applied to both the ADEQ and EMAP taxa lists, the resulting IBI scores were significantly correlated (r=0.91), even though only 4 of the 7 metrics in the IBI were significantly correlated. The IBI scores from both methods were significantly correlated to the percent of riffle habitat, even though the average percent riffle habitat was only 30% of the stream reach. Multivariate analyses found that the percent riffle was an important attribute for both datasets in classifying IBI scores into assessment categories.
Habitat measurements generated from EMAP and ADEQ methods were also significantly correlated; 13 of 16 habitat measures were significantly correlated (p<0.01). The visual-based percentage estimates of percent riffle and pool habitats, vegetative cover and percent canopy cover, and substrate measurements of percent fine substrate and embeddedness were all remarkably similar, given the different field methods used. A multivariate analysis identified substrate and flow conditions, as well as canopy cover as important combinations of habitat attributes affecting both IBI scores. These results indicate that similar habitat measures can be obtained using two different field sampling protocols. In addition, similar combinations of these habitat parameters were important to macroinvertebrate community condition in multivariate analyses of both ADEQ and EMAP datasets.
These results indicate the two sampling methods for macroinvertebrates and habitat data were very similar in terms of bioassessment results and stressors. While the bioassessment category was not identical for all sites, overall the assessments were significantly correlated, providing similar bioassessment results for the cold water streams used in this study. The findings of this study indicate that ADEQ can utilize either a riffle-based sampling methodology or a multi-habitat sampling approach in cold water streams as both yield similar results relative to the macroinvertebrate assemblage. These results will allow for use of either macroinvertebrate dataset to determine water quality standards compliance with the ADEQ Indexes of Biological Integrity, for which threshold values were just recently placed into the Arizona Surface Water Quality Standards. While this survey did not include warm water desert streams of Arizona, we would predict that EMAP and ADEQ sampling methodologies would provide similar bioassessment results and would not be significantly different, as we have found that the percent riffle habitat in cold and warm water perennial, wadeable streams is not significantly different. However, a comparison study of sampling methodologies in warm water streams should be conducted to confirm the predicted similarity of bioassessment results. ADEQ will continue to implement a monitoring strategy that includes probabilistic monitoring for a statewide ecological assessment of stream conditions. Conclusions from this study will guide decisions regarding the most appropriate sampling methods for future probabilistic monitoring sample plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"Arizona Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Spindler, P., and Paretti, N.V., 2007, A comparison of macroinvertebrate and habitat methods of data collection in the Little Colorado River Watershed, Arizona 2007: Open-File Report 10-05, 44 p.","productDescription":"44 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409294,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://azdeq.gov/surface-water-reports"},{"id":306884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Little Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.05225085860557,\n 33.997147907235785\n ],\n [\n -109.04106100464412,\n 35.15461273818636\n ],\n [\n -112.02896638603738,\n 35.17081103556828\n ],\n [\n -112.02896638603738,\n 35.05951329223615\n ],\n [\n -112.18135500293924,\n 35.01940890226042\n ],\n [\n -112.11604559569567,\n 34.930217592804965\n ],\n [\n -112.18135500293924,\n 34.76942868845617\n ],\n [\n -112.14325784871377,\n 34.675490175745026\n ],\n [\n -111.83303816430666,\n 34.39303515518253\n ],\n [\n -111.75684385585603,\n 34.410997280051035\n ],\n [\n -111.55003073291795,\n 34.42895554846932\n ],\n [\n -111.37587231360197,\n 34.35709933984734\n ],\n [\n -111.29423555454736,\n 34.42446634295791\n ],\n [\n -111.14728938824946,\n 34.384052646872874\n ],\n [\n -110.91870646289696,\n 34.29417457634274\n ],\n [\n -110.74454804358068,\n 34.177189196638395\n ],\n [\n -110.5921594266791,\n 34.16818359070621\n ],\n [\n -110.37990385313734,\n 34.01494136859705\n ],\n [\n -110.3418066989122,\n 33.8885337937307\n ],\n [\n -110.17309073019959,\n 33.90660351226566\n ],\n [\n -109.83565879277435,\n 33.94273145971013\n ],\n [\n -109.69959752768384,\n 33.93821630426183\n ],\n [\n -109.5689787131967,\n 33.96078968665205\n ],\n [\n -109.53632400957491,\n 33.59889828847642\n ],\n [\n -109.3896827960308,\n 33.56287969227705\n ],\n [\n -109.2155243767145,\n 33.71693475565631\n ],\n [\n -109.18286967309271,\n 33.93395436276049\n ],\n [\n -109.05225085860557,\n 33.997147907235785\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe8b41e4b0824b2d14a9d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spindler, Patrice","contributorId":146624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spindler","given":"Patrice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paretti, Nick V.","contributorId":146625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paretti","given":"Nick","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70186595,"text":"70186595 - 2007 - The atlantic salmon: Genetics, conservation and management","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70174091,"text":"70174091 - 2007 - Atlantic salmon genetics: Past, present and what's in the future?","indexId":"70174091","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"chapter":"15","title":"Atlantic salmon genetics: Past, present and what's in the future?"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70186595,"text":"70186595 - 2007 - The atlantic salmon: Genetics, conservation and management","indexId":"70186595","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"The atlantic salmon: Genetics, conservation and management"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-01T16:26:38","indexId":"70186595","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"The atlantic salmon: Genetics, conservation and management","docAbstract":"Atlantic Salmon is a cultural icon throughout its North Atlantic range; it is the focus of probably the World’s highest profile recreational fishery and is the basis for one of the World’s largest aquaculture industries. Despite this, many wild stocks of salmon are in decline and underpinning this is a dearth of information on the nature and extent of population structuring and adaptive population differentiation, and its implications for species conservation.
This important new book will go a long way to rectify this situation by providing a thorough review of the genetics of Atlantic salmon. Sponsored by the European Union and the Atlantic Salmon Trust, this book comprises the work of an international team of scientists, carefully integrated and edited to provide a landmark book of vital interest to all those working with Atlantic salmon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","doi":"10.1002/9780470995846","isbn":"978-1-4051-1582-7","usgsCitation":"2007, The atlantic salmon: Genetics, conservation and management, 520 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470995846.","productDescription":"520 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e60274e4b09da6799ac691","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Verspoor, Eric","contributorId":190587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verspoor","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689685,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stradmeyer, Lee","contributorId":190588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stradmeyer","given":"Lee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689686,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nielsen, Jennifer L.","contributorId":43722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":689687,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042807,"text":"cir13064A - 2007 - USGS Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center’s 2005 hurricane response and recovery activities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T12:10:17","indexId":"cir13064A","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1306","chapter":"4A","title":"USGS Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center’s 2005 hurricane response and recovery activities","docAbstract":"Sophisticated monitoring systems and analysis products were key components to emergency response and Federal recovery activities during the 2005 hurricane season. The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center worked with a number of Federal agencies to provide these types of near real-time geospatial monitoring systems and analysis products in support of crucial preassessment activities and posthurricane response.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science and the storms-the USGS response to the hurricanes of 2005 (Circular 1306)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir13064A","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 4A in Science and the storms-the USGS response to the hurricanes of 2005. See Circular 1306 for more information and other chapters.","usgsCitation":"Cress, J., Goplen, S.E., Sloan, J.L., Stefanacci, J.L., and Wilds, S.R., 2007, USGS Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center’s 2005 hurricane response and recovery activities: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1306, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir13064A.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266411,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1306_4a.jpg"},{"id":266409,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1306/"},{"id":266410,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1306/pdf/c1306_ch4_a.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana;Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.44,28.55 ], [ -91.44,30.4 ], [ -87.6,30.4 ], [ -87.6,28.55 ], [ -91.44,28.55 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5102662fe4b0d4f5ea817c6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cress, Jill J.","contributorId":76832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cress","given":"Jill J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goplen, Susan E. segoplen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goplen","given":"Susan","email":"segoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sloan, Jeff L. jlsloan@usgs.gov","contributorId":3918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"Jeff","email":"jlsloan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stefanacci, Jennifer L.","contributorId":56533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefanacci","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilds, Stanley R. srwilds@usgs.gov","contributorId":3399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilds","given":"Stanley","email":"srwilds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030789,"text":"70030789 - 2007 - Heterogeneity of soil nutrients and subsurface biota in a dryland ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70030789","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3416,"text":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heterogeneity of soil nutrients and subsurface biota in a dryland ecosystem","docAbstract":"Dryland ecosystems have long been considered to have a highly heterogeneous distribution of nutrients and soil biota, with greater concentrations of both in soils under plants relative to interspace soils. We examined the distribution of soil resources in two plant communities (dominated by either the shrub Coleogyne ramosissima or the grass Stipa hymenoides) at two locations. Interspace soils were covered either by early successional biological soil crusts (BSCs) or by later successional BSCs (dominated by nitrogen (N)-fixing cyanobacteria and lichens). For each of the 8 plant type??crust type??locations, we sampled the stem, dripline, and 3 interspace distances around each of 3 plants. Soil analyses revealed that only available potassium (Kav) and ammonium concentrations were consistently greater under plants (7 of 8 sites and 6 of 8 sites, respectively). Nitrate and iron (Fe) were greater under plants at 4 sites, while all other nutrients were greater under plants at less than 50% of the sites. In contrast, calcium, copper, clay, phosphorus (P), and zinc were often greater in the interspace than under the plants. Soil microbial biomass was always greater under the plant compared to the interspace. The community composition of N-fixing bacteria was highly variable, with no distinguishable patterns among microsites. Bacterivorous nematodes and rotifers were consistently more abundant under plants (8 and 7 sites, respectively), and fungivorous and omnivorous nematodes were greater under plants at 5 of the 8 sites. Abundance of other soil biota was greater under plants at less than 50% of the sites, but highly correlated with the availability of N, P, Kav, and Fe. Unlike other ecosystems, the soil biota was only infrequently correlated with organic matter. Lack of plant-driven heterogeneity in soils of this ecosystem is likely due to (1) interspace soils covered with BSCs, (2) little incorporation of above-ground plant litter into soils, and/or (3) root deployment patterns. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.015","issn":"00380717","usgsCitation":"Housman, D., Yeager, C., Darby, B., Sanford, R., Kuske, C., Neher, D., and Belnap, J., 2007, Heterogeneity of soil nutrients and subsurface biota in a dryland ecosystem: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 39, no. 8, p. 2138-2149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.015.","startPage":"2138","endPage":"2149","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211290,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.015"},{"id":238558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a308ce4b0c8380cd5d730","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Housman, D.C.","contributorId":6236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Housman","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yeager, C.M.","contributorId":17025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeager","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darby, B.J.","contributorId":29186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darby","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanford, R.L. Jr.","contributorId":10983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"R.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuske, C.R.","contributorId":101857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuske","given":"C.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neher, D.A.","contributorId":93683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neher","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Belnap, J. 0000-0001-7471-2279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":23872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030547,"text":"70030547 - 2007 - Status and habitat use of the California black rail in the Southwestern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T17:15:36.92358","indexId":"70030547","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status and habitat use of the California black rail in the Southwestern USA","docAbstract":"California black rails (Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus) occur in two disjunct regions: the southwestern USA (western Arizona and southern California) and northern California (Sacramento Valley and the San Francisco Bay area). We examined current status of black rails in the southwestern USA by repeating survey efforts first conducted in 1973–1974 and again in 1989, and also examined wetland plant species associated with black rail distribution and abundance. We detected 136 black rails in Arizona and southern California. Black rail numbers detected during past survey efforts were much higher than the numbers detected during our more intensive survey effort, and hence, populations have obviously declined. Plants that were more common at points with black rails included common threesquare (Schoenoplectus pungens), arrowweed (Pluchea sericea), Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii), seepwillow (Baccharis salicifolia), and mixed shrubs, with common threesquare showing the strongest association with black rail presence. Plant species and non-vegetative communities that were less common at points with black rails included California bulrush (Schoenoplectus californicus), southern cattail (Typha domingensis), upland vegetation, and open water. Black rails were often present at sites that had some saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima), but were rarely detected in areas dominated by saltcedar. We recommend that a standardized black rail survey effort be repeated annually to obtain estimates of black rail population trends. Management of existing emergent marshes with black rails is needed to maintain stands of common threesquare in early successional stages. Moreover, wetland restoration efforts that produce diverse wetland vegetation including common threesquare should be implemented to ensure that black rail populations persist in the southwestern USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[987:SAHUOT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Conway, C., and Sulzman, C., 2007, Status and habitat use of the California black rail in the Southwestern USA: Wetlands, v. 27, no. 4, p. 987-998, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[987:SAHUOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"987","endPage":"998","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.81262207031249,\n 32.72721987021932\n ],\n [\n -114.3182373046875,\n 32.72721987021932\n ],\n [\n -114.3182373046875,\n 33.15594830078649\n ],\n [\n -114.81262207031249,\n 33.15594830078649\n ],\n [\n -114.81262207031249,\n 32.72721987021932\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9789e4b08c986b31bb02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conway, C.J.","contributorId":33417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sulzman, C.","contributorId":101079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulzman","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030734,"text":"70030734 - 2007 - Can basin land use effects on physical characteristics of streams be determined at broad geographic scales?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-02T11:57:35.53579","indexId":"70030734","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can basin land use effects on physical characteristics of streams be determined at broad geographic scales?","docAbstract":"The environmental setting (e.g., climate, topography, geology) and land use affect stream physical characteristics singly and cumulatively. At broad geographic scales, we determined the importance of environmental setting and land use in explaining variation in stream physical characteristics. We hypothesized that as the spatial scale decreased from national to regional, land use would explain more of the variation in stream physical characteristics because environmental settings become more homogeneous. At a national scale, stepwise linear regression indicated that environmental setting was more important in explaining variability in stream physical characteristics. Although statistically discernible, the amount of variation explained by land use was not remarkable due to low partial correlations. At level II ecoregion spatial scales (southeastern USA plains, central USA plains, and a combination of the western Cordillera and the western interior basins and ranges), environmental setting variables were again more important predictors of stream physical characteristics, however, as the spatial scale decreased from national to regional, the portion of variability in stream physical characteristics explained by basin land use increased. Development of stream habitat indicators of land use will depend upon an understanding of relations between stream physical characteristics and environmental factors at multiple spatial scales. Smaller spatial scales will be necessary to reduce the confounding effects of variable environmental settings before the effects of land use can be reliably assessed.
Modern subaerial sand beds deposited by major tsunamis and hurricanes were compared at trench, transect, and sub-regional spatial scales to evaluate which attributes are most useful for distinguishing the two types of deposits. Physical criteria that may be diagnostic include: sediment composition, textures and grading, types and organization of stratification, thickness, geometry, and landscape conformity.
Published reports of Pacific Ocean tsunami impacts and our field observations suggest that sandy tsunami deposits are generally < 25 cm thick, extend hundreds of meters inland from the beach, and fill microtopography but generally conform to the antecedent landscape. They commonly are a single homogeneous bed that is normally graded overall, or that consists of only a few thin layers. Mud intraclasts and mud laminae within the deposit are strong evidence of tsunami deposition. Twig orientation or other indicators of return flow during bed aggradation are also diagnostic of tsunami deposits. Sandy storm deposits tend to be > 30 cm thick, generally extend < 300 m from the beach, and will not advance beyond the antecedent macrotopography they are able to fill. They typically are composed of numerous subhorizontal planar laminae organized into multiple laminasets that are normally or inversely graded, they do not contain internal mud laminae and rarely contain mud intraclasts. Application of these distinguishing characteristics depends on their preservation potential and any deposit modifications that accompany burial.
The distinctions between tsunami and storm deposits are related to differences in the hydrodynamics and sediment-sorting processes during transport. Tsunami deposition results from a few high-velocity, long-period waves that entrain sediment from the shoreface, beach, and landward erosion zone. Tsunamis can have flow depths greater than 10 m, transport sediment primarily in suspension, and distribute the load over a broad region where sediment falls out of suspension when flow decelerates. In contrast, storm inundation generally is gradual and prolonged, consisting of many waves that erode beaches and dunes with no significant overland return flow until after the main flooding. Storm flow depths are commonly < 3 m, sediment is transported primarily as bed load by traction, and the load is deposited within a zone relatively close to the beach.
Published reports of Pacific Ocean tsunami impacts and our field observations suggest that sandy tsunami deposits are generally < 25 cm thick, extend hundreds of meters inland from the beach, and fill microtopography but generally conform to the antecedent landscape. They commonly are a single homogeneous bed that is normally graded overall, or that consists of only a few thin layers. Mud intraclasts and mud laminae within the deposit are strong evidence of tsunami deposition. Twig orientation or other indicators of return flow during bed aggradation are also diagnostic of tsunami deposits. Sandy storm deposits tend to be > 30 cm thick, generally extend < 300 m from the beach, and will not advance beyond the antecedent macrotopography they are able to fill. They typically are composed of numerous subhorizontal planar laminae organized into multiple laminasets that are normally or inversely graded, they do not contain internal mud laminae and rarely contain mud intraclasts. Application of these distinguishing characteristics depends on their preservation potential and any deposit modifications that accompany burial.
The distinctions between tsunami and storm deposits are related to differences in the hydrodynamics and sediment-sorting processes during transport. Tsunami deposition results from a few high-velocity, long-period waves that entrain sediment from the shoreface, beach, and landward erosion zone. Tsunamis can have flow depths greater than 10 m, transport sediment primarily in suspension, and distribute the load over a broad region where sediment falls out of suspension when flow decelerates. In contrast, storm inundation generally is gradual and prolonged, consisting of many waves that erode beaches and dunes with no significant overland return flow until after the main flooding. Storm flow depths are commonly < 3 m, sediment is transported primarily as bed load by traction, and the load is deposited within a zone relatively close to the beach.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.sedgeo.2007.01.003","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., Gelfenbaum, G., and Jaffe, B.E., 2007, Physical criteria for distinguishing sandy tsunami and storm deposits using modern examples: Sedimentary Geology, v. 200, no. 3-4, p. 184-207, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2007.01.003.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"184","endPage":"207","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239083,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"200","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7aa5e4b0c8380cd79002","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":88333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030722,"text":"70030722 - 2007 - Three new percid fishes (Percidae: Percina) from the Mobile Basin drainage of Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-16T16:12:18.024251","indexId":"70030722","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3814,"text":"Zootaxa","onlineIssn":"1175-5334","printIssn":"1175-5326","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three new percid fishes (Percidae: Percina) from the Mobile Basin drainage of Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee","docAbstract":"Three new species of Percina are described from upland drainages of the Mobile Basin. Two of the three species are narrowly distributed: P. kusha, the Bridled Darter, is currently known only from the Conasauga River drainage in Georgia and Tennessee and Etowah River drainage in Georgia, both tributaries of the Coosa River, and P. sipsi, the Bankhead Darter, which is restricted to tributaries of Sipsey Fork of the Black Warrior River in northwestern Alabama. The third species, P. smithvanizi, the Muscadine Darter, occurs above the Fall Line in the Tallapoosa River drainage in eastern Alabama and western Georgia. In a molecular analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence data, P. kusha and P. smithvanizi were recovered as sister species, while Percina sipsi was recovered in a clade consisting of P. aurolineata (P. sciera + P. sipsi). Two of the three species, P. kusha and P. sipsi, are considered to be imperiled species and are in need of conservation actions to prevent their extinction. Description of these three darters increases the number of described species of Percina to 44. Sixteen are known to occur in the Mobile Basin, including nine that are endemic.
","language":"English","publisher":"Magnolia Press","doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.1549.1.1","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., Neely, D., Walsh, S., and Burkhead, N., 2007, Three new percid fishes (Percidae: Percina) from the Mobile Basin drainage of Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee: Zootaxa, no. 1549, p. 1-28, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1549.1.1.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"28","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 35.567980458012094\n ],\n [\n -90.4833984375,\n 34.70549341022544\n ],\n [\n -89.82421875,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -89.1650390625,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 30.372875188118016\n ],\n [\n -85.8251953125,\n 30.637912028341123\n ],\n [\n -81.123046875,\n 30.486550842588485\n ],\n [\n -80.8154296875,\n 32.32427558887655\n ],\n [\n -82.177734375,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -83.3642578125,\n 35.31736632923788\n ],\n [\n -81.0791015625,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -89.20898437499999,\n 36.421282443649496\n ],\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 35.567980458012094\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"1549","edition":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb311e4b08c986b325b71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, J.D.","contributorId":74701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neely, D.A.","contributorId":103083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neely","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walsh, S. J. 0000-0002-1009-8537","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-8537","contributorId":62171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"S. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burkhead, N.M.","contributorId":34456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhead","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030787,"text":"70030787 - 2007 - Differential expression of gill Na+,K+-ATPaseα - and β-subunits, Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR anion channel in juvenile anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon Salmo salar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-06T12:54:11","indexId":"70030787","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2275,"text":"Journal of Experimental Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential expression of gill Na+,K+-ATPaseα - and β-subunits, Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR anion channel in juvenile anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon Salmo salar","docAbstract":"This study examines changes in gill Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) α- and β-subunit isoforms, Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR I and II) in anadromous and landlocked strains of Atlantic salmon during parr-smolt transformation, and after seawater (SW) transfer in May/June. Gill NKA activity increased from February through April, May and June among both strains in freshwater (FW), with peak enzyme activity in the landlocked salmon being 50% below that of the anadromous fish in May and June. Gill NKA-α1b, -α3, -β1 and NKCC mRNA levels in anadromous salmon increased transiently, reaching peak levels in smolts in April/May, whereas no similar smolt-related upregulation of these transcripts occurred in juvenile landlocked salmon. Gill NKA-α1a mRNA decreased significantly in anadromous salmon from February through June, whereas α1a levels in landlocked salmon, after an initial decrease in April, remained significantly higher than those of the anadromous smolts in May and June. Following SW transfer, gill NKA-α1b and NKCC mRNA increased in both strains, whereas NKA-α1a decreased. Both strains exhibited a transient increase in gill NKA α-protein abundance, with peak levels in May. Gill α-protein abundance was lower in SW than corresponding FW values in June. Gill NKCC protein abundance increased transiently in anadromous fish, with peak levels in May, whereas a slight increase was observed in landlocked salmon in May, increasing to peak levels in June. Gill CFTR I mRNA levels increased significantly from February to April in both strains, followed by a slight, though not significant increase in May and June. CFTR I mRNA levels were significantly lower in landlocked than anadromous salmon in April/June. Gill CFTR II mRNA levels did not change significantly in either strain. Our findings demonstrates that differential expression of gill NKA-α1a, -α1b and -α3 isoforms may be important for potential functional differences in NKA, both during preparatory development and during salinity adjustments in salmon. Furthermore, landlocked salmon have lost some of the unique preparatory upregulation of gill NKA, NKCC and, to some extent, CFTR anion channel associated with the development of hypo-osmoregulatory ability in anadromous salmon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Company of Biologists Limited","doi":"10.1242/jeb.002873","issn":"00220949","usgsCitation":"Nilsen, T., Ebbesson, L., Madsen, S.S., McCormick, S., Andersson, E., Bjornsson, B.T., Prunet, P., and Stefansson, S.O., 2007, Differential expression of gill Na+,K+-ATPaseα - and β-subunits, Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR anion channel in juvenile anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon Salmo salar: Journal of Experimental Biology, v. 210, no. 16, p. 2885-2896, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.002873.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2885","endPage":"2896","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211262,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.002873"}],"volume":"210","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00f9e4b0c8380cd4fa0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nilsen, Tom O.","contributorId":98106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nilsen","given":"Tom O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ebbesson, Lars O.E.","contributorId":58836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebbesson","given":"Lars O.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madsen, Steffen S.","contributorId":65404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"Steffen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":2197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen D.","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":428669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andersson, Eva","contributorId":90931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersson","given":"Eva","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bjornsson, Bjorn Thrandur","contributorId":28928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjornsson","given":"Bjorn","email":"","middleInitial":"Thrandur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Prunet, Patrick","contributorId":99365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prunet","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stefansson, Sigurd O.","contributorId":13857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefansson","given":"Sigurd","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70192571,"text":"70192571 - 2007 - Characterization of nutrient, organic carbon, and sediment loads and concentrations from the Mississippi River into the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T14:58:44","indexId":"70192571","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of nutrient, organic carbon, and sediment loads and concentrations from the Mississippi River into the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"We synthesize and update the science supporting the Action Plan for Reducing, Mitigating, and Controlling Hypoxia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (Mississippi River/Gulf of Mexico Watershed Nutrient Task Force 2001) with a focus on the spatial and temporal discharge and patterns of nutrient and organic carbon delivery to the northern Gulf of Mexico, including data through 2006. The discharge of the Mississippi River watershed over 200 years varies but is not demonstrably increasing or decreasing. About 30% of the Mississippi River was shunted westward to form the Atchafalaya River, which redistributed water and nutrient loads on the shelf. Data on nitrogen concentrations from the early 1900s demonstrate that the seasonal and annual concentrations in the lower river have increased considerably since then, including a higher spring loading, following the increase in fertilizer applications after World WarII. The loading of total nitrogen (TN) fell from 1990 to 2006, but the loading of total phosphorus (TP) has risen slightly, resulting in a decline in the TN:TP ratios. The present TN:TP ratios hover around an average indicative of potential nitrogen limitation on phytoplankton growth, or balanced growth limitation, but not phosphorus limitation. The dissolved nitrogen:dissolved silicate ratios are near the Redfield ratio indicative of growth limitations on diatoms. Although nutrient concentrations are relatively high compared to those in many other large rivers, the water quality in the Mississippi River is not unique in that nutrient loads can be described by a variety of land-use models. There is no net removal of nitrogen from water flowing through the Atchafalaya basin, but the concentrations of TP and suspended sediments are lower at the exit point (Morgan City, Louisiana) than in the water entering the Atchafalaya basin. The removal of nutrients entering offshore waters through diversion of river water into wetlands is presently less than 1% of the total loadings going directly offshore, and would be less than 8% if the 10,093 km2 of coastal wetlands were successfully engineered for that purpose. Wetland loss is an insignificant contribution to the carbon loading offshore, compared to in situ marine production. The science-based conclusions in the Action Plan about nutrient loads and sources to the hypoxic zone off Louisiana are sustained by research and monitoring occurring in the subsequent 10 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02841333","usgsCitation":"Turner, R., Rabalais, N.N., Alexander, R.B., McIsaac, G., and Howarth, R.W., 2007, Characterization of nutrient, organic carbon, and sediment loads and concentrations from the Mississippi River into the northern Gulf of Mexico: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 30, no. 5, p. 773-790, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02841333.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"773","endPage":"790","ipdsId":"IP-003277","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347502,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River","volume":"30","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07fcf2e4b09af898c8ce3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabalais, N. N.","contributorId":198497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rabalais","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12699,"text":"Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McIsaac, G.","contributorId":198496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIsaac","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16984,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howarth, R. W.","contributorId":48126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howarth","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70160501,"text":"70160501 - 2007 - Procedures for the salvage and necropsy of the dugong (Dugong dugon)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T10:11:46","indexId":"70160501","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":13,"text":"Handbook"},"seriesNumber":"85","subseriesTitle":"Research Publication","title":"Procedures for the salvage and necropsy of the dugong (Dugong dugon)","docAbstract":"Data and specimens collected from dugong carcasses and live stranded individuals provide vital information for research and management agencies. The ability to assign a cause of death (natural and/or human induced) to a carcass assists managers to identify major threats to a population in certain areas and to evaluate and adapt management measures. Data collected
from dugong carcasses have contributed to research in areas such as life history, feeding biology, investigating the stock structure/genetics of dugongs, contaminants studies, heavy metal analyses, parasitology, and the effects of habitat change. Adapted from the 'Manual of Procedures for the Salvage and Necropsy of Carcasses of the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus),' this manual provides a detailed guide for dugong (Dugong dugon) carcass handling and necropsy procedures. It is intended to be used as a resource and training guide for anyone involved in dugong incidents who may lack dugong expertise.
This report presents some strategies to predict metal mobility at mining sites. These strategies are based on chemical, physical, and geochemical information about metals and their interactions with the environment. An overview of conceptual models, metal sources, and relative mobility of metals under different geochemical conditions is presented, followed by a discussion of some important physical and chemical properties of metals that affect their mobility, bioavailability, and toxicity. The physical and chemical properties lead into a discussion of the importance of the chemical speciation of metals. Finally, environmental and geochemical processes and geochemical barriers that affect metal speciation are discussed. Some additional concepts and applications are briefly presented at the end of this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/2007.4017(03)","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.S., 2007, Strategies to predict metal mobility in surficial mining environments: Reviews in Engineering Geology, v. 17, p. 25-45, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.4017(03).","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":298727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550aa1bfe4b02e76d7590c06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160499,"text":"70160499 - 2007 - Feedback effects between the food chain and induced defense strategies: Chapter 11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T09:58:56","indexId":"70160499","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Feedback effects between the food chain and induced defense strategies: Chapter 11","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"From energetics to ecosystems: The dynamics and structure of ecological systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-5337-5_11","usgsCitation":"Rooney, N., McCann, K.S., and Noakes, D., 2007, Feedback effects between the food chain and induced defense strategies: Chapter 11, chap. of From energetics to ecosystems: The dynamics and structure of ecological systems, p. 213-235, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5337-5_11.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"235","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567930c7e4b0da412f4fb563","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rooney, Neil","contributorId":150769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rooney","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCann, K. S.","contributorId":150770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCann","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noakes, D.L.G.","contributorId":102674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noakes","given":"D.L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016425,"text":"1016425 - 2007 - The state of the art in raptor electrocution research: A global review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-19T17:50:21.526996","indexId":"1016425","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The state of the art in raptor electrocution research: A global review","docAbstract":"We systematically reviewed the raptor electrocution literature to evaluate study designs and methods used in raptor electrocution research, mitigation, and monitoring, emphasizing original research published in English. Specifically, we wondered if three decades of effort to reduce raptor electrocutions has had positive effects. The majority of literature examined came from North America, western Europe, and South Africa. In spite of intensive and often sustained effort by industry and governments across three continents for 30 years, reductions in the incidence of electrocution have been demonstrated in only a few studies. Reliable rate estimates of electrocution mortality generally are unavailable, with some exceptions.\r\nNearly half of 110 studies we analyzed in detail were retrospective reviews of historical mortality records, banding data, or results of necropsies on dead birds received at pathology and veterinary facilities. Among prospective studies, less than half used unbiased approaches to sampling and many did not provide enough detail to assess the sampling design used. At this time, few researchers can demonstrate the reliability of standardized retrofitting procedures or the effectiveness of monitoring techniques. Future progress in reducing raptor mortalities on power lines will benefit from properly designed studies that generate rate estimates of mortality, address biasing factors, and include predictions concerning risk and techniques to reduce risk that can be tested in the field or laboratory.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2006.09.015","usgsCitation":"Lehman, R.N., Kennedy, P., and Savidge, J.A., 2007, The state of the art in raptor electrocution research: A global review: Biological Conservation, v. 136, no. 2, p. 159-174, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2006.09.015.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"174","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"136","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db635481","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lehman, Robert N.","contributorId":47746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, P.L.","contributorId":78680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188404,"text":"70188404 - 2007 - Monitoring volcano threats from space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-08T12:28:16","indexId":"70188404","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1440,"text":"Earthzine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring volcano threats from space","docAbstract":"Volcanoes can have extremely wide ranging effects. Even a single eruption can cause disastrous climate changes at great distance from the source. Thus, it is important to have a system to monitor even the most remote volcanoes. The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) on the Terra spacecraft and other satellite sensors provide imagery that is critical to the global volcano monitoring solution.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","usgsCitation":"Duda, K., Wessels, R.L., Ramsey, M., and Dehn, J., 2007, Monitoring volcano threats from space: Earthzine, v. December, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342291,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://earthzine.org/2007/12/21/monitoring-volcano-threats-from-space/"},{"id":342292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"December","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593ad6fbe4b0764e6c60216b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duda, Kenneth A. duda@usgs.gov","contributorId":2915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Kenneth A.","email":"duda@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wessels, Rick L. rwessels@usgs.gov","contributorId":566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessels","given":"Rick","email":"rwessels@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramsey, Michael","contributorId":83422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dehn, Jonathan","contributorId":49322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dehn","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187643,"text":"70187643 - 2007 - The Alaska Resource Data File","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T16:53:20","indexId":"70187643","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3539,"text":"The Alaska Miner","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Alaska Resource Data File","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Mining Association","usgsCitation":"Grybeck, D.J., Wilson, F.H., and Bickerstaff, D., 2007, The Alaska Resource Data File: The Alaska Miner, v. 35, no. 5, p. 6-17.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341174,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"35","issue":"5","publicComments":"Pages 6-7 and 16-17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59155451e4b01a342e69135d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grybeck, D. J.","contributorId":47367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grybeck","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bickerstaff, D P.","contributorId":69181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickerstaff","given":"D P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}