{"pageNumber":"234","pageRowStart":"5825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184644,"records":[{"id":70249799,"text":"70249799 - 2023 - Assay validation of saliva glucocorticoids in Columbia spotted frogs and effects of handling and marking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-28T13:04:53.176976","indexId":"70249799","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-10T08:03:33","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17081,"text":"Conservation Physiology Toolbox","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assay validation of saliva glucocorticoids in Columbia spotted frogs and effects of handling and marking","docAbstract":"

Non-invasive methods are important to the field of conservation physiology to reduce negative effects on organisms being studied. Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones are often used to assess health of individuals, but collection methods can be invasive. Many amphibians are imperiled worldwide, and saliva is a non- or semi-invasive matrix to measure GCs that has been partially validated for only four amphibian species. Validation ensures that assays are reliable and can detect changes in saliva corticosterone (sCORT) after exposure to stressors, but it is also necessary to ensure sCORT concentrations are correlated with plasma concentrations. To help validate the use of saliva in assessing CORT responses in amphibians, we captured uniquely marked Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) on sequential days and collected baseline and stress-induced (after handling) samples. For a subset of individuals, we collected and quantified CORT in both saliva and blood samples, which have not been compared for amphibians. We tested several aspects of CORT responses and, by collecting across separate days, measured repeatability of CORT responses across days. We also evaluated whether methods common to amphibian conservation, such as handling alone or handling, clipping a toe and tagging elevated sCORT. Similar to previous studies, we show that sCORT is reliable concerning parallelism, recovery, precision and sensitivity. sCORT was weakly correlated with plasma CORT (R2 = 0.21), and we detected elevations in sCORT after handling, demonstrating biological validation. Toe clipping and tagging did not increase sCORT over handling alone, but repeated handling elevated sCORT for ~72 hours. However, sCORT responses were highly variable and repeatability was low within individuals and among capture sessions, contrary to previous studies with urinary and waterborne CORT. sCORT is a semi-invasive and rapid technique that could be useful to assess effects of anthropogenic change and conservation efforts, but will require careful study design and future validation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coad078","usgsCitation":"Tornabene, B.J., Hossack, B., and Breuner, C.W., 2023, Assay validation of saliva glucocorticoids in Columbia spotted frogs and effects of handling and marking: Conservation Physiology Toolbox, v. 11, no. 1, coad078, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coad078.","productDescription":"coad078, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152516","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coad078","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":422229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tornabene, Brian J. 0000-0002-2348-3119","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-3119","contributorId":303977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornabene","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":229347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breuner, Creagh W.","contributorId":331253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breuner","given":"Creagh","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70249786,"text":"70249786 - 2023 - Combining resilience and resistance with threat-based approaches for prioritizing management actions in sagebrush ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T17:40:10.691627","indexId":"70249786","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-10T07:06:07","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combining resilience and resistance with threat-based approaches for prioritizing management actions in sagebrush ecosystems","docAbstract":"

The sagebrush biome is a dryland region in the western United States experiencing rapid transformations to novel ecological states. Threat-based approaches for managing anthropogenic and ecosystem threats have recently become prominent, but successfully mitigating threats depends on the ecological resilience of ecosystems. We used a spatially explicit approach for prioritizing management actions that combined a threat-based model with models of resilience to disturbance and resistance to annual grass invasion. The threat-based model assessed geographic patterns in sagebrush ecological integrity (SEI) to identify core sagebrush, growth opportunity, and other rangeland areas. The resilience and resistance model identified ecologically relevant climate and soil water availability indicators from process-based ecohydrological models. The SEI areas and resilience and resistance indicators were consistent—the resilience and resistance indicators showed generally positive relationships with the SEI areas. They also were complementary—SEI areas provided information on intact sagebrush areas and threats, while resilience and resistance provided information on responses to disturbances and management actions. The SEI index and resilience and resistance indicators provide the basis for prioritizing conservation and restoration actions and determining appropriate strategies. The difficulty and time required to conserve or restore SEI areas increase as threats increases and resilience and resistance decrease.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13021","usgsCitation":"Chambers, J., Brown, J.L., Bradford, J., Doherty, K., Crist, M., Schlaepfer, D.R., Urza, A.K., and Short, K., 2023, Combining resilience and resistance with threat-based approaches for prioritizing management actions in sagebrush ecosystems: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 5, no. 11, e13021, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13021.","productDescription":"e13021, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-155040","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441910,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13021","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":422185,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 46\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":328379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne C.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jessi L.","contributorId":44817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Jessi","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13184,"text":"Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doherty, Kevin 0000-0003-3635-7346","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3635-7346","contributorId":176149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doherty","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":887031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crist, Michele R.","contributorId":178453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crist","given":"Michele R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":887032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel Rodolphe 0000-0001-9973-2065","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-2065","contributorId":225569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Rodolphe","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Urza, Alexandra K. 0000-0001-9795-6735","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-6735","contributorId":261259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Urza","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16848,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Short, Karen","contributorId":328378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Short","given":"Karen","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70250372,"text":"70250372 - 2023 - Social vulnerability and geographic access barriers to earthquake early warning education in museums and other free choice learning environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-10T21:21:13.261847","indexId":"70250372","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-10T06:59:12","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2036,"text":"International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Social vulnerability and geographic access barriers to earthquake early warning education in museums and other free choice learning environments","docAbstract":"

Given the earthquake risk on the West Coast of the United States, individuals and communities require a basic understanding of ShakeAlert earthquake early warning technology, which may provide crucial seconds of warning. Free choice learning environments (FCLEs), such as museums, public libraries, and national parks, are uniquely positioned to expand the reach of earthquake early warning through educational initiatives and resources. Earthquake education in these spaces creates awareness of earthquake hazards and risk in areas where people live or visit and may also increase engagement in preparedness behavior as they are trusted sources of information in their communities. However, population demographics within the ShakeAlert states has yet to be examined; audience segmentation theories require a better understanding of the demographics of the people the system seeks to serve. Here we build upon previous typology research that examined over 150 earthquake displays around the United States and found that most did not include information about earthquake preparedness or associated protective actions. This new research shifts to a hierarchical clustering analysis that identifies seven main population groups within the ShakeAlert states. We also find that the cost of admission and the geographic distance away from FCLEs, including the potential cost and time of transportation, may lead to an urban-rural divide in visitor access. Using audience segmentation theories as related to earthquakes, we can understand critical barriers to FCLEs and opportunities for ShakeAlert education. As earthquake early warning systems expand internationally, thoughtful and equitable education initiatives are beneficial to reach critical audiences.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.104011","usgsCitation":"Sumy, D.F., Drakes, O.O., McBride, S., and Jenkins, M.R., 2023, Social vulnerability and geographic access barriers to earthquake early warning education in museums and other free choice learning environments: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, v. 97, 104011, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.104011.","productDescription":"104011, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147307","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423263,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": 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Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McBride, Sara","contributorId":350763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Sara","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":926945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenkins, Mariah R.","contributorId":332165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Mariah","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":889598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249530,"text":"70249530 - 2023 - Does release size into net-pens affect survival of captively reared juvenile endangered suckers in Upper Klamath Lake?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-07T16:19:31.381331","indexId":"70249530","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-10T06:56:31","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does release size into net-pens affect survival of captively reared juvenile endangered suckers in Upper Klamath Lake?","docAbstract":"

Objective

High juvenile mortality prevents recruitment into the adult populations of endangered Shortnose Sucker Chasmistes brevirostris and Lost River Sucker Deltistes luxatus in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. To address the lack of recruitment, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service implemented the Sucker Assisted Rearing Program (SARP). Managers developing the rearing program lack information about how length at release relates to survival. To determine how initial length affects survival of captively reared juvenile suckers, we introduced juvenile suckers from the SARP into three net-pens in Upper Klamath Lake.

Methods

The juvenile suckers ranged from 102 to 284 mm standard length, and each fish was tagged with a passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag. Fish were monitored continuously by PIT antennas and mortality was inferred when movements ceased.

Result

Estimated survival over 57 days was high in all net-pens (0.79–1.00) and remained high at two net-pens for 76 and 86 days. Adjusted survival curves resulting from a stratified Cox model with standard length as a covariate, indicated that length positively influenced predicted survival by as much as 41% at one site. During the study, pH and dissolved oxygen regularly exceeded no-effect thresholds at two sites and briefly reached lethal thresholds at the same two sites but did not coincide with the observed mortalities. Slower growth and the lowest survival were observed at the third site, where water quality never exceeded thresholds.

Conclusion

A larger release size and the location of the net-pen can improve the survivability of juvenile suckers in net-pens in Upper Klamath Lake.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10933","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, J.M., Burdick, S.M., Krause, J.R., and Harris, A., 2023, Does release size into net-pens affect survival of captively reared juvenile endangered suckers in Upper Klamath Lake?: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 5, p. 1322-1336, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10933.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1322","endPage":"1336","ipdsId":"IP-144776","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":435151,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JE15XZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Detections, Physical Captures, Water Quality, and Fish Health associated with Endangered Suckers in Three Net Pens in Upper Klamath Lake, 2020"},{"id":421902,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.2589402064643,\n 42.721377871574475\n ],\n [\n -122.2589402064643,\n 42.11308416751328\n ],\n [\n -121.54757546037055,\n 42.11308416751328\n ],\n [\n -121.54757546037055,\n 42.721377871574475\n ],\n [\n -122.2589402064643,\n 42.721377871574475\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caldwell, John Michael 0000-0002-3210-2226","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3210-2226","contributorId":328462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krause, Jacob Richard 0000-0002-9804-2481","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-2481","contributorId":300701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krause","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Alta C. 0000-0002-2123-3028 aharris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2123-3028","contributorId":3490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Alta C.","email":"aharris@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70256494,"text":"70256494 - 2023 - Assessment of lesser prairie-chicken translocation through survival and lek surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-19T17:40:37.165449","indexId":"70256494","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-10T06:13:28","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of lesser prairie-chicken translocation through survival and lek surveys","docAbstract":"

Translocation is a management tool used to restore or augment wildlife populations, but outcomes of translocations are often poorly documented and can have varying levels of success for improving wildlife population declines. The lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) is a prairie grouse endemic to the southern Great Plains. In response to declining abundance and distribution, in 2023 lesser prairie-chickens were listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act in different states. Translocation is a potential management response to population declines when there is an availability of unoccupied habitats, but translocation efficacy has not been evaluated for lesser prairie-chickens. We translocated 411 lesser prairie-chickens seasonally from 2016-2019 and monitored the translocated lesser prairie-chicken population from 2017–2022. To assess translocation as a management tool for lesser prairie-chickens, we estimated survival for 2017–2020 and conducted lek surveys during 2017–2022. Over a fifth (22.8%, n = 94) of translocated birds either died or went missing within the first 2 weeks following release. Survival rates of translocated birds during the breeding (0.44 ± 0.02 [SE]) and nonbreeding (0.55 ± 0.03 [SE]) seasons were relatively low compared to nontranslocated lesser prairie-chickens in other studies (0.63–0.93 for breeding season; 0.43–0.87 for non-breeding season). Twenty-seven percent of translocated birds survived to the breeding season after release (i.e., >1 year). Translocated lesser prairie-chickens initiated 28 lekking sites over the study period. We estimated 77% of males available >2 weeks post release participated in lekking activity. The number of leks and male high counts on leks in the study area increased after translocation, peaking one year post-translocation (an overall increase of 250% and 340%, respectively). However, both the number of leks and male high counts decreased (48% and 39%, respectively) within 3 years after translocation cessation. Establishment of leks and increasing lek attendance directly following translocation initially suggested that translocation could be a viable management tool. However, survival rates after translocation and declining lek counts following translocation indicates that the increased population abundance and occupied range from this translocation effort may be unsustainable. Our results highlight the necessity of monitoring to determine outcomes of a large lesser prairie-chicken translocation. Other management strategies, such as targeted grassland restoration and management in areas of greatest lesser prairie-chicken density, could be more beneficial for conservation of lesser prairie-chicken populations.


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H.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reitz, Jonathan H.","contributorId":340896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reitz","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":39887,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sullins, Daniel S.","contributorId":275280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullins","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fricke, Kent A.","contributorId":340897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fricke","given":"Kent A.","affiliations":[{"id":81167,"text":"Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schultz, Kraig A.","contributorId":340898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Kraig A.","affiliations":[{"id":81167,"text":"Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rossi, Liza G.","contributorId":341144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rossi","given":"Liza","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":39887,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70263689,"text":"70263689 - 2023 - Influences of landscape composition on hunter-harvested mallard body mass and condition in eastern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-20T15:27:07.492566","indexId":"70263689","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16872,"text":"The Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of landscape composition on hunter-harvested mallard body mass and condition in eastern Arkansas","docAbstract":"

Waterfowl with more body mass and a greater body condition during the non-breeding season are thought to be more likely to survive and have increased productivity during the following breeding season. Body mass and body condition in waterfowl should reflect the resources available to them locally. We analyzed the relationship of landscape composition on mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) body mass and body condition (mass-wing length index) among age and sex groups. We calculated these variables from hunter-harvested mallards during the 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 duck hunting seasons in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Arkansas, USA. We used linear mixed-effects models to analyze changes in body mass and body condition with changes in the percent landscape composition of water cover, woody wetlands, herbaceous wetlands, rice, soybeans, and disturbance. We found that body mass and condition of harvested mallards were positively associated with greater proportions of water cover and woody wetlands but negatively associated with greater proportions of herbaceous wetlands and human disturbance from human infrastructure. Management actions focused on providing flooded and woody wetland areas on the landscape that allow waterfowl to access food resources, while decreasing the disturbance around wetlands in the form of road density and human infrastructure, should increase body mass and body condition in mallards spending the non-breeding season in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22509","usgsCitation":"Veon, J., Krementz, D., Naylor, L., and DeGregorio, B.A., 2023, Influences of landscape composition on hunter-harvested mallard body mass and condition in eastern Arkansas: The Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 88, no. 1, e22509, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22509.","productDescription":"e22509, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-139908","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22509","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":482266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"eastern 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Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeGregorio, Brett Alexander 0000-0002-5273-049X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-049X","contributorId":243214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGregorio","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249494,"text":"70249494 - 2023 - Spatially explicit models of seed availability improve predictions of conifer regeneration following the 2018 Carr Fire in northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-11T11:53:00.481682","indexId":"70249494","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-09T06:49:50","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatially explicit models of seed availability improve predictions of conifer regeneration following the 2018 Carr Fire in northern California","docAbstract":"

For many conifer species in dry conifer forests of North America, seeds must be present for postfire regeneration to occur, suggesting that seed dispersal from surviving trees plays a critical role in postfire forest recovery. However, the application of tree fecundity and spatial arrangement to postfire conifer recovery predictions have only recently become more common, and is often included at relatively coarse scales (i.e., 30 meters). In this study, we mapped surviving trees using lidar and created a spatially explicit estimate of seed density (seed shadows) with 10 m, 50 m, and 100 m median dispersal distances. We estimated the number of seeds produced by each tree using allometric relationships between tree size and fecundity. Along with the seed shadows, we used a suite of topographic variables as inputs to negative binomial hurdle models to predict conifer seedling abundance in 131 plots following the 2018 Carr Fire in northern California, USA. We compared models using each of the seed shadows to each other as well as to a model using the distance to the nearest surviving tree, which served as a baseline. All model formulations indicated that estimated seed availability was positively associated with conifer regeneration. Despite the importance of seed availability plays in regeneration and the substantial differences in seed availability represented by the different seed shadows in our analysis, we found surprisingly little difference in model performance regardless of which seed shadow was used. However, the models employing seed shadows outperformed the models with distance to the nearest live tree. Although we have demonstrated a modest improvement in predicting postfire conifer regeneration, the uncertainty in our results highlights the importance of tree detection and classification in future studies of this kind. Future studies may find it useful to consider other factors such as predation, site suitability, and seed mortality as potential drivers of discrepancies between total and realized dispersal kernels.

","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2023.1229123","usgsCitation":"Wright, M., van Mantgem, P., Buffington, K., Thorne, K., Engber, E., and Smith, S., 2023, Spatially explicit models of seed availability improve predictions of conifer regeneration following the 2018 Carr Fire in northern California: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, 1229123, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1229123.","productDescription":"1229123, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-144707","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441917,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1229123","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P95G11FE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Describing Site Characteristics Including Conifer Regeneration Following the 2018 Carr Fire in Whiskeytown National Recreation Area"},{"id":421845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.70403381568622,\n 42.02674004186227\n ],\n [\n -124.70403381568622,\n 39.42971050773687\n ],\n [\n -121.56194397193622,\n 39.42971050773687\n ],\n [\n -121.56194397193622,\n 42.02674004186227\n ],\n [\n -124.70403381568622,\n 42.02674004186227\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Micah C. 0000-0002-5324-1110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-1110","contributorId":229071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Micah","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":204320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buffington, Kevin J. 0000-0001-9741-1241 kbuffington@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9741-1241","contributorId":4775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buffington","given":"Kevin","email":"kbuffington@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":204579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engber, Eamon","contributorId":202777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engber","given":"Eamon","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Sean","contributorId":276400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Sean","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70248039,"text":"70248039 - 2023 - Assessing snowpack stratigraphy accuracy based on different input data: Insights for operations avalanche forecasting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T15:51:35.765009","indexId":"70248039","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T10:42:58","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Assessing snowpack stratigraphy accuracy based on different input data: Insights for operations avalanche forecasting","docAbstract":"

Avalanche forecasters and snow scientists use physically based snow stratigraphy models to fill spatial and temporal gaps in field-based snow profile observations. These models generate stratigraphy predictions using meteorological input from automated weather stations (AWS) or numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The choice of input data is often determined by data availability or convenience instead of giving full consideration to the most appropriate source for a particular application. For example, while AWS may provide weather observations that better represent a particular site, they have large up-front costs and require specialized personnel to service and maintain. The goal of this study is to quantify the accuracy of snow stratigraphy produced by the SNOWPACK model driven by different input data, with a particular focus on cost-benefit analysis for operational avalanche forecasting. We generate modeled snow profiles at a field site in the Bridger Range of southwestern Montana, USA, using a) observations from an AWS at the field site and b) NWP output from the NOAA High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model. Validation data consist of a season-long time series of 10 manual snow profiles. We use dynamic time-warping (DTW) to quantify the overall and grain-type categorized similarities between modeled and in-situ observed profiles that are collocated in time and in space. Based on the similarity results, we present a cost-benefit analysis that considers the cost of installing and maintaining an AWS alongside the improved representation of snow depth, grain size, and weak layer types.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop 2023","conferenceDate":"October 8-13, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Palomaki, R.T., and Miller, Z., 2023, Assessing snowpack stratigraphy accuracy based on different input data: Insights for operations avalanche forecasting, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, Bend, OR, October 8-13, 2023, p. 287-294.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"294","ipdsId":"IP-157004","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421974,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/item.php?id=2889","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":421975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Bridger Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.94066722835859,\n 45.83656619518504\n ],\n [\n -110.94066722835859,\n 45.83190909512919\n ],\n [\n -110.92970520296628,\n 45.83190909512919\n ],\n [\n -110.92970520296628,\n 45.83656619518504\n ],\n [\n -110.94066722835859,\n 45.83656619518504\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palomaki, Ross T. 0000-0002-3304-9914","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3304-9914","contributorId":299761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palomaki","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":64943,"text":"Montana State University Earth Sciences Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Zachary 0000-0002-6876-6710","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-6710","contributorId":214464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Zachary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70248045,"text":"70248045 - 2023 - Comparing snowpack meteorological inputs to support regional wet snow avalanche forecasting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T15:42:28.662716","indexId":"70248045","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T10:31:48","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparing snowpack meteorological inputs to support regional wet snow avalanche forecasting","docAbstract":"

Wet snow avalanches are predicted to increase in frequency with climate change and are often difficult to forecast. Improving our understanding of wet snow avalanche timing will help with current forecasting challenges. The onset of wet snow avalanching is closely tied to the temporal progression of liquid water flow through the seasonal snowpack. Measuring the flow of water through the snowpack in-situ is difficult due to the spatial variability of snow depth and structure. However, physical snowpack models can potentially simulate this process. The accuracy of snowpack models is heavily dependent upon the quality of the meteorological input data. A thorough investigation of model output differences using several different meteorological inputs for forecasting water movement and wet snow avalanches has not yet been thoroughly investigated. Here, we evaluate indicators of regional wet snow avalanches produced by the SNOWPACK model using different meteorological input. We compare the accuracy of SNOWPACK modeled outputs driven by two different numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecast models: the High-Resolution Deterministic Prediction System (HRDPS) and the North American Model (NAMnest). We leverage hourly automated weather station data, daily operational avalanche observations along the Going-to-the-Sun Road in Glacier National Park, Montana, United States, and in-situ snow stratigraphy and wetness profile observations to validate the SNOWPACK modeled outputs. This research is directly applicable to avalanche forecasting operations and future avalanche research as wet snow avalanche timing evolves due to climate change.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop 2023","conferenceDate":"October 8-13, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Miller, Z., Horton, S., Mitterer, C., and Peitzsch, E.H., 2023, Comparing snowpack meteorological inputs to support regional wet snow avalanche forecasting, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, Bend, OR, October 8-13, 2023, p. 264-271.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"264","endPage":"271","ipdsId":"IP-157003","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":421971,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/item.php?id=2886","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park, Going-to-the-Sun Road study area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.55234262299646,\n 48.73306362472809\n ],\n [\n -113.74164451916323,\n 48.73306362472809\n ],\n [\n -113.74164451916323,\n 48.642925680389254\n ],\n [\n -113.55234262299646,\n 48.642925680389254\n ],\n [\n -113.55234262299646,\n 48.73306362472809\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Zachary 0000-0002-6876-6710","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-6710","contributorId":214464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Zachary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, Simon 0000-0003-2936-8688","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2936-8688","contributorId":328885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"Simon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78515,"text":"Avalanche Canada, Simon Fraser University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitterer, Christoph 0000-0002-2268-8016","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-8016","contributorId":328886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitterer","given":"Christoph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78516,"text":"Avalanche Forecasting Service Tyrol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":202576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249586,"text":"70249586 - 2023 - The relationship between whumpf observations and avalanche activity in Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T15:14:19.422926","indexId":"70249586","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T10:10:47","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The relationship between whumpf observations and avalanche activity in Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"

Triggering whumpfs is a primary indicator of unstable snowpack conditions. Although backcountry travelers and avalanche forecasters rely on whumpfs as a warning sign of potential avalanches, there is little formal research to confirm this relationship. This study investigated the temporal correlation between whumpfs and avalanche activity in data from Colorado's Front Range and southern San Juan Mountains between the winters of 2010/11 and 2022/23. To assess changing conditions over a variety of seasons, we compared the timing of whumpfs and avalanches to the total snow depth at a representative site. We used a 13-inch (33 cm) rolling-window average snow depth versus the median for observed whumpfs, and small avalanches (D1 to D1.5), and large to very large avalanches (D2 and greater). Our results support informal observations that whumpfs are important indicators of avalanche activity, especially at shallower snow depths. Later in the season, when snow depths are deeper and basal weak layers become more difficult to trigger, whumpfs become less common even during periods of increasing avalanche activity. Some of our results may be due to the thin, weak, and wind-affected snow in the Colorado Front Range, where whumpfing typically occurs due to collapsing basal depth hoar. Our findings are important for backcountry travelers assessing stability and for backcountry avalanche forecasters communicating conditions to the public. Our data show that although whumpfs generally indicate unstable conditions and correlate with avalanche activity, the largest avalanches of the winter may not always be preceded by whumpfing.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop 2023","conferenceDate":"October 8-13, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Konigsberg, J., Simenhois, R., Birkeland, K.W., Peitzsch, E.H., Chabot, D., and Greene, E.M., 2023, The relationship between whumpf observations and avalanche activity in Colorado, USA, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, Bend, OR, October 8-13, 2023, p. 1032-1038.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1032","endPage":"1038","ipdsId":"IP-156518","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421969,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":421968,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/item.php?id=3008","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Front Range Mountains, San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.44815485949579,\n 40.97327281710409\n ],\n [\n -106.44815485949579,\n 39.064936136772985\n ],\n [\n -105.28491868786489,\n 39.064936136772985\n ],\n [\n -105.28491868786489,\n 40.97327281710409\n ],\n [\n -106.44815485949579,\n 40.97327281710409\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.51362840857615,\n 37.99145028406636\n ],\n [\n -108.51362840857615,\n 37.16200987030051\n ],\n [\n -106.20006250061266,\n 37.16200987030051\n ],\n [\n -106.20006250061266,\n 37.99145028406636\n ],\n [\n -108.51362840857615,\n 37.99145028406636\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konigsberg, Jason","contributorId":330955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konigsberg","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40054,"text":"Colorado Avalanche Information Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simenhois, Ron","contributorId":330956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simenhois","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40054,"text":"Colorado Avalanche Information Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birkeland, Karl W.","contributorId":173366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birkeland","given":"Karl","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27213,"text":"USDA Forest Service National Avalanche Center, Bozeman, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":202576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chabot, Doug","contributorId":330957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chabot","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79076,"text":"Gallatin National Forest Avalanche Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greene, Ethan M.","contributorId":330958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"Ethan","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40054,"text":"Colorado Avalanche Information Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70249584,"text":"70249584 - 2023 - Mapping a glide avalanche with terrestrial lidar in Glacier National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T15:08:24.195224","indexId":"70249584","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T10:03:57","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mapping a glide avalanche with terrestrial lidar in Glacier National Park, USA","docAbstract":"

Thorough documentation of large avalanche events is important for forecasting efforts, infrastructure planning, and investigating the processes involved in avalanche formation and release. However, due in part to the isolated and dangerous nature of avalanche terrain, collecting in-situ, spatially continuous, and quantitative information surrounding avalanches remains difficult. Advances in remote sensing continue to address this knowledge gap. For example, terrestrial laser scanners (TLSs) can produce snow depth measurements at fine spatial resolutions over large areas. Repeat data acquisitions between precipitation events also allow for depth quantification atop an interface, as well as precise estimations of release volume and runout area after avalanche failure. Here, we explore the benefits of TLS-derived documentation from a large avalanche event by examining the development and release of a glide avalanche that occurred in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA, during the spring of 2022. Three sets of lidar point cloud data were acquired in the Haystack Creek drainage, focused on a well-known glide avalanche site. Lidar scans were collected after glide cracks emerged but prior to glide failure, and shortly (~ 1.5 days) after avalanche occurrence, in addition to a snow-free scan later in the year. With this temporal dataset, we were able to account for and visualize the spatial variability of snow depth across the avalanche start zone, such that we could precisely calculate the release volume (18674 m3) and average start zone depth (3.3 m) of the avalanche. Furthermore, TLS data were used to map the extent of the runout area and entrainment zone.

","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop 2023","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Dillon, J.W., Miller, Z., Peitzsch, E.H., and Hammonds, K.D., 2023, Mapping a glide avalanche with terrestrial lidar in Glacier National Park, USA, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, p. 1431-1436.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1431","endPage":"1436","ipdsId":"IP-156879","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":421966,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/item.php?id=3073","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.741667,\n 48.744444\n ],\n [\n -113.741667,\n 48.736111\n ],\n [\n -113.723611,\n 48.736111\n ],\n [\n -113.723611,\n 48.744444\n ],\n [\n -113.741667,\n 48.744444\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dillon, James W.","contributorId":330951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dillon","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Zachary 0000-0002-6876-6710","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-6710","contributorId":214464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Zachary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":202576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hammonds, Kevin D.","contributorId":330952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammonds","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249583,"text":"70249583 - 2023 - Temporal evolution of slab and weak layer properties during the transition from dry to wet snowpack conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T14:58:26.08698","indexId":"70249583","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T09:49:06","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Temporal evolution of slab and weak layer properties during the transition from dry to wet snowpack conditions","docAbstract":"

Wet-snow slab avalanches are destructive and may become more prevalent in a warming climate. This type of avalanche remains challenging to forecast because the underlying processes leading to wet-snow slab avalanche release are poorly understood. In this study, we examine the temporal evolution of weak layer and slab liquid water content (LWC), critical cut length, and propagation saw test (PST) results during the season's first critical melt period at our study site in the Madison Mountains of southwest Montana. We used snowpack profiles and in-situ weather station data to initialize and force the 1-D physics-based snow cover model SNOWPACK throughout the winter and spring seasons. We then used a high-resolution numerical weather model to force SNOWPACK simulations to forecast the onset of the transition from dry to wet conditions. From April 10-12, 2023, we conducted 67 PSTs, 1053 LWC measurements, 20 hardness profiles, and a full snow profile each morning and early evening. During the first two days of sampling, we observed a transition from low to high propagation propensity with decreasing cut lengths and increasing LWC. On Day 3, we observed consistently low propagation propensity, even as LWC levels remained elevated and comparable to the preceding period of high propagation propensity. This indicates that there is a point where the relationship we observed through the first two days between increasing LWC, increasing propagation propensity, and decreasing cut length no longer holds. Our results further suggest PST propagation mode may help pinpoint the onset, peak, and decline of wet-snow fracture propagation propensity.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop 2023","conferenceDate":"October 8-13, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lipkowitz, J., Peitzsch, E.H., Dixon, J., Kalb, M., McCabe, D., Ditmar, G., and Mitterer, C., 2023, Temporal evolution of slab and weak layer properties during the transition from dry to wet snowpack conditions, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, Bend, OR, October 8-13, 2023, p. 1374-1381.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1374","endPage":"1381","ipdsId":"IP-156847","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":421964,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/item.php?id=3063","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Madison Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.445,\n 45.233\n ],\n [\n -111.445,\n 45.23\n ],\n [\n -111.44,\n 45.23\n ],\n [\n -111.44,\n 45.233\n ],\n [\n -111.445,\n 45.233\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipkowitz, Josh","contributorId":330946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lipkowitz","given":"Josh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":202576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dixon, Jean","contributorId":330947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dixon","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kalb, Marcus","contributorId":330948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalb","given":"Marcus","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79073,"text":"Avalanche Warning Service Tyrol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCabe, Douglas","contributorId":330949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCabe","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79074,"text":"Yellowstone Club Ski Patrol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ditmar, Griffin","contributorId":330950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ditmar","given":"Griffin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79074,"text":"Yellowstone Club Ski Patrol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mitterer, Christoph 0000-0002-2268-8016","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-8016","contributorId":328886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitterer","given":"Christoph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78516,"text":"Avalanche Forecasting Service Tyrol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70249595,"text":"70249595 - 2023 - Under-forecasting wet avalanche cycles: Case studies and lessons learned from two wet avalanche cycles in northwest Montana and central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T14:47:56.374251","indexId":"70249595","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T09:42:18","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Under-forecasting wet avalanche cycles: Case studies and lessons learned from two wet avalanche cycles in northwest Montana and central Colorado","docAbstract":"

Predicting the timing and location of natural wet avalanche events is challenging, especially the release of wet slabs. In this study, we describe the existing snowpack structure, weather, and observed avalanche activity for two separate wet avalanche cycles in different avalanche climate types: northwest Montana and central Colorado. In both cases, the regional avalanche forecast centers initially predicted an avalanche hazard rating lower than the observed avalanche hazard and did not initially predict the occurrence of wet slab avalanches. Large wet slab avalanche activity began during the early stages of the first, rapid warming event of the season in both regions, challenging the notion that a lack of overnight refreeze is important for large wet avalanche cycles. This highlights the need for improvement in forecasting wet avalanche events/cycles. Here, we discuss lessons learned and operational strategies for improving forecast accuracy during significant melting events. These include focused field assessments in shallow snowpack areas and low elevation terrain, proactive late-day monitoring beyond normal field hours, and additional meteorological considerations, such as cloud cover and energy balance assessments, prior to and during notable warm-ups.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop 2023","conferenceDate":"October 8-13, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Guy, Z., and Peitzsch, E.H., 2023, Under-forecasting wet avalanche cycles: Case studies and lessons learned from two wet avalanche cycles in northwest Montana and central Colorado, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, Bend, OR, October 8-13, 2023, p. 1082-1092.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1082","endPage":"1092","ipdsId":"IP-156902","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421963,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":421962,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/item.php?id=3016","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.21992327350442,\n 48.93647228370364\n ],\n [\n -113.23076217600384,\n 46.80597132373853\n ],\n [\n -111.92011617525155,\n 47.19378057200959\n ],\n [\n -113.29729149274793,\n 48.99851674638353\n ],\n [\n -115.21992327350442,\n 48.93647228370364\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.82895276721169,\n 39.22835042820549\n ],\n [\n -107.82895276721169,\n 38.6345251296778\n ],\n [\n -106.47248685269962,\n 38.6345251296778\n ],\n [\n -106.47248685269962,\n 39.22835042820549\n ],\n [\n -107.82895276721169,\n 39.22835042820549\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guy, Zachary","contributorId":330973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guy","given":"Zachary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79084,"text":"Crested Butte Avalanche Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":202576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70249585,"text":"70249585 - 2023 - Spatial extent of forested avalanche terrain impacted by wildfire across the Sawtooth National Forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T15:22:06.30971","indexId":"70249585","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T08:39:31","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Spatial extent of forested avalanche terrain impacted by wildfire across the Sawtooth National Forest","docAbstract":"

Forest structure is a major driver of mountain snowpacks and avalanche occurrence. Healthy forests can reduce the incidence of dangerous slab avalanches, slow avalanches when in motion, shorten their runout distances, and act as a safety buffer for backcountry users, infrastructure, and transportation corridors. Since 1984, wildfire area in the seasonal snow zone of the western United States has increased by 70% throughout the seasonal snow zone, creating significant changes to avalanche prone mountains and their connected communities. A major unknown is the impact a reduction of forested area due to forest fires will have on avalanche occurrence. We hypothesize increased potential for avalanching in forested areas impacted by wildfire. Reduced tree cover may make previously heavily forested terrain more susceptible to avalanching. Increases in the size of avalanche start zones, paths, and runouts due to forest fires may increase the destructive size of avalanches and create cascading ecological effects within the adjacent forested terrain. Forest fires may therefore increase the likelihood of avalanche release, resulting in further loss of tree cover and increased avalanche area as well as decreased protection for human infrastructure. In this study, we quantify avalanche area changes before and after the Ross Fork wildfire (2022) in Sawtooth National Forest, Idaho, USA. We utilized satellite imagery, a digital elevation model and historical fire spatial data to quantify and characterize avalanche area changes within the fire perimeter using the Auto-ATES workflow (Sykes et al., 2022). We found decreases in forest coverage that contributed to widespread increases in potential avalanche release areas, avalanche tracks, and potential runout zones throughout the study area as well as the creation of new potential avalanche release areas and a substantial decrease in non-avalanche connected terrain within the fire perimeter. These preliminary findings help inform avalanche and snow safety professionals as well as land managers working in wildfire-prone forested areas about potential post-wildfire changes in avalanche terrain.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop 2023","conferenceDate":"October 8-13, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Miller, Z., Sykes, J., Guinn, M., VandenBos, B., Savage, S., and Peitzsch, E.H., 2023, Spatial extent of forested avalanche terrain impacted by wildfire across the Sawtooth National Forest, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, Bend, OR, October 8-13, 2023, p. 272-279.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"279","ipdsId":"IP-156644","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":421961,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"http://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/item/2887","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Sawtooth National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.25979416843813,\n 44.25122593623942\n ],\n [\n -115.25979416843813,\n 43.47618673393339\n ],\n [\n -113.88619800565512,\n 43.47618673393339\n ],\n [\n -113.88619800565512,\n 44.25122593623942\n ],\n [\n -115.25979416843813,\n 44.25122593623942\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Zachary 0000-0002-6876-6710","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-6710","contributorId":214464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Zachary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sykes, John","contributorId":330953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sykes","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36678,"text":"Simon Fraser University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guinn, Megan","contributorId":330954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guinn","given":"Megan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79075,"text":"USDA Forest Service Chugach National Forest Avalanche Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VandenBos, Benjamin","contributorId":209940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VandenBos","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38032,"text":"U.S.D.A. Forest Service Sawtooth National Forest Avalanche Center, Ketchum, Idaho, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Savage, Scott","contributorId":209938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savage","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38032,"text":"U.S.D.A. Forest Service Sawtooth National Forest Avalanche Center, Ketchum, Idaho, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":202576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70249594,"text":"70249594 - 2023 - Big avalanches in a changing climate: Using tree-ring derived avalanche chronologies to examine avalanche frequency across multiple climate types","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T14:32:35.897212","indexId":"70249594","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T08:28:37","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Big avalanches in a changing climate: Using tree-ring derived avalanche chronologies to examine avalanche frequency across multiple climate types","docAbstract":"

Large-magnitude snow avalanches pose a hazard to humans and infrastructure worldwide. Analyzing the spatiotemporal behavior of avalanches and the contributory climate factors is important for understanding historical variability in climate-avalanche relationships as well as improving avalanche forecasting. This study uses established dendrochronological methods to develop long-term regional avalanche chronologies for three different climate types: high-latitude maritime climate of southeast Alaska, intermountain climate of the northern Rocky Mountains, and continental climate of Colorado. In the maritime study area, we collected 434 cross sections throughout six avalanche paths near Juneau, Alaska. This resulted in 2706 identified avalanche growth disturbances between year 1720 and 2018 Common Era (CE), which allowed us to reconstruct 82 years with large magnitude avalanche activity across three sub-regions. By combining this tree-ring derived avalanche dataset with a suite of climate and atmospheric variables and applying a generalized linear model to fit a binomial regression, we found February and March precipitation and the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) were significant predictors of large magnitude avalanche activity in the southeast Alaska study area. In the intermountain climate study area, tree-rings from 647 trees exhibited 2134 avalanche-related growth disturbances in the northern Rocky Mountains of northwest Montana from 1867 to 2019. The data show that the amount of snowpack across the northern Rocky Mountain region is directly related to avalanche probability. Coincident with warming and regional snowpack reductions, a decline of ~ 14% (~ 2% per decade) in overall large magnitude avalanche probability is apparent through the period 1950–2017 CE. In the continental climate of Colorado, we sampled 24 avalanche paths throughout the state and collected 1188 total samples with 4135 identified growth disturbances from 1698 to 2019. Preliminary results suggest years with large magnitude avalanche activity across the sub-regions of this study area are generally characterized by stormy winters with above average snowpack development but that early and late winter temperature and precipitation also play an important role in large avalanche activity. Characterizing historical climate-avalanche relationships across different climate types provides a broad baseline for understanding potential future changes in avalanche activity. Overall, this work helps forecasters and planners better understand the influence of climate on large magnitude avalanche frequency, and how potential changes in avalanche character and occurrence will affect their operations in the context of a warming climate.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop 2023","conferenceDate":"October 8-13, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Peitzsch, E.H., Pederson, G.T., Martin, J.T., Hood, E., Greene, E.M., Birkeland, K.W., Elder, K., Wolken, G., Kichas, N.E., Stahle, D.K., and Harley, J., 2023, Big avalanches in a changing climate: Using tree-ring derived avalanche chronologies to examine avalanche frequency across multiple climate types, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, Bend, OR, October 8-13, 2023, p. 547-553.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"553","ipdsId":"IP-156827","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science 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Eran","contributorId":106802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hood","given":"Eran","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":886377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Greene, Ethan M.","contributorId":330958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"Ethan","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40054,"text":"Colorado Avalanche Information Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Birkeland, Karl W.","contributorId":173366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birkeland","given":"Karl","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27213,"text":"USDA Forest Service National Avalanche Center, Bozeman, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elder, Kelly","contributorId":174398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elder","given":"Kelly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5121,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1221 South Main Street, Moscow, ID 83843","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wolken, Gabriel","contributorId":305685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolken","given":"Gabriel","affiliations":[{"id":16126,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kichas, Nickolas E.","contributorId":221182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kichas","given":"Nickolas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stahle, Daniel Kent 0000-0003-1252-5990","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-5990","contributorId":224403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stahle","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Kent","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Harley, John","contributorId":292933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harley","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16298,"text":"University of Alaska Southeast","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70249592,"text":"70249592 - 2023 - Using tree rings to compare Colorado’s 2019 avalanche cycle to previous large avalanche cycles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T14:39:11.096438","indexId":"70249592","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-08T07:18:42","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using tree rings to compare Colorado’s 2019 avalanche cycle to previous large avalanche cycles","docAbstract":"

Large magnitude avalanches (size ≥D3) impact settlements, transportation corridors, and public safety worldwide. In Colorado, United States, avalanches have killed more people than any other natural hazard since 1950. In March 2019, a historically large magnitude avalanche cycle occurred throughout the entire mountainous portion of Colorado resulting in more than 1000 reported avalanches during a 2-week period. Nearly 200 of these avalanches were size D4 or larger with at least three D5 avalanches. The extensive number of downed trees from this avalanche cycle allowed us to collect 1188 cross-sections and cores from 1023 unique trees within 24 avalanche paths across the state. We recorded 4135 growth disturbances in these samples. These data comprise the largest known avalanche tree-ring dataset in the world. We employed a strategic nested sampling design to account for scale by including several individual avalanche paths within a given drainage to create sub-regions and then sampled six major sub-regions (counties) throughout the greater region (state). We identified 76 avalanche years within 24 individual avalanche paths from 1698 to 2020. Large magnitude empirical avalanche event frequency varied across paths and sub-regions. Our results indicate the most widespread avalanche cycle in our study area prior to 2019 occurred in 1899, where 12 avalanche paths show evidence of large magnitude avalanche activity. Historical records also highlight 1899 as a year with widespread and large magnitude avalanche activity. These results indicate the avalanche cycle of March 2019 was of similar magnitude. Understanding the spatial extent and return frequency of large magnitude avalanche cycles across multiple spatial scales, from individual paths to an entire state, helps avalanche forecasters improve their products and mitigation strategies and assists infrastructure planners when designing and planning in avalanche terrain.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop","conferenceDate":"October 8-13, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop","usgsCitation":"Peitzsch, E.H., Greene, E.M., Konigsberg, J., Pederson, G.T., Martin, J.T., Kichas, N., Stahle, D.K., Favillier, A., Eckert, N., Birkeland, K.W., and Elder, K., 2023, Using tree rings to compare Colorado’s 2019 avalanche cycle to previous large avalanche cycles, in Proceedings, International Snow Science Workshop 2023, Bend, OR, October 8-13, 2023, p. 577-584.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"584","ipdsId":"IP-157055","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421956,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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The human footprint is rapidly expanding, and wildlife habitat is continuously being converted to human residential properties. Surviving wildlife that reside in developing areas are displaced to nearby undeveloped areas. However, some animals can co-exist with humans and acquire the necessary resources (food, water, shelter) within the human environment. This ability to coexist may be particularly true when development is low intensity, as in residential suburban yards. Yards are individually managed “greenspaces” that can provide a range of food (e.g., bird feeders, compost, gardens), water (bird baths and garden ponds), and shelter (e.g., brush-piles, outbuildings) resources and are surrounded by varying landscape cover. To evaluate which residential landscape and yard features influence the richness and diversity of mammalian herbivores and mesopredators; we deployed wildlife game cameras throughout Northwestern Arkansas, USA in 46 residential yards in summer 2021 and 96 yards in summer 2022. We found that mesopredator diversity had a negative relationship with fences and was positively influenced by the number of bird feeders present in a yard. Mesopredator richness increased with the amount of forest within 400 m of the camera. Herbivore diversity and richness were positively correlated to the area of forest within 400 m surrounding yard and by garden area within yards, respectively. Our results suggest that while landscape does play a role in the presence of wildlife in a residential area, homeowners also have agency over the richness and diversity of mammals using their yards based on the features they create or maintain on their properties.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s11252-023-01433-w","usgsCitation":"Johansson, E.P., and DeGregorio, B.A., 2023, The effects of landscape and yard features on mammal diversity in residential yards within Northwest Arkansas, USA: Urban Ecosystems, v. 27, p. 275-287, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-023-01433-w.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"287","ipdsId":"IP-150823","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441920,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-023-01433-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433008,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Northwest Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.6307373046875,\n 36.50522086338427\n ],\n [\n -94.4549560546875,\n 35.40696093270201\n ],\n [\n -91.7578125,\n 35.420391545750746\n ],\n [\n -91.768798828125,\n 36.50522086338427\n ],\n [\n -94.6307373046875,\n 36.50522086338427\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johansson, Emily P.","contributorId":342549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johansson","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeGregorio, Brett Alexander 0000-0002-5273-049X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-049X","contributorId":243214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGregorio","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70256570,"text":"70256570 - 2023 - Positive but un-sustained wildlife community responses to reserve expansion and mammal reintroductions in South Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-19T12:12:25.494441","indexId":"70256570","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-07T07:03:40","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Positive but un-sustained wildlife community responses to reserve expansion and mammal reintroductions in South Africa","docAbstract":"

The creation and expansion of protected areas, coupled with wildlife reintroductions, are increasingly used as conservation measures to combat wildlife declines worldwide. Although these types of restoration efforts are expected be beneficial to wildlife populations, variable species management and interactions among species within complex food webs have the potential to lead to unintended species-specific responses to reserve expansion which can counteract the anticipated positive effects. We used a multi-season camera trap study to investigate community-wide responses of wildlife to a reserve expansion and associated wildlife releases in South Africa. We analyzed the camera trap data using community occupancy and N-mixture models to assess how the occupancy and intensity of use of individual species changed in the four seasons following reserve expansion. We found species-specific responses to reserve expansion, although responses were generally positive in occupancy and intensity of use but un-sustained. The apex predator, the lion (Panthera leo) and the majority of managed herbivores exhibited sustained or delayed positive responses, whereas most subordinate predators and unmanaged herbivores had short-lived, fluctuating, or neutral responses. Interactive effects of top-down suppression, competitive pressure, and increased space and food resources likely resulted in the temporally-variable responses of most species. Although no species responded negatively to reserve expansion and mammal reintroductions, the lack of sustained positive responses for most species indicates the complexities of implementing conservation actions to benefit multiple wildlife species. Our results highlight the importance of monitoring the entire wildlife community following management actions such as reserve expansion or wildlife reintroductions.


","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110277","usgsCitation":"Brewer, S., Keener, L., Swanepoel, L.H., Sholto-Douglas, C., Hunnicutt, A., and Curveira-Santos, G., 2023, Positive but un-sustained wildlife community responses to reserve expansion and mammal reintroductions in South Africa: Biological Conservation, v. 287, 110277, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110277.","productDescription":"110277","ipdsId":"IP-153395","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":432881,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"287","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":340552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keener, Lia","contributorId":341195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keener","given":"Lia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanepoel, Lourens H.","contributorId":341196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanepoel","given":"Lourens","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":81712,"text":"University of Venda","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sholto-Douglas, Craig","contributorId":341197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sholto-Douglas","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81713,"text":"5 &Beyond Phinda Private Game Reserve","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunnicutt, Axel","contributorId":341198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunnicutt","given":"Axel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81714,"text":"6 Wild Tomorrow Fund","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Curveira-Santos, Goncalo","contributorId":341199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curveira-Santos","given":"Goncalo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52780,"text":"Universidade de Lisboa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70249593,"text":"70249593 - 2023 - Compost, plants and endophytes versus metal contamination: Choice of a restoration strategy steers the microbiome in polymetallic mine waste","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T11:51:33.055299","indexId":"70249593","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-07T06:48:51","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17060,"text":"Environmental Microbiome","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compost, plants and endophytes versus metal contamination: Choice of a restoration strategy steers the microbiome in polymetallic mine waste","docAbstract":"

Finding solutions for the remediation and restoration of abandoned mining areas is of great environmental importance as they pose a risk to ecosystem health. In this study, our aim was to determine how remediation strategies with (i) compost amendment, (ii) planting a metal-tolerant grass Bouteloua curtipendula, and (iii) its inoculation with beneficial endophytes influenced the microbiome of metal-contaminated tailings originating from the abandoned Blue Nose Mine, SE Arizona, near Patagonia (USA). We conducted an indoor microcosm experiment followed by a metataxonomic analysis of the mine tailings, compost, and root samples. Our results showed that each remediation strategy promoted a distinct pattern of microbial community structure in the mine tailings, which correlated with changes in their chemical properties. The combination of compost amendment and endophyte inoculation led to the highest prokaryotic diversity and total nitrogen and organic carbon, but also induced shifts in microbial community structure that significantly correlated with an enhanced potential for mobilization of Cu and Sb. Our findings show that soil health metrics (total nitrogen, organic carbon and pH) improved, and microbial community changed, due to organic matter input and endophyte inoculation, which enhanced metal leaching from the mine waste and potentially increased environmental risks posed by Cu and Sb. We further emphasize that because the initial choice of remediation strategy can significantly impact trace element mobility via modulation of both soil chemistry and microbial communities, site specific, bench-scale preliminary tests, as reported here, can help determine the potential risk of a chosen strategy.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s40793-023-00528-3","usgsCitation":"Kracmarova, M., Papik, J., Uhlik, O., Freeman, J., Foster, A.L., Leewis, M., and Creamer, C., 2023, Compost, plants and endophytes versus metal contamination: Choice of a restoration strategy steers the microbiome in polymetallic mine waste: Environmental Microbiome, v. 18, 74, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-023-00528-3.","productDescription":"74, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152248","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-023-00528-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":421952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kracmarova, Martina 0000-0003-3306-9074","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3306-9074","contributorId":310408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kracmarova","given":"Martina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":67178,"text":"University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papik, Jakub","contributorId":310409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Papik","given":"Jakub","affiliations":[{"id":67178,"text":"University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Uhlik, Ondrej 0000-0002-0506-202X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0506-202X","contributorId":330972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uhlik","given":"Ondrej","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79083,"text":"University of Chemistry and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, John 0000-0003-3403-9360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3403-9360","contributorId":247587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49585,"text":"Intrinsyx Technologies Corporation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Foster, Andrea L. 0000-0003-1362-0068 afoster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-0068","contributorId":1740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Andrea","email":"afoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leewis, Mary-Catherine 0000-0001-6496-8094","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6496-8094","contributorId":267792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leewis","given":"Mary-Catherine","affiliations":[{"id":24491,"text":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Creamer, Courtney 0000-0001-8270-9387","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8270-9387","contributorId":201952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creamer","given":"Courtney","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70250373,"text":"70250373 - 2023 - Scenario-Based Decision Analysis: Integrated scenario planning and structured decision making for resource management under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T12:40:03.079825","indexId":"70250373","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-07T06:37:33","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scenario-Based Decision Analysis: Integrated scenario planning and structured decision making for resource management under climate change","docAbstract":"

Managing resources under climate change is a high-stakes and daunting task, especially because climate change and associated complex biophysical responses engender sustained directional changes as well as abrupt transformations. This environmental non-stationarity challenges assumptions and expectations among scientists, managers, rights holders, and stakeholders. These challenges are anything but straightforward – a high degree of uncertainty impedes our ability to predict the environmental trajectory with confidence, and affected resources often span multiple governance jurisdictions or are subject to competing management objectives. Fortunately, tools exist to help grapple with such challenges. Two commonly used tools are scenario planning (SP) and structured decision making (SDM). SP is a well-established approach for assessing system response and facilitating decision making under a wide range of conditions that are uncertain and uncontrollable, such as those associated with adapting to climate change. However, SP lacks a defined structure for establishing objectives, quantifying tradeoffs, and evaluating the performance of candidate decisions to meet those objectives. SDM, on the other hand, is rooted in decision theory and focuses on explicit (often quantitative) assessment of the expected outcomes of choosing among a set of decision alternatives. SDM has been criticized for an inability to account for surprises and for imposing an overly narrow framing of problems to increase tractability. We discuss the strengths and limitations of SDM and SP as experienced through their application in various resource-management contexts, and then propose a new generalized framework – Scenario-Based Decision Analysis (SBDA) – that integrates these complementary approaches. SBDA structures resource management problems and solutions while considering uncertainties and surprises to inform resource management decision making.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110275","usgsCitation":"Miller, B.W., Eaton, M.J., Symstad, A., Schuurman, G.W., Rangwala, I., and Travis, W.R., 2023, Scenario-Based Decision Analysis: Integrated scenario planning and structured decision making for resource management under climate change: Biological Conservation, v. 286, 110275, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110275.","productDescription":"110275, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145442","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40927,"text":"North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110275","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"286","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Brian W. 0000-0003-1716-1161","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1716-1161","contributorId":196603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eaton, Mitchell J. 0000-0001-7324-6333","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7324-6333","contributorId":213526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Mitchell","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Symstad, Amy 0000-0003-4231-2873 asymstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4231-2873","contributorId":201095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symstad","given":"Amy","email":"asymstad@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schuurman, Gregor W. 0000-0002-9304-7742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-7742","contributorId":147698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuurman","given":"Gregor","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16909,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science, Fort Collins, CO, 80525, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rangwala, Imtiaz","contributorId":259891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rangwala","given":"Imtiaz","affiliations":[{"id":52460,"text":"North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Travis, William R.","contributorId":149961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Travis","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":889604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70249450,"text":"70249450 - 2023 - Long-term changes in concentrations and yield of riverine dissolved silicon from the poles to the tropics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-10T10:58:00.067533","indexId":"70249450","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-06T10:56:04","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term changes in concentrations and yield of riverine dissolved silicon from the poles to the tropics","docAbstract":"

Riverine exports of silicon (Si) influence global carbon cycling through the growth of marine diatoms, which account for ∼25% of global primary production. Climate change will likely alter river Si exports in biome-specific ways due to interacting shifts in chemical weathering rates, hydrologic connectivity, and metabolic processes in aquatic and terrestrial systems. Nonetheless, factors driving long-term changes in Si exports remain unexplored at local, regional, and global scales. We evaluated how concentrations and yields of dissolved Si (DSi) changed over the last several decades of rapid climate warming using long-term data sets from 60 rivers and streams spanning the globe (e.g., Antarctic, tropical, temperate, boreal, alpine, Arctic systems). We show that widespread changes in river DSi concentration and yield have occurred, with the most substantial shifts occurring in alpine and polar regions. The magnitude and direction of trends varied within and among biomes, were most strongly associated with differences in land cover, and were often independent of changes in river discharge. These findings indicate that there are likely diverse mechanisms driving change in river Si biogeochemistry that span the land-water interface, which may include glacial melt, changes in terrestrial vegetation, and river productivity. Finally, trends were often stronger in months outside of the growing season, particularly in temperate and boreal systems, demonstrating a potentially important role of shifting seasonality for the flux of Si from rivers. Our results have implications for the timing and magnitude of silica processing in rivers and its delivery to global oceans.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2022GB007678","usgsCitation":"Jankowski, K.J., Johnson, K., Sethna, L.R., Julian, P., Wymore, A.S., Shogren, A.J., Thomas, P., Sullivan, P.L., McKnight, D.M., McDowell, W.H., Heindel, R.C., Jones, J.B., Wollheim, W.M., Abbott, B., Deegan, L.A., and Carey, J.C., 2023, Long-term changes in concentrations and yield of riverine dissolved silicon from the poles to the tropics: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 37, no. 9, e2022GB007678, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GB007678.","productDescription":"e2022GB007678, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-148189","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441929,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022gb007678","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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0000-0001-5861-3481","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5861-3481","contributorId":215170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abbott","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39191,"text":"Bringham Young Unviersity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Deegan, Linda A.","contributorId":34094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deegan","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":27818,"text":"The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory. 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Existing analyses of salt marsh carbon budgets rarely quantify carbon loss as CO2 through the air–water interface in inundated marshes. This study estimates the variability of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and air–water CO2 fluxes over summer and fall of 2014 and 2015 using high-frequency measurements of tidal water pCO2 in a salt marsh of the U.S. northeast region. Monthly mean CO2 effluxes varied in the range of 5.4–25.6 mmol m−2 marsh d−1 (monthly median: 4.8–24.7 mmol m−2 marsh d−1) during July to November from the tidal creek and tidally-inundated vegetated platform. The source of CO2 effluxes was partitioned between the marsh and estuary using a mixing model. The monthly mean marsh-contributed CO2 effluxes accounted for a dominant portion (69%) of total CO2 effluxes in the inundated marsh, which was 3–23% (mean 13%) of the corresponding lateral flux rate of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from marsh to estuary. Photosynthesis in tidal water substantially reduced the CO2 evasion, accounting for 1–86% (mean 31%) of potential CO2 evasion and 2–26% (mean 11%) of corresponding lateral transport DIC fluxes, indicating the important role of photosynthesis in controlling the air–water CO2 evasion in the inundated salt marsh. This study demonstrates that CO2 evasion from inundated salt marshes is a significant loss term for carbon that is fixed within marshes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/lno.12409","usgsCitation":"Song, S., Wang, Z., Kroeger, K.D., Eagle, M.J., Chu, S.N., and Ge, J., 2023, High-frequency variability of carbon dioxide fluxes in tidal water over a temperate salt marsh: Limnology & Oceanography, v. 68, no. 9, p. 2108-2125, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12409.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2108","endPage":"2125","ipdsId":"IP-147876","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12409","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":421745,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Waquoit Bay","otherGeospatial":"Sage Lot Pond","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n 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2021","title":"Bathymetric contour maps, surface area and capacity tables, and bathymetric change maps for selected water-supply lakes in northeastern Missouri, 2021","docAbstract":"

Bathymetric data were collected at 12 water-supply lakes in northeastern Missouri by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MoDNR) and various local agencies, as part of a multiyear effort to establish or update the surface area and capacity tables for the surveyed lakes. The lakes were surveyed in March through May 2021. Ten of the lakes had been surveyed previously by the USGS, and the recent surveys were compared to the earlier surveys to document the changes in the bathymetric surface and capacity of the lakes.

Bathymetric data were collected using a high-resolution multibeam mapping system mounted on a boat. Supplemental depth data at five of the lakes were collected in shallow areas with an acoustic Doppler current profiler on a remote-controlled boat. Data points from the various sources were exported at a gridded data resolution appropriate to each lake, either 0.82 foot, 1.64 feet, or 3.28 feet. Data outside the multibeam survey extent and greater than the surveyed water-surface elevation were obtained from data collected using aerial light detection and ranging (lidar) point cloud data. A linear enforcement technique was used to add points to the dataset in areas of sparse data (the upper ends of coves where the water was shallow or aquatic vegetation precluded data acquisition) based on surrounding multibeam and upland data values. The various point datasets were used to produce a three-dimensional triangulated irregular network surface of the lake-bottom elevations for each lake. A surface area and capacity table was produced from the three-dimensional surface for each lake showing surface area and capacity at specified lake water-surface elevations. Various quality-assurance tests were conducted to ensure quality data were collected with the multibeam, including beam angle checks and patch tests. Additional quality-assurance tests were conducted on the gridded bathymetric data from the survey, the bathymetric surface created from the gridded data, and the contours created from the bathymetric survey.

If there were data from a previous bathymetric survey for a given lake, a bathymetric change map was generated from the elevation difference between the previous survey and the 2021 bathymetric survey data points. After reconciling any vertical datum disagreement between the previous survey data and the 2021 survey datum, coincident points between the surveys were identified, and a bathymetric change map was generated using the coincident point data.

The mean elevation change between all repeat surveys at most lakes was positive, indicating sedimentation. Relative to previous surveys, the change in capacity at the primary spillway elevation ranged from a 7.7-percent decrease at Memphis Reservoir to a 3.9-percent increase at Old Lake (Bowling Green West). The mean bathymetric change ranged from 0.03 foot at Hazel Creek and 0.07 foot at Shelbina Lake and Bowling Green Reservoir (Jack Floyd Memorial Lake) to 0.63 at Memphis Lake (Lake Showme) and 0.88 at Memphis Reservoir. The time-averaged mean bathymetric change ranged from 0.002 foot per year at Hazel Creek Lake to 0.044 foot per year at Memphis Reservoir. The computed volumetric sedimentation rate generally ranged from 0.14 to 6.80 acre-feet per year at Shelbina Lake and Memphis Lake (Lake Showme), respectively; however, Forest Lake had a substantially larger sedimentation rate of 17.0 acre-feet per year. Some changes observed in some bathymetric change maps are believed to result from the difference in data collection equipment and techniques between the previous and present bathymetric surveys, whereas other erosional features around the perimeter of certain lakes may be the result of wave action during low-water years.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235108","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Rivers, B.C., Huizinga, R.J., Richards, J.M., and Waite, G.J., 2023, Bathymetric contour maps, surface area and capacity tables, and bathymetric change maps for selected water-supply lakes in northeastern Missouri, 2021: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5108, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235108.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 63 p.; 12 Plates: 24.00 × 24.00 inches or smaller; Data Release","numberOfPages":"76","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-137682","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501152,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115452.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":421680,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5108/downloads/","text":"Plates 1–12","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":421677,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5108/sir20235108.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023–5108"},{"id":421676,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5108/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":421681,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YJJQB4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Bathymetric and supporting data for 12 water supply lakes in northeastern Missouri, 2021"},{"id":421679,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5108/images/"},{"id":421678,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5108/sir20235108.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.1618646084552,\n 40.60163096352804\n ],\n [\n -93.1618646084552,\n 38.998035265560674\n ],\n [\n -90.92065367095553,\n 38.998035265560674\n ],\n [\n -90.92065367095553,\n 40.60163096352804\n ],\n [\n -93.1618646084552,\n 40.60163096352804\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2023-10-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rivers, Benjamin C. 0000-0003-0098-0486 brivers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-0486","contributorId":207260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivers","given":"Benjamin C.","email":"brivers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huizinga, Richard J. 0000-0002-2940-2324 huizinga@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2940-2324","contributorId":2089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huizinga","given":"Richard","email":"huizinga@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richards, Joseph M. 0000-0002-9822-2706","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-2706","contributorId":202877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Joseph M.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waite, Garett J. 0000-0002-2286-3363 gjwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-3363","contributorId":305469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Garett","email":"gjwaite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249465,"text":"70249465 - 2023 - Mapping methane reduction potential of tidal wetland restoration in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-06T15:28:34.242414","indexId":"70249465","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-06T10:20:57","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8956,"text":"Communications Earth & Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping methane reduction potential of tidal wetland restoration in the United States","docAbstract":"

Coastal wetlands can emit excess methane in cases where they are impounded and artificially freshened by structures that impede tidal exchange. We provide a new assessment of coastal methane reduction opportunities for the contiguous United States by combining multiple publicly available map layers, reassessing greenhouse gas emissions datasets, and applying scenarios informed by geospatial information system and by surveys of coastal managers. Independent accuracy assessment indicates that coastal impoundments are under-mapped at the national level by a factor of one-half. Restorations of freshwater-impounded wetlands to brackish or saline conditions have the greatest potential climate benefit of all mapped conversion opportunities, but were rarer than other potential conversion events. At the national scale we estimate potential emissions reduction for coastal wetlands to be 0.91 Teragrams of carbon dioxide equivalents year−1, a more conservative assessment compared to previous estimates. We provide a map of 1,796 parcels with the potential for tidal re-connection.

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Rivers integrate processes occurring throughout their watersheds and are therefore sentinels of change across broad spatial scales. River chemistry also regulates ecosystem function across Earth’s land–ocean continuum, exerting control from the micro- (for example, local food web) to the macro- (for example, global carbon cycle) scale. In the rapidly warming Arctic, a wide range of processes—from permafrost thaw to biological uptake and transformation—might reasonably alter river water chemistry. Here we use data from major rivers that collectively drain two-thirds of the Arctic Ocean watershed to assess widespread change in biogeochemical function within the pan-Arctic basin from 2003 to 2019. While the oceanward flux of alkalinity and associated ions increased markedly over this time frame, nitrate and other inorganic nutrient fluxes declined. Fluxes of dissolved organic carbon showed no overall trend. This divergence in response indicates the perturbation of multiple processes on land, with implications for biogeochemical cycling in the coastal ocean. We anticipate that these findings will facilitate refinement of conceptual and numerical models of current and future functioning of Arctic coastal ecosystems and spur research on scale-dependent change across the river-integrated Arctic domain.

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