{"pageNumber":"234","pageRowStart":"5825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":6232,"records":[{"id":26262,"text":"wri77107 - 1977 - Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T16:02:05","indexId":"wri77107","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-107","title":"Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming","docAbstract":"In central Wyoming, Potentially large supplies of ground water are available in the Sweetwater River basin from the Arikaree aquifer, which consists of the upper part of the White River, the Arikaree, and the Ogallala Formations. A preliminary digital model was developed for the Arikaree aquifer using a small amount of poorly distributed data, an estimated distribution of recharge, and a conceptual model of the Arikaree aquifer flow system. Calibration of the model was based on reproduction of the potentiometric surface and the base flow of the Sweetwater River in November 1975. Calculated steady-state hydraulic heads were within 50 feet of the observed heads in about 98 percent of the nodes. The calculated leakage from the Arikaree aquifer to he Sweetwater River in the western area was within about 12 percent of the leadage determined by gain and loss studies. In order to develop a comprehensive digital model that would respond to hydraulic stress in nearly the same manner as the actual aquifer flow system, measured responses of the aquifer to stress are needed. Also needed are additional data on aquifer characteristics, recharge to the aquifer, and stream-aquifer relationships. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri77107","usgsCitation":"Borchert, W.B., 1977, Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-107, iii, 19 p. :maps (some fold. in pocket) ;27 cm. --, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri77107.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p. :maps (some fold. in pocket) ;27 cm. --","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0107/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55073,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0107/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6692c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borchert, W. B.","contributorId":34965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchert","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":55808,"text":"wdrNM761 - 1977 - Water resources data for New Mexico, water year 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-08T13:35:03","indexId":"wdrNM761","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NM-76-1","title":"Water resources data for New Mexico, water year 1976","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1976 water year for New Mexico consist of records of discharge and water quality of streams; stage, contents and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality in wells and springs. This report contains discharge records for 212 gaging stations; stage and contents for 24 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 67 gaging stations, 19 partial-record stations, 1 reservoir, 8 springs and 205 wells; and water levels for 98 observation wells. Also included are 155 crest-stage partial-record stations and 3 low-flow partialrecord stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System\noperated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in New Mexico.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrNM761","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of New Mexico and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Water resources data for New Mexico, water year 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NM-76-1, 670 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNM761.","productDescription":"670 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270287,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/nm-76-1/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0502,31.3322 ], [ -109.0502,37.0003 ], [ -103.002,37.0003 ], [ -103.002,31.3322 ], [ -109.0502,31.3322 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f281b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":55269,"text":"wdrKS761 - 1977 - Water resources data for Kansas, water year 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-14T09:43:11","indexId":"wdrKS761","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"KS-76-1","title":"Water resources data for Kansas, water year 1976","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1976 water year for Kansas consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality in wells. This report contains discharge records for 148 gaging stations; stage and contents for 20 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 67 gaging stations and 2 lakes; and water levels for 451 observation wells and water quality for 22 wells. Also included are data for 122 crest-stage partial-record stations and 23 low-flow partial-record stations. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the<br>U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Kansas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrKS761","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Water resources data for Kansas, water year 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report KS-76-1, x, 395 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrKS761.","productDescription":"x, 395 p.","numberOfPages":"406","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360290,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/ks-76-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/ks-76-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-99.541116,36.999573],[-99.648652,36.999604],[-99.657658,37.000197],[-99.875409,37.001659],[-99.995201,37.001631],[-100.115722,37.002206],[-100.193754,37.002133],[-100.552683,37.000735],[-100.734517,36.999059],[-100.756894,36.999357],[-100.855634,36.998626],[-100.904274,36.998745],[-100.945469,36.998153],[-101.012641,36.998176],[-101.359674,36.996232],[-102.04224,36.993083],[-102.041749,37.034397],[-102.041809,37.111973],[-102.042092,37.125021],[-102.041963,37.258164],[-102.041664,37.29765],[-102.042089,37.352819],[-102.041524,37.375018],[-102.042016,37.535261],[-102.041574,37.680436],[-102.042158,37.760164],[-102.042953,37.803535],[-102.044644,38.045532],[-102.044255,38.113011],[-102.044589,38.125013],[-102.044251,38.141778],[-102.044944,38.384419],[-102.044442,38.415802],[-102.044936,38.41968],[-102.045324,38.453647],[-102.045074,38.669617],[-102.045334,38.799463],[-102.046571,39.047038],[-102.04937,39.41821],[-102.049554,39.538932],[-102.050422,39.646048],[-102.050099,39.653812],[-102.050594,39.675594],[-102.051569,39.849805],[-102.051744,40.003078],[-101.904176,40.003162],[-101.841025,40.002784],[-101.409953,40.002354],[-101.324036,40.002696],[-100.937427,40.002145],[-100.75883,40.002302],[-100.66023,40.002162],[-100.645445,40.001883],[-100.196959,40.001494],[-99.990926,40.001503],[-99.948167,40.001813],[-99.930433,40.001516],[-99.813401,40.0014],[-99.772121,40.001804],[-99.756835,40.001342],[-99.746628,40.00182],[-99.49766,40.001912],[-99.423565,40.00227],[-99.412645,40.001868],[-99.282967,40.001879],[-99.018701,40.002333],[-98.710404,40.00218],[-98.690287,40.002548],[-98.652494,40.002245],[-98.64071,40.002493],[-98.560578,40.002274],[-98.274017,40.002516],[-98.250008,40.002307],[-98.193483,40.002614],[-98.099659,40.002227],[-97.838379,40.00191],[-97.777155,40.002167],[-97.510264,40.001835],[-97.369199,40.00206],[-97.20231,40.001442],[-97.142448,40.001495],[-97.137866,40.001814],[-97.049663,40.001323],[-96.916093,40.001506],[-96.622401,40.001158],[-96.610349,40.000881],[-96.467536,40.001035],[-96.125937,40.000432],[-96.02409,40.000719],[-95.30829,39.999998],[-95.308404,39.993758],[-95.30778,39.990618],[-95.307111,39.989114],[-95.302507,39.984357],[-95.289715,39.977706],[-95.274757,39.972115],[-95.269886,39.969396],[-95.261854,39.960618],[-95.257652,39.954886],[-95.250254,39.948644],[-95.241383,39.944949],[-95.236761,39.943931],[-95.231114,39.943784],[-95.220212,39.944433],[-95.21644,39.943953],[-95.213737,39.943206],[-95.204428,39.938949],[-95.201277,39.934194],[-95.20069,39.928155],[-95.20201,39.922438],[-95.205745,39.915169],[-95.206326,39.912121],[-95.206196,39.909557],[-95.205733,39.908275],[-95.201935,39.904053],[-95.199347,39.902709],[-95.193816,39.90069],[-95.189565,39.899959],[-95.179453,39.900062],[-95.172296,39.902026],[-95.159834,39.906984],[-95.156024,39.907243],[-95.149657,39.905948],[-95.146055,39.904183],[-95.143802,39.901918],[-95.142563,39.897992],[-95.142445,39.89542],[-95.143403,39.889356],[-95.142718,39.885889],[-95.140601,39.881688],[-95.137092,39.878351],[-95.134747,39.876852],[-95.128166,39.874165],[-95.105912,39.869164],[-95.090158,39.86314],[-95.085003,39.861883],[-95.081534,39.861718],[-95.052535,39.864374],[-95.042142,39.864805],[-95.037767,39.865542],[-95.032053,39.868337],[-95.027931,39.871522],[-95.025422,39.876711],[-95.025119,39.878833],[-95.025947,39.886747],[-95.02524,39.8897],[-95.024389,39.891202],[-95.018743,39.897372],[-95.013152,39.899953],[-95.00844,39.900596],[-95.003819,39.900401],[-94.990284,39.89701],[-94.986975,39.89667],[-94.977749,39.897472],[-94.963345,39.901136],[-94.959276,39.901671],[-94.95154,39.900533],[-94.943867,39.89813],[-94.934493,39.893366],[-94.929574,39.888754],[-94.927897,39.886112],[-94.927359,39.883966],[-94.927252,39.880258],[-94.928466,39.876344],[-94.931463,39.872602],[-94.938791,39.866954],[-94.940743,39.86441],[-94.942407,39.861066],[-94.942567,39.856602],[-94.939767,39.85193],[-94.937655,39.849786],[-94.92615,39.841322],[-94.916918,39.836138],[-94.909942,39.834426],[-94.903157,39.83385],[-94.892677,39.834378],[-94.889493,39.834026],[-94.886933,39.833098],[-94.881013,39.828922],[-94.878677,39.826522],[-94.877044,39.823754],[-94.876544,39.820594],[-94.875944,39.813294],[-94.876344,39.806894],[-94.880932,39.797338],[-94.884084,39.794234],[-94.890292,39.791626],[-94.892965,39.791098],[-94.925605,39.789754],[-94.929654,39.788282],[-94.932726,39.786282],[-94.935206,39.78313],[-94.935782,39.778906],[-94.935302,39.77561],[-94.934262,39.773642],[-94.929653,39.769098],[-94.926229,39.76649],[-94.916789,39.760938],[-94.912293,39.759338],[-94.906244,39.759418],[-94.899156,39.761258],[-94.895268,39.76321],[-94.883924,39.770186],[-94.88146,39.771258],[-94.871144,39.772994],[-94.869644,39.772894],[-94.867143,39.771694],[-94.865243,39.770094],[-94.863143,39.767294],[-94.860743,39.76309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,{"id":28068,"text":"wri7780 - 1977 - Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of southeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T11:09:06","indexId":"wri7780","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-80","title":"Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of southeastern Montana","docAbstract":"This report summarizes and evaluates water-quality data collected at 35 stream sites the the coal region of southeastern Montana. Sarpy Creek, Armells Creek, and Rosebud Creek sometimes have dissolved-solids concentrations that cause water to be marginal for agricultural purposes. At times of rainfall and snowmelt, the runoff water mixes with the base-flow component to improve the overall quality. Water in the Tongue River generally showed a downstream degradation in which some changes were related to lithology of the aquifers contributing water to streamflow. Water from Pumpkin Creek and Mizpah Creek is used mostly for cattle watering. To some extent water is used for irrigation although the salinity hazard was often high. The chemical quality of the Powder River changed little during flow downstream. High sediment loads of the river acted as transporting agents for many of the plant nutrients and trace-element constituents. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7780","usgsCitation":"Knapton, J.R., and McKinley, P.W., 1977, Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of southeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-80, viii, 145 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7780.","productDescription":"viii, 145 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0080/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":365770,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0080/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.22607421875,\n              44.98034238084973\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.99658203125,\n              44.98034238084973\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.99658203125,\n              47.07012182383309\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.22607421875,\n              47.07012182383309\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.22607421875,\n              44.98034238084973\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f1e6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knapton, J. R.","contributorId":84385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knapton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKinley, P. W.","contributorId":16414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":19486,"text":"ofr77803 - 1977 - Summary of hydrologic data collected during 1975 in Dade County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:29","indexId":"ofr77803","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-803","title":"Summary of hydrologic data collected during 1975 in Dade County, Florida","docAbstract":"During the 1975 calendar year rainfall in Dade County, Fla., was 14.89 inches below the long-term average (57.17 in.). Ground-water levels ranged from 0.1 foot above to 1.1 feet below average. The highest and lowest ground-water levels for the year were both 1 foot below their long-term averages. In the Hialeah-Miami Springs area, ground-water levels in wells near the centers of the heaviest pumping ranged from 9.8 to 11.2 feet below mean sea level and in the Southwest well field area, ground-water levels near the centers of pumping ranged from 3.5 feet above to 3.4 feet below mean sea level. The combined average daily discharge from eight major streams and canals that flow into Biscayne Bay was 1,014 cubic feet per second (cfs), 124 cfs above the combined average daily flow for the 1974 water year. The combined average daily flow through the Tamiami Canal outlets was 568 cfs, 202 cfs below that of the 1974 water year. The position of the salt front in 1975 in the coastal part of the Biscayne aquifer was about the same as in 1974 except at Miami International Airport and Homestead Air Force Base where the salt front had encroached farther inland. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77803","usgsCitation":"Hull, J.E., and Beaven, T., 1977, Summary of hydrologic data collected during 1975 in Dade County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-803, 120 p. :ill., maps ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77803.","productDescription":"120 p. :ill., maps ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699184","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hull, John E.","contributorId":15616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hull","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beaven, T.R.","contributorId":84757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaven","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5923,"text":"pp982 - 1977 - Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13786,"text":"ofr75617 - 1975 - Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York","indexId":"ofr75617","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5923,"text":"pp982 - 1977 - Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York","indexId":"pp982","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:45","indexId":"pp982","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"982","title":"Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional analog model of the ground-water system beneath Long Island, N.Y., provides a practical means for studying anisotropic flow on a regional scale. Constructional and operational techniques influence the simulation almost as much as model design does. Usefulness and accuracy of the model depend on (1) inherent and practical limitations of the finite-difference method, (2) accuracy and completeness of the data base, and (3) accuracy of the assumptions and approximations that were made in applying the simulation technique to this particular ground-water reservoir. Reliable data used in design of the model are (1) horizontal hydraulic conductivity and thickness of three major aquifers, (2) extent of confining beds, (3) specific yield, and (4) locations of streams. Estimates of vertical hydraulic conductivity and specific storage were applied to the model. Most spatially fixed model boundaries are good representations of prototype (real-world) boundaries. Most dynamic boundaries are only approximately represented, and some dynamic boundaries require application of unproved assumptions. The simulated ground-water reservoir generally agrees with prototype hydrology, and the model is being used for predictive studies. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp982","usgsCitation":"Getzen, R.T., 1977, Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 982, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp982.","productDescription":"49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0982/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32805,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0982/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6837cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Getzen, Rufus T.","contributorId":45699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Getzen","given":"Rufus","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":10427,"text":"ofr77485 - 1977 - Summary of basic hydrologic data collected at Coso Hot Springs, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:35","indexId":"ofr77485","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-485","title":"Summary of basic hydrologic data collected at Coso Hot Springs, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"More than 200 wells and springs were visited within a 20-mile radius of Coso Hot Springs, Calif. Hydrologic and geothermal data were collected for each well or spring site. The data includes depth, chemical quality, temperature and specific conductance of water, quantity of flow, well construction, and well logs. These data show that the normal temperature gradient in the ground is about 1.1 degrees Celsius (2 degrees Fahrenheit) per 100 feet. The temperature gradient in the thermal areas is as high as 24.4 degrees Celsius (44 degrees Fahrenheit) per 100 feet. The highest temperature measured for all the wells and springs was 142.2 degrees Celsius (288 degrees Fahrenheit). The chemical quality of water in the study area is generally good except in areas where water evaporates from land surface at Owens Valley playa or where steam escapes into the atmosphere from land surface. Computerized hydrologic and geothermal data are being stored for future use at the U.S. Geological Survey office, Laguna Niguel, Calif. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77485","usgsCitation":"Moyle, W., 1977, Summary of basic hydrologic data collected at Coso Hot Springs, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-485, iv, 93 p. :ill., 2 fold. maps (in pocket) ;27 cm.; (53 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77485.","productDescription":"iv, 93 p. :ill., 2 fold. maps (in pocket) ;27 cm.; (53 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0485/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38282,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0485/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38283,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0485/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69937a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyle, W. R.","contributorId":27421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyle","given":"W. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":56396,"text":"wdrMI761 - 1977 - Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-10T14:35:38","indexId":"wdrMI761","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MI-76-1","title":"Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1976","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1976 water year for Michigan consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels in wells. This report contains discharge records for 194 gaging stations; stage and contents for 5 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 75 continuous record stations, 28 partial-record stations and 5 lakes; and water levels for 27 observations wells. Also included are 88 crest-stage partial-record stations and 33 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Michigan.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMI761","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MI-76-1, x, 615 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMI761.","productDescription":"x, 615 p.","numberOfPages":"630","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344729,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/mi-76-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":181737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/mi-76-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":18258,"text":"ofr78200 - 1977 - Quality of rivers of the United States, 1975 water year; based on the National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-02T15:19:36","indexId":"ofr78200","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-200","title":"Quality of rivers of the United States, 1975 water year; based on the National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN)","docAbstract":"<p>The National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) was established by the U.S. Geological Survey to provide a nationally uniform basis for continuously assessing the quality of U.S. rivers. Stations generally are at the downstream end of hydrologic accounting units in order to measure the quantity and quality of water flowing from the units. The 1975 water year was the first year of operation of the network that represents essentially all of the accounting units and thereby describes the water- quality of the entire country. Data are available on a large number of water-quality constituents measured at 345 stations during the 1975 water year. </p><p>Temperature data (usually continuous or daily measurements) from NASQAN stations were fitted to a first order harmonic equation and the parameters for the harmonic function are reported for each station. Mean temperatures generally range from 5°-10°C in the North to more than 20°C along the southern border of the continental United States and in Hawaii and Puerto Rico; means were less than 10°C at 63 stations and greater than 25°C at only 7 stations. Amplitudes of the temperature curves are greatest (greater than 12°C) for the streams at midlatitudes and in the Great and Central Plains, and they are smallest for the subtropical and cold-climate streams. </p><p>Considering chemical and biological characteristics of U.S. streams as described by NASQAN data, water quality is best (by many standards) in the Northeast, Southeast, and Northwest. Waters there generally are low in dissolved solids and major and minor chemical constituents, generally are soft (except in Florida), and carry relatively small amounts of sediment. These conditions mainly reflect the geology of the regions and the relatively large amounts of precipitation. However, many of these waters show the effects of pollution and carry moderate or high levels of major nutrients and have correspondingly high populations of attached and floating plants. High counts of indicator bacteria also show signs of local pollution, particularly in regions of the country with large human and animal populations. In the Northeast, some heavy metals are at moderate levels, but not above most water-quality criteria.</p><p>Rivers of most of the Mid-Continent and Southwest reflect the arid or semi-arid climate, erodible soils, and agricultural activities. They are characterized by moderate to high levels of dissolved major and minor constituents, sediment, major nutrients, and biota (floating and attached aquatic plants and indicator bacteria). In addition, the most incidences of pesticides in stream and bottom sediments were found in these regions. </p><p>A special analysis was made to study the patterns of dissolved solids, major nutrients, phytoplankton, and zinc in the Mississippi River above Memphis, Tennessee. It was found that flow volume is an important factor in influencing river quality, and that stations with low concentration of major nutrients generally had low phytoplankton populations as well.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr78200","usgsCitation":"Briggs, J.C., and Ficke, J.F., 1977, Quality of rivers of the United States, 1975 water year; based on the National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-200, viii, 436 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78200.","productDescription":"viii, 436 p.","numberOfPages":"446","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr78200.jpg"},{"id":330665,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0200/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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,{"id":27906,"text":"wri7782 - 1977 - Ground-water hydrology of the Lower Milliken-Sarco-Tulucay Creeks area, Napa County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-20T11:29:09","indexId":"wri7782","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-82","title":"Ground-water hydrology of the Lower Milliken-Sarco-Tulucay Creeks area, Napa County, California","docAbstract":"<p>The Sonoma Volcanics are the principal water-bearing materials in the lower Milliken-Sarco-Tulucay Creeks area, which occupies about 15 square miles (39 square kilometers) in and east of Napa, Calif. The distribution and composition of these volcanic units are highly variable and complex. Within the Sonoma Volcanics the tuffs constitute the best ground-water reservoir. They are principally pumicitic ash-flow tuffs, partly welded and moderately permeable. These tuffs extend to a depth exceeding 500 feet (150 meters), and are irregularly interbedded with clay, igneous flows, and other volcanically derived material of very low permeability which locally confine the tuffs. Recharge and movement of ground water within these tuffs are affected by the highly variable character of this rock sequence, by adjacent formations, and by tectonic features such as the Cup and Saucer ridge and the Soda Creek fault. The lithology of the area limits specific yields to about 4 percent (unconfined conditions). Specific capacities of wells average less than 3 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown (0.6 liter per second per meter) except in the most permeable areas.</p>\n<p>Annual pumpage of 3,000 acre-feet (3.7 cubic hectometers), mostly from the Sonoma tuffs, represents a significant portion of the ground-water discharge. The seasonal change in ground-water storage was about 6,600 acre-feet (8.1 cubic hectometers) in 1975. Water-level data from the area reflect the seasonal change in ground-water storage, with fluctuations of 3 to 60 feet (1 to 18 meters). The storage capacity to a depth of 500 feet (150 meters) may be as much as 196,000 acre-feet (242 cubic hectometers) in the study area, but physical and economic factors may restrict the usable capacity to about 20,000 acre-feet (25 cubic hectometers).</p>\n<p>Recharge within the area is generally inadequate to marginal under 1975 demand. There is insufficient recharge in the Milliken and Sarco Creeks area to support 1975 pumpage. Long-term changes in the seasonal peak water levels indicate an average decline of 1.5 feet per year (0.5 meter per year). By 1975 annual pumpage was not exceeding recharge in the Tulucay Creek area. Although a downward trend in water levels was noted in the western part of this basin in the late 1940's, the pumping distribution and its stress on the ground-water system have since changed, and no overall downward trend was evident in the Tulucay Creek area in 1975.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/wri7782","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M.J., 1977, Ground-water hydrology of the Lower Milliken-Sarco-Tulucay Creeks area, Napa County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-82, Report: v, 40 p.; Plate: 41.82 x 25.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7782.","productDescription":"Report: v, 40 p.; Plate: 41.82 x 25.99 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri7782.jpg"},{"id":321077,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0082/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":321078,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0082/plate-1.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Napa County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-122.396,38.8636],[-122.3806,38.8494],[-122.374,38.846],[-122.3703,38.8438],[-122.3547,38.8373],[-122.3476,38.8375],[-122.3419,38.8422],[-122.3308,38.8442],[-122.3219,38.8449],[-122.3141,38.8401],[-122.3029,38.8417],[-122.2981,38.8391],[-122.2862,38.8394],[-122.2848,38.8312],[-122.2778,38.82],[-122.2707,38.8039],[-122.2558,38.7843],[-122.2532,38.7789],[-122.2501,38.7726],[-122.2467,38.7627],[-122.246,38.7586],[-122.2438,38.7464],[-122.2363,38.7362],[-122.2303,38.7336],[-122.2283,38.7291],[-122.2226,38.7188],[-122.2211,38.7084],[-122.2176,38.6931],[-122.2156,38.689],[-122.2097,38.6873],[-122.2014,38.6875],[-122.1978,38.684],[-122.1933,38.675],[-122.1954,38.6686],[-122.191,38.6619],[-122.1868,38.6584],[-122.1777,38.6509],[-122.1682,38.6502],[-122.1592,38.644],[-122.1577,38.6372],[-122.1582,38.6327],[-122.155,38.6269],[-122.1637,38.6217],[-122.1629,38.6163],[-122.1616,38.6131],[-122.1592,38.6118],[-122.1522,38.6133],[-122.1447,38.618],[-122.1415,38.6117],[-122.1384,38.6068],[-122.1322,38.6006],[-122.129,38.5925],[-122.1276,38.5871],[-122.1263,38.5835],[-122.1211,38.5696],[-122.1177,38.5551],[-122.1144,38.5452],[-122.1116,38.5349],[-122.1063,38.5168],[-122.1056,38.515],[-122.1054,38.5091],[-122.1053,38.4906],[-122.108,38.4823],[-122.1163,38.4686],[-122.1179,38.464],[-122.119,38.4603],[-122.1211,38.4539],[-122.1237,38.4457],[-122.1267,38.4284],[-122.1241,38.4226],[-122.1217,38.4208],[-122.1204,38.4181],[-122.1167,38.4123],[-122.1118,38.407],[-122.1069,38.4016],[-122.1051,38.3999],[-122.0972,38.3928],[-122.0893,38.3853],[-122.0849,38.3781],[-122.0836,38.3754],[-122.078,38.3664],[-122.0694,38.3553],[-122.0661,38.3449],[-122.0652,38.3341],[-122.0627,38.3305],[-122.0608,38.3251],[-122.06,38.3215],[-122.0611,38.3178],[-122.064,38.3164],[-122.2083,38.316],[-122.2026,38.3035],[-122.2036,38.3003],[-122.2046,38.2948],[-122.202,38.2885],[-122.2001,38.2854],[-122.1971,38.2823],[-122.194,38.2783],[-122.1915,38.2729],[-122.1902,38.2715],[-122.1943,38.2705],[-122.2008,38.2718],[-122.209,38.2716],[-122.2141,38.2674],[-122.2103,38.2598],[-122.2068,38.2589],[-122.1986,38.2591],[-122.1915,38.257],[-122.193,38.252],[-122.2,38.25],[-122.2107,38.2525],[-122.2087,38.2467],[-122.2068,38.244],[-122.2055,38.2408],[-122.1952,38.2297],[-122.1925,38.2203],[-122.1936,38.218],[-122.1963,38.212],[-122.2037,38.2064],[-122.2047,38.2014],[-122.2068,38.195],[-122.2148,38.1894],[-122.2145,38.1826],[-122.2137,38.1772],[-122.2047,38.1706],[-122.1934,38.1667],[-122.1943,38.1576],[-122.1966,38.1562],[-122.2926,38.1564],[-122.2927,38.156],[-122.3014,38.1564],[-122.3014,38.1566],[-122.3693,38.1564],[-122.3655,38.1633],[-122.3657,38.1692],[-122.3677,38.1741],[-122.3702,38.18],[-122.3669,38.1841],[-122.361,38.1829],[-122.3576,38.1861],[-122.3603,38.1947],[-122.3532,38.194],[-122.3521,38.1963],[-122.351,38.1976],[-122.3524,38.2035],[-122.3542,38.2062],[-122.3574,38.212],[-122.3584,38.2229],[-122.3619,38.2373],[-122.3652,38.2463],[-122.3675,38.2462],[-122.3704,38.2448],[-122.3733,38.2443],[-122.374,38.2465],[-122.3759,38.2492],[-122.3836,38.2518],[-122.3867,38.2558],[-122.3892,38.2607],[-122.3905,38.2638],[-122.3879,38.2734],[-122.3892,38.2743],[-122.3973,38.2732],[-122.401,38.2767],[-122.403,38.2826],[-122.4014,38.2862],[-122.4011,38.2935],[-122.4031,38.3012],[-122.3974,38.3045],[-122.3957,38.3063],[-122.4019,38.3143],[-122.4057,38.3229],[-122.4093,38.3237],[-122.4119,38.3313],[-122.4146,38.3381],[-122.4212,38.3424],[-122.4249,38.3469],[-122.4292,38.3513],[-122.4352,38.3553],[-122.4436,38.3591],[-122.452,38.3639],[-122.4564,38.3702],[-122.4547,38.3734],[-122.4484,38.3758],[-122.4449,38.3773],[-122.4527,38.3825],[-122.4582,38.3865],[-122.4654,38.3908],[-122.4685,38.3948],[-122.4705,38.4016],[-122.4762,38.4096],[-122.478,38.4109],[-122.4865,38.4171],[-122.4996,38.4231],[-122.4951,38.4277],[-122.4912,38.4337],[-122.4861,38.4379],[-122.4816,38.443],[-122.4814,38.4521],[-122.4862,38.4552],[-122.4927,38.4559],[-122.5027,38.4557],[-122.5081,38.4587],[-122.5066,38.4651],[-122.5163,38.4712],[-122.5222,38.4706],[-122.5275,38.4714],[-122.5337,38.4803],[-122.5394,38.4892],[-122.5433,38.4973],[-122.5363,38.5006],[-122.5418,38.5059],[-122.5402,38.5092],[-122.5422,38.515],[-122.5473,38.5239],[-122.5632,38.5249],[-122.5662,38.5253],[-122.5744,38.5382],[-122.5818,38.5476],[-122.5994,38.5589],[-122.6183,38.5612],[-122.6222,38.5688],[-122.6264,38.5696],[-122.6323,38.5703],[-122.6302,38.5772],[-122.6465,38.5999],[-122.637,38.6124],[-122.6309,38.6203],[-122.6274,38.6226],[-122.6313,38.6298],[-122.6334,38.6379],[-122.6235,38.6535],[-122.6233,38.6626],[-122.6258,38.6675],[-122.4634,38.7051],[-122.4159,38.7697],[-122.41,38.7712],[-122.4065,38.7722],[-122.4036,38.7741],[-122.4066,38.7754],[-122.4073,38.7763],[-122.4091,38.778],[-122.4081,38.7821],[-122.41,38.7853],[-122.4101,38.788],[-122.4079,38.7917],[-122.4068,38.7944],[-122.403,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Michael J. johnsonm@usgs.gov","contributorId":2282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michael","email":"johnsonm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29208,"text":"wri7790 - 1977 - Techniques for Estimating Flood-Depth Frequency Relations on Natural Streams in Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T08:01:19","indexId":"wri7790","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-90","title":"Techniques for Estimating Flood-Depth Frequency Relations on Natural Streams in Georgia","docAbstract":"Regional relations are defined for estimating the depth of floods having recurrence intervals of 10, 50, and 100 years on streams with natural flow in Georgia.\r\n\r\nMultiple-regression analysis of station data is used to define the relations between flood depths and frequency for streams draining from 1 to 1,000 square miles, and for 10 climatological and physical basin characteristics.\r\n\r\nThe analysis indicates that the drainage area of the basin is the most significant variable. Five regions having distinct flood-depth frequency characteristics are delineated.\r\n\r\nThe developed relations, expressed as equations and graphs, are considered usable for any site in Georgia where the drainage area is between 1 and 1,000 square miles, and the flow is natural; exceptions include streams that are urbanized, regulated, tide affected, channelized, or where manmade structures significantly affect peak stages.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7790","usgsCitation":"Price, M., 1977, Techniques for Estimating Flood-Depth Frequency Relations on Natural Streams in Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-90, iii, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7790.","productDescription":"iii, 33 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_77_90.gif"},{"id":12592,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri77-90/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db686095","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, McGlone","contributorId":42964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"McGlone","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39611,"text":"pp1022A - 1977 - Assessment of increased thermal activity at Mount Baker, Washington, March 1975-March 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:18","indexId":"pp1022A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1022","chapter":"A","title":"Assessment of increased thermal activity at Mount Baker, Washington, March 1975-March 1976","docAbstract":"In March 1975 Mount Baker showed a large increase in thermal emission, which has persisted for more than 1 year. Fumarole ejecta accompanied the thermal activity from March to September, but the ejecta had no constituents that suggest a magmatic source. Estimates of that part of the total heat flux that would account for the observed snow and ice loss show that the heat-flow increase was roughly one order of magnitude, from about 2 megawatts at 10 watts per square meter, averaged over Sherman Crater before 1975, to about 30 megawatts at 180 watts per square meter, during 1975. Almost half of the glacier that occupied the basin of Sherman Crater was melted in 1975. \r\n\r\nThe new activity generated great concern among the public and the government agencies responsible for geological evaluation of potential hazards and for protection of life and property. The past geologic history, current topography, rock alteration, and location of major fumarolic activity indicate that large rock avalanches and mudflows on the east slope in Boulder Creek valley are the potential hazards of most significance related to present conditions. The most probable types of large mass movements would be mudflows, having speeds of as much as 50 kilometers per hour, that would originate from mixtures of snow, ice, and melt water and avalanches of structurally weak clay-rich rocks that make up the rim of Sherman Crater. Similar mudflows from the volcano have traveled at least 12 kilometers 8 times during the past 10,000 years. A possible worst case event, however, might be a larger, air-cushioned avalanche of as much as 20 to 30 million cubic meters that could hit Baker Lake at speeds of more than 300 kilometers per hour and generate a wave of water large enough to overtop Upper Baker Dam. \r\n\r\nAt least 30 million cubic meters of potentially unstable material occurs as hydrothermally altered remnants of the rim of Sherman Crater and could provide the required volume for the estimated worst case event or for smaller avalanches and mudflows. An earthquake, steam explosion, or eruption could provide a suitable trigger to initiate movement. Although such triggering events were possible before 1975, the probability might have been as much as 10 times greater in 1975 because of the increased thermal activity. The threat of avalanches and mudflows on Boulder Creek valley and Baker Lake prompted the closure by management agencies of the Boulder Creek drainage and of Baker Lake and its shoreline in the summer of 1975. Additionally, Baker Lake was kept below full pool at a level calculated to prevent overtopping of Upper Baker Dam by waves which could result from a worst-case avalanche. \r\n\r\nIn 1975 an interdisciplinary program of seismic, tilt, gravity, gas, hydrologic, petrologic, thermal infrared, and photographic studies by Federal and university scientists was initiated to evaluate the impact of the current thermal activity and to monitor changes that might indicate an impending eruption. By March 1976 only one small earth- quake had been identified beneath Mount Baker. Tilt and gravity changes have been observed but cannot be attributed solely to volcanic causes. The data available thus far provide no evidence of an impending eruption, but they cannot be fully interpreted without many additional geophysical and geochemical measurements, as it is not yet possible to clearly distinguish volcanic effects from non- volcanic background effects. \r\n\r\nInasmuch as current activity continues unchanged - without steam explosions, eruptions, or frequent or large earthquakes - the probability of a suitable trigger for large avalanches and mudflows should decrease and should approach that of a more average year. Such an average year would have a hazard probability at least as great as that which existed before 1975, although that level of hazard was not recognized at the time by the public or by administrative agencies. The potential hazard and the uncertainties of future activ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp1022A","usgsCitation":"Frank, D., Meier, M.F., Swanson, D., with contributions by Babcock, J.W., Fretwell, M.O., Malone, S.D., Rosenfeld, C.L., Shreve, R.L., and Wilcox, R.E., 1977, Assessment of increased thermal activity at Mount Baker, Washington, March 1975-March 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1022, vii, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1022A.","productDescription":"vii, 49 p.","temporalStart":"1975-03-01","temporalEnd":"1976-03-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1022a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67204,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1022a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671f54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frank, David","contributorId":13969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meier, Mark Frederick","contributorId":30982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"Frederick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":22303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"with contributions by Babcock, James W.","contributorId":105596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"with contributions by Babcock","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fretwell, Marvin O.","contributorId":98999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fretwell","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Malone, Stephen D.","contributorId":68135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rosenfeld, Charles L.","contributorId":70249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenfeld","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shreve, Ronald L.","contributorId":52341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shreve","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilcox, Ray E.","contributorId":63074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":22350,"text":"ofr77781 - 1977 - Discharge and water-quality data for selected streams at low flow including some bottom-material analyses, and limnological study of six lakes, Westchester County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-11T14:23:47","indexId":"ofr77781","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-781","title":"Discharge and water-quality data for selected streams at low flow including some bottom-material analyses, and limnological study of six lakes, Westchester County, New York","docAbstract":"Water-quality data collected at sites on 33 Westchester County, N.Y., streams August 4 to 6, 1976 during low flow (80-percent or more duration) indicate that although the chemical characteristics of most streams met State standards for water-supply source waters, none met the coliform standard, and several failed to meet standards for organic nitrogen, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Chemical analyses of bottom materials indicated detectable concentrations of the insecticides chlordane, dieldrin, and DDT at most of the 17 stream sites sampled. Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCB's) were found in more than half the samples, and the lead concentration on one stream was significantly higher than at the other sites. The six lakes studied are similar in bedrock geology, climate, and algal types and numbers. Minor differences in the chemistry of the lakes is attributable to the presence or absence of marble (calcium carbonate) in the gneissic basins, septic loadings of soluble constituents, or runoff containing salt from winter road deicing. The lakes probably receive most of their water by direct runoff and groundwater seepage rather than from major streams. All six lakes can be classed as eutrophic on the basis of algal type and density, dissolved-oxygen distribution, and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77781","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Archer, R.J., and Turk, J.T., 1977, Discharge and water-quality data for selected streams at low flow including some bottom-material analyses, and limnological study of six lakes, Westchester County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-781, vi, 72 leaves :ill., 1 map ;28 cm.; (107 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77781.","productDescription":"vi, 72 leaves :ill., 1 map ;28 cm.; (107 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267201,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0781/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aa8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archer, Roger J.","contributorId":108106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archer","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turk, John T.","contributorId":53363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turk","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":56367,"text":"wdrCT761 - 1977 - Water resources data for Connecticut, water year 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-30T19:06:05.732535","indexId":"wdrCT761","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CT-76-1","title":"Water resources data for Connecticut, water year 1976","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1976 water year for Connecticut consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; contents and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 59 gaging stations; tidal volume for 1 gaging station; stage only records for 3 tidal-gaging stations; contents for 36 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 72 gaging stations, 3 lakes, 13 tidal stations, and 3 wells; and water levels for 24 observation wells. Also included are 59 crest-stage partial-record stations and 45 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not involved in the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. Locations of hydrologic stations are shown on figures 1 and 2. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Connecticut.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrCT761","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Connecticut and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Water resources data for Connecticut, water year 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CT-76-1, x, 449 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCT761.","productDescription":"x, 449 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409880,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/ct-76-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":184916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/ct-76-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":56276,"text":"wdrWA762 - 1977 - Water resources data for Washington, water year 1976, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T18:28:09.946631","indexId":"wdrWA762","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"WA-76-2","title":"Water resources data for Washington, water year 1976, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1976 water year for Washington consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 248 gaging stations; stage only records for 3 gaging stations; stage and contents for 44 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 123 gaging stations, 1 partial-record station, and 7 lakes; and water levels for 108 observations wells. Also included are 172 crest-stage partial-record stations and 1 low-flow partial-record station. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not involved in the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Washington.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrWA762","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Washington and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Water resources data for Washington, water year 1976, Vol. 2 - Eastern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report WA-76-2, x, 344 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrWA762.","productDescription":"x, 344 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":410999,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/wa-76-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174641,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/wa-76-2/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":26626,"text":"wri778 - 1977 - Computation of records of streamflow at control structures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T10:05:44","indexId":"wri778","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-8","title":"Computation of records of streamflow at control structures","docAbstract":"Traditional methods of computing streamflow records on large, low-gradient streams require a continuous record of water-surface slope over a natural channel reach. This slope must be of sufficient magnitude to be accuratly measured with available stage measuring devices. On highly regulated streams, this slope approaches zero during periods of low flow and accurate measurement is difficult. Methods are described to calibrate multipurpose regulating control structures to more accurately compute streamflow records on highly-regulated streams. Hydraulic theory, assuming steady, uniform flow during a computational interval, is described for five different types of flow control. The controls are: Tainter gates, hydraulic turbines, fixed spillways, navigation locks, and crest gates. Detailed calibration procedures are described for the five different controls as well as for several flow regimes for some of the controls. The instrumentation package and computer programs necessary to collect and process the field data are discussed. Two typical calibration procedures and measurement data are presented to illustrate the accuracy of the methods. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri778","usgsCitation":"Collins, D.L., 1977, Computation of records of streamflow at control structures: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-8, vii, 57 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri778.","productDescription":"vii, 57 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":365433,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0008/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7e96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Dannie L.","contributorId":77925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Dannie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44536,"text":"ofr7739 - 1977 - Small-stream flood investigations in Minnesota: October 1958 to September 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T11:27:45","indexId":"ofr7739","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-39","title":"Small-stream flood investigations in Minnesota: October 1958 to September 1975","docAbstract":"<p>An investigation of flood flows from small drainage basins in Minnesota was initiated to aid in the design of bridges, culverts and other highway drainage structures. The program provides peak flow data on streams having drainage areas generally less than 50 square miles, placing particular emphasis on those less than 10 square miles. Basin parameters being investigated are drainage area, length of main stream, slope of main channel, basin altitude, forest cover, and storage area. Each of the 138 gaging stations are equipped with crest-stage gages, and 10 stations have continuous recorded records of stage and precipitation. The relative magnitude of flood flows for different hydrologic regions are shown in graphs which relate maximum discharge to drainage area. Each station record contains location, drainage area, records available, type of gage, on-site structure elevations, bankfill stage, and annual maximum stage and discharge data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr7739","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Highways","usgsCitation":"Guetzkow, L.C., and Gunard, K.T., 1977, Small-stream flood investigations in Minnesota: October 1958 to September 1975: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-39, viii, 161 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7739.","productDescription":"viii, 161 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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,{"id":44535,"text":"wri773 - 1977 - Water resources of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-14T15:14:12","indexId":"wri773","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-3","title":"Water resources of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources of the Umatilla Indian Reservation are poorly distributed both geographically and in time. On the reservation, only the Umatilla River and one of its principal tributaries, Meacham Creek, have significant perennial flows. Runoff of the principal streams is largely from snowmelt in the Blue Mountains and is highly variable. The principal aquifers are the Columbia River Basalt Group and the Quaternary alluvium. The basalt underlies the entire reservation to a depth of a few thousand feet, and most wells tap this source. The Quaternary alluvium is present only in the valleys of the principal streams. The alluvium averages about 12 feet (ft) in thickness in the Umatilla River valley, where it has the greatest extent; elsewhere it is generally thinner.</p><p>Surface-water outflow from the reservation averages about 600 cubic feet per second (ft<sup>3</sup>/s), and the total stream inflow is about 540 ft<sup>3</sup>/s. About 480 ft<sup>3</sup>/s of the outflow is in the Umatilla River, 106 ft<sup>3</sup>/s is in McKay Creek, and 14 ft<sup>3</sup>/s is in other streams.</p><p>Dependable streamflow, defined here as the 7-day mean low flow that will occur once every 50 years, on the average, is 30 ft<sup>3</sup>/s in Umatilla River above Meacham Creek near Gibbon, 5 ft<sup>3</sup>/s in Meacham Creek below Line Creek at the east boundary, 33 ft<sup>3</sup>/s in Umatilla River at Cayuse, and 14 ft<sup>3</sup>/s in Umatilla River at Pendleton. Monthly mean flows in Umatilla River above Meacham Creek near Gibbon in summer and fall frequently are less than the published recommended minimum flows for spawning and rearing of trout; in the reach of the Umatilla River near Pendleton the summer and fall flows generally are below those recommended minimum flows.</p><p>Wells in the Columbia River Basalt Group range in depth from a few to 1,910 ft, and their yields range from less than 1 to more than 1,200 gallons per minute (gal/min). Small yields adequate for domestic needs can generally be obtained from the basalt. The depths required for successful wells may be&nbsp;extremely variable. Evaluation of specific-capacity data from wells in the basalt in four geographic areas suggests that the basalt is more permeable beneath the south reservation and the Umatilla River valley, that the permeability decreases on the north reservation, and that it is least in the Blue Mountains.&nbsp;</p><p>Surface and ground waters generally are of good quality and suitable for most uses. Surface water is soft and generally contains less than 120 milligrams per liter (ug/L) of dissolved solids. Dissolved oxygen in streams is generally at or close to saturation levels at most stream temperatures and discharge rates. Ground water ranges from soft to very hard (28 to 280 mg/L), but it generally ranges between moderately hard to hard (61 to 180 mg/L). Dissolved solids in ground water range from 88 to 561 mg/L, but generally are between 200 and about 250 mg/L.</p><p>During 1975, an estimated 11 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) of surface and ground water was withdrawn from the reservation for all uses. About 4 Mgal/d was from surface-water sources and 60 percent, or 7 Mgal/d, was from ground-water sources. About 7.2 Mgal/d was used for irrigation, 3.6 Mgal/d for public supply, and the remainder was for domestic and industrial use. About 4 Mgal/d, or 40 percent of the total water withdrawn, was for public supply and for irrigation use outside the reservation boundaries.</p><p>Local seasonal declines of ground-water levels of 100 ft or more occur in shallow basalt wells in the Umatilla River valley between Mission and the west boundary. The declines are due chiefly to pumping from many small-capacity shallow wells in the basalt for irrigation of lawns and small acreages of pasture or hay.</p><p>Future potential problems on the reservation include regional decline of ground-water levels in the basalt aquifer and local contamination of surface and ground water from accidental spills of deleterious substances. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri773","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation","usgsCitation":"Gonthier, J.B., and Harris, D., 1977, Water resources of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-3, vi, 112 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri773.","productDescription":"vi, 112 p.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0003/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":361270,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0003/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":361269,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"62500","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Umatilla Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.8,\n              45.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.25,\n              45.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.25,\n              45.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.8,\n              45.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.8,\n              45.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698600","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gonthier, Joseph B.","contributorId":74350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonthier","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":229957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, D.D.","contributorId":59002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":3866,"text":"cir745 - 1977 - Water consumption by nuclear powerplants and some hydrological implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-07T08:39:03","indexId":"cir745","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"745","title":"Water consumption by nuclear powerplants and some hydrological implications","docAbstract":"Published data show that estimated water consumption varies with the cooling system adopted, being least in once-through cooling (about 18 cubic feet per second per 1,000 megawatts electrical) and greatest in closed cooling with mechanical draft towers (about 30 cubic feet per second per 1,000 megawatts electrical). When freshwater is used at this magnitude, water-resources economy may be affected in a given region. The critical need for cooling water at all times by the nuclear powerplant industry, coupled with the knowledge that water withdrawal in the basin will generally increase with time and will be at a maximum during low-flow periods, indicates a need for reexamination of the design low flow currently adopted and the methods used to estimate it. The amount of power generated, the name of the cooling water source, and the cooling method adopted for all nuclear powerplants projected to be in operation by 1985 in the United States are tabulated and the estimated annual evaporation at each powerplant site is shown on a map of the conterminous United States. Another map is presented that shows all nuclear powerplants located on river sites as well as stream reaches in the United States where the 7-day, 10-year low flow is at least 300 cubic feet per second or where this amount of flow can be developed with storage. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir745","usgsCitation":"Giusti, E.V., and Meyer, E., 1977, Water consumption by nuclear powerplants and some hydrological implications: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 745, iii, 14 p. :ill. ;26 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/cir745.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p. :ill. ;26 cm. ","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":30959,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1977/0745/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1977/0745/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d8e4b07f02db54942f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giusti, Ennio V.","contributorId":35301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giusti","given":"Ennio","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, E.L.","contributorId":102870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":56390,"text":"wdrWV761 - 1977 - Water resources data for West Virginia, water year 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-24T15:15:39.225972","indexId":"wdrWV761","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"WV-76-1","title":"Water resources data for West Virginia, water year 1976","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources data for the 1976 water year for West Virginia consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and springs; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels in wells. This report contains discharge records for 125 gaging stations; stage only records for 4 gaging stations; stage and contents for 6 lakes and reservoirs; contents for 1 reservoir; water quality for 44 gaging stations; and water levels for 38 observation wells. Also included are 37 crest-stage partial-record stations and 8 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data collections program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in West Virginia.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrWV761","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of West Virginia and other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Water resources data for West Virginia, water year 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report WV-76-1, viii, 423 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrWV761.","productDescription":"viii, 423 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185135,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/wv-76-1/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":482370,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/wv-76-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"West 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,{"id":44532,"text":"wri7712 - 1977 - Flow routing in the Susquehanna River Basin: Part I - Effects of Raystown Lake on the low-flow frequency characteristics of the Juniata and lower Susquehanna Rivers, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-07T08:40:18","indexId":"wri7712","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-12","title":"Flow routing in the Susquehanna River Basin: Part I - Effects of Raystown Lake on the low-flow frequency characteristics of the Juniata and lower Susquehanna Rivers, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>A flow-routing model was used to simulate 17 water years of daily streamflows at five sites. The sites were Mapleton Depot and Newport, Pennsylvania, on the Juniata River, and Harrisburg and Marietta, Pennsylvania, and Conowingo, Maryland, on the Susquehanna River. The purpose for the simulations was to determine the effects of a new reservoir, Raystown Lake, on the low-flow frequency characteristics of these sites. Raystown Lake is on Raystown Branch Juniata River, a tributary to the Juniata River.</p>\n<p>Output from a reservoir-regulation model of Raystown Lake was used as input to the flow-routing models. In addition, a reservoir-routing model was developed for the hydroelectric power dams on the lower Susquehanna River.</p>\n<p>Low-flow frequency curves, based on the post-Raystown Lake simulated flows, were compared to similar curves based on pre-Raystown observed data. The comparison indicated that operation of the lake will cause estimated increases in the 7-day 10-year low flows ranging from 420 cfs at Mapleton Depot to 290 cfs at Marietta and Conowingo over the 7-day 10-year low flows for pre-Raystown conditions.</p>\n<p>Although inherent modeling errors exist in all of these simulated data, the overall quality of the simulated flows and the low-flow frequency curves is considered good. (Woodard-USGS)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7712","usgsCitation":"Armbruster, J.T., 1977, Flow routing in the Susquehanna River Basin: Part I - Effects of Raystown Lake on the low-flow frequency characteristics of the Juniata and lower Susquehanna Rivers, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-12, v, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7712.","productDescription":"v, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri7712.jpg"},{"id":310269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0012/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.37646484375,\n              39.65645604812829\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37646484375,\n              41.054501963290505\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.1572265625,\n              41.054501963290505\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.1572265625,\n              39.65645604812829\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37646484375,\n              39.65645604812829\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aee57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armbruster, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":37707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":10854,"text":"ofr77150 - 1977 - A brief investigation of the surface-water hydrology of Yemen Arab Republic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-26T09:10:54","indexId":"ofr77150","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-150","title":"A brief investigation of the surface-water hydrology of Yemen Arab Republic","docAbstract":"Yemen, near the southwest tip of the Arabian Peninsula, is a mountainous country bordered by a desert on the east and a coastal plain on the west. Rainfall is low and seasonal; consequently, most streams (wadis) are ephemeral. The natural flow regimens of many of the smaller wadis are modified by terracing for agriculture. The only streamflow data available in Yemen are short records on four large wadis. A brief field investigation and application of reconnaissance techniques are the bases for the largely qualitative description of the hydrology, and for the proposal to collect streamflow data needed for orderly development of the expanding economy. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr77150","usgsCitation":"Riggs, H.C., 1977, A brief investigation of the surface-water hydrology of Yemen Arab Republic: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-150, iv, 37 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77150.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":363243,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0150/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0150/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Yemen","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd497ae4b0b290850ef37d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riggs, Henry Chiles","contributorId":44129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"Chiles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27885,"text":"wri7714 - 1977 - Simulation studies of flow and sediment transport using a mathematical model, Atchafalaya River Basin, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T09:58:48","indexId":"wri7714","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-14","title":"Simulation studies of flow and sediment transport using a mathematical model, Atchafalaya River Basin, Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p>Simulation studies were made of flow and sediment transport for the Atchafalaya River basin, Louisiana using a mathematical model calibrated and supplied by the Hydrologic Engineering Center and the New Orleans District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The study results are based on three, 50-year computer simulations for the following alternatives: (1) no-action alternative, (2) channelization with a center-channel flow area of 80,000 sq ft, and (3) channelization with a center-channel flow area of 100,000 sq ft. Analyses of the simulated data base for depth-frequency, inundated-area, floodway cross-section and water-surface profile relationships were made for 10 flow rates. The analyses indicate a general trend of aggradation in the lower part of the floodway with a consequent trend toward increasing the inundated area, especially at higher flood flows.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7714","usgsCitation":"Jennings, M.E., and Land, L.F., 1977, Simulation studies of flow and sediment transport using a mathematical model, Atchafalaya River Basin, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-14, vi, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7714.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":359497,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0014/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0014/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Atchafalaya River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.91986083984375,\n              29.310351371763023\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14532470703125,\n              29.310351371763023\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14532470703125,\n              31.027047769854388\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.91986083984375,\n              31.027047769854388\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.91986083984375,\n              29.310351371763023\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a5f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, Marshall E.","contributorId":55813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Marshall","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Land, Larry F.","contributorId":60612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Land","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":11635,"text":"ofr77734 - 1977 - Quantity and quality of drainage from the Argo Tunnel and other sources related to metal mining in Gilpin, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-19T17:28:34","indexId":"ofr77734","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-734","title":"Quantity and quality of drainage from the Argo Tunnel and other sources related to metal mining in Gilpin, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado","docAbstract":"Eighteen metal-mine drainage sources have been located in that part of Gilpin, Clear Creek, and Park Counties, Colo., lying within the Missouri River basin. At least 13 of these sources are known to contain high acidity and (or) trace-element concentrations or to contribute water to adversely affected streams. From January 1976 to March 1977, drainage from the Argo Tunnel in Idaho Springs--one of the major metal-mine drainage sources in the study area--exhibited variations in discharge from 0.35 to 0.55 cubic feet per second (0.010 to 0.016 cubic meters per second), a relatively constant temperature of 16 degrees Celsius, and variations in specific conductance from 2,680 to 3,410 micromhos per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (though a value of about 3,100 micromhos persisted throughout most of the period of record). High, but relatively constant, total concentrations (in micrograms per liter) of arsenic (100 to 180), cadmium (140 to 170), copper (5,000 to 6,000), iron (160,000 to 200,000), lead (less than 100 to 200), manganese (80,000 to 110,000), and zinc (40,000 to 49,000) were measured in the Argo Tunnel drainage from March 1976 to March 1977. Except for lead, the trace elements were mostly dissolved (82 percent or greater) and appear to represent baseline concentrations. Long-term degradation of water flowing from the Argo Tunnel is shown by increases of at least 2.5 to 8.0 times for dissolved solids, dissolved iron, calcium, magnesium, and sulfate since 1906. The acidity has changed from neutral in 1906 to a median pH value of 2.9 in 1976-77. Comparison of current Argo Tunnel data with those collected previously by other investigators indicates that spring chemical flushes containing higher than baseline trace-element concentrations occurred in 1973 and 1974, but not in 1975 or 1976, and probably not in 1972. The spring chemical flushes appear to be associated with increased infiltration from snowmelt in the catchment of the Argo Tunnel. Because of the wide ranges in mine-drainage quality and quantity expected for discharges from abandoned mines in the study area, each situation must be examined  individually, and the management alternative chosen for mine-drainage abatement must be tailored to solve the particular mining and hydrologic problems at a given site.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water and Related Land Resources Management Study","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr77734","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Omaha District, Omaha, Nebraska","usgsCitation":"Wentz, D.A., 1977, Quantity and quality of drainage from the Argo Tunnel and other sources related to metal mining in Gilpin, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-734, iv, 61 leaves :ill., maps; Volume V: Supporting Technical Reports Appendices; Appendix F: USGS Mine Drainage Study; 27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77734.","productDescription":"iv, 61 leaves :ill., maps; Volume V: Supporting Technical Reports Appendices; Appendix F: USGS Mine Drainage Study; 27 cm.","numberOfPages":"128","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_77_734.png"},{"id":254517,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0734/ofr77-0734.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Gilpin County;Clear Creek County;Park County","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64adf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wentz, Dennis A. dawentz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentz","given":"Dennis","email":"dawentz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":163482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":48314,"text":"ofr77172 - 1977 - Annual peak discharges from small drainage areas in Montana through September 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:21","indexId":"ofr77172","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-172","title":"Annual peak discharges from small drainage areas in Montana through September 1976","docAbstract":"Annual peak discharge from small drainage areas is tabulated for 336 sites in Montana. The 1976 additions included data collected at 206 sites. The program which investigates the magnitude and frequency of floods from small drainage areas in Montana, was begun July 1, 1955. Originally 45 crest-stage gaging stations were established. The purpose of the program is to collect sufficient peak-flow data, which through analysis could provide methods for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods at any point in Montana. The ultimate objective is to provide methods for estimating the 100-year flood with the reliability needed for road design. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr77172","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M.V., Omang, R.J., and Hull, J.A., 1977, Annual peak discharges from small drainage areas in Montana through September 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-172, 204 p. : maps ; 27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77172.","productDescription":"204 p. : maps ; 27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b9f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, M. V.","contributorId":95476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Omang, R. J.","contributorId":31365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Omang","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hull, J. A.","contributorId":39345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hull","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":237168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}