Marine slope failure involving methane-gas-hydrate-bearing sediments is one mechanism for releasing enormous quantities of methane to the ocean and atmosphere. The Storegga Slide, on the Norwegian margin, is the largest known Holocene-aged continental margin slope failure complex and is believed to have occurred in sediments that may have initially contained gas hydrate. Here, we report pore water sulfate gradient measurements that are used as a proxy for the relative amounts of methane that exist in continental margin sediments associated with the colossal Storegga Slide. These measurements suggest that a considerable inventory of methane occurs in sediments adjacent to, and unaffected by, the Storegga Slide events, but indicate that methane is notably absent from sediments on the sole of the slide and distal deposits created by the slide events. Either methane was lost during previous Pleistocene failure events or was never present in significant concentrations within the sediments that failed.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006GL028331","usgsCitation":"Paull, C.K., Ussler, W., and Holbrook, W., 2007, Assessing methane release from the colossal Storegga submarine landslide: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 34, no. 4, L04601; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028331.","productDescription":"L04601; 5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006gl028331","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346508,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -10,\n 60\n ],\n [\n 10,\n 60\n ],\n [\n 10,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -10,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -10,\n 60\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59df0f2ee4b05fe04ccd3def","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":86845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ussler, W. III","contributorId":101048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ussler","given":"W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holbrook, W.S.","contributorId":84916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"W.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207042,"text":"70207042 - 2007 - Postseismic relaxation associated with transient creep rheology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-14T12:04:22.221138","indexId":"70207042","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-04T11:29:08","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Postseismic relaxation associated with transient creep rheology","docAbstract":"[1] Perfettini and Avouac (2004) postulated that both the aftershock rate (assumed proportional to the local stressing rate) and the postseismic relaxation are driven by the loading imposed by postseismic slip on the brittle creep fault zone (BCFZ), the downdip extension of the fault zone below the coseismic rupture. I explore the consequences of that hypothesis for a long, strike-slip fault in the case where the BCFZ rheology is compatible with ordinary transient creep (creep strain proportional to loge(1 + t/τ2)). Because the important relaxation occurs near the bottom of the coseismic rupture, I calculate the postearthquake response with a model in which the BCFZ is represented by a viscoelastic half-space below the coseismic rupture. I find that both the predicted postseismic relaxation and the cumulative number of aftershocks can be approximated by the same temporal dependence NMO(t) = aMO(1−(1 + t/τ)1−p)/(p − 1), where t is the time after the earthquake and aMO, τ, and p are the constants chosen to fit either data set. Notice that dNMO(t)/dt = (aMO/τ)/(1 + t/τ)p is the modified Omori law used to describe the rate of aftershock occurrence. Thus, the modified Omori law can be understood as a consequence of the Perfettini–Avouac hypothesis (aftershocks driven by slip on the BCFZ) and a BCFZ rheology compatible with ordinary transient creep. Moreover, the temporal dependence NMO(t) has been shown to fit postseismic surface deformation following at least 9 earthquakes. I also show that the conventional, one-dimensional, spring-block model of a BFCZ with a rheology compatible with ordinary transient creep leads to the same temporal dependence (NMO(t)).
The study of agricultural chemicals is one of five national priority topics being addressed by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program in its second decade of studies, which began in 2001. Seven watersheds across the Nation were selected for the NAWQA agricultural-chemical topical study. The watersheds selected represent a range of agricultural settings - with varying crop types and agricultural practices related to tillage, irrigation, artificial drainage, and chemical use - as well as a range of landscapes with different geology, soils, topography, climate, and hydrology (Capel and others, 2004). Chemicals selected for study include nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and about 50 commonly used pesticides. This study design leads to an improved understanding of many factors that can affect the movement of water and chemicals in different agricultural settings. Information from these studies will help with decision making related to chemical use, conservation, and other farming practices that are used to reduce runoff of agricultural chemicals and sediment from fields (Capel and others, 2004). This Fact Sheet highlights the results of the NAWQA agricultural chemical study in the Leary Weber Ditch Watershed in Hancock County, Indiana. This watershed was selected to represent a tile-drained, corn and soybean, humid area typical in the Midwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20073084","usgsCitation":"Baker, N.T., Stone, W.W., Frey, J.W., and Wilson, J.T., 2007, Water and agricultural-chemical transport in a Midwestern, tile-drained watershed: Implications for conservation practices: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3084, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073084.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3084.jpg"},{"id":402126,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82824.htm"},{"id":10521,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3084/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Hancock","otherGeospatial":"Leary Weber Ditch Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":\"724\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Hancock\",\"state\":\"IN\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.5774,39.9459],[-85.5759,39.8738],[-85.5969,39.8735],[-85.5968,39.786],[-85.6333,39.7862],[-85.6338,39.6987],[-85.6876,39.6987],[-85.7993,39.6993],[-85.913,39.6976],[-85.9518,39.6969],[-85.9541,39.8696],[-85.9379,39.87],[-85.9369,39.9272],[-85.8625,39.9286],[-85.8624,39.9436],[-85.5774,39.9459]]]}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa2c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Nancy T. 0000-0002-7979-5744 ntbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-5744","contributorId":1955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Nancy","email":"ntbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Wesley W. 0000-0003-0239-2063 wwstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-2063","contributorId":1496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Wesley","email":"wwstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frey, Jeffrey W. 0000-0002-3453-5009 jwfrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-5009","contributorId":487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwfrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, John T. 0000-0001-6752-4069 jtwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6752-4069","contributorId":1954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"John","email":"jtwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168663,"text":"70168663 - 2007 - Historic distribution and challenges to bison recovery in the northern Chihuahuan Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T20:05:21","indexId":"70168663","displayToPublicDate":"2007-11-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historic distribution and challenges to bison recovery in the northern Chihuahuan Desert","docAbstract":"Ecologists and conservationists have long assumed that large grazers, including bison (Bison bison), did not occur in post-Pleistocene southwestern North America. This perception has been influential in framing the debate over conservation and land use in the northern Chihuahuan Desert. The lack of an evolutionary history of large grazers is being used to challenge the validity of ranching as a conservation strategy and to limit the protection and reintroduction of bison as a significant component of desert grassland ecosystems. Archeological records and historical accounts from Mexican archives from AD 700 to the 19th century document that the historic range of the bison included northern Mexico and adjoining areas in the United States. The Janos-Hidalgo bison herd, one of the few free-ranging bison herds in North America, has moved between Chihuahua, Mexico, and New Mexico, United States, since at least the 1920s. The persistence of this cross-border bison herd in Chihuahuan Desert grasslands and shrublands demonstrates that the species can persist in desert landscapes. Additional lines of evidence include the existence of grazing-adapted grasslands and the results of experimental studies that document declines in vegetation density and diversity following the removal of large grazers. The Janos-Hidalgo herd was formed with animals from various sources at the turn of the 19th century. Yet the future of the herd is compromised by differing perceptions of the ecological and evolutionary role of bison in the Desert Grasslands of North America. In Mexico they are considered native and are protected by federal law, whereas in New Mexico, they are considered non-native livestock and therefore lack conservation status or federal protection. Evidence written in Spanish of the presence of bison south of the accepted range and evidence from the disciplines of archaeology and history illustrate how differences in language and academic disciplines, in addition to international boundaries, have acted as barriers in shaping comprehensive approaches to conservation. Bison recovery in the region depends on binational cooperation.
\n\n
With many diverse uses, industrial sand and gravel, also known as silica sand, is one of the most important nonmetallic minerals in the world. Industrial sand and gravel is a mining industry term used for sands that have a very high percentage of silicon dioxide, or greater than 95 percent quartz. Deposits of industrial sand and gravel can be found virtually everywhere on Earth, but are less widespread than deposits of common construction sand and gravel. Industrial sand and gravel is distinctive in grain size, hardness, inertness and resistance to high temperature and chemical action. Beverage containers, fiberglass insulation, fiber-optic cables and light bulbs are just some of today’s many products produced from industrial sand and gravel.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Dolley, T., 2007, Mineral resource of the month: industrial sand and gravel: Geotimes, v. 2007, no. November, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055581","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.geotimes.org/nov07/article.html?id=nn_sandandgravel.html"}],"volume":"2007","issue":"November","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582443f8e4b09065cdf30567","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dolley, Thomas tdolley@usgs.gov","contributorId":970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolley","given":"Thomas","email":"tdolley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031339,"text":"70031339 - 2007 - Nitrogen isotopes as indicators of NOx source contributions to atmospheric nitrate deposition across the midwestern and northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-22T15:23:27.392584","indexId":"70031339","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen isotopes as indicators of NOx source contributions to atmospheric nitrate deposition across the midwestern and northeastern United States","docAbstract":"Global inputs of NOx are dominated by fossil fuel combustion from both stationary and vehicular sources and far exceed natural NOx sources. However, elucidating NOx sources to any given location remains a difficult challenge, despite the need for this information to develop sound regulatory and mitigation strategies. We present results from a regional-scale study of nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) in wet nitrate deposition across 33 sites in the midwestern and northeastern U.S. We demonstrate that spatial variations in δ15N are strongly correlated with NOx emissions from surrounding stationary sources and additionally that δ15N is more strongly correlated with surrounding stationary source NOx emissions than pH, SO42-, or NO3- concentrations. Although emission inventories indicate that vehicle emissions are the dominant NOx source in the eastern U.S., our results suggest that wet NO3- deposition at sites in this study is strongly associated with NOx emissions from stationary sources. This suggests that large areas of the landscape potentially receive atmospheric NOy deposition inputs in excess of what one would infer from existing monitoring data alone. Moreover, we determined that spatial patterns in δ15N values are a robust indicator of stationary NOx contributions to wet NO3- deposition and hence a valuable complement to existing tools for assessing relationships between NO3- deposition, regional emission inventories, and for evaluating progress toward NOx reduction goals.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es070898t","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Elliott, E.M., Kendall, C., Wankel, S.D., Burns, D.A., Boyer, E., Harlin, K., Bain, D.J., and Butler, T., 2007, Nitrogen isotopes as indicators of NOx source contributions to atmospheric nitrate deposition across the midwestern and northeastern United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 22, p. 7661-7667, https://doi.org/10.1021/es070898t.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"7661","endPage":"7667","ipdsId":"IP-050438","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":464431,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West 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\"}}]}","volume":"41","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66e3e4b0c8380cd7305a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Emily M.","contributorId":174386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wankel, Scott D.","contributorId":98076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wankel","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869 daburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":1237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"daburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyer, E.W.","contributorId":56358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harlin, K.","contributorId":107498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlin","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bain, Daniel J 0000-0003-1979-7016","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1979-7016","contributorId":197634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bain","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Butler, T.J.","contributorId":86973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70200422,"text":"70200422 - 2007 - Geologic controls on movement of produced-water releases at US geological survey research Site A, Skiatook lake, Osage county, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T09:00:27","indexId":"70200422","displayToPublicDate":"2007-10-01T08:59:41","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic controls on movement of produced-water releases at US geological survey research Site A, Skiatook lake, Osage county, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"Highly saline produced water was released from multiple sources during oil field operations from 1913 to 1973 at the USGS research Site A on Skiatook Lake in northeastern Oklahoma. Two pits, designed to hold produced water and oil, were major sources for release of these fluids at the site. Produced water spills from these and other features moved downslope following topography and downdip by percolating through permeable eolian sand and colluvium, underlying permeable sandstone, and, to a lesser extent, through shales and mudstones. Saline water penetrated progressively deeper units as it moved through the gently dipping bedrock to the north and NW. A large eroded salt scar north of the pits coincides with underlying fine-grained rocks that have retained substantial concentrations of salt, causing slow revegetation. Where not eroded, thick eolian sand or permeable sandstone bedrock is near the surface, and vegetation has been little affected or has reestablished itself after the introduced salt was flushed by precipitation. The extent of salt-contaminated bedrock extends well beyond existing surface salt scars. These results indicate that one of the legacies of surface salt spills can be a volume of subsurface salinization larger than the visible surface disturbance.
Freshwater mussels (family Unionidae, also referred to as freshwater pearly mussels, unionids, or naiades) are one of North America’s most endangered faunal groups. Near unanimity exists in characterizations of the imperilment of these ecologically, economically, and culturally important bivalve mollusks. Freshwater mussels are a renewable resource supporting a shell industry in the United States valued at $40–50 million annually [1]. In addition to being a food source for aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, this diverse fauna helps stabilize sediment [2] and provides critical nutrient and energy cycling in streams and lakes by filtering phytoplankton, bacteria, and particulate organic matter from the water column [3]. Thirty-five species of freshwater mussels are extinct [4], 70 species are listed as threatened or endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (www.fws.gov/endangered/wildlife.html), and nearly 180 species are identified as critically imperiled or vulnerable (www.natureserve.org/explorer). Declines in freshwater mussels are not unique to North America [5], but because the taxon reaches its greatest richness here, impacts are especially noteworthy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/07-011.1","usgsCitation":"Augspurger, T., Dwyer, F., Ingersoll, C., and Kane, C., 2007, Advances and opportunities in assessing contaminant sensitivity of freshwater mussel (unionidae) early life stages: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 10, p. 2025-2028, https://doi.org/10.1897/07-011.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"2025","endPage":"2028","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1897/07-011.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57496face4b07e28b665cc40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Augspurger, T","contributorId":116396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Augspurger","given":"T","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dwyer, F.J.","contributorId":107818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kane, C.M.","contributorId":20140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80157,"text":"ofr20071054 - 2007 - Assessment and management of dead-wood habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-31T11:44:07","indexId":"ofr20071054","displayToPublicDate":"2007-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1054","title":"Assessment and management of dead-wood habitat","docAbstract":"The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is in the process of revising its resource management plans for six districts in western and southern Oregon as the result of the settlement of a lawsuit brought by the American Forest Resource Council. A range of management alternatives is being considered and evaluated including at least one that will minimize reserves on O&C lands. In order to develop the bases for evaluating management alternatives, the agency needs to derive a reasonable range of objectives for key issues and resources. Dead-wood habitat for wildlife has been identified as a key resource for which decision-making tools and techniques need to be refined and clarified. Under the Northwest Forest Plan, reserves were to play an important role in providing habitat for species associated with dead wood (U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service and U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management, 1994). Thus, the BLM needs to: 1) address the question of how dead wood will be provided if reserves are not included as a management strategy in the revised Resource Management Plan, and 2) be able to evaluate the effects of alternative land management approaches.
Dead wood has become an increasingly important conservation issue in managed forests, as awareness of its function in providing wildlife habitat and in basic ecological processes has dramatically increased over the last several decades (Laudenslayer et al., 2002). A major concern of forest managers is providing dead wood habitat for terrestrial wildlife. Wildlife in Pacific Northwest forests have evolved with disturbances that create large amounts of dead wood; so, it is not surprising that many species are closely associated with standing (snags) or down, dead wood. In general, the occurrence or abundance of one-quarter to one-third of forest-dwelling vertebrate wildlife species, is strongly associated with availability of suitable dead-wood habitat (Bunnell et al., 1999; Rose et al., 2001). In Oregon and Washington, approximately 150 species of wildlife are reported to use dead wood in forests (O’Neil et al., 2001). Forty-seven sensitive and special-status species are associated with dead wood (Appendix A). These are key species for management consideration because concern over small or declining populations is often related to loss of suitable dead-wood habitat (Marshall et al., 1996). Primary excavators (woodpeckers) also are often the focus of dead-wood management, because they perform keystone functions in forest ecosystems by creating cavities for secondary cavity-nesters (Martin and Eadie, 1999; Aubry and Raley, 2002). A diverse guild of secondary cavity-users (including swallows, bluebirds, several species of ducks and owls, ash-throated flycatcher, flying squirrel, bats, and many other species) is unable to excavate dead wood, and therefore relies on cavities created by woodpeckers for nesting sites. Suitable nest cavities are essential for reproduction, and their availability limits population size (Newton, 1994). Thus, populations of secondary cavity-nesters are tightly linked to the habitat requirements of primary excavators.
Although managers often focus on decaying wood as habitat for wildlife, the integral role dead wood plays in ecological processes is an equally important consideration for management. Rose et al. (2001) provide a thorough review of the ecological functions of dead wood in Pacific Northwest forests, briefly summarized here. Decaying wood functions in: soil development and productivity, nutrient cycling, nitrogen fixation, and carbon storage. From ridge tops, to headwater streams, to estuaries and coastal marine ecosystems, decaying wood is fundamental to diverse terrestrial and aquatic food webs. Wildlife species that use dead wood for cover or feeding are linked to these ecosystem processes through a broad array of functional roles, including facilitation of decay and trophic interactions with other organisms (Marcot, 2002; Marcot, 2003). For example, by puncturing bark and fragmenting sapwood, woodpeckers create sites favorable for wood-decaying organisms (Farris et al., 2004), which in turn create habitat for other species and facilitate nutrient cycling. Small mammals that use down wood for cover function in the dispersal of plant seeds and fungal spores (Carey et al., 1999). Resident cavitynesting birds may regulate insect populations by preying on overwintering arthropods (Jackson, 1979; Kroll and Fleet, 1979). These examples illustrate how dead wood not only directly provides habitat for a large number of wildlife species, but also forms the foundation of functional webs that critically influence forest ecosystems (Marcot, 2002; Marcot, 2003). The important and far-reaching implications of management of decaying wood highlight the need for conservation of dead-wood resources in managed forests. Consideration of the key ecological functions of species associated with dead wood can help guide management of dead wood in a framework consistent with the paradigm of ecosystem management (Marcot and Vander Heyden, 2001; Marcot, 2002.)
As more information is revealed about the ecological and habitat values of decaying wood, concern has increased over a reduction in the current amounts of dead wood relative to historic levels (Ohmann and Waddell, 2002). Past management practices have tended to severely reduce amounts of dead wood throughout all stages of forest development (Hansen et al., 1991). The large amounts of legacy wood that characterize young post-disturbance forests are not realized in managed stands, because most of the wood volume is removed at harvest for economic and safety reasons. Mid-rotation thinning is used to “salvage” some mortality that might otherwise occur due to suppression, so fewer snags are recruited in mid-seral stages. Harvest rotations of 80 years or less truncate tree size in managed stands, and thus limit the production of large-diameter wood. As a consequence of these practices, dead wood has been reduced by as much as 90% after two rotations of managed Douglas-fir (Rose et al., 2001). Large legacy deadwood is becoming a scarce, critical habitat that will take decades to centuries to replace. Furthermore, management continues to have important direct and indirect effects on the amount and distribution of dead wood in forests. Current guidelines for managing dead wood may be inadequate to maintain habitat for all associated species because they largely focus on a single use of dead wood (nesting habitat) by a small suite of species (cavity-nesting birds), and may under represent the sizes and amounts of dead wood used by many wildlife species (Rose et al., 2001, Wilhere, 2003).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071054","collaboration":"A state of the science report to the Bureau of Land Management in support of the western Oregon plan revisions","usgsCitation":"Hagar, J., 2007, Assessment and management of dead-wood habitat: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1054, iii, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071054.","productDescription":"iii, 27 p.","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1054/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":10027,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1054/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9969,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1054/pdf/ofr20071054.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2007-1054"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6729d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagar, Joan 0000-0002-3044-6607 joan_hagar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-6607","contributorId":3369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagar","given":"Joan","email":"joan_hagar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171375,"text":"70171375 - 2007 - Estimation of gonad volume, fecundity, and reproductive stage of shovelnose sturgeon using sonography and endoscopy with application to the endangered pallid sturgeon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-27T16:21:15","indexId":"70171375","displayToPublicDate":"2007-07-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of gonad volume, fecundity, and reproductive stage of shovelnose sturgeon using sonography and endoscopy with application to the endangered pallid sturgeon","docAbstract":"Most species of sturgeon are declining in the Mississippi River Basin of North America including pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus F. and R.) and shovelnose sturgeons (S. platorynchus R.). Understanding the reproductive cycle of sturgeon in the Mississippi River Basin is important in evaluating the status and viability of sturgeon populations. We used non-invasive, non-lethal methods for examining internal reproductive organs of shovelnose and pallid sturgeon. We used an ultrasound to measure egg diameter, fecundity, and gonad volume; endoscope was used to visually examine the gonad. We found the ultrasound to accurately measure the gonad volume, but it underestimated egg diameter by 52%. After correcting for the measurement error, the ultrasound accurately measured the gonad volume but it was higher than the true gonad volume for stages I and II. The ultrasound underestimated the fecundity of shovelnose sturgeon by 5%. The ultrasound fecundity was lower than the true fecundity for stage III and during August. Using the endoscope, we viewed seven different egg color categories. Using a model selection procedure, the presence of four egg categories correctly predicted the reproductive stage ± one reproductive stage of shovelnose sturgeon 95% of the time. For pallid sturgeon, the ultrasound overestimated the density of eggs by 49% and the endoscope was able to view eggs in 50% of the pallid sturgeon. Individually, the ultrasound and endoscope can be used to assess certain reproductive characteristics in sturgeon. The use of both methods at the same time can be complementary depending on the parameter measured. These methods can be used to track gonad characteristics, including measuring Gonadosomatic Index in individuals and/or populations through time, which can be very useful when associating gonad characteristics with environmental spawning triggers or with repeated examinations of individual fish throughout the reproductive cycle.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00889.x","usgsCitation":"Bryan, J., Wildhaber, M., Papoulias, D., DeLonay, A., Tillitt, D.E., and Annis, M., 2007, Estimation of gonad volume, fecundity, and reproductive stage of shovelnose sturgeon using sonography and endoscopy with application to the endangered pallid sturgeon: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 23, no. 4, p. 411-419, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00889.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"419","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57496faee4b07e28b665cc5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bryan, J.L.","contributorId":15328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wildhaber, M. L. 0000-0002-6538-9083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":62961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Papoulias, D. M. 0000-0002-5106-2469","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5106-2469","contributorId":58759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papoulias","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeLonay, A. J. 0000-0002-3752-2799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":34246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"A. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Annis, M.L.","contributorId":53930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Annis","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70174769,"text":"70174769 - 2007 - Blue jays nest in an unusual structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-15T11:24:59","indexId":"70174769","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3578,"text":"The Passenger Pigeon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blue jays nest in an unusual structure","docAbstract":"We describe a successful Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata) nest in an unusual structure on the side of a building. The nest was located near the edge of the species' range along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. The nest was completely obvious, suggesting that the structure itself provided adequate cover and sercurity for the jays. Blue Jays appear to be declining in some areas of the United States such as the Southeast. Structures such as the one we describe may be more useful in attracting Blue Jays than the nesting platforms available commercially.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wisconsin Society for Ornithology","usgsCitation":"Muths, E.L., Lyons, C.P., and Sedgwick, J., 2007, Blue jays nest in an unusual structure: The Passenger Pigeon, v. 69, no. 1, p. 29-34.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/EcoNatRes.pp69n01"}],"volume":"69","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578a092de4b0c1aacab7d3ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, Curtis P.","contributorId":172917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyons","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sedgwick, James A.","contributorId":55350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedgwick","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70226738,"text":"70226738 - 2007 - Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in scavenging mammals in Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-08T15:14:13.801997","indexId":"70226738","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-01T08:46:30","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in scavenging mammals in Wisconsin","title":"Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in scavenging mammals in Wisconsin","docAbstract":"The presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in non-ruminant wildlife has raised questions regarding the role of these species in Johne's disease transmission. In this study we tested 472 tissues from 212 animals of six different species of scavenging mammals. All animals were taken from within a 210-square-mile area in Dane and Iowa counties of south central Wisconsin from September to May in 2003–04 and tested for the presence of MAP. We detected MAP-specific DNA in 81 of 212 (38%) scavenging mammals, in 98 of the 472 (21%) tissues; viable MAP was cultured from one coyote's ileum and lymph node tissue. Despite the low numbers of viable MAP isolated in this study, our data adds to the increasing evidence demonstrating the potential for transmission and infection of MAP in nonruminant species and provides possible evidence of interspecies transmission. The apparently high exposure of nonruminant wildlife provides potential evidence of a spill-over of MAP to wildlife species and raises the question of spillback to domestic and wild ruminants. These results demonstrate the importance of understanding the role of wildlife species in developing management strategies for Johne's disease in domestic livestock.
Antarctica, a vast region encompassing 13.2 million km2 (5.1 million mi2), is considered to be one of the most important scientific laboratories on Earth. During the past 60 years, the USGS, in collaboration and with logistical support from the National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs, has sent 325 USGS scientists to Antarctica to work on a wide range of projects: 169 personnel from the NMD (mostly aerial photography, surveying, and geodesy, primarily used for the modern mapping of Antarctica), 138 personnel from the GD (mostly geophysical and geological studies onshore and offshore), 15 personnel from the WRD (mostly hydrological/glaciological studies in the McMurdo Dry Valleys), 2 personnel from the BRD (microbiological studies in the McMurdo Dry Valleys), and 1 person from the Director's Office (P. Patrick Leahy, Acting Director, 2005–06 austral field season). Three GD scientists and three NMD scientists have carried out field work in Antarctica 9 or more times: John C. Behrendt (15), who started in 1956–57 and published two memoirs (Behrendt, 1998, 2005), Arthur B. Ford (10), who started in 1960–61, and Gary D. Clow (9), who started in 1985–86; Larry D. Hothem (12), who began as a winter-over geodesist at Mawson Station in 1968–69, and Jerry L. Mullins (12), who started in 1982–83 and followed in the legendary footsteps of his NMD predecessor, William R. MacDonald (9), who started in 1960–61 and supervised the acquisition of more than 1,000,000 square miles of aerial photography of Antarctica. This report provides a record as complete as possible, of USGS and non-USGS collaborating personnel in Antarctica from 1946–2006, the geographic locations of their work, and their scientific/engineering disciplines represented. Postal cachets for each year follow the table of personnel and scientific activities in the exploration of Antarctica during those 60 years.
\nTo commemorate special events and projects in Antarctica, it became an international practice to create postal cachets. A cachet is defined as a seal, emblem, or commemorative design printed or stamped on an envelope to mark a philatelic or special event. All stamp collectors are familiar with engraved cachets on envelopes of \"First-Day-of-Issue\" stamps. For Antarctica, a stamped (inked) impression informs the scientist, historian, stamp collector, and general public about the multidisciplinary science projects staffed by USGS scientists and other specialists during a specific austral summer field season. Because philatelic cachets were created by team members for each USGS field season, in most cases depicting the specific areas and scientific objectives, the cachets have become a convenient documentation of the people, projects, and geographic places for that year. Because the cachets are representative of USGS activities, each year's cachet is included in that year's Open-File Report (1960–61 to 2005–06). Starting with the 1983–84 season, however, two USGS cachets were prepared for the next seven years, one for the winter team at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, until 1992–93, and the other for all other field sites. Multiple cachets were created by USGS divisional programs during the 1962–63, 1963–64, 1970–71, 1972–73, 1975–76, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1986–87, 1995–96, 2003–04, and the 2005–06 years.
\nThis report includes facsimiles of each annual postal cachet (or postal cachets) designed by USGS graphic specialists and provides a record of USGS personnel (and non-USGS collaborating scientists) and their science division affiliation for each austral field season. In addition, cachets used by USGS personnel for U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47), U.S. Navy Operation Windmill (1947–48), U.S. Navy U.S.S. Atka reconnaissance cruise (1954–55), U.S. Navy Operation Deep Freeze (DF) (I, 1955–56; II, 1956–57; III, 1957–58; IV, 1958–59; and DF 60, 1959–60), and the International Geophysical Year (1957–58) are included, because USGS scientists made use of these cachets when involved in each of the field activities during these austral field seasons.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with United States Antarctic Program, National Science Foundation","usgsCitation":"Meunier, T.K., Williams, R.S., and Ferrigno, J.G., 2007, U.S. Geological Survey scientific activities in the exploration of Antarctica: 1946-2006 record of personnel in Antarctica and their postal cachets: U.S. Navy (1946-48, 1954-60), International Geophysical Year (1957-58), and USGS (1960-2006): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1116, ii, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061116.","productDescription":"ii, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"60","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061116.png"},{"id":293495,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1116/pdf/2006-1116.pdf"},{"id":9413,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1116/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-85.1 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-85.1 ], [ -180.0,-85.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db612f84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meunier, Tony K.","contributorId":52662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meunier","given":"Tony","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Richard S. Jr.","contributorId":19946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferrigno, Jane G. jferrign@usgs.gov","contributorId":39825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrigno","given":"Jane","email":"jferrign@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70209258,"text":"70209258 - 2007 - A comparison of near-bed acoustic backscatter and laser diffraction measurements of suspended sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-25T14:28:03","indexId":"70209258","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-25T14:22:16","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1941,"text":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of near-bed acoustic backscatter and laser diffraction measurements of suspended sediments","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR, Arlington, VA) mine burial program, an experiment was conducted off the pier at Santa Cruz, CA, to measure the near-bed suspended sediment reference concentration under waves and currents. Two tripods were deployed to carry out the measurements; one consisting mainly of acoustical instrumentation and the other solely of optical instruments. The tripods were located within 15 m of one another on a sandy bed and measurements of the suspended sediment were made using acoustics and optics. Although the experiment was not primarily designed to conduct an intercomparison of acoustical and optical measurements, it was considered interesting to take advantage of the situation and to examine if these two techniques gave comparable results. In particular, measurements of particle size and concentration, obtained using a triple frequency acoustic backscatter system (ABS) have been compared with the commercially available laser miniature scattering and transmissometry instrument (MSCAT). It was found that the mean grain size estimated by the two methods was consistent; however, in contrast, the concentration time series showed differences, both in magnitude and form.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2007.890978","usgsCitation":"Thorne, P., Agrawal, Y.C., and Cacchione, D., 2007, A comparison of near-bed acoustic backscatter and laser diffraction measurements of suspended sediments: IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, v. 32, no. 1, p. 225-235, https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2007.890978.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"235","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorne, P.D.","contributorId":221672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorne","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agrawal, Yogesh C.","contributorId":92588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agrawal","given":"Yogesh","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":785615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171376,"text":"70171376 - 2007 - Chemical contamination of the Rybinsk Reservoir, northwest Russia: Relationship between liver polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) content and health indicators in bream (Abramis brama)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-14T06:48:15","indexId":"70171376","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Chemical contamination of the Rybinsk Reservoir, northwest Russia: Relationship between liver polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) content and health indicators in bream (Abramis brama)","title":"Chemical contamination of the Rybinsk Reservoir, northwest Russia: Relationship between liver polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) content and health indicators in bream (Abramis brama)","docAbstract":"The Rybinsk Reservoir (Russia) is the largest artificial waterbody in Europe (4550 km2) and provides drinking water for population of the cities located along the coast line. Industrialization in Cherepovets at the northeastern portion of the reservoir, including one of the largest metallurgical facilities in Europe, has resulted in chemical contamination of the reservoir. The extent of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) contamination in bream liver, a common fish species, taken from six locations in the Rybinsk Reservoir and Volga River, and biochemical and morphometric biomarkers of fish health were investigated. Liver PCB concentrations ranged from non-detected to 3.4 μg/g wet wt of liver, with the greatest concentrations found in fish taken near the industrialized area in Sheksna Reach of Rybinsk Reservoir. The source of the bream contamination is the PCB pollution of bottom organisms and sediments conditioned with industrialization facilities of Cherepovets. The patterns of the PCB congeners in the livers of bream taken near Cherepovets were similar at all of the stations that were sampled around the reservoir and Volga River. Among the common fish health biomarkers used only liver total ChE activity and liver-somatic index in bream near Cherepovets can reflect environmental pollution. Other morphometric (FCF, Clark’s condition factors, and spleen-somatic index) and biochemical (protein content and acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain) biomarkers related with fish health varied among locations, but were not correlated to the concentrations of PCBs in the bream livers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.046","usgsCitation":"Chuiko, G.M., Tillitt, D.E., Zajicek, J.L., Flerov, B.A., Stepanova, V.M., Zhelnin, Y.Y., and Podgornaya, V.A., 2007, Chemical contamination of the Rybinsk Reservoir, northwest Russia: Relationship between liver polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) content and health indicators in bream (Abramis brama): Chemosphere, v. 67, no. 3, p. 527-536, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.046.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"536","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","otherGeospatial":"Rybinsk Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 37.3095703125,\n 57.844750992891\n ],\n [\n 39.04541015625,\n 57.844750992891\n ],\n [\n 39.04541015625,\n 59.153403092050375\n ],\n [\n 37.3095703125,\n 59.153403092050375\n ],\n [\n 37.3095703125,\n 57.844750992891\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57496fade4b07e28b665cc4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chuiko, Grigorii M.","contributorId":169700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chuiko","given":"Grigorii","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zajicek, James L. jzajicek@usgs.gov","contributorId":2775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zajicek","given":"James","email":"jzajicek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flerov, Boris A.","contributorId":169701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flerov","given":"Boris","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stepanova, Vera M.","contributorId":169702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stepanova","given":"Vera","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhelnin, Yuri Y.","contributorId":169703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhelnin","given":"Yuri","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Podgornaya, Vera A.","contributorId":169704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podgornaya","given":"Vera","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70207964,"text":"70207964 - 2007 - From buttes to bowls: Repeated relief inversion in the landscape of the Colorado Piedmont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-21T15:00:15","indexId":"70207964","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-21T14:39:13","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1724,"text":"GSA Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From buttes to bowls: Repeated relief inversion in the landscape of the Colorado Piedmont","docAbstract":"Mesas and buttes of the central Colorado Piedmont are composed of at least two distinct rock types, which differ in their cohesiveness and resistance to erosion. The lower parts of the exposed stratigraphic section are poorly cemented, Upper Cretaceous to Middle Eocene sandstones of the Dawson Formation. The caprocks are composed of one or more resistant formations of Late Eocene age: the Castle Rock Conglomerate, Wall Mountain Tuff, and the conglomerate of Larkspur Butte. These formations were originally deposited in topographic lows, but due to their resistance,they now cap prominent buttes and mesas of the Colorado Piedmont. Erosion of the caprock through progressive retreat of the butte scarp produces colluvium that has a higher resistance to erosion than the poorly cemented underlying sandstone.
Once the caprock of a butte has been removed by erosion, the underlying weakly cemented Dawson Formation is readily eroded. Ultimately, the armored lower slopes of the former butte remain as a circular ridge standing as much as 100 m above the surrounding topography. This process produces a topographic low surrounded by relict faceted slopes where the flat top of the butte once stood.
Prominent alluvial fans are associated with some of these annular features, and they record the main phases of butte removal and excavation of the central part of the armored slopes. Multiple generations of alluvial fans contain coarse- and fine-grained facies that represent changes in effective stream power and record alternating phases of aggradation and erosion. The degree of soil development in the fan alluvium and height of the fan surfaces above streams indicates the oldest preserved gravel fan deposit is of late-middle Pleistocene age. The youngest luminescence (optically stimulated luminescence) dated alluvial fans were deposited during the late Pleistocene about the time of the Pinedale glacial maximum in Colorado, ca. 21,000 yr B.P.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/2008.fld010(10)","usgsCitation":"Morgan, M., Matthews, V., Gutierrez, F., Thorson, J., Madole, R.F., and Hanson, P., 2007, From buttes to bowls: Repeated relief inversion in the landscape of the Colorado Piedmont: GSA Field Guides, v. 10, p. 203-215, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.fld010(10).","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"215","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Springs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.501708984375,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -104.8590087890625,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -104.8590087890625,\n 39.51675478434244\n ],\n [\n -105.501708984375,\n 39.51675478434244\n ],\n [\n -105.501708984375,\n 38.95940879245423\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morgan, M.L.","contributorId":59245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matthews, Vincent","contributorId":221697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matthews","given":"Vincent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gutierrez, F.","contributorId":79309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorson, J.P.","contributorId":106133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorson","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Madole, Richard F. 0000-0002-9081-570X madole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9081-570X","contributorId":1340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madole","given":"Richard","email":"madole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hanson, P.R.","contributorId":45434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70120718,"text":"70120718 - 2007 - Heavy-mineral provenance in an estuarine environment, Willapa Bay, Washington, USA: palaeogeographic implications and estuarine evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T15:51:12","indexId":"70120718","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1386,"text":"Developments in Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heavy-mineral provenance in an estuarine environment, Willapa Bay, Washington, USA: palaeogeographic implications and estuarine evolution","docAbstract":"Modern sediments from representative localities in Willapa Bay, Washington, comprise two principal heavy-mineral suites. One contains approximately equivalent amounts of hornblende, orthopyroxene, and clinopyroxene; this is derived from the Columbia River, which discharges into the Pacific Ocean a short distance south of the bay. The other suite, dominated by clinopyroxene, is restricted to sands of rivers flowing into the bay from the east. The heavy-mineral distributions within the bay suggest that sand discharged from the Columbia River, borne north by longshore transport and carried into the bay by tidal currents, accounts for nearly all of the sand within the interior of Willapa Bay today.
\nPleistocene deposits on the east side of the bay contain three heavy-mineral assemblages, two of which are identical to the modern assemblages described above. These assemblages reflect the relative influence of tidal and fluvial processes on the Late Pleistocene deposits (100,000–200,000 BP. Amino acid racemization in Quaternary shell deposits at Willapa Bay, Washington. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 43, 1505–1520). They are also consistent with those processes inferred on the basis of sedimentary structures and stratigraphic relations in about two-thirds of the samples examined. Anomalies can be explained by recycling of sand from older deposits. The persistence of the two heavy-mineral suites suggests that the pattern of estuarine sedimentation in Late Pleistocene deposits closely resembled that of the modern bay.
\nThe third heavy-mineral suite is enriched in epidote and occurs in a few older Pleistocene units. On the north side of the bay, the association of this suite with southwest-directed foresets in cross-bedded gravel indicates derivation from the northeast, perhaps from an area of glacial outwash. The presence of this suite in ancient estuarine sands exposed on the northeast side of the bay suggests that input from this northerly source may have intermittently dominated Willapa Bay deposition in the past.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Developments in Sedimentology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0070-4571(07)58023-4","usgsCitation":"Luepke Bynum, G., 2007, Heavy-mineral provenance in an estuarine environment, Willapa Bay, Washington, USA: palaeogeographic implications and estuarine evolution: Developments in Sedimentology, v. 58, p. 587-605, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0070-4571(07)58023-4.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"587","endPage":"605","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292336,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0070-4571(07)58023-4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Willapa Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.0,46.0 ], [ -124.0,47.0 ], [ -123.5,47.0 ], [ -123.5,46.0 ], [ -124.0,46.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"58","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ed3e4b0bfa1f993ef84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luepke Bynum, Gretchen","contributorId":52088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luepke Bynum","given":"Gretchen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199107,"text":"70199107 - 2007 - Uranium(VI) release from contaminated vadose zone sediments: Estimation of potential contributions from dissolution and desorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-30T11:24:30.447923","indexId":"70199107","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T10:57:40","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"14","title":"Uranium(VI) release from contaminated vadose zone sediments: Estimation of potential contributions from dissolution and desorption","docAbstract":"A key difficulty in developing accurate, science-based conceptual models for remediation of contaminated field sites is the proper accounting of multiple coupled geochemical and hydrologic processes. An example of such a difficulty is the separation of desorption and dissolution processes in releasing contaminants from sediments to groundwaters; very few studies are found in the literature that attempt to quantify contaminant release by these two processes. In this study, the results from several extraction techniques, isotopic exchange experiments, and published spectroscopic studies were combined to estimate the contributions of desorption and dissolution to U(VI) release from contaminated sediments collected from the vadose zone beneath former waste disposal ponds in the Hanford 300-Area (Washington State). Vertical profiles of sediments were collected at four locations from secondary pond surfaces down to, and slightly below, the water table. In three of the four profiles, uraniumconcentration gradients were observed in the sediments, with the highest U concentrations at the top of the profile. One of the vertical profiles contained sediments with U concentrations up to 4.2×10−7 mol g−1 (100 ppm). U(VI) release to artificial groundwater solutions (AGWs) and extracts from these high-U concentration sediments occurred primarily from dissolution of precipitated U(VI) minerals, including the mineral metatorbernite, [Cu(UO2PO4)2·8H2O]. At the bottom of this profile, beneath the water table, and in all three of the other profiles, U concentrations were <5.88×10−8 mol g−1 (14 ppm), and U(VI) release to AGWs occurred primarily due to desorption of U(VI). When reacted in batch experiments with AGWs with compositions representative of the range of chemical conditions in the underlying aquifer, all samples released U(VI) at concentrations greater than regulatory limits within few hours. A semi-mechanistic surface complexation model was developed to describe U(VI) adsorption on sediments collected from near the water table, as a function of pH, alkalinity, and Ca and U(VI) concentrations, using ranges in these variables relevant to groundwater conditions in the aquifer. Dilute (bi)carbonate solution extractions and uranium isotopic exchange methods were capable of estimating adsorbed U(VI) in samples where U(VI) release was predominantly due to U(VI) desorption; these techniques were not effective at estimating adsorbed U(VI) where U(VI) release was affected by dissolution of U(VI) minerals. The combination of extraction and isotopic exchange results, spectroscopic studies, and surface complexation modeling allow an adequate understanding for the development of a geochemical conceptual model for U(VI) release to the aquifer. The overall approach has generic value for evaluating the potential for release of metals and radionuclides from sediments that contain both precipitated and adsorbed contaminant speciation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Developments in earth and environmental sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1571-9197(07)07014-0","usgsCitation":"Bond, D.L., Davis, J., and Zachara, J.M., 2007, Uranium(VI) release from contaminated vadose zone sediments: Estimation of potential contributions from dissolution and desorption, chap. 14 of Developments in earth and environmental sciences, v. 7, p. 375-416, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1571-9197(07)07014-0.","productDescription":"42 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"416","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357046,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c09ce4b0702d0e845c2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bond, Deborah L.","contributorId":207537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bond","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, James A.","contributorId":69289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zachara, John M.","contributorId":7421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zachara","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70121037,"text":"70121037 - 2007 - Glacial landforms on German Bank, Scotian Shelf: evidence for Late Wisconsinan ice-sheet dynamics and implications for the formation of De Geer moraines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T13:01:19","indexId":"70121037","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T10:57:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1068,"text":"Boreas","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacial landforms on German Bank, Scotian Shelf: evidence for Late Wisconsinan ice-sheet dynamics and implications for the formation of De Geer moraines","docAbstract":"The extent and behaviour of the southeast margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in Atlantic Canada is of significance in the study of Late Wisconsinan ice sheet-ocean interactions. Multibeam sonar imagery of subglacial, ice-marginal and glaciomarine landforms on German Bank, Scotian Shelf, provides evidence of the pattern of glacial-dynamic events in the eastern Gulf of Maine. Northwest-southeast trending drumlins and megaflutes dominate northern German Bank. On southern German Bank, megaflutes of thin glacial deposits create a distinct northwest-southeast grain. Lobate regional moraines (>10km long) are concave to the northwest, up-ice direction and strike southwest-northeast, normal to the direction of ice flow. Ubiquitous, overlying De Geer moraines (<10 km long) also strike southwest-northeast. The mapped pattern of moraines implies that, shortly after the last maximum glaciation, the tidewater ice sheet began to retreat north from German Bank, forming De Geer moraines at the grounding line with at least one glacial re-advance during the general retreat. The results indicate that the Laurentide Ice Sheet extended onto the continental shelf.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1502-3885.2007.tb01189.x","usgsCitation":"Todd, B.J., Valentine, P.C., Longva, O., and Shaw, J., 2007, Glacial landforms on German Bank, Scotian Shelf: evidence for Late Wisconsinan ice-sheet dynamics and implications for the formation of De Geer moraines: Boreas, v. 36, no. 2, p. 148-169, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2007.tb01189.x.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"148","endPage":"169","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Nova Scotia","otherGeospatial":"German Bank, Scotian Shelf","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -70.0,42.0 ], [ -70.0,45.0 ], [ -63.0,45.0 ], [ -63.0,42.0 ], [ -70.0,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f464cae4b073ff773a7d0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, Brian J.","contributorId":33228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Longva, Oddvar","contributorId":38478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longva","given":"Oddvar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shaw, John","contributorId":27369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70120867,"text":"70120867 - 2007 - Continental margin sedimentation: From sediment transport to sequence stratigraphy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:23:32","indexId":"70120867","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T10:21:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"seriesNumber":"37","title":"Continental margin sedimentation: From sediment transport to sequence stratigraphy","docAbstract":"This volume on continental margin sedimentation brings together an expert editorial and contributor team to create a state-of-the-art resource. Taking a global perspective, the book spans a range of timescales and content, ranging from how oceans transport particles, to how thick rock sequences are formed on continental margins.
- Summarizes and integrates our understanding of sedimentary processes and strata associated with fluvial dispersal systems on continental shelves and slopes
- Explores timescales ranging from particle transport at one extreme, to deep burial at the other
- Insights are presented for margins in general, and with focus on a tectonically active margin (northern California) and a passive margin (New Jersey), enabling detailed examination of the intricate relationships between a wide suite of sedimentary processes and their preserved stratigraphy
- Includes observational studies which document the processes and strata found on particular margins, in addition to numerical models and laboratory experimentation, which provide a quantitative basis for extrapolation in time and space of insights about continental-margin sedimentation
- Provides a research resource for scientists studying modern and ancient margins, and an educational text for advanced students in sedimentology and stratigraphy
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Malden, MA","doi":"10.1002/9781444304398","isbn":"9781444304398","usgsCitation":"2007, Continental margin sedimentation: From sediment transport to sequence stratigraphy, x, 549 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444304398.","productDescription":"x, 549 p.","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fdce4b0333418718902","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Nittrouer, Charles A.","contributorId":51218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nittrouer","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13553,"text":"University of Washington-Seattle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":509948,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Austin, James A.","contributorId":59731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509949,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Field, Michael E. mfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":2101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Michael","email":"mfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509947,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kravitz, Joseph H.","contributorId":77062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kravitz","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509951,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Syvitski, James P. M.","contributorId":111647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Syvitski","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509952,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wiberg, Patricia L.","contributorId":72716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiberg","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509950,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029714,"text":"70029714 - 2007 - Correcting acoustic Doppler current profiler discharge measurement bias from moving-bed conditions without global positioning during the 2004 Glen Canyon Dam controlled flood on the Colorado River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70029714","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correcting acoustic Doppler current profiler discharge measurement bias from moving-bed conditions without global positioning during the 2004 Glen Canyon Dam controlled flood on the Colorado River","docAbstract":"Discharge measurements were made by acoustic Doppler current profiler at two locations on the Colorado River during the 2004 controlled flood from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona. Measurement hardware and software have constantly improved from the 1980s such that discharge measurements by acoustic profiling instruments are now routinely made over a wide range of hydrologic conditions. However, measurements made with instruments deployed from moving boats require reliable boat velocity data for accurate measurements of discharge. This is normally accomplished by using special acoustic bottom track pings that sense instrument motion over bottom. While this method is suitable for most conditions, high current flows that produce downstream bed sediment movement create a condition known as moving bed that will bias velocities and discharge to lower than actual values. When this situation exists, one solution is to determine boat velocity with satellite positioning information. Another solution is to use a lower frequency instrument. Discharge measurements made during the 2004 Glen Canyon controlled flood were subject to moving-bed conditions and frequent loss of bottom track. Due to site conditions and equipment availability, the measurements were conducted without benefit of external positioning information or lower frequency instruments. This paper documents and evaluates several techniques used to correct the resulting underestimated discharge measurements. One technique produces discharge values in good agreement with estimates from numerical model and measured hydrographs during the flood. ?? 2007, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15415856","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.W., and Ganju, N., 2007, Correcting acoustic Doppler current profiler discharge measurement bias from moving-bed conditions without global positioning during the 2004 Glen Canyon Dam controlled flood on the Colorado River: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v. 5, no. JUN, p. 156-162.","startPage":"156","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"JUN","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc1ee4b0c8380cd4e11d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganju, N. K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":64782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"N. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}