Bog iron deposits occur at a number of localities in the Pocomoke River basin. The most extensive deposits are situated along Nassawango Creek northwest of Snow Hill, a town on the Pocomoke River. After the discovery of these deposits an iron furnace was built in 1830 on the west side of Nassawango Creek, five miles northwest of Snow Hill, at a location known as the Furnace. The furnace exclusively smelted bog iron obtained along Nassawango Creek for a mile or so north of the furnace site; iron was produced from 1830 to 1850 at a rate of approximately 700 tons per year. Smelting technology of that period used mollusc shells for lime flux and locally burned charcoal for fuel; they were unable to remove phosphorous and the iron was rendered brittle when cold (\"cold short\") because of the high phosphorous content inherited from the ore. For that reason, and because of the limited size of the deposits and the discovery of the much larger and higher quality ore deposits in other parts of the country, production ceased about 1850. The bog iron deposits have been forming throughout the Holocene and are still forming today. Singewald (1911) stated, that their chief interest today lies in the fact that the deposits are now forming and at such a rate as to be observable. \"Deposits which were once exhausted are again workable after an interval of a few years\" (for more on rate of formation of bog ore at different locations see Starkey, 1962 and Moore, 1910). In general, bog ores consist primarily of iron oxyhydroxides, commonly goethite (FeO(OH)). The ores in the Nassawango, in addition to goethite and other ferric oxyhydroxides, contain a significant amount of magnetite.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03346","usgsCitation":"Bricker, O.P., Newell, W., and Simon, N.S., 2003, Bog iron formation in the Nassawango Watershed, Maryland (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-346, 1 Plate: 59.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03346.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 59.00 x 36.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5282,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-346/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":182029,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Nassawango Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.57715149616592,\n 37.99913856928973\n ],\n [\n -75.5918140077756,\n 38.035570165173255\n ],\n [\n -75.31548205821147,\n 38.19352651784118\n ],\n [\n -75.23089064507941,\n 38.38297650399315\n ],\n [\n -75.26698298134907,\n 38.41833284226723\n ],\n [\n -75.39668981481812,\n 38.41126295809377\n ],\n [\n -75.63241788607918,\n 38.164268275187084\n ],\n [\n -75.65723136726461,\n 38.06754394961129\n ],\n [\n -75.67527753539918,\n 38.010692011606864\n ],\n [\n -75.61662748896103,\n 37.99025006723171\n ],\n [\n -75.57715149616592,\n 37.99913856928973\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6073e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bricker, Owen P.","contributorId":25142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newell, Wayne L.","contributorId":48538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"Wayne L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simon, Nancy S. 0000-0003-2706-7611 nssimon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2706-7611","contributorId":838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"Nancy","email":"nssimon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53086,"text":"ofr03353 - 2003 - Geochemistry of bedrock and glacial deposits in the vicinity of the Bend massive sulfide deposit, north central Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T09:30:06","indexId":"ofr03353","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-353","title":"Geochemistry of bedrock and glacial deposits in the vicinity of the Bend massive sulfide deposit, north central Wisconsin","docAbstract":"In 1998 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) initiated a study to examine the natural regional environmental impact of sulfide mineralization exposed to episodic weathering and glaciation. The study focused on the Bend copper-gold massive sulfide deposit located in the Medford District of the Chequamegon National Forest in north central Wisconsin. The Bend massive sulfide deposit is a small, metal-rich sulfide body hosted by Paleoproterozoic metavolcanics. The mineralized horizon subcrops beneath 100-120 feet of glacial cover, and consists of massive pyrite and other sulfides. Bedrock and ore geochemistry are well characterized by analyses of diamond drill core provided to the USGS by Sharpe Energy and Resources.
\nIn July 1999, five rotasonic drillholes were completed through the unconsolidated Quaternary sediment, averaging about 100 feet thick, on a transect across the Bend deposit. Nearly continuous core was recovered from the surficial material along with several feet of the underlying bedrock. Samples representing the entire section were analyzed by the USGS to give a two-dimensional representation of element dispersal from the unmineralized bedrock. In addition, one hundred regional till samples were subsampled from the archives of the Quaternary Sediment Laboratory in the University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Geology and Geophysics. These regional samples were collected mainly from Taylor County, where the Bend deposit is located, as well as contiguous parts of Clark and Marathon Counties.
\nThis open file report presents all of the geochemical data collected for this study. Additional publications describing the data in more detail are being completed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03353","usgsCitation":"Woodruff, L.G., Attig, J.W., Cannon, W.F., Nicholson, S.W., and Schulz, K., 2003, Geochemistry of bedrock and glacial deposits in the vicinity of the Bend massive sulfide deposit, north central Wisconsin (Version 1.0, Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-353, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03353.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5284,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-353/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 45.359865333959746\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 45.81348649679971\n ],\n [\n -90.32958984375,\n 45.81348649679971\n ],\n [\n -90.32958984375,\n 45.359865333959746\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 45.359865333959746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0, Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab5bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodruff, Laurel G. 0000-0002-2514-9923 woodruff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-9923","contributorId":2224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Laurel","email":"woodruff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Attig, John W.","contributorId":16832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attig","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nicholson, Suzanne W. 0000-0002-9365-1894 swnich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9365-1894","contributorId":880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Suzanne","email":"swnich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schulz, Klaus","contributorId":41519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Klaus","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":53071,"text":"ofr2003274 - 2003 - Archive of boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruises 01SCC01 and 01SCC02, Timbalier Bay and offshore East Timbalier Island, Louisiana, June - August, 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-19T20:48:18.236971","indexId":"ofr2003274","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-274","title":"Archive of boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruises 01SCC01 and 01SCC02, Timbalier Bay and offshore East Timbalier Island, Louisiana, June - August, 2001","docAbstract":"In June, July, and August of 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the University of New Orleans (UNO), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources, conducted a shallow geophysical and sediment core survey of Timbalier Bay and the Gulf of Mexico offshore East Timbalier Island, Louisiana. This report serves as an archive of unprocessed digital seismic reflection data, trackline navigation files, trackline navigation maps, observers' logbooks, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) information, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata. In addition, a filtered and gained digital Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) image of each seismic profile is provided. Please see Kulp and others (2002), Flocks and others (2003), and Kulp and others (in prep.) for further information about the sediment cores collected and the geophysical results. For convenience, a list of acronyms and abbreviations frequently used in this report is also included.\r\n\r\nThis Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) document is readable on any computing platform that has standard DVD driver software installed. Documentation on this DVD was produced using Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) utilized by the World Wide Web (WWW) and allows the user to access the information using a web browser (i.e. Netscape, Internet Explorer). To access the information contained on this disc, open the file 'index.htm' located at the top level of the disc using a web browser. This report also contains WWW links to USGS collaborators and other agencies. These links are only accessible if access to the Internet is available while viewing this DVD.\r\n\r\nThe archived boomer seismic reflection data are in standard Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) SEG-Y format (Barry et al., 1975) and may be downloaded for processing with public domain software such as Seismic Unix (SU), currently located at http://www.cwp.mines.edu/cwpcodes/index.html. Examples of SU processing scripts are provided in the BOOM.tar file located in the SU subfolder of the SOFTWARE folder located at the top level of this disc. In-house (USGS) DOS and Microsoft Windows compatible software for viewing SEG-Y headers - DUMPSEGY.EXE (Zihlman, 1992) - is provided in the USGS subfolder of the SOFTWARE folder. Processed profile images, trackline navigation maps, logbooks, and formal metadata may be viewed with a web browser.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003274","usgsCitation":"Calderon, K., Dadisman, S.V., Flocks, J.G., Kindinger, J.L., and Wiese, D.S., 2003, Archive of boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruises 01SCC01 and 01SCC02, Timbalier Bay and offshore East Timbalier Island, Louisiana, June - August, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-274, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003274.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-06-30","temporalEnd":"2001-08-18","costCenters":[{"id":159,"text":"Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12037,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-274/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"East Timablier Island, Timbalier Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.5,28.916666666666668 ], [ -90.5,29.25 ], [ -90.16666666666667,29.25 ], [ -90.16666666666667,28.916666666666668 ], [ -90.5,28.916666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679df6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calderon, Karynna","contributorId":92739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calderon","given":"Karynna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":53064,"text":"ofr032 - 2003 - Texture, Carbonate Content, and Preliminary Maps of Surficial Sediments of the Flower Garden Banks Area, Northwestern Gulf of Mexico Outer Shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T18:28:58","indexId":"ofr032","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-2","title":"Texture, Carbonate Content, and Preliminary Maps of Surficial Sediments of the Flower Garden Banks Area, Northwestern Gulf of Mexico Outer Shelf","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to release texture and carbonate content analyses of 107 seafloor sediments collected within and near the East and West Flower Garden Banks areas of the Sanctuary and to show relationships between these data and existing bathymetric data. The sediment data, in conjunction with previously collected geological, geophysical and biological data were used to construct a reconnaissance-scale map of the distribution of seafloor sediment types. This map will be useful for resource managers and can be used, with additional data, as a basis for future habitat mapping.
","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr032","isbn":"0607937211","usgsCitation":"Scanlon, K.M., Ackerman, S.D., and Rozycki, J.E., 2003, Texture, Carbonate Content, and Preliminary Maps of Surficial Sediments of the Flower Garden Banks Area, Northwestern Gulf of Mexico Outer Shelf: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-2, 1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr032.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297450,"rank":101,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-002/"},{"id":5204,"rank":100,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-002/of03_002metafaq.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683712","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scanlon, Kathryn M.","contributorId":6816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Seth D. 0000-0003-0945-2794 sackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-2794","contributorId":178676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Seth","email":"sackerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rozycki, Jill E.","contributorId":78397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rozycki","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":51521,"text":"ofr2003306 - 2003 - A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19512,"text":"ofr95558 - 1995 - A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to mid-1995","indexId":"ofr95558","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to mid-1995"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":51521,"text":"ofr2003306 - 2003 - A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003","indexId":"ofr2003306","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-21T12:31:46","indexId":"ofr2003306","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-306","title":"A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003","docAbstract":"This bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology was begun, although not in a systematic or comprehensive way, when, in 1953, I was assigned the task of preparing a report on the geology and mineral resources of the drainage basins of the Trinity, Klamath, and Eel Rivers in northwestern California. During the following 40 or more years, I maintained an active interest in the Klamath Mountains region and continued to collect bibliographic references to the various reports and maps of Klamath geology that came to my attention. When I retired in 1989 and became a Geologist Emeritus with the Geological Survey, I had a large amount of bibliographic material in my files. Believing that a comprehensive bibliography of a region is a valuable research tool, I have expended substantial effort to make this bibliography of the Klamath Mountains as complete as is reasonably feasible. My aim was to include all published reports and maps that pertain primarily to the Klamath Mountains, as well as all pertinent doctoral and master's theses. In addition, I included reports in which the Klamath Mountains are of significance but not the primary focus; these latter kinds are mostly reports that correlate the Klamath terranes with those of other provinces, that compare the genesis of Klamath rocks with those elsewhere, or that include the Klamath Mountains in a continental framework. Reports describing the geology of the overlap sequences such as the Great Valley sequence, Hornbrook Formation, and Tertiary sediments and volcanics are included where those rocks lie within the limits of the Klamath Mountains province, but are only selectively included where the overlap sequences are mainly peripheral to the province. The alphabetical part of the bibliography consists of approximately 1700 entries. The list of primary references probably is virtually complete through 1994 and includes some 1995 references. The earliest reference is to James Dwight Dana in 1849. In order to restrict the size of the topical part of the bibliography to reasonable limits, each reference is listed under only one subject although many references may be applicable to two or more subjects. Titles in the topical section are abbreviated to conserve space and still retain identity. The bibliography was compiled from a variety of sources. Some of the references have not been checked against the original publications for accuracy. Caveat emptor! I would appreciate being informed of any errors or ommissions in order that a corrected and updated version of the bibliography may be prepared. I thank Nancy Blair for assistance in verifying some of the references, and thank Mary Donato and Robert Brown for helpful suggestions regarding the topical part of the bibliography. \r\n\r\nSince the first version of this bibliography was released in 1995, the total number of entries has increased from approximately 1700 to 1937, which indicates a continued high interest in the geology of the Klamath Mountains province. The total number of entries includes 73 Ph.D. theses and 123 Masters theses representing 26 universities. \r\n\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003306","usgsCitation":"Irwin, W.P., 2003, A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-306, iv, 123 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003306.","productDescription":"iv, 123 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":648,"text":"Western Earthquake Hazards","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9176,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-306/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.5,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -124.5,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -121.8,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -121.8,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -124.5,0.0011111111111111111 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4973e4b0b290850ef2e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, William P. (compiler)","contributorId":43412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"William","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50707,"text":"ofr02421 - 2003 - Archive of boomer seismic reflection data: Collected during USGS Cruise 97KEY01, upper and middle Florida Keys, 12 October - 1 November, 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-13T20:46:16.678995","indexId":"ofr02421","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-421","title":"Archive of boomer seismic reflection data: Collected during USGS Cruise 97KEY01, upper and middle Florida Keys, 12 October - 1 November, 1997","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02421","usgsCitation":"Peery, G.M., Lidz, B.H., and Wiese, D.S., 2003, Archive of boomer seismic reflection data: Collected during USGS Cruise 97KEY01, upper and middle Florida Keys, 12 October - 1 November, 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-421, HTML Document: 1 CD-ROM; 1 DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02421.","productDescription":"HTML Document: 1 CD-ROM; 1 DVD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403690,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_55001.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":4202,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-421/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.3917,\n 24.4\n ],\n [\n -80.2667,\n 24.4\n ],\n [\n -80.2667,\n 25.1667\n ],\n [\n -81.3917,\n 25.1667\n ],\n [\n -81.3917,\n 24.4\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679dcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peery, Gina M.","contributorId":36621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peery","given":"Gina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lidz, Barbara H. blidz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"Barbara","email":"blidz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":242121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":48851,"text":"ofr03172 - 2003 - User's Manual for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System (IDAS) Software: Version 3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:22","indexId":"ofr03172","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-172","title":"User's Manual for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System (IDAS) Software: Version 3","docAbstract":"The Invertebrate Data Analysis System (IDAS) software provides an accurate, consistent, and efficient mechanism for analyzing invertebrate data collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program and stored in the Biological Transactional Database (Bio-TDB). The IDAS software is a stand-alone program for personal computers that run Microsoft (MS) Windows?. It allows users to read data downloaded from Bio-TDB and stored either as MS Excel? or MS Access? files. The program consists of five modules. The Edit Data module allows the user to subset, combine, delete, and summarize community data. The Data Preparation module allows the user to select the type(s) of sample(s) to process, calculate densities, delete taxa based on laboratory processing notes, combine lifestages or keep them separate, select a lowest taxonomic level for analysis, delete rare taxa, and resolve taxonomic ambiguities. The Calculate Community Metrics module allows the user to calculate over 130 community metrics, including metrics based on organism tolerances and functional feeding groups. The Calculate Diversities and Similarities module allows the user to calculate nine diversity and eight similarity indices. The Data export module allows the user to export data to other software packages and produce tables of community data that can be imported into spreadsheet and word-processing programs. Though the IDAS program was developed to process invertebrate data downloaded from USGS databases, it will work with other data sets that are converted to the USGS (Bio-TDB) format. Consequently, the data manipulation, analysis, and export procedures provided by the IDAS program can be used by anyone involved in using benthic macroinvertebrates in applied or basic research.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03172","usgsCitation":"Cuffney, T.F., 2003, User's Manual for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System (IDAS) Software: Version 3 (Version 3): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-172, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03172.","productDescription":"114 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4071,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03172/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db603f9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":238429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53077,"text":"ofr03325 - 2003 - Petroleum source potential of the Lower Cretaceous mudstone succession of the NPRA and Colville Delta area, North Slope Alaska, based on sonic and resistivity logs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:37:25","indexId":"ofr03325","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-325","title":"Petroleum source potential of the Lower Cretaceous mudstone succession of the NPRA and Colville Delta area, North Slope Alaska, based on sonic and resistivity logs","docAbstract":"Resource assessment of the North Slope of Alaska by the U. S. Geological Survey includes evaluation of the petroleum source potential of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks using the delta log R technique (Passey and others, 1990). Porosity and resistivity logs are used in combination with thermal maturity data to produce a continuous profile of total organic carbon content in weight % (TOC). From the pattern and amount of TOC in the profile produced, the depositional setting and thus the petroleum source-rock potential (kerogen type) of the organic matter can be inferred and compared to interpretations from other data such as Rock-Eval pyrolysis. TOC profiles determined by this technique for the contiguous interval of pebble shale unit, Hue Shale (including the Gamma Ray Zone or GRZ), and lower part of the Torok Formation indicate important potential for petroleum generation in the Tunalik 1, Inigok 1, N. Inigok 1, Kuyanak 1, Texaco Colville Delta 1, Nechelik 1, and Bergschrund 1 wells of the western North Slope region. TOC profiles suggest that this interval contains both type II and III kerogens – consistent with proposed depositional models -- and is predominantly greater than 2 wt. % TOC (cut-off used for effective source potential). Average TOC for the total effective section of the pebble shale unit + Hue Shale ranges from 2.6 to 4.1 wt % TOC (values predominantly 2-8% TOC) over 192-352 ft. Source potential for the lower Torok Formation, which also has interbedded sandstone and lean mudstone, is good to negligible in these 7 wells.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03325","usgsCitation":"Keller, M.A., and Bird, K.J., 2003, Petroleum source potential of the Lower Cretaceous mudstone succession of the NPRA and Colville Delta area, North Slope Alaska, based on sonic and resistivity logs: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-325, Sheet 1: 96.00 x 48.00 inches; Sheet 2: 96.00 x 48.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03325.","productDescription":"Sheet 1: 96.00 x 48.00 inches; Sheet 2: 96.00 x 48.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03325.jpg"},{"id":5254,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0325/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285773,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0325/pdf/sheet1.pdf"},{"id":285774,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0325/pdf/sheet2.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -165.0,68.0 ], [ -165.0,72.0 ], [ -140.0,72.0 ], [ -140.0,68.0 ], [ -165.0,68.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687ce8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keller, Margaret A. mkeller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Margaret","email":"mkeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53087,"text":"ofr03360 - 2003 - Shaded relief aeromagnetic map of the Santa Clara Valley and vicinity, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:53:43.931696","indexId":"ofr03360","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-360","title":"Shaded relief aeromagnetic map of the Santa Clara Valley and vicinity, California","docAbstract":"This aeromagnetic map covers the southern portion of San Francisco Bay, the Santa Clara Valley and surrounding mountains, part of which has been modelled in threedimensions (Jachens and other, 2001). The magnetic anomaly map has been compiled from existing digital data. Data was obtained from six aeromagnetic surveys that were flown at different times, spacings and elevations. The International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) for the date of each survey had been removed in the initial processing. The resulting residual magnetic anomalies were analytically continued onto a common surface 305 m (1000 ft) above terrain. Portions of each survey were substantially above the specified flight height listed in the table. The surveys were then merged together using a commercial software package called Oasis Montage. The gray lines on the map indicate the extent of each survey. The program used these regions of overlap to determine the best fit between surveys. Black dots show probable edges of magnetic bodies defined by the maximum horizontal gradient determined using a computer program by Blakely (1995).\n\nCrystalline rocks generally contain sufficient magnetic minerals to cause variations in the Earth’s magnetic field that can be mapped by aeromagnetic surveys. Sedimentary rocks are generally weakly magnetized and consequently have a small effect on the magnetic field: thus a magnetic anomaly map can be used to “see through” the sedimentary rock cover and can convey information on lithologic contrasts and structural trends related to the underlying crystalline basement (see Nettleton,1971; Blakely, 1995). Faults often cut magnetic bodies and offset magnetic anomalies can thus be used to help determine fault motion. Serpentinite, which is highly magnetic, is often found along faults. On this map areas of low magnetic anomalies are shown in blues and green while highs are shown in reds and magentas. Faults are from Brabb and others, 1998a,1998b, Graymer and others 1996, Lienkaemper, 1992 and Wentworth and others 1998.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03360","usgsCitation":"Roberts, C.W., and Jachens, R.C., 2003, Shaded relief aeromagnetic map of the Santa Clara Valley and vicinity, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-360, 1 Plate: 36.00 inches x 48.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03360.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.00 inches x 48.00 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180790,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03360.jpg"},{"id":285817,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0360/pdf/of03-360.pdf"},{"id":285782,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0360/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.25,37.0000 ], [ -122.25,37.6333 ], [ -121.50,37.6333 ], [ -121.50,37.0000 ], [ -122.25,37.0000 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4a24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roberts, Carter W.","contributorId":45282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Carter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53085,"text":"ofr03349 - 2003 - Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection with GPR data and direct core measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:56","indexId":"ofr03349","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-349","title":"Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection with GPR data and direct core measurements","docAbstract":"Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is used to track a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) injection in a laboratory sand tank. Before data reduction, GPR data provide a qualitative measure of DNAPL saturation and movement. One-dimensional (1D) GPR modeling provides a quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volume within a given thickness during and after the injection. This is confirmed qualitatively by visual inspection of cores and two-dimensional GPR modeling. DNAPL saturation in sub-layers of that thickness could not be quantified because calibration of the 1D GPR model is non-unique when both permittivity and depth of multiple layers are unknown. Accurate quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volumes using 1D GPR modeling requires: 1) identification of a suitable target that produces a strong reflection and is not subject to any multidimensional interference; 2) knowledge of the exact depth of that target; and 3) use of two-way radar-wave travel times through the medium to the target to determine the permittivity of the intervening material, which eliminates reliance upon reflection amplitude. With geologic conditions that are suitable for GPR surveys (i.e., shallow depths and low electrical conductivities), the procedures in this laboratory study can be adapted to a field site to identify DNAPL source zones after a release has occurred.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03349","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., and Poeter, E.P., 2003, Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection with GPR data and direct core measurements (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-349, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03349.","productDescription":"39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5283,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-349/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dae4b07f02db5e02ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poeter, Eileen P.","contributorId":78805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poeter","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53081,"text":"ofr03330 - 2003 - North Alaska petroleum system analysis: The regional map compilation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T21:13:49.976535","indexId":"ofr03330","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-330","title":"North Alaska petroleum system analysis: The regional map compilation","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey initiated an effort to model north Alaskan petroleum systems. The geographic and geologic basis for modeling systems is provided by a set of regional digital maps that allow evaluation of the widest possible extent of each system. Accordingly, we laid out a rectangular map grid 1300 km (800 miles) east-west and 600 km (375 miles) north-south. The resulting map area extends from the Yukon Territory of Canada on the east to the Russian-U.S. Chukchi Sea on the west and from the Brooks Range on the south to the Canada basin-Chukchi borderland on the north. Within this map region, we combined disparate types of publicly available data to produce structure contour maps. Data types range from seismic-based mapping as in the National Petroleum Reserve to well penetrations in areas of little or no seismic data where extrapolation was required. With these types of data, we produced structure contour maps on three horizons: top of pre-Mississippian (basement), top of Triassic (Ellesmerian sequence), and top of Neocomian (Beaufortian sequence). These horizons, when combined with present-day topography and bathymetry, provide the bounding structural/stratigraphic surfaces of the north Alaskan petroleum province that mark major defining moments of the region's geologic history and allow regional portrayal of preserved sediment accumulations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03330","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., and Bird, K.J., 2003, North Alaska petroleum system analysis: The regional map compilation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-330, 1 Plate: 93.75 x 37.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03330.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 93.75 x 37.50 inches","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":182126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03330.jpg"},{"id":5257,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0330/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110447,"rank":700,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0330/pdf/of03-330.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"59087"},{"id":394064,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59087.htm"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -172,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 73\n ],\n [\n -172,\n 73\n ],\n [\n -172,\n 68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696dce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, Richard W. saltus@usgs.gov","contributorId":777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"Richard","email":"saltus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53076,"text":"ofr2003324 - 2003 - Alaskan North Slope petroleum systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T20:41:18.919069","indexId":"ofr2003324","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-324","title":"Alaskan North Slope petroleum systems","docAbstract":"Six North Slope petroleum systems are identified, described, and mapped using oil-to-oil and oil-to-source rock correlations, pods of active source rock, and overburden rock packages. To map these systems, we assumed that: a) petroleum source rocks contain 3.2 wt. % organic carbon (TOC); b) immature oil-prone source rocks have hydrogen indices (HI) >300 (mg HC/gm TOC); c) the top and bottom of the petroleum (oil plus gas) window occur at vitrinite reflectance values of 0.6 and 1.0% Ro, respectively; and d) most hydrocarbons are expelled within the petroleum window.
The six petroleum systems we have identified and mapped are: a) a southern system involving the Kuna-Lisburne source rock unit that was active during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous; b) two western systems involving source rock in the Kingak-Blankenship, and GRZ-lower Torok source rock units that were active during the Albian; and c) three eastern systems involving the Shublik-Otuk, Hue Shale and Canning source rock units that were active during the Cenozoic. The GRZ-lower Torok in the west is correlative with the Hue Shale to the east. Four overburden rock packages controlled the time of expulsion and gross geometry of migration paths: a) a southern package of Early Cretaceous and older rocks structurally-thickened by early Brooks Range thrusting; b) a western package of Early Cretaceous rocks that filled the western part of the foreland basin; c) an eastern package of Late Cretaceous and Paleogene rocks that filled the eastern part of the foreland basin; and d) an offshore deltaic package of Neogene rocks deposited by the Colville, Canning, and Mackenzie rivers.
This petroleum system poster is part of a series of Northern Alaska posters on modeling. The poster in this session by Saltus and Bird present gridded maps for the greater Northern Alaskan onshore and offshore that are used in the 3D modeling poster by Lampe and others. Posters on source rock units are by Keller and Bird as well as Peters and others. Sandstone and shale compaction properties used in sedimentary basin modeling are covered in a poster by Rowan and others. The results of this modeling exercise will be used in our next Northern Alaska oil and gas resource assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003324","usgsCitation":"Magoon, L.B., Lillis, P., Bird, K.J., Lampe, C., and Peters, K.E., 2003, Alaskan North Slope petroleum systems: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-324, 3 Sheets: 96.78 × 38.71 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003324.","productDescription":"3 Sheets: 96.78 × 38.71 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8873,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-324/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":407998,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59066.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -146,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -146,\n 71.4167\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 71.4167\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6880c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magoon, L. B.","contributorId":44531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lillis, P. G. 0000-0002-7508-1699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":17630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"P. G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bird, K. J.","contributorId":57824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lampe, C.","contributorId":104138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lampe","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peters, K. E.","contributorId":17295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":52665,"text":"ofr03212 - 2003 - LakeVOC; A Deterministic Model to Estimate Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations in Reservoirs and Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:26","indexId":"ofr03212","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-212","title":"LakeVOC; A Deterministic Model to Estimate Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations in Reservoirs and Lakes","docAbstract":"This report documents LakeVOC, a model to estimate volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations in lakes and reservoirs. LakeVOC represents the lake or reservoir as a two-layer system and estimates VOC concentrations in both the epilimnion and hypolimnion. The air-water flux of a VOC is characterized in LakeVOC in terms of the two-film model of air-water exchange. LakeVOC solves the system of coupled differential equations for the VOC concentration in the epilimnion, the VOC concentration in the hypolimnion, the total mass of the VOC in the lake, the volume of the epilimnion, and the volume of the hypolimnion.\r\n\r\nA series of nine simulations were conducted to verify LakeVOC representation of mixing, dilution, and gas exchange characteristics in a hypothetical lake, and two additional estimates of lake volume and MTBE concentrations were done in an actual reservoir under environmental conditions. These 11 simulations showed that LakeVOC correctly handled mixing, dilution, and gas exchange. The model also adequately estimated VOC concentrations within the epilimnion in an actual reservoir with daily input parameters. As the parameter-input time scale increased (from daily to weekly to monthly, for example), the differences between the measured-averaged concentrations and the model-estimated concentrations generally increased, especially for the hypolimnion. This may be because as the time scale is increased from daily to weekly to monthly, the averaging of model inputs may cause a loss of detail in the model estimates.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03212","usgsCitation":"Bender, D.A., Asher, W., and Zogorski, J.S., 2003, LakeVOC; A Deterministic Model to Estimate Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations in Reservoirs and Lakes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-212, 283 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03212.","productDescription":"283 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5163,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03-212/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b44d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bender, David A. 0000-0002-1269-0948 dabender@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-0948","contributorId":985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"David","email":"dabender@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":245746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asher, William E.","contributorId":44986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asher","given":"William E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zogorski, John S. jszogors@usgs.gov","contributorId":189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"John","email":"jszogors@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":245745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53108,"text":"ofr03250 - 2003 - Bed-sediment grain-size and morphologic data from Suisun, Grizzly, and Honker Bays, CA, 1998-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:55:54","indexId":"ofr03250","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-250","title":"Bed-sediment grain-size and morphologic data from Suisun, Grizzly, and Honker Bays, CA, 1998-2002","docAbstract":"The USGS Place Based Studies Program for San Francisco Bay investigates this sensitive estuarine system to aid in resource management. As part of the inter-disciplinary research program, the USGS collected side-scan sonar data and bed-sediment samples from north San Francisco Bay to characterize bed-sediment texture and investigate temporal trends in sedimentation. The study area is located in central California and consists of Suisun Bay, and Grizzly and Honker Bays, sub-embayments of Suisun Bay. During the study (1998-2002), the USGS collected three side-scan sonar data sets and approximately 300 sediment samples. The side-scan data revealed predominantly fine-grained material on the bayfloor. We also mapped five different bottom types from the data set, categorized as featureless, furrows, sand waves, machine-made, and miscellaneous. We performed detailed grain-size and statistical analyses on the sediment samples. Overall, we found that grain size ranged from clay to fine sand, with the coarsest material in the channels and finer material located in the shallow bays. Grain-size analyses revealed high spatial variability in size distributions in the channel areas. In contrast, the shallow regions exhibited low spatial variability and consistent sediment size over time.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03250","usgsCitation":"Hampton, M.A., Snyder, N., Chin, J., Allison, D.W., and Rubin, D.M., 2003, Bed-sediment grain-size and morphologic data from Suisun, Grizzly, and Honker Bays, CA, 1998-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-250, Report: 25 p.; Plate: 22.58 x 14.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03250.","productDescription":"Report: 25 p.; Plate: 22.58 x 14.82 inches","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03250.jpg"},{"id":285697,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0250/pdf/of03-250.pdf"},{"id":4669,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0250/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285698,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0250/pdf/plate1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Grizzly Bay, Honker Bay, San Francisco Bay, Suisun Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.153356,38.010233 ], [ -122.153356,38.167784 ], [ -121.879103,38.167784 ], [ -121.879103,38.010233 ], [ -122.153356,38.010233 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63dc05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hampton, Margaret A.","contributorId":13688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Noah P.","contributorId":43848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Noah P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chin, John L.","contributorId":98291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chin","given":"John L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allison, Dan W.","contributorId":26969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allison","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rubin, David M. 0000-0003-1169-1452 drubin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-1452","contributorId":3159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"David","email":"drubin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":53092,"text":"ofr03377 - 2003 - Empirical modified Mercalli intensity site corrections for towns in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-07T13:56:58","indexId":"ofr03377","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-377","title":"Empirical modified Mercalli intensity site corrections for towns in eastern North America","docAbstract":"Modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) assignments for earthquakes in eastern North America (ENA) were used by Bakun et al. (2003) and Bakun and Hopper (in press) to develop models for estimating the location and moment magnitude M of earthquakes in ENA from MMI observations. The MMI empirical site corrections developed and used by Bakun et al. (2003) and Bakun and Hopper (in press) are listed in this Open-file Report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03377","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., and Hopper, M.G., 2003, Empirical modified Mercalli intensity site corrections for towns in eastern North America: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-377, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03377.","productDescription":"33 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03377.jpg"},{"id":285837,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0377/"},{"id":285838,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0377/pdf/of03-377.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db603f41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, W. H.","contributorId":67055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopper, M. G.","contributorId":39389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53093,"text":"ofr03383 - 2003 - Bathymetric and geophysical surveys of Englebright Lake, Yuba-Nevada Counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-02T22:11:53.868565","indexId":"ofr03383","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-383","title":"Bathymetric and geophysical surveys of Englebright Lake, Yuba-Nevada Counties, California","docAbstract":"Harry L. Englebright Lake is a 9-mile-long (14-kilometer) reservoir located in the Sierra Nevada foothills of northern California on the Yuba River gorge known as The Narrows. The reservoir is impounded by Englebright Dam (Photo 1), a concrete arch structure spanning 348 meters (1,142 feet) across and 79 meters (260 feet) high. The dam was constructed in 1941 for the primary purpose of trapping sediment derived from anticipated hydraulic mining operations in the Yuba River watershed. Hydraulic mining in the Sierra Nevada was halted in 1884 but resumed on a limited basis until the 1930's under the regulation of the California Debris Commission. Although no hydraulic mining in the upper Yuba River watershed resumed after the construction of the dam, the historical mine sites continued to contribute sediment to the river. Today, Englebright Lake is used primarily for recreation and hydropower. In 2001 and 2002, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted bathymetric, geophysical, and geological studies of the reservoir under the auspices of the Upper Yuba River Studies Program (UYRSP), a multi-disciplinary investigation into the feasibility of introducing anadromous fish species to the Yuba River system upstream of Englebright Dam. A primary purpose of these studies was to assess the quantity and nature of the sediment that has accumulated behind the dam over the past 60 years. This report presents the results of those surveys, including a new bathymetric map of the reservoir and estimates of the total accumulated sediment volume.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03383","usgsCitation":"Childs, J.R., Snyder, N., and Hampton, M.A., 2003, Bathymetric and geophysical surveys of Englebright Lake, Yuba-Nevada Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-383, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03383.","productDescription":"20 p.","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180888,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03383.jpg"},{"id":285843,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0383/intro.html"},{"id":5289,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0383/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":413632,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59089.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285842,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0383/pdf/of03-383.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Nevada County, Yuba County","otherGeospatial":"Englebright Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.2778,\n 39.2375\n ],\n [\n -121.2778,\n 39.3278\n ],\n [\n -121.1958,\n 39.3278\n ],\n [\n -121.1958,\n 39.2375\n ],\n [\n -121.2778,\n 39.2375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640a9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Childs, Jonathan R. jchilds@usgs.gov","contributorId":3155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"Jonathan","email":"jchilds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Noah P.","contributorId":43848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Noah P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hampton, Margaret A.","contributorId":13688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53075,"text":"ofr03323 - 2003 - Overview of the Alaska North Slope posters presented at the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) annual meeting in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA during May 11-14, 2003: a status report of the U. S. Geological Survey Alaska petroleum studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:37:39","indexId":"ofr03323","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-323","title":"Overview of the Alaska North Slope posters presented at the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) annual meeting in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA during May 11-14, 2003: a status report of the U. S. 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Geological Survey Alaska petroleum studies: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-323, Poster: 84.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03323.","productDescription":"Poster: 84.00 x 36.00 inches","temporalStart":"2003-05-11","temporalEnd":"2003-05-14","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03323.jpg"},{"id":5253,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0323/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285769,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0323/pdf/of03-323.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a2d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bird, K. J.","contributorId":57824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53074,"text":"ofr2003319 - 2003 - Aeromagnetic surveys in Yukon Flats Alaska, a website for the distribution of data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T22:22:33.290523","indexId":"ofr2003319","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-319","title":"Aeromagnetic surveys in Yukon Flats Alaska, a website for the distribution of data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003319","usgsCitation":"Brown, P., 2003, Aeromagnetic surveys in Yukon Flats Alaska, a website for the distribution of data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-319, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003319.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":409623,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59092.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5252,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-319/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141,\n 67.5\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 67.5\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 67.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689c9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Philip J.","contributorId":70483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Philip J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53069,"text":"ofr03260 - 2003 - Geochemical characterization of slags, other mine waste, and their leachate from the Elizabeth and Ely Mines (Vermont), the Ducktown Mining District (Tennessee), and the Clayton Smelter Site (Idaho)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-16T20:56:13.720574","indexId":"ofr03260","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-260","title":"Geochemical characterization of slags, other mine waste, and their leachate from the Elizabeth and Ely Mines (Vermont), the Ducktown Mining District (Tennessee), and the Clayton Smelter Site (Idaho)","docAbstract":"Waste-rock material produced at historic metal mines contains elevated concentrations of potentially toxic trace elements. Two types of mine waste were examined in this study: sintered waste rock and slag. The samples were collected from the Elizabeth and Ely mines in the Vermont copper belt (Besshi-type massive sulfide deposits), from the Copper Basin mining district near Ducktown, Tennessee (Besshi-type massive sulfide deposits), and from the Clayton silver mine in the Bayhorse mining district, Idaho (polymetallic vein and replacement deposits). The data in this report are presented as a compilation with minimal interpretation or discussion. A detailed discussion and interpretation of the slag data are presented in a companion paper. Data collected from sintered waste rock and slag include: (1) bulk rock chemistry, (2) mineralogy, (3) and the distribution of trace elements among phases for the slag samples. In addition, the reactivity of the waste material under surficial conditions was assessed by examining secondary minerals formed on slag and by laboratory leaching tests using deionized water and a synthetic solution approximating precipitation in the eastern United States.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03260","usgsCitation":"Piatak, N., Seal, R., Hammarstrom, J.M., Meier, A.L., and Briggs, P.H., 2003, Geochemical characterization of slags, other mine waste, and their leachate from the Elizabeth and Ely Mines (Vermont), the Ducktown Mining District (Tennessee), and the Clayton Smelter Site (Idaho) (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-260, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03260.","productDescription":"53 p.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180901,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":389370,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59149.htm"},{"id":5249,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-260/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Tennessee, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Clayton smelter site, Ducktown mining district, Elizabeth and Ely Mines","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.3417,\n 43.9386\n ],\n [\n -72.3417,\n 43.8125\n ],\n [\n -72.2667,\n 43.8125\n ],\n [\n -72.2667,\n 43.9386\n ],\n [\n -72.3417,\n 43.9386\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.2384033203125,\n 35.1053045805633\n ],\n [\n -80.93318939208984,\n 35.1053045805633\n ],\n [\n -80.93318939208984,\n 35.2408523788917\n ],\n [\n -81.2384033203125,\n 35.2408523788917\n ],\n [\n -81.2384033203125,\n 35.1053045805633\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.58740234375,\n 44.19205137735955\n ],\n [\n -114.23583984374999,\n 44.19205137735955\n ],\n [\n -114.23583984374999,\n 44.38865427337759\n ],\n [\n -114.58740234375,\n 44.38865427337759\n ],\n [\n -114.58740234375,\n 44.19205137735955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatak, Nadine M.","contributorId":23621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"Nadine M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane M. 0000-0003-2742-3460 jhammars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460","contributorId":1226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","email":"jhammars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meier, Allen L.","contributorId":14384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":30973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":53091,"text":"ofr03374 - 2003 - Preliminary geochemical, microbiological, and epidemiological investigations into possible linkages between lignite aquifers, pathogenic microbes, and kidney disease in northwestern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:56","indexId":"ofr03374","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-374","title":"Preliminary geochemical, microbiological, and epidemiological investigations into possible linkages between lignite aquifers, pathogenic microbes, and kidney disease in northwestern Louisiana","docAbstract":"In May 2002, 15 wells and four surface water sites were sampled, and in September 2002, those same wells and sites plus four additional surface sites were sampled in five parishes of northwestern Louisiana. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to select residential water wells for sampling. Well water samples were analyzed for pH, conductivity, organic compounds, and nutrient and anion concentrations. All samples were further tested for presence of fungi (maintained for up to 28 days and colonies counted and identified microscopically), and metal and trace element concentration by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic emission spectrometry. Surface water samples were tested for dissolved oxygen and evidence of leptospiral bacterial presence. A polymerase chain reaction protocol was optimized for detection of pathogenic leptospires, and the sensitivity of the assay was determined. The Spearman correlation method was used to assess the association between the endpoints for these field/laboratory analyses and the incidence of cancer of the renal pelvis obtained from the Louisiana Tumor Registry. Significant associations were revealed between the cancer rate and the overall number of organic compounds, the fungi Zygomycetes, the nutrients PO4 and NH3, and thirteen chemical elements (As, B, Br, Cl, Cr, F, Li, Na, P, Rb, Se, Sr, W) from the well water as compared to the controls. Among the species of fungi from the total of 136 isolates were 12 Penicillium spp., at least two Aspergillus spp., a number of other genera (Alternaria sp., Eupenicillium lapidosum, Cladosporium sp., Epicoccum sp., Trichoderma sp., Paecilomyces sp., Chrysosporium sp., Chloridium sp.), and Zygomycetes, and Coelmycetes -- some of which are known mycotoxin producers. The two control wells yielded a mean of 6.5 (SD = 3.5355) individual isolates, while the mean number of isolates from all other sites was 7.6 (SD = 4.4866). Presence of human pathogenic leptospires was detected in 4/8 (50 percent) of the surface water sites sampled. These initial results suggest that additional investigation into these relationships is warranted.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03374","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, J.E., Bushon, R.N., Stoeckel, D.M., Gifford, A.M., Beck, M., Lerch, H.E., Shi, R., McGee, B., Hanson, B.C., Kolak, J., and Warwick, P.D., 2003, Preliminary geochemical, microbiological, and epidemiological investigations into possible linkages between lignite aquifers, pathogenic microbes, and kidney disease in northwestern Louisiana (Version 1.0, Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-374, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03374.","productDescription":"59 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":180886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5288,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-374/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0, Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c341","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, Joseph E. jbunnell@usgs.gov","contributorId":556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"Joseph","email":"jbunnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bushon, Rebecca N. rnbushon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bushon","given":"Rebecca","email":"rnbushon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoeckel, Donald M.","contributorId":78384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeckel","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gifford, Amie M.","contributorId":106083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gifford","given":"Amie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beck, Marisa","contributorId":61899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"Marisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lerch, Harry E. tlerch@usgs.gov","contributorId":600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"Harry","email":"tlerch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shi, Runhua","contributorId":43032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"Runhua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McGee, Benton","contributorId":16917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"Benton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hanson, Bradford C.","contributorId":55076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Bradford","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kolak, Jonathan","contributorId":29889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolak","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":53066,"text":"ofr03150 - 2003 - Geophysical surveys of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, September, 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-17T21:08:58.910948","indexId":"ofr03150","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-150","title":"Geophysical surveys of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, September, 2002","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with researchers from several universities, has been studying the sediments of Bear Lake since 1996. The general purpose of this effort is to reconstruct past limnological conditions and regional climate on a range of timescales, from hundreds of years to hundreds of thousands of years. The objectives of the September, 2002 operations, preliminarily reported here, were (1) to compile a detailed bathymetric map of the lake using swath-mapping techniques, in order to provide baseline data for a variety of applications and studies, and (2) to complete a sidescan-sonar survey of the lake, providing a nearly complete acoustic image of the lake floor. Limited amounts of subbottom acoustic-reflection data (chirp) were also collected, along with samples of lake-floor sediments representative of different kinds of backscatter patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03150","isbn":"0607941847","usgsCitation":"Denny, J.F., and Colman, S.M., 2003, Geophysical surveys of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, September, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-150, HTML Document; CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03150.","productDescription":"HTML Document; CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5247,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-150/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":391823,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59415.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bear Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.4167,\n 41.83375828633243\n ],\n [\n -111.24549865722656,\n 41.83375828633243\n ],\n [\n -111.24549865722656,\n 42.12521956084993\n ],\n [\n -111.4167,\n 42.12521956084993\n ],\n [\n -111.4167,\n 41.83375828633243\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8307","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denny, Jane F. 0000-0002-3472-618X jdenny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-618X","contributorId":418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Jane","email":"jdenny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colman, Steve M.","contributorId":49807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53088,"text":"ofr03363 - 2003 - Publications of the Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:58:33.054297","indexId":"ofr03363","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-363","title":"Publications of the Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2002","docAbstract":"The Western Earth Surface Processes Team (WESPT) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts geologic mapping and related topical earth science studies in the western United States. This work is focused on areas where modern geologic maps and associated earth-science data are needed to address key societal and environmental issues such as ground-water quality, landslides and other potential geologic hazards, and land-use decisions. Areas of primary emphasis in 2001 included southern California, the San Francisco Bay region, the Pacific Northwest, and the Las Vegas urban corridor. The team has its headquarters in Menlo Park, California, and maintains smaller field offices at several other locations in the western United States. The results of research conducted by the WESPT are released to the public as a variety of databases, maps, text reports, and abstracts, both through the internal publication system of the USGS and in diverse external publications such as scientific journals and books. This report lists publications of the WESPT released in 2002 as well as additional 1998 and 2001 publications that were not included in the previous list (USGS Open-File Report 00-215, USGS Open-File Report 01-198, and USGS Open-File Report 02-269). Most of the publications listed were authored or coauthored by WESPT staff. The list also includes some publications authored by non-USGS cooperators with the WESPT, as well as some authored by USGS staff outside the WESPT in cooperation with WESPT projects. Several of the publications listed are available on the World Wide Web; for these, URL addresses are provided. Many of these web publications are USGS open-file reports that contain large digital databases of geologic map and related information. Information on ordering USGS publications can be found on the World Wide Web or by calling 1-888-ASK-USGS. The U.S. Geological Survey’s web server for geologic information in the western United States is located at http://geology.wr.usgs.gov. More information is available about the WESPT is available on-line at the team website.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03363","usgsCitation":"Powell, C., and Graymer, R., 2003, Publications of the Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-363, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03363.","productDescription":"22 p.","numberOfPages":"23","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180791,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03363.jpg"},{"id":5285,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0363/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285787,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0363/pdf/of03-363.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655e50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Charles II","contributorId":96362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Charles","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graymer, R. W.","contributorId":21174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":51522,"text":"ofr03314 - 2003 - Preliminary analyses for perchlorate in selected natural materials and their derivative products","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:52:26.05805","indexId":"ofr03314","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-314","title":"Preliminary analyses for perchlorate in selected natural materials and their derivative products","docAbstract":"Increasing concern about sources of perchlorate contamination in ground and surface waters has led to interest in identifying potential sources of natural perchlorate and products derived from these natural sources. To date, most perchlorate found in ground and surface waters has been attributed to its major uses as an oxidizer in solid propellants for rockets, in fireworks and other explosives, and a variety of other uses of man-made perchlorate salts. However, perchlorate found in the soils, surface water, and ground water of some locations cannot be linked to an anthropogenic source. This paper contains preliminary data on the detection and non-detection of perchlorate in a variety of natural materials and their products, including some fertilizer materials. These data were previously presented at two conferences; once in poster session and once orally (Harvey and others, 1999; Orris and others, 2000). Although the results presented here are included in a journal article awaiting publication, the lack of public information on this topic has led to repeated requests for the data used as the basis for our presentations in 1999 and 2000.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03314","usgsCitation":"Orris, G., Harvey, G.J., Tsui, D.T., and Eldrige, J.E., 2003, Preliminary analyses for perchlorate in selected natural materials and their derivative products: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-314, Readme; Report: PDF, 6 p.; Report: TXT, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03314.","productDescription":"Readme; Report: PDF, 6 p.; Report: TXT","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03314.jpg"},{"id":285768,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0314/OF03-314.txt"},{"id":285767,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0314/pdf/OF03-314.pdf"},{"id":285766,"rank":4,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0314/readme.txt"},{"id":4525,"rank":5,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0314/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a213","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orris, G. J.","contributorId":80252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orris","given":"G. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, G. J.","contributorId":72984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tsui, D. T.","contributorId":7996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsui","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eldrige, J. E.","contributorId":46007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eldrige","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":51523,"text":"ofr03293 - 2003 - Preliminary geologic map of the San Bernardino 30' x 60' quadrangle, California (includes preliminary GIS database)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-23T19:57:05.444366","indexId":"ofr03293","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-293","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the San Bernardino 30' x 60' quadrangle, California (includes preliminary GIS database)","docAbstract":"The San Bernardino 30'x60' quadrangle, southern California, is diagonally\r\n bisected by the San Andreas Fault Zone, separating the San Gabriel and San\r\n Bernardino Mountains, major elements of California's east-oriented Transverse\r\n Ranges Province. Included in the southern part of the quadrangle is the northern\r\n part of the Peninsular Ranges Province and the northeastern part of the\r\n oil-producing Los Angeles basin. The northern part of the quadrangle includes\r\n the southern part of the Mojave Desert Province. Pre-Quaternary rocks within the\r\n San Bernardino quadrangle consist of three extensive, well-defined basement rock\r\n assemblages, the San Gabriel Mountains, San Bernardino Mountains, and the\r\n Peninsular Ranges assemblages, and a fourth assemblage restricted to a narrow\r\n block bounded by the active San Andreas Fault and the Mill Creek Fault. Each of\r\n these basement rock assemblages is characterized by a relatively unique suite of\r\n rocks that was amalgamated by the end of the Cretaceous and (or) early Cenozoic.\r\n Some Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic rocks are unique to specific assemblages,\r\n and some overlap adjacent assemblages. A few Miocene and Pliocene units cross\r\n the boundaries of adjacent assemblages, but are dominant in only one. Tectonic\r\n events directly and indirectly related to the San Andreas Fault system have\r\n partly dismembered the basement rocks during the Neogene, forming the modern-day\r\n physiographic provinces.\r\n \r\n Rocks of the four basement rock assemblages are divisible into an older suite of\r\n Late Cretaceous and older rocks and a younger suite of post-Late Cretaceous rocks.\r\n The age span of the older suite varies considerably from assemblage to assemblage,\r\n and the point in time that separates the two suites varies slightly. In the\r\n Peninsular Ranges, the older rocks were formed from the Paleozoic to the end of\r\n Late Cretaceous plutonism, and in the Transverse Ranges over a longer period of\r\n time extending from the Proterozoic to metamorphism at the end of the Cretaceous.\r\n Within the Peninsular Ranges a profound diachronous unconformity marks the\r\n pre-Late Cretaceous-post-Late Cretaceous subdivision, but within the Transverse\r\n Ranges the division appears to be slightly younger, perhaps coinciding with the\r\n end of the Cretaceous or extending into the early Cenozoic. Initial docking of\r\n Peninsular Ranges rocks with Transverse Ranges rocks appears to have occurred at\r\n the terminus of plutonism within the Peninsular Ranges. During the Paleogene\r\n there was apparently discontinuous but widespread deposition on the basement rocks\r\n and little tectonic disruption of the amalgamated older rocks. Dismemberment of\r\n these Paleogene and older rocks by strike-slip, thrust, and reverse faulting began\r\n in the Neogene and is ongoing. The Peninsular Ranges basement rock assemblage is\r\n made up of the Peninsular Ranges batholith and a variety of metasedimentary rocks.\r\n Most of the plutonic rocks of the batholith are granodiorite and tonalite in\r\n composition; primary foliation is common, mainly in the eastern part. Tertiary\r\n sedimentary rocks of the Los Angeles Basin crop out in the Puente and San Jose\r\n Hills along with the spatially associated Glendora Volcanics; both units span the\r\n boundary between the Peninsular Ranges and San Gabriel Mountains basement rock\r\n assemblages.\r\n \r\n The San Gabriel Mountains basement rock assemblage includes two discrete areas,\r\n the high standing San Gabriel Mountains and the relatively low San Bernardino\r\n basin east of the San Jacinto Fault. The basement rock assemblage is\r\n characterized by a unique suite of rocks that include anorthosite, Proterozoic\r\n and Paleozoic gneiss and schist, the Triassic","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03293","usgsCitation":"Morton, D.M., and Miller, F.K., 2003, Preliminary geologic map of the San Bernardino 30' x 60' quadrangle, California (includes preliminary GIS database): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-293, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03293.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110443,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_58935.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"58935"},{"id":4526,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-293/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Bernardino 30' x 60' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.0,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -117.0,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -117.0,\n 34\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47e3e4b07f02db4bb30c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Douglas M. scamp@usgs.gov","contributorId":4102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Douglas","email":"scamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":243830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Fred K.","contributorId":89503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53080,"text":"ofr2003329 - 2003 - Sandstone and shale compaction curves derived from sonic and gamma ray logs in offshore wells, North Slope, Alaska– Parameters for basin modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T19:25:39.950653","indexId":"ofr2003329","displayToPublicDate":"2003-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-329","title":"Sandstone and shale compaction curves derived from sonic and gamma ray logs in offshore wells, North Slope, Alaska– Parameters for basin modeling","docAbstract":"Representative compaction curves for the principle lithologies are essential input for reliable models of basin history. Compaction curves influence estimates of maximum burial and erosion. Different compaction curves may produce significantly different thermal histories. Default compaction curves provided by basin modeling packages may or may not be a good proxy for the compaction properties in a given area. Compaction curves in the published literature span a wide range, even within one lithology, e.g., sandstone (see Panel 3). An abundance of geophysical well data for the North Slope, from both government and private sources, provides us with an unusually good opportunity to develop compaction curves for the Cretaceous-Tertiary Brookian sandstones, siltstones, and shales. We examined the sonic and gamma ray logs from 19 offshore wells (see map), where significant erosion is least likely to have occurred. Our data are primarily from the Cretaceous-Tertiary Brookian sequence and are less complete for older sequences. \r\n\r\nFor each well, the fraction of shale (Vsh) at a given depth was estimated from the gamma ray log, and porosity was computed from sonic travel time. By compositing porosities for the near-pure sand (Vsh<1%) and shale (Vsh>99%)from many individual wells we obtained data over sufficient depth intervals to define sandstone and shale 'master' compaction curves. A siltstone curve was defined using the sonic-derived porosities for Vsh values of 50%. These compaction curves generally match most of the sonic porosities with an error of 5% or less. \r\n\r\nOnshore, the curves are used to estimate the depth of maximum burial at the end of Brookian sedimentation. The depth of sonic-derived porosity profiles is adjusted to give the best match with the 'master' compaction curves. The amount of the depth adjustment is the erosion estimate. Using our compaction curves, erosion estimates on the North Slope range from zero in much of the offshore, to as much as 1500 ft along the coast, and to more than 10,000 ft in the foothills (Panel 3). Compaction curves provide an alternative to vitrinite reflectance for estimating erosion. Vitrinite reflectance data are often very sparse in contrast to well log data and are subject to inconsistencies when measurements are made by different labs. The phenomenon of 'recycling' can also make the reflectance values of dispersed vitrinite problematic for quantifying erosion. Recycling is suspected in dispersed vitrinite in North Slope rocks, particularly in the younger, Cretaceous-Tertiary section. The compaction curves defined here are being integrated into our burial history and thermal models to determine the timing of source rock maturation. An example on Panel 3 shows the results of calculating the maturity of the Shublik Fm. at the Tulaga well using two different sets of shale and siltstone compaction curves. Finally, accurate compaction curves improve a model's ability to realistically simulate the pressure regime during burial, including overpressures.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003329","usgsCitation":"Rowan, E.L., Hayba, D.O., Nelson, P.H., Burns, W.M., and Houseknecht, D.W., 2003, Sandstone and shale compaction curves derived from sonic and gamma ray logs in offshore wells, North Slope, Alaska– Parameters for basin modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-329, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003329.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":182041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8872,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-329/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":392867,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59088.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -167,\n 68.8333\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 68.8333\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 71.4167\n ],\n [\n -167,\n 71.4167\n ],\n [\n -167,\n 68.8333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdcd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, Elisabeth L. 0000-0001-5753-6189 erowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-6189","contributorId":2075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Elisabeth","email":"erowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayba, Daniel O. 0000-0003-4092-1894 dhayba@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-1894","contributorId":396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayba","given":"Daniel","email":"dhayba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Philip H. pnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Philip","email":"pnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, W. Matthew","contributorId":56742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}