In this study, time-series stable isotope results (δ13C and δ15N) from three deep-water Leiopathes glaberrima(Esper, 1788) specimens Collected off the southeastern Coast of the United States of America and one specimen from the Gulf of Mexico are presented. The specimens were Collected live in 2004 and are estimated to be 200–500 yrs old based on 210Pb measurements and band Counts. The δ13C and δ15N long-term trends are reproducible within and among specimens from a similar location, suggesting a common environmental influence. Three western Atlantic specimens have average δ13C values of −15.7‰, −16.3‰, and −16.1‰, with the most depleted values from the oldest specimen. The oldest specimen records an enrichment in 13C of 0.5‰ corresponding to the Little Ice Age. All three specimens show a depletion of 13C over the past 150 yrs Corresponding to the δ13C Suess Effect. The fourth specimen from the Gulf of Mexico has an average δ13C value of −16.4‰ and shows no trend in13C value with time. All four specimens Contain an enrichment in 15N over the most recent 75 yrs, with the largest enrichment (3‰) in the Gulf of Mexico specimen. This enrichment is likely a result of increased terrestrial effluent (sewage and manure) reaching the offshore specimens.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Miami - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Williams, B., Risk, M.J., Ross, S.W., and Sulak, K., 2007, Stable isotope data from deep-water antipatharians: 400-Year records from the southeastern coast of the United States of America: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 81, no. 3, p. 437-447.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"437","endPage":"447","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312109,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/umrsmas/bullmar/2007/00000081/00000003/art00011"}],"volume":"81","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9674e4b08c986b31b4fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, B.","contributorId":80786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Risk, Michael J.","contributorId":9841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risk","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":72543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sulak, K. J. 0000-0002-4795-9310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":76690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030895,"text":"70030895 - 2007 - Oxygen isotopes in nitrite: Analysis, calibration, and equilibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T09:37:20","indexId":"70030895","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen isotopes in nitrite: Analysis, calibration, and equilibration","docAbstract":"Nitrite is a central intermediate in the nitrogen cycle and can persist in significant concentrations in ocean waters, sediment pore waters, and terrestrial groundwaters. To fully interpret the effect of microbial processes on nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-), and nitrous oxide (N2O) cycling in these systems, the nitrite pool must be accessible to isotopic analysis. Furthermore, because nitrite interferes with most methods of nitrate isotopic analysis, accurate isotopic analysis of nitrite is essential for correct measurement of nitrate isotopes in a sample that contains nitrite. In this study, nitrite salts with varying oxygen isotopic compositions were prepared and calibrated and then used to test the denitrifier method for nitrite oxygen isotopic analysis. The oxygen isotopic fractionation during nitrite reduction to N2O by Pseudomonas aureofaciens was lower than for nitrate conversion to N2O, while oxygen isotopic exchange between nitrite and water during the reaction was similar. These results enable the extension of the denitrifier method to oxygen isotopic analysis of nitrite (in the absence of nitrate) and correction of nitrate isotopes for the presence of nitrite in “mixed” samples. We tested storage conditions for seawater and freshwater samples that contain nitrite and provide recommendations for accurate oxygen isotopic analysis of nitrite by any method. Finally, we report preliminary results on the equilibrium isotope effect between nitrite and water, which can play an important role in determining the oxygen isotopic value of nitrite where equilibration with water is significant.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/ac061598h","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Casciotti, K., Bohlke, J.K., McIlvin, M., Mroczkowski, S.J., and Hannon, J.E., 2007, Oxygen isotopes in nitrite: Analysis, calibration, and equilibration: Analytical Chemistry, v. 79, no. 6, p. 2427-2436, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac061598h.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2427","endPage":"2436","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211359,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac061598h"}],"volume":"79","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a72b2e4b0c8380cd76c47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casciotti, K.L.","contributorId":57653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casciotti","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":127841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIlvin, M.R.","contributorId":75754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIlvin","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mroczkowski, Stanley J. 0000-0001-8026-6025 smroczko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-6025","contributorId":2628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mroczkowski","given":"Stanley","email":"smroczko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hannon, Janet E. jehannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":3177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hannon","given":"Janet","email":"jehannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":429120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031282,"text":"70031282 - 2007 - Supplemental water releases for fisheries restoration in a Brazilian floodplain River: A conceptual model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70031282","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supplemental water releases for fisheries restoration in a Brazilian floodplain River: A conceptual model","docAbstract":"Highly productive floodplain rivers in Brazil and elsewhere provide livelihood and recreational fishing for millions of people around the world, but damming and controlled water discharge are a threat to these valuable ecosystems. Supplemental water releases (SWRs) at a dam are increasingly used for restoring fisheries productivity in many floodplain rivers. We proposed a conceptual model for a hypothetical water release to enhance fisheries using Tre??s Marias Reservoir (TMR) on the Sa??o Francisco River (SFR), Brazil. The information needed by the model follows: (i) Biologically, what is the best release date? (ii) How much water will be released? (iii) What is the pattern of impoundment and how much impounded water will be released? (iv) What is the lost revenue to the power plant associated with SWR? (v) What is the relationship between river discharge and the area of floodplain that is flooded? (vi) What is the relationship between SWR and fisheries value? Ichthyoplankton studies in the SFR showed a clear positive relationship between fish density and water level (WL). While the relationship between WL and floodplain area flooded and recruitment is not known, we concluded the best date for release is when there is a natural flood, which naturally triggers fish spawning and the SWR will add to the natural flood and cover a greater floodplain area. The released volume will range from 0.302km3 to 2.192 km3, depending on SWR duration. In most years from 1976 to 2003, TMR impounded enough water for SWR only in the second half of the fish-spawning season (January-March). Lost revenue at TMR depended on release volume and ranged from US$ 0.493 million to US$ 3.452 million for the actual power rate. However, SWR could increase commercial fisheries income an estimated US$ 4.468 million. We forecast that SWR can bring fisheries benefits that surpass the lost revenue.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.1018","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Godinho, A.L., Kynard, B., and Martinez, C., 2007, Supplemental water releases for fisheries restoration in a Brazilian floodplain River: A conceptual model: River Research and Applications, v. 23, no. 9, p. 947-962, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1018.","startPage":"947","endPage":"962","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212556,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1018"},{"id":240057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f6fe4b08c986b31e598","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godinho, Alexandre L.","contributorId":75324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godinho","given":"Alexandre","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kynard, B.","contributorId":51232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kynard","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martinez, C.B.","contributorId":28433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031281,"text":"70031281 - 2007 - Steeply dipping heaving bedrock, Colorado: Part 2 - Mineralogical and engineering properties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70031281","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Steeply dipping heaving bedrock, Colorado: Part 2 - Mineralogical and engineering properties","docAbstract":"This paper describes the mineralogical and engineering properties of steeply dipping, differentially heaving bedrock, which has caused severe damage near the Denver area. Several field sites in heave-prone areas have been characterized using high sample densities, numerous testing methodologies, and thousands of sample tests. Hydrometer testing shows that the strata range from siltstone to claystone (33 to 66 percent clay) with occasional bentonite seams (53 to 98 percent clay mixed with calcite). From X-ray diffraction analyses, the claystone contains varying proportions of illite-smectite and discrete (pure) smectite, and the bentonite contains discrete smectite. Accessory minerals include pyrite, gypsum, calcite, and oxidized iron compounds. The dominant exchangeable cation is Ca2+, except where gypsum is prevalent, and Mg2+ and Na1+ are elevated. Scanning electron microscope analyses show that the clay fabric is deformed and porous and that pyrite is absent within the weathered zone. Unified Soil Classification for the claystone varies from CL to CH, and the bentonite is CH to MH. Average moisture content values are 17 percent for claystone and 32 percent for bentonite, and these are typically 0 to 5 percent lower than the plastic limit. Swell-consolidation and suction testing shows a full range of swelling potentials from low to very high. These findings confirm that type I (bed-parallel, symmetrical to asymmetrical) heave features are strongly associated with changes in bedrock composition and mineralogy. Composition changes are not necessarily a factor for type II (bed-parallel to bed-oblique, strongly asymmetrical) heave features, which are associated with movements along subsurface shear zones.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental and Engineering Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.13.4.309","issn":"10787275","usgsCitation":"Noe, D., Higgins, J., and Olsen, H.W., 2007, Steeply dipping heaving bedrock, Colorado: Part 2 - Mineralogical and engineering properties: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 13, no. 4, p. 309-324, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.13.4.309.","startPage":"309","endPage":"324","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212555,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.13.4.309"},{"id":240056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9827e4b08c986b31be70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noe, D.C.","contributorId":95215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higgins, J.D.","contributorId":37154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, H. W.","contributorId":10060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031280,"text":"70031280 - 2007 - Using SHRIMP zircon dating to unravel tectonothermal events in arc environments. The early Palaeozoic arc of NW Iberia revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-06T12:25:24.254863","indexId":"70031280","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3531,"text":"Terra Nova","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using SHRIMP zircon dating to unravel tectonothermal events in arc environments. The early Palaeozoic arc of NW Iberia revisited","docAbstract":"Dating of zircon cores and rims from granulites developed in a shear zone provides insights into the complex relationship between magmatism and metamorphism in the deep roots of arc environments. The granulites belong to the uppermost allochthonous terrane of the NW Iberian Massif, which forms part of a Cambro-Ordovician magmatic arc developed in the peri-Gondwanan realm. The obtained zircon ages confirm that voluminous calc-alkaline magmatism peaked around 500Ma and was shortly followed by granulite facies metamorphism accompanied by deformation at c. 480Ma, giving a time framework for crustal heating, regional metamorphism, deformation and partial melting, the main processes that control the tectonothermal evolution of arc systems. Traces of this arc can be discontinuously followed in different massifs throughout the European Variscan Belt, and we propose that the uppermost allochthonous units of the NW Iberian Massif, together with the related terranes in Europe, constitute an independent and coherent terrane that drifted away from northern Gondwana prior to the Variscan collisional orogenesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3121.2007.00768.x","issn":"09544879","usgsCitation":"Abati, J., Castineiras, P., Arenas, R., Fernandez-Suarez, J., Barreiro, J., and Wooden, J.L., 2007, Using SHRIMP zircon dating to unravel tectonothermal events in arc environments. The early Palaeozoic arc of NW Iberia revisited: Terra Nova, v. 19, no. 6, p. 432-439, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.2007.00768.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"432","endPage":"439","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477057,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/14018/1/Abati_et_al_07_.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240019,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc01ce4b08c986b329f2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abati, J.","contributorId":27678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abati","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castineiras, P.G.","contributorId":23336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castineiras","given":"P.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arenas, R.","contributorId":102690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arenas","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fernandez-Suarez, J.","contributorId":64455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernandez-Suarez","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barreiro, J.G.","contributorId":74580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barreiro","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031279,"text":"70031279 - 2007 - Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031279","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1358,"text":"Current Research in Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas","docAbstract":"Interpreting the evolution of Kansas' landscape east of the Flint Hills provides major challenges. In the Neogene (late Tertiary) and perhaps part of the Pleistocene, streams transported a variety of sedimentary materials, including chert gravels derived from the Flint Hills. Gentle intermittent uplift stimulated the system system to cut down, locally removing and reworking the gravels to create stream-terrace deposits that consist mostly of chert pebbles, which now lie well above the floodplains of modern streams. By correlating the elevations of these gravels, the gradients of the trunk streams that deposited them can be reconstructed. Interestingly, these ancient streams flowed southeast at a little more than a foot per mile (0.2 m/km), roughly the same as the gradient of the trunk streams in the region today. The evolving landscape in eastern Kansas also has been strongly influenced by an extensive network of fractures that is widespread in the midcontinent region and may be worldwide in extent. In northeastern Kansas, glaciation during the Pleistocene disrupted the southeasterly drainage and established the present location of the Kansas River. South of the Kansas River and its immediate tributaries, however, the general southeasterly drainage has been preserved. We have made use of the wealth of topographic-elevation data now available in digital form known as DEMs or digital elevation models. Coupled with GIS procedures, the DEMs helped link the mapped distribution of chert gravels with hypothetical fitted surfaces that represent ancient stream gradients. Furthermore, DEM data placed in shaded-relief map form emphasize the influence of fractures in evolution of the drainage system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Current Research in Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Harbaugh, J., Merriam, D.F., and Howard, H., 2007, Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas: Current Research in Earth Sciences, v. 253, no. 2.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"253","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a24fe4b0e8fec6cdb56b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harbaugh, J.W.","contributorId":43912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merriam, D. F.","contributorId":63175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriam","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, H.H.","contributorId":74256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031278,"text":"70031278 - 2007 - Forest legacies, climate change, altered disturbance regimes, invasive species and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-25T10:39:28","indexId":"70031278","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3666,"text":"Unasylva","printIssn":"0041-6436","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest legacies, climate change, altered disturbance regimes, invasive species and water","docAbstract":"The factors that must be considered in seeking to predict changes in water availability has been examined. These factors are the following: forest legacies including logging, mining, agriculture, grazing, elimination of large carnivores, human-caused wildfire, and pollution; climate change and stream flow; altered disturbances such as frequency intensity and pattern of wildfires and insect outbreaks as well as flood control; lastly, invasive species like forest pests and pathogens. An integrated approach quantifying the current and past condition trends can be combined with spatial and temporal modeling to develop future change in forest structures and water supply. The key is a combination of geographic information system technologies with climate and land use scenarios, while preventing and minimizing the effects of harmful invasive species.
","language":"English","issn":"00416436","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Jarnevich, C., and Kumar, S., 2007, Forest legacies, climate change, altered disturbance regimes, invasive species and water: Unasylva, v. 58, no. 229, p. 44-49.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"49","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"229","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1334e4b0c8380cd5456b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.","contributorId":40766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarnevich, C.","contributorId":68099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":89843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030902,"text":"70030902 - 2007 - Composite analysis for Escherichia coli at coastal beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70030902","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Composite analysis for Escherichia coli at coastal beaches","docAbstract":"At some coastal beaches, concentrations of fecal-indicator bacteria can differ substantially between multiple points at the same beach at the same time. Because of this spatial variability, the recreational water quality at beaches is sometimes determined by stratifying a beach into several areas and collecting a sample from each area to analyze for the concentration of fecal-indicator bacteria. The average concentration of bacteria from those points is often used to compare to the recreational standard for advisory postings. Alternatively, if funds are limited, a single sample is collected to represent the beach. Compositing the samples collected from each section of the beach may yield equally accurate data as averaging concentrations from multiple points, at a reduced cost. In the study described herein, water samples were collected at multiple points from three Lake Erie beaches and analyzed for Escherichia coli on modified mTEC agar (EPA Method 1603). From the multiple-point samples, a composite sample (n = 116) was formed at each beach by combining equal aliquots of well-mixed water from each point. Results from this study indicate that E. coli concentrations from the arithmetic average of multiple-point samples and from composited samples are not significantly different (t = 1.59, p = 0.1139) and yield similar measures of recreational water quality; additionally, composite samples could result in a significant cost savings.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[335:CAFECA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Bertke, E., 2007, Composite analysis for Escherichia coli at coastal beaches: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 2, p. 335-341, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[335:CAFECA]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"335","endPage":"341","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211444,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[335:CAFECA]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":238735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f916e4b0c8380cd4d417","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bertke, E.E.","contributorId":24990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bertke","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70030903,"text":"70030903 - 2007 - Selenium and metal concentrations in waterbird eggs and chicks at Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70030903","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium and metal concentrations in waterbird eggs and chicks at Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge, Minnesota","docAbstract":"Exceptionally high cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) concentrations were reported in eggs, feathers, or livers of selected waterbird species nesting at Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge (Agassiz) in 1994. Ten- to 15-day-old Franklin's gull (Larus pipixcan), black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), and eared grebe (Podiceps nigricollis) chicks were collected in 1998, 1999, and 2001 at Agassiz and analyzed for selenium (Se) and metals including Cd and Cr. Freshly laid eggs were collected in 2001 from Franklin's gull, black-crowned night-heron, eared grebe, and pied-billed grebe (Podilymbus podiceps) nests at Agassiz. Based on a multivariate analysis, the pattern of Se and metal concentrations differed among species for eggs, chick feathers, and chick livers. Low Cd and Cr concentrations were measured in eggs, chick livers, and chick feathers of all four species. Mercury concentrations in black-crowned night-heron and eared grebe eggs collected from Agassiz in 2001 were lower than concentrations reported in 1994. Se and metal concentrations, including Cd and Cr, in waterbird eggs and chicks collected at Agassiz in 1998, 1999, and 2001 were not at toxic levels. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00244-006-0139-7","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., Custer, C.M., Eichhorst, B., and Warburton, D., 2007, Selenium and metal concentrations in waterbird eggs and chicks at Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge, Minnesota: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 53, no. 1, p. 103-109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-006-0139-7.","startPage":"103","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211474,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-006-0139-7"},{"id":238768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8cebe4b08c986b3181ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":31330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eichhorst, B.A.","contributorId":74196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eichhorst","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warburton, D.","contributorId":102610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warburton","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031135,"text":"70031135 - 2007 - Environmental and plant community determinants of species loss following nitrogen enrichment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031135","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental and plant community determinants of species loss following nitrogen enrichment","docAbstract":"Global energy use and food production have increased nitrogen inputs to ecosystems worldwide, impacting plant community diversity, composition, and function. Previous studies show considerable variation across terrestrial herbaceous ecosystems in the magnitude of species loss following nitrogen (N) enrichment. What controls this variation remains unknown. We present results from 23 N-addition experiments across North America, representing a range of climatic, soil and plant community properties, to determine conditions that lead to greater diversity decline. Species loss in these communities ranged from 0 to 65% of control richness. Using hierarchical structural equation modelling, we found greater species loss in communities with a lower soil cation exchange capacity, colder regional temperature, and larger production increase following N addition, independent of initial species richness, plant productivity, and the relative abundance of most plant functional groups. Our results indicate sensitivity to N addition is co-determined by environmental conditions and production responsiveness, which overwhelm the effects of initial community structure and composition. ?? 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01053.x","issn":"1461023X","usgsCitation":"Clark, C., Cleland, E., Collins, S., Fargione, J., Gough, L., Gross, K., Pennings, S., Suding, K., and Grace, J., 2007, Environmental and plant community determinants of species loss following nitrogen enrichment: Ecology Letters, v. 10, no. 7, p. 596-607, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01053.x.","startPage":"596","endPage":"607","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211457,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01053.x"}],"volume":"10","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a099fe4b0c8380cd51fc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, C.M.","contributorId":31972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleland, E.E.","contributorId":20127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleland","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, S.L.","contributorId":6657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fargione, J.E.","contributorId":78539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fargione","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gough, L.","contributorId":53971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gross, K.L.","contributorId":37129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pennings, S.C.","contributorId":56029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pennings","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Suding, K.N.","contributorId":93273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suding","given":"K.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70031131,"text":"70031131 - 2007 - Thermal history of low metamorphic grade Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rocks of the Penokean orogen, Lake Superior region: Evidence for a widespread 1786 Ma overprint based on xenotime geochronology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031131","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal history of low metamorphic grade Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rocks of the Penokean orogen, Lake Superior region: Evidence for a widespread 1786 Ma overprint based on xenotime geochronology","docAbstract":"Paleoproterozoic strata in northern Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota were deposited between 2.3 and 1.75 Ga within the rifted margin and subsequent foreland basin of the Penokean orogen. These strata show evidence for multiple regional metamorphic events previously attributed entirely to the Penokean orogeny (1875-1835 Ma). Metasandstones from the Marquette Range Supergroup and the Animikie, Mille Lacs, and North Range Groups were sampled at multiple localities across Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan for metamorphic xenotime suitable for in situ SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology. All samples are from the northern Penokean foreland basin where the metamorphic grade is greenschist to sub-greenschist and the strata are virtually undeformed. Xenotime U-Pb ages in these samples have a bimodal population with means of 1786 ?? 4 Ma (n = 32) and 1861 ?? 10 Ma (n = 9). Xenotime of both ages are contained in metasandstones from the basal Chocolay Group in Michigan and Wisconsin and the Mille Lacs Group and North Range Groups in Minnesota. The older age records a regional low-temperature thermal event that is slightly older than the overlying Menominee Group in Michigan and the Animikie Group in Minnesota and Ontario. This 1861 Ma event coincides with regional uplift that led to the formation of the unconformity between the Menominee Group and the overlying Baraga Group in Michigan; hence xenotime growth must have occurred at shallow burial depths. Younger units from the Menominee and Baraga Groups in Michigan and the Animikie Group in Minnesota, record only the 1786 Ma event. A dominant 1800-1790 Ma metamorphic monazite population that overprints Penokean-interval monazite has been documented within amphibolite- to granulite-facies rocks immediately north of the Niagara Fault Zone within the vicinity of gneiss domes and granitic plutons. In contrast, the 1786 Ma xenotime ages are from low-grade, virtually undeformed rocks 50-150 km from the high-grade zones and thus do not appear to reflect a local thermal imprint. Rather, the geographic extent of the 1786 Ma xenotime growth event suggests that it reflects a basin-wide, subtle thermal pulse. It is proposed that the xenotime ages record widespread subtle heating triggered by renewed subduction along the orogen due to Yavapai-interval convergence. The 1800-1700 Ma Yavapai terrane forms an accretionary belt throughout the central and southwestern U.S. and truncates the southern part of the Penokean orogen in central Wisconsin and southeastern Minnesota, about 200 km south of the sample sites. Alternatively, an 1800-1765 Ma interval of gravitational collapse of overthickened crust of the Penokean orogen immediately north of the Niagara Fault Zone may have driven a northward flow of hydrothermal fluids which subtly but pervasively altered the northern parts of the Penokean foreland and resulted in xenotime growth. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Precambrian Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2007.02.015","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Vallini, D., Cannon, W., Schulz, K.J., and McNaughton, N., 2007, Thermal history of low metamorphic grade Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rocks of the Penokean orogen, Lake Superior region: Evidence for a widespread 1786 Ma overprint based on xenotime geochronology: Precambrian Research, v. 157, no. 1-4, p. 169-187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.02.015.","startPage":"169","endPage":"187","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211399,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.02.015"},{"id":238682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"157","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb223e4b08c986b325606","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vallini, D.A.","contributorId":95262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallini","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, W.F. 0000-0002-2699-8118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":70382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"W.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulz, K. J.","contributorId":79131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McNaughton, N.J.","contributorId":55606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNaughton","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031130,"text":"70031130 - 2007 - Electrofishing effort required to estimate biotic condition in southern Idaho Rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T12:43:36","indexId":"70031130","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electrofishing effort required to estimate biotic condition in southern Idaho Rivers","docAbstract":"An important issue surrounding biomonitoring in large rivers is the minimum sampling effort required to collect an adequate number of fish for accurate and precise determinations of biotic condition. During the summer of 2002, we sampled 15 randomly selected large-river sites in southern Idaho to evaluate the effects of sampling effort on an index of biotic integrity (IBI). Boat electrofishing was used to collect sample populations of fish in river reaches representing 40 and 100 times the mean channel width (MCW; wetted channel) at base flow. Minimum sampling effort was assessed by comparing the relation between reach length sampled and change in IBI score. Thirty-two species of fish in the families Catostomidae, Centrarchidae, Cottidae, Cyprinidae, Ictaluridae, Percidae, and Salmonidae were collected. Of these, 12 alien species were collected at 80% (12 of 15) of the sample sites; alien species represented about 38% of all species (N = 32) collected during the study. A total of 60% (9 of 15) of the sample sites had poor IBI scores. A minimum reach length of about 36 times MCW was determined to be sufficient for collecting an adequate number of fish for estimating biotic condition based on an IBI score. For most sites, this equates to collecting 275 fish at a site. Results may be applicable to other semiarid, fifth-order through seventh-order rivers sampled during summer low-flow conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/M06-115.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Maret, T.R., Ott, D.S., and Herlihy, A.T., 2007, Electrofishing effort required to estimate biotic condition in southern Idaho Rivers: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 3, p. 1041-1052, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-115.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1041","endPage":"1052","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08a0e4b0c8380cd51bce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maret, Terry R. trmaret@usgs.gov","contributorId":953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maret","given":"Terry","email":"trmaret@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ott, Douglas S. dott@usgs.gov","contributorId":3552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ott","given":"Douglas","email":"dott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":430173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herlihy, Alan T.","contributorId":103156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herlihy","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031129,"text":"70031129 - 2007 - Improving resolution and understanding controls on GPR response in carbonate strata: Implications for attribute analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70031129","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2610,"text":"Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving resolution and understanding controls on GPR response in carbonate strata: Implications for attribute analysis","docAbstract":"For more than a decade, environmental, engineering, groundwater, and shallow stratigraphic studies have demonstrated and advanced the usefulness of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in lithified and unconsolidated sedimentary deposits (e.g., see Neal, 2004 and references therein). Despite the advances, important questions still remain on factors that control the actual appearance and characteristics of GPR reflections and diffractions in any given setting. ?? 2007 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.2769554","issn":"1070485X","usgsCitation":"Franseen, E.K., Byrnes, A., Xia, J., and Miller, R., 2007, Improving resolution and understanding controls on GPR response in carbonate strata: Implications for attribute analysis: Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK), v. 26, no. 8, p. 984-993, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2769554.","startPage":"984","endPage":"993","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477018,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1808/17030","text":"External Repository"},{"id":211371,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2769554"},{"id":238650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a397be4b0c8380cd6192f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franseen, E. K.","contributorId":30367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franseen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrnes, A.P.","contributorId":76057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrnes","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031128,"text":"70031128 - 2007 - Upper-crustal structure beneath the strait of Georgia, Southwest British Columbia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-31T12:22:46.819216","indexId":"70031128","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper-crustal structure beneath the strait of Georgia, Southwest British Columbia","docAbstract":"We present a new three-dimensional (3-D) P-wave velocity model for the upper-crustal structure beneath the Strait of Georgia, southwestern British Columbia based on non-linear tomographic inversion of wide-angle seismic refraction data. Our study, part of the Georgia Basin Geohazards Initiative (GBGI) is primarily aimed at mapping the depth of the Cenozoic sedimentary basin and delineating the near-surface crustal faults associated with recent seismic activities (e.g. M = 4.6 in 1997 and M = 5.0 in 1975) in the region. Joint inversion of first-arrival traveltimes from the 1998 Seismic Hazards Investigation in Puget Sound (SHIPS) and the 2002 Georgia Basin experiment provides a high-resolution velocity model of the subsurface to a depth of ∼7 km. In the southcentral Georgia Basin, sedimentary rocks of the Cretaceous Nanaimo Group and early Tertiary rocks have seismic velocities between 3.0 and 5.5 km s−1. The basin thickness increases from north to south with a maximum thickness of 7 (±1) km (depth to velocities of 5.5 km s−1) at the southeast end of the strait. The underlying basement rocks, probably representing the Wrangellia terrane, have velocities of 5.5–6.5 km s−1 with considerable lateral variation. Our tomographic model reveals that the Strait of Georgia is underlain by a fault-bounded block within the central Georgia Basin. It also shows a correlation between microearthquakes and areas of rapid change in basin thickness. The 1997/1975 earthquakes are located near a northeast-trending hinge line where the thicknesses of sedimentary rocks increase rapidly to the southeast. Given its association with instrumentally recorded, moderate sized earthquakes, we infer that the hinge region is cored by an active fault that we informally name the Gabriola Island fault. A northwest-trending, southwest dipping velocity discontinuity along the eastern side of Vancouver Island correlates spatially with the surface expression of the Outer Island fault. The Outer Island fault as mapped in our seismic tomography model is a thrust fault that projects directly into the Lummi Island fault, suggesting that they are related structures forming a fault system that is continuous for nearly 90 km. Together, these inferred thrust faults may account for at least a portion of the basement uplift at the San Juan Islands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03455.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Dash, R., Spence, G., Riedel, M., Hyndman, R., and Brocher, T., 2007, Upper-crustal structure beneath the strait of Georgia, Southwest British Columbia: Geophysical Journal International, v. 170, no. 2, p. 800-812, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03455.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"800","endPage":"812","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477208,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03455.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.77154323039505,\n 49.82465753621065\n ],\n [\n -125.77154323039505,\n 48.12372121090243\n ],\n [\n -121.9719039450089,\n 48.12372121090243\n ],\n [\n -121.9719039450089,\n 49.82465753621065\n ],\n [\n -125.77154323039505,\n 49.82465753621065\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"170","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd61e4b08c986b328fc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dash, R.K.","contributorId":88947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dash","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spence, G.D.","contributorId":85750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spence","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riedel, M.","contributorId":65268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hyndman, R.D.","contributorId":45831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyndman","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031123,"text":"70031123 - 2007 - Quantitative models for magma degassing and ground deformation (bradyseism) at Campi Flegrei, Italy: Implications for future eruptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70031123","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative models for magma degassing and ground deformation (bradyseism) at Campi Flegrei, Italy: Implications for future eruptions","docAbstract":"Campi Flegrei (Phlegrean Fields) is an active volcanic center near Naples, Italy. Numerous eruptions have occurred here during the Quaternary, and repeated episodes of slow vertical ground movement (bradyseism) have been documented since Roman times. Here, we present a quantitative model that relates deformation episodes to magma degassing and fracturing at the brittle-ductile transition in a magmatic-hydrothermal enviromnent. The model is consistent with field and laboratory observations and predicts that uplift between 1982 and 1984 was associated with crystallization of ???0.83 km3 of H2O-saturated magma at 6 km depth. During crystallization, ???6.2 ?? 1010 kg of H2O and 7.5 ?? 108 kg of CO2, exsolved from the magma and generated ???7 ?? 1015 J of mechanical (P??V) energy to drive the observed uplift. For comparison, ???1017 J of thermal energy was released during the 18 May 1980 lateral blast at Mount St. Helens. ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G23653A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Bodnar, R., Cannatelli, C., de Vivo, B., Lima, A., Belkin, H., and Milia, A., 2007, Quantitative models for magma degassing and ground deformation (bradyseism) at Campi Flegrei, Italy: Implications for future eruptions: Geology, v. 35, no. 9, p. 791-794, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23653A.1.","startPage":"791","endPage":"794","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211280,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G23653A.1"},{"id":238545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9227e4b0c8380cd806c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodnar, R.J.","contributorId":57065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodnar","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannatelli, C.","contributorId":40798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannatelli","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"de Vivo, B.","contributorId":50549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Vivo","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lima, A.","contributorId":74884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lima","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belkin, H. E. 0000-0001-7879-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":38160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"H. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Milia, A.","contributorId":62778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milia","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031114,"text":"70031114 - 2007 - Quantifying fluid and bed dynamics for characterizing benthic physical habitat in large rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T15:19:29","indexId":"70031114","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying fluid and bed dynamics for characterizing benthic physical habitat in large rivers","docAbstract":"Sturgeon use benthic habitats in and adjacent to main channels where environmental conditions can include bedload sediment transport and high near-bed flow velocities. Bed velocity measurements obtained with acoustic Doppler instruments provide a means to assess the concentration and velocity of sediment moving near the streambed, and are thus indicative of the bedload sediment transport rate, the near-bed flow velocity, and the stability of the substrate. Acoustic assessments of benthic conditions in the Missouri River were conducted at scales ranging from the stream reach to individual bedforms. Reach-scale results show that spatially-averaged bed velocities in excess of 0.5 m s-1 frequently occur in the navigation channel. At the local scale, bed velocities are highest near bedform crests, and lowest in the troughs. Low-velocity zones can persist in areas with extremely high mean bed velocities. Use of these low-velocity zones may allow sturgeon to make use of portions of the channel where the average conditions near the bed are severe. To obtain bed velocity measurements of the highest possible quality, it is necessary to extract bottom-track and GPS velocity information from the raw ADCP data files on a ping-by-ping basis. However, bed velocity measured from a point can also be estimated using a simplified method that is more easily implemented in the context of routine monitoring. The method requires only the transect distance and direction data displayed in standard ADCP data-logging software. Bed velocity estimates obtained using this method are usually within 5-10% of estimates obtained from ping-by-ping processing. ?? 2007 Blackwell Verlag.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00888.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Gaeuman, D., and Jacobson, R., 2007, Quantifying fluid and bed dynamics for characterizing benthic physical habitat in large rivers: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 23, no. 4, p. 359-364, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00888.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"364","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477096,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00888.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211625,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00888.x"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91cbe4b0c8380cd80474","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaeuman, D.","contributorId":73807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaeuman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, R. B. 0000-0002-8368-2064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":92614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031112,"text":"70031112 - 2007 - Use of a wetland index to evaluate changes in riparian vegetation after livestock exclusion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-16T14:26:48","indexId":"70031112","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a wetland index to evaluate changes in riparian vegetation after livestock exclusion","docAbstract":"A method was developed to characterize ecological integrity of riparian sites based on the abundance of hydric species. This wetland index can be calculated with species data, or with community type data as performed here. Classified riparian community types were used to describe vegetation at 14 livestock exclosures and adjacent grazed areas. Community type wetland index values were generated and used to calculate site wetland index values. It was hypothesized that removal of livestock would result in higher wetland index values because of release from herbivory and decreased physical disturbance of vegetation, streambanks, and soil. The wetland index for exclosures was about 12% higher than grazed sites; differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01) based on paired t-tests. The increase in hydric vegetation after livestock exclusion may have contributed to the greater bank stability (p = 0.002) and smaller width-to-depth ratio (p = 0.005) in exclosures. Challenges were encountered in using community types to describe and compare site vegetation, which could be avoided with species data collection. The wetland index can be a tool to monitor sites over time, compare sites with similar environments, or compare sites for which environmental differences can be accounted.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00058.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Coles-Ritchie, M.C., Roberts, D., Kershner, J.L., and Henderson, R., 2007, Use of a wetland index to evaluate changes in riparian vegetation after livestock exclusion: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 3, p. 731-743, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00058.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"731","endPage":"743","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477244,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00058.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211597,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00058.x"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbea3e4b08c986b3296d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coles-Ritchie, M. C.","contributorId":40418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles-Ritchie","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, D.W.","contributorId":11828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kershner, J. L.","contributorId":100322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henderson, R.C.","contributorId":58986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031107,"text":"70031107 - 2007 - Revised landsat-5 thematic mapper radiometric calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T13:23:14","indexId":"70031107","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1940,"text":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revised landsat-5 thematic mapper radiometric calibration","docAbstract":"Effective April 2, 2007, the radiometric calibration of Landsat-5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM) data that are processed and distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) will be updated. The lifetime gain model that was implemented on May 5, 2003, for the reflective bands (1-5, 7) will be replaced by a new lifetime radiometric-calibration curve that is derived from the instrument's response to pseudoinvariant desert sites and from cross calibration with the Landsat-7 (L7) Enhanced TM Plus (ETM+). Although this calibration update applies to all archived and future L5 TM data, the principal improvements in the calibration are for the data acquired during the first eight years of the mission (1984-1991), where the changes in the instrument-gain values are as much as 15%. The radiometric scaling coefficients for bands 1 and 2 for approximately the first eight years of the mission have also been changed. Users will need to apply these new coefficients to convert the calibrated data product digital numbers to radiance. The scaling coefficients for the other bands have not changed.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/LGRS.2007.898285","issn":"1545598X","usgsCitation":"Chander, G., Markham, B.L., and Barsi, J., 2007, Revised landsat-5 thematic mapper radiometric calibration: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, v. 4, no. 3, p. 490-494, https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2007.898285.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"490","endPage":"494","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211568,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2007.898285"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aacc4e4b0c8380cd86dc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markham, B. L.","contributorId":88872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markham","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barsi, J. A.","contributorId":24085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barsi","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031103,"text":"70031103 - 2007 - Differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, on Pinus palustris and Pinus taeda","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031103","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, on Pinus palustris and Pinus taeda","docAbstract":"Patterns of host use by herbivore pests can have serious consequences for natural and managed ecosystems but are often poorly understood. Here, we provide the first quantification of large differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, on loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., and longleaf pine, Pinus palustris P. Mill., and evaluate putative mechanisms for the disparity. Spatially extensive survey data from recent epidemics indicate that, per square kilometre, stands of loblolly versus longleaf pine in four forests (380-1273 km2) sustained 3-18 times more local infestations and 3-116 times more tree mortality. Differences were not attributable to size or age structure of pine stands. Using pheromone-baited traps, we found no differences in the abundance of dispersing D. frontalis or its predator Thanasimus dubius Fabricius between loblolly and longleaf stands. Trapping triggered numerous attacks on trees, but the pine species did not differ in the probability of attack initiation or in the surface area of bark attacked by growing aggregations. We found no evidence for postaggregation mechanisms of discrimination or differential success on the two hosts, suggesting that early colonizers discriminate between host species before a pheromone plume is present. ?? 2007 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/X07-008","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Friedenberg, N., Whited, B., Slone, D., Martinson, S., and Ayres, M., 2007, Differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, on Pinus palustris and Pinus taeda: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 37, no. 8, p. 1427-1437, https://doi.org/10.1139/X07-008.","startPage":"1427","endPage":"1437","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211485,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X07-008"},{"id":238781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00fbe4b0c8380cd4fa1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedenberg, N.A.","contributorId":51092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedenberg","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whited, B.M.","contributorId":40799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whited","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slone, D. H. 0000-0002-9903-9727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9903-9727","contributorId":33040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slone","given":"D. H.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martinson, S.J.","contributorId":28802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinson","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ayres, M.P.","contributorId":63608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayres","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031101,"text":"70031101 - 2007 - An analytical model of the mechanical properties of bulk coal under confined stress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031101","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1709,"text":"Fuel","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analytical model of the mechanical properties of bulk coal under confined stress","docAbstract":"This paper presents the development of an analytical model which can be used to relate the structural parameters of coal to its mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio under a confined stress condition. This model is developed primarily to support process modeling of coalbed methane (CBM) or CO2-enhanced CBM (ECBM) recovery from coal seam. It applied an innovative approach by which stresses acting on and strains occurring in coal are successively combined in rectangular coordinates, leading to the aggregated mechanical constants. These mechanical properties represent important information for improving CBM/ECBM simulations and incorporating within these considerations of directional permeability. The model, consisting of constitutive equations which implement a mechanically consistent stress-strains correlation, can be used as a generalized tool to study the mechanical and fluid behaviors of coal composites. An example using the model to predict the stress-strain correlation of coal under triaxial confined stress by accounting for the elastic and brittle (non-elastic) deformations is discussed. The result shows a good agreement between the prediction and the experimental measurement. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fuel","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2007.01.002","issn":"00162361","usgsCitation":"Wang, G., Wang, Z., Rudolph, V., Massarotto, P., and Finley, R., 2007, An analytical model of the mechanical properties of bulk coal under confined stress: Fuel, v. 86, no. 12-13, p. 1873-1884, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.01.002.","startPage":"1873","endPage":"1884","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211455,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.01.002"}],"volume":"86","issue":"12-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9f9e4b0c8380cd48576","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, G.X.","contributorId":36748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"G.X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Z.T.","contributorId":25354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rudolph, V.","contributorId":10220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudolph","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Massarotto, P.","contributorId":40416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massarotto","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finley, R.J.","contributorId":70984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031100,"text":"70031100 - 2007 - Genotypes and phylogeographical relationships of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-18T09:38:02","indexId":"70031100","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genotypes and phylogeographical relationships of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in California, USA","docAbstract":"Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) contains 3 major genogroups in North America with discreet geographic ranges designated as upper (U), middle (M), and lower (L). A comprehensive genotyping of 237 IHNV isolates from hatchery and wild salmonids in California revealed 25 different sequence types (a to y) all in the L genogroup; specifically, the genogroup contained 14 sequence types that were unique to individual isolates as well as 11 sequence types representing 2 or more identical isolates. The most evident trend was the phylogenetic and geographical division of the L genogroup into 2 distinct subgroups designated as LI and LII. Isolates within Subgroup LI were primarily found within waterways linked to southern Oregon and northern California coastal rivers. Isolates in Subgroup LII were concentrated within inland valley watersheds that included the Sacramento River, San Joaquin River, and their tributaries. The temporal and spatial patterns of virus occurrence suggested that infections among adult Chinook salmon in the hatchery or that spawn in the river are a major source of virus potentially infecting other migrating or resident salmonids in California. Serum neutralization results of the California isolates of IHNV corroborated a temporal trend of sequence divergence; specifically, 2 progressive shifts in which more recent virus isolates represent new serotypes. A comparison of the estimates of divergence rates for Subgroup LI (1 ?? ICT5 mutations per nucleotide site per year) indicated stasis similar to that observed in the U genogroup, while the Subgroup LII rate (1 ?? 10 3 mutations per nucleotide site per year) suggested a more active evolution similar to that of the M genogroup. ?? Inter-Research 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","publisherLocation":"Oldendorf, Germany","doi":"10.3354/dao01811","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Kelley, G., Bendorf, C., Yun, S., Kurath, G., and Hedrick, R., 2007, Genotypes and phylogeographical relationships of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in California, USA: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 77, no. 1, p. 29-40, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao01811.","startPage":"29","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487662,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao01811","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211428,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao01811"},{"id":238714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1594e4b0c8380cd54ea2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelley, G.O.","contributorId":47156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"G.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bendorf, C.M.","contributorId":41215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bendorf","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yun, S.C.","contributorId":69778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yun","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":100522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hedrick, R.P.","contributorId":76431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedrick","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031098,"text":"70031098 - 2007 - The impact of metabolic state on Cd adsorption onto bacterial cells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-26T12:12:39.543916","indexId":"70031098","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1751,"text":"Geobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impact of metabolic state on Cd adsorption onto bacterial cells","docAbstract":"This study examines the effect of bacterial metabolism on the adsorption of Cd onto Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cells. Metabolically active Gram-positive cells adsorbed significantly less Cd than non-metabolizing cells. Gram-negative cells, however, showed no systematic difference in Cd adsorption between metabolizing and non-metabolizing cells. The effect of metabolism on Cd adsorption to Gram-positive cells was likely due to an influx of protons in and around the cell wall from the metabolic proton motive force, promoting competition between Cd and protons for adsorption sites on the cell wall. The relative lack of a metabolic effect on Cd adsorption onto Gram-negative compared to Gram-positive cells suggests that Cd binding in Gram-negative cells is focused in a region of the cell wall that is not reached, or is unaffected by this proton flux. Thermodynamic modeling was used to estimate that proton pumping causes the pH in the cell wall of metabolizing Gram-positive bacteria to decrease from the bulk solution value of 7.0 to approximately 5.7.