A flow-routing model was used to simulate 17 water years of daily streamflows at five sites. The sites were Mapleton Depot and Newport, Pennsylvania, on the Juniata River, and Harrisburg and Marietta, Pennsylvania, and Conowingo, Maryland, on the Susquehanna River. The purpose for the simulations was to determine the effects of a new reservoir, Raystown Lake, on the low-flow frequency characteristics of these sites. Raystown Lake is on Raystown Branch Juniata River, a tributary to the Juniata River.
\nOutput from a reservoir-regulation model of Raystown Lake was used as input to the flow-routing models. In addition, a reservoir-routing model was developed for the hydroelectric power dams on the lower Susquehanna River.
\nLow-flow frequency curves, based on the post-Raystown Lake simulated flows, were compared to similar curves based on pre-Raystown observed data. The comparison indicated that operation of the lake will cause estimated increases in the 7-day 10-year low flows ranging from 420 cfs at Mapleton Depot to 290 cfs at Marietta and Conowingo over the 7-day 10-year low flows for pre-Raystown conditions.
\nAlthough inherent modeling errors exist in all of these simulated data, the overall quality of the simulated flows and the low-flow frequency curves is considered good. (Woodard-USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7712","usgsCitation":"Armbruster, J.T., 1977, Flow routing in the Susquehanna River Basin: Part I - Effects of Raystown Lake on the low-flow frequency characteristics of the Juniata and lower Susquehanna Rivers, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-12, v, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7712.","productDescription":"v, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri7712.jpg"},{"id":310269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0012/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.37646484375,\n 39.65645604812829\n ],\n [\n -78.37646484375,\n 41.054501963290505\n ],\n [\n -76.1572265625,\n 41.054501963290505\n ],\n [\n -76.1572265625,\n 39.65645604812829\n ],\n [\n -78.37646484375,\n 39.65645604812829\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aee57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armbruster, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":37707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5923,"text":"pp982 - 1977 - Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13786,"text":"ofr75617 - 1975 - Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York","indexId":"ofr75617","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5923,"text":"pp982 - 1977 - Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York","indexId":"pp982","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:45","indexId":"pp982","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"982","title":"Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional analog model of the ground-water system beneath Long Island, N.Y., provides a practical means for studying anisotropic flow on a regional scale. Constructional and operational techniques influence the simulation almost as much as model design does. Usefulness and accuracy of the model depend on (1) inherent and practical limitations of the finite-difference method, (2) accuracy and completeness of the data base, and (3) accuracy of the assumptions and approximations that were made in applying the simulation technique to this particular ground-water reservoir. Reliable data used in design of the model are (1) horizontal hydraulic conductivity and thickness of three major aquifers, (2) extent of confining beds, (3) specific yield, and (4) locations of streams. Estimates of vertical hydraulic conductivity and specific storage were applied to the model. Most spatially fixed model boundaries are good representations of prototype (real-world) boundaries. Most dynamic boundaries are only approximately represented, and some dynamic boundaries require application of unproved assumptions. The simulated ground-water reservoir generally agrees with prototype hydrology, and the model is being used for predictive studies. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp982","usgsCitation":"Getzen, R.T., 1977, Analog-model analysis of regional three-dimensional flow in the ground-water reservoir of Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 982, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp982.","productDescription":"49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0982/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32805,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0982/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6837cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Getzen, Rufus T.","contributorId":45699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Getzen","given":"Rufus","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26262,"text":"wri77107 - 1977 - Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T16:02:05","indexId":"wri77107","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-107","title":"Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming","docAbstract":"In central Wyoming, Potentially large supplies of ground water are available in the Sweetwater River basin from the Arikaree aquifer, which consists of the upper part of the White River, the Arikaree, and the Ogallala Formations. A preliminary digital model was developed for the Arikaree aquifer using a small amount of poorly distributed data, an estimated distribution of recharge, and a conceptual model of the Arikaree aquifer flow system. Calibration of the model was based on reproduction of the potentiometric surface and the base flow of the Sweetwater River in November 1975. Calculated steady-state hydraulic heads were within 50 feet of the observed heads in about 98 percent of the nodes. The calculated leakage from the Arikaree aquifer to he Sweetwater River in the western area was within about 12 percent of the leadage determined by gain and loss studies. In order to develop a comprehensive digital model that would respond to hydraulic stress in nearly the same manner as the actual aquifer flow system, measured responses of the aquifer to stress are needed. Also needed are additional data on aquifer characteristics, recharge to the aquifer, and stream-aquifer relationships. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri77107","usgsCitation":"Borchert, W.B., 1977, Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River basin, central Wyoming (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-107, iii, 19 p. :maps (some fold. in pocket) ;27 cm. --, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri77107.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p. :maps (some fold. in pocket) ;27 cm. --","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0107/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55073,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0107/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6692c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borchert, W. B.","contributorId":34965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchert","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3866,"text":"cir745 - 1977 - Water consumption by nuclear powerplants and some hydrological implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-07T08:39:03","indexId":"cir745","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"745","title":"Water consumption by nuclear powerplants and some hydrological implications","docAbstract":"Published data show that estimated water consumption varies with the cooling system adopted, being least in once-through cooling (about 18 cubic feet per second per 1,000 megawatts electrical) and greatest in closed cooling with mechanical draft towers (about 30 cubic feet per second per 1,000 megawatts electrical). When freshwater is used at this magnitude, water-resources economy may be affected in a given region. The critical need for cooling water at all times by the nuclear powerplant industry, coupled with the knowledge that water withdrawal in the basin will generally increase with time and will be at a maximum during low-flow periods, indicates a need for reexamination of the design low flow currently adopted and the methods used to estimate it. The amount of power generated, the name of the cooling water source, and the cooling method adopted for all nuclear powerplants projected to be in operation by 1985 in the United States are tabulated and the estimated annual evaporation at each powerplant site is shown on a map of the conterminous United States. Another map is presented that shows all nuclear powerplants located on river sites as well as stream reaches in the United States where the 7-day, 10-year low flow is at least 300 cubic feet per second or where this amount of flow can be developed with storage. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir745","usgsCitation":"Giusti, E.V., and Meyer, E., 1977, Water consumption by nuclear powerplants and some hydrological implications: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 745, iii, 14 p. :ill. ;26 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/cir745.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p. :ill. ;26 cm. ","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":30959,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1977/0745/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1977/0745/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d8e4b07f02db54942f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giusti, Ennio V.","contributorId":35301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giusti","given":"Ennio","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, E.L.","contributorId":102870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":56368,"text":"wdrIN761 - 1977 - Water resources data for Indiana, water year 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-11T10:44:51","indexId":"wdrIN761","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"IN-76-1","title":"Water resources data for Indiana, water year 1976","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1976 water year for Indiana consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels in wells. This report contains discharge records for 192 gaging stations; stage and contents for 12 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 36 gaging stations; and water levels for 47 observation wells. Also included are 119 crest-stage partial-record stations, 49 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Indiana.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrIN761","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Indiana and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Water resources data for Indiana, water year 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report IN-76-1, xii, 363 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrIN761.","productDescription":"xii, 363 p.","numberOfPages":"379","temporalStart":"1975-10-01","temporalEnd":"1976-09-30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288297,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1976/in-76-1/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0979,37.7717 ], [ -88.0979,41.7607 ], [ -84.7847,41.7607 ], [ -84.7847,37.7717 ], [ -88.0979,37.7717 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5c71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28068,"text":"wri7780 - 1977 - Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of southeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T11:09:06","indexId":"wri7780","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-80","title":"Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of southeastern Montana","docAbstract":"This report summarizes and evaluates water-quality data collected at 35 stream sites the the coal region of southeastern Montana. Sarpy Creek, Armells Creek, and Rosebud Creek sometimes have dissolved-solids concentrations that cause water to be marginal for agricultural purposes. At times of rainfall and snowmelt, the runoff water mixes with the base-flow component to improve the overall quality. Water in the Tongue River generally showed a downstream degradation in which some changes were related to lithology of the aquifers contributing water to streamflow. Water from Pumpkin Creek and Mizpah Creek is used mostly for cattle watering. To some extent water is used for irrigation although the salinity hazard was often high. The chemical quality of the Powder River changed little during flow downstream. High sediment loads of the river acted as transporting agents for many of the plant nutrients and trace-element constituents. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri7780","usgsCitation":"Knapton, J.R., and McKinley, P.W., 1977, Water quality of selected streams in the coal area of southeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-80, viii, 145 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7780.","productDescription":"viii, 145 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0080/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":365770,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0080/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.22607421875,\n 44.98034238084973\n ],\n [\n -103.99658203125,\n 44.98034238084973\n ],\n [\n -103.99658203125,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n -109.22607421875,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n -109.22607421875,\n 44.98034238084973\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f1e6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knapton, J. R.","contributorId":84385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knapton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKinley, P. W.","contributorId":16414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8254,"text":"ofr76672 - 1976 - Aerial profiling of terrain to define stream-valley geometry: study report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T10:36:42","indexId":"ofr76672","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-672","title":"Aerial profiling of terrain to define stream-valley geometry: study report","docAbstract":"A six-month engineering analysis was performed by The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., at the request of the U. S. Geological Survey, to investigate the suitability of an airborne instrument package based on inertial techniques to serve as the datum for a laser altimeter in a system for aerial profiling of terrain to determine selected features of stream-valley geometry to an accuracy of ± 0.5 ft. in the vertical coordinate and ± 10 ft. in the horizontal coordinates. Feasible system configuration features a high performance inertial platform incorporating an integral laser tracker, pointing and ranging on retroreflectors on the ground, in order to provide the frequent updates needed to meet the accuracy requirements. In all environments except those of severe gravity gradients the nominal two- by twenty-mile survey area can be covered using three ground-surveyed retroreflectors, interspersed with several unlocated retroreflectors that are surveyed in by the airborne system along a longitudinal path within the river valley when the aircraft arrives over the site. Subsequent transverse profiling runs (traverses that may be spaced as close as one-quarter mile apart) are flown using, in turn, all retroreflectors as updating position references. Pointing and range information from the tracker are optimally combined with the on-board inertial measurements and available gravity data to provide position information and serve as the height datum for a terrain-clearance measuring laser altimeter. Data-logging means and operator display, as well as steering commands to the aircraft autopilot, are provided. The system configuration is capable of operating in single- or twin-engine aircraft including helecopters. It is recommended that work proceed into the design phase.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76672","collaboration":"Contractor: The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Desai, M., Drohan, W.A., Hursh, J.W., Mamon, G., and Youmans, D.G., 1976, Aerial profiling of terrain to define stream-valley geometry: study report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-672, xxii, 225 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76672.","productDescription":"xxii, 225 p.","numberOfPages":"248","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289871,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289870,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0672/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698d0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Desai, Mukund","contributorId":73502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desai","given":"Mukund","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drohan, William A.","contributorId":57773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drohan","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hursh, John W.","contributorId":26822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hursh","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mamon, Glenn","contributorId":19480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mamon","given":"Glenn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Youmans, Douglas G.","contributorId":106018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Youmans","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":27839,"text":"wri7661 - 1976 - A model for calculating effects of liquid waste disposal in deep saline aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T10:01:44","indexId":"wri7661","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-61","title":"A model for calculating effects of liquid waste disposal in deep saline aquifer","docAbstract":"Injection of liquid industrial wastes into confined underground saline aquifers can offer a good disposal alternative from both environmental and economic considerations. One of the needs in choosing from among several disposal alternatives is a means of evaluating the influence such an injection will have on the aquifer system. This report describes a mathematical model to accomplish this purpose.
The objective of the contract was to develop a three-dimensional transient mathematical model which would accurately simulate behavior of waste injection into deep saline aquifers. Fluid properties, density and viscosity are functions of pressure, temperature and composition to provide a comprehensive assessment tool. The model is a finite-difference numerical solution of the partial differential equations describing
The model is not restricted to examining waste disposal operations. It can be used effectively to evaluate fresh water storage in saline aquifers, hot water storage in underground aquifers, salt water intrusion into groundwater flow systems and other similar applications.
The primary advantages of the present model can be summarized as:
The limitations of the present techniques are:
Included in the report are detailed descriptions of the approach used in the model, validation tests of the model, and a typical application of the model. A comparison volume documents the input data requirements, program structure, and an example problem for the model. '
Heat-flow data have been obtained at 44 sites in various parts of Australia. These include seven sites from the old (~ 2500 m.y.) Precambrian shield of Western Australia, seventeen from the younger (~ 600- 2000 m.y.) Precambrian rocks of South Australia, the Northern Territory, and Queensland, and twenty within the eastern Paleozoic and younger rocks. Thirty of the sites are located where no previous heat-flow data existed, and the remainder provide significant extensions or refinements of areas previously studied. Where the holes studied penetrated the crystalline basement rocks, or where the latter rocks were exposed within a few kilometers of the holes, the upper crustal radiogenic heat production has been estimated based on gamma-ray spectrometric determinations of U, Th, and K abundances. Three heat-flow provinces are recognized in Australia based on the linear relation (q = q* + DA0 ) between heat flow q and surface radioactivity A0. New data from the Western Australian shield support earlier studies showing that heat flow is low to normal with values ranging from 0.7 to 1.2 hfu and with the majority of values less than 1.0 hfu, and the parameters q* = 0.63 hfu and 0 = 4.5 km determined previously were confirmed. Heat flow in the Proterozoic shield of central Australia is quite variable, with values ranging between about l and 3 hfu. This variability is attributed mainly to variations in near-surface crustal radioactivity. The parameters of the heat-flow line are q* = 0.64 hfu and 0 = 11.1 km and moderately high temperatures are predicted for the lower crust and upper mantle. Previous suggestions of a band of l ow- to - normal heat flow near the coast in eastern Australia were confirmed in some areas, but the zone is interrupted in at least one region (the Sydney Basin), where heat flow is about 2.0 hfu over a large area. The reduced heat flow, q*, in the Paleozoic intrusive rocks of eastern Australia varies from about 0.8 to 2.0 hfu . This variability might be related to thermal transients associated with Late Tertiary and younger volcanic and tectonic activity, even though the relation between heat-flow values and the age of volcanism is not a simple one. Parts of the high heat-flow area in the southeast might be exploitable for geothermal energy.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76250","usgsCitation":"Sass, J., Jaeger, J., and Munroe, R.J., 1976, Heat flow and near-surface radioactivity in the Australian continental crust: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-250, iii, 91 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76250.","productDescription":"iii, 91 p.","numberOfPages":"106","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/OFR76250.jpg"},{"id":310248,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0250/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Australia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[145.39798,-40.79255],[146.36412,-41.1377],[146.90858,-41.00055],[147.68926,-40.80826],[148.28907,-40.87544],[148.35986,-42.06245],[148.0173,-42.40702],[147.91405,-43.21152],[147.56456,-42.93769],[146.87034,-43.6346],[146.66333,-43.58085],[146.04838,-43.54974],[145.43193,-42.69378],[145.29509,-42.03361],[144.71807,-41.16255],[144.74375,-40.70398],[145.39798,-40.79255]]],[[[143.56181,-13.76366],[143.9221,-14.54831],[144.56371,-14.17118],[144.89491,-14.59446],[145.37472,-14.98498],[145.27199,-15.42821],[145.48526,-16.28567],[145.63703,-16.78492],[145.8889,-16.90693],[146.16031,-17.76165],[146.06367,-18.28007],[146.38748,-18.95827],[147.47108,-19.48072],[148.1776,-19.95594],[148.84841,-20.39121],[148.71747,-20.63347],[149.28942,-21.26051],[149.67834,-22.34251],[150.07738,-22.12278],[150.48294,-22.55614],[150.72727,-22.4024],[150.89955,-23.46224],[151.60918,-24.07626],[152.07354,-24.45789],[152.8552,-25.2675],[153.13616,-26.07117],[153.16195,-26.64132],[153.09291,-27.2603],[153.56947,-28.11007],[153.51211,-28.99508],[153.3391,-29.4582],[153.06924,-30.35024],[153.0896,-30.92364],[152.89158,-31.64045],[152.45,-32.55],[151.70912,-33.04134],[151.34397,-33.81602],[151.01056,-34.31036],[150.71414,-35.17346],[150.32822,-35.67188],[150.07521,-36.42021],[149.94612,-37.10905],[149.99728,-37.42526],[149.42388,-37.77268],[148.30462,-37.80906],[147.38173,-38.21922],[146.92212,-38.60653],[146.31792,-39.03576],[145.48965,-38.59377],[144.87698,-38.41745],[145.03221,-37.89619],[144.48568,-38.08532],[143.60997,-38.80947],[142.74543,-38.53827],[142.17833,-38.38003],[141.60658,-38.30851],[140.63858,-38.01933],[139.99216,-37.40294],[139.80659,-36.6436],[139.57415,-36.13836],[139.08281,-35.73275],[138.12075,-35.6123],[138.44946,-35.12726],[138.20756,-34.38472],[137.71917,-35.07683],[136.82941,-35.26053],[137.35237,-34.70734],[137.50389,-34.13027],[137.89012,-33.64048],[137.81033,-32.90001],[136.99684,-33.75277],[136.37207,-34.09477],[135.98904,-34.89012],[135.20821,-34.47867],[135.23922,-33.94795],[134.61342,-33.22278],[134.0859,-32.84807],[134.2739,-32.61723],[132.99078,-32.01122],[132.28808,-31.98265],[131.32633,-31.4958],[129.53579,-31.59042],[128.24094,-31.94849],[127.10287,-32.28227],[126.14871,-32.21597],[125.08862,-32.72875],[124.22165,-32.95949],[124.02895,-33.48385],[123.65967,-33.89018],[122.81104,-33.91447],[122.18306,-34.0034],[121.29919,-33.82104],[120.58027,-33.93018],[119.8937,-33.97607],[119.2989,-34.50937],[119.00734,-34.46415],[118.50572,-34.74682],[118.02497,-35.06473],[117.29551,-35.02546],[116.62511,-35.0251],[115.56435,-34.38643],[115.02681,-34.19652],[115.04862,-33.62343],[115.54512,-33.48726],[115.71467,-33.25957],[115.67938,-32.90037],[115.80165,-32.20506],[115.68961,-31.61244],[115.16091,-30.60159],[114.99704,-30.03072],[115.04004,-29.4611],[114.64197,-28.81023],[114.6165,-28.5164],[114.17358,-28.11808],[114.04888,-27.33477],[113.4775,-26.54313],[113.33895,-26.11655],[113.77836,-26.54903],[113.44096,-25.62128],[113.9369,-25.91123],[114.23285,-26.29845],[114.21616,-25.78628],[113.72126,-24.99894],[113.62534,-24.68397],[113.39352,-24.38476],[113.50204,-23.80635],[113.70699,-23.56022],[113.84342,-23.05999],[113.73655,-22.47548],[114.14976,-21.75588],[114.22531,-22.51749],[114.64776,-21.82952],[115.46017,-21.49517],[115.94737,-21.06869],[116.71162,-20.70168],[117.16632,-20.6236],[117.44155,-20.7469],[118.22956,-20.37421],[118.83609,-20.26331],[118.98781,-20.0442],[119.25249,-19.95294],[119.80523,-19.97651],[120.85622,-19.68371],[121.39986,-19.23976],[121.65514,-18.70532],[122.24167,-18.19765],[122.28662,-17.7986],[122.31277,-17.25497],[123.01257,-16.4052],[123.43379,-17.26856],[123.85934,-17.06904],[123.50324,-16.59651],[123.81707,-16.11132],[124.25829,-16.32794],[124.37973,-15.56706],[124.92615,-15.0751],[125.16728,-14.6804],[125.67009,-14.51007],[125.6858,-14.23066],[126.12515,-14.34734],[126.14282,-14.09599],[126.58259,-13.95279],[127.06587,-13.81797],[127.80463,-14.27691],[128.35969,-14.86917],[128.98554,-14.87599],[129.62147,-14.96978],[129.4096,-14.42067],[129.88864,-13.6187],[130.33947,-13.35738],[130.18351,-13.10752],[130.6178,-12.53639],[131.22349,-12.18365],[131.73509,-12.30245],[132.5753,-12.11404],[132.55721,-11.60301],[131.8247,-11.27378],[132.35722,-11.12852],[133.01956,-11.37641],[133.55085,-11.78652],[134.39307,-12.04237],[134.67863,-11.94118],[135.29849,-12.24861],[135.88269,-11.96227],[136.25838,-12.04934],[136.49248,-11.85721],[136.95162,-12.35196],[136.685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J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":171729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaeger, J.C.","contributorId":54217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaeger","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16691,"text":"Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":171727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Munroe, Robert J.","contributorId":12039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munroe","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":171728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29405,"text":"wri7626 - 1976 - Water resources of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri7626","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-26","title":"Water resources of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1,000-square-mile Warm Springs Indian Reservation in north-central Oregon were obtained and evaluated. The area is bounded on the west by the crest of the Cascade Range and on the south and east by the Metolius and Deschutes Rivers. The mountainous western part is underlain by young volcanic rocks, and the plateaus and valleys of the eastern part are underlain by basalt, tuff, sand, and gravel of Tertiary and Quaternary ages. There are numerous springs, some developed for stock use, and about 50 domestic and community wells; yields are small, ranging from less than 1 to as much as 25 gallons per minute. Chemical quality of most ground water is suitable for stock or human consumption and for irrigation. Average flows of the Warm Springs River, Metolius River, and Deschutes River are 440, 1,400, and 4,040 cubic feet per second (cfs), respectively. Shitike Creek, which has an average flow of 108 cfs had a peak of 4,000 cfs in January 1974. Most streams have fewer than 100 milligrams per liter (mg/liter) of dissolved solids. Chemical and biological quality of the mountain lakes is also good; of 10 lakes studied, all had fewer than 50 mg/liter of dissolved solids and none had measurable fecal coliform bacteria. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri7626","usgsCitation":"Robison, J.H., and Laenen, A., 1976, Water resources of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-26, v, 85 p. :ill., maps ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7626.","productDescription":"v, 85 p. :ill., maps ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":260337,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0026/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":260338,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0026/report.pdf"},{"id":260339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0026/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699bc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robison, J. H.","contributorId":60183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robison","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laenen, Antonius","contributorId":107673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laenen","given":"Antonius","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13733,"text":"ofr76338 - 1976 - Test drilling for ground water in Hudspeth, Culberson, and Presidio Counties in westernmost Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T16:30:19","indexId":"ofr76338","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-338","title":"Test drilling for ground water in Hudspeth, Culberson, and Presidio Counties in westernmost Texas","docAbstract":"From November 1973 to October 1974, the U.S. Geological Survey drilled four deep test holes to supplement hydrologic and geophysical studies evaluating fresh ground water in the basins of westernmost Texas. For each test, samples of drill cuttings were collect·ed, borehole geophysical logs were run, and water samples were collected from specific zones.
\nThe Leopold Guerra No. 1 test hole penetrated sand and gravel :o 1,100 feet (335m), and logs and water samples indicated fresh ground water to that depth. Below 1,100 feet (335m), the material probably has low permeability. The Clay Evans No. 1 test penetrated sand, gravel, and clay to 555 feet (169m), sand and thin volcanic flows to about 1,250 feet (381 m), and volcanic flows and tuffs to 2,006 feet (611 m). Logs and water samples indicated fresh ground \\vater to about 1, 250 feet (381 m); below that, permeability is probably low. The Culberson County Airport test was drilled through sand, gravel, and clay to 1,145 feet (349m), conglomerate to 1,205 feet (367m), and the Lower Cretaceous Cox Sandstone to 1,306 feet (398m). Logs and water s~mples indicated fresh water in the alluvial fill and in the Cox Sandstone to about 1,265 feet (386m); below that depth, permeability is probably low. The Davis test was drilled through clay with some thin beds of sand and gravel containing fresh water to a depth of 2,012 feet (613 m).
\nBorehole temperature data indicated above-nonnal gradients in the Guerra and Culberson County Airport tests. Temperature gradients in the Evans and Davis tests were near normal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76338","usgsCitation":"Gates, J.S., and White, D.E., 1976, Test drilling for ground water in Hudspeth, Culberson, and Presidio Counties in westernmost Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-338, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76338.","productDescription":"76 p.","numberOfPages":"77","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112974,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0338/report.pdf","size":"2928","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147541,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0338/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684c34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gates, Joseph Spencer","contributorId":108089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"Spencer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Donald Edward","contributorId":84731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10758,"text":"ofr76393 - 1976 - Statistical analysis of water-level, springflow, and streamflow data for the Edwards Aquifer in south-central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T16:31:05","indexId":"ofr76393","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-393","title":"Statistical analysis of water-level, springflow, and streamflow data for the Edwards Aquifer in south-central Texas","docAbstract":"Water-level, springflow, and streamflow data were used to develop simple and multiple linear-regression equations for use in estimating water levels in wells and the flow of three major springs in the Edwards aquifer in the eastern San Antonio area. The equations provide daily, monthly, and annual estimates that compare very favorably with observed data. Analyses of geologic and hydrologic data indicate that the water discharged by the major springs is supplied primarily by regional underflow from the west and southwest and by local recharge in the infiltration area in northern Bexar, Comal, and Hays Counties.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr76393","collaboration":"Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Edwards Underground Water District, the Texas Water Development Board, and the city of San Antonio","usgsCitation":"Puente, C., 1976, Statistical analysis of water-level, springflow, and streamflow data for the Edwards Aquifer in south-central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-393, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76393.","productDescription":"58 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":143382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0393/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":92271,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0393/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.0,29.0 ], [ -99.0,30.5 ], [ -97.75,30.5 ], [ -97.75,29.0 ], [ -99.0,29.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ea9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puente, Celso","contributorId":36140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puente","given":"Celso","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10288,"text":"ofr76594 - 1976 - Basic data on urban storm-water quality, Portland, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-08T08:52:21","indexId":"ofr76594","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-594","title":"Basic data on urban storm-water quality, Portland, Oregon","docAbstract":"To assess urban storm-water-quality characteristics in the metropolitan area of Portland, Oreg., seven drainage basins were selected with varying drainage areas, basin slopes, impervious areas, land uses, and active construction areas. Automatic water-quality samplers, rain gages, and stream gages were installed in each basin. From September 1, 1975, to may 1, 1976, data were collected to determine rainfall intensities and define discharge hydrographs. Almost 500 samples from the seven basins were analyzed to describe pollutographs for at least four complete storms on each of the basins. In addition to the storm samples, several base-flow samples were collected and analyzed for each site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/ofr76594","usgsCitation":"McKenzie, S.W., and Miller, T.L., 1976, Basic data on urban storm-water quality, Portland, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-594, iv, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76594.","productDescription":"iv, 71 p.","numberOfPages":"80","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":143412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr76594.jpg"},{"id":324854,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0594/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Portland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.84500122070311,\n 45.35407536661815\n ],\n [\n -122.84500122070311,\n 45.54675503088241\n ],\n [\n -122.46597290039062,\n 45.54675503088241\n ],\n [\n -122.46597290039062,\n 45.35407536661815\n ],\n [\n -122.84500122070311,\n 45.35407536661815\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640c40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenzie, Stuart W.","contributorId":27841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Timothy L.","contributorId":9263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26135,"text":"wri76109 - 1976 - Magnitude and frequency of floods in Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T11:24:18","indexId":"wri76109","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-109","title":"Magnitude and frequency of floods in Nebraska","docAbstract":"Estimates of flood characteristics with recurrence intervals up to 100 years can be obtained at most sites in Nebraska by use of techniques presented in this report. Instructions, equations, and graphs are presented to aid the design engineer in estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods.
\nFor natural-flow streams, the estimating equations and graphical solutions are based on regional relations between floods of a specific return period and selected basin characteristics. Nebraska was subdivided into five hydrologic regions by means of regressions and residuals from the regressions. The boundaries of Regions 1 and 2 were determined to a great extent by differences in soil type. The divisions between Region 2 and Region 4 were also determined by differences in soil type. Boundaries of Region 3 and Region 5 are along or near basin divides.
\nFlood magnitude and frequency solution diagrams are presented for major controlled streams such as the North Platte, South Platte, Platte, and Republican Rivers. Flood information on small controlled streams is limited to available station data.
\nFlood characteristics are tabulated for 303 gaging stations having 13 or more years of record. These flood characteristics provide the best information on floods at these gaged sites.
\nObserved maximum flood peaks at 303 gaging stations with 13 or more years of record and significant peaks at 57 short-term stations and 31 miscellaneous sites are useful in designing flood-control works for maximum safety from flood damage. Comparison is made with maximum observed floods in the United States.
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Redbank Creek basins, northwestern Pennsylvania: an interim report","docAbstract":"This report presents basic hydrologic data collected for part of a water-resources study and supplements an interpretive report which will be published separately. The report summarizes discharge data from 140 stream collection sites, contains tables of about 800 chemical analyses from 164 stream sites and 107 analyses from 91 abandoned flowing oil and gas wells including concentrations of major ions and trace metals. A table shows results of collections of macroinvertebrates at 136 stream sites. Seven flow duration curves are also presented.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76445","usgsCitation":"Koester, H.E., and Lescinsky, J.B., 1976, Selected hydrologic data, Clarion River and Redbank Creek basins, northwestern Pennsylvania: an interim report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-445, iii, 164 p. :ill., 1 fold. map (in pocket) ;28 cm.; (59 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:125,000 - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76445.","productDescription":"iii, 164 p. :ill., 1 fold. map (in pocket) ;28 cm.; (59 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:125,000 - PGS)","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0445/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37665,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0445/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37666,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0445/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"25000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699f84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koester, Harry E.","contributorId":96259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koester","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lescinsky, Joseph B.","contributorId":53377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lescinsky","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":56336,"text":"wdrCT751 - 1976 - Water resources data for Connecticut, water year 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-30T19:11:02.830757","indexId":"wdrCT751","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"CT-75-1","title":"Water resources data for Connecticut, water year 1975","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1975 water year for Connecticut consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; contents and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 56 gaging stations; tidal volume for 1 gaging station; stage only records for 3 tidal-gaging stations; contents for 36 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 16 gaging stations, 39 partial-record flow stations, 3 lakes, 2 tidal stations, and 4 wells; and water levels for 27 observation wells. Also included are data for 65 crest-stage partial-record stations and 55 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. Locations of hydrologic stations are shown on figures 1 and 2. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Connecticut.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrCT751","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Connecticut and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Water resources data for Connecticut, water year 1975: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report CT-75-1, xv, 366 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrCT751.","productDescription":"xv, 366 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409882,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1975/ct-75-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":184213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1975/ct-75-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f7430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9009,"text":"ofr7622 - 1976 - Data for calibrating unsteady-flow sediment-transport models, East Fork River, Wyoming, 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T16:27:10","indexId":"ofr7622","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-22","title":"Data for calibrating unsteady-flow sediment-transport models, East Fork River, Wyoming, 1975","docAbstract":"In 1975, data to calibrate a one-dimensional unsteady-flow and sediment-transport routing model were collected on a reach of the East Fork River of western Wyoming. The reach, 3.1 miles (5 kilometers) in length, wan immediately upstream from a previously established bedload sampling station. Nineteen channel cross sections were sounded at regular intervals during the spring-runoff period. Four stage recorders provided continuous records of water-surface elevations. Samples of bed material at most of the cross sections were obtained prior to high water. Streamflow and sediment-discharge measurements were collected at four of the sections.
The physiography and hydrology of the contributing watershed, the study reach, and the equipment and techniques used in data collection are described briefly. The bulk of the report is a presentation of data for the several-week period of late May to early June 1975, for which concurrent water discharge data, bedload transport and size data, and cross-section depth measurements were collected. In addition, some data collected in 1973 and 1974 and before and after the calibration period in 1975 are included for completeness.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr7622","usgsCitation":"Mahoney, H.A., Andrews, E.D., Emmett, W.W., Leopold, L.B., Meade, R.H., Myrick, R.M., and Nordin, C.F., 1976, Data for calibrating unsteady-flow sediment-transport models, East Fork River, Wyoming, 1975: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-22, ix, 293 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7622.","productDescription":"ix, 293 p.","numberOfPages":"309","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0022/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36646,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0022/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"East Fork River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9bb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahoney, Holly A.","contributorId":39781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahoney","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, Edmund D. eandrews@usgs.gov","contributorId":3828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Edmund","email":"eandrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":158749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emmett, William W.","contributorId":68715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmett","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meade, Robert H. 0000-0002-4965-3040 rhmeade@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-3040","contributorId":2744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meade","given":"Robert","email":"rhmeade@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":158754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Myrick, Robert M.","contributorId":24345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myrick","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nordin, Carl F.","contributorId":68297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordin","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":8484,"text":"ofr76704 - 1976 - Low-flow characteristics of streams on the Kitsap Peninsula and selected adjacent islands, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:14","indexId":"ofr76704","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-704","title":"Low-flow characteristics of streams on the Kitsap Peninsula and selected adjacent islands, Washington","docAbstract":"Low-flow-frequency data are tabulated for 90 streamflow sites on the Kitsap Peninsula and adjacent islands, Washington. Also listed are data for 56 additional sites which have insufficient measurements for frequency analysis but which have been observed having no flow at least once during the low-flow period. The streams drain relatively small basins; only three streams have drainage areas greater than 20.0 square miles, and only nine other streams have drainage areas greater than 10.0 square miles. Mean annual precipitation during the period 1931-60 ranged from about 25 inches near Hansville to about 70 inches near Tahuya. Low-flow-frequency curves plotted from records of streamflow at eight long-term gaging stations were used to determine data for low-flow durations of 7, 30, 60, 90, and 183 days. Regression techniques then were used to estimate low flows with frequencies up to 20 years for stations with less than 10 years of record and for miscellaneous sites where discharge measurements have been made. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr76704","usgsCitation":"Cummans, J., 1976, Low-flow characteristics of streams on the Kitsap Peninsula and selected adjacent islands, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-704, 43 leaves in various foliations :ill., maps (1 fold.) ;29 cm.; (39 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000 - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76704.","productDescription":"43 leaves in various foliations :ill., maps (1 fold.) ;29 cm.; (39 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000 - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0704/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36056,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0704/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36057,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0704/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36058,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0704/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cummans, J. E.","contributorId":24767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummans","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4724,"text":"twri07C1 - 1976 - Finite difference model for aquifer simulation in two dimensions with results of numerical experiments","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":56027,"text":"ofr70211 - 1970 - A program to simulate and aquifer using alternating direction implicit-iterative procedure","indexId":"ofr70211","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"title":"A program to simulate and aquifer using alternating direction implicit-iterative procedure"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4724,"text":"twri07C1 - 1976 - Finite difference model for aquifer simulation in two dimensions with results of numerical experiments","indexId":"twri07C1","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Finite difference model for aquifer simulation in two dimensions with results of numerical experiments"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-05T15:32:12.694992","indexId":"twri07C1","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"07-C1","title":"Finite difference model for aquifer simulation in two dimensions with results of numerical experiments","docAbstract":"The model will simulate ground-water flow in an artesian aquifer, a water-table aquifer, or a combined artesian and water-table aquifer. The aquifer may be heterogeneous and anisotropic and have irregular boundaries. The source term in the flow equation may include well discharge, constant recharge, leakage from confining beds in which the effects of storage are considered, and evapotranspiration as a linear function of depth to water.
The theoretical development includes presentation of the appropriate flow equations and derivation of the finite-difference approximations (written for a variable grid). The documentation emphasizes the numerical techniques that can be used for solving the simultaneous equations and describes the results of numerical experiments using these techniques. Of the three numerical techniques available in the model, the strongly implicit procedure, in general, requires less computer time and has fewer numerical difficulties than do the iterative alternating direction implicit procedure and line successive overrelaxation (which includes a two-dimensional correction procedure to accelerate convergence).
The documentation includes a flow chart, program listing, an example simulation, and sections on designing an aquifer model and requirements for data input. It illustrates how model results can be presented on the line printer and pen plotters with a program that utilizes the graphical display software available from the Geological Survey Computer Center Division. In addition the model includes options for reading input data from a disk and writing intermediate results on a disk.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/twri07C1","issn":"0565-596X","usgsCitation":"Trescott, P.C., Pinder, G.F., and Larson, S.P., 1976, Finite difference model for aquifer simulation in two dimensions with results of numerical experiments (Revision -1976): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 07-C1, vi, 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri07C1.","productDescription":"vi, 116 p.","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384872,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri7-c1/html/pdf/TWRI_7-C1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri7-c1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Revision -1976","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f46b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trescott, Peter C.","contributorId":21533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trescott","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pinder, George Francis","contributorId":99964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinder","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"Francis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, S. P.","contributorId":34903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2688,"text":"wsp1798O - 1976 - Sediment characteristics of streams in the eastern Piedmont and western Coastal Plain regions of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T10:11:16","indexId":"wsp1798O","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1798","chapter":"O","title":"Sediment characteristics of streams in the eastern Piedmont and western Coastal Plain regions of North Carolina","docAbstract":"The sediment-transport characteristics of streams were determined in a 15,500-square-kilometre (6,000-square-mile) area of the Coastal Plain and Piedmont regions of eastern North Carolina during 1969-73. The study covered all or parts of 21 counties and included data for 28 sediment-sampling stations in parts of 4 major river basins?the Roanoke, Pamlico, Neuse, and Cape Fear. Annual suspended-sediment yields ranged from 117 to 4.2 tonnes per square kilometre (333 to 12 tons per square mile). Streams in the Piedmont region have the highest yields. Suspended-sediment yield decreases in an eastward direction from the Piedmont to the Coastal Plain region.\r\n\r\nSediment characteristics are directly affected by topography, storm runoff, geology, land use, and man-made detention structures. At one sampling station in the 1973 water year 44 percent of the suspended sediment tonnage was transported during 34 days of high flow. In the Piedmont region, sediment yields vary indirectly with the percentage of forest cover in the basin, but there appears to be no definite relationship between forest cover and sediment yield in the Coastal Plain region. Large lakes act as sediment-detention reservoirs. Average annual sediment yields ranged from 34 to 117 tonnes per square kilometre (98 to 333 tons per square mile) for 3 headwater streams which flow into Hyco Lake in Person County; however, the yield for the station less than 3.2 kilometres (2 miles) downstream from Hyco Dam was about 4.2 tonnes per square kilometre (12 tons per square mile).\r\n\r\nMost suspended sediment during floods in Piedmont streams ranges in size from sand to silt, whereas the suspended material in flooding streams in the Coastal Plain is generally clay size.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/wsp1798O","usgsCitation":"Simmons, C.E., 1976, Sediment characteristics of streams in the eastern Piedmont and western Coastal Plain regions of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1798, vi, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1798O.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1798o/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29045,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1798o/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.92529296875,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -77.178955078125,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -77.178955078125,\n 36.55377524336089\n ],\n [\n -80.92529296875,\n 36.55377524336089\n ],\n [\n -80.92529296875,\n 35.24561909420681\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a136","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simmons, Clyde E.","contributorId":71528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Clyde","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30476,"text":"wri76120 - 1976 - Application of the U.S. Geological Survey rainfall-runoff simulation model to improve flood-frequency estimates on small Tennessee streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri76120","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-120","title":"Application of the U.S. Geological Survey rainfall-runoff simulation model to improve flood-frequency estimates on small Tennessee streams","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey rainfall-runoff simulation model was used in conjunction with National Weather Service climatological data to improve flood-frequency estimates for 52 small drainage basins in Tennessee. The basins range in size from 0.17 to 64 square miles (0.44 to 166 square kilometers) and are distributed throughout the State. Model parameters were determined by calibration with observed data from each site. Average error of peak discharge simulation was about 36 percent. Techniques used in screening data for calibration as well as those used to optimize parameter values are discussed. A scheme developed to assess the relative accuracy of the frequency curves based on observed and simulated data indicated that the simulated data are equivalent to nine years of observed data in defining 2-year floods, and fifteen years in defining 100-year floods. Discharges corresponding to the best estimate of flows for selected recurrence intervals are tabulated for each modeled basin. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri76120","usgsCitation":"Wibben, H.C., 1976, Application of the U.S. Geological Survey rainfall-runoff simulation model to improve flood-frequency estimates on small Tennessee streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-120, v, 53 p. :ill. ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri76120.","productDescription":"v, 53 p. :ill. ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2409,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri76-0120","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":124196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_76_120.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a6cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wibben, Herman C.","contributorId":95926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wibben","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28776,"text":"wri7610 - 1976 - Geohydrology of the Anza-Terwilliger area, Riverside County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-29T15:24:02","indexId":"wri7610","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-10","title":"Geohydrology of the Anza-Terwilliger area, Riverside County, California","docAbstract":"The Anza-Terwilliger area consists of about 96 square miles (24-9 square kilometres) in the upper parts of the Santa Margarita River and Coyote Creek drainage basins in Riverside County, Calif., about 90 miles (145 kilometres) southeast of Los Angeles. This report deals with geology, steady state and transient state of ground water, net depletion of ground water, surface-water flow, precipitation, chemistry of water, land and water use, and gravity data for the Anza-Terwilliger area. The data indicate that the rate of ground-water depletion ha's accelerated since 1950. Pumping depressions adjacent to the Cahuilla Indian Reservation have increased the hydraulic gradient and are.causing water beneath the reservation to flow toward these depressions. Total depletion of ground water since 1950 is about 14,000 acre-feet (17.3 cubic hectometres). Chemical analyses indicate that the ground water in local areas contains concentrations of nitrate above that recommended by the Environmental Protection Agency for human consumption.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/wri7610","usgsCitation":"Moyle, W.R., 1976, Geohydrology of the Anza-Terwilliger area, Riverside County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-10, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7610.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri7610.PNG"},{"id":329144,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Riverside County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.83685302734375,\n 33.456651301881855\n ],\n [\n -116.83685302734375,\n 33.601466321878846\n ],\n [\n -116.51550292968749,\n 33.601466321878846\n ],\n [\n -116.51550292968749,\n 33.456651301881855\n ],\n [\n -116.83685302734375,\n 33.456651301881855\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a89fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyle, W. R. Jr.","contributorId":85938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyle","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}