A method was developed to characterize ecological integrity of riparian sites based on the abundance of hydric species. This wetland index can be calculated with species data, or with community type data as performed here. Classified riparian community types were used to describe vegetation at 14 livestock exclosures and adjacent grazed areas. Community type wetland index values were generated and used to calculate site wetland index values. It was hypothesized that removal of livestock would result in higher wetland index values because of release from herbivory and decreased physical disturbance of vegetation, streambanks, and soil. The wetland index for exclosures was about 12% higher than grazed sites; differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01) based on paired t-tests. The increase in hydric vegetation after livestock exclusion may have contributed to the greater bank stability (p = 0.002) and smaller width-to-depth ratio (p = 0.005) in exclosures. Challenges were encountered in using community types to describe and compare site vegetation, which could be avoided with species data collection. The wetland index can be a tool to monitor sites over time, compare sites with similar environments, or compare sites for which environmental differences can be accounted.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00058.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Coles-Ritchie, M.C., Roberts, D., Kershner, J.L., and Henderson, R., 2007, Use of a wetland index to evaluate changes in riparian vegetation after livestock exclusion: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 3, p. 731-743, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00058.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"731","endPage":"743","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477244,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00058.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211597,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00058.x"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbea3e4b08c986b3296d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coles-Ritchie, M. C.","contributorId":40418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles-Ritchie","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, D.W.","contributorId":11828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kershner, J. L.","contributorId":100322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henderson, R.C.","contributorId":58986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031107,"text":"70031107 - 2007 - Revised landsat-5 thematic mapper radiometric calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T13:23:14","indexId":"70031107","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1940,"text":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revised landsat-5 thematic mapper radiometric calibration","docAbstract":"Effective April 2, 2007, the radiometric calibration of Landsat-5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM) data that are processed and distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) will be updated. The lifetime gain model that was implemented on May 5, 2003, for the reflective bands (1-5, 7) will be replaced by a new lifetime radiometric-calibration curve that is derived from the instrument's response to pseudoinvariant desert sites and from cross calibration with the Landsat-7 (L7) Enhanced TM Plus (ETM+). Although this calibration update applies to all archived and future L5 TM data, the principal improvements in the calibration are for the data acquired during the first eight years of the mission (1984-1991), where the changes in the instrument-gain values are as much as 15%. The radiometric scaling coefficients for bands 1 and 2 for approximately the first eight years of the mission have also been changed. Users will need to apply these new coefficients to convert the calibrated data product digital numbers to radiance. The scaling coefficients for the other bands have not changed.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/LGRS.2007.898285","issn":"1545598X","usgsCitation":"Chander, G., Markham, B.L., and Barsi, J., 2007, Revised landsat-5 thematic mapper radiometric calibration: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, v. 4, no. 3, p. 490-494, https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2007.898285.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"490","endPage":"494","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211568,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2007.898285"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aacc4e4b0c8380cd86dc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markham, B. L.","contributorId":88872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markham","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barsi, J. A.","contributorId":24085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barsi","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031103,"text":"70031103 - 2007 - Differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, on Pinus palustris and Pinus taeda","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031103","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, on Pinus palustris and Pinus taeda","docAbstract":"Patterns of host use by herbivore pests can have serious consequences for natural and managed ecosystems but are often poorly understood. Here, we provide the first quantification of large differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, on loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., and longleaf pine, Pinus palustris P. Mill., and evaluate putative mechanisms for the disparity. Spatially extensive survey data from recent epidemics indicate that, per square kilometre, stands of loblolly versus longleaf pine in four forests (380-1273 km2) sustained 3-18 times more local infestations and 3-116 times more tree mortality. Differences were not attributable to size or age structure of pine stands. Using pheromone-baited traps, we found no differences in the abundance of dispersing D. frontalis or its predator Thanasimus dubius Fabricius between loblolly and longleaf stands. Trapping triggered numerous attacks on trees, but the pine species did not differ in the probability of attack initiation or in the surface area of bark attacked by growing aggregations. We found no evidence for postaggregation mechanisms of discrimination or differential success on the two hosts, suggesting that early colonizers discriminate between host species before a pheromone plume is present. ?? 2007 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/X07-008","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Friedenberg, N., Whited, B., Slone, D., Martinson, S., and Ayres, M., 2007, Differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, on Pinus palustris and Pinus taeda: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 37, no. 8, p. 1427-1437, https://doi.org/10.1139/X07-008.","startPage":"1427","endPage":"1437","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211485,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X07-008"},{"id":238781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00fbe4b0c8380cd4fa1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedenberg, N.A.","contributorId":51092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedenberg","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whited, B.M.","contributorId":40799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whited","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slone, D. H. 0000-0002-9903-9727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9903-9727","contributorId":33040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slone","given":"D. H.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martinson, S.J.","contributorId":28802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinson","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ayres, M.P.","contributorId":63608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayres","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031101,"text":"70031101 - 2007 - An analytical model of the mechanical properties of bulk coal under confined stress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031101","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1709,"text":"Fuel","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analytical model of the mechanical properties of bulk coal under confined stress","docAbstract":"This paper presents the development of an analytical model which can be used to relate the structural parameters of coal to its mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio under a confined stress condition. This model is developed primarily to support process modeling of coalbed methane (CBM) or CO2-enhanced CBM (ECBM) recovery from coal seam. It applied an innovative approach by which stresses acting on and strains occurring in coal are successively combined in rectangular coordinates, leading to the aggregated mechanical constants. These mechanical properties represent important information for improving CBM/ECBM simulations and incorporating within these considerations of directional permeability. The model, consisting of constitutive equations which implement a mechanically consistent stress-strains correlation, can be used as a generalized tool to study the mechanical and fluid behaviors of coal composites. An example using the model to predict the stress-strain correlation of coal under triaxial confined stress by accounting for the elastic and brittle (non-elastic) deformations is discussed. The result shows a good agreement between the prediction and the experimental measurement. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fuel","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2007.01.002","issn":"00162361","usgsCitation":"Wang, G., Wang, Z., Rudolph, V., Massarotto, P., and Finley, R., 2007, An analytical model of the mechanical properties of bulk coal under confined stress: Fuel, v. 86, no. 12-13, p. 1873-1884, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.01.002.","startPage":"1873","endPage":"1884","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211455,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.01.002"}],"volume":"86","issue":"12-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9f9e4b0c8380cd48576","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, G.X.","contributorId":36748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"G.X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Z.T.","contributorId":25354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rudolph, V.","contributorId":10220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudolph","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Massarotto, P.","contributorId":40416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massarotto","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finley, R.J.","contributorId":70984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031100,"text":"70031100 - 2007 - Genotypes and phylogeographical relationships of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-18T09:38:02","indexId":"70031100","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genotypes and phylogeographical relationships of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in California, USA","docAbstract":"Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) contains 3 major genogroups in North America with discreet geographic ranges designated as upper (U), middle (M), and lower (L). A comprehensive genotyping of 237 IHNV isolates from hatchery and wild salmonids in California revealed 25 different sequence types (a to y) all in the L genogroup; specifically, the genogroup contained 14 sequence types that were unique to individual isolates as well as 11 sequence types representing 2 or more identical isolates. The most evident trend was the phylogenetic and geographical division of the L genogroup into 2 distinct subgroups designated as LI and LII. Isolates within Subgroup LI were primarily found within waterways linked to southern Oregon and northern California coastal rivers. Isolates in Subgroup LII were concentrated within inland valley watersheds that included the Sacramento River, San Joaquin River, and their tributaries. The temporal and spatial patterns of virus occurrence suggested that infections among adult Chinook salmon in the hatchery or that spawn in the river are a major source of virus potentially infecting other migrating or resident salmonids in California. Serum neutralization results of the California isolates of IHNV corroborated a temporal trend of sequence divergence; specifically, 2 progressive shifts in which more recent virus isolates represent new serotypes. A comparison of the estimates of divergence rates for Subgroup LI (1 ?? ICT5 mutations per nucleotide site per year) indicated stasis similar to that observed in the U genogroup, while the Subgroup LII rate (1 ?? 10 3 mutations per nucleotide site per year) suggested a more active evolution similar to that of the M genogroup. ?? Inter-Research 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","publisherLocation":"Oldendorf, Germany","doi":"10.3354/dao01811","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Kelley, G., Bendorf, C., Yun, S., Kurath, G., and Hedrick, R., 2007, Genotypes and phylogeographical relationships of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in California, USA: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 77, no. 1, p. 29-40, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao01811.","startPage":"29","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487662,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao01811","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211428,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao01811"},{"id":238714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1594e4b0c8380cd54ea2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelley, G.O.","contributorId":47156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"G.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bendorf, C.M.","contributorId":41215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bendorf","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yun, S.C.","contributorId":69778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yun","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":100522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hedrick, R.P.","contributorId":76431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedrick","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031098,"text":"70031098 - 2007 - The impact of metabolic state on Cd adsorption onto bacterial cells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-26T12:12:39.543916","indexId":"70031098","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1751,"text":"Geobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impact of metabolic state on Cd adsorption onto bacterial cells","docAbstract":"This study examines the effect of bacterial metabolism on the adsorption of Cd onto Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cells. Metabolically active Gram-positive cells adsorbed significantly less Cd than non-metabolizing cells. Gram-negative cells, however, showed no systematic difference in Cd adsorption between metabolizing and non-metabolizing cells. The effect of metabolism on Cd adsorption to Gram-positive cells was likely due to an influx of protons in and around the cell wall from the metabolic proton motive force, promoting competition between Cd and protons for adsorption sites on the cell wall. The relative lack of a metabolic effect on Cd adsorption onto Gram-negative compared to Gram-positive cells suggests that Cd binding in Gram-negative cells is focused in a region of the cell wall that is not reached, or is unaffected by this proton flux. Thermodynamic modeling was used to estimate that proton pumping causes the pH in the cell wall of metabolizing Gram-positive bacteria to decrease from the bulk solution value of 7.0 to approximately 5.7.
Evaluation of the biases in sampling methodology is essential for understanding the limitations of abundance and biomass estimates of fish populations. Estimates from surveys that rely solely on bottom trawls may be particularly vulnerable to bias if pelagic fish are numerous. We evaluated the variability in the vertical distribution of fish biomass during the U.S. Geological Survey's annual spring bottom trawl survey of Lake Superior using concurrent hydroacoustic observations to (1) test the assumption that fish are generally demersal during the day and (2) evaluate the potential for predictive models to improve bottom trawl–determined biomass estimates. Our results indicate that the assumption that fish exhibit demersal behavior during the annual spring bottom trawl survey in Lake Superior is unfounded. Bottom trawl biomass (BBT) estimates (mean ± SE) for species known to exhibit pelagic behavior (cisco Coregonus artedi, bloater C. hoyi, kiyi C. kiyi, and rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax; 3.01 ± 0.73 kg/ha) were not significantly greater than mean acoustic pelagic zone biomass (BAPZ) estimates (6.39 ± 2.03 kg/ha). Mean BAPZ estimates were 1.6- to 4.8-fold greater than mean BBT estimates over 4 years of sampling. The relationship between concurrent BAPZ and BBT estimates was marginally significant and highly variable. Predicted BAPZ estimates using cross-validation models were sensitive to adjustments for back-transforming from the logarithmic to the linear scale and poorly corresponded to observed BAPZ estimates. We conclude that statistical models to predict BAPZ from day BBT cannot be developed. We propose that night sampling with multiple gears will be necessary to generate better biomass estimates for management needs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M06-116.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Stockwell, J., Yule, D., Hrabik, T., Adams, J., Gorman, O.T., and Holbrook, B., 2007, Vertical distribution of fish biomass in Lake Superior: Implications for day bottom trawl surveys: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 3, p. 735-749, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-116.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"735","endPage":"749","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211704,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-116.1"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc234e4b08c986b32a9c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stockwell, J.D.","contributorId":19678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockwell","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yule, D.L.","contributorId":78853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hrabik, T.R.","contributorId":95250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hrabik","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, J.V.","contributorId":94069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gorman, O. T.","contributorId":104605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holbrook, B.V.","contributorId":43957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"B.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031084,"text":"70031084 - 2007 - Water table fluctuations under three riparian land covers, Iowa (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70031084","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water table fluctuations under three riparian land covers, Iowa (USA)","docAbstract":"Water table depth is known to play an important role in nitrogen cycling in riparian zones, but little detailed monitoring of water table fluctuations has been reported. In this study, results of high-resolution water table monitoring under three common riparian land covers (forest, cool season grass, corn) were analysed to gain a better understanding of the relation of vegetation cover to water table depth. Three riparian wells located at the Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge in Jasper County, Iowa, were instrumented with data loggers to record hourly water table behaviour from July to December 2004. Water table depth under the forest showed a diurnal pattern of rising and falling water levels, whereas the grass and corn exhibited a stepped pattern of greater drawdown during the day and less drainage at night. Clear daytime and night-time water table signals were related to daily plant water demands and lateral groundwater flow. Using two estimates of specific yield, hourly and daily ET rates were estimated to be higher under the forest cover than the grass and corn, with peak ET rates in July ranging from 5.02 to 6.32 mm day-1 for forest and from 1.81 to 4.13 mm day-1 for corn and grass. Following plant senescence in October, water table declines were associated with lateral flow to Walnut Creek. The results from this study suggest that consideration should be given to monitoring water table behaviour more frequently to capture daily and seasonal patterns related to riparian vegetation type. Copyright ?? 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6393","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K.E., 2007, Water table fluctuations under three riparian land covers, Iowa (USA): Hydrological Processes, v. 21, no. 18, p. 2415-2424, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6393.","startPage":"2415","endPage":"2424","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211674,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6393"}],"volume":"21","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcc8ce4b08c986b32dbdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031073,"text":"70031073 - 2007 - Keeping pace with Capitol Hill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031073","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Keeping pace with Capitol Hill","docAbstract":"At the Capitol Hill, the legislative branch of the United States government, the work is always at pace. Working with Congress is a tough job yet, rewarding. The Congress worked hard together to serve the public interest but many big issues are one small part of what Congress does. However, many US news media do not report what the government does instead, the media report what the government argues about. The media reports the conflicts but story is always incomplete. In order for the people know what is happening to the government, contact the congressional representative to know the complete story.","largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/1052-5173(2007)17[12:CSFR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Cooper, C., 2007, Keeping pace with Capitol Hill, in GSA Today, v. 17, no. 8, https://doi.org/10.1130/1052-5173(2007)17[12:CSFR]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211542,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/1052-5173(2007)17[12:CSFR]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":238844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a406ce4b0c8380cd64d51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooper, C.","contributorId":98537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031070,"text":"70031070 - 2007 - Mercury accumulation in periphyton of eight river ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031070","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury accumulation in periphyton of eight river ecosystems","docAbstract":"In 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency studied total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in periphyton at eight rivers in the United States in coordination with a larger USGS study on mercury cycling in rivers. Periphyton samples were collected using trace element clean techniques and NAWQA sampling protocols in spring and fall from targeted habitats (streambed surface-sediment, cobble, or woody snags) at each river site. A positive correlation was observed between concentrations of THg and MeHg in periphyton (r2 = 0.88, in log-log space). Mean MeHg and THg concentrations in surface-sediment periphyton were significantly higher (1,333 ng/m2 for MeHg and 53,980 ng/m2 for THg) than cobble (64 ng/m2 for MeHg and 1,192 ng/m2 for THg) or woody snag (71 ng/m2 for MeHg and 1,089 ng/m2 for THg) periphyton. Concentrations of THg in surface-sediment periphyton had a strong positive correlation with concentrations of THg in sediment (dry weight). The ratio of MeHg:THg in surface-sediment periphyton increased with the ratio of MeHg:THg in sediment. These data suggest periphyton may play a key role in mercury bioaccumulation in river ecosystems. ?? 2007 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00078.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Bell, A., and Scudder, B.C., 2007, Mercury accumulation in periphyton of eight river ecosystems: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 4, p. 957-968, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00078.x.","startPage":"957","endPage":"968","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211513,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00078.x"},{"id":238812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a53d0e4b0c8380cd6cd1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, A.H.","contributorId":90933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scudder, B. C.","contributorId":71588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scudder","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031067,"text":"70031067 - 2007 - Post-middle Miocene origin of modern landforms in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:45:38","indexId":"70031067","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3481,"text":"Stratigraphy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-middle Miocene origin of modern landforms in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia","docAbstract":"Diverse late middle Miocene dinoflagellate floras, obtained from two sites along the western edge of the Atlantic Coastal Plain in central Virginia, indicate that the eastern Virginia Piedmont was covered by marine waters about 12-13 Ma. This transgression extended farther westward across the Virginia Piedmont than any other transgression that has been documented. Extensive fluvial deposits that may be associated with this transgression covered earlier stream patterns in the eastern Piedmont and buried them beneath a thin (probably less than 100 foot-thick) veneer of sand and gravel. During the subsequent regression, a linear down-slope stream-drainage pattern developed. Although it has been somewhat modified by later stream captures, it still is easily recognizable. This interval of marine inundation and deposition explains why modern stream patterns in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia strongly resemble the stream patterns in the Coastal Plain and differ from the structurally adjusted trellis stream patterns typical of the western Piedmont, Blue Ridge, and Valley and Ridge regions. Uplift of the modern Southern Appalachian Mountains began at the time of this transgression and was largely completed by the late Pliocene.","language":"English","issn":"00262803","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., and Edwards, L.E., 2007, Post-middle Miocene origin of modern landforms in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia: Stratigraphy, v. 4, no. 1, p. 35-48.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.4521484375,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -75.849609375,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -76.0693359375,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -76.6845703125,\n 38.85682013474361\n ],\n [\n -77.87109375,\n 39.33429742980725\n ],\n [\n -78.2666015625,\n 39.26628442213066\n ],\n [\n -79.365234375,\n 38.54816542304656\n ],\n [\n -80.2001953125,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -81.5625,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -81.9580078125,\n 37.47485808497102\n ],\n [\n -83.4521484375,\n 36.66841891894786\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e6ae4b0c8380cd7a522","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031053,"text":"70031053 - 2007 - Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70031053","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1201,"text":"Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006","docAbstract":"Every three years the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements revises tables giving the directions of the poles of rotation and the prime meridians of the planets, satellites, minor planets, and comets. This report introduces improved values for the pole and rotation rate of Pluto, Charon, and Phoebe, the pole of Jupiter, the sizes and shapes of Saturn satellites and Charon, and the poles, rotation rates, and sizes of some minor planets and comets. A high precision realization for the pole and rotation rate of the Moon is provided. The expression for the Sun's rotation has been changed to be consistent with the planets and to account for light travel time ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y","issn":"09232958","usgsCitation":"Seidelmann, P., Archinal, B., A’Hearn, M.F., Conrad, A., Consolmagno, G., Hestroffer, D., Hilton, J., Krasinsky, G., Neumann, G., Oberst, J., Stooke, P., Tedesco, E., Tholen, D., Thomas, P., and Williams, I., 2007, Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006: Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, v. 98, no. 3, p. 155-180, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y.","startPage":"155","endPage":"180","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477207,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211701,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y"},{"id":239043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa7c3e4b0c8380cd855b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seidelmann, P.K.","contributorId":45529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seidelmann","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archinal, B.A.","contributorId":17744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archinal","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"A’Hearn, M. F.","contributorId":78895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"A’Hearn","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conrad, A.","contributorId":86985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrad","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Consolmagno, G.J.","contributorId":30056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Consolmagno","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hestroffer, D.","contributorId":69375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hestroffer","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hilton, J.L.","contributorId":56053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilton","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krasinsky, G.A.","contributorId":28813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krasinsky","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Neumann, G.","contributorId":82935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neumann","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Oberst, J.","contributorId":103427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberst","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stooke, P.","contributorId":95281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stooke","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tedesco, E.F.","contributorId":86650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tedesco","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Tholen, D.J.","contributorId":20173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tholen","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Thomas, P.C.","contributorId":32690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Williams, I.P.","contributorId":35137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"I.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70031051,"text":"70031051 - 2007 - Climate variability controls on unsaturated water and chemical movement, High Plains aquifer, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-28T11:47:45.07131","indexId":"70031051","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate variability controls on unsaturated water and chemical movement, High Plains aquifer, USA","docAbstract":"Responses in the vadose zone and groundwater to interannual, interdecadal, and multidecadal climate variability have important implications for groundwater resource sustainability, yet they are poorly documented and not well understood in most aquifers of the USA. This investigation systematically examines the role of interannual to multidecadal climate variability on groundwater levels, deep infiltration (3–23 m) events, and downward displacement (>1 m) of chloride and nitrate reservoirs in thick (15–50 m) vadose zones across the regionally extensive High Plains aquifer. Such vadose zone responses are unexpected across much of the aquifer given a priori that unsaturated total-potential profiles indicate upward water movement from the water table toward the root zone, mean annual potential evapotranspiration exceeds mean annual precipitation, and millennia-scale evapoconcentration results in substantial vadose zone chloride and nitrate reservoirs. Using singular spectrum analysis (SSA) to reconstruct precipitation and groundwater level time-series components, variability was identified in all time series as partially coincident with known climate cycles, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) (10–25 yr) and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (2–6 yr). Using these lag-correlated hydrologic time series, a new method is demonstrated to estimate climate-varying unsaturated water flux. The results suggest the importance of interannual to interdecadal climate variability on water-flux estimation in thick vadose zones and provide better understanding of the climate-induced transients responsible for the observed deep infiltration and chemical-mobilization events. Based on these results, we discuss implications for climate-related sustainability of the High Plains aquifer.
Field emissivity measurements were made of leaves collected from nine deciduous tree and agricultural plant species. The data show, for the first time, that it is possible to discriminate subtle spectral emissivity features of leaves from the natural background emission. Under conditions of controlled measurement geometry (leaves arranged to cover a flat surface), the field emissivity spectra agreed fairly well with emissivity values calculated from laboratory directional hemispherical reflectance measurements. Spectral features associated with a variety of leaf chemical constituents, including cellulose, cutin, xylan, silica, and oleanolic acid could be identified in the field emissivity data. Structural aspects of leaf surfaces also influenced spectral behavior, notably the abundance of trichomes, as well as wax thickness and texture.
\nField spectral measurements made at increasing distances from natural plant canopies showed progressive attenuation of the spectral emissivity features. This attenuation is ascribed to increased multiple scattering that superimposes an opposite-in-sign reflected component on the emittance, and to the increasing number of canopy voids within the instrument field of view. Errors associated with the removal of atmospheric features and with the non-isotropic thermal characteristics of canopies also contribute to the loss of spectral information at greater measurement distances.
\nIn contrast to visible and short-wave infrared data, thermal infrared spectra of broad leaf plants show considerable spectral diversity, suggesting that such data eventually could be utilized to map vegetation composition. However, remotely measuring the subtle emissivity features of leaves still presents major challenges. To be successful, sensors operating in the 8–14 μm atmospheric window must have high signal-to-noise and a small enough instantaneous field of view to allow measurements of only a few leaf surfaces. Methods for atmospheric compensation, temperature–emissivity separation, and spectral feature analysis also will need to be refined to allow the recognition, and perhaps, exploitation of leaf thermal infrared spectral properties.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2007.01.008","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Ribeiro da Luz, B., and Crowley, J.K., 2007, Spectral reflectance and emissivity features of broad leaf plants: Prospects for remote sensing in the thermal infrared (8.0-14.0 μm): Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 109, no. 4, p. 393-405, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.01.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"393","endPage":"405","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211646,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.01.008"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Lovettsville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.71591186523438,\n 39.20246222588238\n ],\n [\n -77.71591186523438,\n 39.299236474818194\n ],\n [\n -77.55111694335938,\n 39.299236474818194\n ],\n [\n -77.55111694335938,\n 39.20246222588238\n ],\n [\n -77.71591186523438,\n 39.20246222588238\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9543e4b08c986b31ae38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribeiro da Luz, Beatriz bribeirodaluz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribeiro da Luz","given":"Beatriz","email":"bribeirodaluz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":429777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crowley, James K.","contributorId":10928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowley","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031047,"text":"70031047 - 2007 - Assessing functional equivalency of nekton habitat in enhanced habitats: Comparison of terraced and unterraced marsh ponds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T16:59:07.030422","indexId":"70031047","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing functional equivalency of nekton habitat in enhanced habitats: Comparison of terraced and unterraced marsh ponds","docAbstract":"A primary goal of many coastal restoration programs is to increase nekton habitat in terms of both quantity and quality. Using shallow water ponds rehabilitated with a technique called marsh terracing, we examined the quality of nekton habitat created, using and comparing several metrics including nekton density and diversity, functional group composition, and weight-length relationships as indirect measures of habitat quality. We examined three paired terraced and unterraced marsh ponds in southwest Louisiana. Nekton, submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), and soil and water quality variables were sampled bimonthly from April 2004 through April 2005 at four subtidal habitat types: terraced nearshore, terraced open water, unterraced nearshore, and unterraced open water. Results indicate that terraced ponds had increased the habitat value of degrading unterraced ponds over open water areas for estuarine nekton; nekton density and richness were similar between terraced and unterraced nearshore habitat types, but greater at all nearshore as compared to open water sites. Analysis of the distribution of nekton functional groups and weight:length ratios indicates the terraced and unterraced pond habitats were not functioning similarly: distribution of nekton functional groups differed significantly between habitat types with greater percentages of benthic-oriented species at unterraced open water habitats and higher percentage of open water species in terraced ponds as compared to unterraced ponds, and two of the six numerically dominant fish species had greater weight-length relationships in unterraced ponds as compared to terraced ponds. This lack of functional equivalency may be attributed to environmental differences between terraced and unterraced ponds such as water depth or SAV biomass, or the relatively young age of the terraces studied, which may not have allowed for the development of some critical habitat variables, such as soil organic matter that was found to be significantly lower in terraced versus unterraced ponds (p < 0.05). To properly assess the ecological equivalency of restored or rehabilitated sites for nekton requires that we move beyond measures of nekton density, biomass, and diversity and incorporate measures of functional equivalency, including habitat measures.
","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/BF03036518","usgsCitation":"La Peyre, M., Gossman, B., and Nyman, J., 2007, Assessing functional equivalency of nekton habitat in enhanced habitats: Comparison of terraced and unterraced marsh ponds: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 30, no. 3, p. 526-536, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03036518.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"526","endPage":"536","costCenters":[{"id":368,"text":"Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.80126953124999,\n 29.592565403314058\n ],\n [\n -92.04345703125,\n 29.592565403314058\n ],\n [\n -92.04345703125,\n 30.958768570779846\n ],\n [\n -93.66943359374999,\n 30.883369321692268\n ],\n [\n -93.80126953124999,\n 29.592565403314058\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edd5e4b0c8380cd49a33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"La Peyre, M.K. 0000-0001-9936-2252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":102239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gossman, B.","contributorId":47163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gossman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nyman, J.A.","contributorId":56835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nyman","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031041,"text":"70031041 - 2007 - Distribution of selected halogenated organic compounds among suspended particulate, colloid, and aqueous phases in the Mississippi River and major tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T09:00:55","indexId":"70031041","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of selected halogenated organic compounds among suspended particulate, colloid, and aqueous phases in the Mississippi River and major tributaries","docAbstract":"Suspended particulate, colloid, and aqueous phases were separated and analyzed to determine spatial variation of specific organic compound transport associated with each phase in a dynamic river system. Sixteen sites along the Mississippi River and its major tributaries were sampled at low-flow conditions to maximize the possibility of equilibrium. Across the solubility range studied, the proportion transported by each phase depended on the compound solubility, with more water-soluble compounds (dacthal, trifluralin) transported predominantly in the aqueous phase and less-water soluble compounds (polychlorinated biphenyls, chlordane-related compounds) transported predominantly in the particulate and colloid phases.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00244-005-0056-1","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C.E., and Daniel, S., 2007, Distribution of selected halogenated organic compounds among suspended particulate, colloid, and aqueous phases in the Mississippi River and major tributaries: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 53, no. 2, p. 151-158, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-005-0056-1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"158","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211511,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-005-0056-1"}],"country":"United States","volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a02fde4b0c8380cd502b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":429742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daniel, S.R.","contributorId":28379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031037,"text":"70031037 - 2007 - Nitrate in aquifers beneath agricultural systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031037","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Nitrate in aquifers beneath agricultural systems","docAbstract":"Research from several regions of the world provides spatially anecdotal evidence to hypothesize which hydrologic and agricultural factors contribute to groundwater vulnerability to nitrate contamination. Analysis of nationally consistent measurements from the U.S. Geological Survey's NAWQA program confirms these hypotheses for a substantial range of agricultural systems. Shallow unconfined aquifers are most susceptible to nitrate contamination associated with agricultural systems. Alluvial and other unconsolidated aquifers are the most vulnerable and also shallow carbonate aquifers that provide a substantial but smaller contamination risk. Where any of these aquifers are overlain by permeable soils the risk of contamination is larger. Irrigated systems can compound this vulnerability by increasing leaching facilitated by additional recharge and additional nutrient applications. The system of corn, soybean, and hogs produced significantly larger concentrations of groundwater nitrate than all other agricultural systems because this system imports the largest amount of N-fertilizer per unit production area. Mean nitrate under dairy, poultry, horticulture, and cattle and grains systems were similar. If trends in the relation between increased fertilizer use and groundwater nitrate in the United States are repeated in other regions of the world, Asia may experience increasing problems because of recent increases in fertilizer use. Groundwater monitoring in Western and Eastern Europe as well as Russia over the next decade may provide data to determine if the trend in increased nitrate contamination can be reversed. If the concentrated livestock trend in the United States is global, it may be accompanied by increasing nitrogen contamination in groundwater. Concentrated livestock provide both point sources in the confinement area and intense non-point sources as fields close to facilities are used for manure disposal. Regions where irrigated cropland is expanding, such as in Asia, may experience the greatest impact of this practice on groundwater nitrate. ?? USDA 2007.","largerWorkTitle":"Water Science and Technology","language":"English","doi":"10.2166/wst.2007.436","issn":"02731223","isbn":"1843395975; 9781843395973","usgsCitation":"Burkart, M.R., and Stoner, J., 2007, Nitrate in aquifers beneath agricultural systems, in Water Science and Technology, v. 56, no. 1, p. 59-69, https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.436.","startPage":"59","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211452,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.436"},{"id":238743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66a3e4b0c8380cd72ec2","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Tanik A.Ozturk I.Yazgan M.S.Heath R.","contributorId":128447,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Tanik A.Ozturk I.Yazgan M.S.Heath R.","id":536656,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Burkart, M. R.","contributorId":42190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkart","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoner, J.D.","contributorId":58261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoner","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031034,"text":"70031034 - 2007 - Elements of the iron and manganese cycles in Lake Baikal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031034","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1756,"text":"Geochemistry International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elements of the iron and manganese cycles in Lake Baikal","docAbstract":"Using data obtained in recent years, we considered the external mass balance and characteristics of internal iron and manganese cycles in Lake Baikal (biological uptake, remineralization, sedimentary and diffusive fluxes, accumulation in sediments, time of renewal, etc.). Some previous results and common concepts were critically reevaluated. ?? Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemistry International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1134/S0016702907090054","issn":"00167029","usgsCitation":"Granina, L., and Callender, E., 2007, Elements of the iron and manganese cycles in Lake Baikal: Geochemistry International, v. 45, no. 9, p. 918-925, https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016702907090054.","startPage":"918","endPage":"925","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0016702907090054"},{"id":238710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08c3e4b0c8380cd51c6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granina, L.Z.","contributorId":91678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granina","given":"L.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Callender, E.","contributorId":72528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callender","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031025,"text":"70031025 - 2007 - Multi-interferogram method for measuring interseismic deformation: Denali Fault, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T12:52:56","indexId":"70031025","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-interferogram method for measuring interseismic deformation: Denali Fault, Alaska","docAbstract":"Studies of interseismic strain accumulation are crucial to our understanding of continental deformation, the earthquake cycle and seismic hazard. By mapping small amounts of ground deformation over large spatial areas, InSAR has the potential to produce continental-scale maps of strain accumulation on active faults. However, most InSAR studies to date have focused on areas where the coherence is relatively good (e.g. California, Tibet and Turkey) and most analysis techniques (stacking, small baseline subset algorithm, permanent scatterers, etc.) only include information from pixels which are coherent throughout the time-span of the study. In some areas, such as Alaska, where the deformation rate is small and coherence very variable, it is necessary to include information from pixels which are coherent in some but not all interferograms. We use a three-stage iterative algorithm based on distributed scatterer interferometry. We validate our method using synthetic data created using realistic parameters from a test site on the Denali Fault, Alaska, and present a preliminary result of 10.5 ?? 5.0 mm yr-1 for the slip rate on the Denali Fault based on a single track of radar data from ERS1/2. ?? 2007 The Authors Journal compilation ?? 2007 RAS.
","largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Journals","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03415.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Biggs, J., Wright, T., Lu, Z., and Parsons, B., 2007, Multi-interferogram method for measuring interseismic deformation: Denali Fault, Alaska: Geophysical Journal International, v. 170, no. 3, p. 1165-1179, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03415.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1165","endPage":"1179","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211303,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03415.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.25,\n 62.431074232920906\n ],\n [\n -138.1640625,\n 62.431074232920906\n ],\n [\n -138.1640625,\n 67.47492238478702\n ],\n [\n -146.25,\n 67.47492238478702\n ],\n [\n -146.25,\n 62.431074232920906\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"170","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5fb4e4b0c8380cd710b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggs, Juliet","contributorId":99018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggs","given":"Juliet","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Tim","contributorId":35942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Tim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":429683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parsons, Barry","contributorId":56966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Barry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031024,"text":"70031024 - 2007 - Response of brown treesnakes to reduction of their rodent prey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031024","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of brown treesnakes to reduction of their rodent prey","docAbstract":"Trapping brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis; BTS) with live-mouse (Mus domesticus) lures is the principal control technique for this invasive species on Guam. Lure-based trapping is also used on other islands as a precaution against undetected arrivals and in response to verified BTS sightings. However, the effectiveness of lure-based trapping on other islands is questionable, as it has yielded no BTS despite other evidence of their presence. Some evidence suggests that high rodent numbers may interfere with BTS control. To test the relationship between rodent abundance and snake trappability, we conducted a controlled, replicated field experiment incorporating a rodenticide treatment during a BTS mark-recapture study. Using open population modeling in Program MARK, we estimated BTS apparent survival and recapture probabilities. Rodent reduction increased BTS recapture probabilities by 52-65% in 2002 and 22-36% in 2003, and it decreased apparent survival by <1% both years. This appears to be the first published instance of manipulating wild prey to influence snake behavior. Rodent reduction may enhance detection and control of BTS with traps on Guam and other islands. It may also amplify the effectiveness of oral toxicants against BTS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-444","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Gragg, J., Rodda, G., Savidge, J.A., White, G.C., Dean-Bradley, K., and Ellingson, A., 2007, Response of brown treesnakes to reduction of their rodent prey: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 7, p. 2311-2317, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-444.","startPage":"2311","endPage":"2317","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211275,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-444"},{"id":238539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa3ce4b0c8380cd86206","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gragg, J.E.","contributorId":33119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gragg","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":26256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dean-Bradley, K.","contributorId":35268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean-Bradley","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ellingson, A.R.","contributorId":19514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellingson","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031020,"text":"70031020 - 2007 - Robust 24 ± 6 ka 40Ar/39Ar age of a low-potassium tholeiitic basalt in the Lassen region of NE California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-25T11:16:57","indexId":"70031020","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Robust 24 ± 6 ka 40Ar/39Ar age of a low-potassium tholeiitic basalt in the Lassen region of NE California","docAbstract":"40Ar/39Ar ages on the Hat Creek Basalt (HCB) and stratigraphically related lava flows show that latest Pleistocene tholeiitic basalt with very low K2O can be dated reliably. The HCB underlies ∼ 15 ka glacial gravel and overlies four andesite and basaltic andesite lava flows that yield 40Ar/39Ar ages of 38 ± 7 ka (Cinder Butte; 1.65% K2O), 46 ± 7 ka (Sugarloaf Peak; 1.85% K2O), 67 ± 4 ka (Little Potato Butte; 1.42% K2O) and 77 ± 11 ka (Potato Butte; 1.62% K2O). Given these firm age brackets, we then dated the HCB directly. One sample (0.19% K2O) clearly failed the criteria for plateau-age interpretation, but the inverse isochron age of 26 ± 6 ka is seductively appealing. A second sample (0.17% K2O) yielded concordant plateau, integrated (total fusion), and inverse isochron ages of 26 ± 18, 30 ± 20 and 24 ± 6 ka, all within the time bracket determined by stratigraphic relations; the inverse isochron age of 24 ± 6 ka is preferred. As with all isotopically determined ages, confidence in the results is significantly enhanced when additional constraints imposed by other isotopic ages within a stratigraphic context are taken into account.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2007.02.004","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Turrin, B., Muffler, L.P., Clynne, M.A., and Champion, D.E., 2007, Robust 24 ± 6 ka 40Ar/39Ar age of a low-potassium tholeiitic basalt in the Lassen region of NE California: Quaternary Research, v. 68, no. 1, p. 96-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.02.004.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"110","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Hat Creek Basalt","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.4373779296875,\n 39.76210275375137\n ],\n [\n -121.4373779296875,\n 41.20758898181025\n ],\n [\n -120.00915527343749,\n 41.20758898181025\n ],\n [\n -120.00915527343749,\n 39.76210275375137\n ],\n [\n -121.4373779296875,\n 39.76210275375137\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaddce4b0c8380cd86fad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turrin, Brent D.","contributorId":89867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turrin","given":"Brent D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muffler, L.J. Patrick 0000-0001-6638-7218 pmuffler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6638-7218","contributorId":3322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muffler","given":"L.J.","email":"pmuffler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Champion, Duane E. 0000-0001-7854-9034 dchamp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-9034","contributorId":2912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Champion","given":"Duane","email":"dchamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030848,"text":"70030848 - 2007 - Evaluation of an experimental LiDAR for surveying a shallow, braided, sand-bedded river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030848","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of an experimental LiDAR for surveying a shallow, braided, sand-bedded river","docAbstract":"Reaches of a shallow (<1.0m), braided, sand-bedded river were surveyed in 2002 and 2005 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Experimental Advanced Airborne Research LiDAR (EAARL) and concurrently with conventional survey-grade, real-time kinematic, global positioning system technology. The laser pulses transmitted by the EAARL instrument and the return backscatter waveforms from exposed sand and submerged sand targets in the river were completely digitized and stored for postflight processing. The vertical mapping accuracy of the EAARL was evaluated by comparing the ellipsoidal heights computed from ranging measurements made using an EAARL terrestrial algorithm to nearby (<0.5m apart) ground-truth ellipsoidal heights. After correcting for apparent systematic bias in the surveys, the root mean square error of these heights with the terrestrial algorithm in the 2002 survey was 0.11m for the 26 measurements taken on exposed sand and 0.18m for the 59 measurements taken on submerged sand. In the 2005 survey, the root mean square error was 0.18m for 92 measurements taken on exposed sand and 0.24m for 434 measurements on submerged sand. In submerged areas the waveforms were complicated by reflections from the surface, water column entrained turbidity, and potentially the riverbed. When applied to these waveforms, especially in depths greater than 0.4m, the terrestrial algorithm calculated the range above the riverbed. A bathymetric algorithm has been developed to approximate the position of the riverbed in these convolved waveforms and preliminary results are encouraging. ?? 2007 ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:7(838)","issn":"07339429","usgsCitation":"Kinzel, P., Wright, C.W., Nelson, J.M., and Burman, A., 2007, Evaluation of an experimental LiDAR for surveying a shallow, braided, sand-bedded river: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 133, no. 7, p. 838-842, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:7(838).","startPage":"838","endPage":"842","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211634,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:7(838)"},{"id":238960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c45e4b0c8380cd52ae2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinzel, P.J.","contributorId":27834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, C. W. wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":49758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, J. M.","contributorId":68687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burman, A.R.","contributorId":92050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burman","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030847,"text":"70030847 - 2007 - First evidence of egg deposition by walleye (Sander vitreus) in the Detroit River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T09:44:53","indexId":"70030847","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First evidence of egg deposition by walleye (Sander vitreus) in the Detroit River","docAbstract":"The importance of fish spawning habitat in channels connecting the Great Lakes to fishery productivity in those lakes is poorly understood and has not been adequately documented. The Detroit River is a reputed spawning and nursery area for many fish, including walleye (Sander vitreus) that migrate between adjacent Lakes Erie and St. Clair. During April–May 2004, near the head of the Detroit River, we collected 136 fish eggs from the bottom of the river on egg mats. We incubated the eggs at the Great Lakes Science Center until they hatched. All eleven larvae that hatched from the eggs were identified as walleye. These eggs and larvae are the first credible scientific evidence that walleye spawn in the Detroit River. Their origin might be a stock of river-spawning walleye. Such a stock of walleye could potentially add resilience to production by walleye stocks that spawn and are harvested in adjacent waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[512:FEOEDB]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Manny, B., Kennedy, G., Allen, J., and French, J.R., 2007, First evidence of egg deposition by walleye (Sander vitreus) in the Detroit River: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 2, p. 512-516, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[512:FEOEDB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"512","endPage":"516","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1054e4b0c8380cd53c19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manny, B.A. 0000-0002-4074-9329","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":6000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":428919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, G.W. 0000-0003-1686-6960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-6960","contributorId":86291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":428922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, J.D.","contributorId":57656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"French, J. R. P. III","contributorId":47574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030845,"text":"70030845 - 2007 - Population status of North American green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T16:17:14","indexId":"70030845","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population status of North American green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris","docAbstract":"North American green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, was petitioned for listing under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The two questions that need to be answered when considering an ESA listing are; (1) Is the entity a species under the ESA and if so (2) is the \"species\" in danger of extinction or likely to become an endangered species in the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range? Green sturgeon genetic analyses showed strong differentiation between northern and southern populations, and therefore, the species was divided into Northern and Southern Distinct Population Segments (DPSs). The Northern DPS includes populations in the Rogue, Klamath-Trinity, and Eel rivers, while the Southern DPS only includes a single population in the Sacramento River. The principal risk factors for green sturgeon include loss of spawning habitat, harvest, and entrainment. The Northern DPS is not considered to be in danger of extinction or likely to become an endangered species in the foreseeable future. The loss of spawning habitat is not large enough to threaten this DPS, although the Eel River has been severely impacted by sedimentation due to poor land use practices and floods. The two main spawning populations in the Rogue and Klamath-Trinity rivers occupy separate basins reducing the potential for loss of the DPS through catastrophic events. Harvest has been substantially reduced and green sturgeon in this DPS do not face substantial entrainment loss. However there are significant concerns due to lack of information, flow and temperature issues, and habitat degradation. The Southern DPS is considered likely to become an endangered species in the foreseeable future. Green sturgeon in this DPS are concentrated into one spawning area outside of their natural habitat in the Sacramento River, making them vulnerable to catastrophic extinction. Green sturgeon spawning areas have been lost from the area above Shasta Dam on the Sacramento River and Oroville Dam on the Feather River. Entrainment of individuals into water diversion projects is an additional source of risk, and the large decline in numbers of green sturgeon entrained since 1986 causes additional concern. ?? 2006 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10641-006-9062-z","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"Adams, P., Grimes, C., Hightower, J., Lindley, S., Moser, M., and Parsley, M., 2007, Population status of North American green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 79, no. 3-4, p. 339-356, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9062-z.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"356","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211610,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9062-z"},{"id":238927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d95e4b0c8380cd7a031","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, P.B.","contributorId":22576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimes, C.","contributorId":55205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hightower, J.E.","contributorId":16605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindley, S.T.","contributorId":58458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindley","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moser, M.L.","contributorId":92006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parsley, M.J.","contributorId":59542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsley","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}