{"pageNumber":"2354","pageRowStart":"58825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185134,"records":[{"id":70174196,"text":"70174196 - 2007 - Assessment of marine-derived nutrients in the Copper River Delta, Alaska, using natural abundance of the stable isotopes of nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T10:59:37","indexId":"70174196","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of marine-derived nutrients in the Copper River Delta, Alaska, using natural abundance of the stable isotopes of nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon","docAbstract":"

We performed nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon stable isotope analysis (SIA) on maturing and juvenile anadromous sockeye and coho salmon, and periphyton in two Copper River delta watersheds of Alaska to trace salmonderived nutrients during 2003–2004. Maturing salmon were isotopically enriched relative to alternate freshwater N, S, and C sources as expected, with differences consistent with species trophic level differences, and minor system, sex, and year-to-year differences, enabling use of SIA to trace these salmon-derived nutrients. Periphyton naturally colonized, incubated, and collected using Wildco Periphtyon Samplers in and near spawning sites was 34S- and 15N-enriched, as expected, and at all freshwater sites was 13C-depleted. At nonspawning and coho-only sites, periphyton 34S and 15N was generally low. However, 34S was low enough at some sites to be suggestive of sulfate reduction, complicating the use of S isotopes. Juvenile salmon SIA ranged in values consistent with using production derived from re-mineralization as well as direct utilization, but only by a minority fraction of coho salmon. Dependency on salmon-derived nutrients ranged from relatively high to relatively low, suggesting a space-limited system. No one particular isotope was found to be superior for determining the relative importance of salmon-derived nutrients.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda MD","issn":"0892-2284","usgsCitation":"Kline, T.C., Woody, C.A., Bishop, M.A., Powers, S.P., and Knudsen, E.E., 2007, Assessment of marine-derived nutrients in the Copper River Delta, Alaska, using natural abundance of the stable isotopes of nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 54, p. 51-60.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"60","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324603,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f1a3e4b07dd077c69840","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kline, Thomas C.","contributorId":140867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kline","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13600,"text":"Prince William Sound Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woody, Carol Ann","contributorId":172548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woody","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bishop, Mary Anne","contributorId":10698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powers, Sean P.","contributorId":138867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powers","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12554,"text":"University of South Alabama and Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knudsen, E. Eric","contributorId":104818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knudsen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174209,"text":"70174209 - 2007 - Fire risk in San Diego County, California: A weighted Bayesian model approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T13:43:55","indexId":"70174209","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5116,"text":"California Geographer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire risk in San Diego County, California: A weighted Bayesian model approach","docAbstract":"

Fire risk models are widely utilized to mitigate wildfire hazards, but models are often based on expert opinions of less understood fire-ignition and spread processes. In this study, we used an empirically derived weights-of-evidence model to assess what factors produce fire ignitions east of San Diego, California. We created and validated a dynamic model of fire-ignition risk based on land characteristics and existing fire-ignition history data, and predicted ignition risk for a future urbanization scenario. We then combined our empirical ignition-risk model with a fuzzy fire behavior-risk model developed by wildfire experts to create a hybrid model of overall fire risk. We found that roads influence fire ignitions and that future growth will increase risk in new rural development areas. We conclude that empirically derived risk models and hybrid models offer an alternative method to assess current and future fire risk based on management actions.

","language":"English","publisher":"California Geographical Society","usgsCitation":"Kolden, C.A., and Weigel, T.J., 2007, Fire risk in San Diego County, California: A weighted Bayesian model approach: California Geographer, v. 47, p. 42-60.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"60","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324630,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f222e4b07dd077c69fa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolden, Crystal A.","contributorId":98610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolden","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weigel, Timothy J.","contributorId":172572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weigel","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174212,"text":"70174212 - 2007 - New technologies at the Desert Research Institute make a difference in wildland fire management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-14T08:33:35","indexId":"70174212","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5117,"text":"Wildland Firefighter","printIssn":"1086-3982","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New technologies at the Desert Research Institute make a difference in wildland fire management","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","issn":"10863982","usgsCitation":"Brown, T.J., and Kolden, C.A., 2007, New technologies at the Desert Research Institute make a difference in wildland fire management: Wildland Firefighter, v. 11, no. 9, p. 28-32.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f2a2e4b07dd077c6a7a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Timothy J.","contributorId":172571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kolden, Crystal A.","contributorId":98610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolden","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174220,"text":"70174220 - 2007 - Signatures of mountain building: Detrital zircon U/Pb ages from northeast Tibet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T15:38:46","indexId":"70174220","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Signatures of mountain building: Detrital zircon U/Pb ages from northeast Tibet","docAbstract":"

Although detrital zircon has proven to be a powerful tool for determining provenance, past work has focused primarily on delimiting regional source terranes. Here we explore the limits of spatial resolution and stratigraphic sensitivity of detrital zircon in ascertaining provenance, and we demonstrate its ability to detect source changes for terranes separated by only a few tens of kilometers. For such an analysis to succeed for a given mountain, discrete intrarange source terranes must have unique U/Pb zircon age signatures and sediments eroded from the range must have well-defined depositional ages. Here we use ∼1400 single-grain U/Pb zircon ages from northeastern Tibet to identify and analyze an area that satisfies these conditions. This analysis shows that the edges of intermontane basins are stratigraphically sensitive to discrete, punctuated changes in local source terranes. By tracking eroding rock units chronologically through the stratigraphic record, this sensitivity permits the detection of the differential rock uplift and progressive erosion that began ca. 8 Ma in the Laji Shan, a 10-25-km-wide range in northeastern Tibet with a unique U/Pb age signature.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G23057A.1","issn":"0091-7613","usgsCitation":"Lease, R.O., Burbank, D.W., Gehrels, G.E., Wang, Z., and Yuan, D., 2007, Signatures of mountain building: Detrital zircon U/Pb ages from northeast Tibet: Geology, v. 35, no. 3, p. 239-242, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23057A.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"242","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f2c9e4b07dd077c6aa7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lease, Richard O. 0000-0003-2582-8966 rlease@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-8966","contributorId":5098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lease","given":"Richard","email":"rlease@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burbank, Douglas W.","contributorId":44214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burbank","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gehrels, George E.","contributorId":59795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehrels","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Zhicai","contributorId":172595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Zhicai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yuan, Daoyang","contributorId":172596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yuan","given":"Daoyang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":79819,"text":"fs20073028 - 2007 - Welcome to the National Wetlands Research Center Library: Not Just Another Library-A Special Library","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:12","indexId":"fs20073028","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3028","title":"Welcome to the National Wetlands Research Center Library: Not Just Another Library-A Special Library","docAbstract":"Libraries are grouped into four major types: public, school, academic, and special. The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC) library is classified as a special library because it is sponsored by the Federal government, and the collections focus on a specific subject. The NWRC library is the only USGS library dedicated to wetland science. Library personnel offer expert research services to meet the informational needs of NWRC scientists, managers, and support personnel. The NWRC library participates in international cataloging and resource sharing, which allows libraries from throughout the world to borrow from its collections. This sharing facilitates the research of other governmental agencies, universities, and those interested in the study of wetlands.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073028","usgsCitation":"Broussard, L., 2007, Welcome to the National Wetlands Research Center Library: Not Just Another Library-A Special Library (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3028, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073028.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3028.jpg"},{"id":9519,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3028/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c4e4b07f02db53f09a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broussard, Linda broussardl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broussard","given":"Linda","email":"broussardl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70174198,"text":"70174198 - 2007 - Tower counts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T12:00:31","indexId":"70174198","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Tower counts","docAbstract":"

Counting towers provide an accurate, low-cost, low-maintenance, low-technology, and easily mobilized escapement estimation program compared to other methods (e.g., weirs, hydroacoustics, mark-recapture, and aerial surveys) (Thompson 1962; Siebel 1967; Cousens et al. 1982; Symons and Waldichuk 1984; Anderson 2000; Alaska Department of Fish and Game 2003). Counting tower data has been found to be consistent with that of digital video counts (Edwards 2005). Counting towers do not interfere with natural fish migration patterns, nor are fish handled or stressed; however, their use is generally limited to clear rivers that meet specific site selection criteria. The data provided by counting tower sampling allow fishery managers to determine reproductive population size, estimate total return (escapement + catch) and its uncertainty, evaluate population productivity and trends, set harvest rates, determine spawning escapement goals, and forecast future returns (Alaska Department of Fish and Game 1974-2000 and 1975-2004). The number of spawning fish is determined by subtracting subsistence, sport-caught fish, and prespawn mortality from the total estimated escapement. The methods outlined in this protocol for tower counts can be used to provide reasonable estimates ( plus or minus 6%-10%) of reproductive salmon population size and run timing in clear rivers. 

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Salmonid Field Protocols Handbook: Techniques for Assessing Status and Trends in Salmon and Trout Populations","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":14,"text":"Instruction"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","isbn":"9781888569926","usgsCitation":"Woody, C.A., 2007, Tower counts, chap. of Salmonid Field Protocols Handbook: Techniques for Assessing Status and Trends in Salmon and Trout Populations, p. 363-384.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"384","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f305e4b07dd077c6adfe","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641256,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shrier, Brianna M.","contributorId":172557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shrier","given":"Brianna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641257,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neal, Jennifer S.","contributorId":147875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641258,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knutzen, John A.","contributorId":172558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutzen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641259,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":4},{"text":"Augerot, Xanthippe","contributorId":172559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augerot","given":"Xanthippe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641260,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Neal, Thomas A.","contributorId":172560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641261,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pearsons, Todd N.","contributorId":95345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearsons","given":"Todd N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641262,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":7}],"authors":[{"text":"Woody, Carol Ann","contributorId":172548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woody","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70174197,"text":"70174197 - 2007 - Efficiently estimating salmon escapement uncertainty using systematically sampled data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-12T16:24:19","indexId":"70174197","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficiently estimating salmon escapement uncertainty using systematically sampled data","docAbstract":"

Fish escapement is generally monitored using nonreplicated systematic sampling designs (e.g., via visual counts from towers or hydroacoustic counts). These sampling designs support a variety of methods for estimating the variance of the total escapement. Unfortunately, all the methods give biased results, with the magnitude of the bias being determined by the underlying process patterns. Fish escapement commonly exhibits positive autocorrelation and nonlinear patterns, such as diurnal and seasonal patterns. For these patterns, poor choice of variance estimator can needlessly increase the uncertainty managers have to deal with in sustaining fish populations. We illustrate the effect of sampling design and variance estimator choice on variance estimates of total escapement for anadromous salmonids from systematic samples of fish passage. Using simulated tower counts of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka escapement on the Kvichak River, Alaska, five variance estimators for nonreplicated systematic samples were compared to determine the least biased. Using the least biased variance estimator, four confidence interval estimators were compared for expected coverage and mean interval width. Finally, five systematic sampling designs were compared to determine the design giving the smallest average variance estimate for total annual escapement. For nonreplicated systematic samples of fish escapement, all variance estimators were positively biased. Compared to the other estimators, the least biased estimator reduced bias by, on average, from 12% to 98%. All confidence intervals gave effectively identical results. Replicated systematic sampling designs consistently provided the smallest average estimated variance among those compared.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","issn":"0892-2284","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, J.H., Woody, C.A., Gove, N.E., and Fair, L.F., 2007, Efficiently estimating salmon escapement uncertainty using systematically sampled data: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 54, p. 121-129.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"129","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f20de4b07dd077c69e30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Joel H.","contributorId":140498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woody, Carol Ann","contributorId":172548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woody","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gove, Nancy E.","contributorId":172554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gove","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fair, Lowell F.","contributorId":172555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fair","given":"Lowell","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174851,"text":"70174851 - 2007 - Climate matching as a tool for predicting potential North American spread of Brown Treesnakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T16:40:33","indexId":"70174851","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Climate matching as a tool for predicting potential North American spread of Brown Treesnakes","docAbstract":"

Climate matching identifies extralimital destinations that could be colonized by a potential invasive species on the basis of similarity to climates found in the species’ native range. Climate is a proxy for the factors that determine whether a population will reproduce enough to offset mortality. Previous climate matching models (e.g., Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Prediction [GARP]) for brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) were unsatisfactory, perhaps because the models failed to allow different combinations of climate attributes to influence a species’ range limits in different parts of the range. Therefore, we explored the climate space described by bivariate parameters of native range temperature and rainfall, allowing up to two months of aestivation in the warmer portions of the range, or four months of hibernation in temperate climes. We found colonization area to be minimally sensitive to assumptions regarding hibernation temperature thresholds. Although brown treesnakes appear to be limited by dry weather in the interior of Australia, aridity rarely limits potential distribution in most of the world. Potential colonization area in North America is limited primarily by cold. Climatically suitable portions of the United States (US) mainland include the Central Valley of California, mesic patches in the Southwest, and the southeastern coastal plain from Texas to Virginia.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species – Proceedings of a Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA/APHIS/WS, National Wildlife Research Center","usgsCitation":"Rodda, G.H., Reed, R., and Jarnevich, C.S., 2007, Climate matching as a tool for predicting potential North American spread of Brown Treesnakes, in Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species – Proceedings of a Symposium, p. 138-145.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"138","endPage":"145","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/wildlife_damage/nwrc/symposia/invasive_symposium/content/Rodda138_145_MVIS.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdaee4b0f1bea0e0f81b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Witmer, G.W.","contributorId":35429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witmer","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642805,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitt, W. C.","contributorId":172967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pitt","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642806,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagerstone, K.A.","contributorId":33943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagerstone","given":"K.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642807,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Rodda, Gordon H. roddag@usgs.gov","contributorId":3196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"Gordon","email":"roddag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Robert N. reedr@usgs.gov","contributorId":141036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert N.","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031542,"text":"70031542 - 2007 - Exposure of unionid mussels to electric current: Assessing risks associated with electrofishing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031542","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exposure of unionid mussels to electric current: Assessing risks associated with electrofishing","docAbstract":"Electric current is routinely applied in freshwater for scientific sampling of fish populations (i.e., electrofishing). Freshwater mussels (families Margaritiferidae and Unionidae) are distributed worldwide, but their recent declines in diversity and abundance constitute an imperilment of global significance. Freshwater mussels are not targeted for capture by electrofishing, and any exposure to electric current is unintentional. The effects of electric shock are not fully understood for mussels but could disrupt vital physiological processes and represent an additional threat to their survival. In a controlled laboratory environment, we examined the consequences of exposure to two typical electrofishing currents, 60-Hz pulsed DC and 60-Hz AC, for the survival of adult and early life stages of three unionid species; we included fish as a quality control measure. The outcomes suggest that electrical exposure associated with typical electrofishing poses little direct risk to freshwater mussels. That is, adult mussel survival and righting behaviors (indicators of sublethal stress) were not adversely affected by electrical exposure. Glochidia (larvae that attach to and become parasites on fish gills or fins) showed minimal immediate reduction in viability after exposure. Metamorphosis from glochidia to free-living juvenile mussels was not impaired after electric current simulated capture-prone behaviors (stunning) in infested host fish. In addition, the short-term survival of juvenile mussels was not adversely influenced by exposure to electric current. Any minimal risk to imperiled mussels must be weighed at the population level against the benefits gained by using the gear for scientific sampling of fish in the same waters. However, scientists sampling fish by electrofishing should be aware of mussel reproductive periods and processes in order to minimize the harmful effects to host fish, especially in areas where mussel conservation is a concern. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-006.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Holliman, F., Kwak, T., Cope, W., and Levine, J.F., 2007, Exposure of unionid mussels to electric current: Assessing risks associated with electrofishing: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 136, no. 6, p. 1593-1606, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-006.1.","startPage":"1593","endPage":"1606","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212268,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-006.1"},{"id":239730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"136","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e34e4b0c8380cd53349","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holliman, F.M.","contributorId":86153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holliman","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwak, T.J.","contributorId":104236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cope, W.G.","contributorId":71918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Levine, Jay F.","contributorId":80902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levine","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174194,"text":"70174194 - 2007 - Concordance of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers in detecting a founder event in Lake Clark sockeye salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T10:38:05","indexId":"70174194","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concordance of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers in detecting a founder event in Lake Clark sockeye salmon","docAbstract":"

Genetic bottleneck effects can reduce genetic variation, persistence probability, and evolutionary potential of populations. Previous microsatellite analysis suggested a bottleneck associated with a common founding of sock-eye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka populations of Lake Clark, Alaska, about 100 to 400 generations ago. The common foundingevent occurred after the last glacial recession and resulted in reduced allelic diversity and strong divergence of Lake Clarksockeye salmon relative to neighboring Six Mile Lake and LakeIliamna populations. Here we used two additional genetic marker types (allozymes and mtDNA) to examine these patterns further. Allozyme and mtDNA results were congruent with the microsatellite data in suggesting a common founder event in LakeClark sockeye salmon and confirmed the divergence of Lake Clarkpopulations from neighboring Six Mile Lake and Lake Iliamna populations. The use of multiple marker types provided better understanding of the bottleneck in Lake Clark. For example, the Sucker Bay Lake population had an exceptionally severe reduction in allelic diversity at microsatellite loci, but not at mtDNA. This suggests that the reduced microsatellite variation in Sucker Bay Lake fish is due to consistently smaller effective population size than other Lake Clark populations, rather than a more acute or additional bottleneck since founding. Caution is urged in using reduced heterozygosity as a measure of genetic bottleneck effects because stochastic variance among loci resulted in an overall increase in allozyme heterozygosity within bottlenecked Lake Clark populations. However, heterozygosity excess, which assesses heterozygosity relative to allelic variation, detected genetic bottleneck effects in both allozyme and microsatellite loci. 

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","issn":"0892-2284","usgsCitation":"Ramstad, K.M., Woody, C.A., Habicht, C., Sage, G.K., Seeb, J.E., and Allendorf, F., 2007, Concordance of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers in detecting a founder event in Lake Clark sockeye salmon: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 54, p. 31-50.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"50","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324594,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f1bee4b07dd077c699ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramstad, Kristina M.","contributorId":172547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramstad","given":"Kristina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woody, Carol Ann","contributorId":172548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woody","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Habicht, Chris","contributorId":172549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Habicht","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sage, G. Kevin 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":4348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"G.","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":641226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seeb, James E.","contributorId":87003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seeb","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Allendorf, Fred W.","contributorId":83432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allendorf","given":"Fred W.","affiliations":[{"id":5091,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70174837,"text":"70174837 - 2007 - Inventory of montane-nesting birds in Katmai and Lake Clark national parks and preserves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T09:04:12","indexId":"70174837","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Inventory of montane-nesting birds in Katmai and Lake Clark national parks and preserves","docAbstract":"

As part of the National Park Service’s Inventory and Monitoring Program, biologists from the U. S. Geological Survey’s Alaska Science Center conducted an inventory of birds in montane regions of Katmai and Lake Clark National Parks and Preserves during 2004–2006. We used a stratified random survey design to allocate samples by ecological subsection. To survey for birds, we conducted counts at 468 points across 29, 10-km x 10-km (6.2-mi x 6.2-mi) sample plots in Katmai and 417 points across 25, 10-km x 10-km sample plots in Lake Clark. We detected 92 and 104 species in Katmai and Lake Clark, respectively, including 40 species of conservation concern. We detected three species not previously recorded in Katmai (Ring-necked Duck [Aythya collaris], Lesser Scaup [Aythya affinis], and White-tailed Ptarmigan [Lagopus leucurus]) and two species not previously recorded in Lake Clark (Northern Flicker [Colaptes auratus ] and Olive-sided Flycatcher [Contopus cooperi]). The most commonly detected species in both parks was Golden-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia atricapilla); Fox Sparrow (Passerella iliaca) and American Pipit (Anthus rubescens) were abundant and widely-distributed as well. We defined sites as low (100–350 m), middle (351–600 m), or high (601–1,620 m) elevation based on the distribution of vegetation cover, and similarly categorized the 34 most-commonly detected species based on the mean elevation of sample points at which they were detected. High elevation (i.e., alpine) sites were characterized by high percent cover of dwarf shrub and bare ground habitat and supported species like Rock Ptarmigan (L. mutus), American Golden-Plover (Pluvialis dominica), Wandering Tattler (Tringa incana), Surfbird (Aphriza virgata), and Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis), all species of conservation concern. This inventory represents the first systematic survey of birds nesting in montane regions of both parks. Results from this inventory can form the foundation of subsequent monitoring efforts

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publisher":"USGS Alaska Science Center","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Ruthrauff, D.R., Tibbitts, T.L., Gill, R., and Handel, C.M., 2007, Inventory of montane-nesting birds in Katmai and Lake Clark national parks and preserves, 101 p.","productDescription":"101 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":363289,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/134915?Reference=89454"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","publicComments":"Report Number: NPS/AKRSWAN/NRTR-2007/02","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb3e4b0f1bea0e0f877","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruthrauff, Daniel R. 0000-0003-1355-9156 druthrauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156","contributorId":4181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruthrauff","given":"Daniel","email":"druthrauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":140455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029713,"text":"70029713 - 2007 - GSA committees: Progress through service the Annual Program Committee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70029713","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"GSA committees: Progress through service the Annual Program Committee","docAbstract":"The GSA's Annual Program Committee (APC) is directly responsible for the GSA's meeting and other responsibilities especially before the main event. It decides on the locations, the number and content of the technical sessions, annual membership surveys, hospitality for the guests, field trips and more. In addition, it pays significant attention to creative thinking about geoscience discoveries and directions as well as identify new and emerging areas of earth science. APC is also looking for new ideas, approaches and directions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/1052-5173(2007)17[56:GAPCAA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Costa, J.E., 2007, GSA committees: Progress through service the Annual Program Committee: GSA Today, v. 17, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1130/1052-5173(2007)17[56:GAPCAA]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"56","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213057,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/1052-5173(2007)17[56:GAPCAA]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":240640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1486e4b0c8380cd54a8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Costa, J. E.","contributorId":28977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costa","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029776,"text":"70029776 - 2007 - Ranking Alaska moose nutrition: Signals to begin liberal antlerless harvests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T10:18:49","indexId":"70029776","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ranking Alaska moose nutrition: Signals to begin liberal antlerless harvests","docAbstract":"

We focused on describing low nutritional status in an increasing moose (Alces alces gigas) population with reduced predation in Game Management Unit (GMU) 20A near Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. A skeptical public disallowed liberal antlerless harvests of this moose population until we provided convincing data on low nutritional status. We ranked nutritional status in 15 Alaska moose populations (in boreal forests and coastal tundra) based on multiyear twinning rates. Data on age-of-first-reproduction and parturition rates provided a ranking consistent with twinning rates in the 6 areas where comparative data were available. Also, short-yearling mass provided a ranking consistent with twinning rates in 5 of the 6 areas where data were available. Data from 5 areas implied an inverse relationship between twinning rate and browse removal rate. Only in GMU 20A did nutritional indices reach low levels where justification for halting population growth was apparent, which supports prior findings that nutrition is a minor factor limiting most Alaska moose populations compared to predation. With predator reductions, the GMU 20A moose population increased from 1976 until liberal antlerless harvests in 2004. During 1997–2005, GMU 20A moose exhibited the lowest nutritional status reported to date for wild, noninsular, North American populations, including 1) delayed reproduction until moose reached 36 months of age and the lowest parturition rate among 36-month-old moose (29%, n = 147); 2) the lowest average multiyear twinning rates from late-May aerial surveys (x̄ = 7%, SE = 0.9%, n = 9 yr, range = 3–10%) and delayed twinning until moose reached 60 months of age; 3) the lowest average mass of female short-yearlings in Alaska (x̄ = 155 ± 1.6 [SE] kg in the Tanana Flats subpopulation, up to 58 kg below average masses found elsewhere); and 4) high removal (42%) of current annual browse biomass compared to 9–26% elsewhere in boreal forests. When average multiyear twinning rates in GMU 20A (sampled during 1960–2005) declined to <10% in the mid- to late 1990s, we began encouraging liberal antlerless harvests, but only conservative annual harvests of 61–76 antlerless moose were achieved during 1996–2001. Using data in the context of our broader ranking system, we convinced skeptical citizen advisory committees to allow liberal antlerless harvests of 600–690 moose in 2004 and 2005, with the objective of halting population growth of the 16,000–17,000 moose; total harvests were 7–8% of total prehunt numbers. The resulting liberal antlerless harvests served to protect the moose population's health and habitat and to fulfill a mandate for elevated yield. Liberal antlerless harvests appear justified to halt population growth when multiyear twinning rates average ≤10% and ≥1 of the following signals substantiate low nutritional status: <50% of 36-month-old moose are parturient, average multiyear short-yearling mass is <175 kg, or >35% of annual browse biomass is removed by moose.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2006-159","usgsCitation":"Boertje, R.D., Kellie, K.A., Seaton, C.T., Keech, M.A., Young, D., Dale, B.W., Adams, L., and Aderman, A.R., 2007, Ranking Alaska moose nutrition: Signals to begin liberal antlerless harvests: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 5, p. 1494-1506, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-159.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1494","endPage":"1506","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94ade4b0c8380cd81559","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boertje, Rodney D.","contributorId":84953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boertje","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellie, Kalin A.","contributorId":118779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kellie","given":"Kalin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seaton, C. Tom","contributorId":139085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seaton","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Tom","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keech, Mark A.","contributorId":74958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keech","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Young, Donald D.","contributorId":191905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Donald D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dale, Bruce W.","contributorId":6769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dale","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Aderman, Andrew R.","contributorId":29220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aderman","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70035411,"text":"70035411 - 2007 - Origin and emplacement of impactites in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:44:51","indexId":"70035411","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin and emplacement of impactites in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"

The late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure, located on the Atlantic margin of Virginia, may be Earth's best-preserved large impact structure formed in a shallow marine, siliciclastic, continental-shelf environment. It has the form of an inverted sombrero in which a central crater ∼40 km in diameter is surrounded by a shallower brim, the annular trough, that extends the diameter to ∼85 km. The annular trough is interpreted to have formed largely by the collapse and mobilization of weak sediments. Crystalline-clast suevite, found only in the central crater, contains clasts and blocks of shocked gneiss that likely were derived from the fragmentation of the central-uplift basement. The suevite and entrained megablocks are interpreted to have formed from impact-melt particles and crystalline-rock debris that never left the central crater, rather than as a fallback deposit. Impact-modified sediments in the annular trough include megablocks of Cretaceous nonmarine sediment disrupted by faults, fluidized sands, fractured clays, and mixed-sediment intercalations. These impact-modified sediments could have formed by a combination of processes, including ejection into and mixing of sediments in the water column, rarefaction-induced fragmentation and clastic injection, liquefaction and fluidization of sand in response to acousticwave vibrations, gravitational collapse, and inward lateral spreading. The Exmore beds, which blanket the entire crater and nearby areas, consist of a lower diamicton member overlain by an upper stratified member. They are interpreted as unstratified ocean-resurge deposits, having depositional cycles that may represent stages of inward resurge or outward anti-resurge flow, overlain by stratified fallout of suspended sediment from the water column.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2008.2437(06)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Horton,, J., Gohn, G., Powars, D.S., and Edwards, L.E., 2007, Origin and emplacement of impactites in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 437, p. 73-97, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.2437(06).","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.54150390625,\n 36.73888412439431\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 36.73888412439431\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -77.54150390625,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -77.54150390625,\n 36.73888412439431\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"437","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70a4e4b0c8380cd76159","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton,, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":219824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton,","given":"J. 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E.","contributorId":43168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pope, A.C.","contributorId":177802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pope","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilkerson, T.S.","contributorId":177803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkerson","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shurtleff, D.J.","contributorId":93597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shurtleff","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Perry, R.W.","contributorId":43947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Counihan, T.D.","contributorId":9789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70032859,"text":"70032859 - 2007 - Genotype, soil type, and locale effects on reciprocal transplant vigor, endophyte growth, and microbial functional diversity of a narrow sagebrush hybrid zone in Salt Creek Canyon, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-30T11:48:11","indexId":"70032859","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":724,"text":"American Journal of Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genotype, soil type, and locale effects on reciprocal transplant vigor, endophyte growth, and microbial functional diversity of a narrow sagebrush hybrid zone in Salt Creek Canyon, Utah","docAbstract":"When addressing the nature of ecological adaptation and environmental factors limiting population ranges and contributing to speciation, it is important to consider not only the plant's genotype and its response to the environment, but also any close interactions that it has with other organisms, specifically, symbiotic microorganisms. To investigate this, soils and seedlings were reciprocally transplanted into common gardens of the big sagebrush hybrid zone in Salt Creek Canyon, Utah, to determine location and edaphic effects on the fitness of parental and hybrid plants. Endophytic symbionts and functional microbial diversity of indigenous and transplanted soils and sagebrush plants were also examined. Strong selection occurred against the parental genotypes in the middle hybrid zone garden in middle hybrid zone soil; F1 hybrids had the highest fitness under these conditions. Neither of the parental genotypes had superior fitness in their indigenous soils and habitats; rather F1 hybrids with the nonindigenous maternal parent were superiorly fit. Significant garden-by-soil type interactions indicate adaptation of both plant and soil microorganisms to their indigenous soils and habitats, most notably in the middle hybrid zone garden in middle hybrid zone soil. Contrasting performances of F1 hybrids suggest asymmetrical gene flow with mountain, rather than basin, big sagebrush acting as the maternal parent. We showed that the microbial community impacted the performance of parental and hybrid plants in different soils, likely limiting the ranges of the different genotypes.","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Botany","doi":"10.3732/ajb.94.3.425","issn":"00029122","usgsCitation":"Miglia, K., McArthur, E., Redman, R.S., Rodriguez, R.J., Zak, J., and Freeman, D., 2007, Genotype, soil type, and locale effects on reciprocal transplant vigor, endophyte growth, and microbial functional diversity of a narrow sagebrush hybrid zone in Salt Creek Canyon, Utah: American Journal of Botany, v. 94, no. 3, p. 425-436, https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.94.3.425.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"436","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476996,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.94.3.425","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213713,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.94.3.425"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Salt Creek Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.962158203125,\n 38.47079371120379\n ],\n [\n -110.269775390625,\n 38.16911413556086\n ],\n [\n -110.006103515625,\n 37.666429212090605\n ],\n [\n -109.8193359375,\n 37.60552821745789\n ],\n [\n -109.48974609375,\n 37.688167468408025\n ],\n [\n -109.302978515625,\n 37.814123701604466\n ],\n [\n -109.51171875,\n 38.28131307922966\n ],\n [\n -109.676513671875,\n 38.52668162061619\n ],\n [\n -109.88525390624999,\n 38.53527591154413\n ],\n [\n -109.962158203125,\n 38.47079371120379\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1594e4b0c8380cd54e9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miglia, K.J.","contributorId":53173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miglia","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McArthur, E.D.","contributorId":27274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McArthur","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Redman, R. S.","contributorId":26094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodriguez, R. J.","contributorId":53107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zak, J.C.","contributorId":82097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zak","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Freeman, D.C.","contributorId":21309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030181,"text":"70030181 - 2007 - Quantifying foodweb interactions with simultaneous linear equations: Stable isotope models of the Truckee River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030181","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying foodweb interactions with simultaneous linear equations: Stable isotope models of the Truckee River, USA","docAbstract":"Aquatic foodweb models for 2 seasons (relatively high- [March] and low-flow [August] conditions) were constructed for 4 reaches on the Truckee River using ??13C and ??15N data from periphyton, macroinvertebrate, and fish samples collected in 2003 and 2004. The models were constructed with isotope values that included measured periphyton signatures and calculated mean isotope values for detritus and seston as basal food sources of each food web. The pseudo-optimization function in Excel's Solver module was used to minimize the sum of squared error between predicted and observed stable-isotope values while simultaneously solving for diet proportions for all foodweb consumers and estimating ??13C and ??15N trophic enrichment factors. This approach used an underdetermined set of simultaneous linear equations and was tested by running the pseudo-optimization procedure for 500 randomly selected sets of initial conditions. Estimated diet proportions had average standard deviations (SDs) of 0.03 to 0.04??? and SDs of trophic enrichment factors ranged from <0.005 to 0.05??? based on the results of the 500 runs, indicating that the modeling approach was very robust. However, sensitivity analysis of calculated detritus and seston ??13C and ??15N values indicated that the robustness of the approach is dependent on having accurate measures of all observed foodweb-component ??13c and ??15N values. Model results from the 500 runs using the mean isotope values for detritus and seston indicated that upstream food webs were the simplest, with fewer feeding groups and trophic interactions (e.g., 21 interactions for 10 feeding groups), whereas food webs for the reach downstream of the Reno-Sparks metropolitan area were the most complex (e.g., 58 interactions for 16 feeding groups). Nonnative crayfish were important omnivores in each reach and drew energy from multiple sources, but appeared to be energetic dead ends because they generally were not consumed. Predatory macroinvertebrate diets varied along the river and affected estimated trophic positions of fish that consumed them. Differences in complexity and composition of the food webs appeared to be related to season, but could also have been caused by interactions with nonnative species, especially invasive crayfish. ?? 2007 by The North American Benthological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1899/06-115.1","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Saito, L., Redd, C., Chandra, S., Atwell, L., Fritsen, C., and Rosen, M.R., 2007, Quantifying foodweb interactions with simultaneous linear equations: Stable isotope models of the Truckee River, USA: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 26, no. 4, p. 642-662, https://doi.org/10.1899/06-115.1.","startPage":"642","endPage":"662","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211967,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/06-115.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91cce4b0c8380cd80480","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saito, L.","contributorId":59402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saito","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Redd, C.","contributorId":26514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redd","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chandra, S.","contributorId":68867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandra","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Atwell, L.","contributorId":42428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwell","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fritsen, C.H.","contributorId":43979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritsen","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosen, Michael R.","contributorId":43096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030818,"text":"70030818 - 2007 - Waterfowl distribution and abundance during spring migration in Southern Oregon and Northeastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030818","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waterfowl distribution and abundance during spring migration in Southern Oregon and Northeastern California","docAbstract":"We used aerial surveys to study abundance and distribution of waterfowl (ducks, geese, swans, and coots) during spring in southern Oregon and northeastern California (SONEC). Total waterfowl-use days in SONEC during the 119-day, 5 January-3 May, spring period was similar during 2002 (127,977,700) and 2003 (128,076,200) and averaged 1,075,900 birds per day (bpd); these estimates should be adjusted upward 4%-10% to account for areas not surveyed. Waterfowl abundance peaked in mid-March in both years: 2,095,700 in 2002 and 1,681,700 in 2003. Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) was the most abundant species in both years, accounting for 25.6% of the 2002 and 24.5% of the 2003 waterfowl-use days. Pintail abundance peaked during the 13 March survey at 689,300 in 2002 and 532,100 in 2003. All other dabbling ducks accounted for 27.6% and 28.6%, diving ducks for 13.5% and 9.2%, geese for 24.6% and 29.3%, swans for 2.8% and 1.0%, and coots for 5.8% and 6.4% of the spring waterfowl-use days in SONEC during 2002 and 2003, respectively. Although use days changed little for total waterfowl (+0.08%) and dabbling ducks (-0.1%), diving duck use was lower (-32%), and goose use days were greater (+19%) in 2003 than in 2002. Distribution was similar in both years, with the most waterfowl use in the Lower (66%) and Upper (14%) Klamath subregions; 2%-6% occurred in each of the other subregions. Although the Lower Klamath subregion received the greatest overall waterfowl use, distribution among subregions varied among species and surveys, and all subregions were important during some part of the spring for 1 or more species. Peak spring abundance in SONEC during 2002 and 2003 averaged 50.3% of the midwinter abundance in California (all survey regions) and southern Oregon (69-3 survey region) for all waterfowl, 46.1% for dabbling ducks, 62.4% for diving ducks, 68.8% for geese, 109.4% for swans, and 43.8% for coots. Each spring, 75% of all waterfowl use in SONEC occurred on federal, state, or Nature Conservancy lands (i.e., protected areas). On protected areas there was a higher percentage of dabbling ducks (80.5%), geese (70.5%), and coots (81.5%) than diving ducks (60.4%) and swans (49%). Waterfowl use of Klamath Basin National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) averaged 42% greater during spring 2002-2003 (568,500 bpd) than during 1998-2001 (Gilmer et al. 2004). Numerous factors likely impacted magnitude and distribution of waterfowl use of SONEC during spring, including weather, waterfowl populations, SONEC habitat, and species ecology. SONEC is a critical spring staging area for waterfowl that winter in the Central Valley of California and other Pacific Flyway regions and should be a major focus area for waterfowl-habitat conservation efforts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[409:WDAADS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Fleskes, J., and Yee, J., 2007, Waterfowl distribution and abundance during spring migration in Southern Oregon and Northeastern California: Western North American Naturalist, v. 67, no. 3, p. 409-428, https://doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[409:WDAADS]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"409","endPage":"428","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487631,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol67/iss3/10","text":"External Repository"},{"id":211687,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[409:WDAADS]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":239027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcf43e4b08c986b32e7e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleskes, J. P.","contributorId":98661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yee, J.L.","contributorId":25496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034520,"text":"70034520 - 2007 - Digital floodplain mapping and an analysis of errors involved","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034520","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Digital floodplain mapping and an analysis of errors involved","docAbstract":"Mapping floodplain boundaries using geographical information system (GIS) and digital elevation models (DEMs) was completed in a recent study. However convenient this method may appear at first, the resulting maps potentially can have unaccounted errors. Mapping the floodplain using GIS is faster than mapping manually, and digital mapping is expected to be more common in the future. When mapping is done manually, the experience and judgment of the engineer or geographer completing the mapping and the contour resolution of the surface topography are critical in determining the flood-plain and floodway boundaries between cross sections. When mapping is done digitally, discrepancies can result from the use of the computing algorithm and digital topographic datasets. Understanding the possible sources of error and how the error accumulates through these processes is necessary for the validation of automated digital mapping. This study will evaluate the procedure of floodplain mapping using GIS and a 3 m by 3 m resolution DEM with a focus on the accumulated errors involved in the process. Within the GIS environment of this mapping method, the procedural steps of most interest, initially, include: (1) the accurate spatial representation of the stream centerline and cross sections, (2) properly using a triangulated irregular network (TIN) model for the flood elevations of the studied cross sections, the interpolated elevations between them and the extrapolated flood elevations beyond the cross sections, and (3) the comparison of the flood elevation TIN with the ground elevation DEM, from which the appropriate inundation boundaries are delineated. The study area involved is of relatively low topographic relief; thereby, making it representative of common suburban development and a prime setting for the need of accurately mapped floodplains. This paper emphasizes the impacts of integrating supplemental digital terrain data between cross sections on floodplain delineation. ?? 2007 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006: Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns","conferenceDate":"21 May 2006 through 25 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Omaha, NE","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40856(200)444","isbn":"0784408564; 9780784408568","usgsCitation":"Hamblen, C., Soong, D., and Cai, X., 2007, Digital floodplain mapping and an analysis of errors involved, in Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006, Omaha, NE, 21 May 2006 through 25 May 2006, https://doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)444.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215943,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)444"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0151e4b0c8380cd4fb80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamblen, C.S.","contributorId":25788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamblen","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soong, D.T.","contributorId":85430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soong","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cai, X.","contributorId":95294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030985,"text":"70030985 - 2007 - CO2 transport over complex terrain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030985","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":681,"text":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CO2 transport over complex terrain","docAbstract":"CO2 transport processes relevant for estimating net ecosystem exchange (NEE) at the Niwot Ridge AmeriFlux site in the front range of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado, USA, were investigated during a pilot experiment. We found that cold, moist, and CO2-rich air was transported downslope at night and upslope in the early morning at this forest site situated on a ???5% east-facing slope. We found that CO2 advection dominated the total CO2 transport in the NEE estimate at night although there are large uncertainties because of partial cancellation of horizontal and vertical advection. The horizontal CO2 advection captured not only the CO2 loss at night, but also the CO2 uptake during daytime. We found that horizontal CO2 advection was significant even during daytime especially when turbulent mixing was not significant, such as in early morning and evening transition periods and within the canopy. Similar processes can occur anywhere regardless of whether flow is generated by orography, synoptic pressure gradients, or surface heterogeneity as long as CO2 concentration is not well mixed by turbulence. The long-term net effect of all the CO2 budget terms on estimates of NEE needs to be investigated. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.02.007","issn":"01681923","usgsCitation":"Sun, J., Burns, S.P., Delany, A., Oncley, S., Turnipseed, A., Stephens, B., Lenschow, D., LeMone, M., Monson, R.K., and Anderson, D., 2007, CO2 transport over complex terrain: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 145, no. 1-2, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.02.007.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211669,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.02.007"}],"volume":"145","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2d5e4b0c8380cd4b3fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sun, Jielun","contributorId":33443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Jielun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, Sean P.","contributorId":98921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delany, A.C.","contributorId":24966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delany","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oncley, S.P.","contributorId":13416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oncley","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turnipseed, A.A.","contributorId":23726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnipseed","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephens, B.B.","contributorId":100883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lenschow, D.H.","contributorId":63614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenschow","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"LeMone, M.A.","contributorId":87362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeMone","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Monson, Russell K.","contributorId":48136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Anderson, D.E.","contributorId":47320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70033215,"text":"70033215 - 2007 - Pleistocene Brawley and Ocotillo Formations: Evidence for initial strike-slip deformation along the San Felipe and San Jacinto fault zonez, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70033215","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pleistocene Brawley and Ocotillo Formations: Evidence for initial strike-slip deformation along the San Felipe and San Jacinto fault zonez, Southern California","docAbstract":"We examine the Pleistocene tectonic reorganization of the Pacific-North American plate boundary in the Salton Trough of southern California with an integrated approach that includes basin analysis, magnetostratigraphy, and geologic mapping of upper Pliocene to Pleistocene sedimentary rocks in the San Felipe Hills. These deposits preserve the earliest sedimentary record of movement on the San Felipe and San Jacinto fault zones that replaced and deactivated the late Cenozoic West Salton detachment fault. Sandstone and mudstone of the Brawley Formation accumulated between ???1.1 and ???0.6-0.5 Ma in a delta on the margin of an arid Pleistocene lake, which received sediment from alluvial fans of the Ocotillo Formation to the west-southwest. Our analysis indicates that the Ocotillo and Brawley formations prograded abruptly to the east-northeast across a former mud-dominated perennial lake (Borrego Formation) at ???1.1 Ma in response to initiation of the dextral-oblique San Felipe fault zone. The ???25-km-long San Felipe anticline initiated at about the same time and produced an intrabasinal basement-cored high within the San Felipe-Borrego basin that is recorded by progressive unconformities on its north and south limbs. A disconformity at the base of the Brawley Formation in the eastern San Felipe Hills probably records initiation and early blind slip at the southeast tip of the Clark strand of the San Jacinto fault zone. Our data are consistent with abrupt and nearly synchronous inception of the San Jacinto and San Felipe fault zones southwest of the southern San Andreas fault in the early Pleistocene during a pronounced southwestward broadening of the San Andreas fault zone. The current contractional geometry of the San Jacinto fault zone developed after ???0.5-0.6 Ma during a second, less significant change in structural style. ?? 2007 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/509248","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Kirby, S., Janecke, S.U., Dorsey, R., Housen, B., Langenheim, V., McDougall, K., and Steeley, A., 2007, Pleistocene Brawley and Ocotillo Formations: Evidence for initial strike-slip deformation along the San Felipe and San Jacinto fault zonez, Southern California: Journal of Geology, v. 115, no. 1, p. 43-62, https://doi.org/10.1086/509248.","startPage":"43","endPage":"62","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213563,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/509248"},{"id":241197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c3fe4b0c8380cd798a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, S.M.","contributorId":46774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Janecke, S. U.","contributorId":42296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janecke","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dorsey, R.J.","contributorId":45115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsey","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Housen, B.A.","contributorId":37958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Housen","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":439872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McDougall, K. A. 0000-0002-8788-3664","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-3664","contributorId":14848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougall","given":"K. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Steeley, A.N.","contributorId":41225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeley","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70033112,"text":"70033112 - 2007 - Evaluating nephrotoxicity of high-molecular-weight organic compounds in drinking water from lignite aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-15T20:30:44","indexId":"70033112","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2481,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating nephrotoxicity of high-molecular-weight organic compounds in drinking water from lignite aquifers","docAbstract":"High-molecular-weight organic compounds such as humic acids and/or fulvic acids that are naturally mobilized from lignite beds into untreated drinking-water supplies were suggested as one possible cause of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and cancer of the renal pelvis. A lab investigation was undertaken in order to assess the nephrotoxic potential of such organic compounds using an in vitro tissue culture model. Because of the infeasibility of exposing kidney tissue to low concentrations of organics for years in the lab, tangential flow ultrafiltration was employed to hyperconcentrate samples suitable for discerning effects in the short time frames necessitated by tissue culture systems. Effects on HK-2 kidney cells were measured using two different cell proliferation assays (MTT and alamarBlue). Results demonstrated that exposure of kidney tissue to high-molecular-weight organics produced excess cell death or proliferation depending on concentration and duration of exposure. Copyright ?? Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/15287390701551274","issn":"15287394","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, J., Tatu, C., Lerch, H., Orem, W., and Pavlovic, N., 2007, Evaluating nephrotoxicity of high-molecular-weight organic compounds in drinking water from lignite aquifers: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, v. 70, no. 24, p. 2089-2091, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701551274.","startPage":"2089","endPage":"2091","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213528,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287390701551274"},{"id":241158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0beae4b0c8380cd5293c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, J.E.","contributorId":63512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tatu, C. A.","contributorId":89942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tatu","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lerch, H.E.","contributorId":100371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orem, W. H. 0000-0003-4990-0539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":93084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"W. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pavlovic, N.","contributorId":13912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031163,"text":"70031163 - 2007 - Modeling grain size variations of aeolian gypsum deposits at White Sands, New Mexico, using AVIRIS imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031163","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling grain size variations of aeolian gypsum deposits at White Sands, New Mexico, using AVIRIS imagery","docAbstract":"Visible and Near-Infrared (VNIR) through Short Wavelength Infrared (SWIR) (0.4-2.5????m) AVIRIS data, along with laboratory spectral measurements and analyses of field samples, were used to characterize grain size variations in aeolian gypsum deposits across barchan-transverse, parabolic, and barchan dunes at White Sands, New Mexico, USA. All field samples contained a mineralogy of ?????100% gypsum. In order to document grain size variations at White Sands, surficial gypsum samples were collected along three Transects parallel to the prevailing downwind direction. Grain size analyses were carried out on the samples by sieving them into seven size fractions ranging from 45 to 621????m, which were subjected to spectral measurements. Absorption band depths of the size fractions were determined after applying an automated continuum-removal procedure to each spectrum. Then, the relationship between absorption band depth and gypsum size fraction was established using a linear regression. Three software processing steps were carried out to measure the grain size variations of gypsum in the Dune Area using AVIRIS data. AVIRIS mapping results, field work and laboratory analysis all show that the interdune areas have lower absorption band depth values and consist of finer grained gypsum deposits. In contrast, the dune crest areas have higher absorption band depth values and consist of coarser grained gypsum deposits. Based on laboratory estimates, a representative barchan-transverse dune (Transect 1) has a mean grain size of 1.16 ??{symbol} (449????m). The error bar results show that the error ranges from - 50 to + 50????m. Mean grain size for a representative parabolic dune (Transect 2) is 1.51 ??{symbol} (352????m), and 1.52 ??{symbol} (347????m) for a representative barchan dune (Transect 3). T-test results confirm that there are differences in the grain size distributions between barchan and parabolic dunes and between interdune and dune crest areas. The t-test results also show that there are no significant differences between modeled and laboratory-measured grain size values. Hyperspectral grain size modeling can help to determine dynamic processes shaping the formation of the dunes such as wind directions, and the relative strengths of winds through time. This has implications for studying such processes on other planetary landforms that have mineralogy with unique absorption bands in VNIR-SWIR hyperspectral data. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.10.013","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Ghrefat, H., Goodell, P., Hubbard, B., Langford, R., and Aldouri, R., 2007, Modeling grain size variations of aeolian gypsum deposits at White Sands, New Mexico, using AVIRIS imagery: Geomorphology, v. 88, no. 1-2, p. 57-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.10.013.","startPage":"57","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211433,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.10.013"},{"id":238719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bfce4b0c8380cd6f955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ghrefat, H.A.","contributorId":107492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghrefat","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodell, P.C.","contributorId":42028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodell","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hubbard, B.E.","contributorId":53576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Langford, R.P.","contributorId":70589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langford","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aldouri, R.E.","contributorId":14190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldouri","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029709,"text":"70029709 - 2007 - Human influence on California fire regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029709","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Human influence on California fire regimes","docAbstract":"Periodic wildfire maintains the integrity and species composition of many ecosystems, including the mediterranean-climate shrublands of California. However, human activities alter natural fire regimes, which can lead to cascading ecological effects. Increased human ignitions at the wildland-urban interface (WUI) have recently gained attention, but fire activity and risk are typically estimated using only biophysical variables. Our goal was to determine how humans influence fire in California and to examine whether this influence was linear, by relating contemporary (2000) and historic (1960-2000) fire data to both human and biophysical variables. Data for the human variables included fine-resolution maps of the WUI produced using housing density and land cover data. Interface WUI, where development abuts wildland vegetation, was differentiated from intermix WUI, where development intermingles with wildland vegetation. Additional explanatory variables included distance to WUI, population density, road density, vegetation type, and ecoregion. All data were summarized at the county level and analyzed using bivariate and multiple regression methods. We found highly significant relationships between humans and fire on the contemporary landscape, and our models explained fire frequency (R2 = 0.72) better than area burned (R2 = 0.50). Population density, intermix WUI, and distance to WUI explained the most variability in fire frequency, suggesting that the spatial pattern of development may be an important variable to consider when estimating fire risk. We found nonlinear effects such that fire frequency and area burned were highest at intermediate levels of human activity, but declined beyond certain thresholds. Human activities also explained change in fire frequency and area burned (1960-2000), but our models had greater explanatory power during the years 1960-1980, when there was more dramatic change in fire frequency. Understanding wildfire as a function of the spatial arrangement of ignitions and fuels on the landscape, in addition to nonlinear relationships, will be important to fire managers and conservation planners because fire risk may be related to specific levels of housing density that can be accounted for in land use planning. With more fires occurring in close proximity to human infrastructure, there may also be devastating ecological impacts if development continues to grow farther into wildland vegetation. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/06-1128.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Syphard, A., Radeloff, V.C., Keeley, J., Hawbaker, T., Clayton, M., Stewart, S.I., and Hammer, R.B., 2007, Human influence on California fire regimes: Ecological Applications, v. 17, no. 5, p. 1388-1402, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1128.1.","startPage":"1388","endPage":"1402","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212997,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1128.1"},{"id":240575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a327fe4b0c8380cd5e858","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Syphard, A.D.","contributorId":68950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Syphard","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Radeloff, V. C.","contributorId":58467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Radeloff","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawbaker, T. J.","contributorId":98118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clayton, M.K.","contributorId":38365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, S. I.","contributorId":99779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hammer, R. B.","contributorId":77744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammer","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030964,"text":"70030964 - 2007 - Thioarsenates in geothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park: Determination, preservation, and geochemical importance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T08:33:27","indexId":"70030964","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thioarsenates in geothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park: Determination, preservation, and geochemical importance","docAbstract":"

Mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrathioarsenate, as well as methylated arsenic oxy- and thioanions, were determined besides arsenite and arsenate in geothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park using anion-exchange chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Retention time match with synthetic standards, measured S:As ratios, and molecular electrospray mass spectra support the identification. Acidification was unsuitable for arsenic species preservation in sulfidic waters, with HCl addition causing loss of total dissolved arsenic, presumably by precipitation of arsenic-sulfides. Flash-freezing is preferred for the preservation of arsenic species for several weeks. After thawing, samples must be analyzed immediately. Thioarsenates occurred over a pH range of 2.1 to 9.3 in the geothermal waters. They clearly predominated under alkaline conditions (up to 83% of total arsenic), but monothioarsenate also was detected in acidic waters (up to 34%). Kinetic studies along a drainage channel showed the importance of thioarsenates for the fate of arsenic discharged from the sulfidic hot spring. The observed arsenic speciation changes suggest three separate reactions: the transformation of trithioarsenate to arsenite (major initial reaction), the stepwise ligand exchange from tri- via di- and monothioarsenate to arsenate (minor reaction), and the oxidation of arsenite to arsenate, which only becomes quantitatively important after thioarsenates have disappeared.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es070273v","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Planer-Friedrich, B., London, J., McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., and Wallschlager, D., 2007, Thioarsenates in geothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park: Determination, preservation, and geochemical importance: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 15, p. 5245-5251, https://doi.org/10.1021/es070273v.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"5245","endPage":"5251","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211362,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es070273v"},{"id":238640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.368408203125,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -109.522705078125,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -109.522705078125,\n 45.19752230305682\n ],\n [\n -111.368408203125,\n 45.19752230305682\n ],\n [\n -111.368408203125,\n 43.67581809328341\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb2c0e4b08c986b3259b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Planer-Friedrich, B.","contributorId":87749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Planer-Friedrich","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"London, J.","contributorId":22931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"London","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wallschlager, D.","contributorId":38357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallschlager","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}