Soil-covered upland landscapes constitute a critical part of the habitable world. Our understanding of how they evolve as a function of different climatic, tectonic and geological regimes is important across a wide range of disciplines and depends, in part, on understanding the links between chemical and physical weathering processes. Extensive previous work has shown that soil production rates decrease with increasing soil column thickness, but chemical weathering rates were not measured. Here we examine a granitic, soil-mantled hillslope at Point Reyes, California, where soil production rates were determined using in situ produced cosmogenic nuclides (10Be and 26Al), and we quantify the extent as well as the rates of chemical weathering of the saprolite from beneath soil from across the landscape. We collected saprolite samples from the base of soil pits and analysed them for abrasion pH as well as for major and trace elements by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and for clay mineralogy by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Our results show for the first time that chemical weathering rates decrease with increasing soil thickness and account for 13 to 51 per cent of total denudation. We also show that spatial variation in chemical weathering appears to be topographically controlled: weathering rate decreases with slope across the divergent ridge and increases with upslope contributing area in the convergent swale. Furthermore, to determine the best measure for the extent of saprolite weathering, we compared four different chemical weathering indices – the Vogt ratio, the chemical index of alteration (CIA), Parker's index, and the silicon–aluminium ratio – with saprolite pH. Measurements of the CIA were the most closely correlated with saprolite pH, showing that weathering intensity decreases linearly with an increase in saprolite pH from 4·7 to almost 7. Data presented here are among the first to couple directly rates of soil production and chemical weathering with how topography is likely to control weathering at a hillslope scale.
Sierra Negra volcano in Isabela island, Galápagos, erupted from October 22 to October 30 in 2005. During the 8 days of eruption, the center of Sierra Negra's caldera subsided about 5.4 meters. Three hours prior to the onset of the eruption, an earthquake (Mw 5.4) occurred, near the caldera. Because of the large and complex phase gradient due to the huge subsidence and the earthquake, it is difficult to form an interferogram inside the caldera that spans the eruption. The deformation is so large and spatially variable that the approximations used in existing InSAR software (ROI, ROI_PAC, DORIS, GAMMA) cannot properly coregister SAR image pairs spanning the eruption. We have developed here a two-step algorithm that can form intra-caldera interferograms from these data. The first step involves a \"rubber-sheeting\" SAR image coregistration. In the second step we use range offset estimates to mitigate the steep phase gradient. Using this new algorithm, we retrieve an interferogram with the best coverage to date inside the caldera of Sierra Negra.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007GL029745","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Yun, S., Zebker, H., Segall, P., Hooper, A., and Poland, M.P., 2007, Interferogram formation in the presence of complex and large deformation: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 34, no. 12, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL029745.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240420,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Galápagos","otherGeospatial":"Isabela island, Sierra Negra volcano","volume":"34","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cfde4b0c8380cd631ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yun, S.-H.","contributorId":11004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yun","given":"S.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zebker, H.","contributorId":25276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zebker","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Segall, P.","contributorId":44231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Segall","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hooper, A.","contributorId":19781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":79828,"text":"sir20065323 - 2007 - Hydrology and Flood Profiles of Duck Creek and Jordan Creek Downstream from Egan Drive, Juneau, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:13","indexId":"sir20065323","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5323","title":"Hydrology and Flood Profiles of Duck Creek and Jordan Creek Downstream from Egan Drive, Juneau, Alaska","docAbstract":"Hydrologic and hydraulic updates for Duck Creek and the lower part of Jordan Creek in Juneau, Alaska, included computation of new estimates of peak streamflow magnitudes and new water-surface profiles for the 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year floods. Computations for the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, 200-, and 500-year recurrence interval flood magnitudes for both streams used data from U.S. Geological Survey stream-gaging stations weighted with regional regression equations for southeast Alaska. The study area for the hydraulic model consisted of three channels: Duck Creek from Taku Boulevard near the stream's headwaters to Radcliffe Road near the end of the Juneau International Airport runway, an unnamed tributary to Duck Creek from Valley Boulevard to its confluence with Duck Creek, and Jordan Creek from a pedestrian bridge upstream from Egan Drive to Crest Street at Juneau International Airport. Field surveys throughout the study area provided channel geometry for 206 cross sections, and geometric and hydraulic characteristics for 29 culverts and 15 roadway, driveway, or pedestrian bridges. Hydraulic modeling consisted of application of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) for steady-state flow at the selected recurrence intervals using an assumed high tide of 20 feet and roughness coefficients refined by calibration to measured water-surface elevations from a 2- to 5-year flood that occurred on November 21, 2005. Model simulation results identify inter-basin flow from Jordan Creek to the southeast at Egan Drive and from Duck Creek to Jordan Creek downstream from Egan Drive at selected recurrence intervals.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20065323","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City and Borough of Juneau","usgsCitation":"Curran, J.H., 2007, Hydrology and Flood Profiles of Duck Creek and Jordan Creek Downstream from Egan Drive, Juneau, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5323, vi, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065323.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"0","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9524,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5323/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d587","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curran, Janet H. 0000-0002-3899-6275 jcurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-6275","contributorId":690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Janet","email":"jcurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029803,"text":"70029803 - 2007 - Mechanical properties of sand, silt, and clay containing tetrahydrofuran hydrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T16:07:22","indexId":"70029803","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanical properties of sand, silt, and clay containing tetrahydrofuran hydrate","docAbstract":"The mechanical behavior of hydrate-bearing sediments subjected to large strains has relevance for the stability of the seafloor and submarine slopes, drilling and coring operations, and the analysis of certain small-strain properties of these sediments (for example, seismic velocities). This study reports on the results of comprehensive axial compression triaxial tests conducted at up to 1 MPa confining pressure on sand, crushed silt, precipitated silt, and clay specimens with closely controlled concentrations of synthetic hydrate. The results show that the stress-strain behavior of hydrate-bearing sediments is a complex function of particle size, confining pressure, and hydrate concentration. The mechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments at low hydrate concentration (probably < 40% of pore space) appear to be determined by stress-dependent soil stiffness and strength. At high hydrate concentrations (>50% of pore space), the behavior becomes more independent of stress because the hydrates control both stiffness and strength and possibly the dilative tendency of sediments by effectively increasing interparticle coordination, cementing particles together, and filling the pore space. The cementation contribution to the shear strength of hydrate-bearing sediments decreases with increasing specific surface of soil minerals. The lower the effective confining stress, the greater the impact of hydrate formation on normalized strength.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004484","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Yun, T., Santamarina, J., and Ruppel, C., 2007, Mechanical properties of sand, silt, and clay containing tetrahydrofuran hydrate: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 4, B04106; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004484.","productDescription":"B04106; 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477095,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004484","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a535be4b0c8380cd6ca0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yun, T.S.","contributorId":26141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yun","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Santamarina, J.C.","contributorId":50283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santamarina","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppel, C.","contributorId":82050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029810,"text":"70029810 - 2007 - Regional differences in size-at-age of the recovering burbot (Lota lota) population in Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-02T09:40:56","indexId":"70029810","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional differences in size-at-age of the recovering burbot (Lota lota) population in Lake Erie","docAbstract":"The burbot Lota lota population in Lake Erie increased dramatically between 1995 and 2003, due mainly to control of the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus, which began in the late 1980s. We estimated total length- and weight-at-age at capture for burbot caught in annual gillnet surveys of eastern Lake Erie during August 1994–2003. Mean total length was generally greater for burbot age 4–9 years that were caught in New York waters than in either Ontario or Pennsylvania waters of Lake Erie. Similarly, mean weight was greater for burbot at ages 4 through 6 years in New York waters than in either Ontario or Pennsylvania waters. Age-9 burbot caught in Ontario waters had greater mean weight and mean total length than did age-9 burbot caught in Pennsylvania waters. One possible explanation for greater length- and weight-at-age for New York burbot may be greater abundance of prey fishes, particularly rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax and round goby Neogobius melanostomus in New York waters. Total lengths at ages 4–10 years were generally greater for burbot caught in Lake Erie during 1994–2003 than those from published studies of other large lakes in North America that we considered, including for Lake Erie in 1946. The regional differences in size-at-age have important management ramifications, particularly because a commercial fishery targeting burbot has been considered for Ontario waters of Lake Erie.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[91:RDISOT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M., Madenjian, C., and Tost, J., 2007, Regional differences in size-at-age of the recovering burbot (Lota lota) population in Lake Erie: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. Supplement 1, p. 91-102, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[91:RDISOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"102","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212889,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[91:RDISOT]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4bde4b0e8fec6cdbc3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, M.A.","contributorId":65437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tost, J.","contributorId":71002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tost","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79979,"text":"pp1732D - 2007 - Estimating the amount of eroded section in a partially exhumed basin from geophysical well logs: An example from the North Slope","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":79979,"text":"pp1732D - 2007 - Estimating the amount of eroded section in a partially exhumed basin from geophysical well logs: An example from the North Slope","indexId":"pp1732D","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Estimating the amount of eroded section in a partially exhumed basin from geophysical well logs: An example from the North Slope"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":79483,"text":"pp1732 - 2006 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005","indexId":"pp1732","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":79483,"text":"pp1732 - 2006 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005","indexId":"pp1732","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-09T15:20:59.351701","indexId":"pp1732D","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1732","chapter":"D","title":"Estimating the amount of eroded section in a partially exhumed basin from geophysical well logs: An example from the North Slope","docAbstract":"The reconstruction of burial and thermal histories of partially exhumed basins requires an estimation of the amount of erosion that has occurred since the time of maximum burial. We have developed a method for estimating eroded thickness by using porosity-depth trends derived from borehole sonic logs of wells in the Colville Basin of northern Alaska. Porosity-depth functions defined from sonic-porosity logs in wells drilled in minimally eroded parts of the basin provide a baseline for comparison with the porosity-depth trends observed in other wells across the basin. Calculated porosities, based on porosity-depth functions, were fitted to the observed data in each well by varying the amount of section assumed to have been eroded from the top of the sedimentary column. The result is an estimate of denudation at the wellsite since the time of maximum sediment accumulation. Alternative methods of estimating exhumation include fission-track analysis and projection of trendlines through vitrinite-reflectance profiles. In the Colville Basin, the methodology described here provides results generally similar to those from fission-track analysis and vitrinite-reflectance profiles, but with greatly improved spatial resolution relative to the published fission-track data and with improved reliability relative to the vitrinite-reflectance data. In addition, the exhumation estimates derived from sonic-porosity logs are independent of the thermal evolution of the basin, allowing these estimates to be used as independent variables in thermal-history modeling.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005 (Professional Paper 1732)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1732D","usgsCitation":"Burns, W.M., Hayba, D.O., Rowan, E.L., and Houseknecht, D.W., 2007, Estimating the amount of eroded section in a partially exhumed basin from geophysical well logs: An example from the North Slope: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1732, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1732D.","productDescription":"18 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191970,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415479,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81295.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9706,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1732/pp1732d/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166,\n 71.5\n ],\n [\n -166,\n 68.5\n ],\n [\n -145.5,\n 68.5\n ],\n [\n -145.5,\n 71.5\n ],\n [\n -166,\n 71.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688bd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns, W. Matthew","contributorId":56742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayba, Daniel O. 0000-0003-4092-1894 dhayba@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-1894","contributorId":396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayba","given":"Daniel","email":"dhayba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowan, Elisabeth L. 0000-0001-5753-6189 erowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-6189","contributorId":2075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Elisabeth","email":"erowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035414,"text":"70035414 - 2007 - Metallogeny of the nikolai large igneous province (LIP) in southern alaska and its influence on the mineral potential of the talkeetna mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035414","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metallogeny of the nikolai large igneous province (LIP) in southern alaska and its influence on the mineral potential of the talkeetna mountains","docAbstract":"Recent geologic mapping has identified areas of extrusive basalts of the Middle to Late Triassic Nikolai Greenstone within the Wrangellia terrane that extend at least 80 km southwest of their previously known extent. Abundant dolerite sills of similar composition intrude Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratigraphy below the Nikolai throughout the central Talkeetna Mountains. The Talkeetna Mountains, therefore, have newly identified potential for copper, nickel, and platinum-group elements (PGEs) as disseminated, net-textured, or massive magmatic sulfide deposits hosted in mafic and ultramafic sill-form complexes related to emplacement of the Nikolai. Because of their potential high grades, similar magmatic sulfide targets have been the focus of increasing mineral exploration activity over the last decade in the Amphitheater Mountains and central Alaska Range, 100-200 km to the northeast. The Nikolai Greenstone, associated intrusions, and their metamorphosed equivalents also have potential to host stratabound disseminated \"basaltic copper\" deposits. Sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks overlying the Nikolai have the potential to host stratabound, disseminated, or massive \"reduced-facies\" type Cu-Ag deposits. Ultramafic rocks have been identified only in the extreme northeastern Talkeetna Mountains to date. However, coincident gravity and magnetic highs along the leading (northwestern) edge of and within Wrangellia in the Talkeetna and Clearwater Mountains suggest several areas that are highly prospective for ultramafic rocks related to extrusion of Nikolai lavas. In particular, the distribution, geometry, and composition of sills within the pre-Nikolai stratigraphy and the structural and tectonic controls on intrusive versus extrusive rock distribution deserve serious examination. Copyright ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(24)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, J., and Rogers, R., 2007, Metallogeny of the nikolai large igneous province (LIP) in southern alaska and its influence on the mineral potential of the talkeetna mountains: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 431, p. 623-648, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(24).","startPage":"623","endPage":"648","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215347,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(24)"},{"id":243142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a54f0e4b0c8380cd6d09e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, J.M.","contributorId":97916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, R.K.","contributorId":93292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031386,"text":"70031386 - 2007 - Analysis of multiple enteric viral targets as sewage markers in coral reefs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-30T12:30:56","indexId":"70031386","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of multiple enteric viral targets as sewage markers in coral reefs","docAbstract":"Water and coral mucus samples were collected from throughout the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and the Dry Tortugas for three years and were analyzed for human enteric viruses (enteroviruses, noroviruses, hepatitis A virus and adenoviruses) as conservative markers of human sewage using molecular methods. Of the 100 coral and water samples collected, 40 contained genetic material from one or more human enteric viruses. DNA-based adenoviruses were detected widely, in 37.8% of samples and at 91% of stations, including ‘pristine’ reefs in the Dry Tortugas; however, the detection rate was ⩽12% for the RNA-based enteroviruses and noroviruses (hepatitis A virus was never detected). The disparity between the prevalence of RNA- and DNA-based viruses suggests the need for additional work to determine the utility of adenovirus as marker of human sewage.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.08.001","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Lipp, E.K., Futch, J., and Griffin, D.W., 2007, Analysis of multiple enteric viral targets as sewage markers in coral reefs: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 54, no. 12, p. 1897-1902, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.08.001.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1897","endPage":"1902","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240062,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 25.94816628853973\n ],\n [\n -79.9200439453125,\n 25.54244147012483\n ],\n [\n -80.2166748046875,\n 25.04081549894912\n ],\n [\n -80.8648681640625,\n 24.56211235799689\n ],\n [\n -81.5789794921875,\n 24.412140070651528\n ],\n [\n -82.6336669921875,\n 24.382124181118236\n ],\n [\n -83.07861328125,\n 24.45215015618098\n ],\n [\n -83.1060791015625,\n 24.696934226366672\n ],\n [\n -82.5787353515625,\n 24.806681353851964\n ],\n [\n -81.3262939453125,\n 24.926294766395593\n ],\n [\n -80.760498046875,\n 25.224820176765036\n ],\n [\n -80.4364013671875,\n 25.606855993715016\n ],\n [\n -80.343017578125,\n 25.849336891707605\n ],\n [\n -80.2056884765625,\n 25.93828707492375\n ],\n [\n -80.04638671875,\n 25.96792222903405\n ],\n [\n -79.91455078125,\n 25.94816628853973\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb22e4b0c8380cd48c43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipp, Erin K.","contributorId":73823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipp","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Futch, J. 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Improved models are needed for better prediction and wider applicability. We developed a basic framework from which new and existing models can be derived to facilitate improvements. Starting from the assumption that every particle has a characteristic dimension R associated uniquely with a matric pressure ψ and that the form of the ψ–R relation is the defining characteristic of each model, this framework leads to particular models by specification of geometric relationships between pores and particles. Typical assumptions are that particles are spheres, pores are cylinders with volume equal to the associated particle volume times the void ratio, and that the capillary inverse proportionality between radius and matric pressure is valid. Examples include fixed-pore-shape and fixed-pore-length models. We also developed alternative versions of the model of Arya and Paris that eliminate its interval-size dependence and other problems. 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","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/vzj2007.0019","issn":"15391663","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., Herkelrath, W.N., and Laguna, L., 2007, Physically based estimation of soil water retention from textural data: General framework, new models, and streamlined existing models: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 6, no. 4, p. 766-773, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2007.0019.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"766","endPage":"773","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498910,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2007.0019","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239755,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7af0e4b0c8380cd7918e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herkelrath, William N. 0000-0002-6149-5524 wnherkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-5524","contributorId":2612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkelrath","given":"William","email":"wnherkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laguna, Luna","contributorId":12694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laguna","given":"Luna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031387,"text":"70031387 - 2007 - The 3D fault and vein architecture of strike-slip releasing- and restraining bends: Evidence from volcanic-centre-relatedmineral deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70031387","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The 3D fault and vein architecture of strike-slip releasing- and restraining bends: Evidence from volcanic-centre-relatedmineral deposits","docAbstract":"High-temperature, volcanic-centre-related hydrothermal systems involve large fluid-flow volumes and are observed to have high discharge rates in the order of 100-400 kg/s. The flows and discharge occur predominantly on networks of critically stressed fractures. The coupling of hydrothermal fluid flow with deformation produces the volumes of veins found in epithermal mineral deposits. Owing to this coupling, veins provide information on the fault-fracture architecture in existence at the time of mineralization. They therefore provide information on the nature of deformation within fault zones, and the relations between different fault sets. The Virginia City and Goldfield mining districts, Nevada, were localized in zones of strike-slip transtension in an Early to Mid-Miocene volcanic belt along the western margin of North America. The Camp Douglas mining area occurs within the same belt, but is localized in a zone of strike-slip transpression. The vein systems in these districts record the spatial evolution of strike-slip extensional and contractional stepovers, as well as geometry of faulting in and adjacent to points along strike-slip faults where displacement has been interrupted and transferred into releasing and restraining stepovers. ?? The Geological Society of London 2007.","largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society Special Publication","language":"English","doi":"10.1144/SP290.18","issn":"03058719","isbn":"9781862392380","usgsCitation":"Berger, B.R., 2007, The 3D fault and vein architecture of strike-slip releasing- and restraining bends: Evidence from volcanic-centre-relatedmineral deposits, in Geological Society Special Publication, no. 290, p. 447-471, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP290.18.","startPage":"447","endPage":"471","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212561,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/SP290.18"},{"id":240063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"290","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba655e4b08c986b321073","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cunningham W.D.Mann P.","contributorId":128457,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Cunningham W.D.Mann P.","id":536661,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Berger, B. 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This sequence of formations was deposited intermittently within and near an epicontinental seaway during the Cenomanian, Turonian, and Coniacian stages of the Cretaceous. It encloses three conspicuous and widespread disconformities that reflect regional marine regressions and transgressions as well as moderate tectonism. The disconformities and associated lacunae occupy three large areas within Wyoming, Colorado, and adjoining states. In parts of that region, as in northwestern Wyoming, a lacuna can represent more than one period of erosion and more than a single disconformity. Evidence for these disconformities was obtained from about 175 collections of molluscan fossils and from sedimentological studies of outcrops and borehole logs, supplemented by previously published data.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wyoming Geology and Geophysics ","doi":"10.2113/gsrocky.42.2.95","issn":"15557332","usgsCitation":"Merewether, E.A., Cobban, W., and Obradovich, J.D., 2007, Regional disconformities in Turonian and Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) strata in Colorado, Wyoming, and adjoining states - Biochronological evidence: Rocky Mountain Geology, v. 42, no. 2, p. 95-122, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsrocky.42.2.95.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"122","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268085,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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Allen merewether@usgs.gov","contributorId":3586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merewether","given":"E.","email":"merewether@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Allen","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cobban, William A.","contributorId":99529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobban","given":"William A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Obradovich, John D.","contributorId":84361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obradovich","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031397,"text":"70031397 - 2007 - Ground motion issues for seismic analysis of tall buildings: A status report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T14:46:24","indexId":"70031397","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3483,"text":"Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground motion issues for seismic analysis of tall buildings: A status report","docAbstract":"The Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) is coordinating a major multidisciplinary programme, the Tall Buildings Initiative (TBI), to address critical technical issues related to the design and analysis of new tall buildings located in coastal California. The authors of this paper, listed alphabetically, are involved in various research studies related to ground motion modelling, selection, modification and simulation for analysis of tall buildings. This paper summarizes the scope and progress of ongoing activities related to ground motion issues for response history analysis of tall buildings.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tal.438","issn":"15417794","usgsCitation":"Bozorgnia, Y., Campbell, K., Luco, N., Moehle, J., Naeim, F., Somerville, P., and Yang, T., 2007, Ground motion issues for seismic analysis of tall buildings: A status report: Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, v. 16, no. 5, p. 665-674, https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.438.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"665","endPage":"674","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212231,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tal.438"}],"volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2a99e4b0c8380cd5b2da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bozorgnia, Y.","contributorId":51427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bozorgnia","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, K.W.","contributorId":26309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luco, N.","contributorId":34240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moehle, J.P.","contributorId":33920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moehle","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Naeim, F.","contributorId":43169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeim","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Somerville, P.","contributorId":41158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Somerville","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yang, T.Y.","contributorId":81311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"T.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030575,"text":"70030575 - 2007 - Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70030575","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment","docAbstract":"Recent expansions by Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) into nonforested habitats across the Intermountain West have required managers to reconsider the traditional paradigms of forage and cover as they relate to managing elk and their habitats. We examined seasonal habitat selection patterns of a hunted elk population in a nonforested high-desert region of southwestern Wyoming, USA. We used 35,246 global positioning system locations collected from 33 adult female elk to model probability of use as a function of 6 habitat variables: slope, aspect, elevation, habitat diversity, distance to shrub cover, and distance to road. We developed resource selection probability functions for individual elk, and then we averaged the coefficients to estimate population-level models for summer and winter periods. We used the population-level models to generate predictive maps by assigning pixels across the study area to 1 of 4 use categories (i.e., high, medium-high, medium-low, or low), based on quartiles of the predictions. Model coefficients and predictive maps indicated that elk selected for summer habitats characterized by higher elevations in areas of high vegetative diversity, close to shrub cover, northerly aspects, moderate slopes, and away from roads. Winter habitat selection patterns were similar, except elk shifted to areas with lower elevations and southerly aspects. We validated predictive maps by using 528 locations collected from an independent sample of radiomarked elk (n = 55) and calculating the proportion of locations that occurred in each of the 4 use categories. Together, the high- and medium-high use categories of the summer and winter predictive maps contained 92% and 74% of summer and winter elk locations, respectively. Our population-level models and associated predictive maps were successful in predicting winter and summer habitat use by elk in a nonforested environment. In the absence of forest cover, elk seemed to rely on a combination of shrubs, topography, and low human disturbance to meet their thermal and hiding cover requirements.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-131","issn":"00225","usgsCitation":"Sawyer, H., Nielson, R.M., Lindzey, F., Keith, L., Powell, J., and Abraham, A., 2007, Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 3, p. 868-874, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-131.","startPage":"868","endPage":"874","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212104,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-131"},{"id":239527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f26e4b0c8380cd5cb29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sawyer, H.","contributorId":59910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielson, R. M.","contributorId":22967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindzey, F.G.","contributorId":12660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindzey","given":"F.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keith, L.","contributorId":77866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powell, J.H.","contributorId":60018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abraham, A.A.","contributorId":103082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030927,"text":"70030927 - 2007 - Genetic analysis confirms first record of polygyny in Cooper's Hawks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70030927","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic analysis confirms first record of polygyny in Cooper's Hawks","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3356/0892-1016(2007)41[230:GACFRO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Rosenfield, R.N., Driscoll, T.G., Franckowiak, R., Rosenfield, L.J., Sloss, B., and Bozek, M.A., 2007, Genetic analysis confirms first record of polygyny in Cooper's Hawks: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 41, no. 3, p. 230-234, https://doi.org/10.3356/0892-1016(2007)41[230:GACFRO]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"230","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211330,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3356/0892-1016(2007)41[230:GACFRO]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":238601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1561e4b0c8380cd54db5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenfield, Robert N.","contributorId":94013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenfield","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Timothy G.","contributorId":42027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franckowiak, R.P.","contributorId":39917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franckowiak","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenfield, Laura J.","contributorId":80073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenfield","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sloss, Brian L.","contributorId":9754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloss","given":"Brian L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bozek, Michael A.","contributorId":51030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bozek","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035635,"text":"70035635 - 2007 - Geology of the Yucca Mountain site area, southwestern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-07T15:10:58","indexId":"70035635","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2711,"text":"Memoir of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of the Yucca Mountain site area, southwestern Nevada","docAbstract":"Yucca Mountain in southwestern Nevada is a prominent, irregularly shaped upland formed by a thick apron of Miocene pyroclastic-flow and fallout tephra deposits, with minor lava flows, that was segmented by through-going, large-displacement normal faults into a series of north-trending, eastwardly tilted structural blocks. The principal volcanic-rock units are the Tiva Canyon and Topopah Spring Tuffs of the Paintbrush Group, which consist of volumetrically large eruptive sequences derived from compositionally distinct magma bodies in the nearby southwestern Nevada volcanic field, and are classic examples of a magmatic zonation characterized by an upper crystal-rich (>10% crystal fragments) member, a more voluminous lower crystal-poor (<5% crystal fragments) member, and an intervening thin transition zone. Rocks within the crystal-poor member of the Topopah Spring Tuff, lying some 280 m below the crest of Yucca Mountain, constitute the proposed host rock to be excavated for the storage of high-level radioactive wastes. Separation of the tuffaceous rock formations into subunits that allow for detailed mapping and structural interpretations is based on macroscopic features, most importantly the relative abundance of lithophysae and the degree of welding. The latter feature, varying from nonwelded through partly and moderately welded to densely welded, exerts a strong control on matrix porosities and other rock properties that provide essential criteria for distinguishing hydrogeologic and thermal mechanical units, which are of major interest in evaluating the suitability of Yucca Mountain to host a safe and permanent geologic repository for waste storage. A thick and varied sequence of surficial deposits mantle large parts of the Yucca Mountain site area. Mapping of these deposits and associated soils in exposures and in the walls of trenches excavated across buried faults provides evidence for multiple surface-rupturing events along all of the major faults during Pleistocene and Holocene times; these paleoseismic studies form the basis for evaluating the potential for future earthquakes and fault displacements. Thermoluminescence and U-series analyses were used to date the surficial materials involved in the Quaternary faulting events. The rate of erosional downcutting of bedrock on the ridge crests and hillslopes of Yucca Mountain, being of particular concern with respect to the potential for breaching of the proposed underground storage facility, was studied by using rock varnish cation-ratio and 10Be and 36Cl cosmogenic dating methods to determine the length of time bedrock outcrops and hillslope boulder deposits were exposed to cosmic rays, which then served as a basis for calculating long-term erosion rates. The results indicate rates ranging from 0.04 to 0.27 cm/k.y., which represent the maximum downcutting along the summit of Yucca Mountain under all climatic conditions that existed there during most of Quaternary time. Associated studies include the stratigraphy of surficial deposits in Fortymile Wash, the major drainage course in the area, which record a complex history of four to five cut-and-fill cycles within the channel during middle to late Quaternary time. The last 2-4 m of incision probably occurred during the last pluvial climatic period, 22-18 ka, followed by aggradation to the present time. Major faults at Yucca Mountain-from east to west, the Paintbrush Canyon, Bow Ridge, Stagecoach Road, Solitario Canyon, Fatigue Wash, Windy Wash, and Northern and Southern Crater Flat Faults-trend predominantly north, are spaced 1-5 km apart, have bedrock displacements ranging from 125 m to as much as 500 m, and exhibit Quaternary movements of several centimeters to a few meters. Displacements are predominantly down to the west, and bedrock/alluvium contacts commonly are marked by fault-line scarps. The predominant northerly fault trend changes to a more northeasterly trend in adjacent areas south ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Memoir of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.1199(03)","issn":"00721069","usgsCitation":"Keefer, W.R., Whitney, J., and Buesch, D., 2007, Geology of the Yucca Mountain site area, southwestern Nevada: Memoir of the Geological Society of America, v. 199, p. 53-103, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.1199(03).","startPage":"53","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"51","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216216,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.1199(03)"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.4,\n 36.4\n ],\n [\n -116.2,\n 36.4\n ],\n [\n -116.2,\n 36.8\n ],\n [\n -116.4,\n 36.8\n ],\n [\n -116.4,\n 36.4\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"199","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a26d4e4b0c8380cd593b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keefer, W. R.","contributorId":21538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefer","given":"W.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitney, J.W.","contributorId":27437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buesch, D.C. 0000-0002-4978-5027","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-5027","contributorId":73633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buesch","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035407,"text":"70035407 - 2007 - A ground penetrating radar investigation of a glacial-marine ice- contact delta, Pineo Ridge, eastern coastal Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035407","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A ground penetrating radar investigation of a glacial-marine ice- contact delta, Pineo Ridge, eastern coastal Maine","docAbstract":"In eastern coastal Maine, many flat-topped landforms, often identified as glacial-marine deltas, are cultivated for blueberry production. These agriculturally valuable features are not exploited for aggregate resources, severely limiting stratigraphic exposure. Coring is often forbidden; where permissible, coarse-grained surficial sediments make coring and sediment retrieval difficult. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has become an invaluable tool in an ongoing study of the otherwise inaccessible subsurface morphology in this region and provides a means of detailing the large-scale sedimentary structures comprising these features. GPR studies allow us to reassess previous depositional interpretations and to develop alternative developmental models. The work presented here focuses on Pineo Ridge, a large, flat-topped ice-marginal glacial-marine delta complex with a strong linear trend and two distinct landform zones, informally termed East Pineo and West Pineo. Previous workers have described each zone separately due to local morphological variation. Our GPR work further substantiates this geomorphic differentiation. East Pineo developed as a series of deltaic lobes prograding southward from an ice-contact margin during the local marine highstand. GPR data do not suggest postdepositional modification by ice-margin re-advance. We suggest that West Pineo has a more complex, two-stage depositional history. The southern section of the feature consists of southward-prograding deltaic lobes deposited during retreat of the Laurentide ice margin, with later erosional modification during marine regression. The northern section of West Pineo formed as a series of northward-prograd- ing deltaic lobes as sediment-laden meltwater may have been diverted by the existing deposits of the southern section of West Pineo. ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2007.2432(06)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Tary, A., Duncan, M.F., and Weddle, T., 2007, A ground penetrating radar investigation of a glacial-marine ice- contact delta, Pineo Ridge, eastern coastal Maine: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 432, p. 77-91, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2432(06).","startPage":"77","endPage":"91","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215315,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.2432(06)"},{"id":243110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"432","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e40de4b0c8380cd463a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tary, A.K.","contributorId":11026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tary","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncan, M. FitzGerald","contributorId":26900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"FitzGerald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weddle, T.K.","contributorId":60002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weddle","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030982,"text":"70030982 - 2007 - Putting it all together: Exhumation histories from a formal combination of heat flow and a suite of thermochronometers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-28T11:13:35.268476","indexId":"70030982","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Putting it all together: Exhumation histories from a formal combination of heat flow and a suite of thermochronometers","docAbstract":"A suite of new techniques in thermochronometry allow analysis of the thermal history of a sample over a broad range of temperature sensitivities. New analysis tools must be developed that fully and formally integrate these techniques, allowing a single geologic interpretation of the rate and timing of exhumation and burial events consistent with all data. We integrate a thermal model of burial and exhumation, (U-Th)/He age modeling, and fission track age and length modeling. We then use a genetic algorithm to efficiently explore possible time-exhumation histories of a vertical sample profile (such as a borehole), simultaneously solving for exhumation and burial rates as well as changes in background heat flow. We formally combine all data in a rigorous statistical fashion. By parameterizing the model in terms of exhumation rather than time-temperature paths (as traditionally done in fission track modeling), we can ensure that exhumation histories result in a sedimentary basin whose thickness is consistent with the observed basin, a physically based constraint that eliminates otherwise acceptable thermal histories. We apply the technique to heat flow and thermochronometry data from the 2.1 -km-deep San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth pilot hole near the San Andreas fault, California. We find that the site experienced <1 km of exhumation or burial since the onset of San Andreas fault activity
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004725","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"d'Alessio, M., and Williams, C., 2007, Putting it all together: Exhumation histories from a formal combination of heat flow and a suite of thermochronometers: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 8, B08412, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004725.","productDescription":"B08412, 17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477000,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004725","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238937,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9049e4b0c8380cd7fc46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"d'Alessio, M. A.","contributorId":43159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"d'Alessio","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, C.F. 0000-0003-2196-5496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":20401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031406,"text":"70031406 - 2007 - Influence of groundwater pumping on streamflow restoration following upstream dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-21T11:15:19.852527","indexId":"70031406","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of groundwater pumping on streamflow restoration following upstream dam removal","docAbstract":"We compared streamflow in basins under the combined impacts of an upland dam and groundwater pumping withdrawals, by examining streamflow in the presence and absence of each impact. As a qualitative analysis, inter-watershed streamflow comparisons were performed for several rivers flowing into the east side of the Central Valley, CA. Results suggest that, in the absence of upland dams supporting large reservoirs, some reaches of these rivers might develop ephemeral streamflow in late summer. As a quantitative analysis, we conducted a series of streamflow/groundwater simulations (using MODFLOW-2000 plus the streamflow routing package, SFR1) for a representative hypothetical watershed, with an upland dam and groundwater pumping in the downstream basin, under humid, semi-arid, and arid conditions. As a result of including the impact of groundwater pumping, post-dam removal simulated streamflow was significantly less than natural streamflow. The model predicts extensive ephemeral conditions in the basin during September for both the arid and semi-arid cases. The model predicts continued perennial conditions in the humid case, but spatially weighted, average streamflow of only 71% of natural September streamflow, as a result of continued pumping after dam removal.
Extrapolating results of laboratory bioassays to streams is difficult, because conditions such as temperature and dissolved metal concentrations can change substantially on diel time scales. Field bioassays conducted for 96 h in two mining‐affected streams compared the survival of hatchery‐raised, metal‐näive westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi) exposed to dissolved (0.1‐μm filtration) metal concentrations that either exhibited the diel variation observed in streams or were controlled at a constant value. Cadmium and Zn concentrations in these streams increased each night by as much as 61 and 125%, respectively, and decreased a corresponding amount the next day, whereas Cu did not display a diel concentration cycle. In High Ore Creek (40 km south of Helena, MT, USA), survival (33%) after exposure to natural diel‐fluctuating Zn concentrations (range, 214–634 μg/L; mean, 428 μg/L) was significantly (p = 0.008) higher than survival (14%) after exposure to a controlled, constant Zn concentration (422 μg/L). Similarly, in Dry Fork Belt Creek (70 km southeast of Great Falls, MT, USA), survival (75%) after exposure to diel‐fluctuating Zn concentrations (range, 266–522 μg/L; mean, 399 μg/L) was significantly (p = 0.022) higher than survival (50%) in the constant‐concentration treatment (392 μg/L). Survival likely was greater in these diel treatments, both because the periods of lower metal concentrations provided some relief for the fish and because toxicity during periods of higher metal concentrations was lessened by the simultaneous occurrence each night of lower water temperatures, which reduce the rate of metal uptake. Based on the present study, current water‐quality criteria appear to be protective for streams with diel concentration cycles of Zn (and, perhaps, Cd) for the hydrologic conditions tested.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1897/07-265.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D.A., Harper, D.D., Farag, A., Cleasby, T., MacConnell, E., and Skaar, D., 2007, Influence of in-stream diel concentration cycles of dissolved trace metals on acute toxicity to one-year-old cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 12, p. 2667-2678, https://doi.org/10.1897/07-265.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2667","endPage":"2678","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212261,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/07-265.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b44e4b0c8380cd62399","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harper, David D. 0000-0001-7061-8461 david_harper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7061-8461","contributorId":1140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"David","email":"david_harper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":431346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farag, Aida 0000-0003-4247-6763 aida_farag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6763","contributorId":200690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aida","email":"aida_farag@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cleasby, Tom 0000-0003-0694-1541 tcleasby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-1541","contributorId":1137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleasby","given":"Tom","email":"tcleasby@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":431347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"MacConnell, Elizabeth","contributorId":7861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacConnell","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skaar, D.","contributorId":28047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skaar","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031408,"text":"70031408 - 2007 - In situ time-series measurements of subseafloor sediment properties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-21T12:03:17.038477","indexId":"70031408","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1941,"text":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ time-series measurements of subseafloor sediment properties","docAbstract":"Remnants of a Late Triassic continental margin and ocean basin are scattered across central and southern Alaska. Little is known about the fundamental nature of the margin because most remnants have not been studied in detail and a protracted period of terrane accretion and margin-parallel translation has disrupted original stratigraphic and structural relationships.
\nThree new conodont collections were recovered from a sequence of Upper Triassic calcareous sedimentary rocks in the central Alaska Range. One of the three localities is north of the Denali fault system in an area previously thought to be underlain by an uninterrupted sequence of metamorphic rocks of the parautochthonous Yukon-Tanana terrane. Structural relations in the immediate vicinity of this conodont locality indicate that mid-Cretaceous(?) thrust faulting imbricated Paleozoic metaigneous rocks with the Triassic sedimentary rocks. This may reflect a closer pre-Cretaceous relationship between the Yukon-Tanana terrane and Late Triassic shelf and slope deposits than previously appreciated.
\nReexamination of existing conodont collections from the central Alaska Range indicates that Upper Triassic marine slope and basin rocks range in age from at least as old as the late Carnian to the early middle Norian. The conodont assemblages typical of these rocks are generally cosmopolitan and do not define a distinct paleogeographic faunal realm. One collection, however, containsEpigondolella multidentata sensu Orchard 1991c, which appears to be restricted to western North American autochthonous rocks. Although paleogeographic relations cannot be determined with specificity, the present distribution of biofaces within the Upper Triassic sequence could not have been the result of simple accordion-style collapse of the Late Triassic margin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2007.2431(08)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Till, A., Harris, A., Wardlaw, B.R., and Mullen, M., 2007, Upper triassic continental margin strata of the central alaska range: Implications for paleogeographic reconstruction: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, v. 431, p. 191-205, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2431(08).","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"205","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244070,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd5fe4b08c986b328fbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Till, A.B.","contributorId":37755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, A. G.","contributorId":39791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wardlaw, B. R.","contributorId":9269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardlaw","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mullen, M.","contributorId":101486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullen","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}