This report is a program documentation to the latest revision (1975) of the unsteady open-channel flow simulation model by the method of characteristics, Version 13 in the program series, which employs a multiple-reach scheme treating each subreach as a prismatic shape. A long waterway of variable cross section, properties and coefficients may be divided into a number of subreaches, each being considered uniform in geometry and in other factors. The basic method of characteristics using specified time intervals is applied to each subreach, and additional boundary conditions are imposed at the junctions between subreaches. For the user's convenience, the program incorporates several types of options covering input, accuracy, boundary conditions, data formats, output, and continuation. The program accepts input data in three forms. data cards only, cards and user-supplied subroutines, and cards and disk stage data. Boundary values are either stage or velocity and are given either in numerical data or equation form. The user may employ or bypass the extrapolation procedures by weighing the trade-off between accuracy and computer time. By eight output options provided in the program he can also tailor the outputs to suit his need and convenience.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70237807","usgsCitation":"Lai, C., and Onions, C.A., 1976, Computation of unsteady flows in rivers and estuaries by the method of characteristics, viii, 195 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70237807.","productDescription":"viii, 195 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":484998,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70237807/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":484927,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70237807/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lai, Chintu","contributorId":16860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lai","given":"Chintu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":934362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Onions, C. A.","contributorId":173446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Onions","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":934363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25312,"text":"25312 - 1976 - Accidents connected with federal oil and gas operations on the outer continental shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-09T13:47:16","indexId":"25312","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T13:44:54","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Accidents connected with federal oil and gas operations on the outer continental shelf","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/25312","issn":"0364-7064","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Accidents connected with federal oil and gas operations on the outer continental shelf, https://doi.org/10.3133/25312.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.86,18.18 ], [ -97.86,30.4 ], [ -81.04,30.4 ], [ -81.04,18.18 ], [ -97.86,18.18 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53be6461e4b0527d5d40979f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70119547,"text":"70119547 - 1976 - Thermal effects on fish ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-07T11:51:53","indexId":"70119547","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T11:51:06","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Thermal effects on fish ecology","docAbstract":"Of all the environmental factors that influence aquatic organisms, temperature is the most all-pervasive. There is always an environmental temperature while other factors may or may not be present to exert their effects. Fish are, for all practical purposes, thermal conformers, or obligate poikilotherms. That is, they are able to exert little significant influence on maintaining a certain body temperature by specialized metabolic or behavioral means. Their body temperature thus fluctuates nearly in concert with the temperature of their aquatic medium (although particularly large, actively-moving fish such as tuna have deep muscle temperatures slightly higher than the water). Intimate contact at the gills of body fluids with the outside water and the high specific heat of water provide a very efficient heat exchanger that insures this near identity of internal and external temperatures.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Environmental Science and Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Gordon and Breach Publishers","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Coutant, C.C., 1976, Thermal effects on fish ecology, chap. of Encyclopedia of Environmental Science and Engineering, p. 891-896.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"896","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e492d0e4b0fff40428a620","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coutant, Charles C.","contributorId":73507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coutant","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70260853,"text":"70260853 - 1976 - Limnological data report for the Maine Department of Environmental Protection: U.S. Geological Survey cooperative lake studies project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-24T18:06:44.64493","indexId":"70260853","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T11:36:19","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Limnological data report for the Maine Department of Environmental Protection: U.S. Geological Survey cooperative lake studies project","docAbstract":"The report contains physical, chemical, and biological information collected on 43 Maine lakes during the 1975 calendar year. Methods for the collection and analysis of the hydrologic data are outlined.
Physical characteristics listed include drainage area, surface area, surface elevation, volume, maximum depth, mean depth, epilimnion depth, epilimnion volume, and length of shoreline. Water-quality analysis are listed or up to 27 parameters of the lake-sample sites and 5 parameters on flowing tributaries. Biological analyses include phyto-plankton data for 4 of the study lakes, zooplankton data for 4 of the study lakes, benthic macroinvertebrate data for 25 of the study lakes, and bacterial data for lake tributaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70260853","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Main Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Cowing, D.J., and Scott, M., 1976, Limnological data report for the Maine Department of Environmental Protection: U.S. Geological Survey cooperative lake studies project: Open-File Report, 168 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70260853.","productDescription":"168 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":463878,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260853/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":485011,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260853/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowing, Derrill J.","contributorId":97473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowing","given":"Derrill","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, Matthew","contributorId":37374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69509,"text":"hu26 - 1976 - Hydrologic Unit Map - 1974, state of Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T09:06:16","indexId":"hu26","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T11:05:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":319,"text":"Hydrologic Unit","code":"HU","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"26","subseriesTitle":"Montana 1974","title":"Hydrologic Unit Map - 1974, state of Montana","docAbstract":"This map and accompanying table show Hydrologic Units that are basically hydrographic in nature. The Cataloging Units shown will supplant the Cataloging Units previously used by the U.S. Geological Survey in its Catalog of Informaiton on Water Data (1966-72). The previous U.S. Geological Survey Catalog-Indexing System was by map number and letter, such as 49M. The boundaries as shown have been adapted from \"The Catalog of Information on Water Data\" (1972), \"Water Resources Regions and Subregions for the National Assessment of Water and Related Land Resources\" by the U.S. Water Reseources Council (1970), \"River Basins of the United States\" by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service ((1963, 1970), \"River Basin Maps Showing Hydrologic Stations\" by the Inter-Agency Committee on Water Resources, Subcommittee on Hydrology (1961), and State planning maps.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/hu26","isbn":"607767847","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Hydrologic Unit Map - 1974, state of Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Unit 26, 2 Plates: 38.71 x 46.02 inches and 40.26 x 46.08 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/hu26.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 38.71 x 46.02 inches and 40.26 x 46.08 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/hu26.PNG"},{"id":327440,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/hu/26/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":327441,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/hu/26/plate-2.pdf"}],"scale":"500000","projection":"Lambert conformal conic projection","country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5790a181e4b030378fb47434","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70273194,"text":"70273194 - 1976 - Selected hydrologic data, Chester County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-18T17:09:12.50325","indexId":"70273194","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T10:40:38","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Selected hydrologic data, Chester County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"This report presents selected hydrologic data collected during a study of the ground-water resources of Chester County, Pennsylvania. The study was made during 1973-76 by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority. This report is intended to make the data conveniently available and to supplement an interpretive report that will be published separately.
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}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e4de4b0beb42bdca3cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25330,"text":"25330 - 1976 - Safety requirements for drilling operations in a hydrogen sulfide environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T10:05:52","indexId":"25330","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T10:04:18","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Safety requirements for drilling operations in a hydrogen sulfide environment","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/25330","issn":"0364-7064","usgsCitation":"Water 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GSS-OCS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T10:01:16","indexId":"25329","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T09:53:11","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Outer continental shelf standard: GSS-OCS","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/25329","issn":"0364-7064","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Outer continental shelf standard: GSS-OCS, https://doi.org/10.3133/25329.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bfb608e4b06d97a6487d2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water 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Light- and electron-microscopic examination of this tissue revealed what appeared to be a proliferative stage (presumptive schizont) of a sporozoon; other possible stages in the life cycle were also observed. The relationship of this unidentified protozoon to M. cerebralis remains unresolved.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1550-7408.1976.tb03795.x","usgsCitation":"Daniels, S., Herman, R.L., and Burke, C., 1976, Fine structure of an unidentified protozoon in the epithelium of rainbow trout exposed to water with Myxosoma cerebralis: Journal of Protozoology, v. 23, no. 3, p. 402-410, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1976.tb03795.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"402","endPage":"410","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4683","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniels, S.B.","contributorId":63759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herman, R. L.","contributorId":21101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burke, C.N.","contributorId":96213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003778,"text":"1003778 - 1976 - Avian botulism epizootiology on sewage oxidation ponds in Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-20T11:28:24","indexId":"1003778","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian botulism epizootiology on sewage oxidation ponds in Utah","docAbstract":"In the microenvironment concept of avian botulism epizootiology, it is hypothesized that invertebrate carcasses may serve both as a substrate for toxin production by Clostridium botulinum type C and as a vehicle for toxin transmission to water birds. We field-tested that hypothesis by attempting to induce botulism in wing-clipped mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) on sewage oxidation ponds in Utah. The experimental ponds were inoculated with C. botulinum spores in June 1974. Aquatic insect populations were monitored throughout the summer. Rotenone was used in August to kill insects in two ponds (one served as control), thereby providing potential substrate for clostridial growth and toxin production. Botulism was not detected among the birds even though they routinely ingested invertebrate carcasses. Samples of dead invertebrates contained no botulinum toxin. We concluded that the microenvironment concept, as it now stands, cannot always be a sufficient explanation of how type C botulism epizootics are initiated in nature. Other microbes may inhibit the growth of clostridial cells or destroy botulinum toxin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3800571","usgsCitation":"Moulton, D.W., Jensen, W.I., and Stewart, S.K., 1976, Avian botulism epizootiology on sewage oxidation ponds in Utah: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 40, no. 4, p. 735-742, https://doi.org/10.2307/3800571.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"735","endPage":"742","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Cache","city":"Richmond","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.82708740234374,\n 41.926036906477584\n ],\n [\n -111.82760238647461,\n 41.91013410429826\n ],\n [\n -111.81962013244629,\n 41.910006354904496\n ],\n [\n -111.81884765624999,\n 41.90266033477953\n ],\n [\n -111.80082321166992,\n 41.903107507989986\n ],\n [\n -111.80082321166992,\n 41.91026185343638\n ],\n [\n -111.7931842803955,\n 41.91032572790956\n ],\n [\n -111.79344177246094,\n 41.91920365778389\n ],\n [\n -111.79189682006835,\n 41.9193313887699\n ],\n [\n -111.7917251586914,\n 41.92571761209006\n ],\n [\n -111.79327011108398,\n 41.92571761209006\n ],\n [\n -111.79335594177246,\n 41.93516804956578\n ],\n [\n -111.79601669311523,\n 41.9352957485923\n ],\n [\n -111.79601669311523,\n 41.939509673028375\n ],\n [\n -111.78683280944824,\n 41.939637363361584\n ],\n [\n -111.7870044708252,\n 41.941041940151536\n ],\n [\n -111.79335594177246,\n 41.94219111633131\n ],\n [\n -111.79447174072266,\n 41.94346795446271\n ],\n [\n -111.79636001586914,\n 41.9435317956981\n ],\n [\n -111.79661750793457,\n 41.94774517589915\n ],\n [\n -111.8064022064209,\n 41.94768133888271\n ],\n [\n -111.80777549743652,\n 41.944744767025\n ],\n [\n -111.80760383605957,\n 41.94289338046775\n ],\n [\n -111.80760383605957,\n 41.94116962741647\n ],\n [\n -111.807861328125,\n 41.94040349999142\n ],\n [\n -111.81558609008789,\n 41.940595032710654\n ],\n [\n -111.81610107421875,\n 41.926164623785155\n ],\n [\n -111.82708740234374,\n 41.926036906477584\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64afca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moulton, Daniel W.","contributorId":48151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moulton","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Wayne I.","contributorId":72353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Sondra K.","contributorId":117324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Sondra","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1013700,"text":"1013700 - 1976 - Relative effect of two dietary water-soluble analogues of menaquinone on coagulation and packed cell volume of blood of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-03T16:43:55.791783","indexId":"1013700","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative effect of two dietary water-soluble analogues of menaquinone on coagulation and packed cell volume of blood of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)","docAbstract":"Triplicate lots of fingerling lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) (initial mean weight, 5.3 g) were fed a basal, semipurified diet, or this basal diet supplemented with either 1.0 or 2.0 ppm of either menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) or menadione dimethylpyrimidinol bisulfite (MPB) for 18 wk at 14 C. Neither form of vitamin K had a significant effect on the growth, food conversion, or body composition of the fish.Fish fed 1 ppm of MSB had a significantly higher mean packed cell volume (PCV) than those fed 2 ppm of either analogue. Trout fed 2 ppm of MPB had an intermediate PCV which was not significantly different from that of trout fed either 1 ppm MPB or 2 ppm MSB. A dietary level of 1 ppm MPB (providing an equivalent menaquinone concentration of about 0.5 mg/kg of diet) is sufficient to insure normal coagulation of lake trout blood and a satisfactory PCV.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/f76-227","usgsCitation":"Poston, H.A., 1976, Relative effect of two dietary water-soluble analogues of menaquinone on coagulation and packed cell volume of blood of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush): Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 33, no. 8, p. 1791-1793, https://doi.org/10.1139/f76-227.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1791","endPage":"1793","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129347,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db63447a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poston, H. A.","contributorId":21893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poston","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2002190,"text":"2002190 - 1976 - Monitoring the breeding habitats of migratory waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T12:32:54","indexId":"2002190","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Monitoring the breeding habitats of migratory waterfowl","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"ERTS-1: a new window on our planet.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gilmer, D., Klett, A., and Work, E., 1976, Monitoring the breeding habitats of migratory waterfowl, chap. of ERTS-1: a new window on our planet., p. 321-325.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"321","endPage":"325","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635bca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klett, A.T.","contributorId":34857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Work, E.A.","contributorId":7650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1007750,"text":"1007750 - 1976 - Utilization of satellite data for inventorying prairie ponds and lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T12:59:54","indexId":"1007750","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Utilization of satellite data for inventorying prairie ponds and lakes","docAbstract":"By using data acquired by LANDSAT-1 (formerly ERTS- 1), studies were conducted in extracting information necessary for formulating management decisions relating to migratory waterfowl. Management decisions are based in part on an assessment ofhabitat characteristics, specifically numbers, distribution, and quality of ponds and lakes in the prime breeding range. This paper reports on a study concerned with mapping open surface water features in the glaciated prairies. Emphasis was placed on the recognition of these features based upon water's uniquely low radiance in a single nearinfrared waveband. The results of this recognition were thematic maps and statistics relating to open surface water. In a related effort, the added information content of multiple spectral wavebands was used for discriminating surface water at a level of detail finer than the virtual resolution of the data. The basic theory of this technique and some preliminary results are described.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Work, E., and Gilmer, D., 1976, Utilization of satellite data for inventorying prairie ponds and lakes: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 42, p. 685-694.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"685","endPage":"694","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602dbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, E.A.","contributorId":7650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014264,"text":"1014264 - 1976 - Infection and mortality in captive wild-trapped canvasback ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-08T16:28:10.954825","indexId":"1014264","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infection and mortality in captive wild-trapped canvasback ducks","docAbstract":"Fungal, bacterial and malarial infections, as well as malnutrition caused heavy mortality in a group of wild-trapped canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) held in 10 × 3 × 2 m open water pens. Deaths occurred between 21 and 158 days after confinement and were associated with infections of Aspergillus fumigatus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., and Plasmodium sp. Infection and mortality was believed to result from reduced resistance associated with confinement. Fourteen canvasbacks released onto large ponds survived throughout the period during which the penned birds died.
Radioactive antimycin was readily taken up in bile and tissues of brown bullheads (Ictalurus nebulosus) exposed to 0.045 μg/ml of 14C-antimycin for as long as 48 h. Bile contained the most and blood the least radioactivity at all sampling periods. The highest concentration of 14C-antimycin in muscle was 0.12 μg/g, after 12 h of exposure. The average amount of 14C-antimycin per fish was 0.94 μg/g. The 14C-antimycin concentration decreased with the elapse of time in the muscle and in samples of combined head, skin, and viscera. The concentration of l4C-antimycin in the exposure solution decreased from 0.045 μg/ml to 0.015 μg/ml after 12 h and 0.010 μg/ml after 48 h. The initial half-life of 14C-antimycin in the exposure solution was about 6.5 h. A second group of fish was exposed to 0.045 μg/ml of l4C-antimycin for 48 h and then transferred to antimycin-free, flowing water for up to 96 h. The 14C-activity decreased in muscle tissue from 0.11 μg/g to 0.05 μg/g in 96 h. Half-life of 14C-antimycin was about 75 h in muscle and 61 h in the combined head, skin, and viscera.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/f76-140","usgsCitation":"Schultz, D., and Harman, P., 1976, Antimycin: Uptake, distribution, and elimination in brown bullheads (Ictalurus nebulosus): Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 33, no. 5, p. 1121-1129, https://doi.org/10.1139/f76-140.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1121","endPage":"1129","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134500,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schultz, D.P.","contributorId":106054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harman, P.D.","contributorId":56595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harman","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003381,"text":"1003381 - 1976 - Dissipation of residues of 2,4-D in water, hydrosoil, and fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:49","indexId":"1003381","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2180,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Plant Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissipation of residues of 2,4-D in water, hydrosoil, and fish","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Plant Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Schultz, D., and Gangstad, E., 1976, Dissipation of residues of 2,4-D in water, hydrosoil, and fish: Journal of Aquatic Plant Management, v. 14, p. 43-45.","productDescription":"pp. 43-45","startPage":"43","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a28b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schultz, D.P.","contributorId":106054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gangstad, E.O.","contributorId":54567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gangstad","given":"E.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7000074,"text":"7000074 - 1976 - Lithium, nature's lightest metal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:08","indexId":"7000074","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Lithium, nature's lightest metal","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/7000074","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Lithium, nature's lightest metal: General Interest Publication, 4 p. (15 columns) : ill., map ; 23 x 20 cm. folded to 23 x 10 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000074.","productDescription":"4 p. (15 columns) : ill., map ; 23 x 20 cm. folded to 23 x 10 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":196277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3535","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014349,"text":"1014349 - 1976 - Vitamin E and selenium interrelations in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Gross, histological and biochemical deficiency signs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T16:14:44","indexId":"1014349","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2403,"text":"Journal of Nutrition","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Vitamin E and selenium interrelations in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Gross, histological and biochemical deficiency signs","title":"Vitamin E and selenium interrelations in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Gross, histological and biochemical deficiency signs","docAbstract":"Either simultaneous or separate dietary deficiencies of vitamin E and selenium in Atlantic salmon during first 4 weeks of feeding caused twice the mortality shown in fish fed both supplemental vitamin E (0.5 IU/g dry diet) and selenium (0.1 µg/g). Subsequent dietary repletion with both vitamin E and selenium significantly reduced mortality during the following 2 weeks. Larger salmon (0.9 g initial mean weight), with vitamin E deficiency with or without selenium resulted in the following deficiency signs: extreme anemia, pale gills, anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, elevated plasma protein, exudative diathesis, dermal depigmentation, in vitro ascorbic acid-stimulated peroxidation in hepatic microsomes, yellow-orange liver color, yellow-brown intestinal contents, enlarged gall bladder distended with dark green bile, low vitamin E in carcass and hepatic tissue, muscular dystrophy, increased carcass fat and water, and a response to handling characterized by a transitory fainting with interruption in swimming. A deficiency of dietary selenium suppressed plasma glutathione peroxidase activity. Supplemental selenium with vitamin E significantly increased tocopherol activity in hepatic, but not carcass tissues. Supplements of both vitamin E and selenium were necessary to prevent muscular dystrophy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jn/106.7.892","usgsCitation":"Poston, H.A., Combs, G.F., and Leibovitz, L., 1976, Vitamin E and selenium interrelations in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Gross, histological and biochemical deficiency signs: Journal of Nutrition, v. 106, no. 7, p. 892-904, https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/106.7.892.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"892","endPage":"904","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poston, Hugh A.","contributorId":12535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poston","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Combs, G. F. Jr.","contributorId":31352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Combs","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leibovitz, Louis","contributorId":41781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leibovitz","given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1013699,"text":"1013699 - 1976 - Optimum level of dietary biotin for growth, feed utilization, and swimming stamina of fingerling lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-03T16:46:15.992803","indexId":"1013699","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimum level of dietary biotin for growth, feed utilization, and swimming stamina of fingerling lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)","docAbstract":"Triplicate lots of fingerling lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) held at 9 C for 20 wk were fed a semipurified basal diet supplemented with 1% spray-dried egg white or d-biotin at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, or 5.0 ppm. Trout fed the basal diet, either alone or with egg white, grew more slowly and converted feed less efficiently (P < 0.05) than those fed supplemental biotin. Neither the growth rate nor feed conversion differed significantly among the four groups fed supplemental biotin. However, when forced to swim to exhaustion against controlled water currents, trout fed either basal diet, with or without egg white, or 0.1 ppm supplemental biotin, swam a shorter distance (P < 0.05) than those fed more biotin. Fish fed 0.5 ppm biotin swam as far as those fed 1.0 ppm, but not as far as those fed 5.0 ppm. These results indicate that young lake trout probably need no more than 0.1 ppm biotin for optimum growth and feed conversion, but require from 0.5 to 1.0 ppm for optimum swimming stamina.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/f76-230","usgsCitation":"Poston, H.A., 1976, Optimum level of dietary biotin for growth, feed utilization, and swimming stamina of fingerling lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush): Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 33, no. 8, p. 1803-1806, https://doi.org/10.1139/f76-230.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1803","endPage":"1806","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db6913a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poston, H. A.","contributorId":21893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poston","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7000013,"text":"7000013 - 1976 - Geologic history of Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-19T18:44:55","indexId":"7000013","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Geologic history of Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Cape Cod, a sandy peninsula built mostly during the Ice Age, juts into the Atlantic Ocean like a crooked arm. Because of its exposed location, Cape Cod was visited by many early explorers. Although clear-cut evidence is lacking, the Vikings may have sighted this land about 1,000 years ago. It was visited by Samuel de Champlain in 1605, and his detailed descriptions and charts have helped present-day scientists to determine the rate of growth of Nauset Beach marsh and Nauset spit. Bartholomew Gosnold, a lesser known explorer, settled for a short time on the Elizabeth Islands to the southwest and gave Cape Cod its name in 1602. The Pilgrims first landed in America on the tip of Lower Cape Cod after they were turned back from their more southerly destination by shoals between Cape Cod and Nantucket Island. On Cape Cod they found potable water and food and had their first fight with the natives. The Pilgrims, however, decided that this land was too isolated, too exposed, and too sandy to support them, and they sailed across Cape Cod Bay to establish Plymouth. These features remain today. Small villages are separated by large areas of forest, dune, beach, and marsh. This unspoiled natural beauty makes Cape Cod one of the most favored vacation areas for the people living in the thickly settled Northeastern States. Cape Cod is of particular interest to geologists because it was formed by glaciers very recently in terms of geologic time. During the Great Ice Age, (the Pleistocene Epoch which began 2 to 3 million years ago), glaciers advanced from the north into the temperate regions of the Earth. Glacial ice covered the land at least four times. Each advance was accompanied by a worldwide lowering of sea level because the source of the ice was water from the seas. When the glaciers melted, the climate and sea level were probably much like they are today. In fact, some scientists believe that the Earth is presently between glacial episodes and that ice once again will advance across the land.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/7000013","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Geologic history of Cape Cod, Massachusetts: General Interest Publication, HTML Document; PDF: 23 p. : col. ill. ; 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000013.","productDescription":"HTML Document; PDF: 23 p. : col. ill. ; 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18586,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/capecod/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":261211,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/7000013/report.pdf"},{"id":261212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/7000013/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.08333333333333,41.18333333333333 ], [ -71.08333333333333,42.13333333333333 ], [ -70,42.13333333333333 ], [ -70,41.18333333333333 ], [ -71.08333333333333,41.18333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5514","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003752,"text":"1003752 - 1976 - Combating waterfowl diseases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T13:37:38","indexId":"1003752","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1408,"text":"Ducks Unlimited","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combating waterfowl diseases","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ducks Unlimited","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 1976, Combating waterfowl diseases: Ducks Unlimited, v. 40, no. 3, p. 44-46.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"46","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae72a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friend, Milton 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":31332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003764,"text":"1003764 - 1976 - Diseases: A threat to our waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T08:13:32","indexId":"1003764","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1408,"text":"Ducks Unlimited","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diseases: A threat to our waterfowl","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ducks Unlimited","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 1976, Diseases: A threat to our waterfowl: Ducks Unlimited, v. 40, no. 2, p. 36-37.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"37","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a3af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friend, Milton 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":31332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014258,"text":"1014258 - 1976 - Fish diseases and parasites in relation to the environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-30T14:44:56.828659","indexId":"1014258","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1650,"text":"Fish Pathology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish diseases and parasites in relation to the environment","docAbstract":"Although some diseases are not affected by subtle environmental changes, others are. Factors which may influence infection or the course of disease are: temperature, gaseous supersaturation, oxygen deficiency, mechanical and physiological trauma of the fish, malappropriate water chemistry, pollution, eutrophication, media for spore retention, and presence of intermediate hosts. Aviatminoses and neoplasias are often related to environmental changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Japanese Society of Fish Pathology","doi":"10.3147/jsfp.10.123","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, G.L., 1976, Fish diseases and parasites in relation to the environment: Fish Pathology, v. 10, no. 2, p. 123-128, https://doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.10.123.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486854,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.10.123","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131868,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0819","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, G. L.","contributorId":70713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21182,"text":"ofr76428 - 1976 - Conditions in the deeper parts of the hot spring systems of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-13T18:28:43.808532","indexId":"ofr76428","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-428","title":"Conditions in the deeper parts of the hot spring systems of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Yellowstone thermal areas are scattered over an area of nearly 50 x 60 kilometers (Fig. 1) and contain waters of diverse compositions. This has lead to the implicit assumption that Yellowstone consisted of discrete hydrothermal systems (e.g., Fournier and Truesdell, 1970). It is the purpose of this paper to suggest that these systems may be separate only near the surface and that there may exist at depth a large, relatively homogeneous body of water at 340 to 370°C containing about 1,000 ppm NaCl. This deep thermal water flows upwards losing steam into the near-surface geyser and hot spring systems where it undergoes variable amounts of dilution with cold meteoric water, reaction with rocks, and further steam loss to produce all of the hot spring waters of the Park. The evidence for these conclusions is from the application of chemical and isotopic geothermometers, from relationships between the chloride concentrations and subsurface heat contents of thermal waters, from the chemical and isotopic compositions of the waters, and from geophysical evidence.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76428","usgsCitation":"Truesdell, A.H., and Fournier, R.O., 1976, Conditions in the deeper parts of the hot spring systems of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-428, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76428.","productDescription":"22 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0428/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":406615,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1976/0428/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.04705810546874,\n 44.1526518281754\n ],\n [\n -109.99786376953125,\n 44.1526518281754\n ],\n [\n -109.99786376953125,\n 44.88506649401471\n ],\n [\n -111.04705810546874,\n 44.88506649401471\n ],\n [\n -111.04705810546874,\n 44.1526518281754\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b14e4b07f02db6a47bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Truesdell, Alfred Hemingway","contributorId":106137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truesdell","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"Hemingway","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fournier, Robert O.","contributorId":73202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}