Surface ruptures from the 18 April 1906 M∼7.9 San Francisco earthquake were distributed over an ∼35‐meter‐wide zone at San Andreas Lake on the San Francisco Peninsula in California (Schussler, 1906). Since ∼1906, the surface ruptures have been largely covered by water, but with water levels at near‐historic low levels in 2008–2011, we observed that the 1906 surface ruptures were no longer visible. As a fault imaging test, we acquired refraction tomography and guided‐wave data across the 1906 surface ruptures in 2011. We found that individual fault traces, as mapped by Schussler (1906), can be identified on the basis of discrete low‐velocity zones (VS and VP, reduced ∼40% and ∼34%, respectively) and high‐amplitude guided waves. Guided waves have traditionally been observed as large‐amplitude waveforms over wide (hundreds of meters to kilometers) zones of faulting, but we demonstrate that by evaluating guided waves (including Rayleigh/Love‐ and P/SV‐types) in terms of peak ground velocity (PGV), individual near‐surface fault traces within a fault zone can be precisely located, even more than 100 yr after the surface ruptures. Such precise exploration can be used to focus paleoseismic trenching efforts and to identify or exclude faulting at specific sites. We evaluated PGV of both S‐wave‐type and Fϕ‐mode‐type guided waves and found that both wave types can be used to identify subsurface fault traces. At San Andreas Lake (main fault), S‐wave‐type guided waves travel up to 18% slower than S body waves, and Fϕ‐mode guided waves travel ∼60% slower than P body waves but ∼15% faster than S body waves. We found that guided‐wave amplitudes vary with frequency but are up to five times higher than those of body waves, including the S wave. Our data are consistent with the concept that guided waves can be a strong‐shaking hazard during large‐magnitude earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200136","usgsCitation":"Catchings, R.D., Rymer, M., and Goldman, M., 2020, San Andreas fault exploration using refraction tomography and S-wave-type and Fϕ-mode guided waves: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, no. 6, p. 3088-3102, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200136.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"3088","endPage":"3102","ipdsId":"IP-102153","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Calfornia","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.44607249804032,\n 37.61113945668713\n ],\n [\n -122.44607249804032,\n 37.57485979697452\n ],\n [\n -122.39941099606784,\n 37.57485979697452\n ],\n [\n -122.39941099606784,\n 37.61113945668713\n ],\n [\n -122.44607249804032,\n 37.61113945668713\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rymer, Michael 0000-0002-5429-5073 mrymer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-5073","contributorId":220757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, Mark 0000-0002-0802-829X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-829X","contributorId":205863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211261,"text":"ofr20201079 - 2020 - Evaluation of the Washington State Department of Transportation stormwater monitoring and effectiveness program for 2014–19","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-22T13:27:59.672556","indexId":"ofr20201079","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-21T08:23:58","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1079","displayTitle":"Evaluation of the Washington State Department of Transportation Stormwater Monitoring and Effectiveness Program for 2014–19","title":"Evaluation of the Washington State Department of Transportation stormwater monitoring and effectiveness program for 2014–19","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey was asked by the Washington State Department of Transportation to provide technical assistance as a third-party reviewer of their stormwater effectiveness monitoring program during the transition between the completion of the 2014 Washington State Department of Ecology permit requirements and start of the new 2019 Washington State Department of Ecology permit requirements. For the purposes of this evaluation, the U.S. Geological Survey reviewed Washington State Department of Transportation’s 2014 National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit. This review focuses on sections S7, S8, G9, and appendix 4 of the permit that are specific to monitoring. These sections cover the methods of monitoring, the constituents that were monitored, laboratory requirements, reporting requirements, and data archival. Next, all quality-assurance project plans for the 2014 general permit and annual reports required for the permit were reviewed. The quality-assurance project plans and annual reports were reviewed to ensure that monitoring was executed and reported as required by the 2014 general permit. The monitoring requirements put forth from the permits were fully addressed in quality-assurance project plans and were completed and presented in the annual monitoring reports. Overall, the Washington State Department of Transportation monitoring program does not change much under its new 2019 permit. The Washington State Department of Transportation has followed through with the plan set out in each of its approved quality-assurance project plans and therefore, is in a good position to meet or exceed the new permit requirements in the upcoming 5-year permit cycle.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Senter, C.A., and Sheibley, R.W., 2020, Evaluation of the Washington State Department of Transportation stormwater monitoring and effectiveness program for 2014–19: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1079, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201079.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-117873","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376565,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1079/ofr20201079.pdf","text":"Report","size":"394 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1079"},{"id":376564,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1079/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
Groundwater susceptibility to contamination was investigated by using environmental tracer-based groundwater age metrics in the south Atlantic and Gulf Coast principal aquifer systems of the Southeastern Coastal Plain, Mississippi embayment–Texas coastal uplands, and the Coastal Lowlands. Samples of dissolved gas, tritium, sulfur hexafluoride, tritiogenic helium, and carbon-14 were collected from 231 public supply wells in the 3 principal aquifer systems. Dissolved gas models were used to characterize recharge conditions and they identified recharge mechanisms that ranged from rapid, but short-lived, water table rises (possibly associated with large scale flooding), to slower diffuse recharge not associated with large water table fluctuations. Dissolved gas and geochemical correction models were used to calculate and (or) correct tracer concentrations before input to lumped parameter models of groundwater age. Lumped parameter models that were fit to tracer concentrations indicated groundwater was relatively old across the aquifer systems, with an estimated mean age of about 30,000 years. Estimates of groundwater age were related to hydrogeology, with increasing groundwater ages associated with greater depth, confinement, and distance from the recharge zone. Young groundwater with mean ages less than 2,000 years generally was in unconfined parts of the aquifer system, except for local areas of heavy groundwater extraction from unconfined aquifer units where estimated mean ages were up to 15,000 years. Lumped parameter model optimized age distributions describe the relative contribution of differing flow paths to the mean age, and a composite distribution of all samples from the three aquifer systems indicated that about 15 percent of the total sampled water had an age of less than 100 years. Various metrics of susceptibility, to land surface and geogenic contamination sources, derived from the age distributions, indicated geogenic sources as the primary threat to groundwater quality in the aquifer systems. Values of the susceptibility index (unitless) and fraction of recharge since 2,000 and 15,000 years before present are provided for assessment of individual well susceptibility. The data and interpretation methods presented here provide an additional means of investigating the susceptibility and sustainability of groundwater resources of the Southeastern Coastal Plain, Mississippi embayment–Texas coastal uplands, and the Coastal Lowlands aquifer systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205050","collaboration":"National Water-Quality ProgramNAWQA Science Team
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 413
Reston, VA 20192–0002
Inland fisheries, defined as finfish caught in lakes, rivers, and other water bodies, provide economic value and a source of protein at local and international levels. However, no comprehensive compilation of U.S. inland commercial fisheries exists. We sought to obtain data across all 50 states during 1990–2015 and noted a small, but significant, decline in harvest. The minimum harvest averaged 41,427 tonnes during 2009–2015 and peaked in 1995 with a minimum harvest of 49,951 tonnes. During 2009–2015, harvest and taxonomic composition varied regionally: eastern interior (the highest regional harvest, dominated by coregonines and carp), western interior (carp and Clupeidae), Gulf (catfish and Clupeidae), Pacific (salmonines), and Atlantic (the lowest regional harvest, dominated by catfish and Clupeidae). Our data compilation of commercial landings was more than double the current limited national inland harvest statistics, which might be indicative of an under appreciation for the value of inland fisheries that can have consequences when policy decisions are made regarding competing sectors for water usage.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10483","usgsCitation":"Murray, D.N., Bunnell, D.B., Rogers, M.W., Lynch, A., Beard, and Funge-Smith, S., 2020, Trends in inland commercial fisheries in the United States: Fisheries Magazine, v. 45, no. 11, p. 585-596, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10483.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"585","endPage":"596","ipdsId":"IP-107636","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465881,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n 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exciting?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-30T13:47:35.078742","indexId":"70216057","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T08:46:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Who knew that quantifying exchanges between groundwater and surface water could be so exciting?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"History of wetland science: A perspective from wetland leaders","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Amazon, Print on Demand","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., 2020, Who knew that quantifying exchanges between groundwater and surface water could be so exciting?, chap. of History of wetland science: A perspective from wetland leaders, p. 209-213.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"213","ipdsId":"IP-110377","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":390034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215760,"text":"70215760 - 2020 - Tests in a semi-natural environment suggest that bait and switch strategy could be used to control invasive Common Carp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T13:00:43.796404","indexId":"70215760","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T07:58:30","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tests in a semi-natural environment suggest that bait and switch strategy could be used to control invasive Common Carp","docAbstract":"Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758), is a highly invasive species that has had profound effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Many Carp management methods have been applied including physical removal, pesticide treatments of whole lakes, and water drawdowns. Herein, we tested key elements of a potential “bait and switch” approach in which corn could be used to induce feeding aggregations of Carp and then switched for corn pellets with a pesticide Antimycin-A (ANT-A) to selectively target the Carp. First, laboratory experiments were used to determine if addition of lethal concentrations of ANT-A to corn pellets deterred Carp from eating corn-based food pellets. Second, a pond experiment tested if a corn-based bait containing ANT-A functioned as a species-specific Carp management tool in a semi-natural environment with three common native fishes: White Sucker (Catostomus commersonii Lacepède, 1803), Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens Mitchill, 1814), and Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819). The use of baited sites by Carp and native species was monitored using passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. Mortality of each species and presence of corn in their digestive tracts was also monitored. Our laboratory experiment showed that presence of ANT-A did not deter Carp from consuming the pellets. The pond experiment showed that only Carp perished in significant numbers once toxic bait was applied. Further, only Carp increased their use of baited sites once baiting began, and only Carp had corn in their digestive tracts. Overall, our results indicate that corn might function as a species-specific Carp attractant in systems of North American Midwest and that corn-based bait can be used to effectively conceal a lethal dose of ANT-A. Further research is necessary to refine this potential management tool, specifically investigating the behavioral and social dynamics of Carp aggregating at sites baited with corn to enhance the temporal and spatial specificity of pesticide application.z |
As rising sea levels alter coastal ecosystems, there is a pressing need to examine the effects of saltwater intrusion on coastal communities. Using 16S Illumina profiling, we characterized the communities of baldcypress tree (Taxodium distichum) root endosphere and rhizosphere soil bacteria. Our study utilized established sites along salinity and flooding gradients in the United States of Georgia, Louisiana, and South Carolina. We hypothesized that environmental variables, namely salinity and water level, as well as distance between sites would be correlated with baldcypress-associated rhizosphere and root endosphere bacterial communities. We found that geographic distance correlated with rhizosphere but not root endosphere bacterial communities, suggesting that the trees may have stabilized their endosphere communities via recruitment of a more specific suite of taxa from the surrounding soil. Mean water level, mean salinity, and the volume of woody debris were associated with both endosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities in baldcypress trees. The density of host trees was also associated with endosphere community composition. Our study is the first to use 16S Illumina sequencing to characterize bacterial communities in baldcypress trees— a key restoration species in coastal swamp ecosystems under threat from rising sea levels.
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optical petrography and electron microscopy data, interpreted in the context of previously published petrophysical, geochemical, and mineralogical data, to further characterize the Tuscaloosa marine shale (TMS) as an unconventional reservoir in southwestern Mississippi. The basal high resistivity zone has a higher proportion of Type II sedimentary organic matter than the overlying TMS, indicating it is more prone to oil generation. Optical petrography and electron microscopy reveal a heterogeneous clay matrix with ubiquitous pyrite grains, quartz, feldspar, glaucony, foraminifera, shell fragments, and rarer occurrences of apatite and crinoid fragments as well as liptinite, alginite, inertinite, and vitrinite. Our petrographic observations suggest that higher abundances of detrital quartz grains coupled with minimal authigenic cements result in higher porosity and permeability. However, the TMS is also more clay-rich than other unconventional shale oil and gas plays, which can impair the effectiveness of hydraulic fracture stimulation. Thin section observations reveal alternating clay and calcium carbonate laminae that are interpreted to reflect changes in sediment flux. Planktonic foraminifera indicate an overlying oxygenated water column while benthic inoceramid fragments and pervasive authigenic pyrite suggest anoxic or dysoxic bottom water conditions. Apatite fragments in thin section suggest mixing events and an influx of nutrient-rich sediments. Overall, these observations suggest that a variety of paleodepositional environments occurred in the TMS and the lithofacies diversity resulting from these small-scale depositional cycles makes it difficult to determinatively identify areas conducive to enhanced economic hydrocarbon recovery.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104580","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Lohr, C., Valentine, B.J., Hackley, P.C., and Dulong, F.T., 2020, Characterization of the unconventional Tuscaloosa marine shale reservoir in southwestern Mississippi, USA: Insights from optical and SEM petrography: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 121, 104580, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104580.","productDescription":"104580, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112257","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104580","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi, Lousianna","otherGeospatial":"Southwestern Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.021484375,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 32.02670629333614\n ],\n [\n -92.021484375,\n 32.02670629333614\n ],\n [\n -92.021484375,\n 30.012030680358613\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"121","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lohr, Celeste D. 0000-0001-6287-9047 clohr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-9047","contributorId":3866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr","given":"Celeste D.","email":"clohr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valentine, Brett J. 0000-0002-8678-2431 bvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-2431","contributorId":3846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Brett","email":"bvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dulong, Frank T. 0000-0001-7388-647X fdulong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7388-647X","contributorId":650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dulong","given":"Frank","email":"fdulong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249355,"text":"70249355 - 2020 - Remotely sensed thermal decay rate: An index for vegetation monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-04T23:53:46.3028","indexId":"70249355","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-17T10:04:51","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remotely sensed thermal decay rate: An index for vegetation monitoring","docAbstract":"Vegetation buffers local diurnal land surface temperatures, however, this effect has found limited applications for remote vegetation characterization. In this work, we parameterize diurnal temperature variations as the thermal decay rate derived by using satellite daytime and nighttime land surface temperatures and modeled using Newton’s law of cooling. The relationship between the thermal decay rate and vegetation depends on many factors including vegetation type, size, water content, location, and local conditions. The theoretical relationships are elucidated, and empirical relationships are presented. Results show that the decay rate summarizes both vegetation structure and function and exhibits a high correlation with other established vegetation-related observations. As proof of concept, we interpret 15-year spatially explicit trends in the annual thermal decay rates over Africa and discuss results. Given recent increases in availability of finer spatial resolution satellite thermal measurements, the thermal decay rate may be a useful index for monitoring vegetation.
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Routes also overlapped and suggested unavoidable over-water crossings between Mindoro and Palawan, Negros and Zamboanga del Norte, and Leyte and Surigao. Our models suggest that the optimal migratory strategy for these birds is to find the shortest route to an exit point with the greatest possible access to stopover habitats and fewest open-water crossings under wind resistance. Understanding how each of these external factors affected the geography and characteristics of the migratory routes helps us to understand the context for different migratory strategies of birds that face dangerous open-water crossings on migration.
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We combine atmospheric reanalysis output and additional observations to show how the network allows: (1) the validation of record cool season precipitable water observations over southern California; (2) the identification of phenomena that produce natural hazards and present difficulties for short‐term weather forecast models, such as extreme precipitation amounts and snow level variability; (3) the use of soil moisture data to improve hydrologic model forecast skill in northern California's Russian River basin; and (4) the combination of meteorological data with seismic observations to identify when a large avalanche occurred on Mount Shasta. This case study highlights the value of investments in diverse observational assets and the importance of continued support and synthesis of these networks to characterize climatological context and advance understanding of processes modulating extreme weather.
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\"}}]}","volume":"7","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatchett, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1066-3601","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-3601","contributorId":214405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatchett","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":39033,"text":"Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cao, Q. 0000-0003-3262-2149","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3262-2149","contributorId":236966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cao","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47576,"text":"Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. 0000-0003-4065-0588 dawson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-0588","contributorId":206751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellis, C. J. 0000-0002-0901-1545","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0901-1545","contributorId":236968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellis","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":47577,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego: San Diego, California, US","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hecht, C. W. 0000-0002-8357-3263","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8357-3263","contributorId":236985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hecht","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":24837,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kawzenuk, B. 0000-0003-1194-4296","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1194-4296","contributorId":236969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kawzenuk","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24837,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lancaster, J. T. 0000-0003-3662-3181","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3662-3181","contributorId":236970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lancaster","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":47579,"text":"California Geological Survey, Sacramento, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Osborne, T. C. 0000-0003-3279-4688","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3279-4688","contributorId":236971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osborne","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":47578,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilson, A. M. 0000-0001-7342-1955","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7342-1955","contributorId":236972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":47578,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Anderson, M. L.","contributorId":236973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":47580,"text":"California Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":236974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M. D.","affiliations":[{"id":24837,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kalansky, J. F. 0000-0003-2562-7398","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2562-7398","contributorId":236975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalansky","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":24837,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kaplan, M. L. 0000-0003-0072-8758","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0072-8758","contributorId":236976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaplan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":47581,"text":"Applied Meteorology Program, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Lettenmaier, D. P. 0000-0002-0914-0726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-0726","contributorId":236977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lettenmaier","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":47576,"text":"Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Oakley, N. S. 0000-0001-5680-9296","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-9296","contributorId":236978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oakley","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":47583,"text":"Desert Research Institute and Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ralph, R. M. 0000-0002-0870-6396","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-6396","contributorId":236979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralph","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[{"id":24837,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Reynolds, D. W.","contributorId":236980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":47584,"text":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Colorado University, Boulder, Colorado, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"White, A. B. 0000-0001-8587-3481","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8587-3481","contributorId":236981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":47585,"text":"NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory/Physical Sciences Division, Boulder, Colorado, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Sierks, M. 0000-0003-2438-1082","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2438-1082","contributorId":236982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sierks","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47578,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Sumargo, E. 0000-0002-3671-7498","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3671-7498","contributorId":236983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sumargo","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47578,"text":"Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70212478,"text":"70212478 - 2020 - Behavioral response to high temperatures in a desert grassland bird: Use of shrubs as thermal refugia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-17T14:33:37.700025","indexId":"70212478","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-17T09:28:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral response to high temperatures in a desert grassland bird: Use of shrubs as thermal refugia","docAbstract":"Birds inhabiting hot, arid ecosystems contend with trade-offs between heat dissipation and water conservation. As temperatures increase, passerines engage in various behaviors to reduce exposure to heat, solar radiation and insolation, and reradiation of heat from the ground. These responses to rising temperatures may result in subordination of reproductive urgency or nutrient acquisition to the need for thermoregulation. During studies on Arizona Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum ammolegus) life history and ecology, we noted that these sparrows abandoned territoriality and foraging behaviors under certain circumstances in favor of cooler microsites. In this paper we document the extreme temperatures to which these and other ground-foraging and ground-nesting birds are exposed in southwestern desert grasslands, and we present evidence that A. s. ammolegus avoids exposure to extreme air and ground temperatures by using shrubs as thermal refugia. Our observations have implications for Arizona Grasshopper Sparrows and other desert grassland passerines in the southwestern United States, where the climate is projected to become hotter and drier. We provide some of the only behavioral data, and associated temperature data, associated with the use of thermal refugia by desert grassland birds. We encourage further studies that use more robust methods to supplement our observational data.
Pine and Wah Wah Valleys are neighboring structural basins that encompass about 1,330 square miles in Beaver, Iron, and Millard Counties in Utah, approximately 50 miles northwest of Cedar City, Utah, and 50 miles southeast of Baker, Nevada. Perennial streamflow is limited and only exists in higher-altitude reaches of small mountain streams in both basins. Groundwater is in unconsolidated basin-fill aquifers and bedrock mountain aquifers. Groundwater in Pine and Wah Wah Valleys is being targeted for large-scale groundwater extraction and export to provide municipal supply to the growing population in Iron County, Utah. Concern about declining groundwater levels and spring flows from proposed groundwater withdrawals has increased interest in an improved understanding of the groundwater system. Previous studies have indicated that an average of 28,000 acre-feet per year of recharge occurs mostly as infiltration of precipitation in high-altitude regions in the two basins. Groundwater discharge in the mountain hydrologic systems was estimated to average 8,500 acre-feet per year and is assumed to be consumed before subsequently recharging the valley basin-fill aquifers. Subsurface groundwater outflow moves from basin-fill aquifers in Pine and Wah Wah Valleys northward to adjacent regional basins and was estimated to average 19,500 acre-feet per year.
An updated water-level map for the basin-fill aquifers in Pine and Wah Wah Valleys indicates that groundwater moves northward along the lengths of both valleys toward adjacent basins. Measured depths to water range from about 210 to 750 feet below land surface in Wah Wah Valley, and from about 300 to 620 feet below land surface in Pine Valley. Long-term water levels at seven wells completed in the basin-fill aquifers of Pine and Wah Wah Valleys with records spanning more than 40 years are generally stable with observed fluctuations of less than 5 feet. Observed discharge from two springs monitored between 2013 and 2016 also is generally stable.
Groundwater leaving Pine and Wah Wah Valleys through the subsurface moves northward, converges with regional groundwater flow, and discharges by evapotranspiration at regional groundwater discharge areas, likely Tule Valley, Utah. In this study, basin-scale groundwater discharge was estimated by (1) mapping the groundwater discharge areas in each valley; (2) evaluating the 2005–11 summer multispectral satellite images against the Basin and Range carbonate-rock aquifer system study evapotranspiration measurements to select scenes broadly representative of average conditions in the study area and partitioning the groundwater discharge areas into evapotranspiration units using the selected satellite images and field reconnaissance; and (3) scaling evapotranspiration to the evapotranspiration units using evapotranspiration-rate estimates from several studies in the Great Basin. The resulting updated estimates of average annual groundwater evapotranspiration in the Tule Valley and Sevier Lake groundwater discharge areas were 35,000 and 10,500 acre-feet per year, respectively, with a likely uncertainty of plus or minus 35 percent.
Groundwater samples from 13 sites in Pine Valley and 11 sites in Wah Wah Valley were analyzed for major ions and nutrients, to characterize geochemistry and water quality. Groundwater samples also were analyzed for the stable isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon, the radioactive isotopes of carbon and hydrogen, and dissolved noble gases including helium-3, helium-4, neon, argon, krypton and xenon. Groundwater sampling sites included 12 wells and 12 springs. Carbon-14 and tritium/helium groundwater age dating indicate that groundwater in the basin-fill aquifers is typically thousands to tens of thousands of years older than groundwater in the shallow mountain aquifers. Dissolved-solids concentrations are lower and noble-gas temperatures are warmer in the valley wells compared to almost all groundwater sampled from wells and springs in the surrounding mountains. These results indicate a hydraulic discontinuity between the mountain and valley aquifers throughout much of the study area, and that much of the valley recharge is not derived from direct infiltration of precipitation in the mountains.
Director,
Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 West Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119-2047
801-908-5000
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is revising the Chesapeake Bay-based science plan to align it with recent U.S. Department of Interior and USGS science priorities that include, as stated in the plan, providing “an integrated understanding of the factors affecting fish habitat, fish health, and landscape conditions” in Chesapeake Bay and its watershed. A report of partner agencies’ needs and priorities related to aquatic invasive species (AIS) science was identified as an informational gap; a report would help to further development of the science program related to aquatic animal health and habitat. This objective was addressed through review of pertinent documentation and conversations with representatives of State, Federal, and regional agencies with vested interests in AIS management in Chesapeake Bay and the Chesapeake Bay drainage area, and this document was produced to summarize the related findings.
All agencies and organizations (13) reported that AIS are of general concern, with most stakeholder groups reporting AIS-related issues to be of high priority, including invasive fishes and invertebrates, invasive plants, and microbes including aquatic animal pathogens.
Science needs that were recurrently indicated by stakeholders to support management of invasive species include
Potential next steps to address the science needs include
Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
11649 Leetown Road
Kearneysville, WV 25430
Relatively few North American anurans overwinter in water and information is sparse on their movement from overwintering habitat to breeding sites. Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) breed explosively in early spring and often overwinter submerged at sites that are distanced from breeding habitats. In montane parts of their range, wintering and breeding habitats can remain frozen for months. We investigated timing, duration, and potential cues for R. pretiosa migrations from a wintering lake near the Cascade Mountains in central Oregon, U.S.A. First and median migrant males moved slightly earlier than females. Onset of migration was as early as February 12 (males) and as late as April 4 (females) in years of mild and extended winters, respectively. Frogs were active at water temperatures below those associated with early breeding activities in one lowland R. pretiosa population. Higher proportions of frogs migrated before ice-out in years of prolonged winter conditions. Migrations were temporally compressed in years of later movement. This migration ‘rush’, along with the ability to move at cold temperatures and to vary timing of migrations likely helps montane R. pretiosa deal with colder and more variable spring conditions than lowland populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1637/0003-0031-184.1.87","usgsCitation":"Bowerman, J., and Pearl, C., 2020, Oregon spotted frog (Rana pretiosa) migration from an aquatic overwintering site: Timing, duration, and potential environmental cues: The American Midland Naturalist, v. 184, no. 1, p. 87-97, https://doi.org/10.1637/0003-0031-184.1.87.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","ipdsId":"IP-114580","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":387809,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://bioone.org/journals/the-american-midland-naturalist/volume-184/issue-1/0003-0031-184.1.87/Oregon-Spotted-Frog-Rana-pretiosa-Migration-from-an-Aquatic-Overwintering/10.1637/0003-0031-184.1.87.full"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Deschutes County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Aspen","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.44827842712402,\n 43.882892462492705\n ],\n [\n -121.44312858581543,\n 43.882892462492705\n ],\n [\n -121.44312858581543,\n 43.886758784865066\n ],\n [\n -121.44827842712402,\n 43.886758784865066\n ],\n [\n -121.44827842712402,\n 43.882892462492705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"184","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowerman, Jay","contributorId":57024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowerman","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearl, Christopher 0000-0003-2943-7321 christopher_pearl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7321","contributorId":172669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearl","given":"Christopher","email":"christopher_pearl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70211196,"text":"70211196 - 2020 - Legacy and current-use toxic contaminants in Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes personatus) from Puget Sound, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-17T15:35:00.620543","indexId":"70211196","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-15T10:27:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Legacy and current-use toxic contaminants in Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes personatus) from Puget Sound, Washington","title":"Legacy and current-use toxic contaminants in Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes personatus) from Puget Sound, Washington","docAbstract":"Forage fish are primary prey for seabirds, fish and marine mammals. Elevated levels of pollutants in Puget Sound, Washington salmon and killer whale tissues potentially could be sufficiently high to elicit adverse effects and hamper population recovery efforts. Contaminant transfer and biomagnification of the toxic compounds measured in this study likely contribute to those elevated concentrations. Pacific sand lance tissues from nine locations were analyzed for a suite of legacy and emerging contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, chlorinated pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, alkylphenols, and chlorinated paraffins. Chemicals were detected at all sites generally below available health effect levels for the host. However, sub-lethal effects are known to occur and additive effects from exposure to multiple compounds, like this study’s mixture, are not well understood. Biomagnification calculations suggest that, in some locations, concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in forage fish could result in predator tissue concentrations that exceed effect levels.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111287","usgsCitation":"Conn, K., Liedtke, T.L., Takesue, R.K., and Dinicola, R., 2020, Legacy and current-use toxic contaminants in Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes personatus) from Puget Sound, Washington: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 158, 111287, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111287.","productDescription":"111287, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-113548","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111287","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 47.03082254778662\n ],\n [\n -122.11578369140626,\n 47.03082254778662\n ],\n [\n -122.11578369140626,\n 48.33616902211533\n ],\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 48.33616902211533\n ],\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 47.03082254778662\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"158","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conn, Kathleen E. 0000-0002-2334-6536 kconn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2334-6536","contributorId":3923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conn","given":"Kathleen E.","email":"kconn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa L. 0000-0001-6063-9867 tliedtke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-9867","contributorId":2999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","email":"tliedtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takesue, Renee K. 0000-0003-1205-0825 rtakesue@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-0825","contributorId":2159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takesue","given":"Renee","email":"rtakesue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dinicola, Richard S. 0000-0003-4222-294X dinicola@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-294X","contributorId":352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinicola","given":"Richard S.","email":"dinicola@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70211200,"text":"70211200 - 2020 - Seasonal dynamics and interannual variability in mercury concentrations and loads through a three-reservoir complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-04T14:26:16.336057","indexId":"70211200","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-15T09:52:24","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal dynamics and interannual variability in mercury concentrations and loads through a three-reservoir complex","docAbstract":"The Hells Canyon Complex (HCC) along the Snake River (Idaho-Oregon border, USA) encompasses three successive reservoirs that seasonally stratify, creating anoxic conditions in the hypolimnion that promote methylmercury (MeHg) production. This study quantified seasonal dynamics and interannual variability in mercury concentrations (inorganic divalent mercury (IHg) and MeHg) and loads at four reservoir inflow and outflow locations through the HCC (2014-2017). We observed (1) that the HCC is a net sink for both IHg and MeHg, (2) interannual variability in IHg and MeHg loads largely reflecting streamflow conditions, and (3) seasonal variability in particulate IHg loading at the inflow (greatest from February to April) and MeHg export from the outflow (greatest from September to December) of the HCC. Seasonal export of MeHg was evidenced by increases in monthly mean concentrations of unfiltered MeHg (approximately twofold) and the percentage of total mercury (THg) as MeHg (≥ fourfold) coincident with reservoir destratification. Despite evidence of seasonal export of MeHg from the HCC, annual loads indicate a 42% decrease in unfiltered MeHg from HCC inflow to outflow. Results from this study improve the understanding of seasonal variability in mercury transport through and transformation within a reservoir complex.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.9b07103","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, A.K., Poulin, B., Naymik, J., Hoovestol, C., Clark, G., and Krabbenhoft, D.P., 2020, Seasonal dynamics and interannual variability in mercury concentrations and loads through a three-reservoir complex: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 51, no. 15, p. 9305-9314, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07103.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"9305","endPage":"9314","ipdsId":"IP-093352","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07103","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Hells Canyon Complex, Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.22480773925781,\n 44.35969672366612\n ],\n [\n -117.20455169677734,\n 44.3670601700202\n ],\n [\n -117.16678619384766,\n 44.50213752412924\n ],\n [\n -117.11460113525389,\n 44.54179234177644\n ],\n [\n -117.01984405517577,\n 44.71795336295624\n ],\n [\n -116.90242767333984,\n 44.78232241827084\n ],\n [\n -116.79702758789061,\n 44.96066822746149\n ],\n [\n -116.59704208374022,\n 45.37650819002362\n ],\n [\n -116.44065856933594,\n 45.6117559376588\n ],\n [\n -116.51996612548827,\n 45.70809729528788\n ],\n [\n -116.52391433715819,\n 45.752912029787566\n ],\n [\n -116.79565429687499,\n 45.63324613981234\n ],\n [\n -117.3175048828125,\n 44.574817404670306\n ],\n [\n -117.301025390625,\n 44.34349388385857\n ],\n [\n -117.22480773925781,\n 44.35969672366612\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldwin, Austin K. 0000-0002-6027-3823 akbaldwi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3823","contributorId":4515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Austin","email":"akbaldwi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poulin, Brett 0000-0002-5555-7733 bpoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-7733","contributorId":194253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulin","given":"Brett","email":"bpoulin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - 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These aggregations may increase fish susceptibility to fishing gears, with attendant effects on stock assessment inferences. We investigated how hypoxic conditions influenced catch rates of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in both fishery independent bottom trawls and stationary commercial trap nets. Specifically, we examined how the presence of hypoxia affected trap net catch rates and how hypoxia interacted with hypolimnion thickness to modify trawl catch rates. Bottom trawl catch rates were significantly higher in hypoxic conditions than in normoxic conditions, and in each of these scenarios catch rates declined as hypolimnion thickness increased. By comparison, trap net catch rates had a dome-shaped response to the duration of hypoxia with the highest catch rates occurring at intermediate levels. Increased catch rates in hypoxic conditions potentially causes yellow perch population models, which rely on both trap net and trawl indices, to overestimate abundance and could result in overfishing.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105684","usgsCitation":"Chamberlin, D.W., Knight, C., Kraus, R., Gorman, A.M., Xu, W., and Collingsworth, P.D., 2020, Hypoxia augments edge effects of water column stratification on fish distribution: Fisheries Research, v. 231, 105684, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105684.","productDescription":"105684, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106559","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 41.31082388091818\n ],\n [\n -79.29931640625,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -78.59619140625,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -78.79394531249999,\n 43.11702412135048\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 42.65012181368022\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 41.31082388091818\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"231","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chamberlin, Derek W.","contributorId":229361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlin","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36630,"text":"Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knight, Carey","contributorId":216161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knight","given":"Carey","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kraus, Richard 0000-0003-4494-1841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":216548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":792983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gorman, Ann Marie","contributorId":145525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gorman","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xu, Wenzhao","contributorId":200526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Wenzhao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collingsworth, Paris D.","contributorId":145526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collingsworth","given":"Paris","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70211095,"text":"fs20203029 - 2020 - Hydrologic conditions in Kansas, water year 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-15T15:15:41.30338","indexId":"fs20203029","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-15T06:52:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-3029","displayTitle":"Hydrologic Conditions in Kansas, Water Year 2019","title":"Hydrologic conditions in Kansas, water year 2019","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey Kansas Water Science Center, in cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies, maintains a long-term network of hydrologic monitoring stations in the State of Kansas. These include a network of 217 real-time streamgages and 12 real-time reservoir-level monitoring stations in water year 2019. The data and associated analyses from the streamgages and monitoring stations provide a unique overview of hydrologic conditions and help improve the understanding of Kansas’ water resources. Annual assessments of hydrologic conditions are made by comparing statistical analyses of current and past water year data for the period of record. Long-term monitoring of hydrologic conditions in Kansas provides imperative information for many uses including managing water resources and protecting human life and property and promoting agricultural practices, industrial activities, operation of reservoirs, development of infrastructure, ecological assessments, and recreational purposes.
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U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Dr.
Lawrence, Kansas 66049
This chapter reviews how AR research is being applied in real-world situations to address issues of flood planning and emergency intervention. It includes water supply management case studies. Examples comprise five distinct sections that show how AR research is being directly applied to the challenges that water managers, dam operators, crisis-management engineers such as USACE, National Weather Service (NWS) personnel, the media, and others face. These topics include how decision-makers on the ground must iteratively alternate between forecasts and their own field observations, especially in unfolding emergency-response conditions, and the trade-offs necessitated between acting on competing priorities such as flood-risk management and water supply management. Ultimately, almost all AR studies have the potential to directly benefit the public’s need for ongoing water supply as well as for accurate weather forecasts and deployable emergency protocols for natural hazards that necessitate municipal, state, and federal government personnel to collaborate.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atmospheric rivers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-28906-5_7","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, S., Anderson, M., Ralph, F., Dettinger, M.D., Lavers, D.A., Pappenberger, F., Richardson, D., and Zsoter, E., 2020, Applications of knowledge and predictions of atmospheric rivers, chap. of Atmospheric rivers, p. 201-218, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28906-5_7.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"218","ipdsId":"IP-108499","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ralph, F Martin","contributorId":261106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralph","given":"F Martin","affiliations":[{"id":39679,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819266,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":149896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - 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2020 - Degradation of RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) in contrasting coastal marine habitats: Subtidal non-vegetated (sand), subtidal vegetated (silt/eel grass), and intertidal marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T18:16:13.652435","indexId":"70217344","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-11T12:03:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Degradation of RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) in contrasting coastal marine habitats: Subtidal non-vegetated (sand), subtidal vegetated (silt/eel grass), and intertidal marsh","docAbstract":"Hundreds of explosive-contaminated marine sites exist globally, many of which contain the common munitions constituent hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). Quantitative information about RDX transformation in coastal ecosystems is essential for management of many of these sites. Isotopically labelled RDX containing 15N in all 3 nitro groups was used to track the fate of RDX in three coastal ecosystem types. Flow-through mesocosms representing subtidal vegetated (silt/eel grass), subtidal non-vegetated (sand) and intertidal marsh ecosystems were continuously loaded with isotopically labelled RDX for 16–17 days. Sediment, pore-water and overlying surface water were analyzed to determine the distribution of RDX, nitroso-triazine transformation products (NXs) and nitrogen containing complete mineralization products, including ammonium, nitrate+nitrite, nitrous oxide and nitrogen gas. The marsh, silt, and sand ecotypes transformed 94%, 90% and 76% of supplied RDX, respectively. Total dissolved NXs accounted for 2%–4% of the transformed 15N-RDX. The majority of RDX transformation in the water column was by mineralization to inorganic N (dissolved and evaded; 64%–78% of transformed 15N-RDX). RDX was mineralized primarily to N2O (62–74% of transformed 15N-RDX) and secondarily to N2 (1–2% of transformed 15N-RDX) which exchanged with the atmosphere. Transformation of RDX was favored in carbon-rich lower redox potential sediments of the silt and marsh mesocosms where anaerobic processes of iron and sulfate reduction were most prevalent. RDX was most persistent in the carbon-poor sand mesocosm. Partitioning of 15N derived from RDX onto sediment and suspended particulates was negligible in the overall mass balance of RDX transformation (2%–3% of transformed 15N-RDX). The fraction of 15N derived from RDX that was sorbed or assimilated in sediment was largest in the marsh mesocosm (most organic carbon), and smallest in the sand mesocosm (largest grain size and least organic carbon). Sediment redox conditions and available organic carbon stores affect the fate of RDX in different coastal marine habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140800","usgsCitation":"Ariyarathna, T., Ballentine, M., Vlahos, P., Smith, R.W., Cooper, C., Bohlke, J., Fallis, S., Groshens, T.J., and Tobias, C., 2020, Degradation of RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) in contrasting coastal marine habitats: Subtidal non-vegetated (sand), subtidal vegetated (silt/eel grass), and intertidal marsh: Science of the Total Environment, v. 745, 140800, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140800.","productDescription":"140800, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-114909","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140800","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.66357421875,\n 40.96952973563832\n ],\n [\n -72.2186279296875,\n 41.16211393939692\n ],\n [\n -72.0758056640625,\n 41.31082388091818\n ],\n [\n -72.35595703125,\n 41.32938883149378\n ],\n [\n -72.9327392578125,\n 41.288126204331704\n ],\n [\n -73.2183837890625,\n 41.166249339092\n ],\n [\n -73.56994628906249,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -73.85833740234374,\n 40.863679665481676\n ],\n [\n -73.86932373046875,\n 40.78054143186033\n ],\n [\n -73.65234375,\n 40.826280356677124\n ],\n [\n -73.399658203125,\n 40.865756786006806\n ],\n [\n -73.1524658203125,\n 40.901057866884024\n ],\n [\n -73.092041015625,\n 40.94671366508002\n ],\n [\n -72.79541015625,\n 40.944639085793064\n ],\n [\n -72.66357421875,\n 40.96952973563832\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"745","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ariyarathna, Thivanka","contributorId":191278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ariyarathna","given":"Thivanka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballentine, Mark","contributorId":191279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballentine","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vlahos, Penny","contributorId":191277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vlahos","given":"Penny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Richard W.","contributorId":191276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cooper, Christopher","contributorId":191280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fallis, Stephen","contributorId":191281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fallis","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Groshens, Thomas J.","contributorId":191282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groshens","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tobias, Craig R.","contributorId":23410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobias","given":"Craig R.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70214485,"text":"70214485 - 2020 - Hydrologic signals and surprises in U.S. streamflow records during urbanization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-28T14:17:38.874799","indexId":"70214485","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-11T09:09:04","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic signals and surprises in U.S. streamflow records during urbanization","docAbstract":"Urban development has been observed to lead to variable magnitudes of change for stormflow volume and directions of baseflow change across cities. This work examines temporal streamflow trends across the flow duration curve in 53 watersheds during periods of peak urban development, which ranged from 1939 to 2016. We used U.S. Geological Survey streamgage records combined with pre‐development and urbanization characteristics to identify 20 years for analysis in each urbanizing watershed. Each urbanizing gage was paired with a nearby reference gage representing climatic trends over the same time period. Results indicated that urbanization, as measured by housing density, did not homogeneously alter the flow duration curve. Urbanization led to widely variable trends in low flow, where half of the urbanizing gages had increasing flow at the 10th non‐exceedance percentile, and the other half had declining low flow. High flows generally increased in streams as the area urbanized. The largest increases in high flows were in streams in semi‐arid and arid areas. The largest urban flow changes had transformations in wastewater infrastructure, water supply infrastructure, and flood control facilities. Isolating flow changes due to urbanization from those of reference sites will serve to better identify and manage synergistic effects of urban development and climate change on flooding and water availability.
Water management practices in tidal marshes of the San Francisco Bay Estuary, California are often aimed at increasing suitable habitat for threatened fish species and sport fishes. However, little is known about how best to manage habitat for other sensitive status species like the semiaquatic freshwater Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata) that is declining throughout much of its range. Here, we examined the basking activity, abundance, survival, and growth of Western Pond Turtles at two brackish water study sites in Suisun Marsh, California that differed in how they were managed, with one having passive management (i.e., no active water regulation) and another having active management (i.e., water regulated for seasonal hunting). Our results revealed that basking activity was greatest when salinity, water stage, and air temperatures were low, shortwave radiation was high, and wind levels were intermediate. These preferred habitat characteristics often reflected conditions that were naturally maintained at the passively managed, muted tidal site. We also found that turtles were more abundant and had higher survival rates in the passively managed habitat compared to the actively managed habitat (201-323 turtles/km2 and 96% survival versus 11-135 turtles/km2 and 77% survival, respectively). Finally, characteristic growth constants from von Bertalanffy models showed that turtles grew more quickly in passively managed habitat compared to the actively managed habitat. Our results suggest that management strategies for this sensitive status species may be more effective if they protect passively managed muted tidal systems that limit or delay extreme cycles of salinity and water levels and conserve elevated terrestrial buffer zones adjacent to muted and full tidal systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-020-01326-0","usgsCitation":"Agha, M., Yackulic, C., Riley, M.K., Peterson, B., and Todd, B.D., 2020, Brackish tidal marsh management and the ecology of a declining freshwater turtle: Environmental Management, v. 66, p. 644-653, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-020-01326-0.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"644","endPage":"653","ipdsId":"IP-108939","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay Estuary, Suisun Marsh","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.12059020996094,\n 38.10052299089303\n ],\n [\n -121.93656921386719,\n 38.10052299089303\n ],\n [\n -121.93656921386719,\n 38.25004423627535\n ],\n [\n -122.12059020996094,\n 38.25004423627535\n ],\n [\n -122.12059020996094,\n 38.10052299089303\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Agha, Mickey","contributorId":22235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agha","given":"Mickey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":218825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riley, Melissa K.","contributorId":207841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riley","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, Blair","contributorId":229496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Blair","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":793350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Todd, Brian D","contributorId":167777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Todd","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}