{"pageNumber":"2364","pageRowStart":"59075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185071,"records":[{"id":70030033,"text":"70030033 - 2007 - Evidence for prosauropod dinosaur gastroliths in the Bull Run Formation (Upper Triassic, Norian) of Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T14:49:12","indexId":"70030033","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1965,"text":"Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","onlineIssn":"1563-5236","printIssn":"1042-0940","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for prosauropod dinosaur gastroliths in the Bull Run Formation (Upper Triassic, Norian) of Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>Definitive criteria for distinguishing gastroliths from sedimentary clasts are lacking for many depositional settings, and many reported occurrences of gastroliths either cannot be verified or have been refuted. We discuss four occurrences of gastrolith-like stones (category 6 exoliths) not found within skeletal remains from the Upper Triassic Bull Run Formation of northern Virginia, USA. Despite their lack of obvious skeletal association, the most parsimonious explanation for several characteristics of these stones is their prolonged residence in the gastric mills of large animals. These characteristics include 1) typical gastrolith microscopic surface texture, 2) evidence of pervasive surface wear on many of these stones that has secondarily removed variable amounts of thick weathering rinds typically found on these stones, and 3) a width/length-ratio modal peak for these stones that is more strongly developed than in any population of fluvial or fanglomerate stones of any age found in this region. When taken together, these properties of the stones can be explained most parsimoniously by animal ingestion and gastric-mill abrasion. The size of these stones indicates the animals that swallowed them were large, and the best candidate is a prosauropod dinosaur, possibly an ancestor of the Early Jurassic gastrolith-producing prosauropod<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Massospondylus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>or<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ammosaurus</i>.</p><p>Skeletal evidence for Upper Triassic prosauropods is lacking in the Newark Supergroup basins; footprints (<i>Agrestipus hottoni</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Eubrontes</i><span>&nbsp;</span>isp.) from the Bull Run Formation in the Culpeper basin previously ascribed to prosauropods are now known to be underprints (<i>Brachychirotherium parvum</i>) of an aetosaur and underprints (<i>Kayentapus minor</i>) of a ceratosaur. The absence of prosauropod skeletal remains or footprints in all but the uppermost (upper Rhaetian) Triassic rocks of the Newark Supergroup is puzzling because prosauropod remains are abundant elsewhere in the world in Upper Triassic (Carnian, Norian, and lower Rhaetian) continental strata. The apparent scarcity of prosauropods in Upper Triassic strata of the Newark Supergroup is interpreted as an artifact of ecological partitioning, created by the habitat range and dietary preferences of phytosaurs and by the preservational biases at that time within the lithofacies of the Newark Supergroup basins.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10420940601050030","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., Culp, M.J., and Wings, O., 2007, Evidence for prosauropod dinosaur gastroliths in the Bull Run Formation (Upper Triassic, Norian) of Virginia: Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces, v. 14, no. 3-4, p. 271-295, https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940601050030.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"295","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","volume":"14","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d50e4b0c8380cd52f3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Culp, Michelle J.","contributorId":80083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Culp","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wings, Oliver","contributorId":49604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wings","given":"Oliver","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030032,"text":"70030032 - 2007 - Annual precipitation in the Yellowstone National Park region since AD 1173","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70030032","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual precipitation in the Yellowstone National Park region since AD 1173","docAbstract":"Cores and cross sections from 133 limber pine (Pinus flexilis James) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) at four sites were used to estimate annual (July to June) precipitation in the Yellowstone National Park region for the period from AD 1173 to 1998. Examination of the long-term record shows that the early 20th century was markedly wet compared to the previous 700??yr. Extreme wet and dry years within the instrumental period fall within the range of past variability, and the magnitude of the worst-case droughts of the 20th century (AD 1930s and 1950s) was likely equaled or exceeded on numerous occasions before AD 1900. Spectral analysis showed significant decadal to multidecadal precipitation variability. At times this lower frequency variability produces strong regime-like behavior in regional precipitation, with the potential for rapid, high-amplitude switching between predominately wet and predominately dry conditions. Over multiple time scales, strong Yellowstone region precipitation anomalies were almost always associated with spatially extensive events spanning various combinations of the central and southern U.S. Rockies, the northern U.S.-Southern Canadian Rockies and the Pacific Northwest. ?? 2007 University of Washington.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2007.02.002","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Gray, S., Graumlich, L., and Betancourt, J., 2007, Annual precipitation in the Yellowstone National Park region since AD 1173: Quaternary Research, v. 68, no. 1, p. 18-27, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.02.002.","startPage":"18","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212667,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.02.002"},{"id":240190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec2ee4b0c8380cd490f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, S.T.","contributorId":19680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graumlich, L.J.","contributorId":30417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graumlich","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Betancourt, J.L. 0000-0002-7165-0743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":87505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030031,"text":"70030031 - 2007 - Experimental analysis of the auditory detection process on avian point counts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T13:05:17","indexId":"70030031","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental analysis of the auditory detection process on avian point counts","docAbstract":"<p><span>We have developed a system for simulating the conditions of avian surveys in which birds are identified by sound. The system uses a laptop computer to control a set of amplified MP3 players placed at known locations around a survey point. The system can realistically simulate a known population of songbirds under a range of factors that affect detection probabilities. The goals of our research are to describe the sources and range of variability affecting point-count estimates and to find applications of sampling theory and methodologies that produce practical improvements in the quality of bird-census data. Initial experiments in an open field showed that, on average, observers tend to undercount birds on unlimited-radius counts, though the proportion of birds counted by individual observers ranged from 81% to 132% of the actual total. In contrast to the unlimited-radius counts, when data were truncated at a 50-m radius around the point, observers overestimated the total population by 17% to 122%. Results also illustrate how detection distances decline and identification errors increase with increasing levels of ambient noise. Overall, the proportion of birds heard by observers decreased by 28 ± 4.7% under breezy conditions, 41 ± 5.2% with the presence of additional background birds, and 42 ± 3.4% with the addition of 10 dB of white noise. These findings illustrate some of the inherent difficulties in interpreting avian abundance estimates based on auditory detections, and why estimates that do not account for variations in detection probability will not withstand critical scrutiny.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[986:EAOTAD]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Simons, T., Alldredge, M., Pollock, K.H., and Wettroth, J., 2007, Experimental analysis of the auditory detection process on avian point counts: The Auk, v. 124, no. 3, p. 986-999, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[986:EAOTAD]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"986","endPage":"999","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477003,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[986:eaotad]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dbfe4b0c8380cd5318e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simons, T.R.","contributorId":56334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alldredge, M.W.","contributorId":50263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alldredge","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wettroth, J.M.","contributorId":83740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wettroth","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030029,"text":"70030029 - 2007 - Effect of bedrock permeability on subsurface stormflow and the water balance of a trenched hillslope at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70030029","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of bedrock permeability on subsurface stormflow and the water balance of a trenched hillslope at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA","docAbstract":"The effect of bedrock permeability on subsurface stormflow initiation and the hillslope water balance is poorly understood. Previous hillslope hydrological studies at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW), Georgia, USA, have assumed that the bedrock underlying the trenched hillslope is effectively impermeable. This paper presents a series of sprinkling experiments where we test the bedrock impermeability hypothesis at the PMRW. Specifically, we quantify the bedrock permeability effects on hillslope subsurface stormflow generation and the hillslope water balance at the PMRW. Five sprinkling experiments were performed by applying 882-1676 mm of rainfall over a ???5.5 m ?? 12 m area on the lower hillslope during ???8 days. In addition to water input and output captured at the trench, we measured transpiration in 14 trees on the slope to close the water balance. Of the 193 mm day-1 applied during the later part of the sprinkling experiments when soil moisture changes were small, < 14 mm day-1 was collected at the trench and <4 mm day-1 was transpired by the trees, with residual bedrock leakage of > 175 mm day-1 (91%). Bedrock moisture was measured at three locations downslope of the water collection system in the trench. Bedrock moisture responded quickly to precipitation in early spring. Peak tracer breakthrough in response to natural precipitation in the bedrock downslope from the trench was delayed only 2 days relative to peak tracer arrival in subsurface stormflow at the trench. Leakage to bedrock influences subsurface stormflow at the storm time-scale and also the water balance of the hillslope. This has important implications for the age and geochemistry of the water and thus how one models this hillslope and watershed. Copyright ?? 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6265","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Tromp-van, M.H., Peters, N., and McDonnell, J.J., 2007, Effect of bedrock permeability on subsurface stormflow and the water balance of a trenched hillslope at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 21, no. 6, p. 750-769, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6265.","startPage":"750","endPage":"769","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213101,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6265"},{"id":240692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05c2e4b0c8380cd50f43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tromp-van, Meerveld H. J. H. J.","contributorId":54710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tromp-van","given":"Meerveld","suffix":"H. J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonnell, Jeffery J. 0000-0002-3880-3162","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-3162","contributorId":62723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030028,"text":"70030028 - 2007 - Influence of soil chemistry on metal and bioessential element concentrations in nymphal and adult periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70030028","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of soil chemistry on metal and bioessential element concentrations in nymphal and adult periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.)","docAbstract":"Metal and bioessential element concentrations were measured in three species of 17-year periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.) to determine how cicada tissue chemistry is affected by soil chemistry, measure the bioavailability of metals from both uncontaminated and lead-arsenate-pesticide contaminated soils, and assess the potential risks of observed metal contamination for wildlife. Periodical cicada nymphs feed on root xylem fluids for 13 or 17??years of underground development. The nymphs then emerge synchronously at high densities, before leaving their nymphal keratin exoskeleton and molting into their adult form. Cicadas are an important food source for birds and animals during emergence events, and influence nutrient cycles in woodland ecosystems. Nymphal exoskeletons and whole adult cicadas were sampled in Clarke and Frederick Counties, Virginia and Berkeley and Jefferson Counties, West Virginia during the Brood X emergence in May and June, 2004. Elements, such as Al, Fe, and Pb, are strongly enriched in the nymphal exoskeleton relative to the adult body; Cu and Zn are enriched in bodies. Concentrations of Fe and Pb, when normalized to relatively inert soil constituents such as Al and Ce, are similar in both the molt exoskeleton and their host soil, implying that passive assimilation through prolonged soil contact (adhesion or adsorption) might control these metal concentrations. Normalized concentrations of bioessential elements, such as S, P, K, Ca, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Mo, and chalcophile (sulfur-loving) elements, such as As, Se, and Au, indicate strong enrichment in cicada tissues relative to soil, implying selective absorption and retention by xylem fluids, the cicada nymphs themselves, or both. Element enrichment patterns in cicada tissues are similar to enrichment patterns observed in xylem fluids from tree roots. Chalcophile elements and heavy metals accumulate in keratin-rich tissues and may bind to sulfhydryl groups. Metal concentrations in the nymphal exoskeleton show a positive correlation with soil metal concentrations, with Au exhibiting particularly strong enrichment in the exoskeleton relative to soil concentrations. Metal concentrations in adult bodies do not correlate with soil chemistry. Bioessential elements S, Ca, Mn, Fe, and Zn differed by sex in adults, whereas Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, and As differed by species. Body concentrations of Ca differed by site conditions (orchard or reference setting). The high Pb contents of orchard soils contaminated by arsenical pesticide residues might inhibit Ca uptake by cicada nymphs. The adult cicadas contain concentrations of metals similar to, or less than, other invertebrates, such as earthworms. There does not appear to be a dietary threat to birds or other consumers of adult cicadas based on Maximum Tolerable Dietary Level (MTDL) Guidelines developed for agricultural animals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.031","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Robinson, G., Sibrell, P., Boughton, C., and Yang, L., 2007, Influence of soil chemistry on metal and bioessential element concentrations in nymphal and adult periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.): Science of the Total Environment, v. 374, no. 2-3, p. 367-378, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.031.","startPage":"367","endPage":"378","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213073,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.031"},{"id":240658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"374","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b7ce4b0c8380cd62590","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, G.R. Jr. 0000-0002-9676-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-9564","contributorId":6444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"G.R.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sibrell, P.L.","contributorId":13343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sibrell","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boughton, C.J.","contributorId":89356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boughton","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yang, L.H.","contributorId":53168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030027,"text":"70030027 - 2007 - Geohydrologic assessment of fractured crystalline bedrock on the southern part of Manhattan, New York, through the use of advanced borehole geophysical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T10:07:52","indexId":"70030027","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2323,"text":"Journal of Geophysics and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geohydrologic assessment of fractured crystalline bedrock on the southern part of Manhattan, New York, through the use of advanced borehole geophysical methods","docAbstract":"<p><span>Advanced borehole-geophysical methods were used to assess the geohydrology of fractured crystalline bedrock in 31 of 64 boreholes on the southern part of Manhattan Island, NY in preparation of the construction of a new water tunnel. The study area is located in a highly urbanized part of New York City. The boreholes penetrated gneiss, schist, and other crystalline bedrock that has an overall southwest-to northwest-dipping foliation. Most of the fractures intersected are nearly horizontal or have moderate- to high-angle northwest or eastward dip azimuths. Heat-pulse flowmeter logs obtained under nonpumping (ambient) and pumping conditions, together with other geophysical logs, delineated transmissive fracture zones in each borehole. Water-level and flowmeter data suggest the fractured-rock ground-water-flow system is interconnected. The 60 MHz directional borehole-radar logs delineated the location and orientation of several radar reflectors that did not intersect the projection of the borehole. A total of 53 faults intersected by the boreholes have mean orientation populations of N12°W, 66°W and N11°W, 70°E. A total of 77 transmissive fractures delineated using the heat-pulse flowmeter have mean orientations of N11°E, 14°SE (majority) and N23°E, 57°NW (minority). The transmissivity of the bedrock boreholes ranged from 0.7 to 870 feet squared (ft</span><sup>2</sup><span>) per day (0.07 to 81 metres squared (m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) per day).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1088/1742-2132/4/3/S02","issn":"17422132","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., Chu, A., Joesten, P., and Lane, J., 2007, Geohydrologic assessment of fractured crystalline bedrock on the southern part of Manhattan, New York, through the use of advanced borehole geophysical methods: Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, v. 4, no. 3, p. 245-252, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/4/3/S02.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"252","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Manhattan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.02450561523438,\n              40.69938133866613\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.93386840820312,\n              40.69938133866613\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.93386840820312,\n              40.79977641109269\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.02450561523438,\n              40.79977641109269\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.02450561523438,\n              40.69938133866613\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a17a0e4b0c8380cd55578","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, F.","contributorId":33928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chu, A.","contributorId":81697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Joesten, P. K.","contributorId":62818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joesten","given":"P. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lane, J.W. Jr.","contributorId":66723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"J.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030026,"text":"70030026 - 2007 - Coastal-change impacts during hurricane katrina: an overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-14T16:53:58","indexId":"70030026","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Coastal-change impacts during hurricane katrina: an overview","docAbstract":"As part of an ongoing cooperative effort between USGS, NASA and USACE, the barrier islands within the right-front quadrant of Hurricane Katrina were surveyed with airborne lidar both before and after landfall. Dauphin Island, AL was located the farthest from landfall and wave runup intermittently overtopped its central and western sections. The Gulf-side of the island experienced severe erosion, leaving the first row of houses in the sea, while the bayside accreted. In contrast, the Chandeleur Islands, LA did not experience, this classic `rollover'. Rather, the island chain was completely stripped of sand, transforming a 40-km-long sandy island chain into a discontinuous series of muddy marsh islets. Models indicate that storm surge likely submerged the entire Chandeleur Island chain, at least during the latter part of the storm. The net result was destructive coastal change for the Chandeleur Islands, while Dauphin Island tended to maintain its form through landward migration.","largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","conferenceTitle":"6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/40926(239)68","isbn":"0784409269; 9780784409268","usgsCitation":"Sallenger, A., Wright, C.W., and Lillycrop, J., 2007, Coastal-change impacts during hurricane katrina: an overview, <i>in</i> Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes, New Orleans, LA, p. 888-896, https://doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)68.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"888","endPage":"896","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213014,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)68"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f794e4b0c8380cd4cbb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sallenger, Asbury","contributorId":83339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"Asbury","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, C. Wayne wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":57422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lillycrop, Jeff","contributorId":62027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillycrop","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030025,"text":"70030025 - 2007 - On the phylogenetic position of the scrub-birds (Passeriformes: Menurae: Atrichornithidae) of Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70030025","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2409,"text":"Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the phylogenetic position of the scrub-birds (Passeriformes: Menurae: Atrichornithidae) of Australia","docAbstract":"Evolutionary relationships of the scrub-birds Atrichornis were investigated using complete sequences of the recombination-activating gene RAG-1 and the proto-oncogene c-mos for two individuals of the noisy scrub-bird Atrichornis clamosus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Atrichornis was sister to the genus Menura (the lyrebirds) and that these two genera (the Menurae) were sister to the rest of the oscine passerines. A sister relationship between Atrichornis and Menura supports the traditional view, based on morphology and DNA hybridization, that these taxa are closely related. Similarly, a sister relationship with the remaining oscine passerines agrees with the morphological distinctiveness of Atrichornis and Menura, although this result contradicts conclusions based on DNA hybridization studies. Although Atrichornis is very well known morphologically, previous conclusions regarding its relationships were hampered by a lack of comparative knowledge of other passerines, making concurrence of the sequence data of particular significance. ?? Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10336-007-0174-9","issn":"00218375","usgsCitation":"Chesser, R., and ten, H.J., 2007, On the phylogenetic position of the scrub-birds (Passeriformes: Menurae: Atrichornithidae) of Australia: Journal of Ornithology, v. 148, no. 4, p. 471-476, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-007-0174-9.","startPage":"471","endPage":"476","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213013,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-007-0174-9"}],"volume":"148","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6de7e4b0c8380cd753b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chesser, R.T. 0000-0003-4389-7092","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-7092","contributorId":34616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesser","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten, Have J.","contributorId":29221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten","given":"Have","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030024,"text":"70030024 - 2007 - Dominant factors in controlling marine gas pools in South China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70030024","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1707,"text":"Frontiers of Earth Science in China","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dominant factors in controlling marine gas pools in South China","docAbstract":"In marine strata from Sinian to Middle Triassic in South China, there develop four sets of regional and six sets of local source rocks, and ten sets of reservoir rocks. The occurrence of four main formation periods in association with five main reconstruction periods, results in a secondary origin for the most marine gas pools in South China. To improve the understanding of marine gas pools in South China with severely deformed geological background, the dominant control factors are discussed in this paper. The fluid sources, including the gas cracked from crude oil, the gas dissolved in water, the gas of inorganic origin, hydrocarbons generated during the second phase, and the mixed pool fluid source, were the most significant control factors of the types and the development stage of pools. The period of the pool formation and the reconstruction controlled the pool evolution and the distribution on a regional scale. Owing to the multiple periods of the pool formation and the reconstruction, the distribution of marine gas pools was complex both in space and in time, and the gas in the pools is heterogeneous. Pool elements, such as preservation conditions, traps and migration paths, and reservoir rocks and facies, also served as important control factors to marine gas pools in South China. Especially, the preservation conditions played a key role in maintaining marine oil and gas accumulations on a regional or local scale. According to several dominant control factors of a pool, the pool-controlling model can be constructed. As an example, the pool-controlling model of Sinian gas pool in Weiyuan gas field in Sichuan basin was summed up. ?? Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Frontiers of Earth Science in China","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11707-007-0060-z","issn":"16737385","usgsCitation":"Xu, S., and Watney, W., 2007, Dominant factors in controlling marine gas pools in South China: Frontiers of Earth Science in China, v. 1, no. 4, p. 491-497, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-007-0060-z.","startPage":"491","endPage":"497","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213012,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11707-007-0060-z"},{"id":240592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03a6e4b0c8380cd505b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, S.","contributorId":84954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watney, W.L.","contributorId":43087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watney","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030023,"text":"70030023 - 2007 - Distinguishing native (Celastrus scandens L.) and invasive (C. orbiculatus Thunb.) bittersweet species using morphological characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T12:44:32","indexId":"70030023","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2571,"text":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinguishing native (Celastrus scandens L.) and invasive (C. orbiculatus Thunb.) bittersweet species using morphological characteristics","docAbstract":"<p><i>Celastrus orbiculatus</i><span>&nbsp;is an invasive liana in the Eastern United States. Its native congener,&nbsp;</span><i>C. scandens</i><span>, is less common and declining in the Northeast. The correct identification of these two species is often difficult because of their similar vegetative characteristics. Using morphological characteristics of both species growing naturally along a sand dune/forest ecotone, we built models for use in discriminating between the species, given a suite of leaf and fruit traits. We confirmed that the two species can be discriminated effectively using fruit characters, notably fruit volume and seed number. Several leaf traits, such as length-to-width ratio and leaf apex length can also discriminate between the species, but without the same predictive reliability of fruit traits. In addition, we determined that at leaf out in the spring the leaves of the two species were folded differently in the bud allowing them to be successfully discriminated in the early spring. Land managers could use this information to differentiate between the two species in the field and thereby control for the invasive</span><i>C. orbiculatus</i><span>, while preserving remaining populations of&nbsp;</span><i>C. scandens</i><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Torrey Botanical Society","doi":"10.3159/07-RA-028.1","issn":"10955674","usgsCitation":"Leicht-Young, S.A., Pavlovic, N., Grundel, R., and Frohnapple, K., 2007, Distinguishing native (Celastrus scandens L.) and invasive (C. orbiculatus Thunb.) bittersweet species using morphological characteristics: Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, v. 134, no. 4, p. 441-450, https://doi.org/10.3159/07-RA-028.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"450","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212987,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3159/07-RA-028.1"}],"volume":"134","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0251e4b0c8380cd4ffd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leicht-Young, S. A.","contributorId":41648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leicht-Young","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlovic, N.B.","contributorId":105076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"N.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grundel, R.","contributorId":37110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grundel","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frohnapple, K.J.","contributorId":13442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frohnapple","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030022,"text":"70030022 - 2007 - Forces on stationary particles in near-bed turbulent flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70030022","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forces on stationary particles in near-bed turbulent flows","docAbstract":"In natural flows, bed sediment particles are entrained and moved by the fluctuating forces, such as lift and drag, exerted by the overlying flow on the particles. To develop a better understanding of these forces and the relation of the forces to the local flow, the downstream and vertical components of force on near-bed fixed particles and of fluid velocity above or in front of them were measured synchronously at turbulence-resolving frequencies (200 or 500 Hz) in a laboratory flume. Measurements were made for a spherical test particle fixed at various heights above a smooth bed, above a smooth bed downstream of a downstream-facing step, and in a gravel bed of similarly sized particles as well as for a cubical test particle and 7 natural particles above a smooth bed. Horizontal force was well correlated with downstream velocity and not correlated with vertical velocity or vertical momentum flux. The standard drag formula worked well to predict the horizontal force, but the required value of the drag coefficient was significantly higher than generally used to model bed load motion. For the spheres, cubes, and natural particles, average drag coefficients were found to be 0.76, 1.36, and 0.91, respectively. For comparison, the drag coefficient for a sphere settling in still water at similar particle Reynolds numbers is only about 0.4. The variability of the horizontal force relative to its mean was strongly increased by the presence of the step and the gravel bed. Peak deviations were about 30% of the mean force for the sphere over the smooth bed, about twice the mean with the step, and 4 times it for the sphere protruding roughly half its diameter above the gravel bed. Vertical force correlated poorly with downstream velocity, vertical velocity, and vertical momentum flux whether measured over or ahead of the test particle. Typical formulas for shear-induced lift based on Bernoulli's principle poorly predict the vertical forces on near-bed particles. The measurements suggest that particle-scale pressure variations associated with turbulence are significant in the particle momentum balance. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JF000536","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Schmeeckle, M., Nelson, J.M., and Shreve, R., 2007, Forces on stationary particles in near-bed turbulent flows: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 112, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000536.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212986,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000536"},{"id":240562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a130ce4b0c8380cd544d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmeeckle, M.W.","contributorId":7461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmeeckle","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, J. M.","contributorId":68687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shreve, R.L.","contributorId":105536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shreve","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030011,"text":"70030011 - 2007 - Diet and prey selection by Lake Superior lake trout during springs 1986-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T10:24:34","indexId":"70030011","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diet and prey selection by Lake Superior lake trout during springs 1986-2001","docAbstract":"<p><span>We describe the diet and prey selectivity of lean (</span><i>Salvelinus namaycush namaycush</i><span>) and siscowet lake trout (S. n. siscowet) collected during spring (April&ndash;June) from Lake Superior during 1986&ndash;2001. We estimated prey selectivity by comparing prey numerical abundance estimates from spring bottom trawl surveys and lake trout diet information in similar areas from spring gill net surveys conducted annually in Lake Superior. Rainbow smelt (</span><i>Osmerus mordax</i><span>) was the most common prey and was positively selected by both lean and siscowet lake trout throughout the study. Selection by lean lake trout for coregonine (</span><i>Coregonus</i><span>&nbsp;spp.) prey increased after 1991 and corresponded with a slight decrease in selection for rainbow smelt. Siscowet positively selected for rainbow smelt after 1998, a change that was coincident with the decrease in selection for this prey item by lean lake trout. However, diet overlap between lean and siscowet lake trout was not strong and did not change significantly over the study period. Rainbow smelt remains an important prey species for lake trout in Lake Superior despite declines in abundance.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[104:DAPSBL]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Ray, B., Hrabik, T., Ebener, M., Gorman, O.T., Schreiner, D., Schram, S., Sitar, S., Mattes, W., and Bronte, C., 2007, Diet and prey selection by Lake Superior lake trout during springs 1986-2001: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 1, p. 104-113, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[104:DAPSBL]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"104","endPage":"113","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212845,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[104:DAPSBL]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00cce4b0c8380cd4f910","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ray, B.A.","contributorId":82531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hrabik, T.R.","contributorId":95250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hrabik","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebener, M.P.","contributorId":93422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebener","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gorman, O. T.","contributorId":104605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schreiner, D.R.","contributorId":70571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiner","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schram, S.T.","contributorId":85297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schram","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sitar, S.P.","contributorId":52794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sitar","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mattes, W.P.","contributorId":99777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattes","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bronte, C.R.","contributorId":20100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70030009,"text":"70030009 - 2007 - First record of ithytrichia (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) in Michigan, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T08:50:44","indexId":"70030009","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1520,"text":"Entomological News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First record of ithytrichia (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) in Michigan, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>[No abstract available]</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Entomological Society","doi":"10.3157/0013-872X(2007)118[313:FROITH]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0013872X","usgsCitation":"Craig, J., and Chriscinske, M., 2007, First record of ithytrichia (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) in Michigan, U.S.A.: Entomological News, v. 118, no. 3, p. 313-314, https://doi.org/10.3157/0013-872X(2007)118[313:FROITH]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"314","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212818,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3157/0013-872X(2007)118[313:FROITH]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a105fe4b0c8380cd53c43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craig, J.M.","contributorId":39566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chriscinske, M.A.","contributorId":53166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chriscinske","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030008,"text":"70030008 - 2007 - Did debris-covered glaciers serve as pleistocene refugia for plants? A new hypothesis derived from observations of recent plant growth on glacier surfaces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030008","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Did debris-covered glaciers serve as pleistocene refugia for plants? A new hypothesis derived from observations of recent plant growth on glacier surfaces","docAbstract":"This study proposes a new hypothesis: Debris-covered glaciers served as Pleistocene biological refugia. This is based on detailed studies of vascular plant growth on six debris-mantled glaciers, literally around the world, as well as many casual observations also across the globe. We find that such glaciers are quite common and are distributed globally. Using Carbon Glacier, Mount Rainier, U.S.A., as a type locality and case study, we show aspects of the floristic and structural diversity as well as spatial patterns of plant growth on the glacier surface. Migration strategies, root characteristics, and origin and dispersal strategies for vascular plant species are documented. Also reported are special microclimatic conditions in these areas allowing for this remarkable plant ecology. We find that alpine taxa can grow considerably below their usual altitudinal niche due to the cooler subsurface soil temperatures found on glacial debris with ice underneath, and that may have significantly altered the spatial distribution of such flora during full glacial conditions. This in turn creates previously undocumented areas from which alpine, and perhaps arctic, plant species reestablished in post-glacial time. This hypothesis is complementary to both the nunatak hypothesis and tabula rasa theory and possibly helps solve the ongoing controversy between them. ?? 2007 Regents of the University of Colorado.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1657/1523-0430(2007)39[245:DDGSAP]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Fickert, T., Friend, D., Gruninger, F., Molnia, B., and Richter, M., 2007, Did debris-covered glaciers serve as pleistocene refugia for plants? A new hypothesis derived from observations of recent plant growth on glacier surfaces: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 39, no. 2, p. 245-257, https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(2007)39[245:DDGSAP]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"245","endPage":"257","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477010,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1657/1523-0430%282007%2939%5B245%3ADDGSAP%5D2.0.CO%3B2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212817,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(2007)39[245:DDGSAP]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"39","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00b7e4b0c8380cd4f890","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fickert, T.","contributorId":100195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fickert","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friend, D.","contributorId":107500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gruninger, F.","contributorId":17048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gruninger","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Molnia, B.","contributorId":49605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molnia","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richter, M.","contributorId":97323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030007,"text":"70030007 - 2007 - Biomarkers of metals exposure in fish from lead-zinc mining areas of Southeastern Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T16:27:42","indexId":"70030007","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biomarkers of metals exposure in fish from lead-zinc mining areas of Southeastern Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"<p>The potential effects of proposed lead-zinc mining in an ecologically sensitive area were assessed by studying a nearby mining district that has been exploited for about 30 y under contemporary environmental regulations and with modern technology. Blood and liver samples representing fish of three species (largescale stoneroller, Campostoma oligolepis, n=91; longear sunfish, Lepomis megalotis, n=105; and northern hog sucker, Hypentelium nigricans, n=20) from 16 sites representing a range of conditions relative to mining activities were collected. Samples were analyzed for metals (also reported in a companion paper) and for biomarkers of metals exposure [erythrocyte ??-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) activity; concentrations of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), iron, and hemoglobin (Hb) in blood; and hepatic metallothionein (MT) gene expression and lipid peroxidation]. Blood lead concentrations were significantly higher and ALA-D activity significantly lower in all species at sites nearest to active lead-zinc mines and in a stream contaminated by historical mining than at reference or downstream sites. ALA-D activity was also negatively correlated with blood lead concentrations in all three species but not with other metals. Iron and Hb concentrations were positively correlated in all three species, but were not correlated with any other metals in blood or liver in any species. MT gene expression was positively correlated with liver zinc concentrations, but neither MT nor lipid peroxidase differences among fish grouped according to lead concentrations were statistically significant. ZPP was not detected by hematofluorometry in most fish, but fish with detectable ZPP were from sites affected by mining. Collectively, these results confirm that metals are released to streams from active lead-zinc mining sites and are accumulated by fish. ?? 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.12.011","issn":"01476513","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, C., Whyte, J., Roberts, A., Annis, M., May, T., and Tillitt, D.E., 2007, Biomarkers of metals exposure in fish from lead-zinc mining areas of Southeastern Missouri, USA: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 67, no. 1, p. 31-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.12.011.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212787,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.12.011"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f18ae4b0c8380cd4acb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whyte, J.J.","contributorId":34716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whyte","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roberts, A.P.","contributorId":28262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Annis, M.L.","contributorId":53930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Annis","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"May, T.W.","contributorId":75878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70030006,"text":"70030006 - 2007 - Luminescence ages for alluvial-fan deposits in Southern Death Valley: Implications for climate-driven sedimentation along a tectonically active mountain front","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030006","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Luminescence ages for alluvial-fan deposits in Southern Death Valley: Implications for climate-driven sedimentation along a tectonically active mountain front","docAbstract":"Controversy exists over whether alluvial-fan sedimentation along tectonically active mountain fronts is driven by climatic changes or tectonics. Knowing the age of sedimentation is the key to understanding the relationship between sedimentation and its cause. Alluvial-fan deposits in Death Valley and throughout the arid southwestern United States have long been the subjects of study, but their ages have generally eluded researchers until recently. Most mapping efforts have recognized at least four major relative-age groupings (Q1 (oldest), Q2, Q3, and Q4 (youngest)), using observed changes in surface soils and morphology, relation to the drainage net, and development of desert pavement. Obtaining numerical age determinations for these morphologic stages has proven challenging. We report the first optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages for three of these four stages deposited within alluvial-fans along the tectonically active Black Mountains of Death Valley. Deposits showing distinct, remnant bar and swale topography (Q3b) have OSL ages from 7 to 4 ka., whereas those with moderate to poorly developed desert pavement and located farther above the active channel (Q3a) have OSL ages from 17 to 11 ka. Geomorphically older deposits with well-developed desert pavement (Q2d) have OSL ages ???25 ka. Using this OSL-based chronology, we note that alluvial-fan deposition along this tectonically active mountain front corresponds to both wet-to-dry and dry-to-wet climate changes recorded globally and regionally. These findings underscore the influence of climate change on alluvial fan deposition in arid and semi-arid regions. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2007.01.002","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Sohn, M., Mahan, S., Knott, J., and Bowman, D., 2007, Luminescence ages for alluvial-fan deposits in Southern Death Valley: Implications for climate-driven sedimentation along a tectonically active mountain front: Quaternary International, v. 166, no. 1, p. 49-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2007.01.002.","startPage":"49","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212786,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2007.01.002"},{"id":240325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"166","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a83e4b0c8380cd68e19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sohn, M.F.","contributorId":95687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohn","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, S. A. 0000-0001-5214-7774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":94333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knott, J.R.","contributorId":26847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knott","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowman, D.D.","contributorId":76549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowman","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030004,"text":"70030004 - 2007 - Molecular analysis of fungal communities and laccase genes in decomposing litter reveals differences among forest types but no impact of nitrogen deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030004","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1548,"text":"Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular analysis of fungal communities and laccase genes in decomposing litter reveals differences among forest types but no impact of nitrogen deposition","docAbstract":"The fungal community of the forest floor was examined as the cause of previously reported increases in soil organic matter due to experimental N deposition in ecosystems producing predominantly high-lignin litter, and the opposite response in ecosystems producing low-lignin litter. The mechanism proposed to explain this phenomenon was that white-rot basidiomycetes are more important in the degradation of high-lignin litter than of low-lignin litter, and that their activity is suppressed by N deposition. We found that forest floor mass in the low-lignin sugar-maple dominated system decreased in October due to experimental N deposition, whereas forest floor mass of high-lignin oak-dominated ecosystems was unaffected by N deposition. Increased relative abundance of basidiomycetes in high-lignin forest floor was confirmed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequencing. Abundance of basidiomycete laccase genes, encoding an enzyme used by white-rot basidiomycetes in the degradation of lignin, was 5-10 times greater in high-lignin forest floor than in low-lignin forest floor. While the differences between the fungal communities in different ecosystems were consistent with the proposed mechanism, no significant effects of N deposition were detected on DGGE profiles, laccase gene abundance, laccase length heterogeneity profiles, or phenol oxidase activity. Our observations indicate that the previously detected accumulation of soil organic matter in the high-lignin system may be driven by effects of N deposition on organisms in the mineral soil, rather than on organisms residing in the forest floor. However, studies of in situ gene expression and temporal and spatial variability within forest floor communities will be necessary to further relate the ecosystem dynamics of organic carbon to microbial communities and atmospheric N deposition. ?? 2007 The Authors; Journal compilation ?? 2007 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01250.x","issn":"14622912","usgsCitation":"Blackwood, C., Waldrop, M., Zak, D., and Sinsabaugh, R.L., 2007, Molecular analysis of fungal communities and laccase genes in decomposing litter reveals differences among forest types but no impact of nitrogen deposition: Environmental Microbiology, v. 9, no. 5, p. 1306-1316, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01250.x.","startPage":"1306","endPage":"1316","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477278,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01250.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212753,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01250.x"},{"id":240289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5cf0e4b0c8380cd70053","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blackwood, C.B.","contributorId":12256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zak, D.R.","contributorId":55625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zak","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sinsabaugh, R. L.","contributorId":30784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sinsabaugh","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7164,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030002,"text":"70030002 - 2007 - Juvenile densities relative to water regime in mainstem reservoirs of the Tennessee River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030002","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2594,"text":"Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Juvenile densities relative to water regime in mainstem reservoirs of the Tennessee River, USA","docAbstract":"Successful reproduction and development of strong year classes of fish in storage reservoirs are commonly associated with reproductive seasons of high water level and extensive flooding. Responses to flooding are likely to be less pronounced or altogether different in mainstem navigation reservoirs that experience limited water level fluctuation. In these reservoirs, water regime characteristics such as timing of flooding, instability of water level, and water retention could supersede the effects of water level. We examined existing data to identify aspects of the water regime that have detectable consequence on juveniles of selected taxa in a sequence of four reservoirs of the Tennessee River that exhibited relatively small annual rises. Empirical models relating density of selected age-0 centrarchids to water regime suggested that descriptors of spring and summer flow through the reservoirs, water level instability, and summer water level were better related to juvenile densities than was spring water level. Different water regimes had different effects on the study species, and presumably other species in the fish communities. Therefore, a diversity of water regimes rather than a rigid rule curve is likely most beneficial to the long-term permanence of the fish assemblages of the study reservoirs. Fixed rule curves produce drawdown zones devoid of vegetation consisting primarily of mudflats of limited ecological value to floodplain species, and maintenance of water levels within the rule curve force operational drops and rises that adversely affect littoral spawners. In developing water management plans, regulatory agencies should consider incorporating managed randomness into rule curves. ?? 2007 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1770.2007.00327.x","issn":"13205331","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L., and Lowery, D., 2007, Juvenile densities relative to water regime in mainstem reservoirs of the Tennessee River, USA: Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management, v. 12, no. 2, p. 87-96, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1770.2007.00327.x.","startPage":"87","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212725,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1770.2007.00327.x"},{"id":240254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4036e4b0c8380cd64b9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, L.E.","contributorId":58406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowery, D.R.","contributorId":39586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowery","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029989,"text":"70029989 - 2007 - Holocene evolution of the merrimack embayment, northern massachusetts, interperted from shallow seismic stratigraphy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029989","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Holocene evolution of the merrimack embayment, northern massachusetts, interperted from shallow seismic stratigraphy","docAbstract":"Recent multi-beam, backscatter, and bottom sediment data demonstrate that a large sand sheet was formed in the inner shelf by the reworking of the Merrimack River lowstand delta and braid plain (12 kya) during the Holocene transgression. Seismic data reveal the presence of widespread channel cut-and-fill structures landward of the delta suggesting that much of the sand sheet consists of braided stream deposits. These features map into several sets of cut-and-fill structures, indicating the avulsion of the primary river channels, which creates the lobes of the paleo-delta. Truncations of these, cut-and-fill structures suggest that the braid plain deposits were probably reworked during the Holocene transgression and may have contributed sand to developing barriers that presently border the Merrimack Embayment.","largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","conferenceTitle":"6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","conferenceDate":"13 May 2007 through 17 May 2007","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40926(239)65","isbn":"0784409269; 9780784409268","usgsCitation":"Hein, C., FitzGerald, D.M., and Barnhardt, W., 2007, Holocene evolution of the merrimack embayment, northern massachusetts, interperted from shallow seismic stratigraphy, <i>in</i> Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes, New Orleans, LA, 13 May 2007 through 17 May 2007, https://doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)65.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213011,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)65"},{"id":240591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31e3e4b0c8380cd5e307","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, C.J.","contributorId":105537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"FitzGerald, D. M.","contributorId":55038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"FitzGerald","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnhardt, W. A.","contributorId":86449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhardt","given":"W. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029988,"text":"70029988 - 2007 - Habitat partitioning of four sympatric thrush species at three spatial scales on a managed forest in West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T13:05:56","indexId":"70029988","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat partitioning of four sympatric thrush species at three spatial scales on a managed forest in West Virginia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Four thrush species are sympatric in the central Appalachians: Veery (</span><i>Catharus fuscescens</i><span>), Hermit Thrush (</span><i>C. guttatus</i><span>), Wood Thrush (</span><i>Hylocichla mustelina</i><span>), and American Robin (</span><i>Turdus migratorius</i><span>). The four species often nest near one another, which suggests that habitat partitioning may have developed to minimize past interspecific competition. Our objectives were to determine which specific characteristics of nesting habitat were partitioned among the species and to evaluate the relationship of these characteristics to nest survival. We monitored nests and sampled habitat variables at three spatial scales: nest substrate, nest site, and territory. A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a difference (</span><i>P</i><span> &lt; 0.01) in the nest sites of all species and in each pairwise species contrast. An analysis of variance and Fisher’s exact tests detected differences (</span><i>P</i><span> &lt; 0.05) among species in 21 of 36 variables measured. Classification tree analysis correctly classified nests by species at a rate better than would be expected at random. Habitat partitioning among the four thrush species occurred at all three scales sampled, with the most important partitioning variables being nest height, distance-to-edge, sapling density, and elevation. Mayfield logistic regression found a positive relationship (</span><i>P</i><span> &lt; 0.05) between decreasing nest height and American Robin nest survival. Overall, nest survival was similar among the four thrush species examined, and most of the variables that we measured were unrelated to survival.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[1425:HPOFST]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Dellinger, R., Wood, P., Keyser, P., and Seidel, G., 2007, Habitat partitioning of four sympatric thrush species at three spatial scales on a managed forest in West Virginia: The Auk, v. 124, no. 4, p. 1425-1438, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[1425:HPOFST]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1425","endPage":"1438","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f18e4b0c8380cd5caa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dellinger, R.L.","contributorId":21766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dellinger","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, P.B. 0000-0002-8575-1705","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-1705","contributorId":103992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keyser, P.D.","contributorId":20857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keyser","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seidel, G.","contributorId":100199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seidel","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029987,"text":"70029987 - 2007 - Hydrodynamics of coalbed methane reservoirs in the Black Warrior Basin: Key to understanding reservoir performance and environmental issues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029987","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrodynamics of coalbed methane reservoirs in the Black Warrior Basin: Key to understanding reservoir performance and environmental issues","docAbstract":"The Black Warrior Basin of the southeastern United States hosts one of the world's most prolific and long-lived coalbed methane plays, and the wealth of experience in this basin provides insight into the relationships among basin hydrology, production performance, and environmental issues. Along the southeast margin of the basin, meteoric recharge of reservoir coal beds exposed in an upturned fold limb exerts a strong control on water chemistry, reservoir pressure, and production performance. Fresh-water plumes containing Na-HCO3 waters with low TDS content extend from the structurally upturned basin margin into the interior of the basin. Northwest of the plumes, coal beds contain Na-Cl waters with moderate to high-TDS content. Carbon isotope data from produced gas and mineral cements suggest that the fresh-water plumes have been the site of significant bacterial activity and that the coalbed methane reservoirs contain a mixture of thermogenic and late-stage biogenic gases. Water produced from the fresh-water plumes may be disposed safely at the surface, whereas underground injection has been used locally to dispose of highly saline water. Wells in areas that had normal hydrostatic reservoir pressure prior to development tend to produce large volumes of water and may take up to 4 a to reach peak gas production. In contrast, wells drilled in naturally underpressured areas distal to the fresh-water plumes typically produce little water and achieve peak gas rates during the first year of production. Environmental debate has focused largely on issues associated with hydrologic communication between deep reservoir coal beds and shallow aquifers. In the coalbed methane fields of the Black Warrior Basin, a broad range of geologic evidence suggests that flow is effectively confined within coal and that the thick intervals of marine shale separating coal zones limit cross-formational flow. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.009","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Pashin, J., 2007, Hydrodynamics of coalbed methane reservoirs in the Black Warrior Basin: Key to understanding reservoir performance and environmental issues: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 10, p. 2257-2272, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.009.","startPage":"2257","endPage":"2272","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212985,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.009"},{"id":240561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3340e4b0c8380cd5ee6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pashin, J.C.","contributorId":41897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pashin","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70029986,"text":"70029986 - 2007 - Late Quaternary alluviation and offset along the eastern Big Pine fault, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029986","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary alluviation and offset along the eastern Big Pine fault, southern California","docAbstract":"Determining late Quaternary offset rates on specific faults within active mountain belts is not only a key component of seismic hazard analysis, but sheds light on regional tectonic development over geologic timescales. Here we report an estimate of dip-slip rate on the eastern Big Pine oblique-reverse fault in the upper Cuyama Valley within the western Transverse Ranges of southern California, and its relation to local landscape development. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of sandy beds within coarse-grained alluvial deposits indicates that deposition of alluvium shed from the Pine Mountain massif occurred near the southern margin of the Cuyama structural basin at the elevation of the Cuyama River between 25 and 14??ka. This alluvial deposit has been offset ??? 10??m vertically by the eastern Big Pine fault, providing a latest Quaternary dip-slip rate estimate of ??? 0.9??m/ky based on a 50?? fault dip. Incision of the adjacent Cuyama River has exposed a section of older Cuyama River sediments beneath the Pine Mountain alluvium that accumulated between 45 and 30??ka on the down-thrown footwall block of the eastern Big Pine fault. Corroborative evidence for Holocene reverse-slip on the eastern Big Pine fault is ??? 1??m of incised bedrock that is characteristically exposed beneath 2-3.5??ka fill terraces in tributaries south of the fault. The eastern Big Pine fault in the Cuyama Valley area has no confirmed record of historic rupture; however, based on our results, we suggest the likelihood of multiple reverse-slip rupture events since 14??ka. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.01.018","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"DeLong, S., Minor, S., and Arnold, L., 2007, Late Quaternary alluviation and offset along the eastern Big Pine fault, southern California: Geomorphology, v. 90, no. 1-2, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.01.018.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212984,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.01.018"},{"id":240560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4523e4b0c8380cd67079","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeLong, S.B.","contributorId":29646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLong","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minor, S.A.","contributorId":65047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arnold, L.J.","contributorId":99381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029984,"text":"70029984 - 2007 - Feasibility of detecting near-surface feature with Rayleigh-wave diffraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T13:35:01","indexId":"70029984","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2165,"text":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feasibility of detecting near-surface feature with Rayleigh-wave diffraction","docAbstract":"Detection of near-surfaces features such as voids and faults is challenging due to the complexity of near-surface materials and the limited resolution of geophysical methods. Although multichannel, high-frequency, surface-wave techniques can provide reliable shear (S)-wave velocities in different geological settings, they are not suitable for detecting voids directly based on anomalies of the S-wave velocity because of limitations on the resolution of S-wave velocity profiles inverted from surface-wave phase velocities. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of directly detecting near-surfaces features with surface-wave diffractions. Based on the properties of surface waves, we have derived a Rayleigh-wave diffraction traveltime equation. We also have solved the equation for the depth to the top of a void and an average velocity of Rayleigh waves. Using these equations, the depth to the top of a void/fault can be determined based on traveltime data from a diffraction curve. In practice, only two diffraction times are necessary to define the depth to the top of a void/fault and the average Rayleigh-wave velocity that generates the diffraction curve. We used four two-dimensional square voids to demonstrate the feasibility of detecting a void with Rayleigh-wave diffractions: a 2??m by 2??m with a depth to the top of the void of 2??m, 4??m by 4??m with a depth to the top of the void of 7??m, and 6??m by 6??m with depths to the top of the void 12??m and 17??m. We also modeled surface waves due to a vertical fault. Rayleigh-wave diffractions were recognizable for all these models after FK filtering was applied to the synthetic data. The Rayleigh-wave diffraction traveltime equation was verified by the modeled data. Modeling results suggested that FK filtering is critical to enhance diffracted surface waves. A real-world example is presented to show how to utilize the derived equation of surface-wave diffractions. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.002","issn":"09269851","usgsCitation":"Xia, J., Nyquist, J.E., Xu, Y., Roth, M., and Miller, R., 2007, Feasibility of detecting near-surface feature with Rayleigh-wave diffraction: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 62, no. 3, p. 244-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.002.","startPage":"244","endPage":"253","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212958,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.002"}],"volume":"62","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f39e4b0c8380cd53816","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nyquist, Jonathan E.","contributorId":101801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nyquist","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":34225,"text":"Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roth, M.J.S.","contributorId":71003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"M.J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029983,"text":"70029983 - 2007 - Thermal structure of oceanic transform faults","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-28T12:01:32.209149","indexId":"70029983","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal structure of oceanic transform faults","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15645253\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>We use three-dimensional finite element simulations to investigate the temperature structure beneath oceanic transform faults. We show that using a rheology that incorporates brittle weakening of the lithosphere generates a region of enhanced mantle upwelling and elevated temperatures along the transform; the warmest temperatures and thinnest lithosphere are predicted to be near the center of the transform. Previous studies predicted that the mantle beneath oceanic transform faults is anomalously cold relative to adjacent intraplate regions, with the thickest lithosphere located at the center of the transform. These earlier studies used simplified rheologic laws to simulate the behavior of the lithosphere and underlying asthenosphere. We show that the warmer thermal structure predicted by our calculations is directly attributed to the inclusion of a more realistic brittle rheology. This temperature structure is consistent with a wide range of observations from ridge-transform environments, including the depth of seismicity, geochemical anomalies along adjacent ridge segments, and the tendency for long transforms to break into small intratransform spreading centers during changes in plate motion.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G23112A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Behn, M., Boettcher, M., and Hirth, G., 2007, Thermal structure of oceanic transform faults: Geology, v. 35, no. 4, p. 307-310, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23112A.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477055,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/g23112a.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240498,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb25ee4b08c986b325773","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behn, M.D.","contributorId":11006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behn","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boettcher, M.S.","contributorId":58847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hirth, G.","contributorId":88957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirth","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029974,"text":"70029974 - 2007 - Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029974","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2597,"text":"Land Degradation and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index","docAbstract":"Mechanized maneuver training impacts the landscape by creating depressions, compacting soils, producing bare ground areas, transporting seeds of invasive plants, and crushing vegetation. We measured 3 physical, 13 chemical, and 2 biological soil properties and used a disturbance index (DI) based on perceptions of soil conditions on a military installation to assess the condition of 100 ?? 100 m plots (1 ha): 10 in 2002 and 10 in 2004. Potential DI scores range from 0 (no appreciable evidence of disturbance) to 1 (>95 per cent of the plot disturbed). Bulk density, porosity (%), and water content (%) - all at 5-1-10-0cm depth, and nematode family richness (NFR) were significantly, negatively correlated (Spearman coefficients, rs) with the DI of both years. The strong negative correlation (rs., = -0.69 in 2002, -0.79 in 2004) of NFR with the DI appears to reflect the status of nematode diversity and, therefore, may serve as a useful, inexpensive approach to rapidly assessing grasslands subjected to mechanized military training. Copyright ?? 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Land Degradation and Development","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/ldr.773","issn":"10853278","usgsCitation":"Althoff, D.P., Althoff, P., Lambrecht, N., Gipson, P.S., Pontius, J., and Woodford, P., 2007, Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index: Land Degradation and Development, v. 18, no. 3, p. 269-288, https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.773.","startPage":"269","endPage":"288","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212816,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.773"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9214e4b08c986b319cae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Althoff, Donald P.","contributorId":20980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Althoff","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Althoff, P.S.","contributorId":100614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Althoff","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lambrecht, N.D.","contributorId":33127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambrecht","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gipson, P. S.","contributorId":70136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gipson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pontius, J.S.","contributorId":69523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pontius","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Woodford, P.B.","contributorId":24996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodford","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}