Identification of a fuel released into the environment can be difficult due to biodegradation or weathering. Negative electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry was used to screen for unique polar components in a wide variety of commercial hydrocarbon products and mixtures. These fuels produced unique and relatively simple spectra. When applied to hydrocarbon samples from a large, long-term fuel spill in a relatively cool climate in which the alkane, isoprenoid, and alkylcyclohexane portions had begun to biodegrade or weather, the polar components in these samples had changed little over time. This technique provided rapid fuel identification on hydrocarbons released into the environment, without sample preparation, fractionation, or chromatography.
","largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Forensics","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15275920601180677","issn":"15275922","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C.E., and Hostettler, F.D., 2007, Profiling refined hydrocarbon fuels using polar components: Environmental Forensics, v. 8, no. 1-2, p. 129-137, https://doi.org/10.1080/15275920601180677.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"129","endPage":"137","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215009,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15275920601180677"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8e18e4b0c8380cd7efec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":435029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":435030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010290,"text":"70010290 - 2007 - Microcystin distribution in physical size class separations of natural plankton communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-07T16:21:36.952484","indexId":"70010290","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microcystin distribution in physical size class separations of natural plankton communities","docAbstract":"Phytoplankton communities in 30 northern Missouri and Iowa lakes were physically separated into 5 size classes (>100 µm, 53-100 µm, 35-53 µm, 10-35 µm, 1-10 µm) during 15-21 August 2004 to determine the distribution of microcystin (MC) in size fractionated lake samples and assess how net collections influence estimates of MC concentration. MC was detected in whole water (total) from 83% of lakes sampled, and total MC values ranged from 0.1-7.0 µg/L (mean = 0.8 µg/L). On average, MC in the >100 µm size class comprised ~40% of total MC, while other individual size classes contributed 9-20% to total MC. MC values decreased with size class and were significantly greater in the >100 µm size class (mean = 0.5 µg/L) than the 35-53 µm (mean = 0.1 µg/L), 10-35 µm (mean = 0.0µg/L), and 1-10 µm (mean = 0.0 µg/L) size classes (p < 0.01). MC values in nets with 100-µm, 53-µm, 35-µm, and 10-µm mesh were cumulatively summed to simulate the potential bias of measuring MC with various size plankton nets. On average, a 100-µm net underestimated total MC by 51%, compared to 37% for a 53-µm net, 28% for a 35-µm net, and 17% for a 10-µm net. While plankton nets consistently underestimated total MC, concentration of algae with net sieves allowed detection of MC at low levels (≤0.01 µg/L); 93% of lakes had detectable levels of MC in concentrated samples. Thus, small mesh plankton nets are an option for documenting MC occurrence, but whole
water samples should be collected to characterize total MC concentrations.
We combined radiotelemetry, plasma metabolite analyses, and macro-invertebrate prey sampling to investigate variation in putative fattening rates (estimated as plasma triglyceride levels) at the flyway scale in Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) migrating between Punta Banda, Mexico (31°N), and Hartney Bay, Alaska (60°N), a distance of 4,240 km. Birds were caught at a wintering site (San Francisco Bay) and eight stopover sites along this Pacific Flyway. Body mass was higher in females than in males at six sites, but variation was not correlated with latitude for either sex, and the relationship of change in mass by date within sites was uninformative with regard to possible latitudinal variation in fattening rates. At San Francisco Bay, triglyceride levels were higher in the spring than in the winter. Mean plasma triglyceride varied among stopover sites, and there was a significant linear trend of increasing triglyceride levels with latitude as birds migrated north. At San Francisco Bay, length of stay was negatively related to triglyceride levels. However, plasma triglyceride levels at wintering or initial stopover sites (San Francisco and Punta Banda) did not predict individual variation in subsequent rates of travel during migration. We found no significant relationship between triglyceride levels and prey biomass at different stopover sites, which suggests that the latitudinal pattern is not explained by latitudinal changes in food availability. Rather, we suggest that differences in physiology of migratory birds at southern versus northern stopover sites or behavioral differences may allow birds to sustain higher fattening rates closer to the breeding grounds.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[886:FVIPTL]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Williams, T., Warnock, N., Takekawa, J.Y., and Bishop, M., 2007, Flyway-scale variation in plasma triglyceride levels as an index of refueling rate in spring-migrating western sandpipers (Calidris mauri): The Auk, v. 124, no. 3, p. 886-897, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[886:FVIPTL]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"886","endPage":"897","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12aae4b0c8380cd543c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, T.D.","contributorId":53968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":424966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warnock, N.","contributorId":80615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warnock","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":424967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bishop, M.A.","contributorId":95426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031180,"text":"70031180 - 2007 - Ore controls in the Charters Towers goldfield, NE Australia: Constraints from geological, geophysical and numerical analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031180","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2954,"text":"Ore Geology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ore controls in the Charters Towers goldfield, NE Australia: Constraints from geological, geophysical and numerical analyses","docAbstract":"The approach taken in this paper, namely synthesising a wealth of previous information with new data and a genetic model, in combination with integrated numerical analyses, led to new insights into the geological controls on the localisation of auriferous veins and residual prospectivity of the Charters Towers goldfield, NE Australia. The method also has implications for the assessment of other \"mature\" goldfields worldwide. Despite a number of different ore controls having operated within the Charters Towers goldfield, the controlling factors can be linked to a single genetic model for orogenic, granitoid-hosted lode-gold mineralisation in a brittle deformation regime (D4) of NE-SW to NNE-SSW shortening, under conditions of supralithostatic fluid pressure and low stress difference. Spatial autocorrelation results suggest district-scale alignment of the auriferous veins parallel to and overlapping with the ESE-WNW- to E-W-striking Charters Towers-Ravenswood lineament, a major crustal boundary in the basement to the Ravenswood batholith. At the camp-scale, auriferous veins have abundance and proximity relationships with NW-SE-, NNW-SSE-, NE-SW- and ENE-WSW-oriented lineaments, suggesting that structures that controlled gold deposition in one camp did not necessarily control mineralisation in other camps. Fractal dimensions obtained with the box-counting method range from 1.02 to 1.10, whereas veins in the Charters Towers City camp are characterised by a significantly higher fractal dimension of 1.28. This discrepancy may be taken to imply that most or all outcropping and near-surface deposits within the Charters Towers City camp have been found and that new discoveries are more likely to occur at greater levels of depth, or outside the boundaries of this camp. The new understanding has implications for the assessment of the residual prospectivity of the Charters Towers goldfield, where large areas of prospective rock types and structures (e.g., approximately 40% of the Charters Towers-Ravenswood lineament) are hidden under cover. This parameter space was inaccessible to the historic prospectors and has received relatively little attention from recent explorers. The following steps are suggested for the development of a targeting strategy for lode-gold exploration in areas of the goldfield under cover: (1) identify from geological and geophysical data the ENE-WSW (?? 15??) and NNW-SSE (?? 15??) striking structures and geological boundaries within a 20-km-wide corridor parallel to and centred upon the Charters Towers-Ravenswood lineament, the potential control on gold deposit distribution at the regional- to district-scale, (2) interpret from geological and geophysical data the distribution of pre-Middle Devonian granitoids within these areas that are the preferred host rocks of the payable gold deposits, (3) deduce from geophysical data the ENE-WSW (?? 15??) and NNW-SSE (?? 15??) striking structures that cut or bound the intrusions identified in step 2, (4) locate segments along the structures identified in step 3 that deviate most from the geometry of a straight line (e.g., potential bends or splays) and/or intersect other structures or geological contacts, or both, and (5) define and rank potential targets within the prospective areas identified in step 4 and systematically test the best ones. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ore Geology Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2006.12.001","issn":"01691368","usgsCitation":"Kreuzer, O., Blenkinsop, T., Morrison, R., and Peters, S.G., 2007, Ore controls in the Charters Towers goldfield, NE Australia: Constraints from geological, geophysical and numerical analyses: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 32, no. 1-2, p. 37-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2006.12.001.","startPage":"37","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211517,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2006.12.001"},{"id":238817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6f66e4b0c8380cd75a90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kreuzer, O.P.","contributorId":18576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreuzer","given":"O.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blenkinsop, T.G.","contributorId":69359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blenkinsop","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morrison, R.J.","contributorId":64885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peters, S. G.","contributorId":48198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031872,"text":"70031872 - 2007 - Effects of wastewater disinfection on waterborne bacteria and viruses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T14:49:49","indexId":"70031872","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3711,"text":"Water Environment Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of wastewater disinfection on waterborne bacteria and viruses","docAbstract":"Wastewater disinfection is practiced with the goal of reducing risks of human exposure to pathogenic microorganisms. In most circumstances, the efficacy of a wastewater disinfection process is regulated and monitored based on measurements of the responses of indicator bacteria. However, inactivation of indicator bacteria does not guarantee an acceptable degree of inactivation among other waterborne microorganisms (e.g., microbial pathogens).
\nUndisinfected effluent samples from several municipal wastewater treatment facilities were collected for analysis. Facilities were selected to provide a broad spectrum of effluent quality, particularly as related to nitrogenous compounds. Samples were subjected to bench-scale chlorination and dechlorination and UV irradiation under conditions that allowed compliance with relevant discharge regulations and such that disinfectant exposures could be accurately quantified. Disinfected samples were subjected to a battery of assays to assess the immediate and long-term effects of wastewater disinfection on waterborne bacteria and viruses.
\nIn general, (viable) bacterial populations showed an immediate decline as a result of disinfectant exposure; however, incubation of disinfected samples under conditions that were designed to mimic the conditions in a receiving stream resulted in substantial recovery of the total bacterial community. The bacterial groups that are commonly used as indicators do not provide an accurate representation of the response of the bacterial community to disinfectant exposure and subsequent recovery in the environment. UV irradiation and chlorination/dechlorination both accomplished measurable inactivation of indigenous phage; however, the extent of inactivation was fairly modest under the conditions of disinfection used in this study. UV irradiation was consistently more effective as a virucide than chlorination/dechlorination under the conditions of application, based on measurements of virus (phage) diversity and concentration.
\nTaken together, and when considered in conjunction with previously published research, the results of these experiments illustrate several important limitations of common disinfection processes as applied in the treatment of municipal wastewaters. In general, it is not clear that conventional disinfection processes, as commonly implemented, are effective for control of the risks of disease transmission, particularly those associated with viral pathogens. Microbial quality in receiving streams may not be substantially improved by the application of these disinfection processes; under some circumstances, an argument can be made that disinfection may actually yield a decrease in effluent and receiving water quality. Decisions regarding the need for effluent disinfection must account for site-specific characteristics, but it is not clear that disinfection of municipal wastewater effluents is necessary or beneficial for all facilities. When direct human contact or ingestion of municipal wastewater effluents is likely, disinfection may be necessary. Under these circumstances, UV irradiation appears to be superior to chlorination in terms of microbial quality and chemistry and toxicology. This advantage is particularly evident in effluents that contain appreciable quantities of ammonia-nitrogen or organic nitrogen.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Environment Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Water Environment Federation","doi":"10.2175/106143006X102024","issn":"10614303","usgsCitation":"Blatchley, E.R., Gong, W., Alleman, J., Rose, J., Huffman, D., Otaki, M., and Lisle, J., 2007, Effects of wastewater disinfection on waterborne bacteria and viruses: Water Environment Research, v. 79, no. 1, p. 81-92, https://doi.org/10.2175/106143006X102024.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215079,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143006X102024"},{"id":242851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0834e4b0c8380cd51a07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blatchley, E. R. III","contributorId":77759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blatchley","given":"E.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gong, W.-L.","contributorId":62424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gong","given":"W.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alleman, J.E.","contributorId":103824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alleman","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rose, J.B.","contributorId":60825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huffman, D.E.","contributorId":34309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Otaki, M.","contributorId":14212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otaki","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lisle, J.T. 0000-0002-5447-2092","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":16965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030162,"text":"70030162 - 2007 - A land-cover map for South and Southeast Asia derived from SPOT-VEGETATION data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T16:17:47","indexId":"70030162","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A land-cover map for South and Southeast Asia derived from SPOT-VEGETATION data","docAbstract":"Aim Our aim was to produce a uniform ‘regional’ land-cover map of South and Southeast Asia based on ‘sub-regional’ mapping results generated in the context of the Global Land Cover 2000 project.
Location The ‘region’ of tropical and sub-tropical South and Southeast Asia stretches from the Himalayas and the southern border of China in the north, to Sri Lanka and Indonesia in the south, and from Pakistan in the west to the islands of New Guinea in the far east.
Methods The regional land-cover map is based on sub-regional digital mapping results derived from SPOT-VEGETATION satellite data for the years 1998–2000. Image processing, digital classification and thematic mapping were performed separately for the three sub-regions of South Asia, continental Southeast Asia, and insular Southeast Asia. Landsat TM images, field data and existing national maps served as references. We used the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) for coding the sub-regional land-cover classes and for aggregating the latter to a uniform regional legend. A validation was performed based on a systematic grid of sample points, referring to visual interpretation from high-resolution Landsat imagery. Regional land-cover area estimates were obtained and compared with FAO statistics for the categories ‘forest’ and ‘cropland’.
Results The regional map displays 26 land-cover classes. The LCCS coding provided a standardized class description, independent from local class names; it also allowed us to maintain the link to the detailed sub-regional land-cover classes. The validation of the map displayed a mapping accuracy of 72% for the dominant classes of ‘forest’ and ‘cropland’; regional area estimates for these classes correspond reasonably well to existing regional statistics.
Main conclusions The land-cover map of South and Southeast Asia provides a synoptic view of the distribution of land cover of tropical and sub-tropical Asia, and it delivers reasonable thematic detail and quantitative estimates of the main land-cover proportions. The map may therefore serve for regional stratification or modelling of vegetation cover, but could also support the implementation of forest policies, watershed management or conservation strategies at regional scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01637.x","issn":"03050270","usgsCitation":"Stibig, H., Belward, A., Roy, P., Rosalina-Wasrin, U., Agrawal, S., Joshi, P., Hildanus, Beuchle, R., Fritz, S., Mubareka, S., and Giri, S., 2007, A land-cover map for South and Southeast Asia derived from SPOT-VEGETATION data: Journal of Biogeography, v. 34, no. 4, p. 625-637, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01637.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"625","endPage":"637","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212673,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01637.x"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e430e4b0c8380cd4649c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stibig, H.-J.","contributorId":14198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stibig","given":"H.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belward, A.S.","contributorId":6197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belward","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roy, P.S.","contributorId":87369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosalina-Wasrin, U.","contributorId":39199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosalina-Wasrin","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Agrawal, S.","contributorId":30448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agrawal","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Joshi, P.K.","contributorId":78553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joshi","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hildanus","contributorId":128026,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Hildanus","id":535157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Beuchle, R.","contributorId":39584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beuchle","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fritz, S.","contributorId":91221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritz","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mubareka, S.","contributorId":7912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mubareka","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Giri, S.","contributorId":102621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70031420,"text":"70031420 - 2007 - Ecosystem N distribution and δ15N during a century of forest regrowth after agricultural abandonment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T13:33:51","indexId":"70031420","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecosystem N distribution and δ15N during a century of forest regrowth after agricultural abandonment","docAbstract":"Stable isotope ratios of terrestrial ecosystem nitrogen (N) pools reflect internal processes and input–output balances. Disturbance generally increases N cycling and loss, yet few studies have examined ecosystem δ15N over a disturbance-recovery sequence. We used a chronosequence approach to examine N distribution and δ15N during forest regrowth after agricultural abandonment. Site ages ranged from 10 to 115 years, with similar soils, climate, land-use history, and overstory vegetation (white pine Pinus strobus). Foliar N and δ15N decreased as stands aged, consistent with a progressive tightening of the N cycle during forest regrowth on agricultural lands. Over time, foliar δ15N became more negative, indicating increased fractionation along the mineralization–mycorrhizal–plant uptake pathway. Total ecosystem N was constant across the chronosequence, but substantial internal N redistribution occurred from the mineral soil to plants and litter over 115 years (>25% of ecosystem N or 1,610 kg ha−1). Temporal trends in soil δ15N generally reflected a redistribution of depleted N from the mineral soil to the developing O horizon. Although plants and soil δ15N are coupled over millennial time scales of ecosystem development, our observed divergence between plants and soil suggests that they can be uncoupled during the disturbance-regrowth sequence. The approximate 2‰ decrease in ecosystem δ15N over the century scale suggests significant incorporation of atmospheric N, which was not detected by traditional ecosystem N accounting. Consideration of temporal trends and disturbance legacies can improve our understanding of the influence of broader factors such as climate or N deposition on ecosystem N balances and δ15N.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-007-9087-y","issn":"14329840","usgsCitation":"Compton, J., Hooker, T., and Perakis, S., 2007, Ecosystem N distribution and δ15N during a century of forest regrowth after agricultural abandonment: Ecosystems, v. 10, no. 7, p. 1197-1208, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-007-9087-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1197","endPage":"1208","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212562,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-007-9087-y"},{"id":240064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0599e4b0c8380cd50e75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Compton, J.E.","contributorId":57430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Compton","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooker, T.D.","contributorId":73411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooker","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perakis, S.S.","contributorId":82039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031661,"text":"70031661 - 2007 - Chronology and tectonic controls of late tertiary deposition in the southwestern Tian Shan foreland, NW China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031661","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":972,"text":"Basin Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronology and tectonic controls of late tertiary deposition in the southwestern Tian Shan foreland, NW China","docAbstract":"Magnetostratigraphy from the Kashi foreland basin along the southern margin of the Tian Shan in Western China defines the chronology of both sedimentation and the structural evolution of this collisional mountain belt. Eleven magnetostratigraphic sections representing ???13 km of basin strata provide a two- and three-dimensional record of continuous deposition since ???18 Ma. The distinctive Xiyu conglomerate makes up the uppermost strata in eight of 11 magnetostratigraphic sections within the foreland and forms a wedge that thins southward. The basal age of the conglomerate varies from 15.5??0.5 Ma at the northernmost part of the foreland, to 8.6??0.1 Ma in the central (medial) part of the foreland and to 1.9??0.2, ???1.04 and 0.7??0.1 Ma along the southern deformation front of the foreland basin. These data indicate the Xiyu conglomerate is highly time-transgressive and has prograded south since just after the initial uplift of the Kashi Basin Thrust (KBT) at 18.9??3.3 Ma. Southward progradation occurred at an average rate of ???3 mm year -1 between 15.5 and 2 Ma, before accelerating to ???10 mm year-1. Abrupt changes in sediment-accumulation rates are observed at 16.3 and 13.5 Ma in the northern part of the foreland and are interpreted to correspond to southward stepping deformation. A subtle decrease in the sedimentation rate above the Keketamu anticline is determined at ???4.0 Ma and was synchronous with an increase in sedimentation rate further south above the Atushi Anticline. Magnetostratigraphy also dates growth strata at <4.0, 1.4??0.1 and 1.4??0.2 Ma on the southern flanks the Keketamu, Atushi and Kashi anticlines, respectively. Together, sedimentation rate changes and growth strata indicate stepped migration of deformation into the Kashi foreland at least at 16.3, 13.5, 4.0 and 1.4 Ma. Progressive reconstruction of a seismically controlled cross-section through the foreland produces total shortening of 13-21 km and migration of the deformation front at 2.1-3.4 mm year-1 between 19 and 13.5 Ma, 1.4-1.6mm year-1 between 13.5 and 4.0 Ma and 10 mm year-1 since 4.0 Ma. Migration of deformation into the foreland generally causes (1) uplift and reworking of basin-capping conglomerate, (2) a local decrease of accommodation space above any active structure where uplift occurs, and hence a decrease in sedimentation rate and (3) an increase in accumulation on the margins of the structure due to increased subsidence and/or ponding of sediment behind the growing folds. Since 5-6 Ma, increased sediment-accumulation (???0.8 mm year-1) and gravel progradation (???10 mm year-1) rates appear linked to higher deformation rates on the Keketamu, Atushi and Kashi anticlines and increased subsidence due to loading from both the Tian Shan and Pamir ranges, and possibly a change in climate causing accelerated erosion. Whereas the rapid (???10 mm year-1) progradation of the Xiyu conglomerate after 4.0 Ma may be promoted by global climate change, its overall progradation since 15.5 Ma is due to the progressive encroachment of deformation into the foreland. ?? 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Basin Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2117.2007.00339.x","issn":"0950091X","usgsCitation":"Heermance, R., Chen, J., Burbank, D., and Wang, C., 2007, Chronology and tectonic controls of late tertiary deposition in the southwestern Tian Shan foreland, NW China: Basin Research, v. 19, no. 4, p. 599-632, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2007.00339.x.","startPage":"599","endPage":"632","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476997,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2007.00339.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212511,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2007.00339.x"},{"id":240005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5f5e4b0c8380cd4c4f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heermance, R.V.","contributorId":31982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heermance","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, J.","contributorId":104634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burbank, D.W.","contributorId":23328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burbank","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, C.","contributorId":50689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032021,"text":"70032021 - 2007 - Relative abundance, site fidelity, and survival of adult lake trout in Lake Michigan from 1999 to 2001: Implications for future restoration strategies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-02T10:22:39","indexId":"70032021","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative abundance, site fidelity, and survival of adult lake trout in Lake Michigan from 1999 to 2001: Implications for future restoration strategies","docAbstract":"We compared the relative abundance of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush spawners in gill nets during fall 1999–2001 in Lake Michigan at 19 stocked spawning sites with that at 25 unstocked sites to evaluate how effective site-specific stocking was in recolonizing historically important spawning reefs. The abundance of adult fish was higher at stocked onshore and offshore sites than at unstocked sites. This suggests that site-specific stocking is more effective at establishing spawning aggregations than relying on the ability of hatchery-reared lake trout to find spawning reefs, especially those offshore. Spawner densities were generally too low and too young at most sites to expect significant natural reproduction. However, densities were sufficiently high at some sites for reproduction to occur and therefore the lack of recruitment was attributable to other factors. Less than 3% of all spawners could have been wild fish, which indicates that little natural reproduction occurred in past years. Wounding by sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus was generally lower for Seneca Lake strain fish and highest for strains from Lake Superior. Fish captured at offshore sites in southern Lake Michigan had the lowest probability of wounding, while fish at onshore sites in northern Lake Michigan had the highest probability. The relative survival of the Seneca Lake strain was higher than that of the Lewis Lake or the Marquette strains for the older year-classes examined. Survival differences among strains were less evident for younger year-classes. Recaptures of coded-wire-tagged fish of five strains indicated that most fish returned to their stocking site or to a nearby site and that dispersal from stocking sites during spawning was about 100 km. Restoration strategies should rely on site-specific stocking of lake trout strains with good survival at selected historically important offshore spawning sites to increase egg deposition and the probability of natural reproduction in Lake Michigan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M05-214.2","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Bronte, C., Holey, M., Madenjian, C., Jonas, J., Claramunt, R., McKee, P., Toneys, M., Ebener, M., Breidert, B., Fleischer, G., Hess, R., Martell, A., and Olsen, E., 2007, Relative abundance, site fidelity, and survival of adult lake trout in Lake Michigan from 1999 to 2001: Implications for future restoration strategies: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 1, p. 137-155, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-214.2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"155","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214779,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-214.2"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa671e4b0c8380cd84e61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bronte, C.R.","contributorId":20100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holey, M.E.","contributorId":68957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holey","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jonas, J.L.","contributorId":44370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonas","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Claramunt, R.M.","contributorId":38760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claramunt","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McKee, P.C.","contributorId":51557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Toneys, M.L.","contributorId":68127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toneys","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ebener, M.P.","contributorId":93422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebener","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Breidert, B.","contributorId":28816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breidert","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fleischer, G.W.","contributorId":33281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hess, R.","contributorId":20562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Martell, A.W.","contributorId":7517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martell","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Olsen, E.J.","contributorId":34341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70031106,"text":"70031106 - 2007 - Regional uplift associated with continental large igneous provinces: The roles of mantle plumes and the lithosphere","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031106","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional uplift associated with continental large igneous provinces: The roles of mantle plumes and the lithosphere","docAbstract":"The timing and duration of surface uplift associated with large igneous provinces provide important constraints on mantle convection processes. Here we review geological indicators of surface uplift associated with five continent-based magmatic provinces: Emeishan Traps (260??million years ago: Ma), Siberian Traps (251??Ma), Deccan Traps (65??Ma), North Atlantic (Phase 1, 61??Ma and Phase 2, 55??Ma), and Yellowstone (16??Ma to recent). All five magmatic provinces were associated with surface uplift. Surface uplift can be measured directly from sedimentary indicators of sea-level in the North Atlantic and from geomorpholocial indicators of relative uplift and tilting in Yellowstone. In the other provinces, surface uplift is inferred from the record of erosion. In the Deccan, North Atlantic and Emeishan provinces, transient uplift that results from variations in thermal structure of the lithosphere and underlying mantle can be distinguished from permanent uplift that results from the extraction and emplacement of magma. Transient surface uplift is more useful in constraining mantle convection since models of melt generation and emplacement are not required for its interpretation. Observations of the spatial and temporal relationships between surface uplift, rifting and magmatism are also important in constraining models of LIP formation. Onset of surface uplift preceded magmatism in all five of the provinces. Biostratigraphic constraints on timing of uplift and erosion are best for the North Atlantic and Emeishan Provinces, where the time interval between significant uplift and first magmatism is less than 1??million years and 2.5??million years respectively. Rifting post-dates the earliest magmatism in the case of the North Atlantic Phase 1 and possibly in the case of Siberia. The relative age of onset of offshore rifting is not well constrained for the Deccan and the importance of rifting in controlling magmatism is disputed in the Emeishan and Yellowstone Provinces. In these examples, rifting is not a requirement for onset of LIP magmatism but melting rates are significantly increased when rifting occurs. Models that attempt to explain emplacement of these five LIPs without hot mantle supplied by mantle plumes often have difficulties in explaining the observations of surface uplift, rifting and magmatism. For example, small-scale convection related to craton or rift boundaries (edge-driven convection) cannot easily explain widespread (1000??km scale) transient surface uplift (Emeishan, Deccan, North Atlantic), and upper mantle convection initiated by differential incubation beneath cratons (the hotcell model) is at odds with rapid onset of surface uplift (Emeishan, North Atlantic). The start-up plume concept is still the most parsimonious way of explaining the observations presented here. However, observations of surface uplift cannot directly constrain the depth of origin of the hot mantle in a plume head. The short time interval between onset of transient surface uplift and magmatism in the North Atlantic and Emeishan means that the associated starting plume heads were probably not large (??? 1000??km diameter) roughly spherical diapirs and are likely to have formed narrow (??? 100??km radius) upwelling jets, with hot mantle then spreading rapidly outward within the asthenosphere. In cases where rifting post-dates magmatism (N Atlantic Phase 1) or where the degree of lithospheric extension may not have been great (Siberia), a secondary mechanism of lithospheric thinning, such as gravitational instability or delamination of the lower lithosphere, may be required to allow hot mantle to decompress sufficiently to explain the observed volume of magma with a shallow melting geochemical signature. Any such additional thinning mechanisms are probably a direct consequence of plume head emplacement. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.01.017","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Saunders, A., Jones, S., Morgan, L.A., Pierce, K.L., Widdowson, M., and Xu, Y., 2007, Regional uplift associated with continental large igneous provinces: The roles of mantle plumes and the lithosphere: Chemical Geology, v. 241, no. 3-4, p. 282-318, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.01.017.","startPage":"282","endPage":"318","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":504386,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/3566566","text":"External Repository"},{"id":211543,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.01.017"},{"id":238845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"241","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a594e4b0e8fec6cdbe7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saunders, A.D.","contributorId":40011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunders","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, S.M.","contributorId":82523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, L. A.","contributorId":16350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pierce, K. L.","contributorId":12404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Widdowson, M.","contributorId":9821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xu, Y.G.","contributorId":91298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029842,"text":"70029842 - 2007 - Peptidomic analysis of skin secretions supports separate species status for the tailed frogs, Ascaphus truei and Ascaphus montanus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-06T16:10:29","indexId":"70029842","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1290,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part D: Genomics and Proteomics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peptidomic analysis of skin secretions supports separate species status for the tailed frogs, Ascaphus truei and Ascaphus montanus","docAbstract":"The tailed frog Ascaphus truei Stejneger, 1899 is the most primitive extant anuran and the sister taxon to the clade of all other living frogs. The species occupies two disjunct ranges in the Northwest region of North America: the Cascade Mountains and coastal area from British Columbia to Northern California, and an inland range in the northern Rocky Mountains and the Blue and Wallowa mountains. A previous study led to the isolation of eight peptides with antimicrobial activity (termed the ascaphins) from skin secretions of A. truei from the coastal range. The present study has used peptidomic analysis to identify the products of orthologous ascaphin genes in electrically-stimulated skin secretions from inland range specimens. Structural characterization of the peptides demonstrated that ascaphins from the inland range contained the following amino acid substitutions compared with orthologs from the coastal range frogs: ascaphin-1 (Ala12 → Glu), ascaphin-3 (Asp4 → Glu), ascaphin-4 (Ala19 → Ser), ascaphin-5 (Lys12 → Thr), and ascaphin-7 (Gly8 → Ser and Ser20 → Asn). Orthologs of ascaphins-2, -6, and -8 were not identified but a paralog of ascaphin-5, identical to ascaphin-5 from coastal range frogs, was found. The data support the claims, derived from analysis of the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial genes, that the inland populations of the tailed frog should be recognized as a distinct species, the Rocky Mountain tailed frog Ascaphus montanus and that the divergence of the species from A. truei probably occurred in the late Miocene (approximately 10 Mya).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2007.01.003","issn":"1744117X","usgsCitation":"Conlon, J., Bevier, C., Coquet, L., Leprince, J., Jouenne, T., Vaudry, H., and Hossack, B., 2007, Peptidomic analysis of skin secretions supports separate species status for the tailed frogs, Ascaphus truei and Ascaphus montanus: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part D: Genomics and Proteomics, v. 2, no. 2, p. 121-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2007.01.003.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"125","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a765fe4b0c8380cd7809a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conlon, J.M.","contributorId":68964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bevier, C.R.","contributorId":65288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bevier","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coquet, L.","contributorId":35547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coquet","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leprince, J.","contributorId":82530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leprince","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jouenne, T.","contributorId":83338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jouenne","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vaudry, H.","contributorId":94102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaudry","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hossack, B. R.","contributorId":10756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70029972,"text":"70029972 - 2007 - Circum-arctic map compilation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029972","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Circum-arctic map compilation","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Eos","language":"English","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., and Gaina, C., 2007, Circum-arctic map compilation, in Eos, v. 88, no. 21.","startPage":"227","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f607e4b0c8380cd4c564","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, R. W.","contributorId":85588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"R.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaina, C.","contributorId":71389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaina","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031899,"text":"70031899 - 2007 - Population dynamics and angler exploitation of the unique muskellunge population in Shoepack Lake, Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T12:57:30","indexId":"70031899","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population dynamics and angler exploitation of the unique muskellunge population in Shoepack Lake, Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota","docAbstract":"A unique population of muskellunge Esox masquinongy inhabits Shoepack Lake in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. Little is known about its status, dynamics, and angler exploitation, and there is concern for the long-term viability of this population. We used intensive sampling and mark-recapture methods to quantify abundance, survival, growth, condition, age at maturity and fecundity and angler surveys to quantify angler pressure, catch rates, and exploitation. During our study, heavy rain washed out a dam constructed by beavers Castor canadensis which regulates the water level at the lake outlet, resulting in a nearly 50% reduction in surface area. We estimated a population size of 1,120 adult fish at the beginning of the study. No immediate reduction in population size was detected in response to the loss of lake area, although there was a gradual, but significant, decline in population size over the 2-year study. Adults grew less than 50 mm per year, and relative weight (W r) averaged roughly 80. Anglers were successful in catching, on average, two fish during a full day of angling, but harvest was negligible. Shoepack Lake muskellunge exhibit much slower growth rates and lower condition, but much higher densities and angler catch per unit effort (CPUE), than other muskellunge populations. The unique nature, limited distribution, and location of this population in a national park require special consideration for management. The results of this study provide the basis for assessing the long-term viability of the Shoepack Lake muskellunge population through simulations of long-term population dynamics and genetically effective population size. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M05-142.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Frohnauer, N., Pierce, C., and Kallemeyn, L., 2007, Population dynamics and angler exploitation of the unique muskellunge population in Shoepack Lake, Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 1, p. 63-76, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-142.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"76","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487862,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1109&context=nrem_pubs","text":"External Repository"},{"id":242684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214924,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-142.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Shoepack Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.12970352172852,\n 47.595629821855674\n ],\n [\n -91.11167907714842,\n 47.595629821855674\n ],\n [\n -91.11167907714842,\n 47.60523713135211\n ],\n [\n -91.12970352172852,\n 47.60523713135211\n ],\n [\n -91.12970352172852,\n 47.595629821855674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d41e4b0c8380cd79e39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frohnauer, N.K.","contributorId":80096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frohnauer","given":"N.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, C.L. 0000-0001-5088-5431","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":93606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kallemeyn, L.W.","contributorId":44864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kallemeyn","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033146,"text":"70033146 - 2007 - Population-scale movement of coastal cutthroat trout in a naturally isolated stream network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T06:53:09","indexId":"70033146","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population-scale movement of coastal cutthroat trout in a naturally isolated stream network","docAbstract":"To identify population‐scale patterns of movement, coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii tagged and marked (35 radio‐tagged, 749 passive integrated transponder [PIT]‐tagged, and 3,025 fin‐clipped) were monitored from June 1999 to August 2000. The study watershed, located in western Oregon, was above a natural barrier to upstream movement. Emigration out of the watershed was estimated with a rotating fish trap. Approximately 70% of recaptured coastal cutthroat trout with PIT tags and 86% of those with radio tags moved predominantly at the channel‐unit scale (2–95 m); fewer tagged fish moved at the reach scale (66–734 m) and segment scale (229–3,479 m). In general, movement was greatest in April as spawning peaked and lowest in October, when discharge was at its lowest. Only 63 (<1% of tagged and marked fish) coastal cutthroat trout were captured in the fish trap. Trap efficiency was about 33%, and the expanded estimate of emigrants between February and June was 173 fish. These results suggest that unit‐scale movement is common throughout the year and that reach‐ and segment‐scale movements are important during the winter and spring. Although movement in headwater streams is most common at the channel‐unit scale, restoration of individual channel units of stream may not benefit the population at the watershed scale unless these activities are undertaken in the context of the greater whole. Individual coastal cutthroat trout move great distances, even within the small watersheds in the Oregon Coast Range, and although these movements may be infrequent, they may contribute substantially to recolonization after stochastic extirpation events (e.g., landslides and debris flows). Management strategies that focus on maintaining and restoring connectivity in a watershed represent an important step toward protecting the evolutionary capacity of stream salmonids.
The initial interpretation of Galileo data from Jupiter's moon, Io, suggested eruption temperatures ≥1600°C. Tidal heating models have difficulties explaining Io's prodigious heat flow if the mantle is >1300°C, although we suggest that temperatures up to ~1450°C may be possible. In general, Io eruption temperatures have been overestimated because the incorrect thermal model has been applied. Much of the thermal emission from high-temperature hot spots comes from lava fountains but lava flow models were utilized. We apply a new lava fountain model to the highest reported eruption temperature, the SSI observation of the 1997 eruption at Pillan. This resets the lower temperature limit for the eruption from ~1600 to ~1340°C . Additionally, viscous heating of the magma may have increased eruption temperature by ~50-100°C as a result of the strong compressive stresses in the ionian lithosphere. While further work is needed, it appears that the discrepancy between observations and interior models is largely resolved.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.008","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Keszthelyi, L., Jaeger, W.L., Milazzo, M.P., Radebaugh, J., Davies, A., and Mitchell, K.L., 2007, New estimates for Io eruption temperatures: Implications for the interior: Icarus, v. 192, no. 2, p. 491-502, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"491","endPage":"502","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240472,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Io","volume":"192","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6574e4b0c8380cd72bcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":52802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo P.","email":"laz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaeger, Windy L.","contributorId":61679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaeger","given":"Windy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milazzo, Moses P. 0000-0002-9101-2191 moses@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-2191","contributorId":4811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milazzo","given":"Moses","email":"moses@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Radebaugh, Jani","contributorId":101792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radebaugh","given":"Jani","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davies, Ashley G.","contributorId":36827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"Ashley G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mitchell, Karl L.","contributorId":64785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029889,"text":"70029889 - 2007 - The geology of the Morro Velho gold deposit in the Archean Rio das Velhas greenstone belt, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-13T10:51:54","indexId":"70029889","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2954,"text":"Ore Geology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The geology of the Morro Velho gold deposit in the Archean Rio das Velhas greenstone belt, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil","docAbstract":"The Morro Velho gold deposit, Quadrilátero Ferrífero region, Minas Gerais, Brazil, is hosted by rocks at the base of the Archean Rio das Velhas greenstone belt. The deposit occurs within a thick carbonaceous phyllite package, containing intercalations of felsic and intermediate volcaniclastic rocks and dolomites. Considering the temporal and spatial association of the deposit with the Rio das Velhas orogeny, and location in close proximity to a major NNW-trending fault zone, it can be classified as an orogenic gold deposit. Hydrothermal activity was characterized by intense enrichment in alteration zones of carbonates, sulfides, chlorite, white mica±biotite, albite and quartz, as described in other Archean lode-type gold ores. Two types of ore occur in the deposit: dark gray quartz veins and sulfide-rich gold orebodies. The sulfide-rich orebodies range from disseminated concentrations of sulfide minerals to massive sulfide bodies. The sulfide assemblage comprises (by volume), on average, 74% pyrrhotite, 17% arsenopyrite, 8% pyrite and 1% chalcopyrite. The orebodies have a long axis parallel to the local stretching lineation, with continuity down the plunge of fold axis for at least 4.8 km. The group of rocks hosting the Morro Velho gold mineralization is locally referred to as lapa seca. These were isoclinally folded and metamorphosed prior to gold mineralization. The lapa seca and the orebodies it hosts are distributed in five main tight folds related to F1 (the best examples are the X, Main and South orebodies, in level 25), which are disrupted by NE- to E-striking shear zones. Textural features indicate that the sulfide mineralization postdated regional peak metamorphism, and that the massive sulfide ore has subsequently been neither metamorphosed nor deformed. Lead isotope ratios indicate a model age of 2.82 ± 0.05 Ga for both sulfide and gold mineralization. The lapa seca are interpreted as the results of a pre-gold alteration process and may be divided into carbonatic, micaceous and quartzose types. The carbonatic lapa seca is subdivided into gray and brown subtypes. Non-mineralized, gray carbonatic lapa seca forms the hanging wall to the orebodies, and is interpreted as the product of extreme CO2 metasomatism during hydrothermal alteration. This dolomitic lapa seca ranges in composition from relatively pure limestone and dolomite to silty limestone and dolomite. The brown carbonatic and micaceous lapa secas are the host rocks to gold. These units are interpreted to correspond to the sheared and hydrothermal products of metamorphosed volcaniclastic and/or volcanic rocks of varying composition from dacitic to andesitic, forming various types of schists and phyllites. The high-grade, massive sulfide orebodies occur at the base of the gray carbonatic lapa seca. Both disseminated mineralization and quartz veins are hosted by micaceous lapa seca. The data are consistent with a model of epigenetic mineralization for the lapa seca, from a hydrothermal fluid derived in part from the Archean basement or older crust material.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2004.12.008","issn":"01691368","usgsCitation":"Vial, D.S., DeWitt, E., Lobato, L.M., and Thorman, C.H., 2007, The geology of the Morro Velho gold deposit in the Archean Rio das Velhas greenstone belt, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 32, no. 3-4, p. 511-542, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2004.12.008.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"511","endPage":"542","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213005,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2004.12.008"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac79e4b08c986b323500","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vial, Diogenes Scipioni","contributorId":25366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vial","given":"Diogenes","email":"","middleInitial":"Scipioni","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed edewitt@usgs.gov","contributorId":725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","email":"edewitt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":424746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lobato, Lydia Maria","contributorId":78941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lobato","given":"Lydia","email":"","middleInitial":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorman, Charles H. cthorman@usgs.gov","contributorId":254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorman","given":"Charles","email":"cthorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":424744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029807,"text":"70029807 - 2007 - Postfire soil burn severity mapping with hyperspectral image unmixing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029807","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Postfire soil burn severity mapping with hyperspectral image unmixing","docAbstract":"Burn severity is mapped after wildfires to evaluate immediate and long-term fire effects on the landscape. Remotely sensed hyperspectral imagery has the potential to provide important information about fine-scale ground cover components that are indicative of burn severity after large wildland fires. Airborne hyperspectral imagery and ground data were collected after the 2002 Hayman Fire in Colorado to assess the application of high resolution imagery for burn severity mapping and to compare it to standard burn severity mapping methods. Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF), a partial spectral unmixing algorithm, was used to identify the spectral abundance of ash, soil, and scorched and green vegetation in the burned area. The overall performance of the MTMF for predicting the ground cover components was satisfactory (r2 = 0.21 to 0.48) based on a comparison to fractional ash, soil, and vegetation cover measured on ground validation plots. The relationship between Landsat-derived differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) values and the ground data was also evaluated (r2 = 0.20 to 0.58) and found to be comparable to the MTMF. However, the quantitative information provided by the fine-scale hyperspectral imagery makes it possible to more accurately assess the effects of the fire on the soil surface by identifying discrete ground cover characteristics. These surface effects, especially soil and ash cover and the lack of any remaining vegetative cover, directly relate to potential postfire watershed response processes. ?? 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2006.11.027","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Robichaud, P., Lewis, S., Laes, D., Hudak, A., Kokaly, R., and Zamudio, J., 2007, Postfire soil burn severity mapping with hyperspectral image unmixing: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 108, no. 4, p. 467-480, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.11.027.","startPage":"467","endPage":"480","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212836,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.11.027"},{"id":240385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e81e4b0c8380cd7a5a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robichaud, P.R.","contributorId":102691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robichaud","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, S.A.","contributorId":82132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laes, D.Y.M.","contributorId":48760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laes","given":"D.Y.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hudak, A.T.","contributorId":60023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudak","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kokaly, R.F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":42381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zamudio, J.A.","contributorId":29436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zamudio","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70142173,"text":"70142173 - 2007 - Mining-impacted sources of metal loading to an alpine stream based on a tracer-injection study, Clear Creek County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-18T14:17:15","indexId":"70142173","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3853,"text":"Reviews in Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mining-impacted sources of metal loading to an alpine stream based on a tracer-injection study, Clear Creek County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Base flow water in Leavenworth Creek, a tributary to South Clear Creek in Clear Creek County, Colorado, contains copper and zinc at levels toxic to aquatic life. The metals are predominantly derived from the historical Waldorf mine, and sources include an adit, a mine-waste dump, and mill-tailings deposits. Tracer-injection and water-chemistry synoptic studies were conducted during low-flow conditions to quantify metal loads of mining-impacted inflows and their relative contributions to nearby Leavenworth Creek. During the 2-year investigation, the adit was rerouted in an attempt to reduce metal loading to the stream. During the first year, a lithium-bromide tracer was injected continuously into the stream to achieve steady-state conditions prior to synoptic sampling. Synoptic samples were collected from Leavenworth Creek and from discrete surface inflows. One year later, synoptic sampling was repeated at selected sites to evaluate whether rerouting of the adit flow had improved water quality.
\nThe largest sources of copper and zinc to the creek were from surface inflows from the adit, diffuse inflows from wetland areas, and leaching of dispersed mill tailings. Major instream processes included mixing between mining- and non-mining-impacted waters and the attenuation of iron, aluminum, manganese, and othermetals by precipitation or sorption. One year after the rerouting, the Zn and Cu loads in Leavenworth Creek from the adit discharge versus those from leaching of a large volume of dispersed mill tailings were approximately equal to, if not greater than, those before. The mine-waste dump does not appear to be a major source of metal loading. Any improvement that may have resulted from the elimination of adit flow across the dump was masked by higher adit discharge attributed to a larger snow pack. Although many mine remediation activities commonly proceed without prior scientific studies to identify the sources and pathways of metal transport, such strategies do not always translate to water-quality improvements in the stream. Assessment of sources and pathways to gain better understanding of the system is a necessary investment in the outcome of any successful remediation strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/2007.4017(05)","usgsCitation":"Fey, D.L., and Wirt, L., 2007, Mining-impacted sources of metal loading to an alpine stream based on a tracer-injection study, Clear Creek County, Colorado: Reviews in Engineering Geology, v. 17, p. 85-103, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.4017(05).","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":298725,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Clear Creek County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.00433349609375,\n 39.48920467334085\n ],\n [\n -106.00433349609375,\n 39.75365697136308\n ],\n [\n -105.42755126953125,\n 39.75365697136308\n ],\n [\n -105.42755126953125,\n 39.48920467334085\n ],\n [\n -106.00433349609375,\n 39.48920467334085\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550aa1bae4b02e76d7590bf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029962,"text":"70029962 - 2007 - CO2 storage capacity estimation: Issues and development of standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029962","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2049,"text":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CO2 storage capacity estimation: Issues and development of standards","docAbstract":"Associated with the endeavours of geoscientists to pursue the promise that geological storage of CO2 has of potentially making deep cuts into greenhouse gas emissions, Governments around the world are dependent on reliable estimates of CO2 storage capacity and insightful indications of the viability of geological storage in their respective jurisdictions. Similarly, industry needs reliable estimates for business decisions regarding site selection and development. If such estimates are unreliable, and decisions are made based on poor advice, then valuable resources and time could be wasted. Policies that have been put in place to address CO2 emissions could be jeopardised. Estimates need to clearly state the limitations that existed (data, time, knowledge) at the time of making the assessment and indicate the purpose and future use to which the estimates should be applied. A set of guidelines for estimation of storage capacity will greatly assist future deliberations by government and industry on the appropriateness of geological storage of CO2 in different geological settings and political jurisdictions. This work has been initiated under the auspices of the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (www.cslforum.org), and it is intended that it will be an ongoing taskforce to further examine issues associated with storage capacity estimation. 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2007 - Investigators share improved understanding of the North American carbon cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70029781","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Investigators share improved understanding of the North American carbon cycle","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Eos","language":"English","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Birdsey, R., Cook, R., Denning, S., Griffith, P., Law, B., Masek, J., Michalak, A., Ogle, S., Ojima, D., Pan, Y., Sabine, C., Sheffner, E., and Sundquist, E., 2007, Investigators share improved understanding of the North American carbon cycle, in Eos, v. 88, no. 24.","startPage":"255","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ecde4b0c8380cd6404c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birdsey, R.A.","contributorId":67730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdsey","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, R.","contributorId":44649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denning, S.","contributorId":83743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denning","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffith, P.","contributorId":68116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Law, B.","contributorId":62026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Law","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Masek, J.","contributorId":88563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masek","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Michalak, A.","contributorId":6262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michalak","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ogle, S.","contributorId":60445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogle","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ojima, D.","contributorId":10378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ojima","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pan, Y.","contributorId":30382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pan","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sabine, C.","contributorId":19371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabine","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sheffner, E.","contributorId":9868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheffner","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sundquist, E.","contributorId":92848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sundquist","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70031283,"text":"70031283 - 2007 - Geographic variation in avian incubation periods and parental influences on embryonic temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70031283","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1598,"text":"Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in avian incubation periods and parental influences on embryonic temperature","docAbstract":"Theory predicts shorter embryonic periods in species with greater embryo mortality risk and smaller body size. Field studies of 80 passerine species on three continents yielded data that largely conflicted with theory; incubation (embryonic) periods were longer rather than shorter in smaller species, and egg (embryo) mortality risk explained some variation within regions, but did not explain larger differences in incubation periods among geographic regions. Incubation behavior of parents seems to explain these discrepancies. Bird embryos are effectively ectothermic and depend on warmth provided by parents sitting on the eggs to attain proper temperatures for development. Parents of smaller species, plus tropical and southern hemisphere species, commonly exhibited lower nest attentiveness (percent of time spent on the nest incubating) than larger and northern hemisphere species. Lower nest attentiveness produced cooler minimum and average embryonic temperatures that were correlated with longer incubation periods independent of nest predation risk or body size. We experimentally tested this correlation by swapping eggs of species with cool incubation temperatures with eggs of species with warm incubation temperatures and similar egg mass. Incubation periods changed (shortened or lengthened) as expected and verified the importance of egg temperature on development rate. Slower development resulting from cooler temperatures may simply be a cost imposed on embryos by parents and may not enhance offspring quality. At the same time, incubation periods of transferred eggs did not match host species and reflect intrinsic differences among species that may result from nest predation and other selection pressures. 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