{"pageNumber":"2369","pageRowStart":"59200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185071,"records":[{"id":70031035,"text":"70031035 - 2007 - Interaction and influence of two creeks on Escherichia coli concentrations of nearby beaches: Exploration of predictability and mechanisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T09:32:49","indexId":"70031035","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interaction and influence of two creeks on Escherichia coli concentrations of nearby beaches: Exploration of predictability and mechanisms","docAbstract":"

The impact of river outfalls on beach water quality depends on numerous interacting factors. The delivery of contaminants by multiple creeks greatly complicates understanding of the source contributions, especially when pollution might originate up- or down-coast of beaches. We studied two beaches along Lake Michigan that are located between two creek outfalls to determine the hydrometeorologic factors influencing near-shore microbiologic water quality and the relative impact of the creeks. The creeks continuously delivered water with high concentrations of Escherichia coli to Lake Michigan, and the direction of transport of these bacteria was affected by current direction. Current direction reversals were associated with elevated E. coli concentrations at Central Avenue beach. Rainfall, barometric pressure, wave height, wave period, and creek specific conductance were significantly related to E. coli concentration at the beaches and were the parameters used in predictive models that best described E. coli variation at the two beaches. Multiple inputs to numerous beaches complicates the analysis and understanding of the relative relationship of sources but affords opportunities for showing how these complex creek inputs might interact to yield collective or individual effects on beach water quality.

","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies","doi":"10.2134/jeq2007.0025","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Nevers, M., Whitman, R., Frick, W., and Ge, Z., 2007, Interaction and influence of two creeks on Escherichia coli concentrations of nearby beaches: Exploration of predictability and mechanisms: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 36, no. 5, p. 1338-1345, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0025.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1338","endPage":"1345","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238711,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211425,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0025"}],"volume":"36","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ca9e4b0c8380cd62f14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nevers, M.B.","contributorId":13787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frick, W.E.","contributorId":18169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frick","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ge, Z.","contributorId":99769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032057,"text":"70032057 - 2007 - Rain-on-snow events in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70032057","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rain-on-snow events in the western United States","docAbstract":"Rain-on-snow events pose a significant flood hazard in the western United States. This study provides a description of the spatial and temporal variability of the frequency of rain-on-snow events for 4318 sites in the western United States during water years (October through September) 1949-2003. Rain-on-snow events are found to be most common during the months of October through May; however, at sites in the interior western United States, rain-on-snow events can occur in substantial numbers as late as June and as early as September. An examination of the temporal variability of October through May rain-on-snow events indicates a mixture of increasing and decreasing trends in rain-on-snow events across the western United States. Decreasing trends in rain-on-snow events are most pronounced at lower elevations and are associated with trends toward fewer snowfall days and fewer precipitation days with snow on the ground. Rain-on-snow events are more (less) frequent in the northwestern (southwestern) United States during La Nin??a (El Nin??o) conditions. Additionally, increases in temperature in the western United States appear to be contributing to decreases in the number of rain-on-snow events for many sites through effects on the number of days with snowfall and the number of days with snow on the ground. ?? 2007 American Meteorological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-88-3-319","issn":"00030007","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., Clark, M., and Hay, L., 2007, Rain-on-snow events in the western United States: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 88, no. 3, p. 319-328, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-88-3-319.","startPage":"319","endPage":"328","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477038,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-88-3-319","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214816,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-88-3-319"},{"id":242568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a944be4b0c8380cd81307","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hay, L.E.","contributorId":54253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031036,"text":"70031036 - 2007 - Relative susceptibility and effects on performance of Rio Grande cutthroat trout and rainbow trout challenged with Myxobolus cerebralis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031036","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative susceptibility and effects on performance of Rio Grande cutthroat trout and rainbow trout challenged with Myxobolus cerebralis","docAbstract":"We evaluated the susceptibility of Rio Grande cutthroat trout (RGCT) Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis to infection by Myxobolus cerebralis in a laboratory experiment. In the same experiment, rainbow trout (RBT) O. mykiss were similarly exposed to M. cerebralis as a reference of known sensitivity to the parasite. Treatments consisting of six parasite concentrations (0, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 triactinomyxons [TAMS] per fish) were randomized within a complete block design using RGCT and RBT fry beginning at 60 d posthatch (600 degree-days at 10??C). The laboratory experiment was terminated at 130 d postexposure (1,900 degree-days at 10??C). Diagnostic metrics included clinical signs (behavioral and black tail), survival, myxospore counts, histology, and a swimming performance challenge. Clinical signs of whirling disease were observed within both species at 500 and 1,000 TAMs/fish by 66 d postexposure to the disease. Rio Grande cutthroat trout exhibited significantly lower survival (50% cumulative mortality at 1,000 TAMs/fish) and a significant concentration response compared with RBT (8% cumulative mortality at 1,000 TAMs/fish). Histological scoring of cranial sections using a 0-5 scale of increasing pathogenic effect revealed greater disease severity in RGCT (3.20) than in RBT (2.43) at 100 TAMs/fish but no difference at 1,000 TAMs/fish (4.15 and 4.12, respectively). Swimming performance revealed detectably lower critical swimming speed in both RGCT and RBT in relation to increased parasite concentrations, the RGCT exhibiting detectably lower critical swimming speeds than the RBT at increased parasite concentration. If M. cerebralis were to spread to areas supporting RGCT, population-level effects may occur. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T06-251.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"DuBey, R., Caldwell, C., and Gould, W., 2007, Relative susceptibility and effects on performance of Rio Grande cutthroat trout and rainbow trout challenged with Myxobolus cerebralis: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 136, no. 5, p. 1406-1414, https://doi.org/10.1577/T06-251.1.","startPage":"1406","endPage":"1414","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211451,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T06-251.1"},{"id":238742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"136","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa699e4b0c8380cd84f47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DuBey, R.J.","contributorId":95265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuBey","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, C.A. 0000-0002-4730-4867","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4730-4867","contributorId":24727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gould, W.R.","contributorId":9746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031964,"text":"70031964 - 2007 - Controls on the Karaha-Telaga Bodas geothermal reservoir, Indonesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031964","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on the Karaha-Telaga Bodas geothermal reservoir, Indonesia","docAbstract":"Karaha-Telaga Bodas is a partially vapor-dominated, fracture-controlled geothermal system located adjacent to Galunggung Volcano in western Java, Indonesia. The geothermal system consists of: (1) a caprock, ranging from several hundred to 1600 m in thickness, and characterized by a steep, conductive temperature gradient and low permeability; (2) an underlying vapor-dominated zone that extends below sea level; and (3) a deep liquid-dominated zone with measured temperatures up to 353 ??C. Heat is provided by a tabular granodiorite stock encountered at about 3 km depth. A structural analysis of the geothermal system shows that the effective base of the reservoir is controlled either by the boundary between brittle and ductile deformational regimes or by the closure and collapse of fractures within volcanic rocks located above the brittle/ductile transition. The base of the caprock is determined by the distribution of initially low-permeability lithologies above the reservoir; the extent of pervasive clay alteration that has significantly reduced primary rock permeabilities; the distribution of secondary minerals deposited by descending waters; and, locally, by a downward change from a strike-slip to an extensional stress regime. Fluid-producing zones are controlled by both matrix and fracture permeabilities. High matrix permeabilities are associated with lacustrine, pyroclastic, and epiclastic deposits. Productive fractures are those showing the greatest tendency to slip and dilate under the present-day stress conditions. Although the reservoir appears to be in pressure communication across its length, fluid, and gas chemistries vary laterally, suggesting the presence of isolated convection cells. ?? 2006 CNR.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geothermics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2006.09.005","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Nemcok, M., Moore, J., Christensen, C., Allis, R., Powell, T., Murray, B., and Nash, G., 2007, Controls on the Karaha-Telaga Bodas geothermal reservoir, Indonesia: Geothermics, v. 36, no. 1, p. 9-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2006.09.005.","startPage":"9","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214927,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2006.09.005"},{"id":242687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd4e4b0c8380cd4dfb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nemcok, M.","contributorId":104248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nemcok","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, J.N.","contributorId":22795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christensen, Carl","contributorId":43562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Carl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allis, R.","contributorId":14606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allis","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powell, T.","contributorId":33118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murray, B.","contributorId":90865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nash, G.","contributorId":8285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031533,"text":"70031533 - 2007 - Predicted sedimentary record of reflected bores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-25T11:15:42.520161","indexId":"70031533","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Predicted sedimentary record of reflected bores","docAbstract":"Where a steep slope blocks an inrushing tsunami, the tsunami commonly reverses direction as a reflected bore. A simple method for relating vertical and horizontal variation in sediment size to output from numerical models of depth-averaged tsunami flow yields predictions about the sedimentary record of reflected bores: 1. Near the reflector, a abrupt slowing of the flow as the reflected bore passes is recorded by a normally graded layer that drapes preexisting topography. 2. At intermediate distances from the reflector, the deposit consists of a single normally graded bed deposited preferentially in depressions, possibly including a sharp fine-over-coarse contact. This contact records a brief period of erosion as the front of the reflected bore passes. 3. Far seaward of the reflector, grading in the deposit includes two distinct normally graded beds deposited preferentially in depressions separated by an erosional unconformity. The second normally graded bed records the reflected bore.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","conferenceDate":"May 13-17, 2007","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA","language":"English","publisher":"ACSE","doi":"10.1061/40926(239)85","isbn":"0784409269; 9780784409268","usgsCitation":"Higman, B., Gelfenbaum, G., Lynett, P., Moore, A., and Jaffe, B., 2007, Predicted sedimentary record of reflected bores, in Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes, New Orleans, LA, May 13-17, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)85.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240108,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8197e4b0c8380cd7b5f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higman, B.","contributorId":63621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.","contributorId":72429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lynett, P.","contributorId":47981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynett","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, A.","contributorId":29351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaffe, B.","contributorId":78517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031038,"text":"70031038 - 2007 - Integrating laboratory creep compaction data with numerical fault models: A Bayesian framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-27T12:24:12.666509","indexId":"70031038","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating laboratory creep compaction data with numerical fault models: A Bayesian framework","docAbstract":"

[1] We developed a robust Bayesian inversion scheme to plan and analyze laboratory creep compaction experiments. We chose a simple creep law that features the main parameters of interest when trying to identify rate-controlling mechanisms from experimental data. By integrating the chosen creep law or an approximation thereof, one can use all the data, either simultaneously or in overlapping subsets, thus making more complete use of the experiment data and propagating statistical variations in the data through to the final rate constants. Despite the nonlinearity of the problem, with this technique one can retrieve accurate estimates of both the stress exponent and the activation energy, even when the porosity time series data are noisy. Whereas adding observation points and/or experiments reduces the uncertainty on all parameters, enlarging the range of temperature or effective stress significantly reduces the covariance between stress exponent and activation energy. We apply this methodology to hydrothermal creep compaction data on quartz to obtain a quantitative, semiempirical law for fault zone compaction in the interseismic period. Incorporating this law into a simple direct rupture model, we find marginal distributions of the time to failure that are robust with respect to errors in the initial fault zone porosity.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004792","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Fitzenz, D., Jalobeanu, A., and Hickman, S., 2007, Integrating laboratory creep compaction data with numerical fault models: A Bayesian framework: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 8, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004792.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477346,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004792","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c7be4b0c8380cd62d89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzenz, D.D.","contributorId":61218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzenz","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jalobeanu, A.","contributorId":31197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jalobeanu","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickman, S.H. 0000-0003-2075-9615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":16027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031706,"text":"70031706 - 2007 - Effects of cryptic mortality and the hidden costs of using length limits in fishery management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70031706","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1652,"text":"Fish and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of cryptic mortality and the hidden costs of using length limits in fishery management","docAbstract":"Fishery collapses cause substantial economic and ecological harm, but common management actions often fail to prevent overfishing. Minimum length limits are perhaps the most common fishing regulation used in both commercial and recreational fisheries, but their conservation benefits can be influenced by discard mortality of fish caught and released below the legal length. We constructed a computer model to evaluate how discard mortality could influence the conservation utility of minimum length regulations. We evaluated policy performance across two disparate fish life-history types: short-lived high-productivity (SLHP) and long-lived low-productivity (LLLP) species. For the life-history types, fishing mortality rates and minimum length limits that we examined, length limits alone generally failed to achieve sustainability when discard mortality rate exceeded about 0.2 for SLHP species and 0.05 for LLLP species. At these levels of discard mortality, reductions in overall fishing mortality (e.g. lower fishing effort) were required to prevent recruitment overfishing if fishing mortality was high. Similarly, relatively low discard mortality rates (>0.05) rendered maximum yield unobtainable and caused a substantial shift in the shape of the yield response surfaces. An analysis of fishery efficiency showed that length limits caused the simulated fisheries to be much less efficient, potentially exposing the target species and ecosystem to increased negative effects of the fishing process. Our findings suggest that for overexploited fisheries with moderate-to-high discard mortality rates, reductions in fishing mortality will be required to meet management goals. Resource managers should carefully consider impacts of cryptic mortality sources (e.g. discard mortality) on fishery sustainability, especially in recreational fisheries where release rates are high and effort is increasing in many areas of the world. ?? 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fish and Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2679.2007.00247.x","issn":"14672960","usgsCitation":"Coggins, L., Catalano, M., Allen, M.S., Pine, W., and Walters, C., 2007, Effects of cryptic mortality and the hidden costs of using length limits in fishery management: Fish and Fisheries, v. 8, no. 3, p. 196-210, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2679.2007.00247.x.","startPage":"196","endPage":"210","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212220,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2679.2007.00247.x"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06c1e4b0c8380cd513d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coggins, L.G. Jr.","contributorId":47139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coggins","given":"L.G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Catalano, M.J.","contributorId":44347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catalano","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, M. S.","contributorId":63001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pine, William E. III","contributorId":56759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pine","given":"William E.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walters, C.J.","contributorId":43971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032056,"text":"70032056 - 2007 - Effects of aqueous exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254) on physiology and behavior of smolt development of Atlantic salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70032056","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of aqueous exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254) on physiology and behavior of smolt development of Atlantic salmon","docAbstract":"Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a widespread aquatic contaminant and are present in both wild and hatchery raised Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. The possible sub-lethal alterations in smolt physiology and behavior due to PCB exposure of salmon have not been widely examined. In this study, we examined the effects of the PCB mixture Aroclor 1254 on survival and smolt development of Atlantic salmon. In separate experiments, fish were exposed as yolk-sac larvae or as juveniles just prior to the parr-smolt transformation in April to 1 ??g l-1 (PCB-1) or 10 ??g l-1 (PCB-10) aqueous Aroclor 1254 (A1254), or vehicle for 21 days. After exposure, yolk-sac larvae were reared at ambient conditions for 1 year, until the peak of smolting the following May. Juveniles were sampled immediately after exposure. Both groups were assessed for behavioral, osmoregulatory, and endocrine disruption of smolt development at the peak of smolting. PCB-1 and PCB-10 treated yolk-sac larvae exhibited significant increases in the rate of opercular movement after 14 and 21 days of exposure. At the peak of smolting, prior exposure as yolk-sac larvae to PCB-1 did not affect behavior, while PCB-10 dramatically decreased volitional preference for seawater. Neither concentration of A1254 had long-term effects on the osmoregulatory or endocrine parameters measured in animals exposed as yolk-sac larvae. Juvenile fish exposed to PCB-1 or PCB-10 during smolting exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in preference for seawater. Fish treated with the higher dose of A1254 also exhibited a 50% decrease in gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity and a 10% decrease in plasma chloride levels in freshwater. In addition, plasma triiodothyronine was reduced 35-50% and plasma cortisol 58% in response to exposure to either concentration; whereas plasma thyroxine, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor I levels were unaffected. These results indicate that the effects of exposure to A1254 may vary according to developmental stage. Exposure to A1254 in the freshwater environment can inhibit preparatory adaptations that occur during smolting, thereby reducing marine survival and sustainability of salmon populations. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.12.018","issn":"0166445X","usgsCitation":"Lerner, D., Bjornsson, B.T., and McCormick, S., 2007, Effects of aqueous exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254) on physiology and behavior of smolt development of Atlantic salmon: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 81, no. 3, p. 329-336, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.12.018.","startPage":"329","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214815,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.12.018"},{"id":242567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a068fe4b0c8380cd512e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lerner, D.T.","contributorId":15821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerner","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjornsson, Bjorn Thrandur","contributorId":28928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjornsson","given":"Bjorn","email":"","middleInitial":"Thrandur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":434341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031039,"text":"70031039 - 2007 - Does species diversity limit productivity in natural grassland communities?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031039","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does species diversity limit productivity in natural grassland communities?","docAbstract":"Theoretical analyses and experimental studies of synthesized assemblages indicate that under particular circumstances species diversity can enhance community productivity through niche complementarity. It remains unclear whether this process has important effects in mature natural ecosystems where competitive feedbacks and complex environmental influences affect diversity-productivity relationships. In this study, we evaluated diversity-productivity relationships while statistically controlling for environmental influences in 12 natural grassland ecosystems. Because diversity-productivity relationships are conspicuously nonlinear, we developed a nonlinear structural equation modeling (SEM) methodology to separate the effects of diversity on productivity from the effects of productivity on diversity. Meta-analysis was used to summarize the SEM findings across studies. While competitive effects were readily detected, enhancement of production by diversity was not. These results suggest that the influence of small-scale diversity on productivity in mature natural systems is a weak force, both in absolute terms and relative to the effects of other controls on productivity. ?? 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01058.x","issn":"1461023X","usgsCitation":"Grace, J., Anderson, T., Smith, M.D., Seabloom, E., Andelman, S., Meche, G., Weiher, E., Allain, L., Jutila, H., Sankaran, M., Knops, J., Ritchie, M., and Willig, M.R., 2007, Does species diversity limit productivity in natural grassland communities?: Ecology Letters, v. 10, no. 8, p. 680-689, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01058.x.","startPage":"680","endPage":"689","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211482,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01058.x"},{"id":238777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0397e4b0c8380cd50564","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, T.M.","contributorId":70996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, M. D.","contributorId":25724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seabloom, E.","contributorId":86967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seabloom","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andelman, S.J.","contributorId":25113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andelman","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meche, G.","contributorId":43565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meche","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weiher, E.","contributorId":18155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiher","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Allain, L.K. 0000-0002-7717-9761","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-9761","contributorId":22141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allain","given":"L.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jutila, H.","contributorId":42782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jutila","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sankaran, M.","contributorId":96475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankaran","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Knops, J.","contributorId":61641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knops","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ritchie, M.","contributorId":106701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritchie","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Willig, M. R.","contributorId":68517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willig","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70031040,"text":"70031040 - 2007 - Prey density and the behavioral flexibility of a marine predator: The common murre (Uria aalge)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T20:05:57","indexId":"70031040","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prey density and the behavioral flexibility of a marine predator: The common murre (Uria aalge)","docAbstract":"

Flexible time budgets allow individual animals to buffer the effects of variable food availability by allocating more time to foraging when food density decreases. This trait should be especially important for marine predators that forage on patchy and ephemeral food resources. We examined flexible time allocation by a long-lived marine predator, the Common Murre (Uria aalge), using data collected in a five-year study at three colonies in Alaska (USA) with contrasting environmental conditions. Annual hydroacoustic surveys revealed an order-of-magnitude variation in food density among the 15 colony-years of study. We used data on parental time budgets and local prey density to test predictions from two hypotheses: Hypothesis A, the colony attendance of seabirds varies nonlinearly with food density; and Hypothesis B, flexible time allocation of parent murres buffers chicks against variable food availability. Hypothesis A was supported; colony attendance by murres was positively correlated with food over a limited range of poor-to-moderate food densities, but independent of food over a broader range of higher densities. This is the first empirical evidence for a nonlinear response of a marine predator's time budget to changes in prey density. Predictions from Hypothesis B were largely supported: (1) chick-feeding rates were fairly constant over a wide range of densities and only dropped below 3.5 meals per day at the low end of prey density, and (2) there was a nonlinear relationship between chick-feeding rates and time spent at the colony, with chick-feeding rates only declining after time at the colony by the nonbrooding parent was reduced to a minimum. The ability of parents to adjust their foraging time by more than 2 h/d explains why they were able to maintain chick-feeding rates of more than 3.5 meals/d across a 10-fold range in local food density. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/06-1695.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Harding, A., Piatt, J.F., Schmutz, J.A., Shultz, M., van Pelt, T.I., Kettle, A.B., and Speckman, S., 2007, Prey density and the behavioral flexibility of a marine predator: The common murre (Uria aalge): Ecology, v. 88, no. 8, p. 2024-2033, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1695.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2024","endPage":"2033","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211510,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1695.1"}],"volume":"88","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b7ce4b0c8380cd7e275","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harding, A.M.A.","contributorId":29088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harding","given":"A.M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shultz, M.T.","contributorId":62006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shultz","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"van Pelt, Thomas I.","contributorId":13392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Pelt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kettle, Arthur B.","contributorId":98064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kettle","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031970,"text":"70031970 - 2007 - Sea level rise in Tampa Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-26T17:34:01.08709","indexId":"70031970","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea level rise in Tampa Bay","docAbstract":"

Understanding relative sea level (RSL) rise during periods of rapid climatic change is critical for evaluating modern sea level rise given the vulnerability of Antarctic ice shelves to collapse [Hodgson et al, 2006], the retreat of the world's glaciers [Oerlemans, 2005], and mass balance trends of the Greenland ice sheet [Rignot and Kanagaratnam, 2006]. The first-order pattern of global sea level rise following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼21,000 years ago) is well established from coral [Fairbanks, 1989], continental shelf [Hanebuth et al, 2000], and other records [Pirazzoli, 2000] and has been integrated into a global ICE-5G model of glacio-isostatic adjustment (GIA) [Peltier, 2004]. However, uncertainty introduced by paleo water depth of sea level indicators, radiocarbon chronology (i.e., reservoir corrections for marine shell dates), postglacial isostatic adjustment, and other processes affecting vertical position of former shorelines produces scatter in RSL curves, limiting our knowledge of sea level rise during periods of rapid glacial decay.

One example of this limitation is the Gulf of Mexico/Florida region where, despite decades of study, RSL curves produce two conflicting patterns: those showing progressive submergence with a decelerating rate during the past 5000 years [Scholl et al, 1969] and those showing high sea level during the middle of the Holocene [Blum et al, 2001; Balsillie and Donoghue, 2004], where the Holocene represents a geologic epoch that extends from about 10,000 years ago to present times. This discrepancy is emblematic of the uncertainty surrounding Holocene sea level and ice volume history in general.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2007EO100002","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T., Edgar, N., Brooks, G.L., Hastings, D., Larson, R., Hine, A., Locker, S., Suthard, B., Flower, B., Hollander, D., Wehmiller, J., Willard, D., and Smith, S., 2007, Sea level rise in Tampa Bay: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 88, no. 10, p. 117-118, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007EO100002.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"118","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477205,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007eo100002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.70233154296875,\n 27.632440508426797\n ],\n [\n -82.5677490234375,\n 27.586197857692664\n ],\n [\n -82.41668701171875,\n 27.661636331915222\n ],\n [\n -82.37274169921875,\n 27.817215593059487\n ],\n [\n -82.386474609375,\n 27.97984914504167\n ],\n [\n -82.73254394531249,\n 28.05259082333986\n ],\n [\n -82.70233154296875,\n 27.632440508426797\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b87ebe4b08c986b316716","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T.","contributorId":88061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edgar, N.T.","contributorId":35812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"N.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Gillian L.","contributorId":31033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Gillian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hastings, D.","contributorId":43186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larson, R.","contributorId":30438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hine, A.","contributorId":96107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hine","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Locker, S.","contributorId":72218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locker","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Suthard, B.","contributorId":103105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suthard","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Flower, B.","contributorId":51116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flower","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hollander, D.","contributorId":52417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollander","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wehmiller, J.","contributorId":20997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wehmiller","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Willard, D. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":67676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Smith, S.","contributorId":20698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70031700,"text":"70031700 - 2007 - Long-term performance of Aanderaa optodes and sea-bird SBE-43 dissolved-oxygen sensors bottom mounted at 32 m in Massachusetts Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T12:54:21","indexId":"70031700","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2186,"text":"Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term performance of Aanderaa optodes and sea-bird SBE-43 dissolved-oxygen sensors bottom mounted at 32 m in Massachusetts Bay","docAbstract":"

A field evaluation of two new dissolved-oxygen sensing technologies, the Aanderaa Instruments AS optode model 3830 and the Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc., model SBE43, was carried out at about 32-m water depth in western Massachusetts Bay. The optode is an optical sensor that measures fluorescence quenching by oxygen molecules, while the SBE43 is a Clark polarographic membrane sensor. Optodes were continuously deployed on bottom tripod frames by exchanging sensors every 4 months over a 19-month period. A Sea-Bird SBE43 was added during one 4-month deployment. These moored observations compared well with oxygen measurements from profiles collected during monthly shipboard surveys conducted by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority. The mean correlation coefficient between the moored measurements and shipboard survey data was >0.9, the mean difference was 0.06 mL L−1, and the standard deviation of the difference was 0.15 mL L−1. The correlation coefficient between the optode and the SBE43 was >0.9 and the mean difference was 0.07 mL L−1. Optode measurements degraded when fouling was severe enough to block oxygen molecules from entering the sensing foil over a significant portion of the sensing window. Drift observed in two optodes beginning at about 225 and 390 days of deployment is attributed to degradation of the sensing foil. Flushing is necessary to equilibrate the Sea-Bird sensor. Power consumption by the SBE43 and required pump was 19.2 mWh per sample, and the optode consumed 0.9 mWh per sample, both within expected values based on manufacturers’ specifications.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JTECH2078.1","usgsCitation":"Martini, M.A., Butman, B., and Mickelson, M.J., 2007, Long-term performance of Aanderaa optodes and sea-bird SBE-43 dissolved-oxygen sensors bottom mounted at 32 m in Massachusetts Bay: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, v. 24, no. 11, p. 1924-1935, https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH2078.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1924","endPage":"1935","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477086,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jtech2078.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Massachusetts Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.03759765625,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -69.686279296875,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -69.686279296875,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -71.03759765625,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -71.03759765625,\n 41.64007838467894\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49a1e4b0c8380cd6877d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martini, Marinna A. 0000-0002-7757-5158 mmartini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-5158","contributorId":2456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"Marinna","email":"mmartini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mickelson, Michael J.","contributorId":54020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mickelson","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031042,"text":"70031042 - 2007 - Microbial reduction of structural Fe3+ in nontronite by a thermophilic bacterium and its role in promoting the smectite to illite reaction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70031042","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial reduction of structural Fe3+ in nontronite by a thermophilic bacterium and its role in promoting the smectite to illite reaction","docAbstract":"The illitization process of Fe-rich smectite (nontronite NAu-2) promoted by microbial reduction of structural Fe3+ was investigated by using a thermophilic metal-reducing bacterium, Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus, isolated from the deep subsurface. T. ethanolicus was incubated with lactate as the sole electron donor and structural Fe3+ in nontronite as the sole electron acceptor, and anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate (AQDS) as an electron shuttle in a growth medium (pH 6.2 and 9.2, 65 ??C) with or without an external supply of Al and K sources. With an external supply of Al and K, the extent of reduction of Fe3+ in NAu-2 was 43.7 and 40.4% at pH 6.2 and 9.2, respectively. X-ray diffraction and scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed formation of discrete illite at pH 9.2 with external Al and K sources, while mixed layers of illite/smectite or highly charged smectite were detected under other conditions. The morphology of biogenic illite evolved from lath and flake to pseudo-hexagonal shape. An external supply of Al and K under alkaline conditions enhances the smectite-illite reaction during microbial Fe3+ reduction of smectite. Biogenic SiO2 was observed as a result of bioreduction under all conditions. The microbially promoted smectite-illite reaction proceeds via dissolution of smectite and precipitation of illite. Thermophilic iron reducing bacteria have a significant role in promoting the smectite to illite reaction under conditions common in sedimentary basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2138/am.2007.2498","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Zhang, G., Dong, H., Kim, J., and Eberl, D.D., 2007, Microbial reduction of structural Fe3+ in nontronite by a thermophilic bacterium and its role in promoting the smectite to illite reaction: American Mineralogist, v. 92, no. 8-9, p. 1411-1419, https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2007.2498.","startPage":"1411","endPage":"1419","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211538,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2007.2498"},{"id":238840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"8-9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a565ce4b0c8380cd6d531","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, G.","contributorId":12636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dong, H.","contributorId":94086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dong","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kim, J.","contributorId":9813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031043,"text":"70031043 - 2007 - Improving land resource evaluation using fuzzy neural network ensembles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-15T13:42:48","indexId":"70031043","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3025,"text":"Pedosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving land resource evaluation using fuzzy neural network ensembles","docAbstract":"

Land evaluation factors often contain continuous-, discrete- and nominal-valued attributes. In traditional land evaluation, these different attributes are usually graded into categorical indexes by land resource experts, and the evaluation results rely heavily on experts' experiences. In order to overcome the shortcoming, we presented a fuzzy neural network ensemble method that did not require grading the evaluation factors into categorical indexes and could evaluate land resources by using the three kinds of attribute values directly. A fuzzy back propagation neural network (BPNN), a fuzzy radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), a fuzzy BPNN ensemble, and a fuzzy RBFNN ensemble were used to evaluate the land resources in Guangdong Province. The evaluation results by using the fuzzy BPNN ensemble and the fuzzy RBFNN ensemble were much better than those by using the single fuzzy BPNN and the single fuzzy RBFNN, and the error rate of the single fuzzy RBFNN or fuzzy RBFNN ensemble was lower than that of the single fuzzy BPNN or fuzzy BPNN ensemble, respectively. By using the fuzzy neural network ensembles, the validity of land resource evaluation was improved and reliance on land evaluators' experiences was considerably reduced. ?? 2007 Soil Science Society of China.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1002-0160(07)60052-6","issn":"10020160","usgsCitation":"Xue, Y., HU, Y., Liu, S., YANG, J., CHEN, Q., and BAO, S., 2007, Improving land resource evaluation using fuzzy neural network ensembles: Pedosphere, v. 17, no. 4, p. 429-435, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(07)60052-6.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"429","endPage":"435","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211539,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(07)60052-6"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","publicComments":"Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40671145), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Nos. 04300504 and 05006623), and the Science and Technology Plan Foundation of Guangdong Province (Nos. 2005B20701008, 2005B10101028, and 2004B20701006)","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a396ee4b0c8380cd6190a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xue, Yue-Ju","contributorId":44346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xue","given":"Yue-Ju","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"HU, Y.-M.","contributorId":78149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"HU","given":"Y.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, S.-G.","contributorId":74574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.-G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"YANG, J.-F.","contributorId":47578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"YANG","given":"J.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"CHEN, Q.-C.","contributorId":9854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"CHEN","given":"Q.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"BAO, S.-T.","contributorId":9855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"BAO","given":"S.-T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031567,"text":"70031567 - 2007 - Biotic and abiotic controls of argentine ant invasion success at local and landscape scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70031567","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biotic and abiotic controls of argentine ant invasion success at local and landscape scales","docAbstract":"Although the ecological success of introduced species hinges on biotic interactions and physical conditions, few experimental studies - especially on animals - have simultaneously investigated the relative importance of both types of factors. The lack of such research may stem from the common assumption that native and introduced species exhibit similar environmental tolerances. Here we combine experimental and spatial modeling approaches (1) to determine the relative importance of biotic and abiotic controls of Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) invasion success, (2) to examine how the importance of these factors changes with spatial scale in southern California (USA), and (3) to assess how Argentine ants differ from native ants in their environmental tolerances. A factorial field experiment that combined native ant removal with irrigation revealed that Argentine ants failed to invade any dry plots (even those lacking native ants) but readily invaded all moist plots. Native ants slowed the spread of Argentine ants into irrigated plots but did not prevent invasion. In areas without Argentine ants, native ant species showed variable responses to irrigation. At the landscape scale, Argentine ant occurrence was positively correlated with minimum winter temperature (but not precipitation), whereas native ant diversity increased with precipitation and was negatively correlated with minimum winter temperature. These results are of interest for several reasons. First, they demonstrate that fine-scale differences in the physical environment can eclipse biotic resistance from native competitors in determining community susceptibility to invasion. Second, our results illustrate surprising complexities with respect to how the abiotic factors limiting invasion can change with spatial scale, and third, how native and invasive species can differ in their responses to the physical environment. Idiosyncratic and scale-dependent processes complicate attempts to forecast where introduced species will occur and how their range limits may shift as a result of climate change. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/07-0122.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Menke, S., Fisher, R., Jetz, W., and Holway, D., 2007, Biotic and abiotic controls of argentine ant invasion success at local and landscape scales: Ecology, v. 88, no. 12, p. 3164-3173, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0122.1.","startPage":"3164","endPage":"3173","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477123,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0122.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212630,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-0122.1"},{"id":240145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1a0e4b0c8380cd4ad48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Menke, S.B.","contributorId":78938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menke","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jetz, W.","contributorId":101458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jetz","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holway, D.A.","contributorId":31581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holway","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031536,"text":"70031536 - 2007 - Fracture control of ground water flow and water chemistry in a rock aquitard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031536","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fracture control of ground water flow and water chemistry in a rock aquitard","docAbstract":"There are few studies on the hydrogeology of sedimentary rock aquitards although they are important controls in regional ground water flow systems. We formulate and test a three-dimensional (3D) conceptual model of ground water flow and hydrochemistry in a fractured sedimentary rock aquitard to show that flow dynamics within the aquitard are more complex than previously believed. Similar conceptual models, based on regional observations and recently emerging principles of mechanical stratigraphy in heterogeneous sedimentary rocks, have previously been applied only to aquifers, but we show that they are potentially applicable to aquitards. The major elements of this conceptual model, which is based on detailed information from two sites in the Maquoketa Formation in southeastern Wisconsin, include orders of magnitude contrast between hydraulic diffusivity (K/Ss) of fractured zones and relatively intact aquitard rock matrix, laterally extensive bedding-plane fracture zones extending over distances of over 10 km, very low vertical hydraulic conductivity of thick shale-rich intervals of the aquitard, and a vertical hydraulic head profile controlled by a lateral boundary at the aquitard subcrop, where numerous surface water bodies dominate the shallow aquifer system. Results from a 3D numerical flow model based on this conceptual model are consistent with field observations, which did not fit the typical conceptual model of strictly vertical flow through an aquitard. The 3D flow through an aquitard has implications for predicting ground water flow and for planning and protecting water supplies. ?? 2007 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00335.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Eaton, T., Anderson, M.P., and Bradbury, K.R., 2007, Fracture control of ground water flow and water chemistry in a rock aquitard: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 5, p. 601-615, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00335.x.","startPage":"601","endPage":"615","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212179,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00335.x"},{"id":239629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13aee4b0c8380cd5473b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eaton, T.T.","contributorId":90536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"T.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Marilyn P.","contributorId":102970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradbury, K. R.","contributorId":86070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031699,"text":"70031699 - 2007 - Multiscale habitat selection by burrowing owls in black-tailed prairie dog colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031699","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiscale habitat selection by burrowing owls in black-tailed prairie dog colonies","docAbstract":"Some populations of western burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) have declined in recent decades. To design and implement effective recovery efforts, we need a better understanding of how distribution and demographic traits are influenced by habitat quality. To this end, we measured spatial patterns of burrowing owl breeding habitat selection within black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies in northeastern Wyoming, USA. We compared burrow-, site-, colony-, and landscape-scale habitat parameters between burrowing owl nest burrows (n = 105) and unoccupied burrows (n = 85). We sampled 4 types of prairie dog colonies: 1) owl-occupied, active with prairie dogs (n = 16); 2) owl-occupied, inactive (n = 13); 3) owl-unoccupied, active (n = 14); and 4) owl-unoccupied, inactive (n = 14). We used an information-theoretic approach to examine a set of candidate models of burrowing owl nest-site selection. The model with the most support included variables at all 4 spatial scales, and results were consistent among the 4 types of prairie dog colonies. Nest burrows had longer tunnels, more available burrows within 30 m, and less shrub cover within 30 m, more prairie dog activity within 100 m, and were closer to water than unoccupied burrows. The model correctly classified 76% of cases, all model coefficients were stable, and the model had high predictive ability. Based on our results, we recommend actions to ensure persistence of the remaining prairie dog colonies as an important management strategy for burrowing owl conservation in the Great Plains of North America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-221","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Lantz, S., Conway, C., and Anderson, S., 2007, Multiscale habitat selection by burrowing owls in black-tailed prairie dog colonies: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 8, p. 2664-2672, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-221.","startPage":"2664","endPage":"2672","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212547,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-221"}],"volume":"71","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6098e4b0c8380cd71575","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lantz, S.J.","contributorId":96088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantz","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, C.J.","contributorId":33417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, S.H.","contributorId":33667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031670,"text":"70031670 - 2007 - Rapid estimation of recharge potential in ephemeral-stream channels using electromagnetic methods, and measurements of channel and vegetation characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T12:27:10","indexId":"70031670","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid estimation of recharge potential in ephemeral-stream channels using electromagnetic methods, and measurements of channel and vegetation characteristics","docAbstract":"To classify recharge potential (RCP) in ephemeral-stream channels, a method was developed that incorporates information about channel geometry, vegetation characteristics, and bed-sediment apparent electrical conductivity (??a). Recharge potential is not independently measurable, but is instead formulated as a site-specific, qualitative parameter. We used data from 259 transects across two ephemeral-stream channels near Sierra Vista, Arizona, a location with a semiarid climate. Seven data types were collected: ??a averaged over two depth intervals (0-3 m, and 0-6 m), channel incision depth and width, diameter-at-breast-height of the largest tree, woody-plant and grass density. A two-tiered system was used to classify a transect's RCP. In the first tier, transects were categorized by estimates of near-surface-sediment hydraulic permeability as low, moderate, or high using measurements of 0-3 m-depth ??a. Each of these categories was subdivided into low, medium, or high RCP classes using the remaining six data types, thus yielding a total of nine RCP designations. Six sites in the study area were used to compare RCP and ??a with previously measured surrogates for hydraulic permeability. Borehole-averaged percent fines showed a moderate correlation with both shallow and deep ??a measurements, however, correlation of point measurements of saturated hydraulic conductivity, percent fines, and cylinder infiltrometer measurements with ??a and RCP was generally poor. The poor correlation was probably caused by the relatively large measurement volume and spatial averaging of ??a compared with the spatially-limited point measurements. Because of the comparatively large spatial extent of measurement transects and variety of data types collected, RCP estimates can give a more complete picture of the major factors affecting recharge at a site than is possible through point or borehole-averaged estimates of hydraulic permeability alone. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.06.028","usgsCitation":"Callegary, J., Leenhouts, J., Paretti, N., and Jones, C.A., 2007, Rapid estimation of recharge potential in ephemeral-stream channels using electromagnetic methods, and measurements of channel and vegetation characteristics: Journal of Hydrology, v. 344, no. 1-2, p. 17-31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.06.028.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"344","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94dbe4b0c8380cd8166a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Callegary, J.B.","contributorId":71769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callegary","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leenhouts, J.M.","contributorId":103861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenhouts","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paretti, N.V.","contributorId":16226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paretti","given":"N.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Christopher A. chrisj@usgs.gov","contributorId":47478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Christopher","email":"chrisj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35993,"text":"Hydrologic Investigations and Research Section","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031049,"text":"70031049 - 2007 - Coccidioides niches and habitat parameters in the southwestern United States: A matter of scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70031049","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Coccidioides niches and habitat parameters in the southwestern United States: A matter of scale","docAbstract":"To determine habitat attributes and processes suitable for the growth of Coccidioides, soils were collected from sites in Arizona, California, and Utah where Coccidioides is known to have been present. Humans or animals or both have been infected by Coccidioides at all of the sites. Soil variables considered in the upper 20 cm of the soil profile included pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, selected anions, texture, mineralogy, vegetation types and density, and the overall geomorphologic and ecological settings. Thermometerswere buried to determine the temperature range in the upper part of the soil where Coccidioides is often found. With the exception of temperature regimes and soil textures, it is striking that none of the other variables or group of variables that might be definitive are indicative of the presence of Coccidioides. Vegetation ranges from sparse to relatively thick cover in lower Sonoran deserts, Chaparral-upper Sonoran brush and grasslands, and Mediterranean savannas and forested foothills. No particular grass, shrub, or forb is definitive. Material classified as very fine sand and silt is abundant in all of the Coccidioides-bearing soils and may be their most common shared feature. Clays are not abundant (less than 10%). All of the examined soil locations are noteworthy as generally 50% of the individuals who were exposed to the dust or were excavating dirt at the sites were infected. Coccidioides has persisted in the soil at a site in Dinosaur National Monument, Utah for 37 years and at a Tucson, Arizona site for 41 years. ?? 2007 New York Academy of Sciences.","largerWorkTitle":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","language":"English","doi":"10.1196/annals.1406.031","issn":"00778923","isbn":"1573316881; 9781573316880","usgsCitation":"Fisher, F., Bultman, M., Johnson, S., Pappagianis, D., and Zaborsky, E., 2007, Coccidioides niches and habitat parameters in the southwestern United States: A matter of scale, in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 1111, p. 47-72, https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1406.031.","startPage":"47","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211645,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1406.031"},{"id":238972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1111","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f79ae4b0c8380cd4cbdf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"ClemonsLaniado-LaborinStevens","contributorId":128430,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"ClemonsLaniado-LaborinStevens","id":536657,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, F. S.","contributorId":36149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"F. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bultman, M.W.","contributorId":107306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bultman","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, S.M.","contributorId":52214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pappagianis, D.","contributorId":106662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pappagianis","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zaborsky, E.","contributorId":90534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaborsky","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031744,"text":"70031744 - 2007 - Ultraviolet radiation and bio-optics in Crater Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T09:57:03","indexId":"70031744","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ultraviolet radiation and bio-optics in Crater Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"Crater Lake, Oregon, is a mid-latitude caldera lake famous for its depth (594 m) and blue color. Recent underwater spectral measurements of solar radiation (300-800 nm) support earlier observations of unusual transparency and extend these to UV-B wavelengths. New data suggest that penetration of solar UVR into Crater Lake has a significant ecological impact. Evidence includes a correlation between water column chlorophyll-a and stratospheric ozone since 1984, the scarcity of organisms in the upper water column, and apparent UV screening pigments in phytoplankton that vary with depth. The lowest UV-B diffuse attenuation coefficients (K d,320) were similar to those reported for the clearest natural waters elsewhere, and were lower than estimates for pure water published in 1981. Optical proxies for UVR attenuation were correlated with chlorophyll-a concentration (0-30 m) during typical dry summer months from 1984 to 2002. Using all proxies and measurements of UV transparency, decadal and longer cycles were apparent but no long-term trend since the first optical measurement in 1896. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10750-006-0348-0","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Hargreaves, B., Girdner, S., Buktenica, M., Collier, R., Urbach, E., and Larson, G., 2007, Ultraviolet radiation and bio-optics in Crater Lake, Oregon: Hydrobiologia, v. 574, no. 1, p. 107-140, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0348-0.","startPage":"107","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212280,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0348-0"}],"volume":"574","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc0de4b08c986b3289d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hargreaves, B.R.","contributorId":71391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hargreaves","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Girdner, S.F.","contributorId":71773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Girdner","given":"S.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buktenica, M.W.","contributorId":68263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buktenica","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collier, R.W.","contributorId":98547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collier","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Urbach, E.","contributorId":78568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urbach","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larson, G.L.","contributorId":103021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031996,"text":"70031996 - 2007 - February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the bora over the northern Adriatic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031996","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the bora over the northern Adriatic","docAbstract":"A winter oceanographic field experiment provided an opportunity to examine the atmospheric marine conditions over the northern Adriatic. Mean February winds are from a northeasterly direction over most of the Adriatic and a more northerly direction along the western coast. Wind speeds are fastest in jets over the NE coast during bora events and weakest in the mid-northwestern Adriatic. Diurnal air temperature cycles are smallest on the NE coast and largest in the midwestern Adriatic. The maximum sea-air difference is +10??C on the eastern coast and near zero on the midwestern Adriatic. Boras are northeasterly (from) wind events that sweep off Croatia and Slovenia, bringing slightly colder and drier air over the northern Adriatic. The main bora season is December to March. Winter 2002-2003 was normal for bora events. Synoptic-scale temporal variations are correlated over the northern Adriatic. Fastest Bora winds and highest wind stress over the northern Adriatic is concentrated in four topographically controlled jets. The strongest is the Senj Jet, while the Trieste Jet extends across the entire northern Adriatic. Between each two jets is a weak wind zone. The greatest mean net heat loss is in bora jets in the NE Adriatic, where it was -438 W m-2 and is weakest in the midwestern northern Adriatic, where it was near zero. Wind stress is concentrated over the NE half of Adriatic in four bora jets, while wind stress is weak in the NW Adriatic. There is significant variation in wind stress mean and standard deviation structure over the northern Adriatic with each bora event. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JC003134","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Dorman, C., Carniel, S., Cavaleri, L., Sclavo, M., Chiggiato, J., Doyle, J., Haack, T., Pullen, J., Grbec, B., Vilibic, I., Janekovic, I., Lee, C., Malacic, V., Orlic, M., Paschini, E., Russo, A., and Signell, R.P., 2007, February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the bora over the northern Adriatic: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 112, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003134.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477171,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jc003134","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214900,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003134"},{"id":242658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f46e4b0c8380cd5384b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorman, C.E.","contributorId":19387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorman","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carniel, S.","contributorId":47504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carniel","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cavaleri, L.","contributorId":37163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cavaleri","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sclavo, M.","contributorId":22980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sclavo","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chiggiato, J.","contributorId":47065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiggiato","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Doyle, J.","contributorId":74219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haack, T.","contributorId":89366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pullen, J.","contributorId":34339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pullen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Grbec, B.","contributorId":78570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grbec","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Vilibic, I.","contributorId":43995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vilibic","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Janekovic, I.","contributorId":69796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janekovic","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lee, C.","contributorId":72217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Malacic, V.","contributorId":31594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malacic","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Orlic, M.","contributorId":65681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlic","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Paschini, E.","contributorId":94120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paschini","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Russo, A.","contributorId":104720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russo","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Signell, R. P.","contributorId":89147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70031664,"text":"70031664 - 2007 - Growth rate differences between resident native brook trout and non-native brown trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031664","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth rate differences between resident native brook trout and non-native brown trout","docAbstract":"Between species and across season variation in growth was examined by tagging and recapturing individual brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and brown trout Salmo trutta across seasons in a small stream (West Brook, Massachusetts, U.S.A.). Detailed information on body size and growth are presented to (1) test whether the two species differed in growth within seasons and (2) characterize the seasonal growth patterns for two age classes of each species. Growth differed between species in nearly half of the season- and age-specific comparisons. When growth differed, non-native brown trout grew faster than native brook trout in all but one comparison. Moreover, species differences were most pronounced when overall growth was high during the spring and early summer. These growth differences resulted in size asymmetries that were sustained over the duration of the study. A literature survey also indicated that non-native salmonids typically grow faster than native salmonids when the two occur in sympatry. Taken together, these results suggest that differences in growth are not uncommon for coexisting native and non-native salmonids. ?? 2007 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01615.x","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"Carlson, S., Hendry, A., and Letcher, B., 2007, Growth rate differences between resident native brook trout and non-native brown trout: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 71, no. 5, p. 1430-1447, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01615.x.","startPage":"1430","endPage":"1447","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240045,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212545,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01615.x"}],"volume":"71","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dffe4b0c8380cd5c1fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, S.M.","contributorId":105917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendry, A.P.","contributorId":89351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendry","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Letcher, B. H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":48132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"B.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033643,"text":"70033643 - 2007 - Characterization of microtopography and its influence on vegetation patterns in created wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T19:16:52.949649","indexId":"70033643","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of microtopography and its influence on vegetation patterns in created wetlands","docAbstract":"

Created wetlands are increasingly used to mitigate wetland loss. Thus, identifying wetland creation methods that enhance ecosystem development might increase the likelihood of mitigation success. Noting that the microtopographic variation found in natural wetland settings may not commonly be found in created wetlands, this study explores relationships between induced microtopography, hydrology, and plant species richness/diversity in non-tidal freshwater wetlands, comparing results from two created wetland complexes with those from a mature reference wetland complex in northern Virginia. Elevation, steel rod oxidation depth, and species cover were measured along replicate multiscale (0.5 m-, 1 m-, 2 m-, and 4 m-diameter) tangentially conjoined circular transects in each wetland. Microtopography was surveyed using a total station and results used to derive three roughness indices: tortuosity, limiting slope, and limiting elevation difference. Steel rod oxidation depth was used to estimate water table depth, with data collected four times during the growing season for each study site. Plant species cover was estimated visually in 0.2 m2 plots surveyed at peak growth and used to assess species richness, diversity, and wetland prevalence index. Differences in each attribute were examined among disked and non-disked created wetlands and compared to a natural wetland as a reference. Disked and non-disked created wetlands differed in microtopography, both in terms of limiting elevation difference and tortuosity. However, both were within the range of microtopography encompassed by natural wetlands. Disked wetlands supported higher plant diversity and species richness than either natural or non-disked wetlands, as well as greater within-site species assemblage variability than non-disked wetlands. Irrespective of creation method, plant diversity in created wetlands was correlated with tortuosity and limiting elevation difference, similar to correlations observed for natural wetlands. Vegetation was more hydrophytic at disked sites than at non-disked sites, and of equivalent wetland indicator status to natural sites, even though all sites appeared comparable in terms of hydrology. Results suggest that disking may enhance vegetation community development, thus better supporting the goals of wetland mitigation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[1081:COMAII]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Moser, K., Ahn, C., and Noe, G.E., 2007, Characterization of microtopography and its influence on vegetation patterns in created wetlands: Wetlands, v. 27, no. 4, p. 1081-1097, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[1081:COMAII]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1081","endPage":"1097","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.62321472167969,\n 38.656560576727024\n ],\n [\n -76.9097900390625,\n 38.656560576727024\n ],\n [\n -76.9097900390625,\n 39.05651736286005\n ],\n [\n -77.62321472167969,\n 39.05651736286005\n ],\n [\n -77.62321472167969,\n 38.656560576727024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4d1e4b0c8380cd4bf42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moser, K.","contributorId":63607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahn, C.","contributorId":22589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahn","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031656,"text":"70031656 - 2007 - Sandy signs of a tsunami's onshore depth and speed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T11:54:22","indexId":"70031656","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sandy signs of a tsunami's onshore depth and speed","docAbstract":"

Tsunamis rank among the most devastating and unpredictable natural hazards to affect coastal areas. Just 3 years ago, in December 2004, the Indian Ocean tsunami caused more than 225,000 deaths. Like many extreme events, however, destructive tsunamis strike rarely enough that written records span too little time to quantify tsunami hazard and risk. Tsunami deposits preserved in the geologic record have been used to extend the record of tsunami occurrence but not the magnitude of past events. To quantify tsunami hazard further, we asked the following question: Can ancient deposits also provide guidance on the expectable water depths and speeds for future tsunamis?

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2007EO520001","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Huntington, K., Bourgeois, J., Gelfenbaum, G., Lynett, P., Jaffe, B., Yeh, H., and Weiss, R., 2007, Sandy signs of a tsunami's onshore depth and speed: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 88, no. 52, p. 577-578, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007EO520001.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"578","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476945,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007eo520001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212448,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007EO520001"}],"volume":"88","issue":"52","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86afe4b08c986b316093","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntington, K.","contributorId":66605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bourgeois, J.","contributorId":65771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bourgeois","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.","contributorId":72429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lynett, P.","contributorId":47981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynett","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaffe, B.","contributorId":78517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yeh, H.","contributorId":82621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeh","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weiss, R.","contributorId":13902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031632,"text":"70031632 - 2007 - Forcing of large-scale cycles of coastal change at the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-12T11:23:42.223421","indexId":"70031632","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forcing of large-scale cycles of coastal change at the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington","docAbstract":"

Anomalous morphological features within large estuaries may be: (1) recorders of external forces that periodically overwhelm the normal morphodynamic responses to estuarine energy fluxes, and (2) possible predictors of cycles of future coastal change. At the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington, chronic beach erosion and frequent coastal flooding are related to the historical northward channel migration that destroyed the protective sand spits of Cape Shoalwater. Northward channel migration since the late 1800s conforms to the long-term net sediment transport direction. What requires explanation is periodic southward relocation of the trunk channel by as much as 5 km, and attendant construction of moderately large sand spits on the north side of the bay such as Kindred Island, Tokeland Peninsula, and Cape Shoalwater.

\n
\n

Both autocyclic and allocyclic processes may have been responsible for trunk channel realignment and associated spit deposition. Channel recycling may occur when the main channel becomes overextended to the north and the tidal flow is inefficient because of its decreased gradient and increased susceptibility to shoaling by the growth and migration of tidal sand ridges. Under those conditions trunk channel relocation would be facilitated by increased wave heights and water levels of El Niño winter storms. However, co-seismic subsidence is the most likely mechanism for abruptly increasing sand supply and longshore transport that would favor discrete periods of channel relocation and spit deposition. Unless external forcing changes sand supply and predominant sediment transport directions in the future, the relative rise in sea level, frequent winter storms, and local deficit in the sand budget assure that beach erosion will continue at the mouth of this large estuary.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2007.07.008","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., Clifton, H.E., Buster, N.A., Peterson, R.L., and Gelfenbaum, G., 2007, Forcing of large-scale cycles of coastal change at the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington: Marine Geology, v. 246, no. 1, p. 24-41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2007.07.008.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240113,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Willapa Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.166667,46.583333 ], [ -124.166667,46.75 ], [ -124.0,46.75 ], [ -124.0,46.583333 ], [ -124.166667,46.583333 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"246","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a130de4b0c8380cd544d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":88333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clifton, H. Edward","contributorId":46503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buster, Noreen A. 0000-0001-5069-9284 nbuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5069-9284","contributorId":3750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buster","given":"Noreen","email":"nbuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, Russell L.","contributorId":55045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}