{"pageNumber":"2374","pageRowStart":"59325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185071,"records":[{"id":70029946,"text":"70029946 - 2007 - Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-28T12:07:59.381307","indexId":"70029946","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan","docAbstract":"<p>A 3-D, time-dependent, baroclinic, hydrodynamic and salinity model was implemented and applied to the Danshuei River estuarine system and the adjacent coastal sea in Taiwan. The model forcing functions consist of tidal elevations along the open boundaries and freshwater inflows from the main stream and major tributaries in the Danshuei River estuarine system. The bottom friction coefficient was adjusted to achieve model calibration and verification in model simulations of barotropic and baroclinic flows. The turbulent diffusivities were ascertained through comparison of simulated salinity time series with observations. The model simulation results are in qualitative agreement with the available field data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Liu, W., Chen, W., Cheng, R.T., Hsu, M., and Kuo, A., 2007, Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan: Continental Shelf Research, v. 27, no. 7, p. 900-921, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"900","endPage":"921","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212896,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005"},{"id":240461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Taiwan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[121.77782,24.39427],[121.17563,22.79086],[120.74708,21.97057],[120.22008,22.81486],[120.10619,23.55626],[120.69468,24.53845],[121.49504,25.29546],[121.95124,24.9976],[121.77782,24.39427]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Taiwan\"}}]}","volume":"27","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c48e4b0c8380cd6fb74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, W.-C.","contributorId":9468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"W.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, W.-B.","contributorId":62413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"W.-B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hsu, M.-H.","contributorId":28074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsu","given":"M.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuo, A.Y.","contributorId":60444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuo","given":"A.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029945,"text":"70029945 - 2007 - Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T21:52:28.503504","indexId":"70029945","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2567,"text":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Utility of R<sub>0</sub> as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","title":"Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Early theoretical work on disease invasion typically assumed large and well-mixed host populations. Many human and wildlife systems, however, have small groups with limited movement among groups. In these situations, the basic reproductive number,&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><sub>0</sub><span>, is likely to be a poor predictor of a disease pandemic because it typically does not account for group structure and movement of individuals among groups. We extend recent work by combining the movement of hosts, transmission within groups, recovery from infection and the recruitment of new susceptibles into a stochastic model of disease in a host metapopulation. We focus on how recruitment of susceptibles affects disease invasion and how population structure can affect the frequency of superspreading events (SSEs). We show that the frequency of SSEs may decrease with the reduced movement and the group sizes due to the limited number of susceptible individuals available. Classification tree analysis of the model results illustrates the hierarchical nature of disease invasion in host metapopulations. First, the pathogen must effectively transmit within a group (</span><i>R</i><sub>0</sub><span>&gt;1), and then the pathogen must persist within a group long enough to allow for movement among the groups. Therefore, the factors affecting disease persistence—such as infectious period, group size and recruitment of new susceptibles—are as important as the local transmission rates in predicting the spread of pathogens across a metapopulation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society","doi":"10.1098/rsif.2006.0185","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Johnson, P., Lloyd-Smith, J., and Getz, W.M., 2007, Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations: Journal of the Royal Society Interface, v. 4, no. 13, p. 315-324, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0185.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"324","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0185","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240460,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0cde4b08c986b32a317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Philip L.","contributorId":31810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Philip L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lloyd-Smith, James O.","contributorId":31354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd-Smith","given":"James O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Getz, Wayne M.","contributorId":201830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Getz","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36267,"text":"Dept of Environmental Science, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029943,"text":"70029943 - 2007 - Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029943","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana","docAbstract":"Human use of pharmaceuticals results in the excretion and disposal of compounds that become part of municipal and domestic waste streams. On-site waste water disposal and leaking city sewer systems can provide avenues for the migration of effluent to the underlying aquifers. This research assessed the occurrence and persistence of 22 target pharmaceuticals in septic tank effluent and two shallow, coarse-grained aquifers in western Montana. Twelve compounds (acetaminophen, caffeine, codeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, erythromycin-18, nicotine, paraxanthine, ranitidine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and warfarin) were detected in a high school septic tank effluent. Three of the 12 compounds, carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and nicotine, were detected in the underlying sand and gravel aquifer after effluent percolation through a 2.0-m thick sand vadose zone. Sampling of a second sand, gravel, and cobble dominated unconfined aquifer, partially overlain by septic systems and a city sewer system, revealed the presence of caffeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, nicotine, and trimethoprim. The presence of carbamazepine and sulfamethoxazole in these aquifers appears to correlate with local usage based on a reported monthly prescription volume. This work highlights the need for expanding geochemical investigations of sewage waste impacted ground water systems to include sampling for selected pharmaceuticals. ?? 2007 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Godfrey, E., Woessner, W., and Benotti, M., 2007, Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 3, p. 263-271, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x.","startPage":"263","endPage":"271","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x"},{"id":240394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a786ee4b0c8380cd786c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godfrey, E.","contributorId":9865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godfrey","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woessner, W.W.","contributorId":76945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woessner","given":"W.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benotti, M.J.","contributorId":21750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benotti","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029942,"text":"70029942 - 2007 - Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-09T12:31:09","indexId":"70029942","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate","docAbstract":"Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat of sI methane hydrate were measured as functions of temperature and pressure using a needle probe technique. The temperature dependence was measured between −20°C and 17°C at 31.5 MPa. The pressure dependence was measured between 31.5 and 102 MPa at 14.4°C. Only weak temperature and pressure dependencies were observed. Methane hydrate thermal conductivity differs from that of water by less than 10 per cent, too little to provide a sensitive measure of hydrate content in water-saturated systems. Thermal diffusivity of methane hydrate is more than twice that of water, however, and its specific heat is about half that of water. Thus, when drilling into or through hydrate-rich sediment, heat from the borehole can raise the formation temperature more than 20 per cent faster than if the formation's pore space contains only water. Thermal properties of methane hydrate should be considered in safety and economic assessments of hydrate-bearing sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03382.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Stern, L., Kirby, S.H., Winters, W., and Mason, D., 2007, Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate: Geophysical Journal International, v. 169, no. 2, p. 767-774, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03382.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"774","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03382.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90d2e4b08c986b31968b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, W.F.","contributorId":40329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stern, L.A.","contributorId":38293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mason, D.H.","contributorId":93952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029939,"text":"70029939 - 2007 - Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029939","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal","docAbstract":"The 4-year drawdown of Horsetooth Reservoir, Colorado, for dam maintenance, provides a case study analog of vegetation response on sediment that might be exposed from removal of a tall dam. Early vegetation recovery on the exposed reservoir bottom was a combination of (1) vegetation colonization on bare, moist substrates typical of riparian zones and reservoir sediment of shallow dams and (2) a shift in moisture status from mesic to the xeric conditions associated with the pre-impoundment upland position of most of the drawdown zone. Plant communities changed rapidly during the first four years of exposure, but were still substantially different from the background upland plant community. Predictions from the recruitment box model about the locations of Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera (plains cottonwood) seedlings relative to the water surface were qualitatively confirmed with respect to optimum locations. However, the extreme vertical range of water surface elevations produced cottonwood seed regeneration well outside the predicted limits of drawdown rate and height above late summer stage. The establishment and survival of cottonwood at high elevations and the differences between the upland plant community and the community that had developed after four years of exposure suggest that vegetation recovery following tall dam removal will follow a trajectory very different from a simple reversal of the response to dam construction, involving not only long time scales of establishment and growth of upland vegetation, but also possibly decades of persistence of legacy vegetation established during the reservoir to upland transition. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Auble, G., Shafroth, P., Scott, M.L., and Roelle, J.E., 2007, Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal: Environmental Management, v. 39, no. 6, p. 806-818, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z.","startPage":"806","endPage":"818","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477135,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212783,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z"},{"id":240321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0492e4b0c8380cd50a76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Auble, G.T.","contributorId":19505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shafroth, P.B.","contributorId":65041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, M. L.","contributorId":75090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"M.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roelle, J. E.","contributorId":91066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029938,"text":"70029938 - 2007 - Biotransformation of caffeine, cotinine, and nicotine in stream sediments: Implications for use as wastewater indicators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T10:55:33","indexId":"70029938","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biotransformation of caffeine, cotinine, and nicotine in stream sediments: Implications for use as wastewater indicators","docAbstract":"<p>Microbially catalyzed cleavage of the imadazole ring of caffeine was observed in stream sediments collected upstream and downstream of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in three geographically separate stream systems. Microbial demethylation of the <i>N</i>-methyl component of cotinine and its metabolic precursor, nicotine, also was observed in these sediments. These findings indicate that stream sediment microorganisms are able to substantially alter the chemical structure and thus the analytical signatures of these candidate waste indicator compounds. The potential for in situ biotransformation must be considered if these compounds are employed as markers to identify the sources and track the fate of wastewater compounds in surface-water systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1897/06-483R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., Barber, L.B., Kolpin, D.W., McMahon, P.B., and Chapelle, F.H., 2007, Biotransformation of caffeine, cotinine, and nicotine in stream sediments: Implications for use as wastewater indicators: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 6, p. 1116-1121, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-483R.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1116","endPage":"1121","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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    ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1a4e4b0c8380cd4ad66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029937,"text":"70029937 - 2007 - Paleovalley fills: Trunk vs. tributary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029937","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleovalley fills: Trunk vs. tributary","docAbstract":"A late Mississippian-early Pennsylvanian eustatic sea level drop resulted in a complex lowstand drainage network being eroded across the Illinois Basin in the eastern United States. This drainage system was filled during the early part of the Pennsylvanian. Distinct differences can be recognized between the trunk and tributary paleovalley fills. Fills preserved within the trunk systems tend to be fluvially dominated and consist of bed-load deposits of coarse- to medium-grained sandstone and conglomerate. Conversely, the incised valleys of tributary systems tend to be filled with dark mudstone, thinly interbedded sandstones, and mudstones and siltstones. These finer grained facies exhibit marine influences manifested by tidal rhythmites, certain traces fossils, and macro- and microfauna. Examples of tributary and trunk systems, separated by no more than 7 km (4.3 mi) along strike, exhibit these styles of highly contrasting fills. Useful analogs for understanding this Pennsylvanian system include the Quaternary glacial sluiceways present in the lower Ohio, White, and Wabash river valleys of Indiana (United States) and the modern Amazon River (Brazil). Both the Amazon River and the Quaternary rivers of Indiana have (or had) trunk rivers that are (were) dominated by large quantities of bed load relative to their tributaries. The trunk valley systems of these analogs aggraded much more rapidly than their tributary valleys, which evolved into lakes because depositional rates along the trunk are (were) so high that the mouths of the tributaries have been dammed by bed-load deposits. These Holocene systems illustrate that sediment yields can significantly influence the nature of fill successions within incised valleys independent of rates of sea level changes or proximity to highstand coastlines. Copyright ?? 2007. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/11060606022","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Kvale, E., and Archer, A., 2007, Paleovalley fills: Trunk vs. tributary: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 91, no. 6, p. 809-821, https://doi.org/10.1306/11060606022.","startPage":"809","endPage":"821","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212750,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/11060606022"},{"id":240286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a745fe4b0c8380cd775ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvale, E.P.","contributorId":76076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvale","given":"E.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archer, A.W.","contributorId":8620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archer","given":"A.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030120,"text":"70030120 - 2007 - Habitat relationships of birds overwintering in a managed coastal prairie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70030120","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat relationships of birds overwintering in a managed coastal prairie","docAbstract":"Grassland birds are considered to be rapidly declining in North America. Management approaches for grassland birds frequently rely on prescribed burning to maintain habitat in suitable condition. We evaluated the relationships among years since burn, vegetation structure, and overwintering grassland bird abundance in coastal prairie. Le Conte's Sparrows (Ammodramus leconteii) were most common in areas that had: (1) been burned within the previous 2 years, (2) medium density herbaceous vegetation, and (3) sparse shrub densities. Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) were associated with areas: (1) burned within 1 year, (2) with sparse herbaceous vegetation, and (3) with sparse shrub densities. Sedge Wrens (Cistothorus platensis) were most common in areas that had: (1) burned greater than 2 years prior and (2) dense herbaceous vegetation. Swamp Sparrows (Melospiza georgiana): (1) were most common in areas of dense shrubs, (2) not related to time since burnings, and (3) demonstrated no relationship to herbaceous vegetation densities. The relationships to fire histories for all four bird species could be explained by the associated vegetation characteristics indicating the need for a mosaic of burn rotations and modest levels of woody vegetation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/05-129.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, H., Grace, J., Barrow, W., and Rohwer, F., 2007, Habitat relationships of birds overwintering in a managed coastal prairie: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 119, no. 2, p. 189-197, https://doi.org/10.1676/05-129.1.","startPage":"189","endPage":"197","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212993,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/05-129.1"},{"id":240569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f1ae4b0c8380cd5cab7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldwin, H.Q.","contributorId":27680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"H.Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrow, W.C. Jr. 0000-0003-4671-2823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":11183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"W.C.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rohwer, F.C.","contributorId":26043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohwer","given":"F.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029936,"text":"70029936 - 2007 - Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029936","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":914,"text":"Astronomical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims","docAbstract":"During the summer of 2005, the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed a series of occultations of the star o Ceti (Mira) by Saturn's rings. These observations revealed pronounced variations in the optical depth of the A ring with longitude, which can be attributed to oriented structures in the rings known as self-gravity wakes. While the wakes themselves are only tens of meters across and below the resolution of the measurements, we are able to obtain information about the orientation and shapes of these structures by comparing the observed transmission at different longitudes with predictions from a simple model. Our findings include the following: (1) The orientation of the wakes varies systematically with radius, trailing by between 64?? and 72?? relative to the local radial direction. (2) The maximum transmission peaks at roughly 8% for B = 3.45?? in the middle A ring (???129,000 km). (3) Both the wake orientation and maximum transmission vary anomalously in the vicinity of two strong density waves (Janus 5:4 and Mimas 5:3). (4) The ratio of the wake vertical thickness H to the wake pattern wavelength ?? (assuming infinite, straight, regularly-spaced wake structures) varies from 0.12 to 0.09 across the A ring. Gravitational instability theory predicts ?? ??? 60 m, which suggests that the wake structures in the A ring are only ???6 m thick. ?? 2007. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Astronomical Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/516828","issn":"00046256","usgsCitation":"Hedman, M., Nicholson, P.D., Salo, H., Wallis, B., Buratti, B.J., Baines, K.H., Brown, R.H., and Clark, R.N., 2007, Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims: Astronomical Journal, v. 133, no. 6, p. 2624-2629, https://doi.org/10.1086/516828.","startPage":"2624","endPage":"2629","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477119,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/516828","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212749,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/516828"},{"id":240285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d00e4b08c986b318214","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedman, M.M.","contributorId":91694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedman","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salo, H.","contributorId":79303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salo","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallis, B.D.","contributorId":88562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70030139,"text":"70030139 - 2007 - Distribution and abundance of burrowing mayflies (<i>Hexagenia</i> spp.) in Lake Erie, 1997-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-02T09:18:30","indexId":"70030139","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of burrowing mayflies (<i>Hexagenia</i> spp.) in Lake Erie, 1997-2005","docAbstract":"<p><span>Burrowing mayflies (</span><i>Hexagenia limbata</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>H. rigida</i><span>) recolonized sediments of the western basin of Lake Erie in the 1990s following decades of pollution abatement. We predicted that&nbsp;</span><i>Hexagenia</i><span>would also disperse eastward or expand from existing localized populations and colonize large regions of the other basins. We sampled zoobenthos in parts of the western and central basins yearly from 1997&ndash;2005, along the north shore of the eastern basin in 2001&ndash;2002, and throughout the lake in 2004. In the island area of the western basin,&nbsp;</span><i>Hexagenia</i><span>&nbsp;was present at densities &le;1,278 nymphs/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>and exhibited higher densities in odd years than even years. By contrast,&nbsp;</span><i>Hexagenia</i><span>&nbsp;became more widespread in the central basin from 1997&ndash;2000 at densities &le;48 nymphs/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;but was mostly absent from 2001&ndash;2005. Nymphs were found along an eastern basin transect at densities &le;382/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;in 2001 and 2002. During the 2004 lake-wide survey,&nbsp;</span><i>Hexagenia</i><span>&nbsp;was found at 63 of 89 stations situated throughout the western basin (&le;1,636 nymphs/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>, mean = 195 nymphs/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>, SE = 32, N = 89) but at only 7 of 112 central basin stations, all near the western edge of the basin (&le;708 nymphs/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>), and was not found in the eastern basin.&nbsp;</span><i>Hexagenia</i><span>&nbsp;was found at 2 of 62 stations (&le;91 nymphs/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) in harbors, marinas, and tributaries along the south shore of the central basin in 2005. Oxygen depletion at the sediment-water interface and cool temperatures in the hypolimnion are probably the primary factors preventing successful establishment throughout much of the central basin.&nbsp;</span><i>Hexagenia</i><span>&nbsp;can be a useful indicator of lake quality where its distribution and abundance are limited by anthropogenic causes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[20:DAAOBM]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Krieger, K., Bur, M., Ciborowski, J., Barton, D., and Schloesser, D.W., 2007, Distribution and abundance of burrowing mayflies (<i>Hexagenia</i> spp.) in Lake Erie, 1997-2005: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. Supplement 1, p. 20-33, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[20:DAAOBM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a025ee4b0c8380cd5000d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krieger, K.A.","contributorId":69748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bur, M.T.","contributorId":58215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bur","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ciborowski, J.J.H.","contributorId":96901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciborowski","given":"J.J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barton, D.R.","contributorId":86174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schloesser, D. W.","contributorId":9598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029933,"text":"70029933 - 2007 - Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029933","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas","docAbstract":"The effects of fire on vegetation vary based on the properties and amount of existing biomass (or fuel) in a forest stand, weather conditions, and topography. Identifying controls over the spatial patterning of fire-induced vegetation change, or fire severity, is critical in understanding fire as a landscape scale process. We use gridded estimates of fire severity, derived from Landsat ETM+ imagery, to identify the biotic and abiotic factors contributing to the observed spatial patterns of fire severity in two large natural fires. Regression tree analysis indicates the importance of weather, topography, and vegetation variables in explaining fire severity patterns between the two fires. Relative humidity explained the highest proportion of total sum of squares throughout the Hoover fire (Yosemite National Park, 2001). The lowest fire severity corresponded with increased relative humidity. For the Williams fire (Sequoia/Kings Canyon National Parks, 2003) dominant vegetation type explains the highest proportion of sum of squares. Dominant vegetation was also important in determining fire severity throughout the Hoover fire. In both fires, forest stands that were dominated by lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) burned at highest severity, while red fir (Abies magnifica) stands corresponded with the lowest fire severities. There was evidence in both fires that lower wind speed corresponded with higher fire severity, although the highest fire severity in the Williams fire occurred during increased wind speed. Additionally, in the vegetation types that were associated with lower severity, burn severity was lowest when the time since last fire was fewer than 11 and 17 years for the Williams and Hoover fires, respectively. Based on the factors and patterns identified, managers can anticipate the effects of management ignited and naturally ignited fires at the forest stand and the landscape levels. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Collins, B., Kelly, M., van Wagtendonk, J., and Stephens, S., 2007, Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas: Landscape Ecology, v. 22, no. 4, p. 545-557, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5.","startPage":"545","endPage":"557","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212690,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b949de4b08c986b31abad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, B.M.","contributorId":33925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, M.","contributorId":39585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Wagtendonk, J. W.","contributorId":85111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Wagtendonk","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stephens, S.L.","contributorId":85694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031226,"text":"70031226 - 2007 - Bed forms created by simulated waves and currents in a large flume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-02T09:39:52","indexId":"70031226","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bed forms created by simulated waves and currents in a large flume","docAbstract":"<p>The morphology and evolution of bed forms created by combinations of waves and currents were investigated using an oscillating plate in a 4-m-wide flume. Current speed ranged from 0 to 30 cm/s, maximum oscillatory velocity ranged from 20 to 48 cm/s, oscillation period was 8 s (except for one run with 12 s period), and the median grain size was 0.27 mm. The angle between oscillations and current was 90°, 60°, or 45°. At the end of each run the sand bed was photographed and ripple dimensions were measured. Ripple wavelength was also determined from sonar images collected throughout the runs. Increasing the ratio of current to wave (i.e., oscillatory) velocity decreased ripple height and wavelength, in part because of the increased fluid excursion during the wave period. Increasing the ratio of current to waves, or decreasing the angle between current and waves, increased the three-dimensionality of bed forms. During the runs, ripple wavelength increased by a factor of about 2. The average number of wave periods for evolution of ripple wavelength to 90% of its final value was 184 for two-dimensional ripples starting from a flat bed. Bed form orientations at the end of each run were compared to four potential controlling factors: the directions of waves, current, maximum instantaneous bed shear stress, and maximum gross bed form normal transport (MGBNT). The directions of waves and of MGBNT were equally good predictors of bed form orientations, and were significantly better than the other two factors.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2006JC003942","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Lacy, J.R., Rubin, D.M., Ikeda, H., Mokudai, K., and Hanes, D.M., 2007, Bed forms created by simulated waves and currents in a large flume: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 112, no. C10, C10018; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003942.","productDescription":"C10018; 18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477251,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jc003942","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211311,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003942"},{"id":238580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"C10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f03be4b0c8380cd4a675","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172 jlacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":3158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"jlacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, David M. 0000-0003-1169-1452 drubin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-1452","contributorId":3159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"David","email":"drubin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ikeda, Hiroshi","contributorId":78350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ikeda","given":"Hiroshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mokudai, Kuniyasu","contributorId":15402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mokudai","given":"Kuniyasu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanes, Daniel M.","contributorId":96360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030111,"text":"70030111 - 2007 - Structure of the California Coast Ranges and San Andreas Fault at SAFOD from seismic waveform inversion and reflection imaging","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-04T11:15:47.64567","indexId":"70030111","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure of the California Coast Ranges and San Andreas Fault at SAFOD from seismic waveform inversion and reflection imaging","docAbstract":"<div class=\"\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><span class=\"paraNumber\">[1]<span>&nbsp;</span></span>A seismic reflection and refraction survey across the San Andreas Fault (SAF) near Parkfield provides a detailed characterization of crustal structure across the location of the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD). Steep-dip prestack migration and frequency domain acoustic waveform tomography were applied to obtain highly resolved images of the upper 5 km of the crust for 15 km on either side of the SAF. The resulting velocity model constrains the top of the Salinian granite with great detail. Steep-dip reflection seismic images show several strong-amplitude vertical reflectors in the uppermost crust near SAFOD that define an ∼2-km-wide zone comprising the main SAF and two or more local faults. Another prominent subvertical reflector at 2–4 km depth ∼9 km to the northeast of the SAF marks the boundary between the Franciscan terrane and the Great Valley Sequence. A deep seismic section of low resolution shows several reflectors in the Salinian crust west of the SAF. Two horizontal reflectors around 10 km depth correlate with strains of seismicity observed along-strike of the SAF. They represent midcrustal shear zones partially decoupling the ductile lower crust from the brittle upper crust. The deepest reflections from ∼25 km depth are interpreted as crust-mantle boundary.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004611","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Bleibinhaus, F., Hole, J., Ryberg, T., and Fuis, G., 2007, Structure of the California Coast Ranges and San Andreas Fault at SAFOD from seismic waveform inversion and reflection imaging: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 6, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004611.","productDescription":"15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477056,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004611","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240437,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9c5be4b08c986b31d3c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bleibinhaus, F.","contributorId":77736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleibinhaus","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hole, J.A.","contributorId":103422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hole","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryberg, T.","contributorId":91643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029930,"text":"70029930 - 2007 - Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029930","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States","docAbstract":"The classification of fish species tolerance to environmental disturbance is often used as a means to assess ecosystem conditions. Its use, however, may be problematic because the approach to tolerance classification is based on subjective judgment. We analyzed fish and physicochemical data from 773 stream sites collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program to calculate tolerance indicator values for 10 physicochemical variables using weighted averaging. Tolerance indicator values (TIVs) for ammonia, chloride, dissolved oxygen, nitrite plus nitrate, pH, phosphorus, specific conductance, sulfate, suspended sediment, and water temperature were calculated for 105 common fish species of the United States. Tolerance indicator values for specific conductance and sulfate were correlated (rho = 0.87), and thus, fish species may be co-tolerant to these water-quality variables. We integrated TIVs for each species into an overall tolerance classification for comparisons with judgment-based tolerance classifications. Principal components analysis indicated that the distinction between tolerant and intolerant classifications was determined largely by tolerance to suspended sediment, specific conductance, chloride, and total phosphorus. Factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH may not be as important in distinguishing between tolerant and intolerant classifications, but may help to segregate species classified as moderate. Empirically derived tolerance classifications were 58.8% in agreement with judgment-derived tolerance classifications. Canonical discriminant analysis revealed that few TIVs, primarily chloride, could discriminate among judgment-derived tolerance classifications of tolerant, moderate, and intolerant. To our knowledge, this is the first empirically based understanding of fish species tolerance for stream fishes in the United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Meador, M.R., and Carlisle, D., 2007, Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States: Ecological Indicators, v. 7, no. 2, p. 329-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004.","startPage":"329","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004"},{"id":240182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91efe4b0c8380cd80559","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, D.M.","contributorId":81059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031225,"text":"70031225 - 2007 - Shell-free biomass and population dynamics of dreissenids in offshore Lake Michigan, 2001-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T09:18:11","indexId":"70031225","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shell-free biomass and population dynamics of dreissenids in offshore Lake Michigan, 2001-2003","docAbstract":"<p>The USGS-Great Lakes Science Center has collected dreissenid mussels annually from Lake Michigan since zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) became a significant portion of the bottom-trawl catch in 1999. For this study, we investigated dreissenid distribution, body mass, and recruitment at different depths in Lake Michigan during 2001-2003. The highest densities of dreissenid biomass were observed from depths of 27 to 46 m. The biomass of quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) increased exponentially during 2001-2003, while that of zebra mussels did not change significantly. Body mass (standardized for a given shell length) of both species was lowest from depths of 27 to 37m, highest from 55 to 64 m, and declined linearly at deeper depths during 2001-2003. Recruitment in 2003, as characterized by the proportion of mussels &lt; 11 mm in the catch, varied with depth and lake region. For quagga mussels, recruitment declined linearly with depth, and was highest in northern Lake Michigan. For zebra mussels, recruitment generally declined non-linearly with depth, although the pattern was different for north, mid, and southern Lake Michigan. Our analyses suggest that quagga mussels could overtake zebra mussels and become the most abundant mollusk in terms of biomass in Lake Michigan.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[536:SBAPDO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"French, J.R., Adams, J., Craig, J., Stickel, R., Nichols, S.J., and Fleischer, G., 2007, Shell-free biomass and population dynamics of dreissenids in offshore Lake Michigan, 2001-2003: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 3, p. 536-545, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[536:SBAPDO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"536","endPage":"545","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211284,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[536:SBAPDO]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e6be4b08c986b318919","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, J. R. P. III","contributorId":47574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, J.V.","contributorId":94069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Craig, J.","contributorId":70100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stickel, R.G.","contributorId":61229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nichols, S. J.","contributorId":63770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fleischer, G.W.","contributorId":33281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70029928,"text":"70029928 - 2007 - Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029928","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer","docAbstract":"Karst aquifers are uniquely vulnerable to contamination. In the Barton Springs segment of the karstic Edwards aquifer (Texas, U.S.A.), urban contaminants such as pesticides and volatile organic compounds frequently are detected in spring base flow. To determine whether contaminant concentrations change in response to storms, and if they therefore might act as tracers of focused recharge, samples were collected from Barton Springs at closely spaced intervals following three storms. Two herbicides (atrazine and simazine), two insecticides (carbaryl and diazinon), and a solvent (tetrachloroethene) described breakthrough curves over a 1-week period following one or more storms. The breakthrough curves were decomposed into two to five log-normal subcurves, which were interpreted as representing pulses of contaminants moving through the aquifer. Each subcurve could be used in the same way as an artificial tracer to determine travel time to and recovery at the spring. The contaminants have several advantages over artificial tracers: they represent the actual compounds of interest, they are injected essentially simultaneously at several points, and they are injected under those conditions when transport is of the most interest, i.e., following storms. The response of storm discharge, specific conductance, and contaminant loading at the spring depended on initial aquifer flow conditions, which varied from very low (spring discharge of 0.48??m3/s) to high (spring discharge of 2.7??m3/s): concentrations and recovery were the highest when initial aquifer flow conditions were low. This behavior provides information about aquifer structure and the influence of aquifer flow condition on transport properties. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Mahler, B., and Massei, N., 2007, Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 91, no. 1-2, p. 81-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010.","startPage":"81","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213095,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010"},{"id":240684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec58e4b0c8380cd491ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahler, B.","contributorId":32737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Massei, N.","contributorId":48347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massei","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029927,"text":"70029927 - 2007 - Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029927","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range","docAbstract":"Since their introduction to Guam shortly after World War II, brown tree snakes, Boiga irregularis (Merrem), have seriously impacted the biota and human population of the island. Understanding the biology of this exotic species will likely be important to the success of control programs. We compared the reproductive biology of 782 B. irregularis caught on Guam during the 1980s with results from published studies of native-range populations. Average and maximum sizes of mature snakes on Guam were larger than those from Australian populations. The majority of female brown tree snakes matured at snoutvent lengths (SVLs) of 910-1,025 mm, and most males matured at SVLs of 940-1,030 mm. on Guam. Based on growth rates from the early 1990s on Guam, sexual maturity is estimated to occur during a snake's third or fourth year. Only one female (0.3%) in our data set had oviductal eggs. Clutch size was estimated at 4.3 (SD = 2.2), based on large vitellogenic ovarian follicle (???30 mm in length) and oviductal egg counts. Unlike their Australian counterparts, the Guam population reproduced year-round. Our data offer insights into the likely reproductive patterns of brown tree snakes should they infest other islands in the Pacific region. ?? 2007 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00308870","usgsCitation":"Savidge, J.A., Qualls, F., and Rodda, G., 2007, Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range: Pacific Science, v. 61, no. 2, p. 191-199, https://doi.org/10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"191","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213068,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8bce4b0c8380cd85a51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qualls, F.J.","contributorId":76551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qualls","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031224,"text":"70031224 - 2007 - Drying temperature effects on fish dry mass measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T08:45:23","indexId":"70031224","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drying temperature effects on fish dry mass measurements","docAbstract":"<p>Analysis of tissue composition in fish often requires dry samples. Time needed to dry fish decreases as temperature is increased, but additional volatile material may be lost. Effects of 10??C temperature increases on percentage dry mass (%DM) were tested against 60??C controls for groups of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush, rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax, slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus, and alewife Alosa pseudoharengus. Lake trout %DMs were lower at greater temperatures, but not significantly different from 60??C controls. Rainbow smelt and slimy sculpin %DMs were lower at greater temperatures and differences were significant when test temperatures reached 90??C. Significant differences were not found in tests using alewives because variability in %DM was high between fish. To avoid inter-fish variability, 30 alewives were each dried successively at 60, 70, 80, and then 90??C and for all fish %DM declined at each higher temperature. In general, %DMs were lower at greater temperatures and after reaching a stable dry weight, fish did not lose additional mass if temperature remained constant. Results indicate that caution should be used when comparing dry mass related indices from fish dried at different temperatures because %DM was negatively related to temperature. The differences in %DM observed with rising temperature could account for substantial portions of the variability in reported energy values for the species tested. Differences in %DM means for the 60 vs. 80??C and 60 vs. 90??C tests for rainbow smelt and alewife could represent of from 8 to 38% of observed annual energy cycles for Lakes Ontario and Michigan.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[606:DTEOFD]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Lantry, B., and O'Gorman, R., 2007, Drying temperature effects on fish dry mass measurements: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 3, p. 606-616, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[606:DTEOFD]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"606","endPage":"616","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211283,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[606:DTEOFD]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0404e4b0c8380cd50743","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lantry, B.F.","contributorId":19105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantry","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Gorman, R.","contributorId":48896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Gorman","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031223,"text":"70031223 - 2007 - Uptake, elimination, and relative distribution of perchlorate in various tissues of channel catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70031223","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uptake, elimination, and relative distribution of perchlorate in various tissues of channel catfish","docAbstract":"This study was undertaken to determine the kinetics of uptake and elimination of perchlorate in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Perchlorate - an oxidizer used in solid fuel rockets, fireworks, and illuminating munitions - has been shown to effect thyroid function, causing hormone disruption and potential perturbations of metabolic activities. For the uptake study, catfish were exposed to 100 mg/L sodium perchlorate for 12 h to 5 d in the laboratory. Perchlorate in tissues was analyzed using ion chromatography. The highest perchlorate concentrations were found in the head and fillet, indicating that these tissues are the most important tissues to analyze when determining perchlorate uptake into large fish. To calculate uptake and elimination rate constants for fillet, gills, G-I tract, liver, and head, fish were exposed to 100 ppm sodium perchlorate for 5 days, and allowed to depurate in clean water for up to 20 days. The animals rapidly eliminated the perchlorate accumulated showing the highest elimination in fillet (Ke = 1.67 day -1) and lowest elimination in liver (Ke = 0.79 day -1). ?? 2007 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es071365n","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Park, J.W., Bradford, C., Rinchard, J., Liu, F., Wages, M., Waters, A., Kendall, R., Anderson, T., and Theodorakis, C., 2007, Uptake, elimination, and relative distribution of perchlorate in various tissues of channel catfish: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 21, p. 7581-7586, https://doi.org/10.1021/es071365n.","startPage":"7581","endPage":"7586","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211710,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es071365n"},{"id":239052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd7be4b08c986b329052","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Park, J. W.","contributorId":22084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, C.M.","contributorId":41217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rinchard, J.","contributorId":79290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinchard","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, F.","contributorId":14150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wages, M.","contributorId":43977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wages","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Waters, A.","contributorId":105527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waters","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kendall, R.J.","contributorId":38768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Anderson, T.A.","contributorId":77344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Theodorakis, C.W.","contributorId":71366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theodorakis","given":"C.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70030110,"text":"70030110 - 2007 - Suspended sediment transport in an ephemeral stream following wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-03T11:40:18.33254","indexId":"70030110","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspended sediment transport in an ephemeral stream following wildfire","docAbstract":"<div class=\" metis-abstract\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>We examine the impacts of a stand-clearing wildfire on the characteristics and magnitude of suspended sediment transport in ephemeral streams draining the burn area. We report the results of a monitoring program that includes 2 years of data prior to the Cerro Grande fire in New Mexico, and 3 years of postfire data. Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) increased by about 2 orders of magnitude following the fire, and the proportion of silt and clay increased from 50% to 80%. For a given flow event, SSC is highest at the flood bore and decreases monotonically with time, a pattern evident in every flood sampled both before and after the fire. We propose that the accumulation of flow and wash load at the flow front is an inherent characteristic of ephemeral stream flows, due to amplified momentum losses at the flood bore. We present a new model for computing suspended sediment transport in ephemeral streams (in the presence or absence of wildfire) by relating SSC to the time following the arrival of the flood bore, rather than to instantaneous discharge. Using this model and a rainfall history, we estimate that in the 3 years following the fire, floods transported in suspension a mass equivalent to about 3 mm of landscape lowering across the burn area, 20% of this following a single rainstorm. We test the model by computing fine sediment delivery to a small reservoir in an adjacent watershed, where we have a detailed record of postfire sedimentation based on repeat surveys. Systematic discrepancies between modeled and measured sedimentation rates in the reservoir suggest rapid reductions in suspended sediment delivery in the first several years after the fire.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005JF000459","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Malmon, D., Reneau, S.L., Katzman, D., Lavine, A., and Lyman, J., 2007, Suspended sediment transport in an ephemeral stream following wildfire: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 112, no. 2, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JF000459.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba306e4b08c986b31fb22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malmon, D.V.","contributorId":22960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malmon","given":"D.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reneau, Steven L.","contributorId":99639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reneau","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Katzman, D.","contributorId":34660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lavine, A.","contributorId":103876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavine","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyman, J.","contributorId":22153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030109,"text":"70030109 - 2007 - Environmental and ecological conditions surrounding the production of large year classes of walleye (<i>Sander vitreus</i>) in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-02T08:42:27","indexId":"70030109","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental and ecological conditions surrounding the production of large year classes of walleye (<i>Sander vitreus</i>) in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Saginaw Bay walleye population (</span><i>Sander vitreus</i><span>) has not fully recovered from a collapse that began in the 1940s and has been dependent on stocking with only limited natural reproduction. Beginning in 2003, and through at least 2005, reproductive success of walleye surged to unprecedented levels. The increase was concurrent with ecological changes in Lake Huron and we sought to quantitatively model which factors most influenced this new dynamic. We developed Ricker stock-recruitment models for both wild and stock fish and evaluated them with second-order Akaike's information criterion to find the best model. Independent variables included adult alewife (</span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span>) abundance, spring water temperatures, chlorophyll a levels and total phosphorus levels. In all, 14 models were evaluated for production of wild age-0 walleyes and eight models for stocked age-0 walleyes. For wild walleyes, adult alewife abundance was the dominant factor, accounting for 58% of the variability in age-0 abundance. Production of wild age-0 fish increased when adult alewives were scarce. The only other plausible factor was spring water temperature. Predictably, alewife abundance was not important to stocked fish; instead temperature and adult walleye abundance were more significant variables. The surge in reproductive success for walleyes during 2003&ndash;2005 was most likely due to large declines in adult alewives in Lake Huron. While relatively strong year classes (age-1 and up) have been produced as a result of increased age-0 production during 2003&ndash;2005, the overall magnitude has not been as great as the initial age-0 abundance originally suggested. It appears that over-winter mortality is higher than in the past and may stem from higher predation or slower growth (lower condition for enduring winter thermal stress). From this it appears that low alewife abundance does not assure strong walleye year classes in Saginaw Bay but may be a prerequisite for them.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[118:EAECST]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Fielder, D., Schaeffer, J., and Thomas, M., 2007, Environmental and ecological conditions surrounding the production of large year classes of walleye (<i>Sander vitreus</i>) in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. Supplement 1, p. 118-132, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[118:EAECST]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"132","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212850,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[118:EAECST]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a099be4b0c8380cd51fb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fielder, D.G.","contributorId":22152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fielder","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaeffer, J.S.","contributorId":42688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, M.V.","contributorId":66908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"M.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030108,"text":"70030108 - 2007 - Eogenetic karst hydrology: Insights from the 2004 hurricanes, peninsular Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70030108","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eogenetic karst hydrology: Insights from the 2004 hurricanes, peninsular Florida","docAbstract":"Eogenetic karst lies geographically and temporally close to the depositional environment of limestone in warm marine water at low latitude, in areas marked by midafternoon thunderstorms during a summer rainy season. Spring hydrographs from such an environment in north-central Florida are characterized by smooth, months-long, seasonal maxima. The passage of Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne in September 2004 over three field locations shows how the eogenetic karst of the Upper Floridan Aquifer responds to unequivocal recharge events. Hydrographs at wells in the High Springs area, Rainbow Springs, and at Morris, Briar, and Bat Caves all responded promptly with a similar drawn-out rise to a maximum that extended long into the winter dry season. The timing indicates that the typical hydrograph of eogenetic karst is not the short-term fluctuations of springs in epigenic, telogenetic karst, or the smoothed response to all the summer thunderstorms, but rather the protracted response of the system to rainfall that exceeds a threshold. The similarity of cave and noncave hydrographs indicates distributed autogenic recharge and a free communication between secondary porosity and permeable matrix - both of which differ from the hydrology of epigenic, telogenetic karst. At Briar Cave, drip rates lagged behind the water table rise, suggesting that recharge was delivered by fractures, which control the cave's morphology. At High Springs, hydrographs at the Santa Fe River and a submerged conduit apparently connected to it show sharp maxima after the storms, unlike the other cave hydrographs. Our interpretation is that the caves, in general, are discontinuous. ?? 2007 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00309.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Florea, L., and Vacher, H.L., 2007, Eogenetic karst hydrology: Insights from the 2004 hurricanes, peninsular Florida: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 4, p. 439-446, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00309.x.","startPage":"439","endPage":"446","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212822,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00309.x"},{"id":240369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09fee4b0c8380cd52144","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Florea, L.J.","contributorId":22968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Florea","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vacher, H. Leonard","contributorId":90529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vacher","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Leonard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80581,"text":"ofr20071239 - 2007 - Visitor and community survey results for Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-20T17:42:30","indexId":"ofr20071239","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1239","title":"Visitor and community survey results for Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report","docAbstract":"<p>This study was commissioned by the Northeast Region of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) in support of the Comprehensive Conservation Planning at Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge (Prime Hook NWR or Refuge). The National Wildlife Refuge Improvement Act of 1997 (Public Law 105-57, USC668dd) mandates a Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP) for every refuge in the system. A refuge CCP outlines goals, objectives, and management strategies for all refuge programs over the next 15 years, while providing opportunities for compatible, wildlifedependent public uses. The plan evaluates refuge wildlife, habitat, land protection, and visitor service priorities during the planning process.</p>\n<p>The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA; Public Law 91-190:852-859.42, U.S.C. and as Amended (P.L. 94-52 and P.L. 94-83) 42 U.S.C. 4321-4347) mandates that the CCP for each refuge must contain an analysis of social and economic conditions (the affected environment) and evaluate social and economic results from likely management scenarios. In addition, public review and comment on alternatives for future management is required. To that end, this research was conducted by the Policy Analysis and Science Assistance Branch (PASA) of the U.S. Geological Survey/Fort Collins Science Center in order to determine how current and proposed CCP planning strategies for Prime Hook NWR could affect:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Visitor use</li>\n<li>Visitor experiences</li>\n<li>Visitor spending</li>\n<li>Community residents&rsquo; perceptions and opinions</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Data for this study were collected using a survey administered to visitors to Prime Hook NWR and individuals living in the communities surrounding the Refuge. Surveys were randomly distributed to both consumptive and nonconsumptive use visitors over a one year period (September 2004 to September 2005) to account for seasonal variation in Refuge use. Three hundred thirty-two visitor surveys were returned for a response rate of 80 percent with a confidence interval of &plusmn; 5.4. Surveys were also distributed to a stratified random sample of community members in adjacent and surrounding areas (Slaughter Beach, Broadkill Beach, Prime Hook Beach, Milton, Lewes, Milford, and surrounding communities). Four hundred ninety-one surveys from the overall community sample were returned for a response rate of 39 percent with a &plusmn; 4.4 confidence interval. Community member results were weighted by U.S. Census Bureau data to correct for age and gender bias, and for community proportionality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071239","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Stewart, S., Koontz, L., Ponds, P., and Walters, K.D., 2007, Visitor and community survey results for Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1239, Report: xii, 63 p.; Appendices A-F, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071239.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 63 p.; Appendices A-F","numberOfPages":"235","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191509,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071239.PNG"},{"id":320215,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1239/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Susan C.","contributorId":48257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":293010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ponds, Phadrea","contributorId":88788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponds","given":"Phadrea","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walters, Katherine D.","contributorId":73288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030140,"text":"70030140 - 2007 - Changes in a population of exotic rainbow smelt in Lake Superior: Boom to bust, 1974-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T11:13:59","indexId":"70030140","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in a population of exotic rainbow smelt in Lake Superior: Boom to bust, 1974-2005","docAbstract":"<p><span>Changes in a population of rainbow smelt (</span><i>Osmerus mordax</i><span>) in the Apostle Islands region of Lake Superior were chronicled over a 32-yr time series, 1974&ndash;2005. At the beginning of the time series, rainbow smelt was the predominant prey species, abundance of lake herring (</span><i>Coregonis artedi</i><span>) was very low, and the dominant predator was stocked lake trout (</span><i>Salvelinus namaycush</i><span>). Following a period of successful lake trout stocking in the 1970s, the rainbow smelt population declined sharply in 1980, largely through mortality of adult fish and subsequent poor recruitment. In the succeeding 4 years, rainbow smelt populations reached historic low levels, resulting in reduced food resources for both wild and stocked lake trout. During 1985&ndash;1990 lake herring stocks began a spectacular recovery following the appearance of a very strong 1984 year class and subsequent 1988, 1989, and 1990 year classes. Rainbow smelt benefited from the high abundance of young lake herring as an alternate prey source for lake trout and showed a partial recovery in the late 1980s. However, a growing lake trout population coupled with an 8-yr period of low herring reproduction after 1990 resulted in a diminished rainbow smelt population dominated by age-1 and 2 fish and showing a pattern of alternating recruitment attributed to cannibalism. Low productivity of rainbow smelt and intermittent production of herring over the past decade has left lake trout populations with a diminished prey base. Although lake trout recovery benefited from the presence of rainbow smelt as a prey resource, the Lake Superior fish community was fundamentally altered by the introduction of rainbow smelt.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[75:CIAPOE]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Gorman, O.T., 2007, Changes in a population of exotic rainbow smelt in Lake Superior: Boom to bust, 1974-2005: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. Supplement 1, p. 75-90, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[75:CIAPOE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"90","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212793,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[75:CIAPOE]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f408e4b0c8380cd4bad0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorman, O. T.","contributorId":104605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70030107,"text":"70030107 - 2007 - Rapid plant diversity assessment using a pixel nested plot design: A case study in Beaver Meadows, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70030107","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid plant diversity assessment using a pixel nested plot design: A case study in Beaver Meadows, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Geospatial statistical modelling and thematic maps have recently emerged as effective tools for the management of natural areas at the landscape scale. Traditional methods for the collection of field data pertaining to questions of landscape were developed without consideration for the parameters of these applications. We introduce an alternative field sampling design based on smaller unbiased random plot and subplot locations called the pixel nested plot (PNP). We demonstrate the applicability of the PNP design of 15 m x 15 m to assess patterns of plant diversity and species richness across the landscape at Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Colorado, USA in a time (cost)-efficient manner for field data collection. Our results produced comparable results to a previous study in the Beaver Meadow study (BMS) area within RMNP, where there was a demonstrated focus of plant diversity. Our study used the smaller PNP sampling design for field data collection which could be linked to geospatial information data and could be used for landscape-scale analyses and assessment applications. In 2003, we established 61 PNP in the eastern region of RMNP. We present a comparison between this approach using a sub-sample of 19 PNP from this data set and 20 of Modified Whittaker nested plots (MWNP) of 20 m x 50 m that were collected in the BMS area. The PNP captured 266 unique plant species while the MWNP captured 275 unique species. Based on a comparison of PNP and MWNP in the Beaver Meadows area, RMNP, the PNP required less time and area sampled to achieve a similar number of species sampled. Using the PNP approach for data collection can facilitate the ecological monitoring of these vulnerable areas at the landscape scale in a time- and therefore cost-effective manner. ?? 2007 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diversity and Distributions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00333.x","issn":"13669516","usgsCitation":"Kalkhan, M.A., Stafford, E., and Stohlgren, T., 2007, Rapid plant diversity assessment using a pixel nested plot design: A case study in Beaver Meadows, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA: Diversity and Distributions, v. 13, no. 4, p. 379-388, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00333.x.","startPage":"379","endPage":"388","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212821,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00333.x"},{"id":240368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94f7e4b0c8380cd8171d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkhan, M. A.","contributorId":82655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalkhan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stafford, E.J.","contributorId":11831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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