The recent (late 2001) federally mandated phaseout of diazinon and chlorpyrifos insecticide use in outdoor urban settings has resulted in a rapid decline in concentrations of these insecticides in urban streams and rivers in the northeastern and midwestern United States. Assessment of temporal insecticide trends at 20 sites showed that significant step decreases in diazinon concentrations occurred at 90% of the sites after the phaseout, with concentrations generally decreasing by over 50% in summer samples. Chlorpyrifos concentrations showed significant step decreases in at least 1 season at 3 of the 4 sites with sufficient data for analysis. The decrease in diazinon concentrations in response to the phaseout resulted in a decline in the frequency of concentrations exceeding the acute invertebrate water-quality benchmark of 0.1 μg/L from 10% of pre-phaseout summer samples to fewer than 1% of post-phaseout summer samples. Although some studies have indicated an increase in concentrations of carbaryl in response to the organophosphorous phaseout, carbaryl concentrations only increased at 1 site after the phaseout. A full assessment of the effect of the phaseout of diazinon and chlorpyrifos on surface water will require data on other insecticides used to replace these compounds.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es070301","usgsCitation":"Phillips, P.J., Ator, S., and Nystrom, E., 2007, Temporal changes in surface-water insecticide concentrations after the phaseout of diazinon and chlorpyrifos: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 12, p. 4246-4251, https://doi.org/10.1021/es070301.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4246","endPage":"4251","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba503e4b08c986b320742","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, P. J.","contributorId":31728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ator, S.W. 0000-0002-9186-4837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":104100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"S.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nystrom, E.A.","contributorId":85749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029987,"text":"70029987 - 2007 - Hydrodynamics of coalbed methane reservoirs in the Black Warrior Basin: Key to understanding reservoir performance and environmental issues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029987","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrodynamics of coalbed methane reservoirs in the Black Warrior Basin: Key to understanding reservoir performance and environmental issues","docAbstract":"The Black Warrior Basin of the southeastern United States hosts one of the world's most prolific and long-lived coalbed methane plays, and the wealth of experience in this basin provides insight into the relationships among basin hydrology, production performance, and environmental issues. Along the southeast margin of the basin, meteoric recharge of reservoir coal beds exposed in an upturned fold limb exerts a strong control on water chemistry, reservoir pressure, and production performance. Fresh-water plumes containing Na-HCO3 waters with low TDS content extend from the structurally upturned basin margin into the interior of the basin. Northwest of the plumes, coal beds contain Na-Cl waters with moderate to high-TDS content. Carbon isotope data from produced gas and mineral cements suggest that the fresh-water plumes have been the site of significant bacterial activity and that the coalbed methane reservoirs contain a mixture of thermogenic and late-stage biogenic gases. Water produced from the fresh-water plumes may be disposed safely at the surface, whereas underground injection has been used locally to dispose of highly saline water. Wells in areas that had normal hydrostatic reservoir pressure prior to development tend to produce large volumes of water and may take up to 4 a to reach peak gas production. In contrast, wells drilled in naturally underpressured areas distal to the fresh-water plumes typically produce little water and achieve peak gas rates during the first year of production. Environmental debate has focused largely on issues associated with hydrologic communication between deep reservoir coal beds and shallow aquifers. In the coalbed methane fields of the Black Warrior Basin, a broad range of geologic evidence suggests that flow is effectively confined within coal and that the thick intervals of marine shale separating coal zones limit cross-formational flow. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.009","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Pashin, J., 2007, Hydrodynamics of coalbed methane reservoirs in the Black Warrior Basin: Key to understanding reservoir performance and environmental issues: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 10, p. 2257-2272, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.009.","startPage":"2257","endPage":"2272","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212985,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.04.009"},{"id":240561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3340e4b0c8380cd5ee6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pashin, J.C.","contributorId":41897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pashin","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029986,"text":"70029986 - 2007 - Late Quaternary alluviation and offset along the eastern Big Pine fault, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029986","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary alluviation and offset along the eastern Big Pine fault, southern California","docAbstract":"Determining late Quaternary offset rates on specific faults within active mountain belts is not only a key component of seismic hazard analysis, but sheds light on regional tectonic development over geologic timescales. Here we report an estimate of dip-slip rate on the eastern Big Pine oblique-reverse fault in the upper Cuyama Valley within the western Transverse Ranges of southern California, and its relation to local landscape development. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of sandy beds within coarse-grained alluvial deposits indicates that deposition of alluvium shed from the Pine Mountain massif occurred near the southern margin of the Cuyama structural basin at the elevation of the Cuyama River between 25 and 14??ka. This alluvial deposit has been offset ??? 10??m vertically by the eastern Big Pine fault, providing a latest Quaternary dip-slip rate estimate of ??? 0.9??m/ky based on a 50?? fault dip. Incision of the adjacent Cuyama River has exposed a section of older Cuyama River sediments beneath the Pine Mountain alluvium that accumulated between 45 and 30??ka on the down-thrown footwall block of the eastern Big Pine fault. Corroborative evidence for Holocene reverse-slip on the eastern Big Pine fault is ??? 1??m of incised bedrock that is characteristically exposed beneath 2-3.5??ka fill terraces in tributaries south of the fault. The eastern Big Pine fault in the Cuyama Valley area has no confirmed record of historic rupture; however, based on our results, we suggest the likelihood of multiple reverse-slip rupture events since 14??ka. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.01.018","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"DeLong, S., Minor, S., and Arnold, L., 2007, Late Quaternary alluviation and offset along the eastern Big Pine fault, southern California: Geomorphology, v. 90, no. 1-2, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.01.018.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212984,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.01.018"},{"id":240560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4523e4b0c8380cd67079","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeLong, S.B.","contributorId":29646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLong","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minor, S.A.","contributorId":65047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arnold, L.J.","contributorId":99381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029984,"text":"70029984 - 2007 - Feasibility of detecting near-surface feature with Rayleigh-wave diffraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T13:35:01","indexId":"70029984","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2165,"text":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feasibility of detecting near-surface feature with Rayleigh-wave diffraction","docAbstract":"Detection of near-surfaces features such as voids and faults is challenging due to the complexity of near-surface materials and the limited resolution of geophysical methods. Although multichannel, high-frequency, surface-wave techniques can provide reliable shear (S)-wave velocities in different geological settings, they are not suitable for detecting voids directly based on anomalies of the S-wave velocity because of limitations on the resolution of S-wave velocity profiles inverted from surface-wave phase velocities. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of directly detecting near-surfaces features with surface-wave diffractions. Based on the properties of surface waves, we have derived a Rayleigh-wave diffraction traveltime equation. We also have solved the equation for the depth to the top of a void and an average velocity of Rayleigh waves. Using these equations, the depth to the top of a void/fault can be determined based on traveltime data from a diffraction curve. In practice, only two diffraction times are necessary to define the depth to the top of a void/fault and the average Rayleigh-wave velocity that generates the diffraction curve. We used four two-dimensional square voids to demonstrate the feasibility of detecting a void with Rayleigh-wave diffractions: a 2??m by 2??m with a depth to the top of the void of 2??m, 4??m by 4??m with a depth to the top of the void of 7??m, and 6??m by 6??m with depths to the top of the void 12??m and 17??m. We also modeled surface waves due to a vertical fault. Rayleigh-wave diffractions were recognizable for all these models after FK filtering was applied to the synthetic data. The Rayleigh-wave diffraction traveltime equation was verified by the modeled data. Modeling results suggested that FK filtering is critical to enhance diffracted surface waves. A real-world example is presented to show how to utilize the derived equation of surface-wave diffractions. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.002","issn":"09269851","usgsCitation":"Xia, J., Nyquist, J.E., Xu, Y., Roth, M., and Miller, R., 2007, Feasibility of detecting near-surface feature with Rayleigh-wave diffraction: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 62, no. 3, p. 244-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.002.","startPage":"244","endPage":"253","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212958,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.002"}],"volume":"62","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f39e4b0c8380cd53816","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nyquist, Jonathan E.","contributorId":101801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nyquist","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":34225,"text":"Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roth, M.J.S.","contributorId":71003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"M.J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029983,"text":"70029983 - 2007 - Thermal structure of oceanic transform faults","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-28T12:01:32.209149","indexId":"70029983","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal structure of oceanic transform faults","docAbstract":"We use three-dimensional finite element simulations to investigate the temperature structure beneath oceanic transform faults. We show that using a rheology that incorporates brittle weakening of the lithosphere generates a region of enhanced mantle upwelling and elevated temperatures along the transform; the warmest temperatures and thinnest lithosphere are predicted to be near the center of the transform. Previous studies predicted that the mantle beneath oceanic transform faults is anomalously cold relative to adjacent intraplate regions, with the thickest lithosphere located at the center of the transform. These earlier studies used simplified rheologic laws to simulate the behavior of the lithosphere and underlying asthenosphere. We show that the warmer thermal structure predicted by our calculations is directly attributed to the inclusion of a more realistic brittle rheology. This temperature structure is consistent with a wide range of observations from ridge-transform environments, including the depth of seismicity, geochemical anomalies along adjacent ridge segments, and the tendency for long transforms to break into small intratransform spreading centers during changes in plate motion.
We employ a novel approach that combines pulse-chase feeding and multi-labelled stable isotopes to determine gut passage time (GPT), gut retention time (GRT), food ingestion rate (IR) and assimilation efficiency (AE) of three trace elements for a freshwater gastropod. Lettuce isotopically enriched in 53Cr, 65Cu and 106Cd was fed for 2 h to Lymnaea stagnalis. The release of tracers in feces and water was monitored for 48 h, during which unlabelled lettuce was provided ad libidum. The first defecation of 53Cr occurred after 5 h of depuration (GPT), whereas 90% of the ingested 53Cr was recovered in the feces after 22.5 h of depuration (GRT). 53Chromium was not significantly accumulated in the soft tissues upon exposure. In contrast, 65Cu and 106Cd assimilation was detectable for most experimental snails, i.e., 65/63Cu and 106/114Cd ratios in exposed snails were higher than those for controls. Food IR during the labelled feeding phase was 0.16 ± 0.07 g g−1 d−1. IR was inferred from the amount of 53Cr egested in the feces during depuration and the concentration of 53Cr in the labelled lettuce. Assimilation efficiencies (±95% CI) determined using mass balance calculations were 84 ± 4% for Cu and 85 ± 3% for Cd. The ratio method yields similar AE estimates. Expanding the application of this novel stable isotope tracer technique to other metals in a wide variety of species will provide unique opportunities to evaluate the interplay between digestive processes and dietary influx of metals. Understanding the biological processes that modulate dietborne metal uptake is crucial to assess the toxicity of dietborne metals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.03.016","issn":"0166445X","usgsCitation":"Croteau, M.N., Luoma, S.N., and Pellet, B., 2007, Determining metal assimilation efficiency in aquatic invertebrates using enriched stable metal isotope tracers: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 83, no. 2, p. 116-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.03.016.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fff0e4b0c8380cd4f4b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Croteau, Marie Noele 0000-0003-0346-3580 mcroteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-3580","contributorId":895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croteau","given":"Marie","email":"mcroteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Noele","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pellet, B.","contributorId":99377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellet","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029837,"text":"70029837 - 2007 - Geoelectrical evidence of bicontinuum transport in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-18T06:43:32","indexId":"70029837","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geoelectrical evidence of bicontinuum transport in groundwater","docAbstract":"Bicontinuum models and rate-limited mass transfer (RLMT) explain complex transport behavior (e.g., long tailing and rebound) in heterogeneous geologic media, but experimental verification is problematic because geochemical samples represent the mobile component of the pore space. Here, we present geophysical evidence of RLMT at the field scale during an aquifer-storage and recovery experiment in a fractured limestone aquifer in Charleston, South Carolina. We observe a hysteretic relation between measurements of porefluid conductivity and bulk electrical conductivity; this hysteresis contradicts advective-dispersive transport and the standard petrophysical model relating pore-fluid and bulk conductivity, but can be explained by considering bicontinuum transport models that include first-order RLMT. Using a simple numerical model, we demonstrate that geoelectrical measurements are sensitive to bicontinuum transport and RLMT parameters, which are otherwise difficult to infer from direct, hydrologic measurements.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007GL030019","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Singha, K., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Lane, J.W., 2007, Geoelectrical evidence of bicontinuum transport in groundwater: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 34, no. 12, L12401, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030019.","productDescription":"L12401, 5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Charleston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.29632568359375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -79.5794677734375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -79.5794677734375,\n 33.13065128220441\n ],\n [\n -80.29632568359375,\n 33.13065128220441\n ],\n [\n -80.29632568359375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1744e4b0c8380cd5545f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singha, K.","contributorId":51431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singha","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X jwlane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":189168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":424537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029974,"text":"70029974 - 2007 - Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029974","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2597,"text":"Land Degradation and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index","docAbstract":"Mechanized maneuver training impacts the landscape by creating depressions, compacting soils, producing bare ground areas, transporting seeds of invasive plants, and crushing vegetation. We measured 3 physical, 13 chemical, and 2 biological soil properties and used a disturbance index (DI) based on perceptions of soil conditions on a military installation to assess the condition of 100 ?? 100 m plots (1 ha): 10 in 2002 and 10 in 2004. Potential DI scores range from 0 (no appreciable evidence of disturbance) to 1 (>95 per cent of the plot disturbed). Bulk density, porosity (%), and water content (%) - all at 5-1-10-0cm depth, and nematode family richness (NFR) were significantly, negatively correlated (Spearman coefficients, rs) with the DI of both years. The strong negative correlation (rs., = -0.69 in 2002, -0.79 in 2004) of NFR with the DI appears to reflect the status of nematode diversity and, therefore, may serve as a useful, inexpensive approach to rapidly assessing grasslands subjected to mechanized military training. Copyright ?? 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Land Degradation and Development","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/ldr.773","issn":"10853278","usgsCitation":"Althoff, D.P., Althoff, P., Lambrecht, N., Gipson, P.S., Pontius, J., and Woodford, P., 2007, Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index: Land Degradation and Development, v. 18, no. 3, p. 269-288, https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.773.","startPage":"269","endPage":"288","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212816,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.773"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9214e4b08c986b319cae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Althoff, Donald P.","contributorId":20980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Althoff","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Althoff, P.S.","contributorId":100614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Althoff","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lambrecht, N.D.","contributorId":33127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambrecht","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gipson, P. S.","contributorId":70136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gipson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pontius, J.S.","contributorId":69523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pontius","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Woodford, P.B.","contributorId":24996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodford","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029971,"text":"70029971 - 2007 - Plan curvature and landslide probability in regions dominated by earth flows and earth slides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029971","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plan curvature and landslide probability in regions dominated by earth flows and earth slides","docAbstract":"Damaging landslides in the Appalachian Plateau and scattered regions within the Midcontinent of North America highlight the need for landslide-hazard mapping and a better understanding of the geomorphic development of landslide terrains. The Plateau and Midcontinent have the necessary ingredients for landslides including sufficient relief, steep slope gradients, Pennsylvanian and Permian cyclothems that weather into fine-grained soils containing considerable clay, and adequate precipitation. One commonly used parameter in landslide-hazard analysis that is in need of further investigation is plan curvature. Plan curvature is the curvature of the hillside in a horizontal plane or the curvature of the contours on a topographic map. Hillsides can be subdivided into regions of concave outward plan curvature called hollows, convex outward plan curvature called noses, and straight contours called planar regions. Statistical analysis of plan-curvature and landslide datasets indicate that hillsides with planar plan curvature have the highest probability for landslides in regions dominated by earth flows and earth slides in clayey soils (CH and CL). The probability of landslides decreases as the hillsides become more concave or convex. Hollows have a slightly higher probability for landslides than noses. In hollows landslide material converges into the narrow region at the base of the slope. The convergence combined with the cohesive nature of fine-grained soils creates a buttressing effect that slows soil movement and increases the stability of the hillside within the hollow. Statistical approaches that attempt to determine landslide hazard need to account for the complex relationship between plan curvature, type of landslide, and landslide susceptibility. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.01.005","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Ohlmacher, G., 2007, Plan curvature and landslide probability in regions dominated by earth flows and earth slides: Engineering Geology, v. 91, no. 2-4, p. 117-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.01.005.","startPage":"117","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212785,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.01.005"},{"id":240323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b9ce4b0c8380cd79523","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ohlmacher, G.C.","contributorId":63064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlmacher","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029970,"text":"70029970 - 2007 - Ammonia causes decreased brain monoamines in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-13T10:52:23","indexId":"70029970","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1074,"text":"Brain Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ammonia causes decreased brain monoamines in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)","docAbstract":"Hyperammonemia, arising from variety of disorders, leads to severe neurological dysfunction. The mechanisms of ammonia toxicity in brain are not completely understood. This study investigated the effects of ammonia on monoaminergic systems in brains of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Fish serve as a good model system to investigate hyperammonemic effects on brain function since no liver manipulations are necessary to increase endogenous ammonia concentrations. Using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, monoamines and some associated metabolites were measured from whole brain homogenate. Adult males were exposed for 48 h to six different concentrations of ammonia (0.01–2.36 mg/l unionized) which bracketed the 96-h LC50 for this species. Ammonia concentration-dependent decreases were found for the catecholamines (norepinephrine and dopamine) and the indoleamine serotonin (5-HT). After an initial increase in the 5-HT precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan it too decreased with increasing ammonia concentrations. There were also significant increases in the 5-HIAA/5-HT and DOPAC/DA ratios, often used as measures of turnover. There were no changes in epinephrine (Epi) or monoamine catabolites (DOPAC, 5-HIAA) at any ammonia concentrations tested. Results suggest that ammonia causes decreased synthesis while also causing increased release and degradation. Increased release may underlie behavioral reactions to ammonia exposure in fish. This study adds weight to a growing body of evidence demonstrating that ammonia leads to dysfunctional monoaminergic systems in brain which may underlie neurological symptoms associated with human disorders such as hepatic encephalopathy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2007.02.015","issn":"00068993","usgsCitation":"Ronan, P.J., Gaikowski, M., Hamilton, S., Buhl, K.J., and Summers, C.H., 2007, Ammonia causes decreased brain monoamines in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas): Brain Research, v. 1147, p. 184-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2007.02.015.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"184","endPage":"191","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212784,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2007.02.015"}],"volume":"1147","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9bde4b0c8380cd4840f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ronan, Patrick J.","contributorId":175335,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ronan","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":140353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, Steven J.","contributorId":174108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buhl, Kevin J. 0000-0002-9963-2352 kevin_buhl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-2352","contributorId":1396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Kevin","email":"kevin_buhl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Summers, Cliff H.","contributorId":66218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summers","given":"Cliff","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029969,"text":"70029969 - 2007 - Organic petrology and coalbed gas content, Wilcox Group (Paleocene-Eocene), northern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-01T12:48:35","indexId":"70029969","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic petrology and coalbed gas content, Wilcox Group (Paleocene-Eocene), northern Louisiana","docAbstract":"Wilcox Group (Paleocene–Eocene) coal and carbonaceous shale samples collected from four coalbed methane test wells in northern Louisiana were characterized through an integrated analytical program. Organic petrographic analyses, gas desorption and adsorption isotherm measurements, and proximate–ultimate analyses were conducted to provide insight into conditions of peat deposition and the relationships between coal composition, rank, and coalbed gas storage characteristics. The results of petrographic analyses indicate that woody precursor materials were more abundant in stratigraphically higher coal zones in one of the CBM wells, consistent with progradation of a deltaic depositional system (Holly Springs delta complex) into the Gulf of Mexico during the Paleocene–Eocene. Comparison of petrographic analyses with gas desorption measurements suggests that there is not a direct relationship between coal type (sensu maceral composition) and coalbed gas storage. Moisture, as a function of coal rank (lignite–subbituminous A), exhibits an inverse relationship with measured gas content. This result may be due to higher moisture content competing for adsorption space with coalbed gas in shallower, lower rank samples. Shallower (< 600 m) coal samples consistently are undersaturated with respect to CH4 adsorption isotherms; deeper (> 600 m) coal samples containing less moisture range from under- to oversaturated with respect to their CH4adsorption capacity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2006.05.009","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., Warwick, P.D., and Breland, F.C., 2007, Organic petrology and coalbed gas content, Wilcox Group (Paleocene-Eocene), northern Louisiana: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 71, no. 1, p. 54-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2006.05.009.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"71","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6fd5e4b0c8380cd75cbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breland, F. Clayton Jr.","contributorId":43842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breland","given":"F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Clayton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029965,"text":"70029965 - 2007 - Defining space use and movements of Canada lynx with global positioning system telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T09:35:00","indexId":"70029965","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Defining space use and movements of Canada lynx with global positioning system telemetry","docAbstract":"Space use and movements of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) are difficult to study with very-high-frequency radiocollars. We deployed global positioning system (GPS) collars on 11 lynx in Minnesota to study their seasonal space-use patterns. We estimated home ranges with minimum-convex-polygon and fixed-kernel methods and estimated core areas with area/probability curves. Fixed-kernel home ranges of males (range = 29-522 km2) were significantly larger than those of females (range = 5-95 km2) annually and during the denning season. Some male lynx increased movements during March, the month most influenced by breeding activity. Lynx core areas were predicted by the 60% fixed-kernel isopleth in most seasons. The mean core-area size of males (range = 6-190 km2) was significantly larger than that of females (range = 1-19 km2) annually and during denning. Most female lynx were reproductive animals with reduced movements, whereas males often ranged widely between Minnesota and Ontario. Sensitivity analyses examining the effect of location frequency on home-range size suggest that the home-range sizes of breeding females are less sensitive to sample size than those of males. Longer periods between locations decreased home-range and core-area overlap relative to the home range estimated from daily locations. GPS collars improve our understanding of space use and movements by lynx by increasing the spatial extent and temporal frequency of monitoring and allowing home ranges to be estimated over short periods that are relevant to life-history characteristics. ?? 2007 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/06-MAMM-A-181R.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Burdett, C., Moen, R., Niemi, G., and Mech, L., 2007, Defining space use and movements of Canada lynx with global positioning system telemetry: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 88, no. 2, p. 457-467, https://doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-A-181R.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"467","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212692,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-A-181R.1"}],"volume":"88","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe39e4b0c8380cd4ebd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burdett, C.L.","contributorId":10295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdett","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moen, R.A.","contributorId":72264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moen","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Niemi, G.J.","contributorId":80234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niemi","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029963,"text":"70029963 - 2007 - New insights into the history and origin of the southern Maya block, SE Mexico: U-Pb-SHRIMP zircon geochronology from metamorphic rocks of the Chiapas massif","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-12T14:27:24","indexId":"70029963","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2037,"text":"International Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights into the history and origin of the southern Maya block, SE Mexico: U-Pb-SHRIMP zircon geochronology from metamorphic rocks of the Chiapas massif","docAbstract":"The histories of the pre-Mesozoic landmasses in southern México and their connections with Laurentia, Gondwana, and among themselves are crucial for the understanding of the Late Paleozoic assembly of Pangea. The Permian igneous and metamorphic rocks from the Chiapas massif as part of the southern Maya block, México, were dated by U–Pb zircon geochronology employing the SHRIMP (sensitive high resolution ion microprobe) facility at Stanford University. The Chiapas massif is composed of deformed granitoids and orthogneisses with inliers of metasedimentary rocks. SHRIMP data from an anatectic orthogneiss demonstrate that the Chiapas massif was part of a Permian (∼ 272 Ma) active continental margin established on the Pacific margin of Gondwana after the Ouachita orogeny. Latest Permian (252–254 Ma) medium- to high-grade metamorphism and deformation affected the entire Chiapas massif, resulting in anatexis and intrusion of syntectonic granitoids. This unique orogenic event is interpreted as the result of compression due to flat subduction and accretionary tectonics. SHRIMP data of zircon cores from a metapelite from the NE Chiapas massif yielded a single Grenvillian source for sediments. The majority of the zircon cores from a para-amphibolite from the SE part of the massif yielded either 1.0–1.2 or 1.4–1.5 Ga sources, indicating provenance from South American Sunsás and Rondonian-San Ignacio provinces.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00531-006-0093-7","issn":"14373254","usgsCitation":"Weber, B., Iriondo, A., Premo, W.R., Hecht, L., and Schaaf, P., 2007, New insights into the history and origin of the southern Maya block, SE Mexico: U-Pb-SHRIMP zircon geochronology from metamorphic rocks of the Chiapas massif: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 96, no. 2, p. 253-269, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-006-0093-7.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"269","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212663,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-006-0093-7"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Maya block","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.46093749999999,\n 14.519780046326085\n ],\n [\n -87.86865234374999,\n 18.437924653474408\n ],\n [\n -87.0556640625,\n 20.05593126519445\n ],\n [\n -86.77001953125,\n 21.4121622297254\n ],\n [\n -87.1875,\n 21.69826549685252\n ],\n [\n -88.8134765625,\n 21.596150576461426\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 21.186972714123776\n ],\n [\n -90.68115234375,\n 20.673905264672843\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 19.828725387681168\n ],\n [\n -91.01074218749999,\n 19.290405639497994\n ],\n [\n -91.77978515625,\n 18.95824648598139\n ],\n [\n -92.5048828125,\n 18.916679786648565\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 18.500447458475094\n ],\n [\n -94.46044921875,\n 18.271086109608877\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 18.625424540701264\n ],\n [\n -95.51513671875,\n 18.93746442964186\n ],\n [\n -95.9326171875,\n 19.16592425362802\n ],\n [\n -96.26220703125,\n 19.87005983797396\n ],\n [\n -96.85546875,\n 20.406420474920292\n ],\n [\n -100.107421875,\n 16.762467717941604\n ],\n [\n -98.6572265625,\n 16.235772090429855\n ],\n [\n -97.5146484375,\n 15.792253570362446\n ],\n [\n -96.767578125,\n 15.432500881886055\n ],\n [\n -95.69091796875,\n 15.792253570362446\n ],\n [\n -94.89990234375,\n 16.109153239219467\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 16.06692895745012\n ],\n [\n -93.6474609375,\n 15.517205256329813\n ],\n [\n -93.22998046875,\n 15.347761924346937\n ],\n [\n -92.7685546875,\n 14.753635331540442\n ],\n [\n -92.46093749999999,\n 14.519780046326085\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65dbe4b0c8380cd72c6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weber, Bodo","contributorId":54021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Bodo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iriondo, Alexander","contributorId":23619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iriondo","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":425083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hecht, Lutz","contributorId":43571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecht","given":"Lutz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schaaf, Peter","contributorId":93703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaaf","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029960,"text":"70029960 - 2007 - Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-13T10:32:00","indexId":"70029960","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study","docAbstract":"Naturally occurring pyrite commonly contains minor substituted metals and metalloids (As, Se, Hg, Cu, Ni, etc.) that can be released to the environment as a result of its weathering. Arsenic, often the most abundant minor constituent in pyrite, is a sensitive monitor of progressive pyrite oxidation in coal. To test the effect of pyrite composition and environmental parameters on the rate and extent of pyrite oxidation in coal, splits of five bituminous coal samples having differing amounts of pyrite and extents of As substitution in the pyrite, were exposed to a range of simulated weathering conditions over a period of 17 months. Samples investigated include a Springfield coal from Indiana (whole coal pyritic S = 2.13 wt.%; As in pyrite = detection limit (d.l.) to 0.06 wt.%), two Pittsburgh coal samples from West Virginia (pyritic S = 1.32–1.58 wt.%; As in pyrite = d.l. to 0.34 wt.%), and two samples from the Warrior Basin, Alabama (pyritic S = 0.26–0.27 wt.%; As in pyrite = d.l. to 2.72 wt.%). Samples were collected from active mine faces, and expected differences in the concentration of As in pyrite were confirmed by electron microprobe analysis. Experimental weathering conditions in test chambers were maintained as follows: (1) dry Ar atmosphere; (2) dry O2 atmosphere; (3) room atmosphere (relative humidity ∼20–60%); and (4) room atmosphere with samples wetted periodically with double-distilled water. Sample splits were removed after one month, nine months, and 17 months to monitor the extent of As and Fe oxidation using As X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, respectively. Arsenic XANES spectroscopy shows progressive oxidation of pyritic As to arsenate, with wetted samples showing the most rapid oxidation. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy also shows a much greater proportion of Fe3+ forms (jarosite, Fe3+ sulfate, FeOOH) for samples stored under wet conditions, but much less difference among samples stored under dry conditions in different atmospheres. The air-wet experiments show evidence of pyrite re-precipitation from soluble ferric sulfates, with As retention in the jarosite phase. Extents of As and Fe oxidation were similar for samples having differing As substitution in pyrite, suggesting that environmental conditions outweigh the composition and amount of pyrite as factors influencing the oxidation rate of Fe sulfides in coal.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kolker, A., and Huggins, F.E., 2007, Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 4, p. 778-787, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"778","endPage":"787","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213098,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ee7e4b0c8380cd7f472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huggins, Frank E.","contributorId":81273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggins","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029959,"text":"70029959 - 2007 - Multiple-species analysis of point count data: A more parsimonious modelling framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70029959","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple-species analysis of point count data: A more parsimonious modelling framework","docAbstract":"1. Although population surveys often provide information on multiple species, these data are rarely analysed within a multiple-species framework despite the potential for more efficient estimation of population parameters. 2. We have developed a multiple-species modelling framework that uses similarities in capture/detection processes among species to model multiple species data more parsimoniously. We present examples of this approach applied to distance, time of detection and multiple observer sampling for avian point count data. 3. Models that included species as a covariate and individual species effects were generally selected as the best models for distance sampling, but group models without species effects performed best for the time of detection and multiple observer methods. Population estimates were more precise for no-species-effect models than for species-effect models, demonstrating the benefits of exploiting species' similarities when modelling multiple species data. Partial species-effect models and additive models were also useful because they modelled similarities among species while allowing for species differences. 4. Synthesis and applications. We recommend the adoption of multiple-species modelling because of its potential for improved population estimates. This framework will be particularly beneficial for modelling count data from rare species because information on the detection process can be 'borrowed' from more common species. The multiple-species modelling framework presented here is applicable to a wide range of sampling techniques and taxa. ?? 2007 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01271.x","issn":"00218901","usgsCitation":"Alldredge, M., Pollock, K.H., Simons, T., and Shriner, S., 2007, Multiple-species analysis of point count data: A more parsimonious modelling framework: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 44, no. 2, p. 281-290, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01271.x.","startPage":"281","endPage":"290","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476979,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01271.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213097,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01271.x"},{"id":240686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a608fe4b0c8380cd71538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alldredge, M.W.","contributorId":50263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alldredge","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simons, T.R.","contributorId":56334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shriner, S.A.","contributorId":26405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shriner","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029953,"text":"70029953 - 2007 - Source parameters of a M4.8 and its accompanying repeating earthquakes off Kamaishi, NE Japan: Implications for the hierarchical structure of asperities and earthquake cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029953","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source parameters of a M4.8 and its accompanying repeating earthquakes off Kamaishi, NE Japan: Implications for the hierarchical structure of asperities and earthquake cycle","docAbstract":"We determine the source parameters of a M4.9 ?? 0.1 'characteristic earthquake' sequence and its accompanying microearthquakes at ???50 km depth on the subduction plate boundary offshore of Kamaishi, NE Japan. The microearthquakes tend to occur more frequently in the latter half of the recurrence intervals of the M4.9 ?? 0.1 events. Our results show that the microearthquakes are repeating events and they are located not only around but also within the slip area for the 2001 M4.8 event. From the hierarchical structure of slip areas and smaller stress drops for the microearthquakes compared to the M4.8 event, we infer the small repeating earthquakes rupture relatively weak patches in and around the slip area for the M4.8 event and their activity reflects a stress concentration process and/or change in frictional property (healing) at the area. We also infer the patches for the M4.9 ?? 0.1 and other repeating earthquakes undergo aseismic slip during their interseismic period. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007GL031263","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Uchida, N., Matsuzawa, T., Ellsworth, W., Imanishi, K., Okada, T., and Hasegawa, A., 2007, Source parameters of a M4.8 and its accompanying repeating earthquakes off Kamaishi, NE Japan: Implications for the hierarchical structure of asperities and earthquake cycle: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 34, no. 20, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031263.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477217,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007gl031263","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213008,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031263"},{"id":240588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9338e4b08c986b31a38f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uchida, N.","contributorId":101088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uchida","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matsuzawa, T.","contributorId":11804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuzawa","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellsworth, W.L.","contributorId":48541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Imanishi, K.","contributorId":51956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imanishi","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Okada, T.","contributorId":10626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okada","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hasegawa, A.","contributorId":6264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasegawa","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029952,"text":"70029952 - 2007 - Wave field features of shallow vertical discontinuity and their application in non-destructive detection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029952","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2165,"text":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wave field features of shallow vertical discontinuity and their application in non-destructive detection","docAbstract":"The geotechnical integrity of critical infrastructure can be seriously compromised by the presence of fractures or crevices. Non-destructive techniques to accurately detect fractures in critical infrastructure such as dams and highways could be of significant benefit to the geotechnical industry. This paper investigates the application of shallow seismic and georadar methods to the detection of a vertical discontinuity using numerical simulations. The objective is to address the kinematical analysis of a vertical discontinuity, determine the resulting wave field characteristics, and provide the basis for determining the existence of vertical discontinuities based on the recorded signals. Simulation results demonstrate that: (1) A reflection from a vertical discontinuity produces a hyperbolic feature on a seismic or georadar profile; (2) In order for a reflection from a vertical discontinuity to be produced, a reflecting horizon below the discontinuity must exist, the offset between source and receiver (x0) must be non-zero, on the same side of the vertical discontinuity; (3) The range of distances from the vertical discontinuity where a reflection event is observed is proportional to its length and to x0; (4) Should the vertical crevice (or fracture) pass through a reflecting horizon, dual hyperbolic features can be observed on the records, and this can be used as a determining factor that the vertical crevice passes through the interface; and (5) diffractions from the edges of the discontinuity can be recorded with relatively smaller amplitude than reflections and their ranges are not constrained by the length of discontinuity. If the length of discontinuity is short enough, diffractions are the dominant feature. Real-world examples show that the shallow seismic reflection method and the georadar method are capable of recording the hyperbolic feature, which can be interpreted as vertical discontinuity. Thus, these methods show some promise as effective non-destructive detection methods for locating vertical discontinuities (e.g., fractures or crevices) in infrastructure such as dams and highway pavement. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.001","issn":"09269851","usgsCitation":"Liu, J., Xia, J., Luo, Y., Chen, C., Li, X., and Huang, Y., 2007, Wave field features of shallow vertical discontinuity and their application in non-destructive detection: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 62, no. 3, p. 270-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.001.","startPage":"270","endPage":"280","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212983,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.001"},{"id":240559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcf94e4b08c986b32e99c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luo, Y.","contributorId":28417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, C.","contributorId":98490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, X.","contributorId":67635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Huang, Y.","contributorId":62000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029951,"text":"70029951 - 2007 - Three-dimensional structure of fluid conduits sustaining an active deep marine cold seep","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T17:04:20","indexId":"70029951","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional structure of fluid conduits sustaining an active deep marine cold seep","docAbstract":"Cold seeps in deep marine settings emit fluids to the overlying ocean and are often associated with such seafloor flux indicators as chemosynthetic biota, pockmarks, and authigenic carbonate rocks. Despite evidence for spatiotemporal variability in the rate, locus, and composition of cold seep fluid emissions, the shallow subseafloor plumbing systems have never been clearly imaged in three dimensions. Using a novel, high-resolution approach, we produce the first three-dimensional image of possible fluid conduits beneath a cold seep at a study site within the Blake Ridge gas hydrate province. Complex, dendritic features diverge upward toward the seafloor from feeder conduits at depth and could potentially draw flow laterally by up to 103 m from the known seafloor seep, a pattern similar to that suggested for some hydrothermal vents. The biodiversity, community structure, and succession dynamics of chemosynthetic communities at cold seeps may largely reflect these complexities of subseafloor fluid flow.
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G.W.","contributorId":54153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chong","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029949,"text":"70029949 - 2007 - Molecular and biochemical analysis of rainbow trout LCK suggests a conserved mechanism for T-cell signaling in gnathostomes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029949","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2777,"text":"Molecular Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular and biochemical analysis of rainbow trout LCK suggests a conserved mechanism for T-cell signaling in gnathostomes","docAbstract":"Two genes were identified in rainbow trout that display high sequence identity to vertebrate Lck. Both of the trout Lck transcripts are associated with lymphoid tissues and were found to be highly expressed in IgM-negative lymphocytes. In vitro analysis of trout lymphocytes indicates that trout Lck mRNA is up-regulated by T-cell mitogens, supporting an evolutionarily conserved function for Lck in the signaling pathways of T-lymphocytes. Here, we describe the generation and characterization of a specific monoclonal antibody raised against the N-terminal domains of recombinant trout Lck that can recognize Lck protein(s) from trout thymocyte lysates that are similar in size (???57 kDa) to mammalian Lck. This antibody also reacted with permeabilized lymphocytes during FACS analysis, indicating its potential usage for cellular analyses of trout lymphocytes, thus representing an important tool for investigations of salmonid T-cell function.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Immunology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.molimm.2006.11.021","issn":"01615890","usgsCitation":"Laing, K., Dutton, S., and Hansen, J., 2007, Molecular and biochemical analysis of rainbow trout LCK suggests a conserved mechanism for T-cell signaling in gnathostomes: Molecular Immunology, v. 44, no. 10, p. 2737-2748, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2006.11.021.","startPage":"2737","endPage":"2748","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212956,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2006.11.021"},{"id":240527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5cf3e4b0c8380cd70060","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laing, K.J.","contributorId":17037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laing","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dutton, S.","contributorId":34328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutton","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, J.D.","contributorId":107880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029947,"text":"70029947 - 2007 - Territoriality, prospecting, and dispersal in cooperatively breeding Micronesian Kingfishers (Todiramphus cinnamominus reichenbachii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T10:00:40","indexId":"70029947","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Territoriality, prospecting, and dispersal in cooperatively breeding Micronesian Kingfishers (Todiramphus cinnamominus reichenbachii)","docAbstract":"We investigated territoriality, prospecting, and dispersal behavior in cooperatively breeding Pohnpei Micronesian Kingfishers (Todiramphus cinnamominus reichenbachii) throughout the annual cycle using radiotelemetry and color-band resights. Mean home-range size was 6.3 ha and territories were 8.1 ha. Within territories, Micronesian Kingfishers shared 63% of their home-range space with coterritorial occupants, and 3% was shared with extraterritorial conspecifics. Birds on cooperative territories had larger home ranges that overlapped more with coterritory occupants' home ranges than birds in pair-held territories. Despite evidence suggesting that resources necessary for survival and reproduction occurred on each territory, Micronesian Kingfishers of all age and sex classes made extraterritorial prospecting movements. Prospecting was rare; it comprised only 4.3% of our observations. When birds departed on forays, they were gone for ∼1.9 h and returned to home territories before sunset. Prospecting by dominant birds was temporally correlated with courtship and nest initiation, and birds were observed at neighboring nest sites with opposite-sex conspecifics during the period when females were available for fertilization. Juveniles and helpers prospected throughout the year and made repeated homesteading movements to dispersal destinations before dispersing. Mean dispersal distance for radiomarked individuals was 849 m. Results suggest that prospecting in Micronesian Kingfishers is a complex behavior that provides information for dispersal decisions and familiarity with dispersal destinations. Additionally, extraterritorial movements may provide covert opportunities for reproduction, which have potential to profoundly influence the distribution of fitness among helper and dominant Micronesian Kingfishers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[381:TPADIC]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Kesler, D., and Haig, S.M., 2007, Territoriality, prospecting, and dispersal in cooperatively breeding Micronesian Kingfishers (Todiramphus cinnamominus reichenbachii): The Auk, v. 124, no. 2, p. 381-395, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[381:TPADIC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"381","endPage":"395","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476958,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[381:tpadic]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba56ae4b08c986b320a2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kesler, D.C.","contributorId":96485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kesler","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, S. M. 0000-0002-6616-7589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":55389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029946,"text":"70029946 - 2007 - Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-28T12:07:59.381307","indexId":"70029946","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan","docAbstract":"A 3-D, time-dependent, baroclinic, hydrodynamic and salinity model was implemented and applied to the Danshuei River estuarine system and the adjacent coastal sea in Taiwan. The model forcing functions consist of tidal elevations along the open boundaries and freshwater inflows from the main stream and major tributaries in the Danshuei River estuarine system. The bottom friction coefficient was adjusted to achieve model calibration and verification in model simulations of barotropic and baroclinic flows. The turbulent diffusivities were ascertained through comparison of simulated salinity time series with observations. The model simulation results are in qualitative agreement with the available field data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Liu, W., Chen, W., Cheng, R.T., Hsu, M., and Kuo, A., 2007, Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan: Continental Shelf Research, v. 27, no. 7, p. 900-921, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"900","endPage":"921","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212896,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005"},{"id":240461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Taiwan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[121.77782,24.39427],[121.17563,22.79086],[120.74708,21.97057],[120.22008,22.81486],[120.10619,23.55626],[120.69468,24.53845],[121.49504,25.29546],[121.95124,24.9976],[121.77782,24.39427]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Taiwan\"}}]}","volume":"27","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c48e4b0c8380cd6fb74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, W.-C.","contributorId":9468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"W.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, W.-B.","contributorId":62413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"W.-B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hsu, M.-H.","contributorId":28074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsu","given":"M.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuo, A.Y.","contributorId":60444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuo","given":"A.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029945,"text":"70029945 - 2007 - Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T21:52:28.503504","indexId":"70029945","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2567,"text":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","title":"Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","docAbstract":"Early theoretical work on disease invasion typically assumed large and well-mixed host populations. Many human and wildlife systems, however, have small groups with limited movement among groups. In these situations, the basic reproductive number, R0, is likely to be a poor predictor of a disease pandemic because it typically does not account for group structure and movement of individuals among groups. We extend recent work by combining the movement of hosts, transmission within groups, recovery from infection and the recruitment of new susceptibles into a stochastic model of disease in a host metapopulation. We focus on how recruitment of susceptibles affects disease invasion and how population structure can affect the frequency of superspreading events (SSEs). We show that the frequency of SSEs may decrease with the reduced movement and the group sizes due to the limited number of susceptible individuals available. Classification tree analysis of the model results illustrates the hierarchical nature of disease invasion in host metapopulations. First, the pathogen must effectively transmit within a group (R0>1), and then the pathogen must persist within a group long enough to allow for movement among the groups. Therefore, the factors affecting disease persistence—such as infectious period, group size and recruitment of new susceptibles—are as important as the local transmission rates in predicting the spread of pathogens across a metapopulation.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society","doi":"10.1098/rsif.2006.0185","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Johnson, P., Lloyd-Smith, J., and Getz, W.M., 2007, Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations: Journal of the Royal Society Interface, v. 4, no. 13, p. 315-324, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0185.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"324","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0185","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240460,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0cde4b08c986b32a317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Philip L.","contributorId":31810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Philip L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lloyd-Smith, James O.","contributorId":31354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd-Smith","given":"James O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Getz, Wayne M.","contributorId":201830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Getz","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36267,"text":"Dept of Environmental Science, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029943,"text":"70029943 - 2007 - Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029943","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana","docAbstract":"Human use of pharmaceuticals results in the excretion and disposal of compounds that become part of municipal and domestic waste streams. On-site waste water disposal and leaking city sewer systems can provide avenues for the migration of effluent to the underlying aquifers. This research assessed the occurrence and persistence of 22 target pharmaceuticals in septic tank effluent and two shallow, coarse-grained aquifers in western Montana. Twelve compounds (acetaminophen, caffeine, codeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, erythromycin-18, nicotine, paraxanthine, ranitidine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and warfarin) were detected in a high school septic tank effluent. Three of the 12 compounds, carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and nicotine, were detected in the underlying sand and gravel aquifer after effluent percolation through a 2.0-m thick sand vadose zone. Sampling of a second sand, gravel, and cobble dominated unconfined aquifer, partially overlain by septic systems and a city sewer system, revealed the presence of caffeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, nicotine, and trimethoprim. The presence of carbamazepine and sulfamethoxazole in these aquifers appears to correlate with local usage based on a reported monthly prescription volume. This work highlights the need for expanding geochemical investigations of sewage waste impacted ground water systems to include sampling for selected pharmaceuticals. ?? 2007 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Godfrey, E., Woessner, W., and Benotti, M., 2007, Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 3, p. 263-271, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x.","startPage":"263","endPage":"271","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x"},{"id":240394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a786ee4b0c8380cd786c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godfrey, E.","contributorId":9865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godfrey","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woessner, W.W.","contributorId":76945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woessner","given":"W.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benotti, M.J.","contributorId":21750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benotti","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029942,"text":"70029942 - 2007 - Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-09T12:31:09","indexId":"70029942","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate","docAbstract":"Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat of sI methane hydrate were measured as functions of temperature and pressure using a needle probe technique. The temperature dependence was measured between −20°C and 17°C at 31.5 MPa. The pressure dependence was measured between 31.5 and 102 MPa at 14.4°C. Only weak temperature and pressure dependencies were observed. Methane hydrate thermal conductivity differs from that of water by less than 10 per cent, too little to provide a sensitive measure of hydrate content in water-saturated systems. Thermal diffusivity of methane hydrate is more than twice that of water, however, and its specific heat is about half that of water. Thus, when drilling into or through hydrate-rich sediment, heat from the borehole can raise the formation temperature more than 20 per cent faster than if the formation's pore space contains only water. Thermal properties of methane hydrate should be considered in safety and economic assessments of hydrate-bearing sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03382.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Stern, L., Kirby, S.H., Winters, W., and Mason, D., 2007, Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate: Geophysical Journal International, v. 169, no. 2, p. 767-774, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03382.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"774","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03382.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90d2e4b08c986b31968b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, W.F.","contributorId":40329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stern, L.A.","contributorId":38293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mason, D.H.","contributorId":93952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}