{"pageNumber":"2388","pageRowStart":"59675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185058,"records":[{"id":70029946,"text":"70029946 - 2007 - Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-28T12:07:59.381307","indexId":"70029946","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan","docAbstract":"<p>A 3-D, time-dependent, baroclinic, hydrodynamic and salinity model was implemented and applied to the Danshuei River estuarine system and the adjacent coastal sea in Taiwan. The model forcing functions consist of tidal elevations along the open boundaries and freshwater inflows from the main stream and major tributaries in the Danshuei River estuarine system. The bottom friction coefficient was adjusted to achieve model calibration and verification in model simulations of barotropic and baroclinic flows. The turbulent diffusivities were ascertained through comparison of simulated salinity time series with observations. The model simulation results are in qualitative agreement with the available field data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Liu, W., Chen, W., Cheng, R.T., Hsu, M., and Kuo, A., 2007, Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan: Continental Shelf Research, v. 27, no. 7, p. 900-921, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"900","endPage":"921","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212896,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.005"},{"id":240461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Taiwan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[121.77782,24.39427],[121.17563,22.79086],[120.74708,21.97057],[120.22008,22.81486],[120.10619,23.55626],[120.69468,24.53845],[121.49504,25.29546],[121.95124,24.9976],[121.77782,24.39427]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Taiwan\"}}]}","volume":"27","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c48e4b0c8380cd6fb74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, W.-C.","contributorId":9468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"W.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, W.-B.","contributorId":62413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"W.-B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hsu, M.-H.","contributorId":28074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsu","given":"M.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuo, A.Y.","contributorId":60444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuo","given":"A.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029945,"text":"70029945 - 2007 - Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T21:52:28.503504","indexId":"70029945","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2567,"text":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Utility of R<sub>0</sub> as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","title":"Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Early theoretical work on disease invasion typically assumed large and well-mixed host populations. Many human and wildlife systems, however, have small groups with limited movement among groups. In these situations, the basic reproductive number,&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><sub>0</sub><span>, is likely to be a poor predictor of a disease pandemic because it typically does not account for group structure and movement of individuals among groups. We extend recent work by combining the movement of hosts, transmission within groups, recovery from infection and the recruitment of new susceptibles into a stochastic model of disease in a host metapopulation. We focus on how recruitment of susceptibles affects disease invasion and how population structure can affect the frequency of superspreading events (SSEs). We show that the frequency of SSEs may decrease with the reduced movement and the group sizes due to the limited number of susceptible individuals available. Classification tree analysis of the model results illustrates the hierarchical nature of disease invasion in host metapopulations. First, the pathogen must effectively transmit within a group (</span><i>R</i><sub>0</sub><span>&gt;1), and then the pathogen must persist within a group long enough to allow for movement among the groups. Therefore, the factors affecting disease persistence—such as infectious period, group size and recruitment of new susceptibles—are as important as the local transmission rates in predicting the spread of pathogens across a metapopulation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society","doi":"10.1098/rsif.2006.0185","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Johnson, P., Lloyd-Smith, J., and Getz, W.M., 2007, Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations: Journal of the Royal Society Interface, v. 4, no. 13, p. 315-324, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0185.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"324","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0185","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240460,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0cde4b08c986b32a317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Philip L.","contributorId":31810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Philip L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lloyd-Smith, James O.","contributorId":31354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd-Smith","given":"James O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Getz, Wayne M.","contributorId":201830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Getz","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36267,"text":"Dept of Environmental Science, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029943,"text":"70029943 - 2007 - Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029943","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana","docAbstract":"Human use of pharmaceuticals results in the excretion and disposal of compounds that become part of municipal and domestic waste streams. On-site waste water disposal and leaking city sewer systems can provide avenues for the migration of effluent to the underlying aquifers. This research assessed the occurrence and persistence of 22 target pharmaceuticals in septic tank effluent and two shallow, coarse-grained aquifers in western Montana. Twelve compounds (acetaminophen, caffeine, codeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, erythromycin-18, nicotine, paraxanthine, ranitidine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and warfarin) were detected in a high school septic tank effluent. Three of the 12 compounds, carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and nicotine, were detected in the underlying sand and gravel aquifer after effluent percolation through a 2.0-m thick sand vadose zone. Sampling of a second sand, gravel, and cobble dominated unconfined aquifer, partially overlain by septic systems and a city sewer system, revealed the presence of caffeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, nicotine, and trimethoprim. The presence of carbamazepine and sulfamethoxazole in these aquifers appears to correlate with local usage based on a reported monthly prescription volume. This work highlights the need for expanding geochemical investigations of sewage waste impacted ground water systems to include sampling for selected pharmaceuticals. ?? 2007 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Godfrey, E., Woessner, W., and Benotti, M., 2007, Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 3, p. 263-271, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x.","startPage":"263","endPage":"271","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x"},{"id":240394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a786ee4b0c8380cd786c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godfrey, E.","contributorId":9865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godfrey","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woessner, W.W.","contributorId":76945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woessner","given":"W.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benotti, M.J.","contributorId":21750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benotti","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029942,"text":"70029942 - 2007 - Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-09T12:31:09","indexId":"70029942","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate","docAbstract":"Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat of sI methane hydrate were measured as functions of temperature and pressure using a needle probe technique. The temperature dependence was measured between −20°C and 17°C at 31.5 MPa. The pressure dependence was measured between 31.5 and 102 MPa at 14.4°C. Only weak temperature and pressure dependencies were observed. Methane hydrate thermal conductivity differs from that of water by less than 10 per cent, too little to provide a sensitive measure of hydrate content in water-saturated systems. Thermal diffusivity of methane hydrate is more than twice that of water, however, and its specific heat is about half that of water. Thus, when drilling into or through hydrate-rich sediment, heat from the borehole can raise the formation temperature more than 20 per cent faster than if the formation's pore space contains only water. Thermal properties of methane hydrate should be considered in safety and economic assessments of hydrate-bearing sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03382.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Stern, L., Kirby, S.H., Winters, W., and Mason, D., 2007, Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in sI methane hydrate: Geophysical Journal International, v. 169, no. 2, p. 767-774, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03382.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"774","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03382.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90d2e4b08c986b31968b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, W.F.","contributorId":40329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stern, L.A.","contributorId":38293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mason, D.H.","contributorId":93952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030112,"text":"70030112 - 2007 - Coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung earthquake, Taiwan, determined from GPS measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030112","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung earthquake, Taiwan, determined from GPS measurements","docAbstract":"A coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung, Taiwan, earthquake was well determined with 213 GPS stations, providing a unique opportunity to study the characteristics of coseismic displacements of a high-angle buried reverse fault. Horizontal coseismic displacements show fault-normal shortening across the fault trace. Displacements on the hanging wall reveal fault-parallel and fault-normal lengthening. The largest horizontal and vertical GPS displacements reached 153 and 302 mm, respectively, in the middle part of the network. Fault geometry and slip distribution were determined by inverting GPS data using a three-dimensional (3-D) layered-elastic dislocation model. The slip is mainly concentrated within a 44 ?? 14 km slip patch centered at 15 km depth with peak amplitude of 126.6 cm. Results from 3-D forward-elastic model tests indicate that the dome-shaped folding on the hanging wall is reproduced with fault dips greater than 40??. Compared with the rupture area and average slip from slow slip earthquakes and a compilation of finite source models of 18 earthquakes, the Chengkung earthquake generated a larger rupture area and a lower stress drop, suggesting lower than average friction. Hence the Chengkung earthquake seems to be a transitional example between regular and slow slip earthquakes. The coseismic source model of this event indicates that the Chihshang fault is divided into a creeping segment in the north and the locked segment in the south. An average recurrence interval of 50 years for a magnitude 6.8 earthquake was estimated for the southern fault segment. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004439","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Ching, K., Rau, R., and Zeng, Y., 2007, Coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung earthquake, Taiwan, determined from GPS measurements: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004439.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477129,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004439","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212879,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004439"},{"id":240438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc5de4b0c8380cd4e24f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ching, K.-E.","contributorId":45904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ching","given":"K.-E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rau, R.-J.","contributorId":24997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rau","given":"R.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zeng, Y.","contributorId":23759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029939,"text":"70029939 - 2007 - Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029939","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal","docAbstract":"The 4-year drawdown of Horsetooth Reservoir, Colorado, for dam maintenance, provides a case study analog of vegetation response on sediment that might be exposed from removal of a tall dam. Early vegetation recovery on the exposed reservoir bottom was a combination of (1) vegetation colonization on bare, moist substrates typical of riparian zones and reservoir sediment of shallow dams and (2) a shift in moisture status from mesic to the xeric conditions associated with the pre-impoundment upland position of most of the drawdown zone. Plant communities changed rapidly during the first four years of exposure, but were still substantially different from the background upland plant community. Predictions from the recruitment box model about the locations of Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera (plains cottonwood) seedlings relative to the water surface were qualitatively confirmed with respect to optimum locations. However, the extreme vertical range of water surface elevations produced cottonwood seed regeneration well outside the predicted limits of drawdown rate and height above late summer stage. The establishment and survival of cottonwood at high elevations and the differences between the upland plant community and the community that had developed after four years of exposure suggest that vegetation recovery following tall dam removal will follow a trajectory very different from a simple reversal of the response to dam construction, involving not only long time scales of establishment and growth of upland vegetation, but also possibly decades of persistence of legacy vegetation established during the reservoir to upland transition. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Auble, G., Shafroth, P., Scott, M.L., and Roelle, J.E., 2007, Early vegetation development on an exposed reservoir: Implications for dam removal: Environmental Management, v. 39, no. 6, p. 806-818, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z.","startPage":"806","endPage":"818","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477135,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212783,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0018-z"},{"id":240321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0492e4b0c8380cd50a76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Auble, G.T.","contributorId":19505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shafroth, P.B.","contributorId":65041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, M. L.","contributorId":75090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"M.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roelle, J. E.","contributorId":91066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029938,"text":"70029938 - 2007 - Biotransformation of caffeine, cotinine, and nicotine in stream sediments: Implications for use as wastewater indicators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T10:55:33","indexId":"70029938","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biotransformation of caffeine, cotinine, and nicotine in stream sediments: Implications for use as wastewater indicators","docAbstract":"<p>Microbially catalyzed cleavage of the imadazole ring of caffeine was observed in stream sediments collected upstream and downstream of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in three geographically separate stream systems. Microbial demethylation of the <i>N</i>-methyl component of cotinine and its metabolic precursor, nicotine, also was observed in these sediments. These findings indicate that stream sediment microorganisms are able to substantially alter the chemical structure and thus the analytical signatures of these candidate waste indicator compounds. The potential for in situ biotransformation must be considered if these compounds are employed as markers to identify the sources and track the fate of wastewater compounds in surface-water systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1897/06-483R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., Barber, L.B., Kolpin, D.W., McMahon, P.B., and Chapelle, F.H., 2007, Biotransformation of caffeine, cotinine, and nicotine in stream sediments: Implications for use as wastewater indicators: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 6, p. 1116-1121, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-483R.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1116","endPage":"1121","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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,{"id":70030021,"text":"70030021 - 2007 - Declustering of clustered preferential sampling for histogram and semivariogram inference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70030021","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2700,"text":"Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Declustering of clustered preferential sampling for histogram and semivariogram inference","docAbstract":"Measurements of attributes obtained more as a consequence of business ventures than sampling design frequently result in samplings that are preferential both in location and value, typically in the form of clusters along the pay. Preferential sampling requires preprocessing for the purpose of properly inferring characteristics of the parent population, such as the cumulative distribution and the semivariogram. Consideration of the distance to the nearest neighbor allows preparation of resampled sets that produce comparable results to those from previously proposed methods. Clustered sampling of size 140, taken from an exhaustive sampling, is employed to illustrate this approach. ?? International Association for Mathematical Geology 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11004-007-9108-6","issn":"08828121","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., 2007, Declustering of clustered preferential sampling for histogram and semivariogram inference: Mathematical Geology, v. 39, no. 5, p. 453-467, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11004-007-9108-6.","startPage":"453","endPage":"467","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212961,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11004-007-9108-6"},{"id":240532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe12e4b0c8380cd4eada","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":26436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70030020,"text":"70030020 - 2007 - Courtship and mating in free-living spotted hyenas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70030020","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":986,"text":"Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Courtship and mating in free-living spotted hyenas","docAbstract":"Female spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are larger and more aggressive than males, and their genitalia are heavily 'masculinized'. These odd traits in females pose unusual challenges for males during courtship and copulation. Here our goals were to describe and quantify the behavior patterns involved in courtship and copulation in Crocuta, and determine whether rates of affiliative behavior directed toward females by males vary with female age, social rank, or time to conception. We also inquired whether consort formation with a particular female was necessary for a male to sire that female's cubs. Behavioral observations and paternity data based on 12 microsatellite loci were collected over 11 years from free-ranging hyenas in Kenya. Several of the courtship displays exhibited by male hyenas differed from those found in other carnivores, and appeared to reflect intense motivational conflict between tendencies to approach and flee from females. Most male advances were either ignored by females or elicited aggression from females toward males. Rates of male affiliative behavior toward females peaked around the time of conception. Although males behaved similarly toward young and old females in the highest social rank category, males directed more affiliative behavior toward older than younger females that were mid- and low-ranking. Multiple short mounts usually preceded a long mount, but intromission and ejaculation appeared to occur only during long mounts. Female receptivity was indicated by inhibited aggression toward the male and assumption of a distinctive receptive stance. The only behavior indicative of female proceptivity was following of the male by the female in mating contexts. Some males who sired cubs formed consortships with females whereas others did not, suggesting that individual male hyenas may adopt alternative reproductive tactics to attract and acquire mates. Our results also suggest that low fertility may be an important cost of female virilization in this species. ?? 2007 Brill Academic Publishers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1163/156853907781476418","issn":"00057959","usgsCitation":"Szykman, M., Van Horn, R.C., Engh, A., Boydston, E., and Holekamp, K., 2007, Courtship and mating in free-living spotted hyenas: Behaviour, v. 144, no. 7, p. 815-846, https://doi.org/10.1163/156853907781476418.","startPage":"815","endPage":"846","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212960,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853907781476418"},{"id":240531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"144","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc8ee4b0c8380cd4e301","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szykman, M.","contributorId":50858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szykman","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Horn, R. C.","contributorId":53745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Horn","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engh, A.L.","contributorId":50860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engh","given":"A.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boydston, E. E.","contributorId":106045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boydston","given":"E. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holekamp, K.E.","contributorId":34077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holekamp","given":"K.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030019,"text":"70030019 - 2007 - Communication using eye roll reflective signalling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70030019","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Communication using eye roll reflective signalling","docAbstract":"Body reflections in the ultraviolet (UV) are a common occurrence in nature. Despite the abundance of such signals and the presence of UV cones in the retinas of many vertebrates, the function of UV cones in the majority of taxa remains unclear. Here, we report on an unusual communication system in the razorback sucker, Xyrauchen texanus, that involves flash signals produced by quick eye rolls. Behavioural experiments and field observations indicate that this form of communication is used to signal territorial presence between males. The flash signal shows highest contrast in the UV region of fhe visual spectrum (??max???380 nm), corresponding to the maximum wavelength of absorption of the UV cone mechanism in suckers. Furthermore, these cones are restricted to the dorsal retina of the animal and the upwelling light background is such that their relative sensitivity would be enhanced by chromatic adaptation of the other cone mechanisms. Thus, the UV cones in the sucker have optimal characteristics (both in terms of absorbance and retinal topography) to constitute the main detectors of the flash signal. Our findings provide the first ecological evidence for restricted distribution of UV cones in the retina of a vertebrate. ?? 2007 The Royal Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2006.0246","issn":"09628436","usgsCitation":"Flamarique, I., Mueller, G., Cheng, C., and Figiel, C., 2007, Communication using eye roll reflective signalling: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 274, no. 1611, p. 877-882, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0246.","startPage":"877","endPage":"882","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476970,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0246","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212932,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0246"},{"id":240500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"274","issue":"1611","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f806e4b0c8380cd4ce2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flamarique, I.N.","contributorId":18981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flamarique","given":"I.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, G.A.","contributorId":9205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, C.L.","contributorId":84983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Figiel, C.R.","contributorId":53167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figiel","given":"C.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030017,"text":"70030017 - 2007 - The colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. A: current distribution, basic biology and potential threat to marine communities of the northeast and west coasts of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T14:41:43","indexId":"70030017","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The colonial ascidian <i>Didemnum</i> sp. A: current distribution, basic biology and potential threat to marine communities of the northeast and west coasts of North America","title":"The colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. A: current distribution, basic biology and potential threat to marine communities of the northeast and west coasts of North America","docAbstract":"<p><i>Didemnum</i> sp. A is a colonial ascidian with rapidly expanding populations on the east and west coasts of North America. The origin of <i>Didemum</i> sp. A is unknown. Populations were first observed on the northeast coast of the U.S. in the late 1980s and on the west coast during the 1990s. It is currently undergoing a massive population explosion and is now a dominant member of many subtidal communities on both coasts. To determine <i>Didemnum</i> sp. A's current distribution, we conducted surveys from Maine to Virginia on the east coast and from British Columbia to southern California on the west coast of the U.S. between 1998 and 2005. In nearshore locations <i>Didemnum</i> sp. A currently ranges from Eastport, Maine to Shinnecock Bay, New York on the east coast. On the west coast it has been recorded from Humboldt Bay to Port San Luis in California, several sites in Puget Sound, Washington, including a heavily fouled mussel culture facility, and several sites in southwestern British Columbia on and adjacent to oyster and mussel farms. The species also occurs at deeper subtidal sites (up to 81 m) off New England, including Georges, Stellwagen and Tillies Banks. On Georges Bank numerous sites within a 230 km2 area are 50–90% covered by <i>Didemnum</i> sp. A; large colonies cement the pebble gravel into nearly solid mats that may smother infaunal organisms. These observations suggest that <i>Didemnum</i> sp. A has the potential to alter marine communities and affect economically important activities such as fishing and aquaculture.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.020","issn":"00220981","usgsCitation":"Bullard, S., Lambert, G., Carman, M., Byrnes, J., Whitlatch, R., Ruiz, G., Miller, R.J., Harris, L., Valentine, P.C., Collie, J., Pederson, J., McNaught, D., Cohen, A., Asch, R.G., Dijkstra, J., and Heinonen, K., 2007, The colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. A: current distribution, basic biology and potential threat to marine communities of the northeast and west coasts of North America: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 342, no. 1, p. 99-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.020.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"108","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477099,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/663","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, California, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, 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G.","contributorId":65289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Asch","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Dijkstra, J.","contributorId":86175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dijkstra","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Heinonen, K.","contributorId":98117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinonen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70029937,"text":"70029937 - 2007 - Paleovalley fills: Trunk vs. tributary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029937","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleovalley fills: Trunk vs. tributary","docAbstract":"A late Mississippian-early Pennsylvanian eustatic sea level drop resulted in a complex lowstand drainage network being eroded across the Illinois Basin in the eastern United States. This drainage system was filled during the early part of the Pennsylvanian. Distinct differences can be recognized between the trunk and tributary paleovalley fills. Fills preserved within the trunk systems tend to be fluvially dominated and consist of bed-load deposits of coarse- to medium-grained sandstone and conglomerate. Conversely, the incised valleys of tributary systems tend to be filled with dark mudstone, thinly interbedded sandstones, and mudstones and siltstones. These finer grained facies exhibit marine influences manifested by tidal rhythmites, certain traces fossils, and macro- and microfauna. Examples of tributary and trunk systems, separated by no more than 7 km (4.3 mi) along strike, exhibit these styles of highly contrasting fills. Useful analogs for understanding this Pennsylvanian system include the Quaternary glacial sluiceways present in the lower Ohio, White, and Wabash river valleys of Indiana (United States) and the modern Amazon River (Brazil). Both the Amazon River and the Quaternary rivers of Indiana have (or had) trunk rivers that are (were) dominated by large quantities of bed load relative to their tributaries. The trunk valley systems of these analogs aggraded much more rapidly than their tributary valleys, which evolved into lakes because depositional rates along the trunk are (were) so high that the mouths of the tributaries have been dammed by bed-load deposits. These Holocene systems illustrate that sediment yields can significantly influence the nature of fill successions within incised valleys independent of rates of sea level changes or proximity to highstand coastlines. Copyright ?? 2007. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/11060606022","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Kvale, E., and Archer, A., 2007, Paleovalley fills: Trunk vs. tributary: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 91, no. 6, p. 809-821, https://doi.org/10.1306/11060606022.","startPage":"809","endPage":"821","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212750,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/11060606022"},{"id":240286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a745fe4b0c8380cd775ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvale, E.P.","contributorId":76076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvale","given":"E.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archer, A.W.","contributorId":8620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archer","given":"A.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030016,"text":"70030016 - 2007 - Big lake records preserved in a little lake's sediment: An example from Silver Lake, Michigan, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-06T11:33:51","indexId":"70030016","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Big lake records preserved in a little lake's sediment: An example from Silver Lake, Michigan, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>We reconstruct postglacial lake-level history within the Lake Michigan basin using soil stratigraphy, ground-penetrating radar (GPR), sedimentology and&nbsp;</span><span>14</span><span>C data from the Silver Lake basin, which lies adjacent to Lake Michigan. Stratigraphy in nine vibracores recovered from the floor of Silver Lake appears to reflect fluctuation of water levels in the Lake Michigan basin. Aeolian activity within the study area from 3,000&nbsp;years (cal yr. B.P.) to the present was inferred from analysis of buried soils, an aerial photograph sequence, and GPR. Sediments in and around Silver Lake appear to contain a paleoenvironmental record that spans the entire post-glacial history of the Lake Michigan basin. We suggest that (1) a pre-Nipissing rather than a Nipissing barrier separated Silver Lake basin from the Lake Michigan basin, (2) that the Nipissing transgression elevated the water table in the Silver Lake basin about 6,500&nbsp;cal yr. B.P., resulting in reestablishment of a lake within the basin, and (3) that recent dune migration into Silver Lake is associated with levels of Lake Michigan.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10933-006-9053-2","issn":"09212728","usgsCitation":"Fisher, T., Loope, W., Pierce, W., and Jol, H., 2007, Big lake records preserved in a little lake's sediment: An example from Silver Lake, Michigan, USA: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 37, no. 3, p. 365-382, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-006-9053-2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"365","endPage":"382","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212899,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10933-006-9053-2"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f128e4b0c8380cd4aa86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, T.G.","contributorId":67754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loope, W.L.","contributorId":22280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loope","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierce, W.","contributorId":17493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jol, H.M.","contributorId":77717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jol","given":"H.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030014,"text":"70030014 - 2007 - Development and certification of the new SRM 695 trace elements in multi-nutrient fertilizer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70030014","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development and certification of the new SRM 695 trace elements in multi-nutrient fertilizer","docAbstract":"During the past seven years, several states within the US have enacted regulations that limit the amounts of selected non-nutritive elements in fertilizers. Internationally, several countries, including Japan, China, and Australia, and the European Union also limit the amount of selected elements in fertilizers. The elements of interest include As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. Fertilizer manufacturers and state regulatory authorities, faced with meeting and verifying these limits, need to develop analytical methods for determination of the elements of concern and to validate results obtained using these methods. Until now, there were no certified reference materials available with certified mass fraction values for all elements of interest in a blended, multi-nutrient fertilizer matrix. A new standard reference material (SRM) 695 trace elements in multi-nutrient fertilizer, has been developed to help meet these needs. SRM 695 has recently been issued with certified mass fraction values for seventeen elements, reference values for an additional five elements, and information values for two elements. The certificate of analysis includes an addendum listing percentage recovery for eight of these elements, determined using an acid-extraction inductively-coupled plasma optical-emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method recently developed and tested by members of the Association of American Plant Food Control Officials. ?? Springer-Verlag 2007.","largerWorkTitle":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00216-007-1124-3","issn":"16182642","usgsCitation":"MacKey, E., Cronise, M., Fales, C., Greenberg, R., Leigh, S., Long, S., Marlow, A., Murphy, K., Oflaz, R., Sieber, J., Rearick, M., Wood, L., Yu, L., Wilson, S., Briggs, P., Brown, Z.A., Budahn, J., Kane, P., and Hall, W., 2007, Development and certification of the new SRM 695 trace elements in multi-nutrient fertilizer, <i>in</i> Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, v. 387, no. 7, p. 2401-2409, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1124-3.","startPage":"2401","endPage":"2409","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212872,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1124-3"},{"id":240431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"387","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a001de4b0c8380cd4f5c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKey, E.A.","contributorId":20160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKey","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronise, M.P.","contributorId":89725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronise","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fales, C.N.","contributorId":59633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fales","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Greenberg, R.R.","contributorId":45120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenberg","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leigh, S.D.","contributorId":45510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leigh","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Long, S.E.","contributorId":47580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Marlow, A.F.","contributorId":48761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlow","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Murphy, K.E.","contributorId":14642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Oflaz, R.","contributorId":94865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oflaz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sieber, J.R.","contributorId":44354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sieber","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rearick, M.S.","contributorId":88156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rearick","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wood, L.J.","contributorId":85777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Yu, L.L.","contributorId":100197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Wilson, S. A. 0000-0002-9468-0005","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0005","contributorId":23561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Brown, Z. A.","contributorId":82708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Budahn, J. 0000-0001-9794-8882","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":33034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Kane, P.F.","contributorId":36364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Hall, W.L. Jr.","contributorId":98542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"W.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
,{"id":70029992,"text":"70029992 - 2007 - Local magnitude determinations for intermountain seismic belt earthquakes from broadband digital data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70029992","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local magnitude determinations for intermountain seismic belt earthquakes from broadband digital data","docAbstract":"The University of Utah Seismograph Stations (UUSS) earthquake catalogs for the Utah and Yellowstone National Park regions contain two types of size measurements: local magnitude (ML) and coda magnitude (MC), which is calibrated against ML. From 1962 through 1993, UUSS calculated ML values for southern and central Intermountain Seismic Belt earthquakes using maximum peak-to-peak (p-p) amplitudes on paper records from one to five Wood-Anderson (W-A) seismographs in Utah. For ML determinations of earthquakes since 1994, UUSS has utilized synthetic W-A seismograms from U.S. National Seismic Network and UUSS broadband digital telemetry stations in the region, which numbered 23 by the end of our study period on 30 June 2002. This change has greatly increased the percentage of earthquakes for which ML can be determined. It is now possible to determine ML for all M ???3 earthquakes in the Utah and Yellowstone regions and earthquakes as small as M <1 in some areas. To maintain continuity in the magnitudes in the UUSS earthquake catalogs, we determined empirical ML station corrections that minimize differences between MLs calculated from paper and synthetic W-A records. Application of these station corrections, in combination with distance corrections from Richter (1958) which have been in use at UUSS since 1962, produces ML values that do not show any significant distance dependence. ML determinations for the Utah and Yellowstone regions for 1981-2002 using our station corrections and Richter's distance corrections have provided a reliable data set for recalibrating the MC scales for these regions. Our revised ML values are consistent with available moment magnitude determinations for Intermountain Seismic Belt earthquakes. To facilitate automatic ML measurements, we analyzed the distribution of the times of maximum p-p amplitudes in synthetic W-A records. A 30-sec time window for maximum amplitudes, beginning 5 sec before the predicted Sg time, encompasses 95% of the maximum p-p amplitudes. In our judgment, this time window represents a good compromise between maximizing the chances of capturing the maximum amplitude and minimizing the risk of including other seismic events.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120060114","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Pechmann, J., Nava, S., Terra, F., and Bernier, J., 2007, Local magnitude determinations for intermountain seismic belt earthquakes from broadband digital data: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 2, p. 557-574, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060114.","startPage":"557","endPage":"574","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213071,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120060114"},{"id":240656,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a48dfe4b0c8380cd681b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pechmann, J.C.","contributorId":102632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pechmann","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nava, S.J.","contributorId":66470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nava","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Terra, F.M.","contributorId":11832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terra","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bernier, J.C.","contributorId":30442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernier","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029993,"text":"70029993 - 2007 - A shifting mosaic of scholarly publishing, scientific delivery, and future impact changing the face of learned societies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70029993","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A shifting mosaic of scholarly publishing, scientific delivery, and future impact changing the face of learned societies","docAbstract":"Nonprofit scientific societies hope that their activities advance their particular mission and impact their profession and, in the broadest sense, humanity in positive ways. The digital age has provided unprecedented mechanisms to enhance the delivery of science to the world. The marketplace of scientific publishing is a rapidly shifting mosaic of challenges and opportunities, and the responses of nonprofit and commercial publishers vary widely, but their outcomes are still uncertain. The response of the American Society of Mammalogists (ASM) provides an example of how a relatively small society has altered its scientific delivery to enhance member benefits while attempting to sustain its economic viability. Since 2000, ASM has moved from a self-publishing, break-even, print-only model to a copublishing agreement with a commercial publisher (Alliance Communications Group, a division of Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas), which now offers members various print and electronic options and generates a shared royalty. Although it is too early to gauge the economic impact of these changes, the ASM leadership clearly attempted to signal its desire for members to view their society as a package of opportunities for edification and involvement rather than just a provider of serial subscriptions. Future challenges facing nonprofit scientific societies include open access, fiscal realities, archiving of publications, and scientific and societal impact; future opportunities include a strengthening of member responsibilities and professionalism, development of data registries to enhance scientific progress, and bundling of like societies. The manner in which nonprofit scientific societies respond to these challenges and opportunities will no doubt affect their sustainability and future impact. ?? 2007 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/06-MAMM-F-418.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Leslie, D., 2007, A shifting mosaic of scholarly publishing, scientific delivery, and future impact changing the face of learned societies: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 88, no. 2, p. 275-286, https://doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-F-418.1.","startPage":"275","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477025,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/06-mamm-f-418.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213072,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-F-418.1"},{"id":240657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e588e4b0c8380cd46dd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70030012,"text":"70030012 - 2007 - Impact of recent extreme Arizona storms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-26T17:36:54.838746","indexId":"70030012","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of recent extreme Arizona storms","docAbstract":"<p><span>Heavy rainfall on 27&ndash;31 July 2006 led to record flooding and triggered an historically unprecedented number of debris flows in the Santa Catalina Mountains north of Tucson, Ariz. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) documented record floods along four watercourses in the Tucson basin, and at least 250 hillslope failures spawned damaging debris flows in an area where less than 10 small debris flows had been documented in the past 25 years. At least 18 debris flows destroyed infrastructure in the heavily used Sabino Canyon Recreation Area (http://wwwpaztcn.wr.usgs.gov/rsch_highlight/articles/20061 l.html). In four adjacent canyons, debris flows reached the heads of alluvial fans at the boundary of the Tucson metropolitan area. While landuse planners in southeastern Arizona evaluate the potential threat of this previously little recognized hazard to residents along the mountain front, an interdisciplinary group of scientists has collaborated to better understand this extreme event.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2007EO170003","usgsCitation":"Magirl, C., Webb, R.H., Griffiths, P.G., Schaffner, M., Shoemaker, C., Pytlak, E., Yatheendradas, S., Lyon, S.W., Troch, P.A., Desilets, S.L., Goodrich, D., Unkrich, C., Youberg, A., and Pearthree, P., 2007, Impact of recent extreme Arizona storms: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 88, no. 17, p. 191-193, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007EO170003.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"193","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional 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,{"id":70029936,"text":"70029936 - 2007 - Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029936","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":914,"text":"Astronomical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims","docAbstract":"During the summer of 2005, the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed a series of occultations of the star o Ceti (Mira) by Saturn's rings. These observations revealed pronounced variations in the optical depth of the A ring with longitude, which can be attributed to oriented structures in the rings known as self-gravity wakes. While the wakes themselves are only tens of meters across and below the resolution of the measurements, we are able to obtain information about the orientation and shapes of these structures by comparing the observed transmission at different longitudes with predictions from a simple model. Our findings include the following: (1) The orientation of the wakes varies systematically with radius, trailing by between 64?? and 72?? relative to the local radial direction. (2) The maximum transmission peaks at roughly 8% for B = 3.45?? in the middle A ring (???129,000 km). (3) Both the wake orientation and maximum transmission vary anomalously in the vicinity of two strong density waves (Janus 5:4 and Mimas 5:3). (4) The ratio of the wake vertical thickness H to the wake pattern wavelength ?? (assuming infinite, straight, regularly-spaced wake structures) varies from 0.12 to 0.09 across the A ring. Gravitational instability theory predicts ?? ??? 60 m, which suggests that the wake structures in the A ring are only ???6 m thick. ?? 2007. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Astronomical Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/516828","issn":"00046256","usgsCitation":"Hedman, M., Nicholson, P.D., Salo, H., Wallis, B., Buratti, B.J., Baines, K.H., Brown, R.H., and Clark, R.N., 2007, Self-gravity wake structures in Saturn's a ring revealed by Cassini vims: Astronomical Journal, v. 133, no. 6, p. 2624-2629, https://doi.org/10.1086/516828.","startPage":"2624","endPage":"2629","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477119,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/516828","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212749,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/516828"},{"id":240285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d00e4b08c986b318214","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedman, M.M.","contributorId":91694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedman","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salo, H.","contributorId":79303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salo","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallis, B.D.","contributorId":88562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70029933,"text":"70029933 - 2007 - Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029933","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas","docAbstract":"The effects of fire on vegetation vary based on the properties and amount of existing biomass (or fuel) in a forest stand, weather conditions, and topography. Identifying controls over the spatial patterning of fire-induced vegetation change, or fire severity, is critical in understanding fire as a landscape scale process. We use gridded estimates of fire severity, derived from Landsat ETM+ imagery, to identify the biotic and abiotic factors contributing to the observed spatial patterns of fire severity in two large natural fires. Regression tree analysis indicates the importance of weather, topography, and vegetation variables in explaining fire severity patterns between the two fires. Relative humidity explained the highest proportion of total sum of squares throughout the Hoover fire (Yosemite National Park, 2001). The lowest fire severity corresponded with increased relative humidity. For the Williams fire (Sequoia/Kings Canyon National Parks, 2003) dominant vegetation type explains the highest proportion of sum of squares. Dominant vegetation was also important in determining fire severity throughout the Hoover fire. In both fires, forest stands that were dominated by lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) burned at highest severity, while red fir (Abies magnifica) stands corresponded with the lowest fire severities. There was evidence in both fires that lower wind speed corresponded with higher fire severity, although the highest fire severity in the Williams fire occurred during increased wind speed. Additionally, in the vegetation types that were associated with lower severity, burn severity was lowest when the time since last fire was fewer than 11 and 17 years for the Williams and Hoover fires, respectively. Based on the factors and patterns identified, managers can anticipate the effects of management ignited and naturally ignited fires at the forest stand and the landscape levels. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Collins, B., Kelly, M., van Wagtendonk, J., and Stephens, S., 2007, Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas: Landscape Ecology, v. 22, no. 4, p. 545-557, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5.","startPage":"545","endPage":"557","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212690,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9047-5"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b949de4b08c986b31abad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, B.M.","contributorId":33925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, M.","contributorId":39585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Wagtendonk, J. W.","contributorId":85111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Wagtendonk","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stephens, S.L.","contributorId":85694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029930,"text":"70029930 - 2007 - Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029930","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States","docAbstract":"The classification of fish species tolerance to environmental disturbance is often used as a means to assess ecosystem conditions. Its use, however, may be problematic because the approach to tolerance classification is based on subjective judgment. We analyzed fish and physicochemical data from 773 stream sites collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program to calculate tolerance indicator values for 10 physicochemical variables using weighted averaging. Tolerance indicator values (TIVs) for ammonia, chloride, dissolved oxygen, nitrite plus nitrate, pH, phosphorus, specific conductance, sulfate, suspended sediment, and water temperature were calculated for 105 common fish species of the United States. Tolerance indicator values for specific conductance and sulfate were correlated (rho = 0.87), and thus, fish species may be co-tolerant to these water-quality variables. We integrated TIVs for each species into an overall tolerance classification for comparisons with judgment-based tolerance classifications. Principal components analysis indicated that the distinction between tolerant and intolerant classifications was determined largely by tolerance to suspended sediment, specific conductance, chloride, and total phosphorus. Factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH may not be as important in distinguishing between tolerant and intolerant classifications, but may help to segregate species classified as moderate. Empirically derived tolerance classifications were 58.8% in agreement with judgment-derived tolerance classifications. Canonical discriminant analysis revealed that few TIVs, primarily chloride, could discriminate among judgment-derived tolerance classifications of tolerant, moderate, and intolerant. To our knowledge, this is the first empirically based understanding of fish species tolerance for stream fishes in the United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Meador, M.R., and Carlisle, D., 2007, Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States: Ecological Indicators, v. 7, no. 2, p. 329-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004.","startPage":"329","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.004"},{"id":240182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91efe4b0c8380cd80559","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, D.M.","contributorId":81059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029928,"text":"70029928 - 2007 - Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029928","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer","docAbstract":"Karst aquifers are uniquely vulnerable to contamination. In the Barton Springs segment of the karstic Edwards aquifer (Texas, U.S.A.), urban contaminants such as pesticides and volatile organic compounds frequently are detected in spring base flow. To determine whether contaminant concentrations change in response to storms, and if they therefore might act as tracers of focused recharge, samples were collected from Barton Springs at closely spaced intervals following three storms. Two herbicides (atrazine and simazine), two insecticides (carbaryl and diazinon), and a solvent (tetrachloroethene) described breakthrough curves over a 1-week period following one or more storms. The breakthrough curves were decomposed into two to five log-normal subcurves, which were interpreted as representing pulses of contaminants moving through the aquifer. Each subcurve could be used in the same way as an artificial tracer to determine travel time to and recovery at the spring. The contaminants have several advantages over artificial tracers: they represent the actual compounds of interest, they are injected essentially simultaneously at several points, and they are injected under those conditions when transport is of the most interest, i.e., following storms. The response of storm discharge, specific conductance, and contaminant loading at the spring depended on initial aquifer flow conditions, which varied from very low (spring discharge of 0.48??m3/s) to high (spring discharge of 2.7??m3/s): concentrations and recovery were the highest when initial aquifer flow conditions were low. This behavior provides information about aquifer structure and the influence of aquifer flow condition on transport properties. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Mahler, B., and Massei, N., 2007, Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 91, no. 1-2, p. 81-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010.","startPage":"81","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213095,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010"},{"id":240684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec58e4b0c8380cd491ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahler, B.","contributorId":32737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Massei, N.","contributorId":48347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massei","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030113,"text":"70030113 - 2007 - Natural calcium isotonic composition of urine as a marker of bone mineral balance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70030113","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1254,"text":"Clinical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural calcium isotonic composition of urine as a marker of bone mineral balance","docAbstract":"Background: We investigated whether changes in the natural isotopic composition of calcium in human urine track changes in net bone mineral balance, as predicted by a model of calcium isotopic behavior in vertebrates. If so, isotopic analysis of natural urine or blood calcium could be used to monitor short-term changes in bone mineral balance that cannot be detected with other techniques. Methods: Calcium isotopic compositions are expressed as ??44Ca, or the difference in parts per thousand between the 44Ca/40Ca of a sample and the 44Ca/ 40Ca of a standard reference material. ??44Ca was measured in urine samples from 10 persons who participated in a study of the effectiveness of countermeasures to bone loss in spaceflight, in which 17 weeks of bed rest was used to induce bone loss. Study participants were assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: controls received no treatment, one treatment group received alendronate, and another group performed resistive exercise. Measurements were made on urine samples collected before, at 2 or 3 points during, and after bed rest. Results: Urine ??44Ca values during bed rest were lower in controls than in individuals treated with alendronate (P <0.05, ANOVA) or exercise (P <0.05), and lower than the control group baseline (P <0.05, Mest). Results were consistent with the model and with biochemical and bone mineral density data. Conclusion: Results confirm the predicted relationship between bone mineral balance and calcium isotopes, suggesting that calcium isotopic analysis of urine might be refined into a clinical and research tool. ?? 2007 American Association for Clinical Chemistry.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Clinical Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1373/clinchem.2006.080143","issn":"00099147","usgsCitation":"Skulan, J., Bullen, T., Anbar, A., Puzas, J., Shackelford, L., LeBlanc, A., and Smith, S.M., 2007, Natural calcium isotonic composition of urine as a marker of bone mineral balance: Clinical Chemistry, v. 53, no. 6, p. 1155-1158, https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.080143.","startPage":"1155","endPage":"1158","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476964,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.080143","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240470,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212905,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.080143"}],"volume":"53","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a62e5e4b0c8380cd72190","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skulan, J.","contributorId":35125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skulan","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bullen, T.","contributorId":102651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anbar, A.D.","contributorId":36365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anbar","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Puzas, J.E.","contributorId":48390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puzas","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shackelford, L.","contributorId":96486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shackelford","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LeBlanc, A.","contributorId":31210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, S. M.","contributorId":27859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70029927,"text":"70029927 - 2007 - Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029927","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range","docAbstract":"Since their introduction to Guam shortly after World War II, brown tree snakes, Boiga irregularis (Merrem), have seriously impacted the biota and human population of the island. Understanding the biology of this exotic species will likely be important to the success of control programs. We compared the reproductive biology of 782 B. irregularis caught on Guam during the 1980s with results from published studies of native-range populations. Average and maximum sizes of mature snakes on Guam were larger than those from Australian populations. The majority of female brown tree snakes matured at snoutvent lengths (SVLs) of 910-1,025 mm, and most males matured at SVLs of 940-1,030 mm. on Guam. Based on growth rates from the early 1990s on Guam, sexual maturity is estimated to occur during a snake's third or fourth year. Only one female (0.3%) in our data set had oviductal eggs. Clutch size was estimated at 4.3 (SD = 2.2), based on large vitellogenic ovarian follicle (???30 mm in length) and oviductal egg counts. Unlike their Australian counterparts, the Guam population reproduced year-round. Our data offer insights into the likely reproductive patterns of brown tree snakes should they infest other islands in the Pacific region. ?? 2007 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00308870","usgsCitation":"Savidge, J.A., Qualls, F., and Rodda, G., 2007, Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range: Pacific Science, v. 61, no. 2, p. 191-199, https://doi.org/10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"191","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213068,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8bce4b0c8380cd85a51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qualls, F.J.","contributorId":76551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qualls","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030114,"text":"70030114 - 2007 - A proposed ethogram of large-carnivore predatory behavior, exemplified by the wolf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T13:33:41","indexId":"70030114","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A proposed ethogram of large-carnivore predatory behavior, exemplified by the wolf","docAbstract":"Although predatory behavior is traditionally described by a basic ethogram composed of 3 phases (search, pursue, and capture), behavioral studies of large terrestrial carnivores generally use the concept of a \"hunt\" to classify and measure foraging. This approach is problematic because there is no consensus on what behaviors constitute a hunt. We therefore examined how the basic ethogram could be used as a common framework for classifying large-carnivore behavior. We used >2,150 h of observed wolf (Canis lupus) behavior in Yellowstone National Park, including 517 and 134 encounters with elk (Cervus elaphus) and American bison (Bison bison), respectively, to demonstrate the functional importance of several frequently described, but rarely quantified, patterns of large-carnivore behavior not explicitly described by the basic ethogram (approaching, watching, and attacking groups). To account for these additionally important behaviors we propose a modified form of the basic ethogram (search, approach, watch, attack-group, attack-individual, and capture). We tested the applicability of this ethogram by comparing it to 31 previous classifications and descriptions involving 7 other species and 5 other wolf populations. Close correspondence among studies suggests that this ethogram may provide a generally useful scheme for classifying large-carnivore predatory behavior that is behaviorally less ambiguous than the concept of a hunt. ?? 2007 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/06-MAMM-A-119R1.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"MacNulty, D., Mech, L., and Smith, D., 2007, A proposed ethogram of large-carnivore predatory behavior, exemplified by the wolf: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 88, no. 3, p. 595-605, https://doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-A-119R1.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"595","endPage":"605","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477281,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/06-mamm-a-119r1.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212906,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-A-119R1.1"}],"volume":"88","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e516e4b0c8380cd46aff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacNulty, D.R.","contributorId":7661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNulty","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, D.W.","contributorId":24726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030001,"text":"70030001 - 2007 - Hydrology and water quality in two mountain basins of the northeastern US: Assessing baseline conditions and effects of ski area development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70030001","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrology and water quality in two mountain basins of the northeastern US: Assessing baseline conditions and effects of ski area development","docAbstract":"Mountain regions throughout the world face intense development pressures associated with recreational and tourism uses. Despite these pressures, much of the research on bio-geophysical impacts of humans in mountain regions has focused on the effects of natural resource extraction. This paper describes findings from the first 3 years of a study examining high elevation watershed processes in a region undergoing alpine resort development. Our study is designed as a paired-watershed experiment. The Ranch Brook watershed (9.6 km2) is a relatively pristine, forested watershed and serves as the undeveloped 'control' basin. West Branch (11.7 km2) encompasses an existing alpine ski resort, with approximately 17% of the basin occupied by ski trails and impervious surfaces, and an additional 7% slated for clearing and development. Here, we report results for water years 2001-2003 of streamflow and water quality dynamics for these watersheds. Precipitation increases significantly with elevation in the watersheds, and winter precipitation represents 36-46% of annual precipitation. Artificial snowmaking from water within West Branch watershed currently augments annual precipitation by only 3-4%. Water yield in the developed basin exceeded that in the control by 18-36%. Suspended sediment yield was more than two and a half times greater and fluxes of all major solutes were higher in the developed basin. Our study is the first to document the effects of existing ski area development on hydrology and water quality in the northeastern US and will serve as an important baseline for evaluating the effects of planned resort expansion activities in this area.","largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6700","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Wemple, B., Shanley, J., Denner, J., Ross, D., and Mills, K., 2007, Hydrology and water quality in two mountain basins of the northeastern US: Assessing baseline conditions and effects of ski area development, <i>in</i> Hydrological Processes, v. 21, no. 12, p. 1639-1650, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6700.","startPage":"1639","endPage":"1650","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212695,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6700"}],"volume":"21","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a36dde4b0c8380cd60a67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wemple, B.","contributorId":70257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wemple","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shanley, J.","contributorId":37488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denner, J.","contributorId":31215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denner","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ross, D.","contributorId":7049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mills, K.","contributorId":37036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}