{"pageNumber":"239","pageRowStart":"5950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10957,"records":[{"id":1002908,"text":"1002908 - 2004 - Avian nest success in midwestern forests fragmented by agriculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T15:44:25.705425","indexId":"1002908","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian nest success in midwestern forests fragmented by agriculture","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied how forest-bird nest success varied by landscape context from 1996 to 1998 in an agricultural region of southeastern Minnesota, southwestern Wisconsin, and northeastern Iowa. Nest success was 48% for all nests, 82% for cavity-nesting species, and 42% for cup-nesting species. Mayfield-adjusted nest success for five common species ranged from 23% for the American Redstart (</span><i>Setophaga ruticilla</i><span>) to 43% for the Eastern Wood-Pewee (</span><i>Contopus virens</i><span>). Nest success was lowest for open-cup nesters, species that reject Brown-headed Cowbird (</span><i>Molothrus ater</i><span>) eggs, species that nest near forest edges, and Neotropical migrants. The proportion of forest core area in a 5-km radius around the plot had a weakly negative relationship with daily survival rate of nests for all species pooled and for medium or high canopy nesters, species associated with interior and edge habitats, open-cup nesters, and nests located between 75 and 199 m from an edge. The proportion of forest core area was positively related to daily survival rate only for ground and low nesters. Our findings are in contrast to a number of studies from the eastern United States reporting strong positive associations between forest area and nesting success. Supported models of habitat associations changed with the spatial scale of analysis and included variables not often considered in studies of forest birds, including the proportion of water, shrubs, and grasslands in the landscape. Forest area may not be a strong indicator of nest success in landscapes where all the available forests are fragmented.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/106.1.116","usgsCitation":"Knutson, M.G., Niemi, G.J., Newton, W.E., and Friberg, M.A., 2004, Avian nest success in midwestern forests fragmented by agriculture: Condor, v. 106, no. 1, p. 116-130, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/106.1.116.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"130","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496338,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/106.1.116","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Driftless Area Ecoregion","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.65917968749999,\n              42.47209690919285\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.93408203124999,\n              43.02071359427862\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.17578124999999,\n              43.75522505306928\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.95556640625,\n              44.88701247981298\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.2080078125,\n              44.63739123445585\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.08740234375,\n              43.70759350405294\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.64794921875,\n              42.76314586689492\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.65917968749999,\n              42.47209690919285\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64af2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knutson, Melinda G.","contributorId":74338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutson","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niemi, Gerald J.","contributorId":71904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niemi","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newton, Wesley E. 0000-0002-1377-043X wnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-043X","contributorId":3661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Wesley","email":"wnewton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friberg, M. A.","contributorId":85931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70195447,"text":"70195447 - 2004 - Chronostratigraphic and depositional sequences of the Fort Union formation (Paleocene), Williston Basin, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T15:37:57","indexId":"70195447","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5382,"text":"AAPG Studies in Geology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"seriesNumber":"51","chapter":"6","title":"Chronostratigraphic and depositional sequences of the Fort Union formation (Paleocene), Williston Basin, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana","docAbstract":"<p>The Fort Union Formation in the Williston Basin of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana comprises chronostratigraphic and depositional sequences of Paleocene age. Individual chronostratigraphic sequences are defined by palynostratigraphic (pollen and spore) biozones and radiometric (<sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar) ages obtained from tonsteins or volcanic ash layers. Analyses of depositional sequences are based on lithofacies constrained by the radiometric ages and biozones.</p><p>The lower Paleocene (biozones P1-P3) contains three marine parasequences (landward stepping) in southwestern North Dakota that sequentially onlapped westward between 65 and 61 Ma (lower Ludlow and Cannonball Members). Maximum flooding (transgressive systems tract) occurred during an approximate 1-m.y. interval from 65 to 64 Ma, which regionally is correlated biostratigraphically to a tidally influenced, distributary-shoreface, and fluvial-channel complex in the Cave Hills, northwestern South Dakota, and to channel-dominated fluvial (low-stand incised paleovalley systems) and tidally influenced, flood-plain-deltaic transition facies in the Ekalaka area of southeastern Montana.</p><p>The progradational parasequences in the Cannonball Member consist of shore-face sandstone beds (with ravinement lag deposits) deposited by strand-plain barrier systems. Landward of the barrier systems, tidal-estuarine and mire deposits included thick but laterally discontinuous peat accumulations (e.g., Beta and Yule coal beds in the Ludlow Member, southwestern North Dakota). However, landward of the coastal deposits, the laterally equivalent T-Cross-Big Dirty coal zone (dated 64.78 Ma) in southeastern Montana formed as thick, laterally extensive peat accumulations in mires in a fluvial setting. In the flood-plain-deltaic, tidal transition zone near Ekalaka, Montana, the Ludlow Member consists of flood-plain facies, discontinuous coal beds, and rooted and burrowed horizons that contain the marine or brackish trace fossil<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Skolithos.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>The flood-plain-deltaic tidal transition zone facies are incised by a massive, agglomerated channel sandstone complex (paleovalley fill) that is exposed along the modern Snow Creek drainage south of Mill Iron, Montana. The flood-plain-tidal transition zone was reworked during the maximum sea level highstand during the early Paleocene. This event was followed by a fall of sea level and deposition of the paleovalley fill.</p><p>Sea level fall during the mid-Paleocene (biozones P3 and P4) produced a regressive shallow-marine and lower deltaic tidal system (seaward stepping) that deposited strata that thin toward the east. These strata are overlain by a widespread paleosol (Rhame bed) and, in turn, a lignite-bearing fluvial facies (Tongue River Member) containing the laterally persistent Harmon-Hanson coal zone (61.23 Ma). Upper Paleocene biozone P5 is represented by fluvial, coal-bearing strata that contain several economically minable coal beds (HT Butte, Hagel, and Beulah-Zap zones, Sentinel Butte Member).</p><p>The Fort Union Formation of the Williston Basin contains significant coal resources. These coal deposits are now being explored for their potential coal-bed gas resources. A better understanding of the depositional setting for these deposits can lead to improved exploration and exploitation practices and a better understanding of regional paleogeography and paleoclimate during the Paleocene.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sequence stratigraphy, paleoclimate, and tectonics of coal-bearing strata: AAPG Studies in Geology vol. 51","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/St51982C6","usgsCitation":"Warwick, P.D., Flores, R.M., Nichols, D.J., and Murphy, E., 2004, Chronostratigraphic and depositional sequences of the Fort Union formation (Paleocene), Williston Basin, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana, chap. 6 <i>of</i> Sequence stratigraphy, paleoclimate, and tectonics of coal-bearing strata: AAPG Studies in Geology vol. 51: AAPG Studies in Geology, v. 51, p. 121-145, https://doi.org/10.1306/St51982C6.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"145","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":351672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351671,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/1283/chapter/107124566/chronostratigraphic-and-depositional-sequences-of"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Williston Basin","volume":"51","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff0689e4b0da30c1bfcdb7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Pashin, Jack C.","contributorId":190847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pashin","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728660,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gastaldo, Robert A.","contributorId":13389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gastaldo","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728661,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flores, Romeo M. rflores@usgs.gov","contributorId":71984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"Romeo","email":"rflores@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, Douglas J.","contributorId":87184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murphy, Edward C.","contributorId":8826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Edward C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027276,"text":"70027276 - 2004 - Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera, California, provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-17T10:43:55","indexId":"70027276","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera, California, provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing","docAbstract":"<p><span>Most of 26 small (0.4≲</span><i>M</i><span>≲3.1) microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera in mid-1997, analyzed using data from a dense temporary network of 69 digital three-component seismometers, have significantly non-double-couple focal mechanisms, inconsistent with simple shear faulting. We determined their mechanisms by inverting&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>- and&nbsp;</span><i>S</i><span>-wave polarities and amplitude ratios using linear-programming methods, and tracing rays through a three-dimensional Earth model derived using tomography. More than 80% of the mechanisms have positive (volume increase) isotropic components and most have compensated linear-vector dipole components with outward-directed major dipoles. The simplest interpretation of these mechanisms is combined shear and extensional faulting with a volume-compensating process, such as rapid flow of water, steam, or CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;into opening tensile cracks. Source orientations of earthquakes in the south moat suggest extensional faulting on ESE-striking subvertical planes, an orientation consistent with planes defined by earthquake hypocenters. The focal mechanisms show that clearly defined hypocentral planes in different locations result from different source processes. One such plane in the eastern south moat is consistent with extensional faulting, while one near Casa Diablo Hot Springs reflects en echelon right-lateral shear faulting. Source orientations at Mammoth Mountain vary systematically with location, indicating that the volcano influences the local stress field. Events in a ‘spasmodic burst’ at Mammoth Mountain have practically identical mechanisms that indicate nearly pure compensated tensile failure and high fluid mobility. Five earthquakes had mechanisms involving small volume decreases, but these may not be significant. No mechanisms have volumetric moment fractions larger than that of a force dipole, but the reason for this fact is unknown.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00420-7","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Foulger, G., Julian, B., Hill, D., Pitt, A., Malin, P., and Shalev, E., 2004, Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera, California, provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 132, no. 1, p. 45-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00420-7.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209009,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00420-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.96545410156251,\n              37.62075814551956\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.60427856445311,\n              37.62075814551956\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.60427856445311,\n              37.79350762410675\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.96545410156251,\n              37.79350762410675\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.96545410156251,\n              37.62075814551956\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6740e4b0c8380cd73245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foulger, G.R.","contributorId":14439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foulger","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julian, B.R.","contributorId":101272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitt, A.D.","contributorId":41440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitt","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Malin, P.E.","contributorId":108104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malin","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shalev, E.","contributorId":95659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shalev","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70026928,"text":"70026928 - 2004 - Scientific overview and historical context of the 1811-1812 new Madrid earthquake sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T20:35:36","indexId":"70026928","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":793,"text":"Annals of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scientific overview and historical context of the 1811-1812 new Madrid earthquake sequence","docAbstract":"The central and eastern United States has experienced only 5 historic earthquakes with Mw 7.0, four during the New Madrid sequence of 1811-1812: three principal mainshocks and the so-called «dawn aftershock» following the first mainshock. Much of the historic earthquake research done in the United States has focused on the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ), because the largest New Madrid earthquakes may represent the archetype for the most damaging earthquakes to be expected in intraplate regions. Published magnitude values ranging from 7.0 to 8.75 have generally been based on macroseismic effects, which provide the most direct constraint on source size for the events. Critical to the interpretation of these accounts is an understanding of their historic context. Early settlments clustered along waterways, where substantial amplification of seismic waves is expected. Analyzing the New Madrid intensity values with a consideration of these effects yields preferred values of Mw 7.2-7.3, 7.0, and 7.4-7.5 for the December, January, and February mainshocks, respectively, and of 7.0 for the «dawn\naftershock». These values are consistent with other lines of evidence, including scaling relationships. Finally, I show that accounts from the New Madrid sequence reveal evidence for remotely triggered earthquakes well outside the NMSZ. Remotely triggered earthquakes represent a potentially important new wrinkle in historic earthquake research, as their ground motions can sometimes be confused with mainshock ground motions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4401/ag-3318","issn":"15935213","usgsCitation":"Hough, S., 2004, Scientific overview and historical context of the 1811-1812 new Madrid earthquake sequence: Annals of Geophysics, v. 47, no. 2-3, p. 523-537, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3318.","startPage":"523","endPage":"537","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487487,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3318","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":269206,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-3318"},{"id":235251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b878ae4b08c986b316539","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, S. E. 0000-0002-5980-2986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":7316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001081,"text":"1001081 - 2004 - Burrowing mayflies as indicators of ecosystem health: Status of populations in two western Lake Superior embayments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T12:49:27","indexId":"1001081","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":865,"text":"Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Burrowing mayflies as indicators of ecosystem health: Status of populations in two western Lake Superior embayments","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Environment Canada are supporting the development of indicators of ecosystem health that can be used to report on progress in restoring and maintaining the Great Lakes ecosystem, as called for in the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement between the United States and Canada. One indicator under development for Great Lakes mesotrophic environments is based on burrowing mayflies (<i>Hexagenia</i>: Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae). In this paper, we report the results of a benthic survey in spring 2002 to determine the status of nymphal populations of <i>Hexagenia</i> in two western Lake Superior embayments, the St. Louis River estuary, an area with significant water-use impairments, and Chequamegon Bay, an area with no known water-use impairments. Ponar grab samples collected throughout these embayments showed nymphs were generally abundant in finely particulate, cohesive substrate (clay or mixtures of clay and sand) in both embayments. However, in the St. Louis River estuary nymphs were absent in those preferred substrates at 11 stations in the eastern portion of St. Louis Bay and the adjoining northwestern portion of the Duluth-Superior Harbor, where the sediments were variously contaminated with visible amounts of taconite pellets, paint chips, oil, or combusted coal waste (clinkers). Our results suggest that human activities have rendered those portions of the St. Louis River estuary unsuitable for habitation by <i>Hexagenia</i> nymphs and we recommend that trend monitoring of the nymphal population there be conducted to permit reporting on progress in restoring and maintaining the health and integrity of this Great Lakes ecosystem embayment, consistent with the intent of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/14634980490513346","usgsCitation":"Edsall, T.A., Gorman, O.T., and Evrard, L.M., 2004, Burrowing mayflies as indicators of ecosystem health: Status of populations in two western Lake Superior embayments: Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, v. 7, no. 4, p. 507-513, https://doi.org/10.1080/14634980490513346.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"507","endPage":"513","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior","volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f991c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edsall, Thomas A.","contributorId":84302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":310428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorman, Owen T. 0000-0003-0451-110X otgorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0451-110X","contributorId":2888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"Owen","email":"otgorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evrard, Lori M. 0000-0001-8582-5818 levrard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8582-5818","contributorId":2720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evrard","given":"Lori","email":"levrard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027524,"text":"70027524 - 2004 - Delineation of tectonic provinces of New York state as a component of seismic-hazard evaluation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70027524","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2897,"text":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delineation of tectonic provinces of New York state as a component of seismic-hazard evaluation","docAbstract":"Seismic-hazard evaluations in the eastern United States must be based on interpretations of the composition and form of Proterozoic basement-rock terranes and overlying Paleozoic strata, and on factors that can cause relative movements among their units, rather than Phanerozoic orogenic structures, which may be independent of modern tectonics. The tectonic-province concept is a major part of both probabilistic and deterministic seismic-hazard evaluations, yet those that have been proposed to date have not attempted to geographically correlate modern earthquakes with regional basement structure. Comparison of basement terrane (megablock) boundaries with the spatial pattern of modern seismicity may lead to the mechanically sound definition of tectonic provinces, and thus, better seismic-hazard evaluation capability than is currently available. Delineation of megablock boundaries will require research on the many factors that affect their structure and movement. This paper discusses and groups these factors into two broad categories-megablock tectonics in relation to seismicity and regional horizontal-compressive stresses, with megablock tectonics divided into subcategories of basement, overlying strata, regional lineaments, basement tectonic terranes, earthquake epicenter distribution, and epeirogeny, and compressive stresses divided into pop-ups and the contemporary maximum horizontal-compressive stress field. A list presenting four to nine proposed research topics for each of these categories is given at the end.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01941453","usgsCitation":"Fakundiny, R., 2004, Delineation of tectonic provinces of New York state as a component of seismic-hazard evaluation: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, v. 26, no. 1-2, p. 142-173.","startPage":"142","endPage":"173","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe73e4b0c8380cd4ed2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fakundiny, R.H.","contributorId":82493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fakundiny","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027478,"text":"70027478 - 2004 - Interseismic strain and rotation rates in the northeast Mojave domain, eastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-08T16:03:21.956714","indexId":"70027478","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interseismic strain and rotation rates in the northeast Mojave domain, eastern California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The northeast Mojave domain, a type locality for bookshelf faulting, is a region of east striking, left-lateral faults in the northeast corner of the Mojave block, a block otherwise dominated by ∼N40°W striking, right-lateral faults. Paleomagnetic evidence suggests that blocks within the domain have rotated clockwise about a vertical axis as much as 60° since 12.8 Ma [Schermer et al., 1996]</span><span>. In 1994, and again in 2002, the U.S. Geological Survey surveyed an array of 14 geodetic monuments distributed across the northeast Mojave domain. The 2002 survey results were adjusted to remove the coseismic offsets imposed by the nearby Hector Mine earthquake (16 October 1999,&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub><i>w</i></sub><span>&nbsp;= 7.1). The adjusted deformation across the array appears to be uniform and can be approximated by the principal strain rates ε</span><sub>1</sub><span>&nbsp;= 28.9 ± 9.1 N77.2°W ± 4.8° and ε</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;= −48.2 ± 8.9 N12.8°E ± 4.8° nstrain yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>; extension reckoned positive, and quoted uncertainties are standard deviations. That strain accumulation could be released by slip on faults striking N32°W but not by bookshelf faulting on the east striking faults alone. The vertical axis rotation rate of the northeast Mojave domain as a whole relative to fixed North America is 71.0 ± 6.4 nrad yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(4.07° ± 0.37° Myr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) clockwise, about twice the maximum tensor shear strain rate. The observed rotation rate acting over 12.8 Myr would produce a clockwise rotation of 52.1° ± 4.7°, exclusive of possible coseismic rotations. That rotation is in rough agreement with the paleomagnetic rotation accumulated in the individual fault blocks within the northeast Mojave domain since 12.8 Ma.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2003JB002705","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., Svarc, J.L., and Prescott, I.W., 2004, Interseismic strain and rotation rates in the northeast Mojave domain, eastern California: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 109, no. 2, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002705.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478115,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jb002705","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.125,\n              34.016241889667015\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.13671875,\n              34.016241889667015\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.13671875,\n              35.85343961959182\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.125,\n              35.85343961959182\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.125,\n              34.016241889667015\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3da7e4b0c8380cd6371f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Svarc, J. L.","contributorId":75995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prescott, II W.","contributorId":50348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027141,"text":"70027141 - 2004 - Miocene extension and extensional folding in an anticlinal segment of the Black Mountains accommodation zone, Colorado River extensional corridor, southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:31","indexId":"70027141","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Miocene extension and extensional folding in an anticlinal segment of the Black Mountains accommodation zone, Colorado River extensional corridor, southwestern United States","docAbstract":"Recent studies demonstrate that rifts are characterized by linked tilt domains, each containing a consistent polarity of normal faults and stratal tilt directions, and that the transition between domains is typically through formation of accommodation zones and generally not through production of throughgoing transfer faults. The mid-Miocene Black Mountains accommodation zone of southern Nevada and western Arizona is a well-exposed example of an accommodation zone linking two regionally extensive and opposing tilt domains. In the southeastern part of this zone near Kingman, Arizona, east dipping normal faults of the Whipple tilt domain and west dipping normal faults of the Lake Mead domain coalesce across a relatively narrow region characterized by a series of linked, extensional folds. The geometry of these folds in this strike-parallel portion of the accommodation zone is dictated by the geometry of the interdigitating normal faults of opposed polarity. Synclines formed where normal faults of opposite polarity face away from each other whereas anticlines formed where the opposed normal faults face each other. Opposed normal faults with small overlaps produced short folds with axial trends at significant angles to regional strike directions, whereas large fault overlaps produce elongate folds parallel to faults. Analysis of faults shows that the folds are purely extensional and result from east/northeast stretching and fault-related tilting. The structural geometry of this portion of the accommodation zone mirrors that of the Black Mountains accommodation zone more regionally, with both transverse and strike-parallel antithetic segments. Normal faults of both tilt domains lose displacement and terminate within the accommodation zone northwest of Kingman, Arizona. However, isotopic dating of growth sequences and crosscutting relationships show that the initiation of the two fault systems in this area was not entirely synchronous and that west dipping faults of the Lake Mead domain began to form between 1 m.y. to 0.2 m.y. prior to east dipping faults of the Whipple domain. The accommodation zone formed above an active and evolving magmatic center that, prior to rifting, produced intermediate-composition volcanic rocks and that, during rifting, produced voluminous rhyolite and basalt magmas. Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2002TC001454","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Varga, R.J., Faulds, J.E., Snee, L., Harlan, S.S., and Bettison-Varga, L., 2004, Miocene extension and extensional folding in an anticlinal segment of the Black Mountains accommodation zone, Colorado River extensional corridor, southwestern United States: Tectonics, v. 23, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002TC001454.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209125,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002TC001454"},{"id":235335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b34e4b0c8380cd6f3da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varga, R. J.","contributorId":50977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varga","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faulds, J. E.","contributorId":84854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulds","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harlan, S. S.","contributorId":11651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlan","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bettison-Varga, L.","contributorId":30013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettison-Varga","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70027135,"text":"70027135 - 2004 - Pesticides in surface water runoff in south-eastern New York State, USA: Seasonal and stormflow effects on concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:32","indexId":"70027135","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Pesticides in surface water runoff in south-eastern New York State, USA: Seasonal and stormflow effects on concentrations","docAbstract":"Samples from two streams (Kisco River and the Middle Branch of the Croton River) in the Croton Reservoir system in south-eastern New York State, USA were sampled from May 2000 through to February 2001 in order to document the effect of land use, streamflow and seasonal patterns of application on pesticide concentrations in runoff from developed watersheds. Many of the pesticides detected most commonly in this study are generally used in developed areas, and particularly on turfgrass. Pesticide concentrations were generally higher, and the numbers of compounds were generally larger, in samples from the Kisco River than in samples from the Middle Branch, probably because the Kisco River drainage has a greater population density and is more extensively developed. Four pesticides (2,4-D, 2,4-D-methyl, dicamba and metalaxyl) were detected in at least one sample from the Kisco River at a concentration > 1 ??g litre-1, and no pesticides were detected at concentrations >0.4 ??g litre-1 in Middle Branch samples. No human-health-based water-quality standards were exceeded by samples from either site in this study, but samples from the Kisco River contained four insecticides (carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, diazinon and malathion) and one herbicide (2,4-D) in concentrations that exceeded water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic life. The highest concentrations of most compounds occurred during stormflows in both streams in June, September and December, 2000. The lowest concentrations of most compounds at both sites occurred during baseflows from October 2000 through February 2001, even though the concentrations of many compounds increased substantially at the Kisco River site during stormflows in November and December. Detailed data on the variability of pesticide concentrations during stormflows indicate that there may be two sources of pesticides in the Kisco River watershed: (1) elevated concentrations of pesticides during peak flows that occur early in stormflows likely reflect runoff from paved areas, and (2) elevated concentrations during peak flows that occur later in stormflows from areas with lesser amounts of pavement. Data from the Kisco River indicate that the relation between storm discharge and pesticide concentrations varies among compounds, in part because of variation in seasonal application patterns. These variations in the timing of application result in not all stormflows producing increased concentrations of pesticides. Overall, these results indicate the importance of stormflow sampling throughout the year in assessing pesticide late and transport in urbanized, developed areas.","largerWorkTitle":"Pest Management Science","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/ps.879","issn":"1526498X","usgsCitation":"Phillips, P.J., and Bode, R., 2004, Pesticides in surface water runoff in south-eastern New York State, USA: Seasonal and stormflow effects on concentrations, <i>in</i> Pest Management Science, v. 60, no. 6, p. 531-543, https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.879.","startPage":"531","endPage":"543","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209051,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.879"},{"id":235229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7765e4b0c8380cd784a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, P. J.","contributorId":31728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bode, R.W.","contributorId":77341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bode","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70026925,"text":"70026925 - 2004 - Use of a latitudinal gradient in bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) production to examine physiological controls of biotic boundaries and potential responses to environment change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:35","indexId":"70026925","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1839,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a latitudinal gradient in bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) production to examine physiological controls of biotic boundaries and potential responses to environment change","docAbstract":"Aim: Predictions of vegetation change with global warming require models that accurately reflect physiological processes underlying growth limitations and species distributions. However, information about environmental controls on physiology and consequent effects on species boundaries and ecosystem functions such as production is limited, especially for forested wetlands that are potentially important carbon sinks. Location: The bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) region of the south-eastern United States was studied to examine how production of an important forested wetland varies with latitude and temperature as well as local hydrology. Methods: We used published data to analyse litter production across a latitudinal gradient from 26.2 to 37.8?? N to determine how bald cypress swamps might respond to alternate climate conditions and what changes might occur throughout the distributional range. Results: Litterfall rates followed a bell shaped curve, indicating that production was more limited at the distributional boundaries (c. 225 g/m2 year-1) compared to the mid-range (795-1126 g/m2 year-1). This pattern suggests that conditions are sub-optimal near both boundaries and that the absence of populations outside this latitudinal range may be largely due to physiological constraints on the carbon balance of dominant species. While dispersal limitations cannot be totally discounted, competition with other wetland types at the extremes of the range does not seem likely to be important because the relative basal area of bald cypress does not decrease near the edges of the range. Impaired hydrology depressed production across the entire range, but more in the south than the north. Main conclusions: Our findings suggest that (1) physiological limitations constrain biotic boundaries of bald cypress swamps; (2) future changes in global temperature would affect litter production in a nonlinear manner across the distributional range; (3) local changes in hydrology may interact with climate to further reduce litter production, particularly at lower latitudes; and (4) southernmost forests could be extirpated if environmental conditions compromise carbon balance and water-use efficiency of trees. ?? 2004 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1466-822X.2004.00088.x","issn":"1466822X","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B., and McKee, K., 2004, Use of a latitudinal gradient in bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) production to examine physiological controls of biotic boundaries and potential responses to environment change: Global Ecology and Biogeography, v. 13, no. 3, p. 247-258, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-822X.2004.00088.x.","startPage":"247","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209043,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-822X.2004.00088.x"},{"id":235217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe95e4b08c986b329680","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, B.A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":89108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"B.A.","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":411660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, K.L. 0000-0001-7042-670X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":77113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70026919,"text":"70026919 - 2004 - Community preparedness for lava flows from Mauna Loa and Hualālai volcanoes, Kona, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-17T11:08:19","indexId":"70026919","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Community preparedness for lava flows from Mauna Loa and Hualālai volcanoes, Kona, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"<p>Lava flows from Mauna Loa and Hualālai volcanoes are a major volcanic hazard that could impact the western portion of the island of Hawai'i (e.g., Kona). The most recent eruptions of these two volcanoes to affect Kona occurred in A.D. 1950 and ca. 1800, respectively. In contrast, in eastern Hawai'i, eruptions of neighboring Kilauea volcano have occurred frequently since 1955, and therefore have been the focus for hazard mitigation. Official preparedness and response measures are therefore modeled on typical eruptions of Kilauea. The combinations of short-lived precursory activity (e.g., volcanic tremor) at Mauna Loa, the potential for fast-moving lava flows, and the proximity of Kona communities to potential vents represent significant emergency management concerns in Kona. Less is known about past eruptions of Hualālai, but similar concerns exist. Future lava flows present an increased threat to personal safety because of the short times that may be available for responding. Mitigation must address not only the specific characteristics of volcanic hazards in Kona, but also the manner in which the hazards relate to the communities likely to be affected. This paper describes the first steps in developing effective mitigation plans: measuring the current state of people's knowledge of eruption parameters and the implications for their safety. We present results of a questionnaire survey administered to 462 high school students and adults in Kona. The rationale for this study was the long lapsed time since the last Kona eruption, and the high population growth and expansion of infrastructure over this time interval. Anticipated future growth in social and economic infrastructure in this area provides additional justification for this work. The residents of Kona have received little or no specific information about how to react to future volcanic eruptions or warnings, and short-term preparedness levels are low. Respondents appear uncertain about how to respond to threatening lava flows and overestimate the minimum time available to react, suggesting that personal risk levels are unnecessarily high. A successful volcanic warning plan in Kona must be tailored to meet the unique situation there. Springer-Verlag 2004.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-004-0338-x","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Gregg, C., Houghton, B.F., Paton, D., Swanson, D., and Johnston, D., 2004, Community preparedness for lava flows from Mauna Loa and Hualālai volcanoes, Kona, Hawai'i: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 66, no. 6, p. 531-540, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-004-0338-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"531","endPage":"540","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502532,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Community_preparedness_for_lava_flows_from_Mauna_Loa_and_Hualalai_volcanoes_Kona_Hawai_i/22847921","text":"External Repository"},{"id":235117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208976,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-004-0338-x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Loa volcano, Hualālai volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.9893798828125,\n              19.287813240262167\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3466796875,\n              19.287813240262167\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3466796875,\n              19.72534224805787\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.9893798828125,\n              19.72534224805787\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.9893798828125,\n              19.287813240262167\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f809e4b0c8380cd4ce3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gregg, Chris E.","contributorId":40397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Chris E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":411630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paton, Douglas","contributorId":64861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paton","given":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":3137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":411629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnston, David M.","contributorId":68082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"David M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70026918,"text":"70026918 - 2004 - Pacific and Atlantic Ocean influences on multidecadal drought frequency in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:31","indexId":"70026918","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pacific and Atlantic Ocean influences on multidecadal drought frequency in the United States","docAbstract":"More than half (52%) of the spatial and temporal variance in multidecadal drought frequency over the conterminous United States is attributable to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). An additional 22% of the variance in drought frequency is related to a complex spatial pattern of positive and negative trends in drought occurrence possibly related to increasing Northern Hemisphere temperatures or some other unidirectional climate trend. Recent droughts with broad impacts over the conterminous U.S. (1996, 1999-2002) were associated with North Atlantic warming (positive AMO) and north-eastern and tropical Pacific cooling (negative PDO). Much of the long-term predictability of drought frequency may reside in the multidecadal behavior of the North Atlantic Ocean. Should the current positive AMO (warm North Atlantic) conditions persist into the upcoming decade, we suggest two possible drought scenarios that resemble the continental-scale patterns of the 1930s (positive PDO) and 1950s (negative PDO) drought.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0306738101","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., Palecki, M., and Betancourt, J., 2004, Pacific and Atlantic Ocean influences on multidecadal drought frequency in the United States: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 101, no. 12, p. 4136-4141, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0306738101.","startPage":"4136","endPage":"4141","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478128,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/384707","text":"External Repository"},{"id":208952,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0306738101"},{"id":235079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7390e4b0c8380cd770f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palecki, M.A.","contributorId":74489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palecki","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Betancourt, J.L. 0000-0002-7165-0743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":87505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":411628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70026858,"text":"70026858 - 2004 - Hydrochemical tracers in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA: 1. Conceptualization of groundwater flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:41:12","indexId":"70026858","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrochemical tracers in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA: 1. Conceptualization of groundwater flow","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">Chemical and isotopic data for groundwater from throughout the Middle Rio Grande Basin, central New Mexico, USA, were used to identify and map groundwater flow from 12 sources of water to the basin, evaluate radiocarbon ages, and refine the conceptual model of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system.</p><p class=\"Para\">Hydrochemical zones, representing groundwater flow over thousands to tens of thousands of years, can be traced over large distances through the primarily siliciclastic aquifer system. The locations of the hydrochemical zones mostly reflect the “modern” predevelopment hydraulic-head distribution, but are inconsistent with a trough in predevelopment water levels in the west-central part of the basin, indicating that this trough is a transient rather than a long-term feature of the aquifer system. Radiocarbon ages adjusted for geochemical reactions, mixing, and evapotranspiration/dilution processes in the aquifer system were nearly identical to the unadjusted radiocarbon ages, and ranged from modern to more than 30&nbsp;ka. Age gradients from piezometer nests ranged from 0.1 to 2&nbsp;year&nbsp;cm<sup>–1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and indicate a recharge rate of about 3&nbsp;cm&nbsp;year<sup>–1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for recharge along the eastern mountain front and infiltration from the Rio Grande near Albuquerque. There has been appreciably less recharge along the eastern mountain front north and south of Albuquerque.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-004-0324-6","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Plummer, N., Bexfield, L.M., Anderholm, S., Sanford, W., and Busenberg, E., 2004, Hydrochemical tracers in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA: 1. Conceptualization of groundwater flow: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 12, no. 4, p. 359-388, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0324-6.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"388","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209087,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0324-6"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.5,34.25 ], [ -107.5,35.75 ], [ -106.0,35.75 ], [ -106.0,34.25 ], [ -107.5,34.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3331e4b0c8380cd5ede7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":411387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bexfield, L. M.","contributorId":36593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bexfield","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderholm, S. K.","contributorId":69149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderholm","given":"S. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Busenberg, E.","contributorId":56796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70026683,"text":"70026683 - 2004 - Assessing the potential for fish predation to impact zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha): Insight from bioenergetics models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70026683","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the potential for fish predation to impact zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha): Insight from bioenergetics models","docAbstract":"Rates of annual food consumption and biomass were modeled for several fish species across representative rivers and lakes in eastern North America. Results were combined to assess the relative potential of fish predation to impact zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha). Predicted annual food consumption by fishes in southern waters was over 100% greater than that in northern systems because of warmer annual water temperatures and presumed increases in metabolic demand. Although generally increasing with latitude, biomasses of several key zebra mussel fish predators did not change significantly across latitudes. Biomasses of some less abundant fish predators did increase significantly with latitude, but increases were not of the magnitude to offset predicted decreases in food consumption. Our results generally support the premise that fishes in rivers and lakes of the southern United States (U.S.) have inherently greater potential to impact zebra mussels by predation. Our simulations may provide a partial explanation of why zebra mussel invasions have not been as rapid and widespread in southern U.S. waters compared to the Great Lakes region. ?? Blackwell Munksgaard, 2004.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2004.00033.x","issn":"09066691","usgsCitation":"Eggleton, M., Miranda, L., and Kirk, J., 2004, Assessing the potential for fish predation to impact zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha): Insight from bioenergetics models: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 13, no. 2, p. 85-95, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2004.00033.x.","startPage":"85","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208411,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2004.00033.x"},{"id":234147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edede4b0c8380cd49af6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eggleton, M.A.","contributorId":40370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleton","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, L.E.","contributorId":58406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, J.P.","contributorId":99744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70026646,"text":"70026646 - 2004 - Divergence among barking frogs (<i>Eleutherodactylus augusti</i>) in the southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T11:49:37","indexId":"70026646","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divergence among barking frogs (<i>Eleutherodactylus augusti</i>) in the southwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Barking frogs (<i>Eleutherodactylus augusti</i>) are distributed from southern Mexico along the Sierra Madre Occidental into Arizona and the Sierra Madre Oriental into Texas and New Mexico. Barking frogs in Arizona and most of Texas live in rocky areas in oak woodland, while those in New Mexico and far western Texas live in rodent burrows in desertscrub. Barking frogs in each of the three states have distinct coloration and differ in sexually dimorphic characters, female vocalization, and skin toxicity. We analyzed advertisement call variation and conducted a phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial DNA sequences (ND2 and tRNA regions) for barking frogs from these three states. Advertisement calls of frogs from Arizona were significantly longer in duration, higher in frequency, and had longer duration pulses than those of frogs from either New Mexico or Texas; frogs from these latter two sites were indistinguishable in these call variables. Phylogenetic analysis showed deep divisions among barking frogs from the three states. Differences in call structure, coloration, and mitochondrial DNA sequences strongly suggest that barking frogs in Arizona are reproductively isolated from those in New Mexico and Texas. Our results indicate that either northern populations are connected via gene flow through southern Mexico (i.e., they are subspecies as currently recognized), or represent independent lineages as originally described (i.e., western barking frogs, <i>E. cactorum</i> in AZ, and the eastern barking frogs, <i>E. latrans</i> in NM, TX).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Chicago Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1655/03-81","issn":"00180831","usgsCitation":"Goldberg, C.S., Sullivan, B.K., Malone, J.H., and Schwalbe, C.R., 2004, Divergence among barking frogs (<i>Eleutherodactylus augusti</i>) in the southwestern United States: Herpetologica, v. 60, no. 3, p. 312-320, https://doi.org/10.1655/03-81.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"312","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico, 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K.","contributorId":177225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":410313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, John H.","contributorId":177226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malone","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12734,"text":"University of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":410312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwalbe, Cecil R. cschwalbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":3077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"Cecil","email":"cschwalbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science 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,{"id":70026459,"text":"70026459 - 2004 - Using an ecoregion framework to analyze land-cover and land-use dynamics.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T11:55:27","indexId":"70026459","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using an ecoregion framework to analyze land-cover and land-use dynamics.","docAbstract":"The United States has a highly varied landscape because of wide-ranging differences in combinations of climatic, geologic, edaphic, hydrologic, vegetative, and human management (land use) factors. Land uses are dynamic, with the types and rates of change dependent on a host of variables, including land accessibility, economic considerations, and the internal increase and movement of the human population. There is a convergence of evidence that ecoregions are very useful for organizing, interpreting, and reporting information about land-use dynamics. Ecoregion boundaries correspond well with patterns of land cover, urban settlement, agricultural variables, and resource-based industries. We implemented an ecoregion framework to document trends in contemporary land-cover and land-use dynamics over the conterminous United States from 1973 to 2000. Examples of results from six eastern ecoregions show that the relative abundance, grain of pattern, and human alteration of land-cover types organize well by ecoregion and that these characteristics of change, themselves, change through time.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-003-0145-3","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Gallant, A.L., Loveland, T., Sohl, T.L., and Napton, D., 2004, Using an ecoregion framework to analyze land-cover and land-use dynamics.: Environmental Management, v. 34, p. S89-S110, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0145-3.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"S89","endPage":"S110","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269302,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0145-3"}],"volume":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc033e4b08c986b329fab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":23508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":106125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":409600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":76419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Napton, D.E.","contributorId":23720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Napton","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70026422,"text":"70026422 - 2004 - Inverse kinematic and forward dynamic models of the 2002 Denali fault earthquake, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-13T10:29:17.930274","indexId":"70026422","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inverse kinematic and forward dynamic models of the 2002 Denali fault earthquake, Alaska","docAbstract":"We perform inverse kinematic and forward dynamic models of the M 7.9 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake to shed light on the rupture process and dynamics of this event, which took place on a geometrically complex fault system in central Alaska. We use a combination of local seismic and Global Positioning System (GPS) data for our kinematic inversion and find that the slip distribution of this event is characterized by three major asperities on the Denali fault. The rupture nucleated on the Susitna Glacier thrust fault, and after a pause, propagated onto the strike-slip Denali fault. Approximately 216 km to the east, the rupture abandoned the Denali fault in favor of the more southwesterly directed Totschunda fault. Three-dimensional dynamic models of this event indicate that the abandonment of the Denali fault for the Totschunda fault can be explained by the Totschunda fault's more favorable orientation with respect to the local stress field. However, a uniform tectonic stress field cannot explain the complex slip pattern in this event. We also find that our dynamic models predict discontinuous rupture from the Denali to Totschunda fault segments. Such discontinuous rupture helps to qualitatively improve our kinematic inverse models. Two principal implications of our study are (1) a combination of inverse and forward modeling can bring insight into earthquake processes that are not possible with either technique alone, and (2) the stress field on geometrically complex fault systems is most likely not due to a uniform tectonic stress field that is resolved onto fault segments of different orientations; rather, other forms of stress heterogeneity must be invoked to explain the observed slip patterns.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120040620","usgsCitation":"Oglesby, D., Dreger, D.S., Harris, R., Ratchkovski, N., and Hansen, R., 2004, Inverse kinematic and forward dynamic models of the 2002 Denali fault earthquake, Alaska: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 94, no. 6B, p. S214-S233, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040620.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"S214","endPage":"S233","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.26953125,\n              61.18562468142281\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.4892578125,\n              59.265880628258095\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.228515625,\n              59.44507509904714\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.26171875,\n              63.450509218001095\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.8212890625,\n              63.80189351770543\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.6884765625,\n              63.6267446447533\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.26953125,\n              63.15435519659187\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.26953125,\n              61.18562468142281\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"6B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e4ce4b0c8380cd63c67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oglesby, D. D.","contributorId":23315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oglesby","given":"D. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dreger, Douglas S.","contributorId":17404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dreger","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, R.A. 0000-0002-9247-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":41849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ratchkovski, N.","contributorId":89316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratchkovski","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hansen, R.","contributorId":56370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70026340,"text":"70026340 - 2004 - Rupture process of the M 7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake: Subevents, directivity, and scaling of high-frequency ground motions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-15T10:00:19.489628","indexId":"70026340","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rupture process of the M 7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake: Subevents, directivity, and scaling of high-frequency ground motions","docAbstract":"Displacement waveforms and high-frequency acceleration envelopes from stations at distances of 3-300 km were inverted to determine the source process of the M 7.9 Denali fault earthquake. Fitting the initial portion of the displacement waveforms indicates that the earthquake started with an oblique thrust subevent (subevent # 1) with an east-west-striking, north-dipping nodal plane consistent with the observed surface rupture on the Susitna Glacier fault. Inversion of the remainder of the waveforms (0.02-0.5 Hz) for moment release along the Denali and Totschunda faults shows that rupture proceeded eastward on the Denali fault, with two strike-slip subevents (numbers 2 and 3) centered about 90 and 210 km east of the hypocenter. Subevent 2 was located across from the station at PS 10 (Trans-Alaska Pipeline Pump Station #10) and was very localized in space and time. Subevent 3 extended from 160 to 230 km east of the hypocenter and had the largest moment of the subevents. Based on the timing between subevent 2 and the east end of subevent 3, an average rupture velocity of 3.5 km/sec, close to the shear wave velocity at the average rupture depth, was found. However, the portion of the rupture 130-220 km east of the epicenter appears to have an effective rupture velocity of about 5.0 km/ sec, which is supershear. These two subevents correspond approximately to areas of large surface offsets observed after the earthquake. Using waveforms of the M 6.7 Nenana Mountain earthquake as empirical Green's functions, the high-frequency (1-10 Hz) envelopes of the M 7.9 earthquake were inverted to determine the location of high-frequency energy release along the faults. The initial thrust subevent produced the largest high-frequency energy release per unit fault length. The high-frequency envelopes and acceleration spectra (>0.5 Hz) of the M 7.9 earthquake can be simulated by chaining together rupture zones of the M 6.7 earthquake over distances from 30 to 180 km east of the hypocenter. However, the inversion indicates that there was relatively little high-frequency energy generated along the 60-km portion of the Totschunda fault on the east end of the rupture.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120040612","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A., 2004, Rupture process of the M 7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake: Subevents, directivity, and scaling of high-frequency ground motions: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 94, no. 6B, p. 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,{"id":70026134,"text":"70026134 - 2004 - The Coso EGS project - Recent developments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-06T22:43:20.364993","indexId":"70026134","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The Coso EGS project - Recent developments","docAbstract":"An Engineered Geothermal System (EGS) field experiment will be conducted to hydraulically stimulate injection well 34-9RD2, located on the east flank of the Coso geothermal reservoir, with the objective of increasing the injection rate of this well to 750 gpm at a wellhead pressure of 100 psi or less. The stimulation of this well is expected to create hydraulic communication with the recently drilled production well 38C-9, which is directly south of 34-9RD2. We summarize the results of fracture and stress analyses based upon borehole image logs of 38C-9; petrographic and petrologic analyses of cuttings from both the injection well 34-9RD2 and the production well 38C-9; and plans for the redrilling and stimulation of 34-9RD2.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geothermal Energy -- The Reliable Renewable","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geothermal Energy: The Reliable Renewable - Geothermal Resources Council 2004 Annual Meeting, GRC","conferenceDate":"August 29-September 1, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Indian Wells, California, United States","language":"English","issn":"01935933","usgsCitation":"Rose, P., Sheridan, J., McCulloch, J., Moore, J., Kovac, K., Spielman, P., Weidler, R., and Hickman, S., 2004, The Coso EGS project - Recent developments, <i>in</i> Geothermal Energy -- The Reliable Renewable, v. 28, Indian Wells, California, United States, August 29-September 1, 2004, p. 227-231.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"231","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235029,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":412762,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.geothermal-library.org/index.php?mode=pubs&action=view&record=1022477"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coso Geothermal Field","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.13125238108222,\n              34.500090007197585\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.97744378733209,\n              34.39590273808652\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.74123773264452,\n              34.36416778427953\n            ],\n            [\n          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J.N.","contributorId":22795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kovac, K.","contributorId":98511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovac","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Spielman, P.","contributorId":22124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spielman","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weidler, R.","contributorId":10589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidler","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hickman, 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,{"id":70184568,"text":"70184568 - 2004 - Comparison of 13 equations for determining evapotranspiration from a prairie wetland, Cottonwood Lake Area, North Dakota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-16T20:19:45","indexId":"70184568","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of 13 equations for determining evapotranspiration from a prairie wetland, Cottonwood Lake Area, North Dakota, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Evapotranspiration determined using the energy-budget method at a semi-permanent prairie-pothole wetland in east-central North Dakota, USA was compared with 12 other commonly used methods. The Priestley-Taylor and deBruin-Keijman methods compared best with the energy-budget values; mean differences were less than 0.1 mm d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, and standard deviations were less than 0.3 mm d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. Both methods require measurement of air temperature, net radiation, and heat storage in the wetland water. The Penman, Jensen-Haise, and Brutsaert-Stricker methods provided the next-best values for evapotranspiration relative to the energy-budget method. The mass-transfer, deBruin, and Stephens-Stewart methods provided the worst comparisons; the mass-transfer and deBruin comparisons with energy-budget values indicated a large standard deviation, and the deBruin and Stephens-Stewart comparisons indicated a large bias. The Jensen-Haise method proved to be cost effective, providing relatively accurate comparisons with the energy-budget method (mean difference=0.44 mm d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, standard deviation=0.42 mm d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) and requiring only measurements of air temperature and solar radiation. The Mather (Thornthwaite) method is the simplest, requiring only measurement of air temperature, and it provided values that compared relatively well with energy-budget values (mean difference=0.47 mm d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, standard deviation=0.56 mm d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). Modifications were made to several of the methods to make them more suitable for use in prairie wetlands. The modified Makkink, Jensen-Haise, and Stephens-Stewart methods all provided results that were nearly as close to energy-budget values as were the Priestley-Taylor and deBruin-Keijman methods, and all three of these modified methods only require measurements of air temperature and solar radiation. The modified Hamon method provided values that were within 20 percent of energy-budget values during 95 percent of the comparison periods, and it only requires measurement of air temperature. The mass-transfer coefficient, associated with the commonly used mass-transfer method, varied seasonally, with the largest values occurring during summer.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Wetland Scientists","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2004)024[0483:COEFDE]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., Stannard, D.L., Winter, T.C., and Martinez, M.L., 2004, Comparison of 13 equations for determining evapotranspiration from a prairie wetland, Cottonwood Lake Area, North Dakota, USA: Wetlands, v. 24, no. 3, p. 483-497, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2004)024[0483:COEFDE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"483","endPage":"497","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"McHenry County","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood Lake Area ","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-100.2771,48.543],[-100.2777,48.3704],[-100.2376,48.3699],[-100.2384,48.0218],[-100.1972,48.0213],[-100.1987,47.8477],[-100.5846,47.847],[-100.9685,47.8472],[-100.9705,48.0218],[-101.0144,48.023],[-101.0137,48.3715],[-101.0592,48.3713],[-101.0593,48.3727],[-101.0593,48.4595],[-101.0574,48.5463],[-101.0574,48.6312],[-100.9258,48.6321],[-100.7649,48.6321],[-100.7595,48.6321],[-100.6886,48.6313],[-100.6777,48.6313],[-100.6647,48.6313],[-100.5359,48.63],[-100.4056,48.6304],[-100.4044,48.5436],[-100.2771,48.543]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"McHenry\",\"state\":\"ND\"}}]}","volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c3c943e4b0f37a93ee9b41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":682051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stannard, David L.","contributorId":187991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stannard","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winter, Thomas C.","contributorId":84736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martinez, Margo L.","contributorId":187990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez","given":"Margo","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70026190,"text":"70026190 - 2004 - Surface rupture and slip distribution of the Denali and Totschunda faults in the 3 November 2002 M 7.9 earthquake, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-09T16:43:56.403246","indexId":"70026190","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface rupture and slip distribution of the Denali and Totschunda faults in the 3 November 2002 M 7.9 earthquake, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 3 November 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake resulted in 341 km of surface rupture on the Susitna Glacier, Denali, and Totschunda faults. The rupture proceeded from west to east and began with a 48-km-long break on the previously unknown Susitna Glacier thrust fault. Slip on this thrust averaged about 4 m </span><span id=\"xref-ref-6-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\">(Crone <i>et al.</i>, 2004)</span><span>. Next came the principal surface break, along 226 km of the Denali fault, with average right-lateral offsets of 4.5–5.1 m and a maximum offset of 8.8 m near its eastern end. The Denali fault trace is commonly left stepping and north side up. About 99 km of the fault ruptured through glacier ice, where the trace orientation was commonly influenced by local ice fabric. Finally, slip transferred southeastward onto the Totschunda fault and continued for another 66 km where dextral offsets average 1.6–1.8 m. The transition from the Denali fault to the Totschunda fault occurs over a complex 25-km-long transfer zone of right-slip and normal fault traces. Three methods of calculating average surface slip all yield a moment magnitude of </span><i>M</i><sub>w</sub><span> 7.8, in very good agreement with the seismologically determined magnitude of </span><strong>M</strong><span> 7.9. A comparison of strong-motion inversions for moment release with our slip distribution shows they have a similar pattern. The locations of the two largest pulses of moment release correlate with the locations of increasing steps in the average values of observed slip. This suggests that slip-distribution data can be used to infer moment release along other active fault traces.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120040626","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., Schwartz, D.P., Dawson, T.E., Stenner, H.D., Lienkaemper, J.J., Sherrod, B.L., Cinti, F.R., Montone, P., Craw, P., Crone, A.J., and Personius, S.F., 2004, Surface rupture and slip distribution of the Denali and Totschunda faults in the 3 November 2002 M 7.9 earthquake, Alaska: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 94, no. 6B, p. S23-S52, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040626.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"S23","endPage":"S52","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234811,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali Fault, Totschunda Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -140,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -140,\n              65\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              65\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              58\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"6B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9fbbe4b08c986b31e7d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":408378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200 dschwartz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":1940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","email":"dschwartz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":408375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, Timothy E.","contributorId":24429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":408381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stenner, Heidi D.","contributorId":35868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenner","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lienkaemper, James J. 0000-0002-7578-7042 jlienk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-7042","contributorId":1941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":408377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":408382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cinti, Francesca R.","contributorId":24632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cinti","given":"Francesca","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Montone, Paola","contributorId":80874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montone","given":"Paola","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Craw, Patricia","contributorId":71055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craw","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Crone, Anthony J. 0000-0002-3006-406X crone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-406X","contributorId":790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"Anthony","email":"crone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":408380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70142162,"text":"70142162 - 2004 - Regional analysis of spiculite faunas in the permian phosphoria basin: Implications for paleoceanography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-19T10:32:27","indexId":"70142162","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3872,"text":"Handbook of Exploration and Environmental Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"chapter":"5","title":"Regional analysis of spiculite faunas in the permian phosphoria basin: Implications for paleoceanography","docAbstract":"<p>The sponge spiculites of the Permian Phosphoria basin, Antler high, and eastern Havallah basin were the southernmost expression of one of the largest spiculite belts in the Earth's history. This spiculite belt extended from Nevada to the Barents Sea. In Idaho and Nevada, the spicule populations of this belt are dominated by demosponge spicules and are distinctive for their abundant rhax microscleres, large monaxons, and lithistid desmas. They form an Eastern Belt of spiculites that interfingers with spicule assemblages derived from choristid demosponges and hexactinellids that lived along the eastern margin of the deeper Havallah basin. The Havallah basin assemblages are similar to those in Permian arc terranes to the west, and together the sponge populations in this domain constitute a dis- tinct Central Belt. Radiolarians are virtually absent in the siliceous microfossil populations of the Eastern Belt, abundant in the populations of the Central Belt, and dominant in the populations of a Western Belt confined to Mesozoic accretionary complexes in the Pacific Coast States. The scattered sponge spicules in the Western Belt radiolarites were derived from hexactinellids.</p>\n<p>During the Permian, the relative abundance and apparent diversity of siliceous sponges expanded over a wide range of depths in the basins from Nevada and Idaho to the open ocean. Radiolarian preservation and apparent diversity increased in the deeper Cordilleran basins as well. In the Arctic regions, significant sponge spiculites were deposited in epicratonic basins. At the same time that siliceous sponge populations expanded along the northwestern margin of Pangea, warm-water carbonate producers disappeared. Suppression of carbonate-producing organisms along the margin was critical to the accu- mulation and preservation of both the demosponge spiculites in the Eastern Belt and the spicule-rich argillites of the Central Belt. Vigorous thermohaline circulation was the major control on the paleobiogeography of the late Early, Middle, and early Late Permian along northwest Pangea. It was driven by cold, nutrient- and oxygen-rich northern waters and it produced a coastal current that swept down the margin of the supercontinent. The upwelling associated with deposition of world-class phosphorites in the Phosphoria basin was a part of this larger oceanographic system.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/S1874-2734(04)80007-X","usgsCitation":"Murchey, B.L., 2004, Regional analysis of spiculite faunas in the permian phosphoria basin: Implications for paleoceanography: Handbook of Exploration and Environmental Geochemistry, v. 8, p. 111-135, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1874-2734(04)80007-X.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"135","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":298749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550bf335e4b02e76d759cdf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murchey, Benita L. bmurchey@usgs.gov","contributorId":504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murchey","given":"Benita","email":"bmurchey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":541645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70026518,"text":"70026518 - 2004 - Late Albian dinosaur tracks from the cratonic (eastern) margin of the Western Interior Seaway, Nebraska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T14:56:48","indexId":"70026518","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1965,"text":"Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","onlineIssn":"1563-5236","printIssn":"1042-0940","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Albian dinosaur tracks from the cratonic (eastern) margin of the Western Interior Seaway, Nebraska, USA","docAbstract":"<p>At least 22 tridactyl dinosaur tracks, poorly preserved in various degrees of expression, have recently been found at an exposure in the Dakota Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Albian) in Jefferson County, Nebraska. These tracks generally have broad, blunt digits and a broad posterior margin. The largest of the tracks measures 57 cm in length and 58 cm in width. All of the tracks lie within a stratigraphic horizon of 40 cm or less, but they do not form a single trackway. We interpret the trackmakers to have been ornithopods.</p><p>The Jefferson County tracks are in a well-cemented sandstone with oscillation ripples, at a stratigraphic level between two well-established sequence boundaries. Channel forms and lateral accretion units are common in the stratigraphic interval enclosing the tracks, and the site is interpreted as a bar or sand flat in a tidally influenced river.</p><p>The Jefferson County tracks are only the second known occurrence of large Mesozoic tetrapod tracks east of the Rocky Mountain Front-High Plains Margin, including the Black Hills of South Dakota, west of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, and north of the Gulf Coastal Plain. Further, this paper is the first documentation of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i>dinosaur fossils from the Nebraska-Iowa area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10420940490442377","usgsCitation":"Joeckel, R.M., Cunningham, J., Corner, R., Brown, G., Phillips, P., and Ludvigson, G.A., 2004, Late Albian dinosaur tracks from the cratonic (eastern) margin of the Western Interior Seaway, Nebraska, USA: Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces, v. 11, no. 3-4, p. 275-284, https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940490442377.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"284","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","volume":"11","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44bee4b0c8380cd66d44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joeckel, R. M.","contributorId":37103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joeckel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, J.M.","contributorId":35922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corner, R.G.","contributorId":75729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corner","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, G.W.","contributorId":26118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, P.L.","contributorId":82900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ludvigson, Greg A.","contributorId":80803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludvigson","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1003770,"text":"1003770 - 2004 - Modeling the population dynamics of <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> (Diptera: Culcidae), along an elevational gradient in Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-29T18:55:51","indexId":"1003770","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2385,"text":"Journal of Medical Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the population dynamics of <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> (Diptera: Culcidae), along an elevational gradient in Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present a population model to understand the effects of temperature and rainfall on the population dynamics of the southern house mosquito,&nbsp;</span><i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i><span>&nbsp;Say, along an elevational gradient in Hawaii. We use a novel approach to model the effects of temperature on population growth by dynamically incorporating developmental rate into the transition matrix, by using physiological ages of immatures instead of chronological age or stages. We also model the effects of rainfall on survival of immatures as the cumulative number of days below a certain rain threshold. Finally, we incorporate density dependence into the model as competition between immatures within breeding sites. Our model predicts the upper altitudinal distributions of&nbsp;</span><i>Cx. quinquefasciatus</i><span>&nbsp;on the Big Island of Hawaii for self-sustaining mosquito and migrating summer sink populations at 1,475 and 1,715 m above sea level, respectively. Our model predicts that mosquitoes at lower elevations can grow under a broader range of rainfall parameters than middle and high elevation populations. Density dependence in conjunction with the seasonal forcing imposed by temperature and rain creates cycles in the dynamics of the population that peak in the summer and early fall. The model provides a reasonable fit to the available data on mosquito abundance for the east side of Mauna Loa, Hawaii. The predictions of our model indicate the importance of abiotic conditions on mosquito dynamics and have important implications for the management of diseases transmitted by&nbsp;</span><i>Cx. quinquefasciatus</i><span>&nbsp;in Hawaii and elsewhere.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1603/0022-2585-41.6.1157","usgsCitation":"Ahumada, J.A., LaPointe, D., and Samuel, M.D., 2004, Modeling the population dynamics of <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> (Diptera: Culcidae), along an elevational gradient in Hawaii: Journal of Medical Entomology, v. 41, no. 6, p. 1157-1170, https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585-41.6.1157.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1157","endPage":"1170","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health 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,{"id":1015188,"text":"1015188 - 2004 - Reproduction and seasonal activity of silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) in western Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-26T16:33:30","indexId":"1015188","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Reproduction and seasonal activity of silver-haired bats (<i>Lasionycteris noctivagans</i>) in western Nebraska","title":"Reproduction and seasonal activity of silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) in western Nebraska","docAbstract":"<p>Silver-haired bats (<i>Lasionycteris noctivagans</i>) were thought only to migrate through Nebraska; however, recent surveys in eastern Nebraska report summer records of females and their young. Our study in western Nebraska also shows that silver-haired bats are summer residents. We discovered the 1st reproductively active <i>L. noctivagans</i> in this part of the state. We caught lactating females and volant young in riparian forests along the North Platte River and in forested areas of the Pine Ridge. Previously, adult males were not known from Nebraska in summer, and only 4 records of <i>L. noctivagans</i> were known from western Nebraska during migration. On 28 July we captured an adult male in a coniferous forest of the Wildcat Hills, and we have more than 100 records of migrating individuals. Lastly, an obese<i> L. noctivagans</i> captured on 4 November may represent an individual preparing to hibernate in the state.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University","usgsCitation":"Geluso, K., Huebschman, J., White, J., and Bogan, M., 2004, Reproduction and seasonal activity of silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) in western Nebraska: Western North American Naturalist, v. 64, no. 3, p. 353-358.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"358","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14892,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/41717384 "}],"volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62cc74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geluso, Keith","contributorId":94637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geluso","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huebschman, J.J.","contributorId":72760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huebschman","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, J.A.","contributorId":75109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bogan, M.A.","contributorId":17939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogan","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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