{"pageNumber":"2392","pageRowStart":"59775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184582,"records":[{"id":79432,"text":"ds228 - 2006 - Mining claim activity on federal land in the contiguous United States, 1976 through 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-03T15:32:11","indexId":"ds228","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"228","title":"Mining claim activity on federal land in the contiguous United States, 1976 through 2004","docAbstract":"<p>Statistical compilations of mining claim activity on Federal Land derived from the Bureau of Land Management's LR2000 database have been published by the U.S Geological Survey. This report updates Causey (2005) by adding statistics for an additional year of mining claim records, incorporating any corrections in older data done by BLM, adding a Public Land Survey spatial database for South Dakota, and improving correlation of the statistics to spatial databases in Washington and Nevada.</p>\n<p>The statistics compiled from the LR2000 database are counts of number of active mining claims in a section each year from 1976 to 2004 for all states within the contiguous United States. Claims are broken down by lode and placer types and a dataset is provided summarizing all claims including millsite and tunnel-site claims. One table presents data by case type, case status, and number of claims in a section. This report includes a spatial database for each state in which mining claims were recorded. A field is present in both datasets that allows the statistical data to be joined to the spatial databases so that spatial displays and analysis can be done using appropriate software.</p>\n<p>The data show how mining claim activity has changed in intensity, space, and time. Variations can be examined on a state, as well as a national level. The data are tied to a section of land, approximately 640 acres, which allows it to be used at regional, as well as local scale. It is restricted in that it only encompasses Federal land.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds228","usgsCitation":"Causey, J.D., and Frank, D.G., 2006, Mining claim activity on federal land in the contiguous United States, 1976 through 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 228, 25 p.; data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds228.","productDescription":"25 p.; data files","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1976-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":8942,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/228/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.732421875,\n              49.03786794532644\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.974609375,\n              45.706179285330855\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.447265625,\n              44.402391829093915\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.18359375,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.150390625,\n              42.42345651793833\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.0625,\n              40.78054143186031\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.798828125,\n              37.16031654673677\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.0625,\n              32.02670629333614\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.69921875,\n              31.87755764334002\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.10546875,\n              31.728167146023935\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.28125,\n              31.27855085894653\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.62109375,\n              31.27855085894653\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.9609375,\n              32.32427558887655\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.48828125000001,\n              32.84267363195431\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.98242187499999,\n              32.694865977875075\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.7734375,\n              32.694865977875075\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.970703125,\n              32.99023555965106\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.958984375,\n              36.38591277287654\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.541015625,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.24414062499999,\n              42.42345651793833\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.8046875,\n              46.73986059969267\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.15625000000001,\n              48.40003249610685\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.04687499999999,\n              48.28319289548349\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.22265625000001,\n              49.15296965617042\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.732421875,\n              49.03786794532644\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699cf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Causey, J. Douglas","contributorId":41398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Causey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, David G. dfrank@usgs.gov","contributorId":3274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"David","email":"dfrank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79434,"text":"tm6B5 - 2006 - Section 5. Procedures for Developing Models To Predict Exceedances of Recreational Water-Quality Standards at Coastal Beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:20","indexId":"tm6B5","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-B5","title":"Section 5. Procedures for Developing Models To Predict Exceedances of Recreational Water-Quality Standards at Coastal Beaches","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Techniques and Methods Book 6, Chapter B","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tm6B5","usgsCitation":"Francy, D.S., and Darner, R.A., 2006, Section 5. Procedures for Developing Models To Predict Exceedances of Recreational Water-Quality Standards at Coastal Beaches: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-B5, iv, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6B5.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8949,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm6b5/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc1ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Francy, Donna S. 0000-0001-9229-3557 dsfrancy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-3557","contributorId":1853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francy","given":"Donna","email":"dsfrancy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darner, Robert A. 0000-0003-1333-8265 radarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-8265","contributorId":1972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darner","given":"Robert","email":"radarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70201154,"text":"70201154 - 2006 - Centralization and locality in the 20th century National Topographic Mapping Program In the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T14:51:38","indexId":"70201154","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T12:05:13","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Centralization and locality in the 20th century National Topographic Mapping Program In the United States","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Development of ideas and methods in cartography : Materials of the Commission's Meeting in Kaliningrad (August, 2006)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceDate":"August 2006","conferenceLocation":"Kaliningrad, Russia","language":"English","publisher":"Russian Academy of Sciences","publisherLocation":"Moscow, Russia","isbn":"9785988660088","usgsCitation":"Varanka, D.E., 2006, Centralization and locality in the 20th century National Topographic Mapping Program In the United States, <i>in</i> Development of ideas and methods in cartography : Materials of the Commission's Meeting in Kaliningrad (August, 2006), Kaliningrad, Russia, August 2006, p. 26-41.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c064ee4e4b0815414cecb14","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Postnikov, Aleksej Vladimirovic","contributorId":211009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Postnikov","given":"Aleksej","email":"","middleInitial":"Vladimirovic","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752975,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Varanka, Dalia E. 0000-0003-2857-9600 dvaranka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-9600","contributorId":1296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varanka","given":"Dalia","email":"dvaranka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79427,"text":"ofr20061345 - 2006 - Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr20061345","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1345","title":"Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan","docAbstract":"In 2005, the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. Trade and Development Agency contracted with the U.S. Geological Survey to perform assessments of the natural resources within Afghanistan. The assessments concentrate on the resources that are related to the economic development of that country. Therefore, assessments were initiated in oil and gas, coal, mineral resources, water resources, and earthquake hazards. All of these assessments require geologic, structural, and topographic information throughout the country at a finer scale and better accuracy than that provided by the existing maps, which were published in the 1970s by the Russians and Germans. The very rugged terrain in Afghanistan, the large scale of these assessments, and the terrorist threat in Afghanistan indicated that the best approach to provide the preliminary assessments was to use remotely sensed, satellite image data, although this may also apply to subsequent phases of the assessments. Therefore, the first step in the assessment process was to produce satellite image mosaics of Afghanistan that would be useful for these assessments. This report discusses the production and characteristics of the fundamental satellite image databases produced for these assessments, which are calibrated image mosaics of all six Landsat nonthermal (reflected) bands. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061345","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., 2006, Calibrated Landsat ETM+ nonthermal-band image mosaics of Afghanistan (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1345, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061345.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8933,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1345/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60,29 ], [ 60,39 ], [ 75,39 ], [ 75,29 ], [ 60,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e712a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79429,"text":"ofr20061277 - 2006 - Report of the workshop on Extreme Ground Motions at Yucca Mountain, August 23-25, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T17:02:16","indexId":"ofr20061277","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1277","title":"Report of the workshop on Extreme Ground Motions at Yucca Mountain, August 23-25, 2004","docAbstract":"This Workshop has its origins in the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) for Yucca Mountain, the designated site of the underground repository for the nation's high-level radioactive waste. In 1998 the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Senior Seismic Hazard Analysis Committee (SSHAC) developed guidelines for PSHA which were published as NUREG/CR-6372, 'Recommendations for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis: guidance on uncertainty and the use of experts,' (SSHAC, 1997). This Level-4 study was the most complicated and complex PSHA ever undertaken at the time. The procedures, methods, and results of this PSHA are described in Stepp et al. (2001), mostly in the context of a probability of exceedance (hazard) of 10-4/yr for ground motion at Site A, a hypothetical, reference rock outcrop site at the elevation of the proposed emplacement drifts within the mountain. Analysis and inclusion of both aleatory and epistemic uncertainty were significant and time-consuming aspects of the study, which took place over three years and involved several dozen scientists, engineers, and analysts. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061277","usgsCitation":"Hanks, T.C., Abrahamson, N., Board, M., Boore, D., Brune, J., and Cornell, C., 2006, Report of the workshop on Extreme Ground Motions at Yucca Mountain, August 23-25, 2004 (Version 1.0 ): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1277, 234 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061277.","productDescription":"234 p.","numberOfPages":"234","temporalStart":"2004-08-23","temporalEnd":"2004-08-25","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8935,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1277/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.7,36.5 ], [ -116.7,37 ], [ -116.2,37 ], [ -116.2,36.5 ], [ -116.7,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bcd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanks, Thomas C.","contributorId":35763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"Thomas","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abrahamson, N. A.","contributorId":27152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abrahamson","given":"N. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Board, M.","contributorId":107795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Board","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boore, D.M. 0000-0002-8605-9673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":64226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brune, J.N.","contributorId":49362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brune","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cornell, C.A.","contributorId":36238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornell","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":79428,"text":"ds225 - 2006 - Database for the east half of \"Preliminary Geologic Map of the Blythe 30' by 60' quadrangle, California and Arizona\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T18:24:31.762273","indexId":"ds225","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"225","title":"Database for the east half of \"Preliminary Geologic Map of the Blythe 30' by 60' quadrangle, California and Arizona\"","docAbstract":"This digital map database was prepared from the published Preliminary Geologic Map of the Blythe 30' by 60' Quadrangle, California and Arizona (U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-497).  This database represents the east half of the original published map.  The database contains exactly the same scientific content as the original map; no data have been added to, subtracted from, or modified from the original map.  Like the original paper map, this database represents the general distribution of bedrock and surficial deposits in the mapped area.  It provides information on the geologic structure and stratigraphy of the area covered.  The database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey.  The scale of the original published map limits the spatial resolution (scale) of the database to 1:100,000 or smaller.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds225","usgsCitation":"Stone, P., 2006, Database for the east half of \"Preliminary Geologic Map of the Blythe 30' by 60' quadrangle, California and Arizona\" (version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 225, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds225.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":405264,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_78681.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":8934,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/225/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","otherGeospatial":"Blythe 30' by 60' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,33.5 ], [ -114.5,34 ], [ -114,34 ], [ -114,33.5 ], [ -114.5,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ccd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Paul 0000-0002-1439-0156 pastone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0156","contributorId":273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Paul","email":"pastone@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79426,"text":"sir20065296 - 2006 - Simulation of constituent transport in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota and Minnesota, during unsteady-flow conditions, 1977 and 2003-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T14:24:17","indexId":"sir20065296","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5296","title":"Simulation of constituent transport in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota and Minnesota, during unsteady-flow conditions, 1977 and 2003-04","docAbstract":"The Bureau of Reclamation identified eight water-supply alternatives for the Red River Valley Water Supply Project. Of those alternatives, six were considered for this study. Those six alternatives include a no-action alternative, two in-basin alternatives, and three interbasin alternatives. To address concerns of stakeholders and to provide information for an environmental impact statement, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, developed and applied a water-quality model to simulate the transport of total dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, sodium, and total phosphorus during unsteady-flow conditions and to simulate the effects of the water-supply alternatives on water quality in the Red River and the Sheyenne River. The physical domain of the model, hereinafter referred to as the Red River model, includes the Red River from Wahpeton, North Dakota, to Emerson, Manitoba, and the Sheyenne River from below Baldhill Dam, North Dakota, to the confluence with the Red River.\r\n\r\nBoundary conditions were specified for May 15 through October 31, 2003, and January 15 through June 30, 2004. Measured streamflow data were available for August 1 through October 31, 2003, and April 1 through June 30, 2004, but water-quality data were available only for September 15 through 16, 2003, and May 10 through 13, 2004. The water-quality boundary conditions were assumed to be time invariant for the entire calibration period and to be equal to the measured value.\r\n\r\nThe average difference between the measured and simulated streamflows was less than 4 percent for both calibration periods, and most differences were less than 2 percent. The average differences are considered to be acceptable because the differences are less than 5 percent, or the same as the error that would be expected in a typical streamflow measurement. Simulated total dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, and sodium concentrations generally were less than measured concentrations for both calibration periods. The average absolute differences generally were less than 25 percent. Total phosphorus was simulated as a nonconservative constituent by assuming that concentrations change according to a first-order decay rate. The average difference between the measured and simulated total phosphorus concentrations was 6.2 percent for the 2003 calibration period and -24 percent for the 2004 calibration period. The Red River model demonstrates sensitivity to changes in boundary conditions so a reasonable assumption is that the model can be used to compare relative effects of the various water-supply alternatives.\r\n\r\nThe calibrated Red River model was used to simulate the effects of the six water-supply alternatives by using measured streamflows for September 1, 1976, through August 31, 1977, when streamflows throughout the Red River Basin were relatively low. Streamflows for the Red River at Fargo, North Dakota, were less than 17.9 cubic feet per second on 159 days of that 12-month period, and monthly average streamflows for the Red River at Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the Red River at Emerson, Manitoba, were less than 30 percent of the respective long-term average monthly streamflows for 11 of the 12 months during September 1976 through August 1977.\r\n\r\nWater-quality boundary conditions were generated using a stochastic approach in which probability distributions derived from all available historical data on instream concentrations were used to produce daily concentrations at model boundaries. Return flow concentrations were estimated from source concentrations and current (2006) wastewater-treatment technology. Because no historical information on ungaged local inflow constituent concentrations is available to estimate those boundary conditions, time-invariant concentrations for the low-flow 2003 calibration period were used as the ungaged local inflow boundary conditions. The effects of the water-supply alternatives on water quality in the Red River and ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065296","usgsCitation":"Nustad, R.A., and Bales, J.D., 2006, Simulation of constituent transport in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota and Minnesota, during unsteady-flow conditions, 1977 and 2003-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5296, vi, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065296.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1977-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2006_5296.jpg"},{"id":8932,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5296/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Red River of the North basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b4e4b07f02db5ca58d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nustad, Rochelle A. 0000-0002-4713-5944 ranustad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-5944","contributorId":1811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nustad","given":"Rochelle","email":"ranustad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bales, Jerad D. 0000-0001-8398-6984 jdbales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-6984","contributorId":683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"Jerad","email":"jdbales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":79431,"text":"wdrNJ053 - 2006 - Water Resources Data, New Jersey, Water Year 2005Volume 3 - Water-Quality Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"wdrNJ053","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NJ-05-3","title":"Water Resources Data, New Jersey, Water Year 2005Volume 3 - Water-Quality Data","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 2005 water year for New Jersey are presented in three volumes, and consists of records of stage, discharge, and water-quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water-quality of ground water. Volume 3 contains a summary of surface- and ground-water hydrologic conditions for the 2005 water year, a listing of current water-resources projects in New Jersey, a bibliography of water-related reports, articles, and fact sheets for New Jersey completed by the Geological Survey in recent years, water-quality records of chemical analyses from 118 continuing-record surface-water stations, 30 ground-water sites, records of daily statistics of temperature and other physical measurements from 9 continuous-recording stations, and 5 special studies that included 89 stream, 11 lake, and 29 ground-water sites. Locations of water-quality stations are shown in figures 23-25. Locations of special-study sites are shown in figures 41-46. These data represent\r\nthat part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating federal, state, and local agencies in New Jersey.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrNJ053","usgsCitation":"DeLuca, M.J., Heckathorn, H.A., Lewis, J.M., Gray, B., and Feinson, L.S., 2006, Water Resources Data, New Jersey, Water Year 2005Volume 3 - Water-Quality Data: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NJ-05-3, 568 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNJ053.","productDescription":"568 p.","numberOfPages":"568","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8939,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2005/wdr-nj-05-3/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6996aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeLuca, Michael J.","contributorId":82008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLuca","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heckathorn, Heather A. haheck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heckathorn","given":"Heather","email":"haheck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, Jason M. 0000-0001-5337-1890 jmlewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1890","contributorId":3854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jason","email":"jmlewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, Bonnie J.","contributorId":89624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Bonnie J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Feinson, Lawrence S. lsfeinso@usgs.gov","contributorId":4232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feinson","given":"Lawrence","email":"lsfeinso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":79430,"text":"ofr20061360 - 2006 - Underwater Microscope for Measuring Spatial and Temporal Changes in Bed-Sediment Grain Size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:47:43","indexId":"ofr20061360","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1360","title":"Underwater Microscope for Measuring Spatial and Temporal Changes in Bed-Sediment Grain Size","docAbstract":"For more than a century, studies of sedimentology and sediment transport have measured bed-sediment grain size by collecting samples and transporting them back to the lab for grain-size analysis. This process is slow and expensive. Moreover, most sampling systems are not selective enough to sample only the surficial grains that interact with the flow; samples typically include sediment from at least a few centimeters beneath the bed surface. New hardware and software are available for in-situ measurement of grain size. The new technology permits rapid measurement of surficial bed sediment. Here we describe several systems we have deployed by boat, by hand, and by tripod in rivers, oceans, and on beaches. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061360","usgsCitation":"Rubin, D.M., Chezar, H., Harney, J.N., Topping, D.J., Melis, T., and Sherwood, C.R., 2006, Underwater Microscope for Measuring Spatial and Temporal Changes in Bed-Sediment Grain Size (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1360, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061360.","productDescription":"15 p.","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8938,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1360/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f6e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rubin, David M. 0000-0003-1169-1452 drubin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-1452","contributorId":3159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"David","email":"drubin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chezar, Henry hchezar@usgs.gov","contributorId":2964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chezar","given":"Henry","email":"hchezar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":289886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harney, Jodi N.","contributorId":80761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harney","given":"Jodi","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":289888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melis, Theodore S. 0000-0003-0473-3968 tmelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0473-3968","contributorId":1829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melis","given":"Theodore S.","email":"tmelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sherwood, Christopher R. 0000-0001-6135-3553 csherwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-3553","contributorId":2866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Christopher","email":"csherwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70259134,"text":"70259134 - 2006 - Scaling-up of CO2 fluxes to assess carbon sequestration in rangelands of Central Asia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-27T21:49:16.185668","indexId":"70259134","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T16:31:07","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"displayTitle":"Scaling-up of CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes to assess carbon sequestration in rangelands of Central Asia","title":"Scaling-up of CO2 fluxes to assess carbon sequestration in rangelands of Central Asia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Flux towers provide temporal quantification of local carbon dynamics at specific sites. The number and distribution of flux towers, however, are generally inadequate to quantify carbon fluxes across a landscape or ecoregion. Thus, scaling up of flux tower measurements through use of algorithms developed from remote sensing and GIS data is needed for spatial extrapolation of carbon fluxes and to identify regional sinks and sources of carbon. Spatial and temporal quantification of carbon dynamics are useful in understanding the biophysical factors that cause regions to be sinks or sources of carbon. We analyzed data sets from the Northern Great Plains and the Kazakh Steppe and found similarities in latitude, precipitation, and carbon fluxes between the two regions. These similarities allowed us to pool carbon flux data, remotely sensed data, and GIS data from these two regions to map gross primary productivity (Pg), total ecosystem respiration (Re), and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) for Kazakh Steppe for 2001 using regression tree techniques. We estimated 10-day Pg and Re with mean absolute errors of 3.2 and 2.7 g CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>/day, respectively. The NEE for grasslands in the Kazakh Steppe during the growing season (April through October 2001) was 0.79 t C/ha. Localized carbon sinks and sources were positively correlated with growing season precipitation and Pg. The regression tree technique provided an effective method for the regional mapping of carbon dynamics as seasonally quantified by flux towers in the Northern Great Plains of North America and the Kazakh Steppe of Central Asia.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangelands of central Asia: Proceedings of the conference on transformations, issues, and future challenges. RMRS-P-39","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Conference on Transformations, Issues, and Future Challenges","conferenceDate":"January 27, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Wylie, B.K., Gilmanov, T.G., Johnson, D.A., Saliendra, N.Z., Tieszen, L.L., Doyle, R.A., and Laca, E., 2006, Scaling-up of CO2 fluxes to assess carbon sequestration in rangelands of Central Asia, <i>in</i> Rangelands of central Asia: Proceedings of the conference on transformations, issues, and future challenges. RMRS-P-39, Salt Lake City, UT, January 27, 2004, p. 111-119.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"119","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462387,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/22875","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":462388,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmanov, Tagir G.","contributorId":82162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmanov","given":"Tagir","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas A.","contributorId":146626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saliendra, Nicanor Z.","contributorId":16623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saliendra","given":"Nicanor","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tieszen, Larry L. tieszen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"Larry","email":"tieszen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":914293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Doyle, Ruth Anne F.","contributorId":344598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doyle","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Laca, Emilio","contributorId":78512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laca","given":"Emilio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70236245,"text":"70236245 - 2006 - In memory of • Fred Noel Spiess (1919–2006): A tribute","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-14T16:50:47.031115","indexId":"70236245","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T15:34:47","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2929,"text":"Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In memory of • Fred Noel Spiess (1919–2006): A tribute","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oceanographic Society","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2006.30","usgsCitation":"Normark, W.R., and Luyendyk, B.P., 2006, In memory of • Fred Noel Spiess (1919–2006): A tribute: Oceanography, v. 19, no. 4, p. 10-11, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2006.30.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477301,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2006.30","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":405952,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Normark, William R.","contributorId":69570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luyendyk, Bruce P.","contributorId":100942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luyendyk","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70006625,"text":"70006625 - 2006 - A review of methods to estimate cause-specific mortality in presence of competing risks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-05T22:08:31.662303","indexId":"70006625","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T15:09:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of methods to estimate cause-specific mortality in presence of competing risks","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimating cause-specific mortality is often of central importance for understanding the dynamics of wildlife populations. Despite such importance, methodology for estimating and analyzing cause-specific mortality has received little attention in wildlife ecology during the past 20 years. The issue of analyzing cause-specific, mutually exclusive events in time is not unique to wildlife. In fact, this general problem has received substantial attention in human biomedical applications within the context of biostatistical survival analysis. Here, we consider cause-specific mortality from a modern biostatistical perspective. This requires carefully defining what we mean by cause-specific mortality and then providing an appropriate hazard-based representation as a competing risks problem. This leads to the general solution of cause-specific mortality as the cumulative incidence function (CIF). We describe the appropriate generalization of the fully nonparametric staggered-entry Kaplan–Meier survival estimator to cause-specific mortality via the nonparametric CIF estimator (NPCIFE), which in many situations offers an attractive alternative to the Heisey–Fuller estimator. An advantage of the NPCIFE is that it lends itself readily to risk factors analysis with standard software for Cox proportional hazards model. The competing risks–based approach also clarifies issues regarding another intuitive but erroneous “cause-specific mortality” estimator based on the Kaplan–Meier survival estimator and commonly seen in the life sciences literature.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1544:AROMTE]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Heisey, D.M., and Patterson, B.R., 2006, A review of methods to estimate cause-specific mortality in presence of competing risks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 6, p. 1544-1555, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1544:AROMTE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1544","endPage":"1555","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257956,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e554e4b0c8380cd46cb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heisey, Dennis M. dheisey@usgs.gov","contributorId":2455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisey","given":"Dennis","email":"dheisey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patterson, Brent R.","contributorId":33570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70259379,"text":"70259379 - 2006 - An overview of the LANDFIRE Prototype Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T16:57:12.66495","indexId":"70259379","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T11:53:23","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-GTR-175","chapter":"2","title":"An overview of the LANDFIRE Prototype Project","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter describes the background and design of the Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools Prototype Project, or LANDFIRE Prototype Project, which was a sub-regional, proof-of-concept effort designed to develop methods and applications for providing the high-resolution data (30-m pixel) needed to support wildland fire management and to implement the National Fire Plan and Healthy Forests Restoration Act. In addition, this chapter provides synopses of the many interrelated procedures necessary for development of the 24 LANDFIRE Prototype products (see table 1 and appendix 2-A). Throughout this chapter, direction is provided for where, in this report and elsewhere, additional detailed information is available.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The LANDFIRE Prototype Project: Nationally consistent and locally relevant geospatial data for wildland fire management General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Keane, R.E., Zhu, Z., and Menakis, J.P., 2006, An overview of the LANDFIRE Prototype Project: General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175, 39 p.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"43","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462617,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keane, Robert E.","contributorId":73930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keane","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Menakis, James P.","contributorId":344955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Menakis","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70259378,"text":"70259378 - 2006 - Executive summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T16:49:12.095325","indexId":"70259378","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T11:40:41","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-GTR-175","chapter":"1","title":"Executive summary","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geospatial data describing wildland fuel and current as well as historical vegetation conditions are essential for planning, implementing, and monitoring projects supported by the National Fire Plan and the Healthy Forests Restoration Act. Scientifically credible, consistent, and standardized spatial data allow fire and land managers to accurately identify the amount and locations of lands or communities with hazardous fuel build-up or extreme departure from historical conditions. These data also facilitate the prioritization of ecosystem restoration and hazardous fuel reduction treatments to protect ecosystems, property, and people. Moreover, these data may be used during specific wildland fire incidents to maximize firefighter safety, pre-position resources, and evaluate fire behavior under a variety of weather conditions.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The LANDFIRE Prototype Project: Nationally consistent and locally relevant geospatial data for wildland fire management General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Rollins, M.G., Keane, R.E., and Zhu, Z., 2006, Executive summary: General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462615,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/24641","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":462616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rollins, Matthew G.","contributorId":54695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rollins","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keane, Robert E.","contributorId":73930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keane","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70259377,"text":"70259377 - 2006 - Perspectives on LANDFIRE Prototype Project accuracy assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T16:38:38.716829","indexId":"70259377","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T11:30:27","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-GTR-175","chapter":"13","title":"Perspectives on LANDFIRE Prototype Project accuracy assessment","docAbstract":"<p><span>The purpose of this chapter is to provide a general overview of the many aspects of accuracy assessment pertinent to the Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools Prototype Project (LANDFIRE Prototype Project). The LANDFIRE Prototype formed a large and complex research and development project with many broad-scale data sets and products developed throughout its various stages. The scope of the project was defined as mapping and modeling vegetation, wildland fuel, and fire regime characteristics (Rollins and others, Ch. 2). Because of the breadth of the investigation, it is important to base our expectations for accuracy on a clear understanding of the intricacies, interdependencies, and scope of mapping and modeling LANDFIRE products. Our goals in this chapter are to: 1) provide relevant background information regarding accuracies and what was realistically achievable in the LANDFIRE Prototype, 2) provide background regarding our strategies for LANDFIRE National, 3) describe our actual LANDFIRE Prototype accuracy results in broad terms, and 4) provide recommendations for the national implementation of LANDFIRE. This chapter is not intended to provide an exhaustive list and description of all of the various accuracy-related issues and conclusions resulting from the LANDFIRE Prototype (for specific details, the reader will be referred to the appropriate chapters). Rather, this chapter is intended to be broad in scope and to place the many accuracy components within the context of the LANDFIRE Prototype and LANDFIRE National projects. Please note that Lunetta and Lyon (2004) provide an in-depth discussion of the current state of accuracy assessment within the science community.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The LANDFIRE Prototype Project: Nationally consistent and locally relevant geospatial data for wildland fire management General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Zhu, Z., Kost, J.R., Tolk, B.L., and Ohlen, D.O., 2006, Perspectives on LANDFIRE Prototype Project accuracy assessment: General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"411","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462613,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/24708","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":462614,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kost, Jay R. jkost@usgs.gov","contributorId":3931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kost","given":"Jay","email":"jkost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":915089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ohlen, Donald O. ohlen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlen","given":"Donald","email":"ohlen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":915091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70258918,"text":"70258918 - 2006 - Mapping existing vegetation composition and structure for the LANDFIRE Prototype Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T18:04:02.029348","indexId":"70258918","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T11:02:53","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-GTR-175","chapter":"8","title":"Mapping existing vegetation composition and structure for the LANDFIRE Prototype Project","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools Prototype Project, or LANDFIRE Prototype Project, required the mapping of existing vegetation composition (cover type) and structural stages at a 30-m spatial resolution to provide baseline vegetation data for the development of wildland fuel maps and for comparison to simulated historical vegetation reference conditions to develop indices of ecological departure. For the LANDFIRE Prototype Project, research was conducted to develop a vegetation mapping methodology that could meet the following general requirements:</span><br><br><span>Cover types (species composition) must be characterized at a scale suitable for subsequent mapping of wildland fuel and fire regime condition class (FRCC). The vegetation map unit classification used for mapping cover types must be based on existing national systems, such as the United States National Vegetation Classification System (NVCS; Grossman and others 1998). The alliance (a community with multiple dominant species) or association (a community with a single dominant species) levels of this standard must provide a clearly defined list of map units that can be used as a basis for mapping vegetation classes that are both scaleable and representative of suitable units for modeling historical fire regimes (see Long and others, Ch. 6 for details on the LANDFIRE vegetation map units).</span><br><br><span>The mapping of existing vegetation structure must be based on the relative composition of forest, shrub, and herbaceous canopy cover and average forest, shrub, and herbaceous canopy height. Although structural stages are discrete map units describing unique combinations of canopy cover and canopy height by life form, mapping individual canopy cover and height variables as continuous variables is desired to provide additional information for mapping and modeling vegetation and flexibility for setting threshold values.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The LANDFIRE Prototype Project: Nationally consistent and locally relevant geospatial data for wildland fire management General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Zhu, Z., Vogelmann, J., Ohlen, D.O., Kost, J.R., Chen, X., and Tolk, B.L., 2006, Mapping existing vegetation composition and structure for the LANDFIRE Prototype Project: General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175, 19 p.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"215","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462297,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/24700","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":462298,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ohlen, Donald O. ohlen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlen","given":"Donald","email":"ohlen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":914117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kost, Jay R. jkost@usgs.gov","contributorId":3931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kost","given":"Jay","email":"jkost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":914118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, Xuexia","contributorId":14213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Xuexia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70258499,"text":"70258499 - 2006 - Dissemination of LANDFIRE Prototype Project data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-17T15:47:17.85074","indexId":"70258499","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T10:44:57","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-GTR-175","chapter":"14","title":"Dissemination of LANDFIRE Prototype Project data","docAbstract":"<p><span>The transfer of LANDFIRE data to users is the most important aspect of the Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools Project (LANDFIRE Prototype Project). The creation of an accurate, consistent, nationwide data set provides the foundation for a successful project. The final step is to make the data readily available to the user community. User capabilities and needs vary widely. Many users require LANDFIRE data to solve day-to-day wildfire management problems such as planning fuel treatments or managing active wildfires. Others use LANDFIRE data to gather information over large geographic areas for strategic planning and analyses. The diversity of users and the variety of applications of LANDFIRE data present an interesting challenge: to develop a data dissemination system that is comprehensive, user-friendly, and flexible. The system must be functional across many levels of technology, ranging from powerful computing capability to support national-scale strategic planning to field-level tactical wildfire operations support. The system must be sustainable, dependable, affordable, and adaptable to various levels of and changes in technology.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The LANDFIRE Prototype Project: Nationally consistent and locally relevant geospatial data for wildland fire management General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Eidenshink, J.C., 2006, Dissemination of LANDFIRE Prototype Project data: General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-175, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"413","endPage":"416","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":434850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":434842,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/24709","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eidenshink, Jeffery C. eidenshink@usgs.gov","contributorId":1352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eidenshink","given":"Jeffery","email":"eidenshink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":913327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70259125,"text":"70259125 - 2006 - Range condition as input to water quality monitoring in the northern Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-27T15:50:41.864023","indexId":"70259125","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T10:41:59","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Range condition as input to water quality monitoring in the northern Plains","docAbstract":"<p>Federal Clean Water Act requires that states develop Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for water bodies. Once the state has developed an inventory of TMDLs, it is required to provide public notice of the report and have it approved by the Environmental Protection Agency. The South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) is using the USDA’s annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Model to determine what land use changes are required to meet TMDL goals (South Dakota DENR, 2006). Of the approximately 450 parameters required for running the model, several are related to the condition of range and pasture sites and their respective management practices. Range condition is highly correlated with the nature of runoff occurring in a site. In addition to assisting the DENR, USGS is interested in improving its overall ability to monitor Northern Plains range condition with particular emphasis on the seven state study area (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming) being addressed by the Drought Monitoring, Carbon Cycle Research, Phenological Trends and other projects. It is understood than no one project can develop tools that adequately characterize the dynamics of the region’s rangelands, but by developing a suite of tools brought together from a number of projects there exists the opportunity to provide state, regional, and tribal land managers with the ability to address their particular needs. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prospecting for geospatial information integration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"ASPRS 2006 Annual Conference","conferenceDate":"May 1-5, 2006","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Wood, E.C., Wylie, B.K., Brown, J.F., Meyer, D.J., Maxwell, S., and Reed, B.C., 2006, Range condition as input to water quality monitoring in the northern Plains, <i>in</i> Prospecting for geospatial information integration, Reno, NV, May 1-5, 2006, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 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,{"id":70259124,"text":"70259124 - 2006 - Analysis of urban land use change in the Las Vegas metropolitan area using multi-temporal satellite imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-27T15:36:41.530807","indexId":"70259124","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T10:25:15","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Analysis of urban land use change in the Las Vegas metropolitan area using multi-temporal satellite imagery","docAbstract":"<p>Urban development has expanded rapidly in Las Vegas, Nevada, over the last fifty years. To assess urban land use change in the area, a sub-pixel change detection approach has been used to map urban extent and its temporal changes by determining sub-pixel level impervious surface areas from Landsat satellite remote sensing data in conjunction with digital orthophotography. Sub-pixel percentages of imperviousness are mapped from the 1980s to the 2000s for the Las Vegas metropolitan area using a regression tree model. The spatial-temporal distribution of vegetation in the urban area has also been quantified using the same approach. Analysis suggests that spatial and temporal changes in impervious surface are useful indicators of spatial extent, intensity, and potentially, the types of urban land cover and land use change. Results indicate that areas of 40–60% imperviousness have experienced the largest increase in Las Vegas, suggesting that areas of medium to high development density areas represent the major urban land uses in the region. Urban area fractional vegetation cover has the highest coverage in medium-density urban areas of Las Vegas. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prospecting for geospatial information integration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"ASPRS 2006 Annual Conference","conferenceDate":"May 1-5, 2006","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Xian, G.Z., Crane, M., and McMahon, C., 2006, Analysis of urban land use change in the Las Vegas metropolitan area using multi-temporal satellite imagery, <i>in</i> Prospecting for geospatial information integration, Reno, NV, May 1-5, 2006, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462339,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/Conference-Proceedings.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":462340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Las Vegas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.54626991302445,\n              36.44889040820341\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.54626991302445,\n              35.8352044368426\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.75273105660025,\n              35.8352044368426\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.75273105660025,\n              36.44889040820341\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.54626991302445,\n              36.44889040820341\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xian, George Z. 0000-0001-5674-2204 xian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":2263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"George","email":"xian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crane, Mike","contributorId":99824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crane","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McMahon, C.","contributorId":59308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70258389,"text":"70258389 - 2006 - Model-data fusion in the studies of terrestrial carbon sink","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-16T15:31:39.045827","indexId":"70258389","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T10:23:21","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Model-data fusion in the studies of terrestrial carbon sink","docAbstract":"<p><span>Current uncertainty in quantifying the global carbon budget remains a major contributing source of uncertainty in reliably projecting future climate change. Furthermore, quantifying the global carbon budget and characterizing uncertainties have emerged as critical to a successful implementation of United National Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol. Beyond fundamental quantification, attribution of the processes responsible for the so-called ‘residual terrestrial uptake’ is important to the carbon cycle communities’ ability to simulated the future response of the terrestrial biosphere to climate change and intentional sequestration activities. 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,{"id":70242707,"text":"70242707 - 2006 - Remote sensing observations of landslides and ground deformation from the 2004 Niigata Ken Chuetsu earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-13T15:04:33.383335","indexId":"70242707","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T09:21:07","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":14244,"text":"Soils and Foundations","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing observations of landslides and ground deformation from the 2004 Niigata Ken Chuetsu earthquake","docAbstract":"<p><span>In recent years, major developments in remote sensing have made it possible to use these technologies to document the effects of earthquakes. Specifically, high-resolution satellite imagery and three-dimensional laser scanning (LIDAR) can provide important observations of earthquake damage that supplement traditional observations from field reconnaissance. The 2004 Niigata Ken Chuetsu earthquake provided an opportunity to use remote sensing to document the distribution of landslides in the epicentral region through the use of high-resolution satellite imagery and to document the detailed three-dimensional geometries of several failures using LIDAR. The satellite imagery was acquired the day after the earthquake, but at very large acquisition angles that resulted in image distortion. Nonetheless, the satellite imagery accurately identified the landslide distribution in the epicentral region, although the total area of landslides was underestimated by about 25% as compared with traditional aerial reconnaissance because of the large acquisition angle for the satellite imagery. Terrestrial LIDAR was used to collect three-dimensional data at several failure sites, including two large rock slides and a railroad tunnel portal affected by ground deformation. The LIDAR data allowed for precise measurement of failure deformations and geometries, and provided digital terrain models that could be archived and used in future analyses. In the future, satellite imagery and LIDAR, as well as other remote sensing technologies, will play an increasing role in documenting and understanding the effects of earthquakes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.3208/sandf.46.831","usgsCitation":"Rathje, E.M., Kayen, R., and Woo, K., 2006, Remote sensing observations of landslides and ground deformation from the 2004 Niigata Ken Chuetsu earthquake: Soils and Foundations, v. 46, no. 6, p. 831-842, https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.46.831.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"831","endPage":"842","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.46.831","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":415711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","state":"Niigata Prefecture","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              138.766667,\n              37.3583\n            ],\n            [\n              138.766667,\n              37.25\n            ],\n            [\n              138.916667,\n              37.25\n            ],\n            [\n              138.916667,\n              37.3583\n            ],\n            [\n              138.766667,\n              37.3583\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathje, Ellen M.","contributorId":9544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathje","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kayen, Robert E. 0000-0002-0356-072X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0356-072X","contributorId":261195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woo, Kyu-Seok","contributorId":304142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woo","given":"Kyu-Seok","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70201092,"text":"70201092 - 2006 - Overview of the Opportunity Mars Exploration Rover Mission to Meridiani Planum: Eagle Crater to Purgatory Ripple","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T08:47:12","indexId":"70201092","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T08:45:24","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Overview of the Opportunity Mars Exploration Rover Mission to Meridiani Planum: Eagle Crater to Purgatory Ripple","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity touched down at Meridiani Planum in January 2004 and since then has been conducting observations with the Athena science payload. The rover has traversed more than 5 km, carrying out the first outcrop‐scale investigation of sedimentary rocks on Mars. The rocks of Meridiani Planum are sandstones formed by eolian and aqueous reworking of sand grains that are composed of mixed fine‐grained siliciclastics and sulfates. The siliciclastic fraction was produced by chemical alteration of a precursor basalt. The sulfates are dominantly Mg‐sulfates and also include Ca‐sulfates and jarosite. The stratigraphic section observed to date is dominated by eolian bedforms, with subaqueous current ripples exposed near the top of the section. After deposition, interaction with groundwater produced a range of diagenetic features, notably the hematite‐rich concretions known as “blueberries.” The bedrock at Meridiani is highly friable and has undergone substantial erosion by wind‐transported basaltic sand. This sand, along with concretions and concretion fragments eroded from the rock, makes up a soil cover that thinly and discontinuously buries the bedrock. The soil surface exhibits both ancient and active wind ripples that record past and present wind directions. Loose rocks on the soil surface are rare and include both impact ejecta and meteorites. While Opportunity's results show that liquid water was once present at Meridiani Planum below and occasionally at the surface, the environmental conditions recorded were dominantly arid, acidic, and oxidizing and would have posed some significant challenges to the origin of life.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2006JE002771","usgsCitation":"Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R., Bollen, D., Bell, J., Bruckner, J., Cabrol, N., Calvin, W.M., Carr, M.H., Christensen, P.R., Clark, B.C., Crumpler, L., Des Marais, D., D'Uston, C., Economou, T., Farmer, J., Farrand, W., Folkner, W., Gellert, R., Glotch, T., Golombek, M., Gorevan, S., Grant, J.A., Greeley, R., Grotzinger, J., Herkenhoff, K.E., Hviid, S., Johnson, J.R., Klingelhoefer, G., Knoll, A., Landis, G., Lemmon, M., Li, R., Madsen, M., Malin, M., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H., Ming, D.W., Moersch, J., Morris, R., Parker, T., Rice, J.W., Richter, L., Rieder, R., Schroeder, C., Sims, M., Smith, M., Smith, P., Soderblom, L.A., Sullivan, R., Tosca, N., Wänke, H., Wdowiak, T., Wolff, M., and Yen, A., 2006, Overview of the Opportunity Mars Exploration Rover Mission to Meridiani Planum: Eagle Crater to Purgatory Ripple: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 111, no. 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,{"id":70221511,"text":"70221511 - 2006 - Neotypes for paleocene species in the momipites-caryapollenites pollen lineage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-23T12:44:46.524429","indexId":"70221511","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-01T07:07:43","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3006,"text":"Palynology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neotypes for paleocene species in the momipites-caryapollenites pollen lineage","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract test\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>Neotypes are designated herein for certain Paleocene species of juglandaceous pollen that were originally described in 1978. The microscope slides bearing the holotypes have been lost, eliminating the possibility of designating lectotypes and necessitating, instead, the designation of neotype specimens to stabilize the nomenclature of the species, which are biostratigraphically significant. The species for which neotypes are designated are<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Momipites wyomingensis, Momipites waltmanensis</i>,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Momipites ventifluminis, Momipites actinus, Momipites anellus, Momipites leffingwellii, Caryapollenites prodromus, Caryapollenites imparalis, Caryapollenites inelegans,</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Caryapollenites wodehousei.</i></p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01916122.2006.9989617","usgsCitation":"Nichols, D.J., and Ott, H.L., 2006, Neotypes for paleocene species in the momipites-caryapollenites pollen lineage: Palynology, v. 30, no. 1, p. 33-41, https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2006.9989617.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"41","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, Douglas J.","contributorId":87184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ott, Henry L.","contributorId":260407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ott","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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