{"pageNumber":"24","pageRowStart":"575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":2263,"records":[{"id":70036922,"text":"70036922 - 2009 - Predicting dietborne metal toxicity from metal influxes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-12T07:55:07","indexId":"70036922","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting dietborne metal toxicity from metal influxes","docAbstract":"Dietborne metal uptake prevails for many species in nature. However, the links between dietary metal exposure and toxicity are not well understood. Sources of uncertainty include the lack of suitable tracers to quantify exposure for metals such as copper, the difficulty to assess dietary processes such as food ingestion rate, and the complexity to link metal bioaccumulation and effects. We characterized dietborne copper, nickel, and cadmium influxes in a freshwater gastropod exposed to diatoms labeled with enriched stable metal isotopes. Metal influxes in Lymnaea stagnalis correlated linearly with dietborne metal concentrations over a range encompassing most environmental exposures. Dietary Cd and Ni uptake rate constants (k<sub>uf</sub>) were, respectively, 3.3 and 2.3 times higher than that for Cu. Detoxification rate constants (k <sub>detox</sub>) were similar among metals and appeared 100 times higher than efflux rate constants (k<sub>e</sub>). Extremely high Cu concentrations reduced feeding rates, causing the relationship between exposure and influx to deviate from linearity; i.e., Cu uptake rates leveled off between 1500 and 1800 nmol g<sup>-1</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>. L. stagnalis rapidly takes up Cu, Cd, and Ni from food but detoxifies the accumulated metals, instead of reducing uptake or intensifying excretion. Above a threshold uptake rate, however, the detoxification capabilities of L. stagnalis are overwhelmed.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es9007454","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Croteau, M., and Luoma, S., 2009, Predicting dietborne metal toxicity from metal influxes: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 13, p. 4915-4921, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9007454.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4915","endPage":"4921","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217721,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9007454"}],"volume":"43","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81b3e4b0c8380cd7b6a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Croteau, M.-N.","contributorId":37511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croteau","given":"M.-N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036939,"text":"70036939 - 2009 - Weathering of the New Albany Shale, Kentucky: II. Redistribution of minor and trace elements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036939","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Weathering of the New Albany Shale, Kentucky: II. Redistribution of minor and trace elements","docAbstract":"During weathering, elements enriched in black shale are dispersed in the environment by aqueous and mechanical transport. Here a unique evaluation of the differential release, transport, and fate of Fe and 15 trace elements during progressive weathering of the Devonian New Albany Shale in Kentucky is presented. Results of chemical analyses along a weathering profile (unweathered through progressively weathered shale to soil) describe the chemically distinct pathways of the trace elements and the rate that elements are transferred into the broader, local environment. Trace elements enriched in the unweathered shale are in massive or framboidal pyrite, minor sphalerite, CuS and NiS phases, organic matter and clay minerals. These phases are subject to varying degrees and rates of alteration along the profile. Cadmium, Co, Mn, Ni, and Zn are removed from weathered shale during sulfide-mineral oxidation and transported primarily in aqueous solution. The aqueous fluxes for these trace elements range from 0.1 g/ha/a (Cd) to 44 g/ha/a (Mn). When hydrologic and climatic conditions are favorable, solutions seep to surface exposures, evaporate, and form Fe-sulfate efflorescent salts rich in these elements. Elements that remain dissolved in the low pH (<4) streams and groundwater draining New Albany Shale watersheds become fixed by reactions that increase pH. Neutralization of the weathering solution in local streams results in elements being adsorbed and precipitated onto sediment surfaces, resulting in trace element anomalies. Other elements are strongly adsorbed or structurally bound to solid phases during weathering. Copper and U initially are concentrated in weathering solutions, but become fixed to modern plant litter in soil formed on New Albany Shale. Molybdenum, Pb, Sb, and Se are released from sulfide minerals and organic matter by oxidation and accumulate in Fe-oxyhydroxide clay coatings that concentrate in surface soil during illuviation. Chromium, Ti, and V are strongly correlated with clay abundance and considered to be in the structure of illitic clay. Illite undergoes minimal alteration during weathering and is concentrated during illuvial processes. Arsenic concentration increases across the weathering profile and is associated with the succession of secondary Fe(III) minerals that form with progressive weathering. Detrital fluxes of particle-bound trace elements range from 0.1 g/ha/a (Sb) to 8 g/ha/a (Mo). Although many of the elements are concentrated in the stream sediments, changes in pH and redox conditions along the sediment transport path could facilitate their release for aqueous transport.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.034","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Tuttle, M., Breit, G.N., and Goldhaber, M., 2009, Weathering of the New Albany Shale, Kentucky: II. Redistribution of minor and trace elements: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1565-1578, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.034.","startPage":"1565","endPage":"1578","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217548,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.034"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcfbae4b08c986b32ea83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuttle, M.L.W.","contributorId":11812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"M.L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breit, G. N.","contributorId":94664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035108,"text":"70035108 - 2009 - The 16th International Geological Congress, Washington, 1933","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-02T11:27:09","indexId":"70035108","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1582,"text":"Episodes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 16th International Geological Congress, Washington, 1933","docAbstract":"<p>In 1933, the International Geological Congress (IGC) returned to the United States of America (USA) for its sixteenth meeting, forty-two years after the 5<sup>th</sup> IGC convened in Washington. The Geological Society of America and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) supplied the major part of the required extra-registration funding after the effects of the Great Depression influenced the 72<sup>th</sup> U.S. Congress not to do so. A reported 1, 182 persons or organizations, representing fifty-four countries, registered for the 16 <sup>th</sup> IGC and thirty-four countries sent 141 official delegates. Of the total number of registrants, 665 actually attended the meeting; 500 came from the USA; and fifteen had participated in the 5<sup>th</sup> IGC. The 16 <sup>th</sup> Meeting convened in the U.S. Chamber of Commerce Building from 22 to 29 July. The eighteen half-day scientific sections-orogenesis (four), major divisions of the Paleozoic (three), miscellaneous (three), batholiths and related intrusives (two), arid-region geomorphic processes and products (one), fossil man and contemporary faunas (one), geology of copper and other ore deposits (one), geology of petroleum (one), measuring geologic time (one), and zonal relations of metalliferous deposits (one)-included 166 papers, of which fifty (including several of the key contributions) appeared only by title. The Geological Society of Washington, the National Academy of Sciences, and the U.S. Bureau of Mines hosted or contributed to evening presentations or receptions. Twenty-eight of the 16<sup>th</sup> IGC's thirty new guidebooks and one new USGS Bulletin aided eight pre-meeting, seven during-meeting, and four post-meeting field trips of local, regional, or national scope. The remaining two new guidebooks outlined the USA's structural geology and its stratigraphic nomenclature. The 16<sup>th</sup> IGC published a two-volume monograph on the world's copper resources (1935) and a two-volume report of its proceedings (1936).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Union of Geological Sciences","issn":"07053797","usgsCitation":"Nelson, C., 2009, The 16th International Geological Congress, Washington, 1933: Episodes, v. 32, no. 1, p. 33-40.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243090,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":346309,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.episodes.org/journalArchive.do"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba616e4b08c986b320ea2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, C.M.","contributorId":31115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034836,"text":"70034836 - 2009 - Ultra-deep oxidation and exotic copper formation at the late pliocene boyongan and bayugo porphyry copper-gold deposits, surigao, philippines: Geology, mineralogy, paleoaltimetry, and their implications for Geologic, physiographic, and tectonic controls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034836","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ultra-deep oxidation and exotic copper formation at the late pliocene boyongan and bayugo porphyry copper-gold deposits, surigao, philippines: Geology, mineralogy, paleoaltimetry, and their implications for Geologic, physiographic, and tectonic controls","docAbstract":"The Boyongan and Bayugo porphyry copper-gold deposits are part of an emerging belt of intrusion-centered gold-rich deposits in the Surigao district of northeast Mindanao, Philippines. Exhumation and weathering of these Late Pliocene-age deposits has led to the development of the world's deepest known porphyry oxidation profile at Boyongan (600 m), and yet only a modest (30-70 m) oxidation profile at adjacent Bayugo. Debris flows, volcanic rocks, and fluviolacustrine sediments accumulating in the actively extending Mainit graben subsequently covered the deposits and preserved the supergene profiles. At Boyongan and Bayugo, there is a vertical transition from shallower supergene copper oxide minerals (malachite + azurite + cuprite) to deeper sulfide-stable assemblages (chalcocite ?? hypogene sulfides). This transition provides a time-integrated proxy for the position of the water table at the base of the saturated zone during supergene oxidation. Contours of the elevation of the paleopotentiometric surface based on this min- eralogical transition show that the thickest portions of the unsaturated zone coincided with a silt-sand matrix diatreme breccia complex at Boyongan. Within the breccia complex, the thickness of the unsaturated zone approached 600 in, whereas outside the breccia complex (e.g., at Bayugo), the thickness averaged 50 m. Contours of the paleopotentiometric surface suggest that during weathering, groundwater flowed into the breccia complex from the north, south, and east, and exited along a high permeability zone to the west. The high relief (>550 m) on the elevation of the paleopotentiometric surface is consistent with an environment of high topographic relief, and the outflow zone to the west of the breccia complex probably reflects proximity to a steep scarp intersecting the western breccia complex margin. Stable isotope paleoaltimetry has enabled estimation of the elevation of the land surface, which further constrains the physiographic setting during supergene oxidation. Isotopic measurements of oxygen in supergene kaolinite from Boyongan suggest that local paleometeoric water involved in weathering had a ??180 composition of approximately -5.7 per mil. At the latitude of the southern Philippines, this value corresponds to Pleistocene rain water condensing at elevations between 750 and 1,050 m above contemporary sea level, providing a maximum estimate for the surface elevation during weathering of the porphyry systems. Physiographic reconstuctions suggest that the deep oxidation profile at Boyongan formed in an environment of high topographic relief immediately east of a prominent (>550 m) escarpment. The high permeability contrast between the breccia complex and the surrounding wall rocks, coupled with the proximity of the breccia complex to the escarpment, led to a depressed groundwater table and a vertically extensive unsaturated zone in the immediate vicinity of Boyongan. This thick vadose zone and the low hypogene pyrite/copper sulfide ratios (0.6) at Boyongan promoted in situ oxidation of copper sulfides with only modest (<200 m) supergene remobilization of copper. In contrast, higher hypogene pyrite/chalcopyrite ratios (2.3) at Bayugo led to greater acid production during weathering and more complete leaching of copper above the base of oxidation. This process promoted significant (600 m) lateral dispersion of copper down the paleohydraulic gradient into the diatreme breccia comple, ultimately leading to the formation of an exotic copper deposit. ?? 2009 Society of Economices Geologists, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.104.3.333","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Braxton, D., Cooke, D.R., Ignacio, A., Rye, R.O., and Waters, P., 2009, Ultra-deep oxidation and exotic copper formation at the late pliocene boyongan and bayugo porphyry copper-gold deposits, surigao, philippines: Geology, mineralogy, paleoaltimetry, and their implications for Geologic, physiographic, and tectonic controls: Economic Geology, v. 104, no. 3, p. 333-349, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.104.3.333.","startPage":"333","endPage":"349","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215903,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.104.3.333"},{"id":243739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbbfce4b08c986b32895d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braxton, D.P.","contributorId":107522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braxton","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooke, D. R.","contributorId":99764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooke","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ignacio, A.M.","contributorId":69383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ignacio","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rye, R. O.","contributorId":66208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waters, P.J.","contributorId":103110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waters","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032271,"text":"70032271 - 2009 - An inducible HSP70 gene from the midge Chironomus dilutus: Characterization and transcription profile under environmental stress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70032271","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2004,"text":"Insect Molecular Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An inducible HSP70 gene from the midge Chironomus dilutus: Characterization and transcription profile under environmental stress","docAbstract":"In the present study, we identified and characterized an inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) from the midge Chironomus dilutus and investigated the transcriptional profile of the gene under baseline and environmentally stressful conditions. Using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we observed increased expression of CD-HSP70-1 in response to both heat shock and copper stress. We also investigated the expression of this gene during midge development. All C. dilutus developmental stages expressed CD-HSP70-1 under normal conditions, although at extremely low levels. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequence demonstrated distinct clustering of this gene with inducible HSP70s from other insect species. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Insect Molecular Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2583.2008.00853.x","issn":"09621","usgsCitation":"Karouna-Renier, N.K., and Rao, K., 2009, An inducible HSP70 gene from the midge Chironomus dilutus: Characterization and transcription profile under environmental stress: Insect Molecular Biology, v. 18, no. 1, p. 87-96, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2008.00853.x.","startPage":"87","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215037,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2008.00853.x"},{"id":242806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea7ae4b0c8380cd488b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karouna-Renier, N. K.","contributorId":22588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rao, K.R.","contributorId":29652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rao","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034471,"text":"70034471 - 2009 - The weathering of a sulfide orebody: Speciation and fate of some potential contaminants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034471","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1177,"text":"Canadian Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The weathering of a sulfide orebody: Speciation and fate of some potential contaminants","docAbstract":"Various potentially toxic trace elements such as As, Cu, Pb and Zn have been remobilized by the weathering of a sulfide orebody that was only partially mined at Leona Heights, California. As a result, this body has both natural and anthropogeni- cally modified weathering profiles only 500 m apart. The orebody is located in a heavily urbanized area in suburban Oakland, and directly affects water quality in at least one stream by producing acidic conditions and relatively high concentrations of dissolved elements (e.g., ??500 ??g/L Cu, ??3700 ??g/L Zn). Micrometric-scale mineralogical investigations were performed on the authigenic metal-bearing phases (less than 10 ??m in size) using electron-probe micro-analysis (EPMA), micro-Raman, micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy (??XAS), scanning X-ray diffraction ((??SXRD) and scanning X-ray fluorescence (??-SXRF) mapping techniques. Those measurements were coupled with classical mineralogical laboratory techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Authigenic metal-bearing phases identified are mainly sulfates (jarosite, epsomite, schwertmannite), Fe (oxy-)hydroxides (goethite, hematite and poorly crystalline Fe products) and poorly crystalline Mn (hydr-)oxides. Sulfates and Fe (oxy-)hydroxides are the two main secondary products at both sites, whereas Mn (hydr-) oxides were only observed in the samples from the non-mining site. In these samples, the various trace elements show different affinities for Fe or Mn compounds. Lead is preferentially associated with Mn (hydr-)oxides and As with Fe (oxy-)hydroxides or sulfates. Copper association with Mn and Fe phases is questionable, and the results obtained rather indicate that Cu is present as individual Cu-rich grains (Cu hydroxides). Some ochreous precipitates were found at both sites and correspond to a mixture of schwertmannite, goethite and jarosite containing some potentially toxic trace elements such as Cu, Pb and Zn. According to the trace element distribution and relative abundance of the unweathered sulfides, this orebody still represents a significant reservoir of potential contaminants for the watershed, especially at the non-mining site, as a much greater proportion of sulfides is left to react and because of the lower porosity at this site.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3749/canmin.47.3.493","issn":"00084476","usgsCitation":"Courtin-Nomade, A., Grosbois, C., Marcus, M., Fakra, S., Beny, J., and Foster, A., 2009, The weathering of a sulfide orebody: Speciation and fate of some potential contaminants: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 47, no. 3, p. 493-508, https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.47.3.493.","startPage":"493","endPage":"508","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476238,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://insu.hal.science/insu-00409818","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215739,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.47.3.493"},{"id":243562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb1d7e4b08c986b32544b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Courtin-Nomade, A.","contributorId":80508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtin-Nomade","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosbois, C.","contributorId":94075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosbois","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marcus, M.A.","contributorId":84966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcus","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fakra, S.C.","contributorId":60874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fakra","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beny, J.-M.","contributorId":30065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beny","given":"J.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Foster, A. L. 0000-0003-1362-0068","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-0068","contributorId":17190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"A. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035933,"text":"70035933 - 2009 - Geochemistry of yukon and copper river tributaries, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035933","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemistry of yukon and copper river tributaries, Alaska","docAbstract":"Alaska is already beginning to be affected by changes in global climate which make it a good location to study the feedback effects between climate, the water cycle and the carbon cycle. Using river dissolved elements and Sr isotopes we examine changes and/or differences in chemical weathering between watersheds in predominantly permafrost areas and glacial watersheds. Tributaries of the Tanana, Yukon, Nenana and Copper rivers were sampled during the early snow melt in late May and the late permafrost/glacial melt period in September of 2007. Waters are predominantly CaHCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/SO<sub>4</sub> which is typical of glaciated terrains. <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr isotopes indicate three potential end-members, young basalts, radiogenic silicates and marine carbonates. The results are consistent with weathering observed in glaciated regions with trace calcites and salts dominating the dissolved load; however we have evidence for silicate weathering. Results also indicate that permafrost watersheds experience more progressive silicate weathering than glacial watersheds. ??2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)592","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Carney, M., Ellis, A., Bullen, T., and Langman, J., 2009, Geochemistry of yukon and copper river tributaries, Alaska, <i>in</i> Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 5857-5863, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)592.","startPage":"5857","endPage":"5863","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216499,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)592"},{"id":244374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a172ae4b0c8380cd553e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carney, M.","contributorId":40826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carney","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, A.","contributorId":10640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bullen, T.","contributorId":102651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Langman, J.","contributorId":43199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032306,"text":"70032306 - 2009 - Geology and geochemistry of the Mammoth breccia pipe, Copper Creek mining district, southeastern Arizona: Evidence for a magmatic-hydrothermal origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70032306","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and geochemistry of the Mammoth breccia pipe, Copper Creek mining district, southeastern Arizona: Evidence for a magmatic-hydrothermal origin","docAbstract":"The Copper Creek mining district, southeastern Arizona, contains more than 500 mineralized breccia pipes, buried porphyry-style, copper-bearing stockworks, and distal lead-silver veins. The breccia pipes are hosted by the Copper Creek Granodiorite and the Glory Hole volcanic rocks. The unexposed Mammoth breccia pipe, solely recognized by drilling, has a vertical extent of 800 m and a maximum width of 180 m. The pipe consists of angular clasts of granodiorite cemented by quartz, chalcopyrite, bornite, anhydrite, and calcite. Biotite 40Ar/ 39Ar dates suggest a minimum age of 61.5??0.7 Ma for the host Copper Creek Granodiorite and 40Ar/39Ar dates on hydrothermal sericite indicate an age of 61.0??0.5 Ma for copper mineralization. Fluid inclusion studies suggest that a supercritical fluid with a salinity of approximately 10 wt.% NaCl equiv. condensed to a dilute aqueous vapor (1-2.8 wt.% NaCl equiv.) and a hypersaline brine (33.4-35.1 wt.% NaCl equiv.). Minimum trapping temperatures are 375??C and trapping depths are estimated at 2 km. Sulfur isotope fractionation of cogenetic anhydrite and chalcopyrite yields a temperature of mineralization of 469??25??C. Calculated oxygen and hydrogen isotope values for fluids in equilibrium with quartz and sericite range from 10.2??? to 13.4??? and -60??? to -39???, respectively, suggesting that the mineralizing fluid was dominantly magmatic. Evidence from the stable isotope and fluid inclusion analyses suggests that the fluids responsible for Cu mineralization within the Mammoth breccia pipe exsolved from a gray porphyry phase found at the base of the breccia pipe. ?? Springer-Verlag 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00126-008-0206-2","issn":"00264","usgsCitation":"Anderson, E., Atkinson, W.W., Marsh, T., and Iriondo, A., 2009, Geology and geochemistry of the Mammoth breccia pipe, Copper Creek mining district, southeastern Arizona: Evidence for a magmatic-hydrothermal origin: Mineralium Deposita, v. 44, no. 2, p. 151-170, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-008-0206-2.","startPage":"151","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214604,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-008-0206-2"},{"id":242344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a22e1e4b0c8380cd57403","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, E. D. 0000-0002-0138-6166","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-6166","contributorId":104561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"E. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atkinson, William W. Jr.","contributorId":18801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marsh, T.","contributorId":86987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iriondo, A.","contributorId":30823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iriondo","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70043880,"text":"70043880 - 2009 - Task 1: Whole-body concentrations of elements in kelp bass (<i>Paralabrax clathratus</i>), kelp rockfish (<i>Sebastes atrovirens</i>), and Pacific sanddab (<i>Citharichthys sordidus</i>) from offshore oil platforms and natural areas in the Southern California Bight","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T12:18:22","indexId":"70043880","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Task 1: Whole-body concentrations of elements in kelp bass (<i>Paralabrax clathratus</i>), kelp rockfish (<i>Sebastes atrovirens</i>), and Pacific sanddab (<i>Citharichthys sordidus</i>) from offshore oil platforms and natural areas in the Southern California Bight","docAbstract":"<p>Resource managers are concerned that offshore oil platforms in the Southern California Bight may be contributing to environmental contaminants accumulated by marine fishes. To examine this possibility, 18 kelp bass (<i>Paralabrax clathratus</i>), 80 kelp rockfish (<i>Sebastes atrovirens</i>), and 98 Pacific sanddab (<i>Citharichthys sordidus</i>) were collected from five offshore oil platforms and 10 natural areas during 2005-2006 for whole-body analysis of 63 elements. The natural areas, which served as reference sites, were assumed to be relatively uninfluenced by contaminants originating from platforms. Forty-two elements were excluded from statistical comparisons for one of three reasons: they consisted of major cations that were unlikely to accumulate to potentially toxic concentrations under ambient exposure conditions; they were not detected by the analytical procedures; or they were detected at concentrations too low to yield reliable quantitative measurements. The remaining 21 elements consisted of aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gallium, iron, lead, lithium, manganese, mercury, nickel, rubidium, selenium, strontium, tin, titanium, vanadium, and zinc. Statistical comparisons of these 21 elements indicated that none consistently exhibited higher concentrations at oil platforms than at natural areas. Eight comparisons yielded significant interaction effects between total length (TL) of the fish and the two habitat types (oil platforms and natural areas). This indicated that relations between certain elemental concentrations (i.e., copper, rubidium, selenium, tin, titanium, and vanadium) and habitat type varied by TL of affected fish species. To better understand these interactions, we examined elemental concentrations in very small and very large individuals of affected species. Although significant interactions were detected for rubidium, tin, and selenium in kelp rockfish, the concentrations of these elements did not differ significantly between oil platforms and natural areas over the TL range of sampled fish. However, for selenium, titanium, and vanadium in Pacific sanddab, small individuals (average TL, 13.0 cm) exhibited significantly lower concentrations at oil platforms than at natural areas, whereas large individuals (average TL, 27.5 cm) exhibited higher concentrations at oil platforms than at natural areas. For copper in Pacific sanddab, small individuals did not exhibit differences between oil platforms and natural areas, whereas large individuals exhibited significantly higher concentrations at oil platforms than at natural areas. On the other hand, for tin in Pacific sanddab, small individuals did not exhibit differences between oil platforms and natural areas, whereas large individuals exhibited significantly lower concentrations at oil platforms than at natural areas. Although concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium in fishes from some platforms and natural areas equaled or exceeded literature-based toxicity thresholds for fish and fish-eating wildlife, studies are still needed to document evidence of toxicity from these elements. When estimates of elemental concentrations in skinless fillets were compared to risk-based consumption limits for humans, the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and tin in fish from a mix of oil platforms and natural areas were sufficiently elevated to suggest a need for further study of inorganic arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and tributyltin.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reproductive ecology and body burden of resident fish prior to decomissioning","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Minerals Management Service, Pacific OCS Region","usgsCitation":"Love, M.S., 2009, Task 1: Whole-body concentrations of elements in kelp bass (<i>Paralabrax clathratus</i>), kelp rockfish (<i>Sebastes atrovirens</i>), and Pacific sanddab (<i>Citharichthys sordidus</i>) from offshore oil platforms and natural areas in the Southern California Bight, 32 p.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"32","ipdsId":"IP-017308","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southern California ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.66284179687499,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.04284667968749,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.04284667968749,\n              34.161818161230386\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.66284179687499,\n              34.161818161230386\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.66284179687499,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"OCS Study; MMS 2009-019","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5864dd58e4b0cd2dabe7c1f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Milton S.","contributorId":117818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Milton","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044680,"text":"70044680 - 2008 - The Early Oligocene Copperas Creek Volcano and geology along New Mexico Higway 15 between Sapillo Creek and the Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, Grant and Catron Counties, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-04T13:43:28.987251","indexId":"70044680","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:53:10","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The Early Oligocene Copperas Creek Volcano and geology along New Mexico Higway 15 between Sapillo Creek and the Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, Grant and Catron Counties, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The section of New Mexico Highway 15 between the intersection of NM-15 and NM 35 (aka Sapillo junction) at the south and the Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument at the north end of NM –15 occupies an approximately 18 mile long, mile wide, corridor through the eastern part of the Gila Wilderness (Fig. 1). Whereas most of the Gila Wilderness is dominated by silicic, caldera-forming supervolcanoes of Eocene to Oligocene age, this part of NM-15 traverses a volcanic terrain of similar age, but composed mainly of intermediate composition lava flows and minor associated rhyolitic intrusions and pyroclastic rocks, which are related to the here-named Copperas Creek volcano. This volcanic complex is bounded by Basin and Range structures: on the south by the Sapillo Creek graben, and on the north by the Gila Hot Springs graben, both of which are filled with Gila Conglomerate of late Tertiary to Pleistocene(?) age. Hot springs in the Gila River valley are localized along faults in the deepest part of the Gila Hot Springs graben. The cliff dwellings of the National Monument were constructed in caves in Gila Conglomerate in the western part of the Gila Hot Springs graben. The eastern edge of the Gila Cliff Dwellings caldera is buried by younger rocks east of the cliff dwellings, but spectacular cliffs of Bloodgood Canyon Tuff, which fills the caldera, can be viewed along the West Fork of the Gila River from the trail starting at the cliff dwellings. Although this is not intended as a formal road log, highway mileage markers (MM) will be used to locate geologic features more or less progressively from south to north along NM-15.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"New Mexico Geological Society Fall Field Conference Guidebook 59 Geology of the Gila Wilderness-Silver City area","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"New Mexico Geological Society","doi":"10.56577/FFC-59.129","usgsCitation":"Ratte, J.C., 2008, The Early Oligocene Copperas Creek Volcano and geology along New Mexico Higway 15 between Sapillo Creek and the Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, Grant and Catron Counties, New Mexico, <i>in</i> New Mexico Geological Society Fall Field Conference Guidebook 59 Geology of the Gila Wilderness-Silver City area, p. 129-140, https://doi.org/10.56577/FFC-59.129.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"140","ipdsId":"IP-004856","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275598,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.05,31.33 ], [ -109.05,37.0 ], [ -103.0,37.0 ], [ -103.0,31.33 ], [ -109.05,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e066e4b0cecbe8fa98bd","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Mack, Greg","contributorId":111993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509269,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witcher, James","contributorId":111782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witcher","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509268,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lueth, Virgil W.","contributorId":113648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lueth","given":"Virgil","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509270,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Ratte, James C.","contributorId":47671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratte","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70000122,"text":"70000122 - 2008 - Trace elements in hydrothermal quartz: Relationships to cathodoluminescent textures and insights into vein formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000122","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:24","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace elements in hydrothermal quartz: Relationships to cathodoluminescent textures and insights into vein formation","docAbstract":"High-resolution electron microprobe maps show the distribution of Ti, Al, Ca, K, and Fe among quartz growth zones revealed by scanning electron microscope-cathodoluminescence (SEM-CL) from 12 hydrothermal ore deposits formed between ???100 and e1750 ??C. The maps clearly show the relationships between trace elements and CL intensity in quartz. Among all samples, no single trace element consistently correlates with variations in CL intensity. However in vein quartz from five porphyry-Cu (Mo-Au) deposits, CL intensity always correlates positively with Ti concentrations, suggesting that Ti is a CL activator in quartz formed at >400 ??C. Ti concentrations in most rutile-bearing vein quartz from porphyry copper deposits indicate reasonable formation temperatures of <750 ??C using the TitaniQ geothermometer. Titanium concentrations of <10 ppm in all veins that formed at temperatures <350 ??C suggest broad correlation between Ti concentrations and temperature of quartz precipitation. In quartz from most deposits formed at <350 ??C, bimodal Al concentrations exist wherein some growth bands contain <50 ppm and others contain >2000 ppm, but in high-temperature quartz, Al concentrations are consistently in the range of several hundred ppm. Aluminum concentrations in quartz refl ect the Al solubility in hydrothermal fluids, which is strongly dependent on pH. Aluminum concentrations in quartz therefore reflect fluctuations in pH that may drive metal-sulfide precipitation in hydrothermal systems. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G24580A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Rusk, B., Lowers, H., and Reed, M., 2008, Trace elements in hydrothermal quartz: Relationships to cathodoluminescent textures and insights into vein formation: Geology, v. 36, no. 7, p. 547-550, https://doi.org/10.1130/G24580A.1.","startPage":"547","endPage":"550","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18675,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G24580A.1"}],"volume":"36","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f1c66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rusk, B.G.","contributorId":48667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rusk","given":"B.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowers, H.A. 0000-0001-5360-9264","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":31843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"H.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, M.H.","contributorId":91606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000118,"text":"70000118 - 2008 - Wave climate, sediment supply and the depth of the sand-mud transition: A global survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000118","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:24","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wave climate, sediment supply and the depth of the sand-mud transition: A global survey","docAbstract":"The influences of wave climate and sediment supply on the depths of sand-mud transitions (hSMT) are investigated. Depths of sand-mud transitions (SMT) are based on published granulometric data from surface samples gathered from 14 sites in different wave-dominated coastal environments with fluvial input, including high energy (Columbia, Eel, Russian, San Lorenzo, Copper, and Nepean rivers), moderate energy (Ebro, Nile, Santa Clara, Tseng-wen and Kao-ping rivers), and low energy (Po, Pescara and Tronto rivers) regimes. Geometric mean diameter (GMD) and mud percent are compiled from samples along shore-normal transects, and significant correlation is found between these two textural descriptors. Nominally, the SMT is defined as the transition from GMD > 63????m to < 63????m. The correlation between mud percent and GMD permits an alternative, complementary definition of the SMT as the transition from < 25% mud to > 25% mud. This dual definition is applied to the 14 systems, and hSMT is tabulated for each system. Correlation is found between hSMT and the depth at which wave-induced bottom shear stress equals the critical erosion shear stress of the largest mud particles and also between hSMT and significant wave height. Lack of correlation between hSMT and sediment load of nearby rivers indicates either that the influence of sediment supply on depth of the sand-mud transition is small or is not adequately represented in this study. Shelf width and slope do not correlate with residuals from a formalized linear relationship between hSMT and significant wave height. The relationship between hSMT and wave climate is useful for calibration of numerical models of erosion and deposition in wave-dominated coastal environments, for prediction of seabed properties in remote or inaccessible areas, and for reconstruction of paleodepth based on facies changes from sand to mud in ancient rocks. ?? 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2008.05.005","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"George, D., and Hill, P., 2008, Wave climate, sediment supply and the depth of the sand-mud transition: A global survey: Marine Geology, v. 254, no. 3-4, p. 121-128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.05.005.","startPage":"121","endPage":"128","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203272,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18674,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.05.005"}],"volume":"254","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687cff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, D.A.","contributorId":43897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, P.S.","contributorId":48683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97378,"text":"pp1753 - 2008 - Geology and ore deposits of the Uncompahgre (Ouray) Mining District, Southwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-27T08:08:14","indexId":"pp1753","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1753","title":"Geology and ore deposits of the Uncompahgre (Ouray) Mining District, Southwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"<table border=\"0\" class=\"mce-item-table\"><tbody><tr><td><p>The Uncompahgre mining district, part of the Ouray mining district, includes an area of about 15 mi<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>on the northwestern flank of the San Juan Mountains in southwestern Colorado from which ores of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc have had a gross value of $14 to 15 million.</p><p>Bedrock within the district ranges in age from Proterozoic to Cenozoic. At least three major uplifts of the ancestral San Juan Mountains occurred during the Proterozoic and at the close of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic, respectively. The last event, known as the Laramide orogeny, locally was accompanied by extensive intrusion of igneous rocks.</p><p>The principal ore deposits of the district were associated with crosscutting and laccolithic intrusions of porphyritic granodiorite formed during the Laramide orogeny. The ores were deposited chiefly in Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary strata. Ore deposits range from low-grade, contact-metamorphic through pyritic base-metal bodies containing silver and gold tellurides and native gold to silver-bearing lead-zinc deposits.</p><p>Ore deposition was largely controlled by structural trends and axes of uplift established during Paleozoic deformation, and also in part by structural lines established during the Proterozoic. There are two main structural axes in the district: (1) a north-northwest-trending axis of uplift, called the Uncompahgre axis, and (2) an intrusive axis of northeastward trend. The two axes intersect near the center of eruptive activity and divide the district into four structural sectors.</p><p>Sources of the ore-forming fluids lie along the northeast-trending intrusive zone and appear to be related genetically to the igneous rocks. Contact-metamorphic deposits and most of the pyritic gold-bearing deposits were found in the central parts of the district. The silver-lead-zinc deposits were found chiefly in the northern and southern sectors of the district. Ore deposition was controlled by nearness to the intrusive contacts, nearness to zones of shallow tensional fractures, and other factors. The largest and highest grade deposits were either mostly developed or nearly exhausted at the time of our studies; they occurred in a zone near the Uncompahgre axis.</p></td></tr></tbody></table>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1753","isbn":"9781411320857","usgsCitation":"Burbank, W.S., and Luedke, R.G., 2008, Geology and ore deposits of the Uncompahgre (Ouray) Mining District, Southwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1753, Report: x, 107 p.; 7 Plates: 30.26 x 14.67 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1753.","productDescription":"Report: x, 107 p.; 7 Plates: 30.26 x 14.67 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1753/images/pp1753.gif"},{"id":12607,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1753/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109,37 ], [ -109,39 ], [ -107,39 ], [ -107,37 ], [ -109,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68645f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burbank, Wilbur S.","contributorId":24758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burbank","given":"Wilbur","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luedke, Robert G.","contributorId":18339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luedke","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97295,"text":"sir20085224 - 2008 - Statistical analysis of major ion and trace element geochemistry of water, 1986-2006, at seven wells transecting the freshwater/saline-water interface of the Edwards aquifer, San Antonio, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-18T20:22:47.879504","indexId":"sir20085224","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5224","title":"Statistical analysis of major ion and trace element geochemistry of water, 1986-2006, at seven wells transecting the freshwater/saline-water interface of the Edwards aquifer, San Antonio, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>This report by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, describes the results of a statistical analysis of major ion and trace element geochemistry of water at seven wells transecting the freshwater/saline-water interface of the Edwards aquifer in San Antonio, Texas, either over time or in response to variations in hydrologic conditions. The data used in this report were collected during 1986&ndash;2006. The seven monitoring wells are screened at different depths in the aquifer at three sites that form a generally north-to-south transect. The three wells of the southern site and the deeper of the two middle-site wells are open to the freshwater/saline-water transition zone, which contains saline water. The shallower well of the middle site and the two wells of the northern site are open to the freshwater zone.</p>\n<p>Mean specific conductance (SC) values were greater at transition-zone wells than at freshwater-zone wells, but SC did not vary systematically with depth. Concentrations of all major ions except bicarbonate were greater at transition-zone wells than at freshwater-zone wells, but concentrations tended to be more variable at freshwater-zone wells. Mean molar ratios of magnesium:calcium, sulfate:chloride, and sodium:chloride were similar at transition-zone wells and freshwater-zone wells. Concentrations of trace elements for many water samples at the seven transect wells were below the laboratory analytical reporting level. Detections of trace elements were more frequent at transition-zone wells, and mean concentrations of cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, and silver were elevated at transition-zone wells relative to freshwater-zone wells.</p>\n<p>All strong correlations between SC and major ions were positive, and in general there were more and stronger correlations between SC and major ions in the water from the freshwater-zone wells than from the transition-zone wells. Except for the shallowest transition-zone well, the transition-zone wells had relatively few strong correlations overall. The lack of a strong correlation indicates that much of the variability in the major ion concentrations at these wells might be a result of analytical variability caused by the multiple laboratory analytical methods used. In most cases, strong correlations between concentrations of trace elements were positive, and transition-zone wells and freshwater-zone wells had water with a similar number of significant correlations.</p>\n<p>Principal components analysis indicates dilution of ground water by low-ionic-strength meteoric water at the three freshwater-zone wells and at the shallowest transition-zone well. At the two deeper transition-zone wells at the southern site, principal components analysis indicates that there is no systematic variation in major ion concentrations. At three transition-zone wells, there was a general trend toward less salinity over the 21-year period of sampling. Trends in SC at the freshwater-zone wells were less consistent. There is no systematic change in the direction of trend in SC by water type (saline or fresh), between sites, or with depth. In general, trends in major ion concentrations corresponded to those in SC. For each trace element over the 21-year sampling period, there was either no trend or a downward trend.</p>\n<p>Relations between SC, major ions, and major ion molar ratios and hydrologic indicators (concurrent or prior time-averaged measures of water level and effective rainfall) were investigated. Correlations between geochemical variables and measures of water level in the freshwater-zone wells were much more frequent than correlations between geochemical variables and measures of water level in the transition-zone wells. There were correlations between SC and all measures of water level at the two freshwater-zone wells at the northern site, but there were no correlations between SC and any measures of water level at any transition-zone wells. SC was correlated with effective rainfall at all freshwater-zone wells and at one transition-zone well.</p>\n<p>The statistical analyses taken together indicate that the geochemistry at the freshwater-zone wells is more variable than that at the transition-zone wells. The geochemical variability at the freshwater-zone wells might result from dilution of ground water by meteoric water. This is indicated by relatively constant major ion molar ratios; a preponderance of positive correlations between SC, major ions, and trace elements; and a principal components analysis in which the major ions are strongly loaded on the first principal component. Much of the variability at three of the four transition-zone wells might result from the use of different laboratory analytical methods or reporting procedures during the period of sampling. This is reflected by a lack of correlation between SC and major ion concentrations at the transition-zone wells and by a principal components analysis in which the variability is fairly evenly distributed across several principal components. The statistical analyses further indicate that, although the transition-zone wells are less well connected to surficial hydrologic conditions than the freshwater-zone wells, there is some connection but the response time is longer.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085224","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Mahler, B., 2008, Statistical analysis of major ion and trace element geochemistry of water, 1986-2006, at seven wells transecting the freshwater/saline-water interface of the Edwards aquifer, San Antonio, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5224, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085224.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1986-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420919,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86358.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":327274,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5224/pdf/sir2008-5224.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":12346,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5224/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":121083,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5224.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","otherGeospatial":"Edwards aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.5,\n              29.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.5,\n              29.4167\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.4,\n              29.4167\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.4,\n              29.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.5,\n              29.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cae4b07f02db542bc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97281,"text":"ofr20081356 - 2008 - Factors that Influence the Price of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Rare Earth Elements, and Zn","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"ofr20081356","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1356","title":"Factors that Influence the Price of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Rare Earth Elements, and Zn","docAbstract":"This report is based on a presentation delivered at The 12th International Battery Materials Recycling Seminar, March 17-20, 2008, Fort Lauderdale, Fla., about the factors that influence prices for aluminum, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, nickel, rare earth elements, and zinc. These are a diverse group of metals that are of interest to the battery recycling industry. Because the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) closely monitors, yet neither buys nor sells, metal commodities, it is an unbiased source of metal price information and analysis.\r\n\r\nThe authors used information about these and other metals collected and published by the USGS (U.S. production, trade, stocks, and prices and world production) and internationally (consumption and stocks by country) from industry organizations, because metal markets are influenced by activities and events over the entire globe. Long-term prices in this report, represented by unit values, were adjusted to 1998 constant dollars to remove the effects of inflation. A previous USGS study in this subject area was 'Economic Drivers of Mineral Supply' by Lorie A. Wagner, Daniel E. Sullivan, and John L. Sznopek (USGS Open File Report 02-335). \r\n\r\nBy seeking a common cause for common behavior of prices among the various metal commodities, the authors found that major factors that influence prices of metal commodities were international events such as wars and recessions, and national events such as the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 and economic growth in China, which started its open door policy in the 1970s but did not have significant market impact until the 1990s. Metal commodity prices also responded to commodity-specific events such as tariff or usage changes or mine strikes. \r\n\r\nIt is shown that the prices of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, and zinc are at historic highs, that world stocks are at (or near) historic lows, and that China's consumption of these metals had increased substantially, making it the world's leading consumer of these metals.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081356","usgsCitation":"Papp, J.F., Bray, E.L., Edelstein, D.L., Fenton, M.D., Guberman, D.E., Hedrick, J.B., Jorgenson, J.D., Kuck, P.H., Shedd, K.B., and Tolcin, A., 2008, Factors that Influence the Price of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Rare Earth Elements, and Zn: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1356, iv, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081356.","productDescription":"iv, 61 p.","temporalStart":"2008-03-17","temporalEnd":"2008-03-20","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12332,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1356/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6864e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Papp, John F. jpapp@usgs.gov","contributorId":2895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papp","given":"John","email":"jpapp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bray, E. Lee lbray@usgs.gov","contributorId":39903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bray","given":"E.","email":"lbray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edelstein, Daniel L. dedelste@usgs.gov","contributorId":2894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edelstein","given":"Daniel","email":"dedelste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fenton, Michael D. mfenton@usgs.gov","contributorId":2897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenton","given":"Michael","email":"mfenton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guberman, David E. dguberman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guberman","given":"David","email":"dguberman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hedrick, James B.","contributorId":19993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedrick","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jorgenson, John D.","contributorId":74087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kuck, Peter H. pkuck@usgs.gov","contributorId":5173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuck","given":"Peter","email":"pkuck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shedd, Kim B. kshedd@usgs.gov","contributorId":2896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedd","given":"Kim","email":"kshedd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tolcin, Amy C. atolcin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolcin","given":"Amy C.","email":"atolcin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":97190,"text":"sir20065008 - 2008 - Environmental factors affecting mercury in Camp Far West Reservoir, California, 2001-03","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T12:23:20","indexId":"sir20065008","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5008","title":"Environmental factors affecting mercury in Camp Far West Reservoir, California, 2001-03","docAbstract":"This report documents water quality in Camp Far West Reservoir from October 2001 through August 2003. The reservoir, located at approximately 300 feet above sea level in the foothills of the northwestern Sierra Nevada, California, is a monomictic lake characterized by extreme drawdown in the late summer and fall. Thermal stratification in summer and fall is coupled with anoxic conditions in the hypolimnion. Water-quality sampling was done at approximately 3-month intervals on eight occasions at several stations in the reservoir, including a group of three stations along a flow path in the reservoir: an upstream station in the Bear River arm (principal tributary), a mid-reservoir station in the thalweg (prereservoir river channel), and a station in the deepest part of the reservoir, in the thalweg near Camp Far West Dam. Stations in other tributary arms of the reservoir included those in the Rock Creek arm of the reservoir, a relatively low-flow tributary, and the Dairy Farm arm, a small tributary that receives acidic, metal-rich drainage seasonally from the inactive Dairy Farm Mine, which produced copper, zinc, and gold from underground workings and a surface pit.\r\n\r\nSeveral water-quality constituents varied significantly by season at all sampling stations, including major cations and anions, total mercury (filtered and unfiltered samples), nitrogen (ammonia plus organic), and total phosphorus. A strong seasonal signal also was observed for the sulfurisotope composition of aqueous sulfate from filtered water. Although there were some spatial differences in water quality, the seasonal variations were more profound. Concentrations of total mercury (filtered and unfiltered water) were highest during fall and winter; these concentrations decreased at most stations during spring and summer. Anoxic conditions developed in deep parts of the reservoir during summer and fall in association with thermal stratification. The highest concentrations of methylmercury in unfiltered water were observed in samples collected during summer from deepwater stations in the anoxic hypolimnion. In the shallow (less than 14 meters depth) oxic epilimnion, concentrations of methylmercury in unfiltered water were highest during the spring and lowest during the fall. The ratio of methylmercury to total mercury (MeHg/HgT) increased systematically from winter to spring to summer, largely in response to the progressive seasonal decrease in total mercury concentrations, but also to some extent because of increases in MeHg concentrations during summer.\r\n\r\nWater-quality data for Camp Far West Reservoir are used in conjunction with data from linked studies of sediment and biota to develop and refine a conceptual model for mercury methylation and bioaccumulation in the reservoir and the lower Bear River watershed. It is hypothesized that MeHg is produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria in the anoxic parts of the water column and in shallow bed sediment. Conditions were optimal for this process during late summer and fall. Previous work has indicated that Camp Far West Reservoir is a phosphate-limited system - molar ratios of inorganic nitrogen to inorganic phosphorus in filtered water were consistently greater than 16 (the Redfield ratio), sometimes by orders of magnitude. Therefore, concentrations of orthophosphate were expectedly very low or below detection at all stations during all seasons. It is further hypothesized that iron-reducing bacteria facilitate release of phosphorus from iron-rich sediments during summer and early fall, stimulating phytoplankton growth in the fall and winter, and that the MeHg produced in the hypolimnion and metalimnion is released to the entire water column in the late fall during reservoir destratification (vertical mixing). \r\n\r\nMercury bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were computed using data from linked studies of biota spanning a range of trophic position: zooplankton, midge larvae, mayfly nymphs, crayfish, threadfin shad, bluegill, ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065008","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., Stewart, A., Saiki, M.K., Marvin-DiPasquale, M.C., Topping, B.R., Rider, K.M., Gallanthine, S.K., Kester, C.A., Rye, R.O., Antweiler, R.C., and De Wild, J.F., 2008, Environmental factors affecting mercury in Camp Far West Reservoir, California, 2001-03: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5008, Report: xii, 95 p.; Appendixes; Tables; Text Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065008.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 95 p.; Appendixes; Tables; Text Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-10-01","temporalEnd":"2003-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12174,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,38.75 ], [ -121.75,39.5 ], [ -120.5,39.5 ], [ -120.5,38.75 ], [ -121.75,38.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602565","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, A. Robin 0000-0003-2918-546X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2918-546X","contributorId":82436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"A. Robin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saiki, Michael K.","contributorId":54671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark C. 0000-0002-8186-9167 mmarvin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-9167","contributorId":1485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"Mark","email":"mmarvin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Topping, Brent R. 0000-0002-7887-4221 btopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-4221","contributorId":1484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"Brent","email":"btopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rider, Kelly M.","contributorId":58900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rider","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gallanthine, Steven K.","contributorId":21425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallanthine","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kester, Cynthia A.","contributorId":44425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kester","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rye, Robert O. rrye@usgs.gov","contributorId":1486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"Robert","email":"rrye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"De Wild, John F.","contributorId":31800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Wild","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":97191,"text":"sir20085187 - 2008 - Sediment Quality and Comparison to Historical Water Quality, Little Arkansas River Basin, South-Central Kansas, 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"sir20085187","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5187","title":"Sediment Quality and Comparison to Historical Water Quality, Little Arkansas River Basin, South-Central Kansas, 2007","docAbstract":"The spatial and temporal variability in streambed-sediment quality and its relation to historical water quality was assessed to provide guidance for the development of total maximum daily loads and the implementation of best-management practices in the Little Arkansas River Basin, south-central Kansas. Streambed-sediment samples were collected at 26 sites in 2007, sieved to isolate the less than 63-micron fraction (that is, the silt and clay), and analyzed for selected nutrients (total nitrogen and total phosphorus), organic and total carbon, 25 trace elements, and the radionuclides beryllium-7, cesium-137, lead-210, and radium-226. At eight sites, streambed-sediment samples also were collected and analyzed for bacteria. \r\n\r\nParticulate nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic carbon concentrations in the streambed sediment varied substantially spatially and temporally, and positive correlations among the three constituents were statistically significant. Along the main-stem Little Arkansas River, streambed-sediment concentrations of particulate nitrogen and phosphorus generally were larger at and downstream from Alta Mills, Kansas. The largest particulate nitrogen concentrations were measured in samples collected in the Emma Creek subbasin and may be related to livestock and poultry production. The largest particulate phosphorus concentrations in the basin were measured in samples collected along the main-stem Little Arkansas River downstream from Alta Mills, Kansas. Particulate nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic carbon content in the water and streambed-sediment samples typically decreased as streamflow increased. This inverse relation may be caused by an increased contribution of sediment from channel-bank sources during high flows and (or) increased particle sizes transported by the high flows. \r\n\r\nTrace element concentrations in the streambed sediment varied from site to site and typically were less than threshold-effects guidelines for possible adverse biological effects. The largest copper, lead, silver, and zinc concentrations, measured for a sample collected from Sand Creek downstream from Newton, Kansas, likely were related to urban sources of contamination. \r\n\r\nRadionuclide activities and bacterial densities in the streambed sediment varied throughout the basin. Variability in the former may be indicative of subbasin differences in the contribution of sediment from surface-soil and channel-bank sources. Streambed sediment may be useful for reconnaissance purposes to determine sources of particulate nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, and other sediment-associated constituents in the basin. If flow conditions prior to streambed-sediment sampling and during water-quality sampling are considered, it may be possible to use streambed sediment as an indicator of water quality for nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic carbon. Flow conditions affect sediment-associated constituent concentrations in streambed-sediment and water samples, in part, because the sources of sediment (surface soils, channel banks) can vary with flow as can the size of the particles transported.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085187","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., and Rasmussen, P.P., 2008, Sediment Quality and Comparison to Historical Water Quality, Little Arkansas River Basin, South-Central Kansas, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5187, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085187.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12192,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5187/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.25,37.666666666666664 ], [ -98.25,38.666666666666664 ], [ -97.16666666666667,38.666666666666664 ], [ -97.16666666666667,37.666666666666664 ], [ -98.25,37.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc1c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juracek, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2102-8980 kjuracek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":2022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"Kyle","email":"kjuracek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Patrick P. 0000-0002-3287-6010 pras@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-6010","contributorId":3530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Patrick","email":"pras@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97164,"text":"sir20085150 - 2008 - Evaluation of four structural best management practices for highway runoff in Beaufort and Colleton Counties, South Carolina, 2005–2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T21:47:13.175524","indexId":"sir20085150","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5150","title":"Evaluation of four structural best management practices for highway runoff in Beaufort and Colleton Counties, South Carolina, 2005–2006","docAbstract":"<p>From 2005 to 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey worked cooperatively with the South Carolina Department of Transportation in Beaufort and Colleton Counties, South Carolina, to assess the performance of four different structural devices that served as best management practices (BMPs). These structural devices were installed to mitigate the effects of stormwater runoff on waterways near State roads. The South Carolina Department of Transportation is required to address the quality of stormwater runoff from State-maintained roadways as part of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System stormwater program mandated in the Clean Water Act.</p><p>The performance assessment of the four structural best management practices was based on stormflow measurements and chemical analyses of stormwater-quality samples collected during a 20-month period from March 2005 through October 2006, which represented a range of seasons and rainfall intensities. A total of 49 sample sets that included stormwater from the inlet and outlet of each of the four structural devices were collected as flow-weighted composites to provide event-mean concentrations of suspended sediment, nutrients, and trace metals. In addition, each set included grab samples that were collected to provide the first flush concentrations of oil and grease and fecal-indicator bacteria.</p><p>A tiered statistical approach was used in the data analysis. Performances of the four structural BMPs were assessed individually based on how well the BMPs were able to reduce the selected constituents. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank tests were applied to event-mean concentrations and loads in the water entering the inlet and in the water leaving the outlet of each BMP for each constituent to identify if significant reductions occurred. If significant reductions occurred, the BMP was considered efficient at reducing the constituent. To quantify efficiency, a simplistic approach was applied to compute mean and geometric mean efficiency ratios for the significantly reduced constituents in each BMP. Each BMP performance was ranked based on its computed efficiency ratios, however, the computed efficiency ratios were not sufficient to determine if statistical differences occurred among the performances of the four BMPs. Consequently, a more complex approach was used to apply statistical comparison tests to reduction percentages computed for individual storms (a modified removal efficiency of individual storm-load approach) to determine if differences in event-mean concentrations, loads, and reduction percentages for significantly reduced constituents occurred among the four structural BMPs.</p><p>Overall, the four BMPs were efficient in reducing suspended-sediment event-mean concentrations and loads in the stormwater entering the inlets of the BMPs to significantly lower event-mean concentrations before discharging the stormwater from the outlets. The cumulative suspended-sediment event-mean load in stormwater entering the BMPs from the storms sampled during the data-collection period was 1,026 kilograms (1.13 tons). The BMPs removed a cumulative suspended-sediment load of 558 kilograms (0.62 ton). The BMPs tended to preferentially trap the sand-size fraction of the sediment, thereby releasing a greater percentage of fine-grained (silt and clay) sediment in the water discharging from the outlet. The preferential trapping of fine-grained sediment by the BMPs could explain, at least in part, why the BMPs were not successful at significantly reducing these constituents.</p><p>In general, the four BMPs were not successful at significantly reducing fecal bacteria, nutrients, and total organic carbon (including associated properties of biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand). Three of the four BMPs significantly lowered oil and grease concentrations before the stormwater discharged from the outlet. Additionally, only one BMP was effective at reducing all total and particulate trace-metal event-mean concentrations and particulate trace-metal event-mean loads in stormwater entering the inlet. With respect to trace-metal event-mean concentrations, however, minimal or no improvement in outlet water quality was observed for the four BMPs, and the majority of the outlet concentrations were above the established acute and chronic aquatic-life criteria by the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control.</p><p>No statistical differences among the removal-efficiency of the four BMPs were determined for suspended-sediment event-mean concentrations, total suspended solids event-mean concentrations, or oil and grease concentrations. These statistical findings indicated that differences among the mean efficiency ratios were not significant among the BMPs for these properties. Additionally, one BMP generally had statistically greater removal efficiency for total and particulate cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc than one or more of the other three BMPs.</p><p>Statistical correlation tests were unable to identify a single major factor that would explain the high variability in inlet and outlet water concentrations and in removal efficiencies estimated by reduction percentage. Highly variable inlet and outlet concentrations for each BMP that produced highly variable reduction percentages were probably the result of multiple interacting factors, particularly rainfall intensity, the amount of rainfall between sampling events, traffic density, and the period of time since the last maintenance (clean out) of the BMP.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085150","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Conlon, K.J., and Journey, C.A., 2008, Evaluation of four structural best management practices for highway runoff in Beaufort and Colleton Counties, South Carolina, 2005–2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5150, xiv, 122 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085150.","productDescription":"xiv, 122 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198211,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414588,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_96516.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12150,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5150/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Beaufort County, Colleton County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.6417,\n              32.4167\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6417,\n              32.7811\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.7811,\n              32.7811\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.7811,\n              32.4167\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6417,\n              32.4167\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conlon, Kevin J. 0000-0003-0798-368X kjconlon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-368X","contributorId":2561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"Kevin","email":"kjconlon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97135,"text":"ofr20081358 - 2008 - Analytical Results for Municipal Biosolids Samples from a Monitoring Program near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.), 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:48","indexId":"ofr20081358","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1358","title":"Analytical Results for Municipal Biosolids Samples from a Monitoring Program near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.), 2007","docAbstract":"Since late 1993, the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District of Denver (Metro District), a large wastewater treatment plant in Denver, Colorado, has applied Grade I, Class B biosolids to about 52,000 acres of nonirrigated farmland and rangeland near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.). In cooperation with the Metro District in 1993, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began monitoring ground water at part of this site. In 1999, the USGS began a more comprehensive monitoring study of the entire site to address stakeholder concerns about the potential chemical effects of biosolids applications to water, soil, and vegetation. This more comprehensive monitoring program recently has been extended through 2010. Monitoring components of the more comprehensive study include biosolids collected at the wastewater treatment plant, soil, crops, dust, alluvial and bedrock ground water, and streambed sediment. Streams at the site are dry most of the year, so samples of streambed sediment deposited after rain were used to indicate surface-water effects. This report will present only analytical results for the biosolids samples collected at the Metro District wastewater treatment plant in Denver and analyzed during 2007. We have presented earlier a compilation of analytical results for the biosolids samples collected and analyzed for 1999 through 2006. More information about the other monitoring components is presented elsewhere in the literature. Priority parameters for biosolids identified by the stakeholders and also regulated by Colorado when used as an agricultural soil amendment include the total concentrations of nine trace elements (arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, and zinc), plutonium isotopes, and gross alpha and beta activity. Nitrogen and chromium also were priority parameters for ground water and sediment components.\r\n\r\nIn general, the objective of each component of the study was to determine whether concentrations of priority parameters (1) were higher than regulatory limits, (2) were increasing with time, or (3) were significantly higher in biosolids-applied areas than in a similar farmed area where biosolids were not applied.\r\n\r\nPrevious analytical results indicate that the elemental composition of the biosolids from the Denver plant was consistent during 1999-2006 and this consistency continues with the samples for 2007; total concentrations of regulated trace elements remained consistently lower than the regulatory limits for the entire monitoring period.\r\n\r\nOur previously reported data (1999-2006) and data presented in this report were used to compile an inorganic-chemical biosolids signature that can be contrasted with the geochemical signature for this site. The biosolids signature and an understanding of the geology and hydrology of the site can be used to separate biosolids effects from natural geochemical effects. Elements of particular interest for a biosolids signature include bismuth, copper, silver, mercury, phosphorus, and silver.\r\n\r\nAn alternative method of digestion of biosolids was also recently investigated, and the results are presented in this report. A microwave digestion using only nitric acid at controlled elevated temperature and pressure was tested to replace the much more time-consuming and labor-intensive, traditional four-acid, hotplate method for the preparation of solutions to be analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Elements of concern determined by ICP-MS following digestion include cadmium, copper, lead, molybdenum, nickel, and zinc. The microwave 'digestion' proved to be a strong acid leach, and it was less efficient at digesting the biosolids samples with consistently lower recoveries (compared to the four-acid digestion value) for most elements, but especially for the elements of concern - copper, nickel, and zinc. Other elements traditionally associated with the silicate or oxide minerals demonstrated low recoveries, especially titaniu","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081358","usgsCitation":"Crock, J., Smith, D.B., Yager, T.J., Berry, C., and Adams, M.G., 2008, Analytical Results for Municipal Biosolids Samples from a Monitoring Program near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.), 2007 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1358, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081358.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":213,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12118,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1358/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104,39.3675 ], [ -104,39.73444444444444 ], [ -103.7,39.73444444444444 ], [ -103.7,39.3675 ], [ -104,39.3675 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eb63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crock, J.G.","contributorId":58236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. B. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":12840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yager, T. J. B.","contributorId":77256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berry, C. J.","contributorId":52680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, M. G.","contributorId":84812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":97038,"text":"cir1328 - 2008 - Understanding contaminants associated with mineral deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-04T17:24:42.241059","indexId":"cir1328","displayToPublicDate":"2008-10-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1328","title":"Understanding contaminants associated with mineral deposits","docAbstract":"<p>Interdisciplinary studies by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have resulted in substantial progress in understanding the processes that control</p><ul><li>the release of metals and acidic water from inactive mines and mineralized areas,</li><li>the transport of metals and acidic water to streams, and</li><li>the fate and effect of metals and acidity on downstream ecosystems.</li></ul><p>The potential environmental effects associated with abandoned and inactive mines, resulting from the complex interaction of a variety of chemical and physical processes, is an area of study that is important to the USGS Mineral Resources Program. Understanding the processes contributing to the environmental effects of abandoned and inactive mines is also of interest to a wide range of stakeholders, including both those responsible for managing lands with historically mined areas and those responsible for anticipating environmental consequences of future mining operations. The recently completed (2007) USGS project entitled 'Process Studies of Contaminants Associated with Mineral Deposits' focused on abandoned and inactive mines and mineralized areas in the Rocky Mountains of Montana, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Arizona, where there are thousands of abandoned mines.</p><p>Results from these studies provide new information that advances our understanding of the physical and biogeochemical processes causing the mobilization, transport, reaction, and fate of potentially toxic elements (including aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and zinc) in mineralized near-surface systems and their effects on aquatic and riparian habitat. These interdisciplinary studies provide the basis for scientific decisionmaking and remedial action by local, State, and Federal agencies charged with minimizing the effects of potentially toxic elements on the environment.</p><p>Current (2007) USGS research highlights the need to understand (1) the geologic sources of metals and acidity and the geochemical reactions that release them from their sources, (2) the pathways that facilitate transport from those sources, and (3) the processes that control the fate of the elements once released from the sources. Experts in the fields of economic geology, structural geology, mineralogy, geophysics, geochemistry, hydrology, ground-water modeling, microbiology, and toxicology came together for a series of studies that address these relationships on scales ranging from the microscopic to the watershed. This Circular presents results and highlights from the detailed, interdisciplinary studies that include investigations in both mining-affected areas and mineralized but unmined areas. The first section of the Circular describes laboratory and site-scale field investigations that primarily focus on mineralogic and biologic controls on the source and release of metals and acidity from mine-waste rock and hydrothermally altered areas. The second section describes a set of basin- to watershed-scale studies that not only investigate the source and release of metals and acidity but also the transport of these constituents away from the source areas. The third section is a summary of results from postremediation ecosystem monitoring. For more information on these and other project-related studies, please visit the project Web site at http://minerals.cr.usgs.gov/projects/contaminants/index.html. The Web site includes a complete bibliography and detailed descriptions of each interdisciplinary study.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1328","usgsCitation":"Verplanck, P.L., 2008, Understanding contaminants associated with mineral deposits (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1328, iv, 95 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1328.","productDescription":"iv, 95 p.","costCenters":[{"id":169,"text":"Central Mineral Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12008,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1328/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":402875,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_85043.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48eee4b07f02db557852","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":300862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":86667,"text":"ds378 - 2008 - Selected Water- and Sediment-Quality, Aquatic Biology, and Mine-Waste Data from the Ely Copper Mine Superfund Site, Vershire, VT, 1998-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T10:47:47","indexId":"ds378","displayToPublicDate":"2008-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"378","title":"Selected Water- and Sediment-Quality, Aquatic Biology, and Mine-Waste Data from the Ely Copper Mine Superfund Site, Vershire, VT, 1998-2007","docAbstract":"The data contained in this report are a compilation of selected water- and sediment-quality, aquatic biology, and mine-waste data collected at the Ely Copper Mine Superfund site in Vershire, VT, from August 1998 through May 2007. The Ely Copper Mine Superfund site is in eastern, central Vermont (fig. 1) within the Vermont Copper Belt (Hammarstrom and others, 2001). The Ely Copper Mine site was placed on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Priorities List in 2001. Previous investigations conducted at the site documented that the mine is contributing metals and highly acidic waters to local streams (Hammarstrom and others, 2001; Holmes and others, 2002; Piatak and others, 2003, 2004, and 2006). The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the USEPA, compiled selected data from previous investigations into uniform datasets that will be used to help characterize the extent of contamination at the mine. The data may be used to determine the magnitude of biological impacts from the contamination and in the development of remediation activities. \r\n\r\nThis report contains analytical data for samples collected from 98 stream locations, 6 pond locations, 21 surface-water seeps, and 29 mine-waste locations. The 98 stream locations are within 3 streams and their tributaries. Ely Brook flows directly through the Ely Copper Mine then into Schoolhouse Brook (fig. 2), which joins the Ompompanoosuc River (fig. 1). The six pond locations are along Ely Brook Tributary 2 (fig. 2). The surface-water seeps and mine-waste locations are near the headwaters of Ely Brook (fig. 2 and fig. 3). The datasets 'Site_Directory' and 'Coordinates' contain specific information about each of the sample locations including stream name, number of meters from the mouth of stream, geographic coordinates, types of samples collected (matrix of sample), and the figure on which the sample location is depicted. \r\n\r\nData have been collected at the Ely Copper Mine Superfund site by the USEPA, the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (VTDEC), and the USGS. Data also have been collected on behalf of USEPA by the following agencies: Arthur D. Little Incorporated (ADL), U.S. Army Cold Region Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), URS Corporation (URS), USEPA, and USGS. These data provide information about the aquatic communities and their habitats, including chemical analyses of surface water, pore water, sediments, and fish tissue; assessments of macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages; physical characteristics of sediments; and chemical analyses of soil and soil leachate collected in and around the piles of mine waste.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds378","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Argue, D.M., Kiah, R.G., Piatak, N., Seal, R., Hammarstrom, J.M., Hathaway, E., and Coles, J.F., 2008, Selected Water- and Sediment-Quality, Aquatic Biology, and Mine-Waste Data from the Ely Copper Mine Superfund Site, Vershire, VT, 1998-2007: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 378, Available online only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds378.","productDescription":"Available online only","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1998-08-01","temporalEnd":"2007-05-31","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11878,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/378/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.33333333333333,43.78333333333333 ], [ -72.33333333333333,43.95 ], [ -72.16666666666667,43.95 ], [ -72.16666666666667,43.78333333333333 ], [ -72.33333333333333,43.78333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4cb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Argue, Denise M. 0000-0002-1096-5362 dmargue@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-5362","contributorId":2636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Argue","given":"Denise","email":"dmargue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kiah, Richard G. 0000-0001-6236-2507 rkiah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6236-2507","contributorId":2637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiah","given":"Richard","email":"rkiah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatak, Nadine M.","contributorId":23621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"Nadine M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane M. 0000-0003-2742-3460 jhammars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460","contributorId":1226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","email":"jhammars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hathaway, Edward","contributorId":63495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coles, James F. 0000-0002-1953-012X jcoles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-012X","contributorId":2239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"James","email":"jcoles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":86666,"text":"ofr20081321 - 2008 - Preliminary model of porphyry copper deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-19T10:15:27","indexId":"ofr20081321","displayToPublicDate":"2008-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1321","title":"Preliminary model of porphyry copper deposits","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Program develops mineral-deposit models for application in USGS mineral-resource assessments and other mineral resource-related activities within the USGS as well as for nongovernmental applications. Periodic updates of models are published in order to incorporate new concepts and findings on the occurrence, nature, and origin of specific mineral deposit types. This update is a preliminary model of porphyry copper deposits that begins an update process of porphyry copper models published in USGS Bulletin 1693 in 1986. This update includes a greater variety of deposit attributes than were included in the 1986 model as well as more information about each attribute. It also includes an expanded discussion of geophysical and remote sensing attributes and tools useful in resource evaluations, a summary of current theoretical concepts of porphyry copper deposit genesis, and a summary of the environmental attributes of unmined and mined deposits.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081321","usgsCitation":"Berger, B.R., Ayuso, R.A., Wynn, J.C., and Seal, R., 2008, Preliminary model of porphyry copper deposits (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1321, iv, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081321.","productDescription":"iv, 55 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11877,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1321/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":358555,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1321/pdf/OF081321_508.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e574","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, Byron R. bberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Byron","email":"bberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wynn, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":81081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":86260,"text":"sir20085162 - 2008 - Hydrologic and Water-Quality Responses in Shallow Ground Water Receiving Stormwater Runoff and Potential Transport of Contaminants to Lake Tahoe, California and Nevada, 2005-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"sir20085162","displayToPublicDate":"2008-10-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5162","title":"Hydrologic and Water-Quality Responses in Shallow Ground Water Receiving Stormwater Runoff and Potential Transport of Contaminants to Lake Tahoe, California and Nevada, 2005-07","docAbstract":"Clarity of Lake Tahoe, California and Nevada has been decreasing due to inflows of sediment and nutrients associated with stormwater runoff. Detention basins are considered effective best management practices for mitigation of suspended sediment and nutrients associated with runoff, but effects of infiltrated stormwater on shallow ground water are not known. This report documents 2005-07 hydrogeologic conditions in a shallow aquifer and associated interactions between a stormwater-control system with nearby Lake Tahoe. Selected chemical qualities of stormwater, bottom sediment from a stormwater detention basin, ground water, and nearshore lake and interstitial water are characterized and coupled with results of a three-dimensional, finite-difference, mathematical model to evaluate responses of ground-water flow to stormwater-runoff accumulation in the stormwater-control system.\r\n\r\nThe results of the ground-water flow model indicate mean ground-water discharge of 256 acre feet per year, contributing 27 pounds of phosphorus and 765 pounds of nitrogen to Lake Tahoe within the modeled area. Only 0.24 percent of this volume and nutrient load is attributed to stormwater infiltration from the detention basin.\r\n\r\nSettling of suspended nutrients and sediment, biological assimilation of dissolved nutrients, and sorption and detention of chemicals of potential concern in bottom sediment are the primary stormwater treatments achieved by the detention basins. Mean concentrations of unfiltered nitrogen and phosphorus in inflow stormwater samples compared to outflow samples show that 55 percent of nitrogen and 47 percent of phosphorus are trapped by the detention basin. Organic carbon, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, phosphorus, and zinc in the uppermost 0.2 foot of bottom sediment from the detention basin were all at least twice as concentrated compared to sediment collected from 1.5 feet deeper. Similarly, concentrations of 28 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds were all less than laboratory reporting limits in the deeper sediment sample, but 15 compounds were detected in the uppermost 0.2 foot of sediment. Published concentrations determined to affect benthic aquatic life also were exceeded for copper, zinc, benz[a]anthracene, phenanthrene, and pyrene in the shallow sediment sample.\r\n\r\nIsotopic composition of water (oxygen 18/16 and hydrogen 2/1 ratios) for samples of shallow ground water, lakewater, and interstitial water from Lake Tahoe indicate the lake was well mixed with a slight ground-water signature in samples collected near the lakebed. One interstitial sample from 0.8 foot beneath the lakebed was nearly all ground water and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were comparable to concentrations in shallow ground-water samples. However, ammonium represented 65 percent of filtered nitrogen in this interstitial sample, but only 10 percent of the average nitrogen in ground-water samples. Nitrate was less than reporting limits in interstitial water, compared with mean nitrate concentration of 750 micrograms per liter in ground-water samples, indicating either active dissimilative nitrate reduction to ammonium by micro-organisms or hydrolysis of organic nitrogen to ammonium with concomitant nitrate reduction. The other interstitial sample falls along a mixing line between ground water and lake water and most of the nitrogen was organic nitrogen.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085162","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Green, J.M., Thodal, C.E., and Welborn, T.L., 2008, Hydrologic and Water-Quality Responses in Shallow Ground Water Receiving Stormwater Runoff and Potential Transport of Contaminants to Lake Tahoe, California and Nevada, 2005-07 (Version 1.1, Revised Dec 2008): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5162, Report: vi, 65 p.; Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085162.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 65 p.; Appendixes","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11842,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5162/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.08333333333333,38.833333333333336 ], [ -120.08333333333333,39 ], [ -119.83333333333333,39 ], [ -119.83333333333333,38.833333333333336 ], [ -120.08333333333333,38.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.1, Revised Dec 2008","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, Jena M.","contributorId":77597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Jena","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thodal, Carl E. 0000-0003-0782-3280 cethodal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0782-3280","contributorId":2292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thodal","given":"Carl","email":"cethodal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Welborn, Toby L. 0000-0003-4839-2405 tlwelbor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4839-2405","contributorId":2295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welborn","given":"Toby","email":"tlwelbor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":86253,"text":"sir20085168 - 2008 - Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho: Insights gained From limnological studies of 1991-92 and 2004-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T18:49:59.863372","indexId":"sir20085168","displayToPublicDate":"2008-09-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5168","title":"Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho: Insights gained From limnological studies of 1991-92 and 2004-06","docAbstract":"<p class=\"indent\">More than 100 years of mining and processing of metal-rich ores in northern Idaho’s Coeur d’Alene River basin have resulted in widespread metal contamination of the basin’s soil, sediment, water, and biota, including Coeur d’Alene Lake. Previous studies reported that about 85 percent of the bottom of Coeur d’Alene Lake is substantially enriched in antimony, arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, silver, and zinc. Nutrients in the lake also are a major concern because they can change the lake’s trophic status—or level of biological productivity—which could result in secondary releases of metals from contaminated lakebed sediments. This report presents insights into the limnological functioning of Coeur&nbsp;d’Alene Lake based on information gathered during two large-scale limnological studies conducted during calendar years 1991–92 and water years 2004–06.</p><p class=\"indent\">Both limnological studies reported that longitudinal gradients exist from north to south for decreasing water column transparency, loss of dissolved oxygen, and increasing total phosphorus concentrations. Gradients also exist for total lead, total zinc, and hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen concentrations, ranging from high concentrations in the central part of the lake to lower concentrations at the northern and southern ends of the lake. In the southern end of the lake, seasonal anoxia serves as a mechanism to release dissolved constituents such as phosphorus, nitrogen, iron, and manganese from lakebed sediments and from detrital material within the water column.</p><p class=\"indent\">Nonparametric statistical hypothesis tests at a significance level of α=0.05 were used to compare analyte concentrations among stations, between lake zones, and between study periods. The highest dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured in winter in association with minimum water temperatures, and the lowest concentrations were measured in the Coeur d’Alene Lake hypolimnion during late summer or autumn as prolonged thermal stratification restricted mixing of the oxygenated upper water column and the hypolimnion, where oxygen was consumed. Large differences in median concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen were measured between the euphotic zone and hypolimnion in the deep areas of the lake. These differences in nitrogen concentrations were attributable to several limnological processes, including seasonal inflow plume routing, isolation from wind-driven circulation and associated hypolimnetic enrichment, phytoplanktonic assimilation during summer months, and benthic flux.</p><p class=\"indent\">Increased chlorophyll-<i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and total phosphorus concentrations were measured throughout the lake in the 2004–06 study compared with results from the 1991–92 study. No significant change in hypolimnetic dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration throughout the lake was noted even though total nitrogen loads into the lake decreased between study periods. Total zinc and total lead decreased throughout the lake from the 1991-92 study to the 2004-06 study except in the southern part of the lake, where concentrations were typically low. Median detected nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios decreased from the 1991–92 study to the 2004–06 study. Whereas the lake was clearly phosphorus-limited in 1991–92, in 2004–06 the lake may have been much closer to the boundary value of 7.2 that separates nitrogen from phosphorus limitation. However, due to changes in analytical reporting limits in the period between the two studies, the data are insufficiently certain to draw reliable conclusions with regard to limiting nutrients. For both studies, the trophic state of the lake was classified as oligotrophic (less productive) or mesotrophic (moderately productive), depending on the constituent used for classification.</p><p class=\"indent\">Internal circulation from wind-generated waves and changes in the lake’s thermocline are important processes for distribution of water-quality constituents throughout Coeur d’Alene Lake. Surficial distribution of trace metals throughout most of the lake, including bays, is relatively uniform. Even south of the Coeur d’Alene River mouth, lakebed sediments are contaminated with trace metals. Inflow plume routing of the two primary inflow sources, the Coeur d’Alene and St. Joe Rivers, also significantly affects the fate and transport of contaminants. Most riverine inflows appear to move through the lake as overflow during summer, interflow during spring and autumn, and underflow during winter.</p><p class=\"indent\">Benthic flux is another key transport process for contaminants in Coeur d’Alene Lake. The results of in situ benthic flux chamber experiments indicated movement of dissolved metals, nutrients, and dissolved organic carbon out of the lakebed sediments. However, the lake is an overall sink for these constituents when they are associated with particulate material.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Coeur d'Alene Tribe","usgsCitation":"Wood, M.S., and Beckwith, M.A., 2008, Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho: Insights gained From limnological studies of 1991-92 and 2004-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5168, Report: viii, 41 p.; Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085168.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 41 p.; Appendixes","temporalStart":"1991-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123024,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5168.jpg"},{"id":11835,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5168/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Coeur d'Alene Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117,\n              47.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              47.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.5,\n              47.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.5,\n              47.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              47.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae99a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Molly S. 0000-0002-5184-8306 mswood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-8306","contributorId":788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Molly","email":"mswood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beckwith, Michael A.","contributorId":66670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckwith","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":86234,"text":"sir20085134 - 2008 - Summary and Evaluation of the Quality of Stormwater in Denver, Colorado, October 2001 to October 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:50","indexId":"sir20085134","displayToPublicDate":"2008-09-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5134","title":"Summary and Evaluation of the Quality of Stormwater in Denver, Colorado, October 2001 to October 2005","docAbstract":"Stormwater in the Denver area was sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District, in a network of five monitoring stations - three on the South Platte River and two on tributary streams, beginning in October 2001 and continuing through October 11, 2005. Composite samples of stormwater were analyzed at the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory during water years 2003-2005 and the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District Laboratory during water year 2002 for water-quality properties such as pH, specific conductance, hardness, and residue on evaporation at 105 degrees Celsius; and for constituents such as major ions (calcium, chloride, fluoride, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and sulfate) in 2005, organic carbon and nutrients, including ammonia, nitrite plus nitrate, ammonia plus organic nitrogen, phosphorus, and orthophosphate; and for metals, including total and dissolved phases of copper, lead, manganese, and zinc. Samples analyzed for bacteriological indicators such as Escherichia coli and fecal coliform collected during selected storms also were analyzed at the Metro Wastewater Reclamation Laboratory. Discrete samples collected during selected storms were analyzed at the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory for a suite of water-quality properties and constituents similar to those analyzed in the composite samples but that did not include determinations for total phases of metals.\r\n\r\nStreamflow characteristics associated with 176 composite stormwater samples indicate that most samples were collected from hydrographs classified as falling or event hydrographs and that only a few samples were collected from rising hydrographs. Results from laboratory analyses of the composite samples indicate spatial patterns in which concentrations for some constituents increase with contributing drainage area in the South Platte River and Sand Creek, but no well-defined relation with the amount of urban land cover was identified using data available from the U.S. Geological Survey National Land Cover data.\r\n\r\nResults from 22 discrete samples collected during two storms and used to obtain composited results with various weighting methods indicate that correlation coefficients between time-weighted and volume-weighted concentrations were generally at least 0.65, indicating a strong direct correlation between the two weighting methods for the stations involved in this study. In addition, the central tendency for relative percent differences between the time- and volume-weighting methods typically has an absolute value of about 10 or less, indicating good agreement for these weighting methods for data collected as part of this study.\r\n\r\nComparison of stormwater results to numeric standards for streams developed by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment on the basis of use classifications indicates that, for water-quality properties and constituents other than bacteriological indicators, there were very few exceptions to numeric standards. Bacteriological indicators, however, such as Escherichia coli and fecal coliform consistently exceeded numeric standards in all bacteriological samples.\r\n\r\nAn evaluation of laboratory results from composite samples on the basis of annual means indicates the presence of some simple upward and downward temporal trends in concentrations. In general, for annual means of results for all stations, hardness, ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, most dissolved metals (lead, manganese, and zinc), and all total metals (copper, lead, manganese, and zinc) all indicate annual means that decrease each year, or downward trends. Some trends were indicated only at individual stations in the network rather than at all stations. Ammonia as nitrogen at Union, Denver, and Henderson, orthophosphate at Sand Creek, and nitrite plus nitrate at Denver and Henderson all indicate decreasing annual means, or downward tr","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20085134","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District","usgsCitation":"Bossong, C.R., and Fleming, A.C., 2008, Summary and Evaluation of the Quality of Stormwater in Denver, Colorado, October 2001 to October 2005 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5134, vi, 106 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085134.","productDescription":"vi, 106 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-10-11","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5134.jpg"},{"id":11815,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5134/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.5,39.416666666666664 ], [ -105.5,40.166666666666664 ], [ -104.5,40.166666666666664 ], [ -104.5,39.416666666666664 ], [ -105.5,39.416666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699709","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bossong, Clifford R.","contributorId":83183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bossong","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleming, Andrea C.","contributorId":44630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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