{"pageNumber":"240","pageRowStart":"5975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10462,"records":[{"id":70029858,"text":"70029858 - 2007 - Invasive species and coal bed methane development in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029858","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invasive species and coal bed methane development in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"One of the fastest growing areas of natural gas production is coal bed methane (CBM) due to the large monetary returns and increased demand for energy from consumers. The Powder River Basin, Wyoming is one of the most rapidly expanding areas of CBM development with projections of the establishment of up to 50,000 wells. CBM disturbances may make the native ecosystem more susceptible to invasion by non-native species, but there are few studies that have been conducted on the environmental impacts of this type of resource extraction. To evaluate the potential effects of CBM development on native plant species distribution and patterns of non-native plant invasion, 36 modified Forest Inventory and Analysis plots (each comprised of four 168-m2 subplots) were established in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming. There were 73 168-m2 subplots on control sites; 42 subplots on secondary disturbances; 14 on major surface disturbances; eight on well pads; and seven on sites downslope of CBM wells water discharge points. Native plant species cover ranged from 39.5 ?? 2.7% (mean ?? 1 SE) in the secondary disturbance subplots to 17.7 ?? 7.5% in the pad subplots. Non-native plant species cover ranged from 31.0 ?? 8.4% in the discharge areas to 14.7 ?? 8.9% in the pad subplots. The control subplots had significantly less non-native species richness than the combined disturbance types. The combined disturbance subplots had significantly greater soil salinity than the control sites. These results suggest that CBM development and associated disturbances may facilitate the establishment of non-native plants. Future research and management decisions should consider the accumulative landscape-scale effects of CBM development on preserving native plant diversity. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-006-9321-7","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Bergquist, E., Evangelista, P., Stohlgren, T., and Alley, N., 2007, Invasive species and coal bed methane development in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 128, no. 1-3, p. 381-394, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9321-7.","startPage":"381","endPage":"394","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213092,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9321-7"},{"id":240681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e26e4b0c8380cd63b44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergquist, E.","contributorId":43969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergquist","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evangelista, P.","contributorId":21903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evangelista","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alley, N.","contributorId":86723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029859,"text":"70029859 - 2007 - Numerical dating of a Late Quaternary spit-shoreline complex at the northern end of Silver Lake playa, Mojave Desert, California: A comparison of the applicability of radiocarbon, luminescence, terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide, electron spin resonance, U-series and amino acid racemization methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029859","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical dating of a Late Quaternary spit-shoreline complex at the northern end of Silver Lake playa, Mojave Desert, California: A comparison of the applicability of radiocarbon, luminescence, terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide, electron spin resonance, U-series and amino acid racemization methods","docAbstract":"A Late Quaternary spit-shoreline complex on the northern shore of Pleistocene Lake Mojave of southeastern California, USA was studied with the goal of comparing accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon, luminescence, electron spin resonance (ESR), terrestrial cosmogenic radionuclide (TCN) surface exposure, amino acid racemization (AAR) and U-series dating methods. The pattern of ages obtained by the different methods illustrates the complexity of processes acting in the lakeshore environment and highlights the utility of a multi-method approach. TCN surface exposure ages (mostly ???20-30 ka) record the initial erosion of shoreline benches, whereas radiocarbon ages on shells (determined in this and previous studies) within the spit, supported by AAR data, record its construction at fluctuating lake levels from ???16 to 10 ka. Luminescence ages on spit sediment (???6-7 ka) and ESR ages on spit shells (???4 ka) are anomalously young relative to radiocarbon ages of shells within the same deposits. The significance of the surprisingly young luminescence ages is not clear. The younger ESR ages could be a consequence of post-mortem enrichment of U in the shells. High concentrations of detrital thorium in tufa coating spit gravels inhibited the use of single-sample U-series dating. Detailed comparisons such as this provide one of the few means of assessing the accuracy of Quaternary dating techniques. More such comparisons are needed. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2007.01.001","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Owen, L., Bright, J., Finkel, R., Jaiswal, M., Kaufman, D.S., Mahan, S., Radtke, U., Schneider, J., Sharp, W., Singhvi, A., and Warren, C., 2007, Numerical dating of a Late Quaternary spit-shoreline complex at the northern end of Silver Lake playa, Mojave Desert, California: A comparison of the applicability of radiocarbon, luminescence, terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide, electron spin resonance, U-series and amino acid racemization methods: Quaternary International, v. 166, no. 1, p. 87-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2007.01.001.","startPage":"87","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213093,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2007.01.001"},{"id":240682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"166","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a68ebe4b0c8380cd73a82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Owen, L.A.","contributorId":94836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bright, Jordon","contributorId":63981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bright","given":"Jordon","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":424628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finkel, R.C.","contributorId":79677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkel","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jaiswal, M.K.","contributorId":18183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaiswal","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaufman, D. S.","contributorId":18006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaufman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mahan, S.","contributorId":98894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Radtke, U.","contributorId":9003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radtke","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schneider, J.S.","contributorId":57271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sharp, W.","contributorId":52402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Singhvi, A.K.","contributorId":64435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singhvi","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Warren, C.N.","contributorId":63340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70029860,"text":"70029860 - 2007 - Functional groups in a single pteridosperm species: Variability and circumscription (Pennsylvanian, Nova Scotia, Canada)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029860","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional groups in a single pteridosperm species: Variability and circumscription (Pennsylvanian, Nova Scotia, Canada)","docAbstract":"Multiple foliar specimens of the Late Pennsylvanian fossil pteridosperm [gymnosperm] Alethopteris zeilleri (Ragot) Wagner were collected from one restricted stratigraphical horizon in the Canadian Sydney Coalfield. Variability of functional-group distribution using FTIR technique was studied in compressions, adaxial versus abaxial cuticles, and in unseparated cuticles as a function of maceration time from 48 to 168??h. The results obtained document spectral variability that could be expected within specimens of one species. For example, CH2/CH3 and Al/ox ratios can differ by as much as 20% of the values. Moreover, the experiments performed confirm that by using a previously established maceration protocol, long maceration periods do not bias FTIR spectra in terms of oxygenation overprinting. The inference that this cuticle is robust, under the given diagenetic level, probably reflects a reassuring degree of chemical fidelity of the Pennsylvanian plant to support Carboniferous chemotaxonomic observations. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2006.06.010","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Zodrow, E., and Mastalerz, M., 2007, Functional groups in a single pteridosperm species: Variability and circumscription (Pennsylvanian, Nova Scotia, Canada): International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 70, no. 4, p. 313-324, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2006.06.010.","startPage":"313","endPage":"324","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212656,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2006.06.010"},{"id":240177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1413e4b0c8380cd548c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zodrow, E.L.","contributorId":99328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zodrow","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":78065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029864,"text":"70029864 - 2007 - Soft-sediment deformation produced by tides in a meizoseismic area, Turnagain Arm, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029864","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soft-sediment deformation produced by tides in a meizoseismic area, Turnagain Arm, Alaska","docAbstract":"Turnagain Arm is a semidiurnal hypertidal estuary in southeastern Alaska with a recorded tidal range of 9 m. Contorted bedding and flow rolls preserved in tidal sediments within the estuary have previously been interpreted as resulting from the Mw 9.2 Great Alaskan earthquake of 1964. Horizons of flow rolls between undeformed beds in sediments and rock strata have been used to infer ancient earthquakes in other areas. Although many types of soft-sediment deformation structures can be formed by earthquakes, observations of sedimentation on tidal flats in the inner parts of Turnagain Arm in the summers of 2003 and 2004 show that a wide range of soft-sediment deformation structures, similar to those inferred to have been formed by earthquakes, can form in macrotidal estuaries in the absence of seismic shock. During sedimentation rate measurements in 2004, soft-sediment deformation structures were recorded that formed during one day's tide, either in response to overpressurization of tidal flats during rapid tidal drawdown or by shear stress exerted on the bed by the passage of a 1.8 m tidal bore. Structures consisted of How rolls, dish structures, flames, and small dewatering pipes in a bed 17 cm thick. In the future, if the flow rolls in Turnagain Arm were found in isolated outcrops across an area 11 km in length, in an estuary known to have been influenced by large-magnitude earthquakes, would they be interpreted as seismites? These examples show that caution is needed when using horizons of flow rolls to infer paleoseismicity in estuarine deposits because many of the mechanisms (tidal flux, tidal bores, slumping, flooding) that can cause deformation in rapidly deposited, unconsolidated silts and sands, are orders of magnitude more common than great earthquakes. ?? 2007 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G23209A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Greb, S., and Archer, A., 2007, Soft-sediment deformation produced by tides in a meizoseismic area, Turnagain Arm, Alaska: Geology, v. 35, no. 5, p. 435-438, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23209A.1.","startPage":"435","endPage":"438","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212686,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G23209A.1"},{"id":240211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91d7e4b08c986b319b36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greb, S.F.","contributorId":48294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greb","given":"S.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archer, A.W.","contributorId":8620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archer","given":"A.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029866,"text":"70029866 - 2007 - Mammoth (Mammuthus sp.) excavation on a college campus in Western Illinois, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029866","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mammoth (Mammuthus sp.) excavation on a college campus in Western Illinois, USA","docAbstract":"The discovery of the remains of a mammoth, Mammuthus sp., on the Principia College campus in Elsah, Illinois, has allowed for careful excavation by students over several years. The mammoth is relatively well preserved in late Wisconsin Peoria Silt on the top of the bluffs of the Mississippi River. The mammoth was buried by loess, perhaps as a result of persistent dust storms, approximately 17 500 14C years ago. This age estimate is based on the mammoth's stratigraphic position within the Peoria Silt and is loosely supported by an AMS radiocarbon age on poorly preserved collagen from tooth dentine (???17 810??4300 14C years [CAMS #104172]). Over one hundred bones or bone pieces have been excavated to-date. The skull, containing the tusks and maxillary teeth, is complete and in close proximity to associated postcranial remains, indicating that the mammoth died where it was found. The size and characteristics of skeletal elements have allowed us to determine that this was a mature male of about 41 years of age. Taxonomic attribution-either to Mammuthus primigenius or Mammuthus jeffersonii-is pending, based on the outcome of thorough analysis once the skull with dentition has been prepared from enclosing matrix. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2006.08.001","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Treworgy, J., Saunders, J., and Grimley, D., 2007, Mammoth (Mammuthus sp.) excavation on a college campus in Western Illinois, USA: Quaternary International, v. 169-170, no. SPEC. ISS., p. 24-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2006.08.001.","startPage":"24","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212718,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2006.08.001"},{"id":240246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169-170","issue":"SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4c59e4b0c8380cd69bb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Treworgy, J.D.","contributorId":39145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treworgy","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saunders, J.J.","contributorId":72598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunders","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grimley, D.A.","contributorId":18530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimley","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029873,"text":"70029873 - 2007 - Effects of intraborehole flow on groundwater age distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T19:02:24","indexId":"70029873","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of intraborehole flow on groundwater age distribution","docAbstract":"

Environmental tracers are used to estimate groundwater ages and travel times, but the strongly heterogeneous nature of many subsurface environments can cause mixing between waters of highly disparate ages, adding additional complexity to the age-estimation process. Mixing may be exacerbated by the presence of wells because long open intervals or long screens with openings at multiple depths can transport water and solutes rapidly over a large vertical distance. The effect of intraborehole flow on groundwater age was examined numerically using direct age transport simulation coupled with the Multi-Node Well Package of MODFLOW. Ages in a homogeneous, anisotropic aquifer reached a predevelopment steady state possessing strong depth dependence. A nonpumping multi-node well was then introduced in one of three locations within the system. In all three cases, vertical transport along the well resulted in substantial changes in age distributions within the system. After a pumping well was added near the nonpumping multi-node well, ages were further perturbed by a flow reversal in the nonpumping multi-node well. Results indicated that intraborehole flow can substantially alter groundwater ages, but the effects are highly dependent on local or regional flow conditions and may change with time.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10040-006-0139-8","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Zinn, B., and Konikow, L.F., 2007, Effects of intraborehole flow on groundwater age distribution: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 15, no. 4, p. 633-643, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-006-0139-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"633","endPage":"643","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212809,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-006-0139-8"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0728e4b0c8380cd515ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zinn, B.A.","contributorId":78153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zinn","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029890,"text":"70029890 - 2007 - Probabilistic seismic demand analysis using advanced ground motion intensity measures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70029890","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1434,"text":"Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic seismic demand analysis using advanced ground motion intensity measures","docAbstract":"One of the objectives in performance-based earthquake engineering is to quantify the seismic reliability of a structure at a site. For that purpose, probabilistic seismic demand analysis (PSDA) is used as a tool to estimate the mean annual frequency of exceeding a specified value of a structural demand parameter (e.g. interstorey drift). This paper compares and contrasts the use, in PSDA, of certain advanced scalar versus vector and conventional scalar ground motion intensity measures (IMs). One of the benefits of using a well-chosen IM is that more accurate evaluations of seismic performance are achieved without the need to perform detailed ground motion record selection for the nonlinear dynamic structural analyses involved in PSDA (e.g. record selection with respect to seismic parameters such as earthquake magnitude, source-to-site distance, and ground motion epsilon). For structural demands that are dominated by a first mode of vibration, using inelastic spectral displacement (Sdi) can be advantageous relative to the conventionally used elastic spectral acceleration (Sa) and the vector IM consisting of Sa and epsilon (??). This paper demonstrates that this is true for ordinary and for near-source pulse-like earthquake records. The latter ground motions cannot be adequately characterized by either Sa alone or the vector of Sa and ??. For structural demands with significant higher-mode contributions (under either of the two types of ground motions), even Sdi (alone) is not sufficient, so an advanced scalar IM that additionally incorporates higher modes is used.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/eqe.696","issn":"00988847","usgsCitation":"Tothong, P., and Luco, N., 2007, Probabilistic seismic demand analysis using advanced ground motion intensity measures: Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, v. 36, no. 13, p. 1837-1860, https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.696.","startPage":"1837","endPage":"1860","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213038,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eqe.696"},{"id":240618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8c98e4b0c8380cd7e796","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tothong, P.","contributorId":107503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tothong","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luco, N.","contributorId":34240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029903,"text":"70029903 - 2007 - Prey resources before spawning influence gonadal investment of female, but not male, white crappie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-02T09:26:26","indexId":"70029903","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prey resources before spawning influence gonadal investment of female, but not male, white crappie","docAbstract":"

In this study, an outdoor pool experiment was used to evaluate the effect of prey resources during 4 months before spawning on the gonadal investments of male and female white crappie Pomoxis annularis, a popular freshwater sportfish that exhibits erratic recruitment. Fish were assigned one of three feeding treatments: starved, fed once every 5 days (intermediate) or fed daily (high). All measurements of male testes (i.e. wet mass, energy density and spermatocrit) were similar across treatments. Conversely, high-fed females produced larger ovaries than those of intermediate-fed and starved fish, and invested more energy in their ovaries than starved fish. Compared to pre-experiment fish, starved and intermediate-fed females appeared to increase their ovary size by relying on liver energy stores (‘capital’ spawning). Conversely, high-fed females increased liver and gonad mass, implying an ‘income’-spawning strategy (where gonads are built from recently acquired energy). Fecundity did not differ among treatments, but high-fed fish built larger eggs than those starved. Females rarely ‘skipped’ spawning opportunities when prey resources were low, as only 8% of starved females and 8% of intermediate-fed females lacked vitellogenic eggs. These results suggest that limited prey resources during the months before spawning can limit ovary production, which, in turn, can limit reproductive success of white crappies.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01459.x","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, D., Thomas, S., and Stein, R., 2007, Prey resources before spawning influence gonadal investment of female, but not male, white crappie: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 70, no. 6, p. 1838-1854, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01459.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1838","endPage":"1854","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477120,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/44508","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212748,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01459.x"}],"volume":"70","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b82e4b0c8380cd7e281","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, D.B.","contributorId":8610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, S.E.","contributorId":10622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stein, R.A.","contributorId":43893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029907,"text":"70029907 - 2007 - Temperature and diet effects on omnivorous fish performance: Implications for the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029907","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature and diet effects on omnivorous fish performance: Implications for the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes","docAbstract":"Herbivorous fishes show a clear latitudinal diversity gradient, making up a larger proportion of the fish species in a community in tropical waters than in temperate waters. One proposed mechanism that could drive this gradient is a physiological constraint due to temperature. One prediction based on this mechanism is that if herbivorous fishes could shift their diet to animal material, they would be better able to grow, survive, and reproduce in cold waters. We tested this prediction on the omnivore Girella nigricans under different temperature and diet regimes using RNA-DNA ratios as an indicator of performance. Fish had increased performance (100%) at low temperatures (12??C) when their diet was supplemented with animal material. In contrast, at higher temperatures (17, 22, and 27??C) fish showed no differences between diets. This indicates that omnivorous fishes could increase their performance at low temperatures by consuming more animal matter. This study supports the hypothesis that a relative increase in the nutritional value of plant material at warmer temperatures could drive the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes. ?? 2007 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F07-063","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Behrens, M., and Lafferty, K.D., 2007, Temperature and diet effects on omnivorous fish performance: Implications for the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 64, no. 6, p. 867-873, https://doi.org/10.1139/F07-063.","startPage":"867","endPage":"873","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212811,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F07-063"}],"volume":"64","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4b8e4b08c986b32052a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behrens, M.D.","contributorId":66890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrens","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, K. D.","contributorId":58213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029918,"text":"70029918 - 2007 - Total petroleum system assessment of undiscovered resources in the giant Barnett Shale continuous (unconventional) gas accumulation, Fort Worth Basin, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029918","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Total petroleum system assessment of undiscovered resources in the giant Barnett Shale continuous (unconventional) gas accumulation, Fort Worth Basin, Texas","docAbstract":"Undiscovered natural gas having potential for additions to reserves in the Mississippian Barnett Shale of the Fort Worth Basin, north-central Texas, was assessed using the total petroleum system assessment unit concept and a cell-based methodology for continuous-type (Unconventional) resources. The Barnett-Paleozoic total petroleum system is defined in the Bend arch-Fort Worth Basin as encompassing the area in which the organic-rich Barnett is the primary source rock for oil and gas produced from Paleozoic carbonate and clastic reservoirs. Exploration, technology, and drilling in the Barnett Shale play have rapidly evolved in recent years, with about 3500 vertical and 1000 horizontal wells completed in the Barnett through 2005 and more than 85% of the them completed since 1999. Using framework geology and historical production data, assessment of the Barnett Shale was performed by the U.S. Geological Survey using vertical wells at the peak of vertical well completions and before a transition to completions with horizontal wells. The assessment was performed after (1) mapping critical geological and geochemical parameters to define assessment unit areas with future potential, (2) defining distributions of drainage area (cell size) and estimating ultimate recovery per cell, and (3) estimating future success rates. Two assessment units are defined and assessed for the Barnett Shale continuous gas accumulation, resulting in a total mean undiscovered volume having potential for additions to reserves of 26.2 TCFG. The greater Newark East fracture-barrier continuous Barnett Shale gas assessment unit represents a core-producing area where thick, organic-rich, siliceous Barnett Shale is within the thermal window for gas generation (Ro ??? 1.1%) and is overlain and underlain by impermeable limestone barriers (Pennsylvanian Marble Falls Limestone and Ordovician Viola Limestone, respectively) that serve to confine induced fractures during well completion to maximize gas recovery. The extended continuous Barnett Shale gas assessment unit, which had been less explored, defines a geographic area where Barnett Shale is (1) within the thermal window for gas generation, (2) greater than 100 ft (30 m) thick, and (3) where at least one impermeable limestone barrier is absent. Mean undiscovered gas having potential for additions to reserves in the greater Newark East assessment unit is estimated at 14.6 tcf, and in the less tested extended assessment unit, a mean resource is estimated at 11.6 TCFG. A third hypothetical basin-arch Barnett Shale oil assessment unit was defined but not assessed because of a lack of production data. Copyright ?? 2007. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/06200606007","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Pollastro, R.M., 2007, Total petroleum system assessment of undiscovered resources in the giant Barnett Shale continuous (unconventional) gas accumulation, Fort Worth Basin, Texas: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 91, no. 4, p. 551-578, https://doi.org/10.1306/06200606007.","startPage":"551","endPage":"578","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212955,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/06200606007"},{"id":240526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb594e4b08c986b3267ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollastro, R. M.","contributorId":6809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollastro","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029927,"text":"70029927 - 2007 - Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029927","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range","docAbstract":"Since their introduction to Guam shortly after World War II, brown tree snakes, Boiga irregularis (Merrem), have seriously impacted the biota and human population of the island. Understanding the biology of this exotic species will likely be important to the success of control programs. We compared the reproductive biology of 782 B. irregularis caught on Guam during the 1980s with results from published studies of native-range populations. Average and maximum sizes of mature snakes on Guam were larger than those from Australian populations. The majority of female brown tree snakes matured at snoutvent lengths (SVLs) of 910-1,025 mm, and most males matured at SVLs of 940-1,030 mm. on Guam. Based on growth rates from the early 1990s on Guam, sexual maturity is estimated to occur during a snake's third or fourth year. Only one female (0.3%) in our data set had oviductal eggs. Clutch size was estimated at 4.3 (SD = 2.2), based on large vitellogenic ovarian follicle (???30 mm in length) and oviductal egg counts. Unlike their Australian counterparts, the Guam population reproduced year-round. Our data offer insights into the likely reproductive patterns of brown tree snakes should they infest other islands in the Pacific region. ?? 2007 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00308870","usgsCitation":"Savidge, J.A., Qualls, F., and Rodda, G., 2007, Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range: Pacific Science, v. 61, no. 2, p. 191-199, https://doi.org/10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"191","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213068,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[191:RBOTBT]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8bce4b0c8380cd85a51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qualls, F.J.","contributorId":76551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qualls","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029928,"text":"70029928 - 2007 - Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70029928","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer","docAbstract":"Karst aquifers are uniquely vulnerable to contamination. In the Barton Springs segment of the karstic Edwards aquifer (Texas, U.S.A.), urban contaminants such as pesticides and volatile organic compounds frequently are detected in spring base flow. To determine whether contaminant concentrations change in response to storms, and if they therefore might act as tracers of focused recharge, samples were collected from Barton Springs at closely spaced intervals following three storms. Two herbicides (atrazine and simazine), two insecticides (carbaryl and diazinon), and a solvent (tetrachloroethene) described breakthrough curves over a 1-week period following one or more storms. The breakthrough curves were decomposed into two to five log-normal subcurves, which were interpreted as representing pulses of contaminants moving through the aquifer. Each subcurve could be used in the same way as an artificial tracer to determine travel time to and recovery at the spring. The contaminants have several advantages over artificial tracers: they represent the actual compounds of interest, they are injected essentially simultaneously at several points, and they are injected under those conditions when transport is of the most interest, i.e., following storms. The response of storm discharge, specific conductance, and contaminant loading at the spring depended on initial aquifer flow conditions, which varied from very low (spring discharge of 0.48??m3/s) to high (spring discharge of 2.7??m3/s): concentrations and recovery were the highest when initial aquifer flow conditions were low. This behavior provides information about aquifer structure and the influence of aquifer flow condition on transport properties. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Mahler, B., and Massei, N., 2007, Anthropogenic contaminants as tracers in an urbanizing karst aquifer: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 91, no. 1-2, p. 81-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010.","startPage":"81","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213095,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.010"},{"id":240684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec58e4b0c8380cd491ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahler, B.","contributorId":32737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Massei, N.","contributorId":48347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massei","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029960,"text":"70029960 - 2007 - Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-13T10:32:00","indexId":"70029960","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study","docAbstract":"

Naturally occurring pyrite commonly contains minor substituted metals and metalloids (As, Se, Hg, Cu, Ni, etc.) that can be released to the environment as a result of its weathering. Arsenic, often the most abundant minor constituent in pyrite, is a sensitive monitor of progressive pyrite oxidation in coal. To test the effect of pyrite composition and environmental parameters on the rate and extent of pyrite oxidation in coal, splits of five bituminous coal samples having differing amounts of pyrite and extents of As substitution in the pyrite, were exposed to a range of simulated weathering conditions over a period of 17 months. Samples investigated include a Springfield coal from Indiana (whole coal pyritic S = 2.13 wt.%; As in pyrite = detection limit (d.l.) to 0.06 wt.%), two Pittsburgh coal samples from West Virginia (pyritic S = 1.32–1.58 wt.%; As in pyrite = d.l. to 0.34 wt.%), and two samples from the Warrior Basin, Alabama (pyritic S = 0.26–0.27 wt.%; As in pyrite = d.l. to 2.72 wt.%). Samples were collected from active mine faces, and expected differences in the concentration of As in pyrite were confirmed by electron microprobe analysis. Experimental weathering conditions in test chambers were maintained as follows: (1) dry Ar atmosphere; (2) dry O2 atmosphere; (3) room atmosphere (relative humidity ∼20–60%); and (4) room atmosphere with samples wetted periodically with double-distilled water. Sample splits were removed after one month, nine months, and 17 months to monitor the extent of As and Fe oxidation using As X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, respectively. Arsenic XANES spectroscopy shows progressive oxidation of pyritic As to arsenate, with wetted samples showing the most rapid oxidation. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy also shows a much greater proportion of Fe3+ forms (jarosite, Fe3+ sulfate, FeOOH) for samples stored under wet conditions, but much less difference among samples stored under dry conditions in different atmospheres. The air-wet experiments show evidence of pyrite re-precipitation from soluble ferric sulfates, with As retention in the jarosite phase. Extents of As and Fe oxidation were similar for samples having differing As substitution in pyrite, suggesting that environmental conditions outweigh the composition and amount of pyrite as factors influencing the oxidation rate of Fe sulfides in coal.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kolker, A., and Huggins, F.E., 2007, Progressive oxidation of pyrite in five bituminous coal samples: An As XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 4, p. 778-787, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"778","endPage":"787","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213098,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.10.006"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ee7e4b0c8380cd7f472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huggins, Frank E.","contributorId":81273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggins","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029969,"text":"70029969 - 2007 - Organic petrology and coalbed gas content, Wilcox Group (Paleocene-Eocene), northern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-01T12:48:35","indexId":"70029969","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic petrology and coalbed gas content, Wilcox Group (Paleocene-Eocene), northern Louisiana","docAbstract":"

Wilcox Group (Paleocene–Eocene) coal and carbonaceous shale samples collected from four coalbed methane test wells in northern Louisiana were characterized through an integrated analytical program. Organic petrographic analyses, gas desorption and adsorption isotherm measurements, and proximate–ultimate analyses were conducted to provide insight into conditions of peat deposition and the relationships between coal composition, rank, and coalbed gas storage characteristics. The results of petrographic analyses indicate that woody precursor materials were more abundant in stratigraphically higher coal zones in one of the CBM wells, consistent with progradation of a deltaic depositional system (Holly Springs delta complex) into the Gulf of Mexico during the Paleocene–Eocene. Comparison of petrographic analyses with gas desorption measurements suggests that there is not a direct relationship between coal type (sensu maceral composition) and coalbed gas storage. Moisture, as a function of coal rank (lignite–subbituminous A), exhibits an inverse relationship with measured gas content. This result may be due to higher moisture content competing for adsorption space with coalbed gas in shallower, lower rank samples. Shallower (< 600 m) coal samples consistently are undersaturated with respect to CH4 adsorption isotherms; deeper (> 600 m) coal samples containing less moisture range from under- to oversaturated with respect to their CH4adsorption capacity.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2006.05.009","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., Warwick, P.D., and Breland, F.C., 2007, Organic petrology and coalbed gas content, Wilcox Group (Paleocene-Eocene), northern Louisiana: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 71, no. 1, p. 54-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2006.05.009.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"71","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6fd5e4b0c8380cd75cbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":425120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breland, F. Clayton Jr.","contributorId":43842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breland","given":"F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Clayton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029971,"text":"70029971 - 2007 - Plan curvature and landslide probability in regions dominated by earth flows and earth slides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:09","indexId":"70029971","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plan curvature and landslide probability in regions dominated by earth flows and earth slides","docAbstract":"Damaging landslides in the Appalachian Plateau and scattered regions within the Midcontinent of North America highlight the need for landslide-hazard mapping and a better understanding of the geomorphic development of landslide terrains. The Plateau and Midcontinent have the necessary ingredients for landslides including sufficient relief, steep slope gradients, Pennsylvanian and Permian cyclothems that weather into fine-grained soils containing considerable clay, and adequate precipitation. One commonly used parameter in landslide-hazard analysis that is in need of further investigation is plan curvature. Plan curvature is the curvature of the hillside in a horizontal plane or the curvature of the contours on a topographic map. Hillsides can be subdivided into regions of concave outward plan curvature called hollows, convex outward plan curvature called noses, and straight contours called planar regions. Statistical analysis of plan-curvature and landslide datasets indicate that hillsides with planar plan curvature have the highest probability for landslides in regions dominated by earth flows and earth slides in clayey soils (CH and CL). The probability of landslides decreases as the hillsides become more concave or convex. Hollows have a slightly higher probability for landslides than noses. In hollows landslide material converges into the narrow region at the base of the slope. The convergence combined with the cohesive nature of fine-grained soils creates a buttressing effect that slows soil movement and increases the stability of the hillside within the hollow. Statistical approaches that attempt to determine landslide hazard need to account for the complex relationship between plan curvature, type of landslide, and landslide susceptibility. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.01.005","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Ohlmacher, G., 2007, Plan curvature and landslide probability in regions dominated by earth flows and earth slides: Engineering Geology, v. 91, no. 2-4, p. 117-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.01.005.","startPage":"117","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212785,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.01.005"},{"id":240323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b9ce4b0c8380cd79523","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ohlmacher, G.C.","contributorId":63064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlmacher","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029977,"text":"70029977 - 2007 - Advanced technologies demonstrated by the miniature integrated camera and spectrometer (MICAS) aboard deep space 1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:08","indexId":"70029977","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3454,"text":"Space Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advanced technologies demonstrated by the miniature integrated camera and spectrometer (MICAS) aboard deep space 1","docAbstract":"MICAS is an integrated multi-channel instrument that includes an ultraviolet imaging spectrometer (80-185 nm), two high-resolution visible imagers (10-20 ??rad/pixel, 400-900 nm), and a short-wavelength infrared imaging spectrometer (1250-2600 nm). The wavelength ranges were chosen to maximize the science data that could be collected using existing semiconductor technologies and avoiding the need for multi-octave spectrometers. It was flown on DS1 to validate technologies derived from the development of PICS (Planetary Imaging Camera Spectrometer). These technologies provided a novel systems approach enabling the miniaturization and integration of four instruments into one entity, spanning a wavelength range from the UV to IR, and from ambient to cryogenic temperatures with optical performance at a fraction of a wavelength. The specific technologies incorporated were: a built-in fly-by sequence; lightweight and ultra-stable, monolithic silicon-carbide construction, which enabled room-temperature alignment for cryogenic (85-140 K) performance, and provided superb optical performance and immunity to thermal distortion; diffraction-limited, shared optics operating from 80 to 2600 nm; advanced detector technologies for the UV, visible and short-wavelength IR; high-performance thermal radiators coupled directly to the short-wave infrared (SWIR) detector optical bench, providing an instrument with a mass less than 10 kg, instrument power less than 10 W, and total instrument cost of less than ten million dollars. The design allows the wavelength range to be extended by at least an octave at the short wavelength end and to 50 microns at the long wavelength end. Testing of the completed instrument demonstrated excellent optical performance down to 77 K, which would enable a greatly reduced background for longer wavelength detectors. During the Deep Space 1 Mission, MICAS successfully collected images and spectra for asteroid 9969 Braille, Mars, and comet 19/P Borrelly. The Borrelly encounter was a scientific hallmark providing the first clear, high resolution images and excellent, short-wavelength infrared spectra of the surface of an active comet's nucleus. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Space Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11214-007-9155-9","issn":"00386308","usgsCitation":"Rodgers, D., Beauchamp, P., Soderblom, L., Brown, R.H., Chen, G., Lee, M., Sandel, B., Thomas, D., Benoit, R., and Yelle, R., 2007, Advanced technologies demonstrated by the miniature integrated camera and spectrometer (MICAS) aboard deep space 1: Space Science Reviews, v. 129, no. 4, p. 309-326, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-007-9155-9.","startPage":"309","endPage":"326","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212870,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11214-007-9155-9"},{"id":240429,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e702e4b0c8380cd477c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodgers, D.H.","contributorId":83742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodgers","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beauchamp, P.M.","contributorId":49606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, G.-S.","contributorId":20551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"G.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, M.","contributorId":32484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sandel, B.R.","contributorId":105881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandel","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thomas, D.A.","contributorId":22584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Benoit, R.T.","contributorId":15834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benoit","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Yelle, R.V.","contributorId":74523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yelle","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70029980,"text":"70029980 - 2007 - Using a bioenergetic model to assess growth reduction from catch-and-release fishing and hooking injury in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-31T13:43:22","indexId":"70029980","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using a bioenergetic model to assess growth reduction from catch-and-release fishing and hooking injury in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss","docAbstract":"

A bioenergetic model was used to predict the potential effects of feeding cessation caused by catch-and-release capture and a reduction in feeding efficiency from hooking injuries on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), growth in southwest Alaska, USA. Simulations indicated that a 1-day feeding cessation for a rainbow trout captured one to two times during summer months resulted in deviations from expected growth of −3% to −15%. To represent debilitating hooking injuries, the proportion of the maximum feeding potential was decreased by 5–50% resulting in deviations from expected growth of −9% to −164%. Simulated growth effects were most prominent from captures during months when salmon eggs and flesh constituted the majority of the trout diet. Simulated growth effects from reduced foraging efficiency were most prominent when hooking injuries occurred early in the fishing season. These simulations suggest that rainbow trout are most vulnerable to decreases in growth when salmon are abundant and spawning and, coincidentally, during the months when most fishing occurs.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2400.2007.00533.x","issn":"0969997X","usgsCitation":"Meka, J.M., and Margraf, F., 2007, Using a bioenergetic model to assess growth reduction from catch-and-release fishing and hooking injury in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 14, no. 2, p. 131-139, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2007.00533.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"139","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212898,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2007.00533.x"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc023e4b08c986b329f54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meka, Julie M.","contributorId":44713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meka","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Margraf, F.J.","contributorId":47738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margraf","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029981,"text":"70029981 - 2007 - Effect of horseshoe crab spawning density on nest disturbance and exhumation of eggs: A simulation study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T17:25:53.910872","indexId":"70029981","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of horseshoe crab spawning density on nest disturbance and exhumation of eggs: A simulation study","docAbstract":"

Because the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) population is managed to provide for dependent species, such as migratory shorebirds, there is a need to understand the process of egg exhumation and to predict eggs available to foraging shorebirds. A simple spatial model was used to simulate horseshoe crab spawning that would occur on a typical Delaware Bay beach during spring tide cycles to quantify density-dependent nest disturbance. At least 20% of nests and eggs were disturbed for levels of spawning greater than one third of the average density in Delaware Bay during 2004. Nest disturbance increased approximately linearly as spawning density increased from one half to twice the 2004 level. As spawning density increased further, the percentage of eggs that were disturbed reached an asymptote of 70% for densities up to 10 times the density in 2004. Nest disturbance was heaviest in the mid beach zone. Nest disturbance precedes entrainment and begins the process of exhumation of eggs to surface sediments. Model predictions were combined with observations from egg surveys to estimate a snap-shot exhumation rate of 5-9% of disturbed eggs. Because an unknown quantity of eggs were exhumed and removed from the beach prior to the survey, cumulative exhumation rate was likely to have been higher than the snap-shot estimate. Because egg exhumation is density-dependent, in addition to managing for a high population size, identification and conservation of beaches where spawning horseshoe crabs concentrate in high densities (i.e., hot spots) are important steps toward providing a reliable food supply for migratory shorebirds. 

","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/BF02700171","usgsCitation":"Smith, D., 2007, Effect of horseshoe crab spawning density on nest disturbance and exhumation of eggs: A simulation study: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 30, no. 2, p. 287-295, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02700171.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"295","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.35522460937499,\n 38.976492485539396\n ],\n [\n -75.2398681640625,\n 38.852542390364235\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 38.843986129756615\n ],\n [\n -75.0421142578125,\n 39.0831721934762\n ],\n [\n -75.1849365234375,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -75.4156494140625,\n 39.142842478062505\n ],\n [\n -75.35522460937499,\n 38.976492485539396\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05e9e4b0c8380cd5100b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":425168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031068,"text":"70031068 - 2007 - Quantitative PCR detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis DNA from sediments and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T08:26:57","indexId":"70031068","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative PCR detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis DNA from sediments and water","docAbstract":"

The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) causes chytridiomycosis, a disease implicated in amphibian declines on 5 continents. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer sets exist with which amphibians can be tested for this disease, and advances in sampling techniques allow non-invasive testing of animals. We developed filtering and PCR based quantitative methods by modifying existing PCR assays to detect Bd DNA in water and sediments, without the need for testing amphibians; we tested the methods at 4 field sites. The SYBR based assay using Boyle primers (SYBR/Boyle assay) and the Taqman based assay using Wood primers performed similarly with samples generated in the laboratory (Bd spiked filters), but the SYBR/Boyle assay detected Bd DNA in more field samples. We detected Bd DNA in water from 3 of 4 sites tested, including one pond historically negative for chytridiomycosis. Zoospore equivalents in sampled water ranged from 19 to 454 l-1 (nominal detection limit is 10 DNA copies, or about 0.06 zoospore). We did not detect DNA of Bd from sediments collected at any sites. Our filtering and amplification methods provide a new tool to investigate critical aspects of Bd in the environment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao01831","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Kirshtein, J.D., Anderson, C., Wood, J., Longcore, J.E., and Voytek, M.A., 2007, Quantitative PCR detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis DNA from sediments and water: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 77, no. 1, p. 11-15, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao01831.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487663,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao01831","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211484,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao01831"}],"volume":"77","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91f9e4b0c8380cd8059d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirshtein, Julie D.","contributorId":26033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirshtein","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Chauncey W. 0000-0002-1016-3781 chauncey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-3781","contributorId":1151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Chauncey W.","email":"chauncey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, J.S.","contributorId":43974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Longcore, Joyce E.","contributorId":67464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"Joyce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032213,"text":"70032213 - 2007 - Comparative lahar hazard mapping at Volcan Citlaltépetl, Mexico using SRTM, ASTER and DTED-1 digital topographic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-13T09:38:33","indexId":"70032213","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative lahar hazard mapping at Volcan Citlaltépetl, Mexico using SRTM, ASTER and DTED-1 digital topographic data","docAbstract":"

In this study, we evaluated and compared the utility of spaceborne SRTM and ASTER DEMs with baseline DTED-1 “bald-earth” topography for mapping lahar inundation hazards from volcan Citlaltépetl, Mexico, a volcano which has had a history of producing debris flows of various extents. In particular, we tested the utility of these topographic datasets for resolving ancient valley-filling deposits exposed around the flanks of the volcano, for determining their magnitude using paleohydrologic methods and for forecasting their inundation limits in the future. We also use the three datasets as inputs to a GIS stream inundation flow model, LAHARZ, and compare the results.

\n

In general all three datasets, with spatial resolution of 90 m or better, were capable of resolving debris flow and lahar deposits at least 3 × 106 m3 in volume or larger. Canopy- and slope-related height errors in the ASTER and SRTM DEMs limit their utility for measuring valley-filling cross-sectional area and deriving flow magnitude for the smallest deposits using a cross-sectional area to volume scaling equation. Height errors in the ASTER and SRTM DEMs also causes problems in resolving stream valley hydrography which controls lahar flow paths and stream valley morphology which controls lahar filling capacity. However, both of the two spaceborne DEM datasets are better than DTED-1 at resolving fine details in stream hydrography and erosional morphologies of volcaniclastics preserved in the valleys around the more humid, eastern flanks of the volcanic range.

\n

The results of LAHARZ flow inundation modeling using all three DEMs as inputs are remarkably similar and co-validate one another. For example, at Citlaltépetl all lahar simulations show that the city of Orizaba is the most vulnerable to flows similar in magnitude to, or larger than, one that occurred in 1920. Many of the other cities and towns illustrated are built higher up on terrace deposits of older debris flows, and are safe from all but the largest flows, which occur less frequently.

\n

Finally, ASTERs 60 km swath width and 8% duty cycle presents a challenge for mapping lahar inundation hazards at E–W oriented stream valleys in low-latitude areas with persistent cloud cover. However, its continued operations enhances its utility as a means for updating the continuous but one-time coverage of SRTM, and for filling voids in the SRTM dataset such as those that occur along steep-sided valleys prone to hazards from future lahars.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.09.005","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, B.E., Sheridan, M.F., Carrasco-Nunez, G., Diaz-Castellon, R., and Rodriguez, S.R., 2007, Comparative lahar hazard mapping at Volcan Citlaltépetl, Mexico using SRTM, ASTER and DTED-1 digital topographic data: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 160, no. 1-2, p. 99-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.09.005.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"124","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214628,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.09.005"}],"volume":"160","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f81ee4b0c8380cd4cebb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheridan, Michael F.","contributorId":59413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carrasco-Nunez, Gerardo","contributorId":44714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrasco-Nunez","given":"Gerardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diaz-Castellon, Rodolfo","contributorId":37936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz-Castellon","given":"Rodolfo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez, Sergio R.","contributorId":35529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Sergio","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033245,"text":"70033245 - 2007 - Late nineteenth to early twenty-first century behavior of Alaskan glaciers as indicators of changing regional climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033245","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late nineteenth to early twenty-first century behavior of Alaskan glaciers as indicators of changing regional climate","docAbstract":"Alaska's climate is changing and one of the most significant indications of this change has been the late 19th to early 21st century behavior of Alaskan glaciers. Weather station temperature data document that air temperatures throughout Alaska have been increasing for many decades. Since the mid-20th century, the average change is an increase of ?????2.0????C. In order to determine the magnitude and pattern of response of glaciers to this regional climate change, a comprehensive analysis was made of the recent behavior of hundreds of glaciers located in the eleven Alaskan mountain ranges and three island areas that currently support glaciers. Data analyzed included maps, historical observations, thousands of ground-and-aerial photographs and satellite images, and vegetation proxy data. Results were synthesized to determine changes in length and area of individual glaciers. Alaskan ground photography dates from 1883, aerial photography dates from 1926, and satellite photography and imagery dates from the early 1960s. Unfortunately, very few Alaskan glaciers have any mass balance observations. In most areas analyzed, every glacier that descends below an elevation of ?????1500??m is currently thinning and/or retreating. Many glaciers have an uninterrupted history of continuous post-Little-Ice-Age retreat that spans more than 250??years. Others are characterized by multiple late 19th to early 21st century fluctuations. Today, retreating and/or thinning glaciers represent more than 98% of the glaciers examined. However, in the Coast Mountains, St. Elias Mountains, Chugach Mountains, and the Aleutian Range more than a dozen glaciers are currently advancing and thickening. Many currently advancing glaciers are or were formerly tidewater glaciers. Some of these glaciers have been expanding for more than two centuries. This presentation documents the post-Little-Ice-Age behavior and variability of the response of many Alaskan glaciers to changing regional climate. ?? 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.07.011","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Molnia, B.F., 2007, Late nineteenth to early twenty-first century behavior of Alaskan glaciers as indicators of changing regional climate: Global and Planetary Change, v. 56, no. 1-2, p. 23-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.07.011.","startPage":"23","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213500,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.07.011"},{"id":241129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a454de4b0c8380cd671d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molnia, B. F.","contributorId":29386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molnia","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031052,"text":"70031052 - 2007 - A condensed middle Cenomanian succession in the Dakota Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous), Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-12T09:48:20","indexId":"70031052","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2860,"text":"New Mexico Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A condensed middle Cenomanian succession in the Dakota Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous), Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"

The upper part of the Dakota Sandstone exposed on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, northern Socorro County, New Mexico, is a condensed, Upper Cretaceous, marine succession spanning the first five middle Cenomanian ammonite zones of the U.S. Western Interior. Farther north in New Mexico these five ammonite zones occur over a stratigraphic interval more than an order of magnitude thicker. The basal part of this marine sequence was deposited in Seboyeta Bay, an elongate east-west embayment into New Mexico that marked the initial transgression of the western shoreline of the Late Cretaceous seaway into New Mexico.

The primary mechanism for condensing this section was nearshore, submarine erosion, although nondeposition played a minor role. The ammonite fossils from each zone are generally fragments of internal molds that are corroded on one side, indicating submarine burial, erosion of the prefossilized steinkern, and corrosion on the sea floor. In addition, the base of the condensed succession is marked by a thin bed that contains abundant, white-weathering, spherical to cylindrical phosphate nodules, many of which contain a cylindrical axial cavity of unknown origin.

The nodules lie on the bedding surface of the highly burrowed, ridge-forming sandstone near the top of the Dakota and occur in the overlying breccia. The breccia consists of rip-up clasts of sandstone and eroded internal molds of the ammonite Conlinoceras tarrantense, the zonal index for the basal middle Cenomanian. The nodules below the breccia imply a time of erosion followed by nondeposition or sediment bypass during which the phosphatization occurred. The breccia implies a time of submarine erosion, probably storm-related.

Remarkably, this condensed succession and the basal part of the overlying Mancos Shale tongue contain one of the most complete middle Cenomanian ammonite sequences in the U.S. Western Interior. Five of the six ammonite zones that characterize the middle Cenomanian of the Western Interior are found on Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. Only representatives of the second oldest zone are missing, although stratigraphically there is room for this zone. Fossils from each zone occur in stratigraphically separated beds; no zone overlaps with or is superimposed on another.

Maps of the western shoreline of the seaway at the beginning and end of the time represented by the condensed succession show the progression of the Late Cretaceous seaway from embayment to ocean covering most of New Mexico. These maps, combined with the resolving power of the middle Cenomanian biostratigraphic framework, indicate that the southern shoreline of Seboyeta Bay, which was only a few miles south of Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, was virtually stationary for most of this time. This ensured that the refuge was under shallow, well-oxygenated, marine waters for much of middle Cenomanian time. It also ensured that deposited sediments would be subjected periodically to erosion by nearshore waves and currents.

This report marks the first recorded occurrence in New Mexico of the following ammonite species: Acanthoceras muldoonense (zonal index), A. bellense (zonal index), Turrilites (Euturrilites) scheuchzerianus, Cunningtoniceras cf. C. cunningtoni, and Paraconlinoceras leonense. The occurrences of the zonal indices in the Dakota Sandstone on and to the south of the refuge increase not only their geographic distributions, but also the biostratigraphic resolution in the middle Cenomanian of New Mexico.

","language":"English","publisher":"New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources","issn":"0196948X","usgsCitation":"Hook, S.C., and Cobban, W., 2007, A condensed middle Cenomanian succession in the Dakota Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous), Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro County, New Mexico: New Mexico Geology, v. 29, no. 3, p. 75-96.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"96","costCenters":[{"id":207,"text":"Core Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270669,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/periodicals/nmg/backissues/home.cfml?SpecificYear=&FromYear=&ToYear=&Volume=29&Number=3&title=&author=&keywords=&NMcounty=ANY&Submit=Search"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Socorro County","otherGeospatial":"Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.0898,34.1882 ], [ -107.0898,34.422 ], [ -106.5139,34.422 ], [ -106.5139,34.1882 ], [ -107.0898,34.1882 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e395e4b0c8380cd460f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hook, Stephen C.","contributorId":175265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hook","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cobban, William A.","contributorId":99529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobban","given":"William A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031038,"text":"70031038 - 2007 - Integrating laboratory creep compaction data with numerical fault models: A Bayesian framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-27T12:24:12.666509","indexId":"70031038","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating laboratory creep compaction data with numerical fault models: A Bayesian framework","docAbstract":"

[1] We developed a robust Bayesian inversion scheme to plan and analyze laboratory creep compaction experiments. We chose a simple creep law that features the main parameters of interest when trying to identify rate-controlling mechanisms from experimental data. By integrating the chosen creep law or an approximation thereof, one can use all the data, either simultaneously or in overlapping subsets, thus making more complete use of the experiment data and propagating statistical variations in the data through to the final rate constants. Despite the nonlinearity of the problem, with this technique one can retrieve accurate estimates of both the stress exponent and the activation energy, even when the porosity time series data are noisy. Whereas adding observation points and/or experiments reduces the uncertainty on all parameters, enlarging the range of temperature or effective stress significantly reduces the covariance between stress exponent and activation energy. We apply this methodology to hydrothermal creep compaction data on quartz to obtain a quantitative, semiempirical law for fault zone compaction in the interseismic period. Incorporating this law into a simple direct rupture model, we find marginal distributions of the time to failure that are robust with respect to errors in the initial fault zone porosity.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004792","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Fitzenz, D., Jalobeanu, A., and Hickman, S., 2007, Integrating laboratory creep compaction data with numerical fault models: A Bayesian framework: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 112, no. 8, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004792.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477346,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004792","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c7be4b0c8380cd62d89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzenz, D.D.","contributorId":61218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzenz","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jalobeanu, A.","contributorId":31197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jalobeanu","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickman, S.H. 0000-0003-2075-9615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":16027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033112,"text":"70033112 - 2007 - Evaluating nephrotoxicity of high-molecular-weight organic compounds in drinking water from lignite aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-15T20:30:44","indexId":"70033112","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2481,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating nephrotoxicity of high-molecular-weight organic compounds in drinking water from lignite aquifers","docAbstract":"High-molecular-weight organic compounds such as humic acids and/or fulvic acids that are naturally mobilized from lignite beds into untreated drinking-water supplies were suggested as one possible cause of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and cancer of the renal pelvis. A lab investigation was undertaken in order to assess the nephrotoxic potential of such organic compounds using an in vitro tissue culture model. Because of the infeasibility of exposing kidney tissue to low concentrations of organics for years in the lab, tangential flow ultrafiltration was employed to hyperconcentrate samples suitable for discerning effects in the short time frames necessitated by tissue culture systems. Effects on HK-2 kidney cells were measured using two different cell proliferation assays (MTT and alamarBlue). Results demonstrated that exposure of kidney tissue to high-molecular-weight organics produced excess cell death or proliferation depending on concentration and duration of exposure. Copyright ?? Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/15287390701551274","issn":"15287394","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, J., Tatu, C., Lerch, H., Orem, W., and Pavlovic, N., 2007, Evaluating nephrotoxicity of high-molecular-weight organic compounds in drinking water from lignite aquifers: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, v. 70, no. 24, p. 2089-2091, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701551274.","startPage":"2089","endPage":"2091","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213528,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287390701551274"},{"id":241158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0beae4b0c8380cd5293c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, J.E.","contributorId":63512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tatu, C. A.","contributorId":89942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tatu","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lerch, H.E.","contributorId":100371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orem, W. H. 0000-0003-4990-0539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":93084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"W. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pavlovic, N.","contributorId":13912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030093,"text":"70030093 - 2007 - Evidence for montmorillonite or its compositional equivalent in Columbia Hills, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-27T11:45:22","indexId":"70030093","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for montmorillonite or its compositional equivalent in Columbia Hills, Mars","docAbstract":"

During its exploration of the Columbia Hills, the Mars Exploration Rover \"Spirit\" encountered several similar samples that are distinctly different from Martian meteorites and known Gusev crater soils, rocks, and sediments. Occurring in a variety of contexts and locations, these \"Independence class\" samples are rough-textured, iron-poor (equivalent FeO ??? 4 wt%), have high Al/Si ratios, and often contain unexpectedly high concentrations of one or more minor or trace elements (including Cr, Ni, Cu, Sr, and Y). Apart from accessory minerals, the major component common to these samples has a compositional profile of major and minor elements which is similar to the smectite montmorillonite, implicating this mineral, or its compositional equivalent. Infrared thermal emission spectra do not indicate the presence of crystalline smectite. One of these samples was found spatially associated with a ferric sulfate-enriched soil horizon, possibly indicating a genetic relationship between these disparate types of materials. Compared to the nearby Wishstone and Watchtower class rocks, major aqueous alteration involving mineral dissolution and mobilization with consequent depletions of certain elements is implied for this setting and may be undetectable by remote sensing from orbit because of the small scale of the occurrences and obscuration by mantling with soil and dust.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2006JE002756","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Clark, B.C., Arvidson, R., Gellert, R., Morris, R., Ming, D.W., Richter, L., Ruff, S.W., Michalski, J., Farrand, W.H., Yen, A.S., Herkenhoff, K.E., Li, R., Squyres, S.W., Schroder, C., Klingelhofer, G., and Bell, J., 2007, Evidence for montmorillonite or its compositional equivalent in Columbia Hills, Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 112, no. E6, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JE002756.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476969,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006je002756","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Columbia Hills; Mars","volume":"112","issue":"E6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d4be4b0c8380cd52f20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, B. C. III","contributorId":19372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"B.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gellert, Ralf","contributorId":35049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gellert","given":"Ralf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12660,"text":"University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":425676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":6978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ming, D. W.","contributorId":96811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Richter, L.","contributorId":100162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ruff, S. W.","contributorId":63136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruff","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Michalski, J.R.","contributorId":46202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michalski","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Farrand, W. 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