{"pageNumber":"241","pageRowStart":"6000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11361,"records":[{"id":70176568,"text":"70176568 - 1994 - Hydrologic hazards in the lower Drift River basin associated with the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-21T13:58:13","indexId":"70176568","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic hazards in the lower Drift River basin associated with the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Dorava, J., and Meyer, D.F., 1994, Hydrologic hazards in the lower Drift River basin associated with the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 62, no. 1-4, p. 387-407.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"407","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328819,"rank":1,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://www.avo.alaska.edu/downloads/reference.php?citid=109","text":"Hydrologic hazards in the lower Drift River basin associated with the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","description":"Hydrologic hazards in the lower Drift River basin associated with the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":" Aleutian Range, at the head of the Chigmit Mountains subrange in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.0010986328125,\n              60.356847344793586\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.0010986328125,\n              60.568077898122155\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.49298095703125,\n              60.568077898122155\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.49298095703125,\n              60.356847344793586\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.0010986328125,\n              60.356847344793586\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57feb0e5e4b0824b2d153d91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorava, J.M.","contributorId":68756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, D. F.","contributorId":21167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70006933,"text":"70006933 - 1994 - Decline in a population of spectacled eiders nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-09T19:44:50","indexId":"70006933","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T19:16:33","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2901,"text":"Northwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decline in a population of spectacled eiders nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","docAbstract":"The number of spectacled eiders nesting on two study areas near the Kashunuk River, on the central Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta, Alaska, declined by over 75% in the last 20 years. Nesting densities have remained low, but have not significantly declined since 1985. There has been no decrease in the reproductive effort of individual females as indicated by average clutch sizes. There has been a significant decline in the proportion of nests located on islands on one of the two study areas. Nesting success declined significantly during the 1970's. Success was not monitored in recent years, but has likely been low, based on the poor nesting success and declining numbers of cackling Canada geese and black brant nesting on the area. Nest predation by arctic foxes severely limited the productivity of cackling Canada geese, and foxes were likely the major predators of eider nests. Persistent high predation rates may lead to local extirpation in highly philopatric species such as eiders.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology","publisherLocation":"Olympia, WA","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., Dau, C., and Babcock, C., 1994, Decline in a population of spectacled eiders nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: Northwestern Naturalist, v. 75, no. 3, p. 81-87.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"87","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258249,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3536829","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe08e4b0c8380cd4eaa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dau, Christian","contributorId":85029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dau","given":"Christian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Babcock, Christopher","contributorId":60490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Babcock","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007015,"text":"70007015 - 1994 - Emperor goose (Chen canagica)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T10:54:15","indexId":"70007015","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:53:36","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":399,"text":"Birds of North America","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"97","title":"Emperor goose (Chen canagica)","docAbstract":"Early naturalists exploring western Alaska were intrigued to find a stocky, blue-gray species of coastal goose unique to that area and nearby Russia. As E. W. Nelson (1887) wrote, \"Among the various species of birds more or less peculiar to Alaska this goose is perhaps the most noteworthy.\" The Emperor Goose nests in the extensive coastal salt marsh habitats of arctic and sub-arctic Alaska and Russia and winters primarily on coastal beaches along ice-free areas of the Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula. Locally known as the \"Beach Goose\" from its habit of roosting and feeding near the waters' edge, the diet of this species consists largely of clams, mussels, and algae when wintering and staging in marine and estuarine habitats. When nesting in terrestrial habitats, it eats mostly roots, bulbs, and shoots of vegetation. Although the breeding biology and habitat requirements of this goose have been examined in detail, mostly on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (Y-K Delta) of Alaska, there have been no intensive studies of its wintering or staging biology. Recent studies of migration have confirmed pathways and timing between the Y-K Delta and staging areas on the Alaska Peninsula and wintering areas largely on the Aleutian Islands (Hupp et al. 2007). Observations of substantial molt migrations to the Chukotka Peninsula in eastern Russia (Hupp et al. 2007) suggest a possible change in distribution, or at least a clarification, and raise the possibility of harvest mortality on both continents. Alaska's Emperor Goose population declined precipitously from 139,000 in 1964 to 42,000 in 1986, although its numbers have recovered slightly since then (Fischer et al. 2008). The factors responsible for this quick decline and slow recovery remain poorly known. Hunting, especially subsistence hunting by Native Americans, is probably a factor (Hupp et al. 2008b); coastal oil pollution could also be reducing the survival of overwintering individuals (Byrd et al. 1995); and interspecific competition among brood rearing geese may limit recovery through recruitment (Schmutz and Laing 2002, Lake et al. 2008).","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Birds of North America, No. 97","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Birds of North America, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.2173/bna.97","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., Schmutz, J.A., and Rockwell, R., 1994, Emperor goose (Chen canagica): Birds of North America 97, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.97.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259532,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2173/bna.97","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0901e4b0c8380cd51d61","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poole, A.","contributorId":113515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508434,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, F.","contributorId":114156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508435,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rockwell, R.F.","contributorId":22527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70006979,"text":"70006979 - 1994 - Functional response of wolves preying on barren-ground caribou in a multiple-prey ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-14T01:01:39","indexId":"70006979","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:58:36","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional response of wolves preying on barren-ground caribou in a multiple-prey ecosystem","docAbstract":"1. We investigated the functional response of wolves (Canis lupus) to varying abundance of ungulate prey to test the hypothesis that switching from alternate prey to preferred prey results in regulation of a caribou (Rangifer tarandus) population at low densities. 2. We determined prey selection, kill rates, and prey abundance for four wolf packs during three 30-day periods in March 1989, March 1990, November 1990, and created a simple discrete model to evaluate the potential for the expected numerical and observed functional responses of wolves to regulate caribou populations. 3. We observed a quickly decelerating type II functional response that, in the absence of numerical response, implicates an anti-regulatory effect of wolf predation on barren-ground caribou dynamics. 4. There was little potential for regulation caused by the multiplicative effect of increasing functional and numerical responses because of presence of alternative prey. This resulted in high wolf:caribou ratios at low prey densities which precluded the effects of an increasing functional response. 5. Inversely density-dependent predation by other predators, such as bears, reduces the potential for predators to regulate caribou populations at low densities, and small reductions in predation by one predator may have disproportionately large effects on the total predation rate.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Animal Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","doi":"10.2307/5230","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Dale, B., Adams, L., and Bowyer, R., 1994, Functional response of wolves preying on barren-ground caribou in a multiple-prey ecosystem: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 63, no. 3, p. 644-652, https://doi.org/10.2307/5230.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"644","endPage":"652","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258852,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/5230","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1415e4b0c8380cd548d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dale, B.W.","contributorId":48902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dale","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowyer, R.T.","contributorId":94645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowyer","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222698,"text":"5222698 - 1994 - Metals in diet of Bering Sea walrus: <i>Mya</i> sp. as a possible transmitter of elevated cadmium and other metals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T12:28:32","indexId":"5222698","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:49","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metals in diet of Bering Sea walrus: <i>Mya</i> sp. as a possible transmitter of elevated cadmium and other metals","docAbstract":"<p>Elevated levels of cadmium in Pacific walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) and northern fur seals (<i>Callorhinus ursinus</i>) have been reported in populations from the Bering Sea (Goldblatt &amp; Anthony, 1983; Taylor <i>et al</i>., 1989). Russian and US authorities are concerned because of the possible health hazards from consuming pinniped meat harvested for subsistence peoples. The effects of cadmium on marine mammals have not been determined, but high concentrations of this element in humans and laboratory animals have been correlated with renal, skeletal, and biochemical dysfunctions (Friberg <i>et al</i>., 1986). </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-326X(94)90133-3","usgsCitation":"Miles, A.K., and Hills, S., 1994, Metals in diet of Bering Sea walrus: <i>Mya</i> sp. as a possible transmitter of elevated cadmium and other metals: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 28, no. 7, p. 456-458, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(94)90133-3.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"458","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","volume":"28","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628766","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":336886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hills, Susan","contributorId":103995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hills","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210588,"text":"5210588 - 1994 - Organochlorine pesticides, chlorinated dioxins and furans, and PCBs in peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus eggs from the Kola peninsula, Russia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T13:35:38","indexId":"5210588","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Organochlorine pesticides, chlorinated dioxins and furans, and PCBs in peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus eggs from the Kola peninsula, Russia","docAbstract":"Nesting of a bog-associated population of mlgfatory Peregrine Falcons, Falco peregrinus, along the Ponoy River depression, Kola Peninsula, Russia, has been studied since 1977. In 1987 91 production rates averaged 1.94 young per active nest and the number of breeding pairs increased from 4 to 10. In 1991, most eyrie sites were visited during the egg stage and a 'sample' egg was collected for contaminant analysis. Eight Peregrine Falcon eggs contained relatively low concentrations of p,p' -DOE (DOE) (geometric mean 3.5  g/g) and of other organochlorine pesticides.  These DOE concentrations are similar to those reported in Peregrine Falcon eggs from an Alaskan population that had also showed a recent population increase. Eggshell thinning (11.4%) was similar to that found in Alaska. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were higher than DOE concentrations, comparable to the contamination profile shown by Peregrine Falcon populations in Fennoscandia, and were higher than those found in Alaskan birds. Before this study, no Peregrine Falcon eggs from Russia had 'been analyzed for PCB congeners, polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins (PCDDs), or pol ychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCD Fs). Conversions of analytical concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), other PCDDs, PCDFs and PCB congeners based on relative aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction potencies allowed the estimation of total 2,3,7,8- TCDD equivalents (TEQs). The TEQs are in the range that is associated with embryonic mortality in other species. Even though the Peregrine Falcon population now seems to be released from decades of a DOT problem, exposure to other contaminant  continues.  There is an obvious need to assess further the sources and longer-term trends of the PCBs. We also report residue concentrations from one White-tailed Eagle, Haliaeetus albicilla, egg.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Raptor Conservation Today.  Proceedings of the IV World Conference on Birds of Prey and Owls, Berlin, Germany, 10-17 May 1992","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Pica Press","publisherLocation":"London, England","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Ganusevich, S., Ward, F., and Schwartz, T., 1994, Organochlorine pesticides, chlorinated dioxins and furans, and PCBs in peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus eggs from the Kola peninsula, Russia, chap. <i>of</i> Raptor Conservation Today.  Proceedings of the IV World Conference on Birds of Prey and Owls, Berlin, Germany, 10-17 May 1992, p. 739-749.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"749","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a7a7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Meyburg, B-U.","contributorId":111505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyburg","given":"B-U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506761,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chancellor, R.D.","contributorId":113487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chancellor","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506762,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganusevich, S.A.","contributorId":52539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganusevich","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, F.P.","contributorId":19916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"F.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, T.R.","contributorId":97451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70017126,"text":"70017126 - 1994 - Seismic images of the Brooks Range fold and thrust belt, Arctic Alaska, from an integrated seismic reflection/refraction experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-15T15:58:15.207162","indexId":"70017126","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic images of the Brooks Range fold and thrust belt, Arctic Alaska, from an integrated seismic reflection/refraction experiment","docAbstract":"<p><span>We describe results of an integrated seismic reflection/refraction experiment across the Brooks Range and flanking geologic provinces in Arctic Alaska. The seismic acquisition was unusual in that reflection and refraction data were collected simultaneously with a 700 channel seismograph system deployed numerous times along a 315 km profile. Shot records show continuous Moho reflections from 0–180 km offset, as well as numerous upper- and mid-crustal wide-angle events. Single and low-fold near-vertical incidence common midpoint (CMP) reflection images show complex upper- and middle-crustal structure across the range from the unmetamorphosed Endicott Mountains allochthon (EMA) in the north, to the metamorphic belts in the south. Lower-crustal and Moho reflections are visible across the entire reflection profile. Travel-time inversion of PmP arrivals shows that the Moho, at 33 km depth beneath the North Slope foothills, deepens abruptly beneath the EMA to a maximum of 46 km, and then shallows southward to 35 km at the southern edge of the range.</span></p><p><span>Two zones of upper- and middle-crustal reflections underlie the northern Brooks Range above ~ 12–15 km depth. The upper zone, interpreted as the base of the EMA, lies at a maximum depth of 6 km and extends over 50 km from the range front to the north central Brooks Range where the base of the EMA outcrops above the metasedimentary rocks exposed in the Doonerak window. We interpret the base of the lower zone, at ~ 12 km depth, to be from carbonate rocks above the master detachment upon which the Brooks Range formed. The seismic data suggest that the master detachment is connected to the faults in the EMA by several ramps. In the highly metamorphosed terranes south of the Doonerak window, the CMP section shows numerous south-dipping events which we interpret as a crustal scale duplex involving the Doonerak window rocks. The basal detachment reflections can be traced approximately 100 km, and dip southward from about 10–12 km near the range front, to 14–18 km beneath the Doonerak window, to 26–28 km beneath the metamorphic belts in the central Brooks Range. The section documents middle- and lower-crustal involvement in the formation of the Brooks Range.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(94)90073-6","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Levander, A., Fuis, G., Wissinger, E.S., Lutter, W.J., Oldow, J.S., and Moore, T., 1994, Seismic images of the Brooks Range fold and thrust belt, Arctic Alaska, from an integrated seismic reflection/refraction experiment: Tectonophysics, v. 232, no. 1-4, p. 13-30, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(94)90073-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225154,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.26156897045644,\n              70.64117082952842\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.26156897045644,\n              67.82256721873662\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.842623201808,\n              67.82256721873662\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.842623201808,\n              70.64117082952842\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.26156897045644,\n              70.64117082952842\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"232","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b22e4b08c986b317602","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levander, A.","contributorId":91248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levander","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuis, G. 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E.","contributorId":29407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arndt","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bawiec, Walter J.","contributorId":83909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawiec","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":17026,"text":"ofr94258 - 1994 - Cruise report; R/V Alpha Helix Cruise-173 to western Prince William Sound, Yakutat Bay, and Glacier Bay National Park, northeastern Gulf of Alaska, August 17 - September 3, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:57","indexId":"ofr94258","displayToPublicDate":"1996-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-258","title":"Cruise report; R/V Alpha Helix Cruise-173 to western Prince William Sound, Yakutat Bay, and Glacier Bay National Park, northeastern Gulf of Alaska, August 17 - September 3, 1993","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr94258","usgsCitation":"Cowan, E.A., Powell, R., Carlson, P., Kayen, R.E., Cai, J., Seramur, K., and Zellers, S., 1994, Cruise report; R/V Alpha Helix Cruise-173 to western Prince William Sound, Yakutat Bay, and Glacier Bay National Park, northeastern Gulf of Alaska, August 17 - September 3, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-258, 176 p. :chiefly ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94258.","productDescription":"176 p. :chiefly ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0258/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46158,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0258/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6800a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowan, E. A.","contributorId":16423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowan","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, R.D.","contributorId":74015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, P.R.","contributorId":97055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kayen, R. E.","contributorId":14424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cai, Jinkui","contributorId":105319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"Jinkui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Seramur, K.C.","contributorId":87558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seramur","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zellers, S.D.","contributorId":66700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellers","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":31905,"text":"ofr94679 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Killik River quadrangle, Brooks Range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-29T18:41:28.832251","indexId":"ofr94679","displayToPublicDate":"1996-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-679","title":"Geologic map of the Killik River quadrangle, Brooks Range, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94679","usgsCitation":"Mull, C.G., Moore, T., Harris, E., and Tailleur, I., 1994, Geologic map of the Killik River quadrangle, Brooks Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-679, 1 Plate: 70.00 × 45.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94679.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 70.00 × 45.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397790,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12584.htm"},{"id":21654,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0679/plate-1-preview.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21653,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0679/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"125000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Killik River quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156,\n              68\n            ],\n            [\n              -153,\n              68\n            ],\n            [\n              -153,\n              69\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              69\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              68\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6974f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mull, Charles G.","contributorId":49343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mull","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":85592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, E. E.","contributorId":24328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"E. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tailleur, I.L.","contributorId":59027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tailleur","given":"I.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":16977,"text":"ofr94714 - 1994 - Circum-North Pacific tectonostratigraphic terrane map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-22T19:13:20.313093","indexId":"ofr94714","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-714","title":"Circum-North Pacific tectonostratigraphic terrane map","docAbstract":"<p>The companion tectonostratigraphic terrane and overlap assemblage of map the Circum-North Pacific presents a modern description of the major geologic and tectonic units of the region. The map illustrates both the onshore terranes and overlap volcanic assemblages of the region, and the major offshore geologic features. The map is the first collaborative compilation of the geology of the region at a scale of 1:5,000,000 by geologists of the Russian Far East, Japanese, Alaskan, Canadian, and U.S.A. Pacific Northwest. The map is designed to be a source of geologic information for all scientists interested in the region, and is designed to be used for several purposes, including regional tectonic analyses, mineral resource and metallogenic analyses (Nokleberg and others, 1993, 1994a), petroleum analyses, neotectonic analyses, and analyses of seismic hazards and volcanic hazards. This text contains an introduction, tectonic definitions, acknowledgments, descriptions of postaccretion stratified rock units, descriptions and stratigraphic columns for tectonostratigraphic terranes in onshore areas, and references for the companion map (Sheets 1 to 5).</p>\n<br>\n<p>This map is the result of extensive geologic mapping and \nassociated tectonic studies in the Russian Far East, Hokkaido \nIsland of Japan, Alaska, the Canadian Cordillera, and the \nU.S.A. Pacific Northwest in the last few decades. Geologic \nmapping suggests that most of this region can be interpreted as \na collage of fault-bounded tectonostratigraphic terranes that \nwere accreted onto continental margins around the Circum-\n. orth Pacific mainly during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic (Fujita \nand ewberry, 1983; 1987; Parfenov, 1984, 1991; Howell, \n1985; Watson and Fujita, 1985; Parfenov and Natal'in, 1984; \nJones and others. 1987; Monger and Berg, 1987, Fujita and \nCook. 1990; Zonenshain and others. 1990; Natal'in, 1991, \n1993; Moore and others, 1992; Silberling and others, 1992; \nNokleberg and others. 1992, 1993, 1994a; Parfenov and \nothers. 1993; Plaflcer and Berg, 1994; Tabor, 1994).</p>\n<br>\n<p>This map is the result of extensive geologic mapping and \nassociated tectonic studies in the Russian Far East, Hokkaido \nIsland of Japan, Alaska, the Canadian Cordillera, and the \nU.S.A. Pacific Northwest in the last few decades. Geologic \nmapping suggests that most of this region can be interpreted as \na collage of fault-bounded tectonostratigraphic terranes that \nwere accreted onto continental margins around the Circum-\n. orth Pacific mainly during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic (Fujita \nand ewberry, 1983; 1987; Parfenov, 1984, 1991; Howell, \n1985; Watson and Fujita, 1985; Parfenov and Natal'in, 1984; \nJones and others. 1987; Monger and Berg, 1987, Fujita and \nCook. 1990; Zonenshain and others. 1990; Natal'in, 1991, \n1993; Moore and others, 1992; Silberling and others, 1992; \nNokleberg and others. 1992, 1993, 1994a; Parfenov and \nothers. 1993; Plaflcer and Berg, 1994; Tabor, 1994).</p> \n<br>\n<p>On the companion map and in the descriptions bel?w· \nterranes are interpreted according to inferred tectonic \nenvironments. These environments are (I) cratonai; (2) \npassive continental margin; (3) metamorphosed continental \nmargin; (4) continental-margin arc; (5) island arc; (6) oceanic \ncrust, seamount, and ophiolite; (7) accretionary wedge and \nsubduction zone: (8) turbidite basin; and (9) metamorphic for \nterranes that are too highly-deformed and metamorphosed to \nde~ermine the original tectonic environment. For terranes with \ncomplex geologic histories, the chosen color indicates the \ntectonic environment most prevalent during this history of the \nterrane. The tectonic environments inf~rred for igneous rocks \nare both temporal and genetic. The temporal environments are \npreaccretion and postaccretion. The genetic environments are \nsubduction-related, rift-related, and collisional (anatectic)-\nrelated.</p> \n<br>\n<p>In addition to terranes, the map also depicts postaccretion \nunits that include: (I) Cenozoic and Mesozoic overlap \nassemblages of sedimentary and volcanic rocks that are \ndeposited across two or more terranes that formed generally\nafter accretion of most terranes in the region; (2) Cenozoic and \nMesozoic basinal deposits that occur within a terrane or on the \ncraton; (3) plutonic rocks. The postaccretion igneous units are \nidentified by age-lithologic abbreviations and by name. These \noverlap assemblages and basinal deposits formed mainly \nduring sedimentation and magmatism that occurred after \naccretion of terranes to each other or to a continental margin. \nOverlap assemblages provide minimum ages on the timing of \naccretion of terranes. Some Cenozoic and Mesozoic overlap \nassemblages and basinal deposits, as well as fragments of \nterranes, are extensively offset by movement along \npostaccretion faults. In addition, in onshore areas, the map \ndepicts major preaccretion plutonic rocks that are limited to \nindividual terranes. and in offshore areas. the map depicts \nmajor oceanic plates,-ocean floor magnetic lineations. oceanic \nspreading ridges, and seamounts.</p> \n<br>\n<p>The map consists of five sheets. Sheets I and 2 depict, at a \nscale of I :5.000.000. the tectonostratigraphic terranes. \npreaccretion plutonic rocks, and postaccretion Cenozoic and \nMesozoic overlap sedimentary, volcanic. and plutonic \nassemblages, and basinal deposits for the Circum- orth Pacific \nincluding the Russian Far East, northern Hokkaido Island of \nJapan, Alaska. the Canadian Cordillera, part of the U.S.A. \nPacific Northwest. and adjacent offshore areas. Sheet 3 \nprovides the list of map units for Sheets I and 2. Sheet 4 is a \nindex map showing generalized onshore terranes and overlap \nassemblages for onshore parts of the Circum-North Pacific at a \nscale of I: I 0,000,000. Sheet 4 is a guide to the more \ncomplicated onshore features depicted on Sheets I and 2. Sheet \n5 is an index map showing the major geographic regions for \nthe Circum-North Pacific. </p>\n<br>\n<p>Significant differences exist between the representation of \nonshore and offshore geology on Sheets I and 2. These are: (I) \ncompared to the onshore part of the map, the offshore part is \ndepicted in a more schematic fashion because of more limited \ndata and because the offshore terranes and early Cenozoic and \nolder overlap assemblages generally are obscured by extensive \nlate Cenozoic sedimentary cover that is not shown unless \nthicker than two kilometers; (2) marginal contacts of offshore \nCenozoic and Cretaceous sedimentary basins do not match \ncontacts of onshore Cenozoic and Cretaceous sedimentary units \nbecause offshore basins are limited to those regions with \nsediment thicknesses greater than two kilometers; (3) \nstratigraphic columns, included at the end of this explanation. \nare provided only for onshore terranes because the geology of \noffshore terranes is generally less well-known; and (4) for \nsimplicity, the major onshore Cenozoic sedimentary basins are \ngenerally not defined and described separately because the \nonshore part of the map is designed to emphasize terranes and \noverlap volcanic assemblages that are crucial for both for \ntectonic and metallogenic analyses published elsewhere \n(Nokleberg and others, 1993, 1994a).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Several key geologic sources were used in the compilation \nof the map. For Alaska. the basic outcrop pattern for the map is \nfrom Beikman (1980), Gehrels and Berg (1992, 1994). Barker \nand others ( 1994). Brew (1994), and Moli-Stalcup and others \n( 1994b). The distribution of terranes is from Jones and others \n(1987) and Monger and Berg (1987), with modification by \nGrantz and other (1991 ). Worall (199 1 ), okleberg and others \n(1993, 1994a), the cited references, and the Alaskan co-authors \nof this report. For the Canadian Cordillera. the basic outcrop \npattern is from Monger and Berg ( 1987), Wheeler and other \n(1988). and Wheeler and McFeeley ( 1991) with modifications \nby the Canadian authors. For the northern part of the Russian \nFar East. the basic outcrop pattern is from So unov (1985) with \nmodifications by the Russian authors. For the outhern part of \nthe Russian Far East, the basic outcrop pattern is from Krasny \n(1991) and Bazhanov and Oleinik ( 1986) with modification \nby the Russian authors. The Russian Far East part of the map is \nthe first attempt to define and delineate terranes in that region. \nIn their compilation. the Russian authors utilized the \nmethodology of U.S.A. and Canadian geologists. Because this \nmap is the first attempt to display the terranes. Cenozoic and \nMesozoic overlap assemblages. basinal deposit , and plutonic \nbelts of the Russian Far East. the Russian author will \nappreciate constructive sugge tions for improving the map.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr94714","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with Russian Academy of Sciences, Geological Survey of Canada, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, Russian Committee on Geology, Michigan State University, Exxon Production Research Company, University of Alaska, Geological Survey of Japan","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W.J., Parfenov, L.M., Monger, J.W., Baranov, B., Byalobzhesky, S.G., Bundtzen, T., Feeney, T.D., Fujita, K., Gordey, S.P., Grantz, A., Khanchuk, A.I., Natal’in, B.A., Natapov, L.M., Norton, I.O., Patton, W.W., Plafker, G., Scholl, D.W., Sokolov, S.D., Sosunov, G.M., Stone, D., Tabor, R.W., Tsukanov, N.V., Vallier, T.L., and Wakita, K., 1994, Circum-North Pacific tectonostratigraphic terrane map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-714, Report: 221 p.; 5 Plates: 49.97 x 36.00 inches and smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94714.","productDescription":"Report: 221 p.; 5 Plates: 49.97 x 36.00 inches and smaller","numberOfPages":"222","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404382,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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Area projection","otherGeospatial":"Circum-north Pacific","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e479de4b07f02db49224d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":174404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parfenov, Leonid M.","contributorId":59112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parfenov","given":"Leonid","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monger, James W.H.","contributorId":53900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baranov, Boris B.","contributorId":107145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baranov","given":"Boris B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Byalobzhesky, Stanislav G.","contributorId":73684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byalobzhesky","given":"Stanislav","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Feeney, Tracey D.","contributorId":7136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feeney","given":"Tracey","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fujita, Kazuya","contributorId":15654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujita","given":"Kazuya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gordey, Steven P.","contributorId":50042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordey","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Grantz, Arthur agrantz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantz","given":"Arthur","email":"agrantz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science 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,{"id":38216,"text":"pp1545 - 1994 - Depositional framework and regional correlation of pre-Carboniferous metacarbonate rocks of the Snowden Mountain area, central Brooks Range, Northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:31:36","indexId":"pp1545","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1545","title":"Depositional framework and regional correlation of pre-Carboniferous metacarbonate rocks of the Snowden Mountain area, central Brooks Range, Northern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes lithofacies, conodont biostratigraphy and biofacies, and depositional environments of Proterozoic(?) through Devonian metacarbonate rocks in the Snowden Mountain area. These rocks are correlated with successions on the Seward Peninsula and across the Brooks Range. Lithologic and paleobiogeographic data suggest that these successions formed along a single continental margin which had faunal exchange with both North America and Siberia, rather than on a series of discrete platforms juxtaposed by later tectonic events.</p>","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/pp1545","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., and Harris, A., 1994, Depositional framework and regional correlation of pre-Carboniferous metacarbonate rocks of the Snowden Mountain area, central Brooks Range, Northern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1545, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1545.","productDescription":"66 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1545/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64520,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1545/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Snowden Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.29296875,\n              67.6343168308615\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.29296875,\n              69.03714171275197\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.9970703125,\n              69.03714171275197\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.9970703125,\n              67.6343168308615\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.29296875,\n              67.6343168308615\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66e823","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, A. G.","contributorId":39791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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John P. jgallway@usgs.gov","contributorId":3345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"John","email":"jgallway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":180135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laney, Jim","contributorId":94331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laney","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":17461,"text":"ofr94653 - 1994 - Palynomorph biostratigraphy of Eocene samples from the Sagavanirktok Formation at Franklin Bluffs, North Slope of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T07:03:53","indexId":"ofr94653","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-653","title":"Palynomorph biostratigraphy of Eocene samples from the Sagavanirktok Formation at Franklin Bluffs, North Slope of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94653","usgsCitation":"Frederiksen, N.O., Edwards, L.E., Fouch, T.D., Carter, L.D., and Collett, T.S., 1994, Palynomorph biostratigraphy of Eocene samples from the Sagavanirktok Formation at Franklin Bluffs, North Slope of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-653, 32 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94653.","productDescription":"32 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":150516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0653/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46615,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0653/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -164.5751953125,\n              68.98992503056704\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.15234374999997,\n              68.98992503056704\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.15234374999997,\n              71.5944122077672\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.5751953125,\n              71.5944122077672\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.5751953125,\n              68.98992503056704\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689462","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frederiksen, Norman O.","contributorId":50880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":176480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fouch, T. D.","contributorId":68333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fouch","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, L. D.","contributorId":87959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":20240,"text":"ofr94526 - 1994 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Fort Yukon, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:35","indexId":"ofr94526","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-526","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Fort Yukon, Alaska","docAbstract":"The village of Fort Yukon along the Yukon River in east-central Alaska has long cold winters and short summers. The Federal Aviation Administration operates and supports some airport facilities in Fort Yukon and is evaluating the severity of environmental contamination and options for remediation of such contamination at their facilites. Fort Yukon is located on the flood plain of the Yukon River and obtains its drinking water from a shallow aquifer located in the thick alluvium underlying the village. Surface spills and disposal of hazardous materials combined with annual flooding of the Yukon River may affect the quality of the ground water. Alternative drinking-water sources are available from local surface-water bodies or from presently unidentified confined aquifers.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94526","usgsCitation":"Nakanishi, A.S., and Dorava, J.M., 1994, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Fort Yukon, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-526, 1 v. 126 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94526.","productDescription":"1 v. 126 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0526/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49781,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0526/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a2af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakanishi, Allan S.","contributorId":93081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakanishi","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20376,"text":"ofr94482 - 1994 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dillingham, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:53","indexId":"ofr94482","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-482","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dillingham, Alaska","docAbstract":"The remote city of Dillingham is at the northern end of Bristol Bay in southwestern Alaska. The hydrology of the area is strongly affected by the mild maritime climate and local geologic conditions. Dillingham residents obtain drinking water from both deep and shallow aquifers composed of gravels and sands and separated by layers of clay underlying the community. Alternative sources of drinking water are limited to the development of new wells because surface-water sources are of inadequate quantity or quality or are located at too great a distance from the population. The Federal Aviation Administration owns or operates airway support facilities in Dillingham and wishes to consider the severity of contamination and the current environmental setting when they evaluate options for compliance with environmental regulations at their facilities. This report describes the climate. vegetation, geology, soils, ground-water and surface-water hydrology, and flood potential of the areas surrounding the Federal Aviation Administration facilities near Dillingham.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94482","usgsCitation":"Palcsak, B.B., and Dorava, J.M., 1994, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dillingham, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-482, iv, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94482.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0482/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49912,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0482/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a37f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palcsak, Betty B. bpalcsak@usgs.gov","contributorId":186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palcsak","given":"Betty","email":"bpalcsak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":182542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20241,"text":"ofr94525 - 1994 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Galena, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr94525","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-525","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Galena, Alaska","docAbstract":"The remote Native village of Galena along the Yukon River in west-central Alaska has long cold winters and short summers that affects the hydrology of the area. The Federal Aviation Administration owns or operates airport support facilities in Galena and wishes to consider the subsistence lifestyle of the residents and the quality of the current environment when evaluating options for remediation of environmental contamination at these facilities. Galena is located on the flood plain of the Yukon River and obtains its drinking water from a shallow aquifer located in the thick alluvium underlying the village. Surface spills and disposal of hazardous materials combined with annual flooding of the Yukon River may affect the quality of the ground water. Alternative drinking-water sources are available but at significantly greater cost than existing supplies.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94525","usgsCitation":"Nakanishi, A.S., and Dorava, J.M., 1994, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Galena, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-525, 1 v. 172 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94525.","productDescription":"1 v. 172 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0525/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49782,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0525/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682f37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakanishi, Allan S.","contributorId":93081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakanishi","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20244,"text":"ofr94527 - 1994 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Tanana, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr94527","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-527","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Tanana, Alaska","docAbstract":"The remote Native village of Tanana along the Yukon River in west-central Alaska has long cold winters and short summers. The Federal Aviation Administration owns or operates airway support facilities near Tanana and wishes to consider the subsistence lifestyle of the residents and the quality of the current environment when evaluating the severity of environmental contamination at these facilities. Tanana is located on the flood plain of the Yukon River and obtains its drinking water from a shallow aquifer located in thick alluvium underlying the village. Surface spills and disposal of hazardous materials combined with annual flooding of the Yukon River may affect the quality of the ground water. Alternative drinking-water sources are available, but may cost more than existing supplies.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94527","usgsCitation":"Nakanishi, A.S., and Dorava, J.M., 1994, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Tanana, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-527, 1 v. 177 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94527.","productDescription":"1 v. 177 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0527/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49785,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0527/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakanishi, Allan S.","contributorId":93081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakanishi","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20026,"text":"ofr94367 - 1994 - Assessment of the hydrologic interaction between Imikpuk Lake and the adjacent airstrip site near Barrow, Alaska, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:45","indexId":"ofr94367","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-367","title":"Assessment of the hydrologic interaction between Imikpuk Lake and the adjacent airstrip site near Barrow, Alaska, 1993","docAbstract":"Imikpuk Lake serves as the drinking water source for the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation-National Arctic Research Laboratory (UIC-NARL), formerly known as the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory, near Barrow, Alaska. During the 1970's and 1980's, accidental releases of more than 1,300 cubic meters of various types of fuel occurred at the airstrip site adjacent to the lake. To aid an assessment of the potential risk 10 the quality of water in the lake posed by fuel remaining in the subsurface, the hydrologic interaction between the lake and ground water at the airstrip site was examined. The study area lies within the region of continuous permafrost where hydrologic processes are largely controlled by the short annual thaw season and the presence of near-surface permafrost. Runoff occurs for only a short period each year, typically from early or mid-June to late September, and a shallow ground- water system develops during approximately the same period as a result of shallow thawing of the subsurface. During the spring and summer of 1993, snowpack and surface-water data were collected throughout the Imikpuk Lake basin, and subsurface- flow-system data were collected at the airstrip site. The total annual inflow to the lake was estimated 10 be approximately 300,000 cubic meters per year, based on four methods of estimation. The ground-water flow system at the airstrip site is complex, primarily because of variations in local land-surface topography. Subsurface frost-elevation data indicate that a permafrost ridge exists beneath one of the elevated building pads at the site. Similar ridges beneath elevated roadways at the site may act as impediments to ground-water flow, reducing the flux of subsurface water to Imikpuk Lake. However, on the basis of the assumption that such impediments do not reduce flux substantially, the ground-water flux from the airstrip site was estimated to be approximately 173 cubic meters per year--less than 0.1 percent of the estimated annual inflow to Imikpuk Lake.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94367","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K.A., Solin, G.L., and Trabant, D., 1994, Assessment of the hydrologic interaction between Imikpuk Lake and the adjacent airstrip site near Barrow, Alaska, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-367, iv, 27 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94367.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0367/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49555,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0367/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671ce7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, Kathleen A. mccarthy@usgs.gov","contributorId":1159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Kathleen","email":"mccarthy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":181925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solin, Gary L. glsolin@usgs.gov","contributorId":5675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solin","given":"Gary","email":"glsolin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":181926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trabant, Dennis","contributorId":99990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trabant","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":20243,"text":"ofr94481 - 1994 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Saint Marys, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr94481","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-481","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Saint Marys, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) owns or operates airway support facilities near Saint Marys along the Yukon River in west-central Alaska. The FAA is evaluating the severity of environmental contamination and options for remediation of environmental contamination at their facilities. Saint Marys is on a flood plain near the continence of the Yukon and Andreafsky Rivers and has long cold winters and short summers. Residents obtain their drinking water from an infiltration gallery fed by a creek near the village. Surface spills and disposal of hazardous materials combined with potential flooding may affect the quality of the surface and ground water. Alternative drinking-water sources are available, but would likely cost more than existing supplies to develop.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94481","usgsCitation":"Nakanishi, A.S., and Dorava, J.M., 1994, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Saint Marys, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-481, iv, 26 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94481.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0481/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49784,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0481/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakanishi, Allan S.","contributorId":93081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakanishi","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26296,"text":"wri944073 - 1994 - Scour assessment at bridges from Flag Point to Million Dollar Bridge, Copper River Highway, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"wri944073","displayToPublicDate":"1995-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4073","title":"Scour assessment at bridges from Flag Point to Million Dollar Bridge, Copper River Highway, Alaska","docAbstract":"Twelve bridges are located along the Copper River Highway from Flag Point (Mile 27) to lhe Million Dollar Bridge (Mile 48). These bridges cross all or parts of the Copper River. Channel scour at these bridges was assessed by collecting and analyzing discharge and sediment data, analyzing aerial photography for eight different years, surveying and comparing cross sections, and utilizing scour equations. Between 1968 and 1992, scour occurring at Bridge 331 has formed two distinct channels at the bridge. The channel at Bridge 1187 has remained relatively unchanged between 1968 and 1992. During this same time period, the channel at Bridge 332 appears to have gradually filled. However, during the 1992 runoff season, the channel at this bridge scoured significantly, probably because of its unstable nature. The most significant scour has occurred at Bridge 342. A high-water period in 1981 probably shifted much of the flow of the Copper River through this bridge. As a result, severe contraction scour occurred which required major repairs to the bridge. During 1991 and 1992, the approach channel to Bridge 342 has been migrating, causing scour in the left side of the channel. Bed material at the Million Dollar Bridge consists of hard unweathered boulders nested in dense gravel. Because of this type of erosion-resistant material, no significant scour has occurred at this site. Contraction scour equations overestimated the mean depth of flow at Bridge 331 by 2.6 to 5.0 ft, but were within 1.0 ft of the mean depth of flow for Bridge 1187. The local scour equations generally overestimated local scour at both Bridge 331 and Bridge 1187. The accuracy of some equations was probably affected because water velocities could not be obtained upstream from the piers.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944073","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 1994, Scour assessment at bridges from Flag Point to Million Dollar Bridge, Copper River Highway, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4073, v, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944073.","productDescription":"v, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55102,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6864b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, T. P.","contributorId":103289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}