{"pageNumber":"243","pageRowStart":"6050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":36989,"records":[{"id":51507,"text":"ofr0321 - 2003 - Geochemistry of Permian rocks from the margins of the Phosphoria Basin: Lakeridge core, western Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T15:22:09.929093","indexId":"ofr0321","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-21","title":"Geochemistry of Permian rocks from the margins of the Phosphoria Basin: Lakeridge core, western Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>The Permian Phosphoria Formation and interbedded units of the Park City Formation and Shedhorn Sandstone in western Wyoming represent deposition along a carbonate ramp at the eastern margin of the Phosphoria Basin, with portions of the Phosphoria units reflecting periods of upwelling and widespread phosphogenesis. Thickness-weighted slab-samples of these units were collected at a maximum interval of 3 m along an 80+ m-length of unweathered core and analyzed for major-, minor-, and trace-element contents. Interpretations of geochemistry were made within the confines of a previously recognized sequence stratigraphy framework. Major shifts in element ratios characteristic of terrigenous debris that occur at sequence boundaries at the base of the Meade Peak and Retort Members of the Phosphoria Formation are attributed to changing sediment sources. Inter-element relationships in the marine fraction indicate that bottom waters of the Phosphoria Basin were predominantly denitrifying during deposition of the Ervay, Grandeur, and Phosphoria sediments, although sulfate-reducing conditions may have existed during deposition of the lower Meade Peak sediments. Oxic conditions were prevalent during deposition of a large part of the Franson Member, which represents sedimentation in a shallow, inner- to back-ramp setting.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Variations in sediment facies and organic matter and trace element contents largely reflect changes in Permian sea level. Changes in sea level in basin-margin areas, such as represented by the study section, may have affected the oxidation of settling organic matter, the foci of intersection of upwelling bottom waters with the photic zone, the rate of terrigenous sedimentation, and, ultimately, the overall environment of deposition. Our study suggests that phosphogenesis can occur under lowstand, transgressive, and highstand conditions in marginal areas, assuming water depths sufficient for upwelling to occur. Formation of phosphorite layers under upwelling conditions appears to have been most dependent on a lack of dilution by terrigenous sedimentation and carbonate shoaling. Differences in the geochemistry between two similar environments represented by the upper and lower Phosphoria units are largely attributed to higher rates of diluting terrigenous sediment during deposition of the upper unit. This is consistent with prior interpretations of a more shoreward setting for the upper Phosphoria.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0321","usgsCitation":"Perkins, R.B., McIntyre, B., Hein, J.R., and Piper, D.Z., 2003, Geochemistry of Permian rocks from the margins of the Phosphoria Basin: Lakeridge core, western Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-21, iv, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0321.","productDescription":"iv, 60 p.","numberOfPages":"65","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0321.jpg"},{"id":4514,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0021/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285235,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0021/pdf/of03-21.pdf"},{"id":393796,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54231.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.475,\n              42.4833\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.4625,\n              42.4833\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.4625,\n              42.4917\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.475,\n              42.4917\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.475,\n              42.4833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae46f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, Robert B.","contributorId":106954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntyre, Brandie","contributorId":37796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"Brandie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hein, James R. 0000-0002-5321-899X jhein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":2828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":243765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piper, David Z. dzpiper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piper","given":"David","email":"dzpiper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":50866,"text":"ofr0315 - 2003 - A Rapid Array Mobilization Procedure (RAMP) agreement for the central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:29","indexId":"ofr0315","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-15","title":"A Rapid Array Mobilization Procedure (RAMP) agreement for the central United States","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0315","usgsCitation":"Bodin, P., Pavlis, G., Schweig, E., and Gomberg, J., 2003, A Rapid Array Mobilization Procedure (RAMP) agreement for the central United States (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-15, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0315.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4635,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-015","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4965e4b0b290850ef1f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodin, Paul","contributorId":104142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodin","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlis, Gary","contributorId":101319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlis","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schweig, Eugene","contributorId":21942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schweig","given":"Eugene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gomberg, Joan","contributorId":77919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":50513,"text":"ofr02335 - 2003 - Economic drivers of mineral supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:16","indexId":"ofr02335","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-335","title":"Economic drivers of mineral supply","docAbstract":"The debate over the adequacy of future supplies of mineral resources continues in light of the\r\ngrowing use of mineral-based materials in the United States. According to the U.S. Geological\r\nSurvey, the quantity of new materials utilized each year has dramatically increased from 161\r\nmillion tons2 in 1900 to 3.2 billion tons in 2000. Of all the materials used during the 20th\r\ncentury in the United States, more than half were used in the last 25 years.\r\nWith the Earth?s endowment of natural resources remaining constant, and increased demand for\r\nresources, economic theory states that as depletion approaches, prices rise. This study shows\r\nthat many economic drivers (conditions that create an economic incentive for producers to act in\r\na particular way) such as the impact of globalization, technological improvements, productivity\r\nincreases, and efficient materials usage are at work simultaneously to impact minerals markets and supply. As a result of these economic drivers, the historical price trend of mineral prices3 in\r\nconstant dollars has declined as demand has risen. When price is measured by the cost in human\r\neffort, the price trend also has been almost steadily downward.\r\nAlthough the United States economy continues its increasing mineral consumption trend, the\r\nsupply of minerals has been able to keep pace. This study shows that in general supply has\r\ngrown faster than demand, causing a declining trend in mineral prices.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02335","usgsCitation":"Wagner, L.A., Sullivan, D.E., and Sznopek, J.L., 2003, Economic drivers of mineral supply (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-335, p. 274, illus., 65 refs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02335.","productDescription":"p. 274, illus., 65 refs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4326,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-335/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625b0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Lorie A.","contributorId":95457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Lorie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sullivan, Daniel E.","contributorId":62198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sznopek, John L.","contributorId":23936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sznopek","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":50580,"text":"ofr2002483 - 2003 - Map and digital database of sedimentary basins and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":50580,"text":"ofr2002483 - 2003 - Map and digital database of sedimentary basins and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province","indexId":"ofr2002483","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Map and digital database of sedimentary basins and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":69768,"text":"mf2428 - 2003 - Maps showing sedimentary basins, surface thermal maturity, and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province","indexId":"mf2428","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Maps showing sedimentary basins, surface thermal maturity, and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":69768,"text":"mf2428 - 2003 - Maps showing sedimentary basins, surface thermal maturity, and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province","indexId":"mf2428","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Maps showing sedimentary basins, surface thermal maturity, and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:10","indexId":"ofr2002483","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-483","title":"Map and digital database of sedimentary basins and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province","docAbstract":"This database and accompanying text depict historical and modern reported \r\n\r\n      occurrences of petroleum both in wells and at the surface within the \r\n\r\n      boundaries of the Central Alaska Province. These data were compiled from \r\n\r\n      previously published and unpublished sources and were prepared for use in \r\n\r\n      the 2002 U.S. Geological Survey petroleum assessment of Central Alaska, \r\n\r\n      Yukon Flats region. Indications of petroleum are described as oil or gas \r\n\r\n      shows in wells, oil or gas seeps, or outcrops of oil shale or oil-bearing \r\n\r\n      rock and include confirmed and unconfirmed reports. The scale of the \r\n\r\n      source map limits the spatial resolution (scale) of the database to \r\n\r\n      1:2,500,000 or smaller. \r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr2002483","usgsCitation":"Troutman, S.M., and Stanley, R.G., 2003, Map and digital database of sedimentary basins and indications of petroleum in the Central Alaska Province: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-483, 1 map, 66 by 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2002483.","productDescription":"1 map, 66 by 36 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110382,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54257.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"54257"},{"id":176227,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8869,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-483/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168.2405,58.5998 ], [ -168.2405,68.1017 ], [ -138.8511,68.1017 ], [ -138.8511,58.5998 ], [ -168.2405,58.5998 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8ee4b07f02db6548c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Troutman, Sandra M.","contributorId":46601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troutman","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53199,"text":"ofr2003288 - 2003 - The Role of stocking in the reestablishment and augmentation of native fish in the Lower Colorado River mainstream (1998-2002)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T15:18:51","indexId":"ofr2003288","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-288","title":"The Role of stocking in the reestablishment and augmentation of native fish in the Lower Colorado River mainstream (1998-2002)","docAbstract":"<p>The Colorado River has experienced dramatic physical and biological change. Rated as the fifth largest river in the USA by volume, today its waters seldom reach the sea. Water diversions gradually reduce its flow to a point where its last remaining waters are diverted at Morales Dam leaving nearly 100 km of historic channel dry. In contrast, lower basin storage reservoirs cover 36% of the historic channel. Remaining portions of the flowing river have been channelized and straightened to a point where it now resembles a large canal. Levees, mechanical dredging, and the natural forces of erosion have degraded the river channel nearly 2 m in some locations, isolating it from its floodplain and affecting local water tables. The river no longer functions as a natural stream system characteristic of spring run-off, summer spates, and droughts. Today it serves as a water storage and conveyance system to meet human needs.</p>\n<p>Physical change has been severe, but not as devastating as the biological pollution. More than 80 nonnative fish species have been introduced to the lower basin. Today, over 20 fish species have established, many forming economically important sport fisheries. As these alien species expanded their range, native communities rapidly declined and disappeared from much of their historic range. By 1930, most had become rare. The last remnant populations of bonytail, razorback sucker, and Colorado pikeminnow in the lower basin were taken downstream of Davis Dam during the 1960&rsquo;s and 1970&rsquo;s. Today, Colorado pikeminnow, and it appears, wild bonytail are extirpated downstream of Glen Canyon Dam, and wild razorback suckers are extremely rare. The Colorado River and its fish assemblage is a totally different ecosystem than it was a century ago.</p>\n<p>State and federal agencies have been attempting to reestablish native communities for nearly three decades. More than 12 million razorback suckers, most of them small, were stocked between 1981 and 1991. Few of these fish survived and during the past decade managers have switched to stocking larger suckers to improve survival. Since 1995, nearly 18,000 bonytail and 30,000 large razorback suckers have been stocked in Lake Havasu. There was also a single stocking (611) of flannelmouth suckers in 1976. These programs have produced mixed results. The single introduction of flannelmouth sucker has resulted in a thriving community, estimated at more than 4,000 fish. This success spirited hopes by many that other natives would respond similarly but unfortunately, that has not occurred.</p>\n<p>Initial stocking returns suggest that stocking survival of bonytail and razorback sucker is relatively poor (&lt;12%) and the absence of any detectable recruitment indicates present reintroduction efforts are falling short of anticipated survival or potential recovery. In contrast, the single introduction of wild flannelmouth sucker, out-performed millions of hatchery produced razorback sucker. This suggests hatchery reared fish may be inferior to wild fish in terms of survival skills, which has been found to be the case for terrestrial animal introductions. A review of culturing, stocking, and repatriation techniques is warranted which examines ways to better prepare fish to convert to natural foods, recognize predators, and be physically conditioned to cope with currents and hopefully avoid or escape predators.</p>\n<p>Comparison of flannelmouth sucker success and the razorback sucker&rsquo;s failure provides compelling evidence that helps explain the dramatic physical habitat changes that have occurred and the possible role of habitat selection and predator communities. It mimics conditions observed in portions of the upper basin where flannelmouth suckers are still common but razorback suckers have been extirpated. Both sucker species are successfully spawning in the lower basin, however, recruitment can only be detected for flannelmouth. Habitat preference and associated predation pressure of those habitats appear to be the primary factors responsible for recruitment. Flannelmouth suckers prefer channel habitat that supports a fraction of the predators found in off-channel habitats where razorback suckers reside. The dependence of razorback sucker young on slack water habitat puts the species at a much higher predation risk.</p>\n<p>Through a process of trial and error during the past two decades, managers are now stocking large natives to increase their survival. Small native fish simply have not survived. While this improves short-term stocking survival, it ignores or at least delays dealing with the predation issue. Current stocking programs have reestablished or augmented relatively small populations of bonytail, razorback, and flannelmouth suckers between Davis and Parker Dams. All three species are better off than they were a decade ago in this section of the river. Unfortunately, bonytail and razorback sucker will only maintain a presence in the Colorado River main stem through continued stocking and it remains to be seen if management agencies will make that long-term commitment.</p>\n<p>While the gains for the bonytail and razorback sucker have been difficult, the successful reintroduction of flannelmouth sucker highlights the ecological changes that have taken place and suggests this, and possibly other channel oriented species (i.e., Gila robusta) could be established. In contrast, there is no evidence to suggest we can expect similar recruitment or expansions for bonytail and razorback sucker. Their dependence on slack water habitat leaves their young vulnerable to overwhelming predation.</p>\n<p>Recovery in the main stem will only be accomplished with a dramatic decrease and possibly a total removal of nonnative species. After ten years and over $6 million in expenditures to remove nonnative fish it appears this philosophy is neither technically nor politically viable. In the meantime, stocking is the only alternative available to insure these species don&rsquo;t disappear. The only viable option appears the creation and maintenance of small, isolated refuge communities where these species have shown they can produce young.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003288","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, Arizona State University, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and California Fish and Game Department","usgsCitation":"Mueller, G., 2003, The Role of stocking in the reestablishment and augmentation of native fish in the Lower Colorado River mainstream (1998-2002): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-288, vi, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003288.","productDescription":"vi, 43 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177921,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr2003288.PNG"},{"id":320295,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0288/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.60937499999999,\n              35.263561862152095\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60662841796875,\n              35.14237113713991\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6697998046875,\n              35.10193405724606\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.63409423828125,\n              35.068221159859256\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6533203125,\n              35.03224538129597\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6697998046875,\n              34.872411827691025\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.49676513671875,\n              34.687427949314845\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.41436767578124,\n              34.522398580663314\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.43634033203125,\n              34.447688696497444\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.17816162109375,\n              34.29579932143427\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3402099609375,\n              34.15499986715356\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3017578125,\n              34.125447565116126\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.1094970703125,\n              34.261756524459805\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.0765380859375,\n              34.30714385628804\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.32373046875,\n              34.4793919710481\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.35943603515625,\n              34.54049998801135\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.40887451171875,\n              34.617387052407175\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.45281982421875,\n              34.732584206123626\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.49676513671875,\n              34.856636719051735\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60113525390625,\n              34.89043681762452\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.58740234375,\n              35.05698043137265\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.55169677734375,\n              35.11766197360177\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.54620361328125,\n              35.22767235493586\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.56268310546874,\n              35.26580442886754\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60937499999999,\n              35.263561862152095\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ac4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, Gordon","contributorId":7729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53273,"text":"ofr2003222 - 2003 - Reconnaissance-level application of physical habitat simulation in the evaluation of physical habitat limits in the Animas Basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T11:17:50","indexId":"ofr2003222","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-222","title":"Reconnaissance-level application of physical habitat simulation in the evaluation of physical habitat limits in the Animas Basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>The Animas River is in southwestern Colorado and flows mostly to the south to join the San Juan River at Farmington, New Mexico (Figure 1). The Upper Animas River watershed is in San Juan County, Colorado and is located in the San Juan Mountains. The lower river is in the Colorado Plateau country. The winters are cold with considerable snowfall and little snowmelt in the mountains in the upper part of the basin. The lower basin has less snow but the winters are still cold. The streamflows during the winter are low and reasonably stable.</p>\n<p>The native trout in the Animas Basin is the cutthroat trout. Few native trout remain and the trout found in the upper watershed are brook trout with rainbow and brown trout in the lower river. There is considerable metal contamination in the upper basin near Silverton but a brook trout fishery does exist in the Animas River from just above Howardsville to where the Animas joins Cement Creek in Silverton.</p>\n<p>There are two principle objectives of the habitat studies in the Animas Basin: (1) to improve understanding of the fate of sediment from mining operations from the view point of physical habitat impacts, and (2) to determine if reconnaissance level physical habitat studies can be useful in understanding the impacts of mining on the aquatic ecosystem.</p>\n<p>Part of the project was to apply the Physical Habitat Simulation System (PHABSIM) to selected locations in the Upper Animas River Basin, Colorado in order to demonstrate the importance of physical habitat in evaluating the efficacy of mined land remediation activities. Physical habitat analysis included the use of sedimentation variables in physical habitat simulations. A map of the Upper Animas Basin is presented in Figure 2.</p>\n<p>The project involves collecting data for the following locations: Animas River above Magee Creek; Animas River above Howardsville; Animas River below Howardsville; Animas River above Silverton at Hillsdale Cemetery; Animas River at Silverton; Cement Creek above Silverton; Cement Creek at Silverton; Mineral Creek at Powerline above Silverton; Mineral Creek at Campground; South Mineral Creek at Overflow Campground; Mineral Creek above Bear Creek; Mineral Creek at Silverton; Animas River below Silverton; and Animas River at Elk Park.</p>\n<p>Bed material samples were collected at each site. These included samples of the armour, the substrate, and sand and fines deposited on the surface. At selected sites the stream morphology was measured. These measurements included one to three cross sections, stream discharge, and water surface elevations. The data are located in the files of the Fort Collins Science Center.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003222","usgsCitation":"Milhous, R.T., 2003, Reconnaissance-level application of physical habitat simulation in the evaluation of physical habitat limits in the Animas Basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-222, v, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003222.","productDescription":"v, 16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177987,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr2003222.PNG"},{"id":320296,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0222/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Animas River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.21807861328125,\n              36.697053200100335\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.940673828125,\n              36.82247761166621\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.74566650390625,\n              37.2587521486561\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.53692626953125,\n              37.861844098370945\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.611083984375,\n              37.93553306183642\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.82257080078125,\n              37.85750715625203\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.99835205078124,\n              37.54022177661216\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.03131103515625,\n              37.24782120155428\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.0670166015625,\n              37.00035919622158\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.21807861328125,\n              36.697053200100335\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db623b5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milhous, Robert T.","contributorId":28646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51954,"text":"ofr0354 - 2003 - U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Science Program: 2002 Biennial Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-06T13:59:38.599699","indexId":"ofr0354","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"03-54","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Science Program: 2002 Biennial Report","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts scientific investigations in south Florida to improve society’s understanding of the environment and assist in the sustainable use, protection, and restoration of the Everglades and other ecosystems within the region. The investigations summarized in this document have been carried out under the Greater Everglades Science Program (previously known as the South Florida Ecosystem Program), which is part of the USGS Place-Based Studies initiative.</p><p>The USGS Placed-Based Studies initiative is a nationwide program that concentrates on areas with severe environmental problems. Through interdisciplinary investigations the Program provides sound scientific information on which to base informed resource management decisions. Individuals from all the USGS programs (hydrology, geology, biology, mapping) work together with other scientists to cover the diverse scientific disciplines involved in this complex and challenging task. The Greater Everglades Science Program began in 1995 as one of the initial Place-Based Studies programs and serves as a model for similar future collaborative studies. Placed-Based Studies are also being conducted in the San Francisco Bay area, Chesapeake Bay, the Platte River, Greater Yellowstone, Salton Sea, and the Mojave Desert.</p><p>The South Florida Ecosystem Program is part of a coordinated federal effort, under the South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force. The Task Force was started in 1993, through interagency agreement, to coordinate the efforts of the agencies within six federal departments. In 1996, statutory authority formalized the Task Force and expanded it to include tribal, state, and local governments. The Task Force conducts its activities through the South Florida Ecosystem Working Group and teams, such as the Science Coordination Team. A Science Plan and Integrated Financial Plans are established to focus efforts and prevent duplicative efforts by the agencies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0354","usgsCitation":"Torres, A.E., Higer, A.L., Henkel, H., Mixson, P.R., Eggleston, J., Embry, T.L., and Clement, G., 2003, U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Science Program: 2002 Biennial Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-54, 291 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0354.","productDescription":"291 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4503,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0054/ofr03-54.pdf","text":"Report","size":"78.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 03-54"},{"id":179089,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0054/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cfwsc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cfwsc\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613a90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torres, Arturo E. aetorres@usgs.gov","contributorId":1397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"Arturo","email":"aetorres@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":244527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higer, Aaron L.","contributorId":52163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higer","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henkel, Heather S. hhenkel@usgs.gov","contributorId":2869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henkel","given":"Heather S.","email":"hhenkel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":244528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mixson, Patsy R.","contributorId":79550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mixson","given":"Patsy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eggleston, Jane R.","contributorId":48956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"Jane R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Embry, Teresa L.","contributorId":61503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embry","given":"Teresa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clement, Gail","contributorId":84000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clement","given":"Gail","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":53655,"text":"ofr2003444 - 2003 - Wilderness experience in Rocky Mountain National Park 2002; report to respondents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-06T13:06:03.759245","indexId":"ofr2003444","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-444","title":"Wilderness experience in Rocky Mountain National Park 2002; report to respondents","docAbstract":"<p>A substantial amount of backcountry (about 250,000 acres) in Rocky Mountain National Park [RMNP of the Park] may be designated as wilderness areas in the coming years. Currently, over 3 million visitors drives through the park on Trail Ridge Road, camp in designated campgrounds, day hike, etc. each year. Many of those visitors also report using the backcountry-wilderness areas that are not easily accessible by roads or trails. Use of the backcountry is growing at RMNP and is accompanied by changing visitor expectations and preferences for wilderness management. For these reasons it is of great importance for the Park to periodically assess what types of environments and conditions wilderness users seek to facilitate a quality experience.</p><p> To assist in this effort, the Political Analysis and Science Assistance [PSAS] program / Fort Collins Center / U.S. Geological Survey, in close collaboration with personnel and volunteers from RMNP, as well as the Natural Resource Recreation and Tourism [NRRT] Department at Colorado State University, launched a research effort in the summer of 2002 to investigate visitors wilderness experiences in the Park. </p><p>Specifically, the purpose of this research was: (1) To determine what constitutes a wilderness experience; (2) To identify important places, visual features, and sounds essential to a quality wilderness experience and; (3) To determine what aspects may detract from wilderness experience. Thus, answers to these questions should provide insight for Park managers about visitors expectation for wilderness recreation and the conditions they seek for quality wilderness experiences. Ultimately, this information can be used to support wilderness management decisions within RMNP. </p><p>The social science technique of Visitor Employed Photography [VEP] was used to obtain information from visitors about wilderness experiences. Visitors were selected at random from Park-designated wilderness trails, in proportion to their use, and asked to participate in the survey. Respondents were given single use, 10-exposure cameras and photo-log diaries to record experiences. A total of 293 cameras were distributed, with a response rate of 87%. Following the development of the photos, a copy of the photos, two pertinent pages from the photo-log, and a follow-up survey were mailed to respondents. Fifty-six percent of the follow-up surveys were returned. Findings from the two surveys were analyzed and compared.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003444","usgsCitation":"Schuster, E., Johnson, S.S., and Taylor, J.G., 2003, Wilderness experience in Rocky Mountain National Park 2002; report to respondents: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-444, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003444.","productDescription":"32 p.","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490188,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0444/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":175093,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0444/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cae4b07f02db5d7b41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuster, Elke","contributorId":63462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Elke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, S. Shea","contributorId":93122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Shea","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Jonathan G.","contributorId":37378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53727,"text":"ofr2003476 - 2003 - Effects of channel modification on fish habitat in the upper Yellowstone River: Final report to the USACE, Omaha","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T11:31:18","indexId":"ofr2003476","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-476","title":"Effects of channel modification on fish habitat in the upper Yellowstone River: Final report to the USACE, Omaha","docAbstract":"<p>A two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation model was coupled with a geographic information system (GIS) to produce a variety of habitat classification maps for three study reaches in the upper Yellowstone River basin in Montana. Data from these maps were used to examine potential effects of channel modification on shallow, slow current velocity (SSCV) habitats that are important refugia and nursery areas for young salmonids. At low flows, channel modifications were found to contribute additional SSCV habitat, but this contribution was negligible at higher discharges. During runoff, when young salmonids are most vulnerable to downstream displacement, the largest areas of SSCV habitat occurred in side channels, point bars, and overbank areas. Because of the diversity of elevations in the existing Yellowstone River, SSCV habitat tends to be available over a wide range of discharges. Based on simulations in modified and unmodified sub-reaches, channel simplification results in decreased availability of SSCV habitat, particularly during runoff. The combined results of the fish population and fish habitat studies present strong evidence that during runoff, SSCV habitat is most abundant in side channel and overbank areas and that juvenile salmonids use these habitats as refugia. Channel modifications that result in reduced availability of side channel and overbank habitats, particularly during runoff, will probably cause local reductions in juvenile abundances during the runoff period. Effects of reduced juvenile abundances during runoff on adult numbers later in the year will depend on (1) the extent of channel modification, (2) patterns of fish displacement and movement, (3) longitudinal connectivity between reaches that contain refugia and those that do not, and (4) the relative importance of other limiting factors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003476","usgsCitation":"Bowen, Z.H., Bovee, K.D., and Waddle, T.J., 2003, Effects of channel modification on fish habitat in the upper Yellowstone River: Final report to the USACE, Omaha: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-476, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003476.","productDescription":"80 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179438,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr2003476.PNG"},{"id":320297,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0476/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Park County","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.74905395507812,\n              45.32704768567264\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.61721801757812,\n              45.41966030640988\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.54855346679686,\n              45.596743928454124\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.49636840820312,\n              45.69850658738848\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.52932739257812,\n              45.71097418682748\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.59112548828125,\n              45.64092778836502\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.60623168945312,\n              45.55444852652113\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.64468383789062,\n              45.487094732298374\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.65704345703124,\n              45.433153642271414\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.69549560546874,\n              45.42737117898911\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.77239990234375,\n              45.346354488594436\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.74905395507812,\n              45.32704768567264\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2fe4b07f02db61629c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Zachary H. 0000-0002-8656-1831 bowenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1831","contributorId":821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Zachary","email":"bowenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bovee, Ken D.","contributorId":100447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bovee","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waddle, Terry J.","contributorId":43430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53710,"text":"ofr0345 - 2003 - Mineral Commodity Profiles -- Rubidium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr0345","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-45","title":"Mineral Commodity Profiles -- Rubidium","docAbstract":"Overview -- Rubidium is a soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that melts at 39.3 ?C. One of the alkali metals, it is positioned in group 1 (or IA) of the periodic table between potassium and cesium. Naturally occurring rubidium is slightly radioactive. Rubidium is an extremely reactive metal--it ignites spontaneously in the presence of air and decomposes water explosively, igniting the liberated hydrogen. Because of its reactivity, the metal and several of its compounds are hazardous materials, and must be stored and transported in isolation from possible reactants. Although rubidium is more abundant in the earth?s crust than copper, lead, or zinc, it forms no minerals of its own, and is, or has been, produced in small quantities as a byproduct of the processing of cesium and lithium ores taken from a few small deposits in Canada, Namibia, and Zambia. In the United States, the metal and its compounds are produced from imported raw materials by at least one company, the Cabot Corporation (Cabot, 2003). \r\n\r\nRubidium is used interchangeably or together with cesium in many uses. Its principal application is in specialty glasses used in fiber optic telecommunication systems. Rubidium?s photoemissive properties have led to its use in night-vision devices, photoelectric cells, and photomultiplier tubes. It has several uses in medical science, such as in positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging, the treatment of epilepsy, and the ultracentrifugal separation of nucleic acids and viruses. A dozen or more other uses are known, which include use as a cocatalyst for several organic reactions and in frequency reference oscillators for telecommunications network synchronization. \r\n\r\nThe market for rubidium is extremely small, amounting to 1 to 2 metric tons per year (t/yr) in the United States. World resources are vast compared with demand.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0345","usgsCitation":"Butterman, W., and Reese, R., 2003, Mineral Commodity Profiles -- Rubidium (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-45, 11 p.; online only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0345.","productDescription":"11 p.; online only","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5052,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6356fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterman, W. C.","contributorId":13679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterman","given":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reese, R.G. Jr.","contributorId":63466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"R.G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53716,"text":"ofr03500 - 2003 - Using Logistic Regression To Predict the Probability of Debris Flows Occurring in Areas Recently Burned By Wildland Fires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:35","indexId":"ofr03500","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-500","title":"Using Logistic Regression To Predict the Probability of Debris Flows Occurring in Areas Recently Burned By Wildland Fires","docAbstract":"Logistic regression was used to predict the probability of debris flows occurring in areas recently burned by wildland fires. Multiple logistic regression is conceptually similar to multiple linear regression because statistical relations between one dependent variable and several independent variables are evaluated. In logistic regression, however, the dependent variable is transformed to a binary variable (debris flow did or did not occur), and the actual probability of the debris flow occurring is statistically modeled. Data from 399 basins located within 15 wildland fires that burned during 2000-2002 in Colorado, Idaho, Montana, and New Mexico were evaluated. More than 35 independent variables describing the burn severity, geology, land surface gradient, rainfall, and soil properties were evaluated. The models were developed as follows: (1) Basins that did and did not produce debris flows were delineated from National Elevation Data using a Geographic Information System (GIS). (2) Data describing the burn severity, geology, land surface gradient, rainfall, and soil properties were determined for each basin. These data were then downloaded to a statistics software package for analysis using logistic regression. (3) Relations between the occurrence/non-occurrence of debris flows and burn severity, geology, land surface gradient, rainfall, and soil properties were evaluated and several preliminary multivariate logistic regression models were constructed. All possible combinations of independent variables were evaluated to determine which combination produced the most effective model. The multivariate model that best predicted the occurrence of debris flows was selected. (4) The multivariate logistic regression model was entered into a GIS, and a map showing the probability of debris flows was constructed. The most effective model incorporates the percentage of each basin with slope greater than 30 percent, percentage of land burned at medium and high burn severity in each basin, particle size sorting, average storm intensity (millimeters per hour), soil organic matter content, soil permeability, and soil drainage. The results of this study demonstrate that logistic regression is a valuable tool for predicting the probability of debris flows occurring in recently-burned landscapes.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03500","usgsCitation":"Rupert, M.G., Cannon, S.H., and Gartner, J.E., 2003, Using Logistic Regression To Predict the Probability of Debris Flows Occurring in Areas Recently Burned By Wildland Fires: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-500, 1 over-sized sheet, 60 by 35 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03500.","productDescription":"1 over-sized sheet, 60 by 35 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5058,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr03500/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669344","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53681,"text":"ofr03348 - 2003 - Flow Velocity, Water Temperature, and Conductivity in Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park, Florida: August 2001-June 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:25","indexId":"ofr03348","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-348","title":"Flow Velocity, Water Temperature, and Conductivity in Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park, Florida: August 2001-June 2002","docAbstract":"The data-collection effort described in this report is in support of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Place-Based Studies project investigating 'Forcing Effects on Flow Structure in Vegetated Wetlands of the Everglades.' Data collected at four locations in Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park, during the 2001-2002 wet season are documented in the report and methods used to process the data are described. Daily mean flow velocities, water temperatures, and specific conductance values are presented in the appendices of the report. The quality-checked and edited data have been compiled and stored on the USGS South Florida Information Access (SOFIA) website http://sofia.usgs.gov.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03348","usgsCitation":"Riscassi, A.L., and Schaffranek, R.W., 2003, Flow Velocity, Water Temperature, and Conductivity in Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park, Florida: August 2001-June 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-348, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03348.","productDescription":"45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5000,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03348/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":178755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df6b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riscassi, Ami L.","contributorId":24399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riscassi","given":"Ami","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaffranek, Raymond W.","contributorId":86314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffranek","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51536,"text":"ofr03201 - 2003 - Sequence-Stratigraphic Analysis of the Regional Observation Monitoring Program (ROMP) 29A Test Corehole and Its Relation to Carbonate Porosity and Regional Transmissivity in the Floridan Aquifer System, Highlands County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:13","indexId":"ofr03201","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-201","title":"Sequence-Stratigraphic Analysis of the Regional Observation Monitoring Program (ROMP) 29A Test Corehole and Its Relation to Carbonate Porosity and Regional Transmissivity in the Floridan Aquifer System, Highlands County, Florida","docAbstract":"An analysis was made to describe and interpret the lithology of a part of the Upper Floridan aquifer penetrated by the Regional Observation Monitoring Program (ROMP) 29A test corehole in Highlands County, Florida. This information was integrated into a one-dimensional hydrostratigraphic model that delineates candidate flow zones and confining units in the context of sequence stratigraphy. Results from this test corehole will serve as a starting point to build a robust three-dimensional sequence-stratigraphic framework of the Floridan aquifer system. \r\n\r\nThe ROMP 29A test corehole penetrated the Avon Park Formation, Ocala Limestone, Suwannee Limestone, and Hawthorn Group of middle Eocene to Pliocene age. The part of the Avon Park Formation penetrated in the ROMP 29A test corehole contains two composite depositional sequences. A transgressive systems tract and a highstand systems tract were interpreted for the upper composite sequence; however, only a highstand systems tract was interpreted for the lower composite sequence of the deeper Avon Park stratigraphic section. The composite depositional sequences are composed of at least five high-frequency depositional sequences. These sequences contain high-frequency cycle sets that are an amalgamation of vertically stacked high-frequency cycles. Three types of high-frequency cycles have been identified in the Avon Park Formation: peritidal, shallow subtidal, and deeper subtidal high-frequency cycles. \r\n\r\nThe vertical distribution of carbonate-rock diffuse flow zones within the Avon Park Formation is heterogeneous. Porous vuggy intervals are less than 10 feet, and most are much thinner. The volumetric arrangement of the diffuse flow zones shows that most occur in the highstand systems tract of the lower composite sequence of the Avon Park Formation as compared to the upper composite sequence, which contains both a backstepping transgressive systems tract and a prograding highstand systems tract. Although the porous and permeable layers are not thick, some intervals may exhibit lateral continuity because of their deposition on a broad low-relief ramp. A thick interval of thin vuggy zones and open faults forms thin conduit flow zones mixed with relatively thicker carbonate-rock diffuse flow zones between a depth of 1,070 and 1,244 feet below land surface (bottom of the test corehole). This interval is the most transmissive part of the Avon Park Formation penetrated in the ROMP 29A test corehole and is included in the highstand systems tract of the lower composite sequence. \r\n\r\nThe Ocala Limestone is considered to be a semiconfining unit and contains three depositional sequences penetrated by the ROMP 29A test corehole. Deposited within deeper subtidal depositional cycles, no zones of enhanced porosity and permeability are expected in the Ocala Limestone. A thin erosional remnant of the shallow marine Suwannee Limestone overlies the Ocala Limestone, and permeability seems to be comparatively low because moldic porosity is poorly connected. Rocks that comprise the lower Hawthorn Group, Suwannee Limestone, and Ocala Limestone form a permeable upper zone of the Upper Floridan aquifer, and rocks of the lower Ocala Limestone and Avon Park Formation form a permeable lower zone of the Upper Floridan aquifer. On the basis of a preliminary analysis of transmissivity estimates for wells located north of Lake Okeechobee, spatial relations among groups of relatively high and low transmissivity values within the upper zone are evident. Upper zone transmissivity is generally less than 10,000 feet squared per day in areas located south of a line that extends through Charlotte, Sarasota, DeSoto, Highlands, Polk, Osceola, Okeechobee, and St. Lucie Counties. Transmissivity patterns within the lower zone of the Avon Park Formation cannot be regionally assessed because insufficient data over a wide areal extent have not been compiled.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03201","usgsCitation":"Ward, W.C., Cunningham, K., Renken, R., Wacker, M., and Carlson, J., 2003, Sequence-Stratigraphic Analysis of the Regional Observation Monitoring Program (ROMP) 29A Test Corehole and Its Relation to Carbonate Porosity and Regional Transmissivity in the Floridan Aquifer System, Highlands County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-201, 34 p., plus appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03201.","productDescription":"34 p., plus appendixes","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4553,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03-201/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":176526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b07e4b07f02db69ad80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, W. C.","contributorId":8925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, K.J.","contributorId":39852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Renken, R.A.","contributorId":99161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renken","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wacker, M.A.","contributorId":91168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wacker","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlson, J.I.","contributorId":96344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":53258,"text":"ofr03389 - 2003 - 1992 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River Ground-Water Basin, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T11:52:02","indexId":"ofr03389","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-389","title":"1992 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River Ground-Water Basin, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"This data set consists of digital water-table contours for the Mojave River Basin.  The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Mojave Water Agency, constructed a water-table map of the Mojave River ground-water basin for ground-water levels measured in November 1992.  Water-level data were collected from approximately 300 wells to construct the contours.  The water-table contours were digitized from the paper map which was published at a scale of 1:125,000.  The contour interval ranges from 3,200 to 1,600 feet above sea level.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03389","usgsCitation":"Predmore, S.K., 2003, 1992 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River Ground-Water Basin, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-389, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03389.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4935,"rank":800,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/cont1992.xml"},{"id":174301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.652694,34.364515 ], [ -117.652694,35.081956 ], [ -116.553572,35.081956 ], [ -116.553572,34.364515 ], [ -117.652694,34.364515 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4915e4b0b290850eedf1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Predmore, Steven K. spredmor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Predmore","given":"Steven","email":"spredmor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":247083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":57963,"text":"ofr03468 - 2003 - Geophysical, stratigraphic, and flow-zone logs of selected test, monitor, and water-supply wells in Cayuga County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-04T13:34:29","indexId":"ofr03468","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-468","title":"Geophysical, stratigraphic, and flow-zone logs of selected test, monitor, and water-supply wells in Cayuga County, New York","docAbstract":"<p>Volatile-organic compounds have been detected in water sampled from more than 50 supply wells between the City of Auburn and Village of Union Springs in Cayuga County, New York, and the area was declared a Superfund site in 2002. In 2001-04, geophysical logs were collected from 37 test, monitor, and water-supply wells as a preliminary part of the investigation of volatile-organic compound contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifer system. The geophysical logs included gamma, induction, caliper, wellbore image, deviation, fluid resistivity and temperature, and flowmeter. The geophysical logs were analyzed along with core samples and outcrops of the bedrock to define the stratigraphic units and flow zones penetrated by the wells. This report describes the logging methods used in the study and presents the geophysical, stratigraphic, and flow-zone logs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03468","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Anderson, J., Williams, J., Eckhardt, D., and Miller, T.S., 2003, Geophysical, stratigraphic, and flow-zone logs of selected test, monitor, and water-supply wells in Cayuga County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-468, 10 p., 38 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03468.","productDescription":"10 p., 38 figs.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323360,"rank":32,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0468/pdf/ofr20030468_cy208.pdf","text":"Geophysical, stratigraphic, and flow-zone logs - 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,{"id":57964,"text":"ofr2003316 - 2003 - Global positioning system accuracy and precision at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Grafton County, New Hampshire; a guide to the limits of handheld GPS receivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:12","indexId":"ofr2003316","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-316","title":"Global positioning system accuracy and precision at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Grafton County, New Hampshire; a guide to the limits of handheld GPS receivers","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003316","usgsCitation":"Genova, E., and Barton, C.C., 2003, Global positioning system accuracy and precision at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Grafton County, New Hampshire; a guide to the limits of handheld GPS receivers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-316, CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003316.","productDescription":"CD-ROM","numberOfPages":"127","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674a76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Genova, Ezequiel","contributorId":32607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Genova","given":"Ezequiel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, Christopher C.","contributorId":61901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":58229,"text":"ofr03392 - 2003 - 1998 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River and the Morongo Ground-Water Basins, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T12:38:40","indexId":"ofr03392","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-392","title":"1998 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River and the Morongo Ground-Water Basins, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"This data set consists of digital water-table contours for the Mojave River and the Morongo Ground-Water Basins.  The U.S. Geological Survey constructed a water-table map of the Mojave River and the Morongo Ground-Water Basins for ground-water levels measured during the spring of 1998.  Water-level data were collected from 418 wells to construct the contours.  The water-table contours were digitized from the paper map which was published at a scale of 1:175,512.  The contour interval rangs from 3,400 to 1,500 feet above sea level.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03392","usgsCitation":"Predmore, S.K., 2003, 1998 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River and the Morongo Ground-Water Basins, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-392, vector digital data set, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03392.","productDescription":"vector digital data set","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5812,"rank":800,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/cont1998.xml"},{"id":184038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.712444,34.120678 ], [ -117.712444,35.094483 ], [ -116.206995,35.094483 ], [ -116.206995,34.120678 ], [ -117.712444,34.120678 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4919e4b0b290850eee2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Predmore, Steven K. spredmor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Predmore","given":"Steven","email":"spredmor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58228,"text":"ofr03391 - 2003 - 1996 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River, the Morongo, and the Fort Irwin Ground-Water Basins, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T12:01:39","indexId":"ofr03391","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-391","title":"1996 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River, the Morongo, and the Fort Irwin Ground-Water Basins, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"This data set consists of digital water-table contours for the Mojave River, the Morongo and the Fort Irwin Ground-Water Basins.  The U.S. Geological Survey constructed a water-table map of the Mojave River, the Morongo and the Fort Irwin Ground-Water Basins for ground-water levels measured during the period January-September 1996.  Water-level data were collected from 632 wells to construct the contours.  The water-table contours were digitized from the paper map which was published at a scale of 1:175,512.  The contour interval ranges from 3,400 to 1,550 feet above sea level.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03391","usgsCitation":"Predmore, S.K., 2003, 1996 Water-Table Contours of the Mojave River, the Morongo, and the Fort Irwin Ground-Water Basins, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-391, vector digital data set, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03391.","productDescription":"vector digital data set","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5811,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/cont1996.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.634611,34.109745 ], [ -117.634611,35.315520 ], [ -115.987065,35.315520 ], [ -115.987065,34.109745 ], [ -117.634611,34.109745 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4918e4b0b290850eee17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Predmore, Steven K. spredmor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Predmore","given":"Steven","email":"spredmor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53272,"text":"ofr03273 - 2003 - NOGA Online: a USGS resource for energy GIS data and services","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr03273","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-273","title":"NOGA Online: a USGS resource for energy GIS data and services","docAbstract":"The PowerPoint presentation in this report was given at the BLM Resource Management Tools Conference in Phoenix, Arizona, April, 2003.  Some diagrams that appeared in the original presentation have been updated in this report.  It informs that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Central Energy Resources Team (CERT) in Denver, Colorado, is providing National Oil and Gas Assessment (NOGA) results online at http://energy.cr.usgs.gov/oilgas/noga/.  Available at this site are recently completed assessments of the potential for undiscovered oil and natural gas resources of five priority provinces (Montana Thrust Belt, Powder River Basin, San Juan Basin, Southwestern Wyoming, Uinta-Piceance) to meet the requirements of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 2000 (EPCA 2000).  High demand for current assessment results and for the entirely digital, 1995 NOGA results for other provinces, prompted CERT to develop an internet map application using ArcIMS to deliver geologic data to the public.  CERT continues to work on assessing oil and natural gas resources of priority basins in the United States; assessment results and GIS layers are made available at this site on an ongoing basis.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03273","usgsCitation":"Biewick, L., and Gunther, G.L., 2003, NOGA Online: a USGS resource for energy GIS data and services: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-273, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03273.","productDescription":"47 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4978,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/273/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4938","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biewick, Laura","contributorId":83148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biewick","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gunther, Greg L.","contributorId":52654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunther","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51544,"text":"ofr03179 - 2003 - Hurricane Mitch: impacts of bioturbating crustaceans in shrimp ponds and adjacent estuaries of coastal Nicaragua","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:34","indexId":"ofr03179","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-179","title":"Hurricane Mitch: impacts of bioturbating crustaceans in shrimp ponds and adjacent estuaries of coastal Nicaragua","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03179","usgsCitation":"Felder, D., Nates, S., and Robles, R., 2003, Hurricane Mitch: impacts of bioturbating crustaceans in shrimp ponds and adjacent estuaries of coastal Nicaragua: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-179, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03179.","productDescription":"47 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4561,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nwrc.usgs.gov/hurricane/mitch/NicAllFinalReport.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a3e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Felder, D.L.","contributorId":105350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felder","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nates, S.F.","contributorId":61898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nates","given":"S.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robles, R.R.","contributorId":38219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robles","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":51541,"text":"ofr03182 - 2003 - Hurricane Mitch: acute impacts on mangrove forest structure and an evaluation of recovery trajectories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:34","indexId":"ofr03182","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-182","title":"Hurricane Mitch: acute impacts on mangrove forest structure and an evaluation of recovery trajectories","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03182","usgsCitation":"Hensel, P., and Proffitt, C.E., 2003, Hurricane Mitch: acute impacts on mangrove forest structure and an evaluation of recovery trajectories: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-182, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03182.","productDescription":"77 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4558,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nwrc.usgs.gov/hurricane/mitch/forstructexecsumfinalrevise.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a3ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hensel, Philippe","contributorId":26009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensel","given":"Philippe","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Proffitt, C. Edward 0000-0002-0845-8441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8441","contributorId":93568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51543,"text":"ofr03180 - 2003 - Impacts of Hurricane Mitch on water quality and sediments of Lake Izabal, Guatemala","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:34","indexId":"ofr03180","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-180","title":"Impacts of Hurricane Mitch on water quality and sediments of Lake Izabal, Guatemala","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03180","usgsCitation":"Michot, T.C., Boustany, R., Arrivillaga, A., and Perez, B., 2003, Impacts of Hurricane Mitch on water quality and sediments of Lake Izabal, Guatemala: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-180, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03180.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4560,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nwrc.usgs.gov/hurricane/mitch/mckee%20rpt100702.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a05e4b07f02db5f8685","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michot, Thomas C. 0000-0002-7044-987X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-987X","contributorId":57935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michot","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boustany, Ronald G.","contributorId":55896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boustany","given":"Ronald G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arrivillaga, Alexandro","contributorId":37004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arrivillaga","given":"Alexandro","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perez, Brian","contributorId":77224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":51528,"text":"ofr03264 - 2003 - Saturation overland flow estimated from TOPMODEL for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:13","indexId":"ofr03264","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-264","title":"Saturation overland flow estimated from TOPMODEL for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"This 5-kilometer resolution raster (grid) dataset for the conterminous United States represents the average percentage of saturation overland flow in total streamflow estimated by the watershed model TOPMODEL. Saturation overland flow is simulated in TOPMODEL as precipitation that falls on saturated land-surface areas and enters the stream channel.\r\n\r\nTOPMODEL was applied to 5- by 5-kilometer areas across the conterminous United States using national climate, soils, and terrain GIS datasets. The model was run for 1,000 days for each 5- by 5-kilometer area. The average percentage of saturation overland flow in total streamflow was computed for the 1,000-day simulation in each grid cell.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03264","usgsCitation":"Wolock, D.M., 2003, Saturation overland flow estimated from TOPMODEL for the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-264, raster digital data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03264.","productDescription":"raster digital data","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4548,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?satof48","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":176328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdba9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51955,"text":"ofr20039 - 2003 - Annotated Bibliography of Water-Related Information and Studies, Acadian-Pontchartrain Study Unit, Louisiana, 1863-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:11","indexId":"ofr20039","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-9","title":"Annotated Bibliography of Water-Related Information and Studies, Acadian-Pontchartrain Study Unit, Louisiana, 1863-2000","docAbstract":"The mission of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program is to describe the status and trends in the quality of a large, representative part of the nation's surface- and ground-water resources and to improve understanding of the primary natural and human factors affecting the quality of these resources.  This report is a collection of 1,364 bibliographic references to water-related information and studies that are pertinent to these goals in the Acadian-Ponchartrain Study Unit of the National Water-\r\nQuality Assessment Program  This study unit includes all or parts of 39 parishes in southern Louisiana and 5 counties in southwestern Mississippi.  These references encompass a large range of subjects, including aquatic biology, climate, geology, land use, liminology, salinity, sedimentation, subsidence, surface-and ground-water hydrology, urban runoff, water chemistry, and water use and management.  Publication dates for references range from 1863 through 2000.  Whenever possible, an abstract is included in addition to the bibliographic information.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20039","usgsCitation":"Grimsley, K.J., and D’Arconte, P.J., 2003, Annotated Bibliography of Water-Related Information and Studies, Acadian-Pontchartrain Study Unit, Louisiana, 1863-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-9, v, 249 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20039.","productDescription":"v, 249 p.","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94,29 ], [ -94,33 ], [ -88,33 ], [ -88,29 ], [ -94,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67beee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grimsley, Kevin J. kjgrims@usgs.gov","contributorId":4245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimsley","given":"Kevin","email":"kjgrims@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":244534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Arconte, Patricia J.","contributorId":104942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Arconte","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51952,"text":"ofr200378 - 2003 - User Guide to RockJock - A Program for Determining Quantitative Mineralogy from X-Ray Diffraction Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:31","indexId":"ofr200378","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-78","title":"User Guide to RockJock - A Program for Determining Quantitative Mineralogy from X-Ray Diffraction Data","docAbstract":"RockJock is a computer program that determines quantitative mineralogy in powdered samples by comparing the integrated X-ray diffraction (XRD) intensities of individual minerals in complex mixtures to the intensities of an internal standard. Analysis without an internal standard (standardless analysis) also is an option. This manual discusses how to prepare and X-ray samples and mineral standards for these types of analyses and describes the operation of the program. Carefully weighed samples containing an internal standard (zincite) are ground in a McCrone mill. Randomly oriented preparations then are X-rayed, and the X-ray data are entered into the RockJock program. Minerals likely to be present in the sample are chosen from a list of standards, and the calculation is begun. The program then automatically fits the sum of stored XRD patterns of pure standard minerals (the calculated pattern) to the measured pattern by varying the fraction of each mineral standard pattern, using the Solver function in Microsoft Excel to minimize a degree of fit parameter between the calculated and measured pattern. The calculation analyzes the pattern (usually 20 to 65 degrees two-theta) to find integrated intensities for the minerals. Integrated intensities for each mineral then are determined from the proportion of each mineral standard pattern required to give the best fit. These integrated intensities then are compared to the integrated intensity of the internal standard, and the weight percentages of the minerals are calculated. The results are presented as a list of minerals with their corresponding weight percent. To some extent, the quality of the analysis can be checked because each mineral is analyzed independently, and, therefore, the sum of the analysis should approach 100 percent. Also, the method has been shown to give good results with artificial mixtures. The program is easy to use, but does require an understanding of mineralogy, of X-ray diffraction practice, and an elementary knowledge of the Excel program.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr200378","usgsCitation":"Eberl, D.D., 2003, User Guide to RockJock - A Program for Determining Quantitative Mineralogy from X-Ray Diffraction Data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-78, Report: vi, 47 p.; FTP Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr200378.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 47 p.; FTP Directory","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12453,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-078/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a0e4b07f02db5bde6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}