This study was done to improve the understanding of trends in streamflow of the San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona. Annual streamflow of the river at Charleston, Arizona, has decreased by more than 50 percent during the 20th century. The San Pedro River is one of the few remaining free-flowing perennial streams in the arid Southwestern United States, and the riparian forest along the river supports several endangered species and is an important habitat for migratory birds.
Trends in seasonal and annual precipitation and streamflow were evaluated for surrounding areas in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico to provide a regional perspective for the trends of the San Pedro River. Seasonal and annual streamflow trends and the relation between precipitation and streamflow in the San Pedro River Basin were evaluated to improve the understanding of the causes of trends.
There were few significant trends in seasonal and annual precipitation or streamflow for the regional study area. Precipitation and streamflow records were analyzed for 11 time periods ranging from 1930 to 2002; no significant trends were found in 92 percent of the trend tests for precipitation, and no significant trends were found in 79 percent of the trend tests for streamflow. For the trends in precipitation that were significant, 90 percent were positive and most of those positive trends were in records of winter, spring, or annual precipitation that started during the mid-century drought in 1945-60. For the trends in streamflow that were significant, about half were positive and half were negative.
Trends in precipitation in the San Pedro River Basin were similar to regional precipitation trends for spring and fall values and were different for summer and annual values. The largest difference was in annual precipitation, for which no trend tests were significant in the San Pedro River Basin, and 23 percent of the trend tests were significantly positive in the rest of the study area. Streamflow trends for the San Pedro River were different from regional streamflow trends. All seasonal flows for the San Pedro River, except winter flows, had significant decreasing trends, and seasonal flows for most streams in the rest of the study area had either no trend or a significant increasing trend. Two streams adjacent to the San Pedro River Basin (Whitewater Draw and Santa Cruz River), however, had significant decreasing trends in summer streamflow.
Factors that caused the decreasing trends in streamflow of the San Pedro River at Charleston were investigated. Possible factors were fluctuations in precipitation and air temperature, changes in watershed characteristics, human activities, or changes in seasonal distribution of bank storage. This study statistically removed or accounted for the variation in streamflow caused by fluctuations in precipitation. Thus, the remaining variation or trend in streamflow was caused by factors other than precipitation.
Two methods were used to partition the variation in streamflow and to determine trends in the partitioned variation: (1) regression analysis between precipitation and streamflow using all years in the record and evaluation of time trends in regression residuals, and (2) development of regression equations between precipitation and streamflow for three time periods (early, middle, and late parts of the record) and testing to determine if the three regression equations were significantly different. The methods were applied to monthly values of total flow (average flow) and storm runoff (maximum daily mean flow) for 1913-2002, and to monthly values of low flow (3-day low flow) for 1931-2002.
Statistical tests provide strong evidence that factors other than precipitation caused a decrease in streamflow of the San Pedro River. Factors other than precipitation caused significant decreasing trends in streamflows for late spring through early winter and did not cause significant trends for late winter through early spring. Total flows had significant decreasing trends in June through December, low flows had significant decreasing trends in May through December, and storm runoff had significant decreasing trends in July through September. The effects of factors other than precipitation were tested only for July through October for storm runoff.
Besides fluctuations in precipitation, the principal factors that could have caused decreasing streamflow trends are (1) changes in watershed characteristics such as changes in riparian vegetation, changes in upland vegetation, and changes in stream-channel morphology, and (2) human activities such as ground-water pumping, construction of runoff-detention structures, urbanization, and cattle ranching (grazing).
Changes in upland and riparian vegetation likely were major factors in the decreasing trends in total streamflows and low flows. Total flows and low flows in summer and fall were significantly affected by factors other than precipitation, but late winter flows were not significantly affected. The significant effects coincide with high rates of transpiration from vegetation in the summer and the nonsignificant effects coincide with low rates of transpiration in the late winter. Another piece of evidence that implicates vegetation as a cause is that the upland and riparian vegetation of the San Pedro River Basin changed during the 20th century. The relative proportions of different species changed in upland vegetation (woody plants increased and grasses decreased), and the areal extent and density of riparian vegetation increased substantially.
Ground-water pumping in the United States and Mexico had a mixed influence on streamflow trends at Charleston, Arizona; statistical analyses indicate that seasonal pumping from wells near the river for irrigation in the spring and summer was a major factor in the decrease in low flows and that year-round pumping from wells in the regional aquifer away from the river was not a major factor in the decrease in low flows. If regional pumping had caused a trend, the pumping should have affected low flows for all months of the year, but factors other than precipitation did not cause significant trends in low flows for January, February, March, and May. Most of the local pumping near the river was during the spring and summer, and this seasonal pumping probably caused some decreases in summer low flows. These conclusions are for trends from 1913 to 2002, and regional pumping in the United States and Mexico could affect streamflow at Charleston in the future, because regional ground-water pumping often has a delayed effect on streamflows.
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The high permeability is due in a large part to the widening of fractures that developed over time and the formation of conduits within the aquifer through dissolution of the limestone. This process has also produced numerous karst features such as springs, sinking streams, and sinkholes in northern Florida. These dissolution features, whether expressed at the surface or not, greatly influence the direction of ground-water flow in the Ichetucknee springshed adjacent to the Ichetucknee River. Ground water generally flows southwestward in the springshed and discharges to the Ichetucknee or Santa Fe Rivers, or to the springs along those rivers. This map depicts the September 9-10, 2003, potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer based on 94 water-level measurements made by the Suwannee River Water Management District. Ground-water levels in this watershed fluctuate in response to precipitation and due to the high degree of interconnection between the surface-water system and the aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061031","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, A.A., Katz, B.G., and Mahon, G.L., 2006, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the Ichetucknee springshed and vicinity, northern Florida, September 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1031, 1 sheet, 30 x 38 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061031.","productDescription":"1 sheet, 30 x 38 in.","temporalStart":"2003-09-01","temporalEnd":"2003-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8035,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1031/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"0","projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.83333333333333,29.333333333333332 ], [ -82.83333333333333,29.75 ], [ -82.41666666666667,29.75 ], [ -82.41666666666667,29.333333333333332 ], [ -82.83333333333333,29.333333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682e70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, A. Alejandro","contributorId":69663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alejandro","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Katz, Brian G. bkatz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Brian","email":"bkatz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mahon, Gary L. 0000-0002-7410-0261 glmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-0261","contributorId":270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahon","given":"Gary","email":"glmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76870,"text":"ofr20061129 - 2006 - Aquifer-test data for wells H-1, H-2A, H-2B, H-2C, and H-3 at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"ofr20061129","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1129","title":"Aquifer-test data for wells H-1, H-2A, H-2B, H-2C, and H-3 at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico","docAbstract":"A series of aquifer tests was performed by the U.S. Geological Survey on geologic units of Permian age at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant site between February 1979 and July 1980 in wells H-1, H-2 complex (H-2A, H-2B, and H-2C), and H-3. The tested geologic units included the Magenta Dolomite and Culebra Dolomite Members of the Rustler Formation, and the contact zone between the Rustler and Salado Formations. Selected information on the tested formations, test dates, pre-test static water levels, test configurations, and raw data collected during these tests are tabulated in this report.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061129","usgsCitation":"Huff, G.F., and Gregory, A., 2006, Aquifer-test data for wells H-1, H-2A, H-2B, H-2C, and H-3 at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1129, v, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061129.","productDescription":"v, 114 p.","numberOfPages":"119","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8038,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1129/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.75,32.333333333333336 ], [ -103.75,32.416666666666664 ], [ -103.5,32.416666666666664 ], [ -103.5,32.333333333333336 ], [ -103.75,32.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679e8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huff, G. F.","contributorId":11229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huff","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gregory, Angela 0000-0002-9905-1240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9905-1240","contributorId":45018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregory","given":"Angela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76864,"text":"fs20063076 - 2006 - Freshwater and Nutrient Fluxes to Coastal Waters of Everglades National Park - A Synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:10","indexId":"fs20063076","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3076","title":"Freshwater and Nutrient Fluxes to Coastal Waters of Everglades National Park - A Synthesis","docAbstract":"Freshwater in the Everglades and the Big Cypress Swamp drains south and southwest into coastal regions where it mixes with seawater to create the salinity gradients characteristic of productive estuarine and marine systems. Studies in Florida Bay have shown that over the last 100-200 years, salinity and seagrass distributions have fluctuated substantially in response to natural climatic cycles. The timing of this change coincides at least in part with the canal construction and landscape alterations in the Everglades that have altered the quantity, timing, distribution, and quality of surface water that flows south into the coastal waters. Federal and State agencies have undertaken a massive Everglades restoration project that will require changes in water management throughout the Everglades, and this will affect water flows to the coastal region. A major concern involves how changes in water flow could affect salinity and nutrient availability in coastal waters.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20063076","usgsCitation":"McPherson, B.F., and Torres, A.E., 2006, Freshwater and Nutrient Fluxes to Coastal Waters of Everglades National Park - A Synthesis: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3076, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063076.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":283,"text":"Florida Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3076.jpg"},{"id":8034,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3076/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPherson, Benjamin F.","contributorId":17965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torres, Arturo E. aetorres@usgs.gov","contributorId":1397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"Arturo","email":"aetorres@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76863,"text":"fs20063087 - 2006 - The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) for Support of Ecological and Biological Assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-19T10:47:12.254856","indexId":"fs20063087","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3087","title":"The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) for Support of Ecological and Biological Assessments","docAbstract":"The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) is an integrated network of real-time water-level monitoring, ground-elevation modeling, and water-surface modeling that provides scientists and managers with current (1999-present), online water-depth information for the entire freshwater portion of the Greater Everglades. Presented on a 400-square-meter grid spacing, EDEN offers a consistent and documented dataset that can be used by scientists and managers to (1) guide large-scale field operations, (2) integrate hydrologic and ecological responses, and (3) support biological and ecological assessments that measure ecosystem responses to the implementation of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20063087","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan and the Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science","usgsCitation":"Telis, P.A., 2006, The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) for Support of Ecological and Biological Assessments: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3087, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063087.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3087.jpg"},{"id":8033,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3087/pdf/fs2006-3087.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2006-3087"},{"id":388841,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3087/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.25,25 ], [ -81.25,27 ], [ -80.25,27 ], [ -80.25,25 ], [ -81.25,25 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
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3321 College Avenue
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No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1190/1.2361085","usgsCitation":"Hinze, W., Coakley, B., Hildenbrand, T., Li, X., Plouff, D., Ravat, D., and Webring, M.W., 2006, Reply to the discussion: Geophysics, v. 71, no. 6, p. X32-X33, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2361085.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"X32","endPage":"X33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":375928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinze, W.","contributorId":82510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinze","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coakley, B.","contributorId":82916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coakley","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hildenbrand, T.","contributorId":10207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, X.","contributorId":67635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plouff, Donald","contributorId":94657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plouff","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ravat, Dhananjay","contributorId":15893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ravat","given":"Dhananjay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Webring, Michael W. mwebring@usgs.gov","contributorId":1221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webring","given":"Michael","email":"mwebring@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":791525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70179211,"text":"70179211 - 2006 - Local infrasound observations of large ash explosions at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, during January 11–28, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-15T10:03:11","indexId":"70179211","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local infrasound observations of large ash explosions at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, during January 11–28, 2006","docAbstract":"We present and interpret acoustic waveforms associated with a sequence of large explosion events that occurred during the initial stages of the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska. During January 11–28, 2006, 13 large explosion events created ash-rich plumes that reached up to 14 km a.s.l., and generated atmospheric pressure waves that were recorded on scale by a microphone located at a distance of 3.2 km from the active vent. The variety of recorded waveforms included sharp N-shaped waves with durations of a few seconds, impulsive signals followed by complex codas, and extended signals with emergent character and durations up to minutes. Peak amplitudes varied between 14 and 105 Pa; inferred acoustic energies ranged between 2×108 and 4×109 J. A simple N-shaped short-duration signal recorded on January 11, 2006 was associated with the vent-opening blast that marked the beginning of the explosive eruption sequence. During the following days, waveforms with impulsive onsets and extended codas accompanied the eruptive activity, which was characterized by explosion events that generated large ash clouds and pyroclastic flows along the flanks of the volcano. Continuous acoustic waveforms that lacked a clear onset were more common during this period. On January 28, 2006, the occurrence of four large explosion events marked the end of this explosive eruption phase at Augustine Volcano. After a transitional period of about two days, characterized by many small discrete bursts, the eruption changed into a stage of more sustained and less explosive activity accompanied by the renewed growth of a summit lava dome.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006GL026491","usgsCitation":"Petersen, T., De Angelis, S., Tytgat, G., and McNutt, S.R., 2006, Local infrasound observations of large ash explosions at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, during January 11–28, 2006: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 33, no. 12, L12303; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026491.","productDescription":"L12303; 5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006gl026491","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Augustine Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -153.51470947265625, 59.412945785071 ], [ -153.47625732421875, 59.41993301322722 ], [ -153.446044921875, 59.428315784042574 ], [ -153.39385986328125, 59.428315784042574 ], [ -153.36090087890622, 59.41574084934491 ], [ -153.34442138671875, 59.39477224351409 ], [ -153.31695556640625, 59.37658895163648 ], [ -153.32794189453125, 59.33599107056162 ], [ -153.37188720703125, 59.32338185310805 ], [ -153.446044921875, 59.31777625443006 ], [ -153.5394287109375, 59.31076795603884 ], [ -153.577880859375, 59.32618430580267 ], [ -153.577880859375, 59.35139598294652 ], [ -153.60260009765625, 59.379387015928536 ], [ -153.59161376953125, 59.404559208021745 ], [ -153.55865478515625, 59.410150490100754 ], [ -153.51470947265625, 59.412945785071 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"33","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585ba2f0e4b01224f329b97a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Tanja","contributorId":177624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petersen","given":"Tanja","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13097,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":656404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Angelis, Silvio","contributorId":172953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Angelis","given":"Silvio","affiliations":[{"id":27128,"text":"Univ. of Liverpool","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":656405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tytgat, Guy","contributorId":71152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tytgat","given":"Guy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McNutt, Stephen R.","contributorId":38133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":76849,"text":"b2207B - 2006 - Geology and total petroleum systems of the West-Central Coastal province (7203), West Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T11:29:34","indexId":"b2207B","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2207","chapter":"B","title":"Geology and total petroleum systems of the West-Central Coastal province (7203), West Africa","docAbstract":"The West-Central Coastal Province of the Sub-Saharan Africa Region consists of the coastal and offshore areas of Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Angola (including the disputed Cabinda Province), and Namibia. The area stretches from the east edge of the Niger Delta south to the Walvis Ridge. The West-Central Coastal Province includes the Douala, Kribi-Campo, Rio Muni, Gabon, Congo, Kwanza, Benguela, and Namibe Basins, which together form the Aptian salt basin of equatorial west Africa. The area has had significant exploration for petroleum; more than 295 oil fields have been discovered since 1954. Since 1995, several giant oil fields have been discovered, especially in the deep-water area of the Congo Basin.\r\nAlthough many total petroleum systems may exist in the West-Central Coastal Province, only four major total petroleum systems have been defined. The area of the province north of the Congo Basin contains two total petroleum systems: the Melania-Gamba Total Petroleum System, consisting of Lower Cretaceous source and reservoir rocks, and the Azile-Senonian Total Petroleum System, consisting of Albian to Turonian source rocks and Cretaceous reservoir rocks. Two assessment units are defined in the West-Central Coastal Province north of the Congo Basin: the Gabon Subsalt and the Gabon Suprasalt Assessment Units. The Congo Basin contains the Congo Delta Composite Total Petroleum System, consisting of Lower Cretaceous to Tertiary source and reservoir rocks. The Central Congo Delta and Carbonate Platform and the Central Congo Turbidites Assessment Units are defined in the Congo Delta Composite Total Petroleum System. The area south of the Congo Basin contains the Cuanza Composite Total Petroleum System, consisting of Lower Cretaceous to Tertiary source and reservoir rocks. The Cuanza-Namibe Assessment Unit is defined in the Cuanza Composite Total Petroleum System. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) assessed the potential for undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources in this province as part of its World Petroleum Assessment 2000. The USGS estimated a mean of 29.7 billion barrels of undiscovered conventional oil, 88.0 trillion cubic feet of gas, and 4.2 billion barrels of natural gas liquids. Most of the hydrocarbon potential remains in the offshore waters of the province in the Central Congo Turbidites Assessment Unit.\r\nLarge areas of the offshore parts of the Kwanza, Douala, Kribi-Campo, and Rio Muni Basins are underexplored, considering their size, and current exploration activity suggests that the basins have hydrocarbon potential. Since about 1995, the offshore part of the Congo Basin has become a major area for new field discoveries and for hydrocarbon exploration, and many deeper water areas in the basin have excellent hydrocarbon potential. Gas resources may be significant and accessible in areas where the zone of oil generation is relatively shallow.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2207B","usgsCitation":"Brownfield, M.E., and Charpentier, R., 2006, Geology and total petroleum systems of the West-Central Coastal province (7203), West Africa (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2207, vii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2207B.","productDescription":"vii, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"59","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":682,"text":"World Energy Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/b2207B.PNG"},{"id":356991,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2207/B/pdf/b2207b_508.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":8022,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2207/B/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -5,20 ], [ -5,5 ], [ 15,5 ], [ 15,20 ], [ -5,20 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6886cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":288003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76853,"text":"ofr20061159 - 2006 - Velocity, bathymetry, and transverse mixing characteristics of the Ohio River upstream from Cincinnati, Ohio, October 2004–March 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-20T22:59:38.379814","indexId":"ofr20061159","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1159","title":"Velocity, bathymetry, and transverse mixing characteristics of the Ohio River upstream from Cincinnati, Ohio, October 2004–March 2006","docAbstract":"Velocity, bathymetry, and transverse (cross-channel) mixing characteristics were studied in a 34-mile study reach of the Ohio River extending from the lower pool of the Captain Anthony Meldahl Lock and Dam, near Willow Grove, Ky, to just downstream from the confluence of the Licking and Ohio Rivers, near Newport, Ky. Information gathered in this study ultimately will be used to parameterize hydrodynamic and water-quality models that are being developed for the study reach.\r\nVelocity data were measured at an average cross-section spacing of about 2,200 feet by means of boat-mounted acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs). ADCP data were postprocessed to create text files describing the three-dimensional velocity characteristics in each transect.\r\nBathymetry data were measured at an average transect spacing of about 800 feet by means of a boat-mounted single-beam echosounder. Depth information obtained from the echosounder were postprocessed with water-surface slope and elevation information collected during the surveys to compute stream-bed elevations. The bathymetry data were written to text files formatted as a series of space-delimited x-, y-, and z-coordinates.\r\nTwo separate dye-tracer studies were done on different days in overlapping stream segments in an 18.3-mile section of the study reach to assess transverse mixing characteristics in the Ohio River. Rhodamine WT dye was injected into the river at a constant rate, and concentrations were measured in downstream cross sections, generally spaced 1 to 2 miles apart. The dye was injected near the Kentucky shoreline during the first study and near the Ohio shoreline during the second study. Dye concentrations were measured along transects in the river by means of calibrated fluorometers equipped with flow-through chambers, automatic temperature compensation, and internal data loggers. The use of flow-through chambers permitted water to be pumped continuously out of the river from selected depths and through the fluorometer for measurement as the boat traversed the river. Time-tagged concentration readings were joined with horizontal coordinate data simultaneously captured from a differentially corrected Global Positioning System (GPS) device to create a plain-text, comma-separated variable file containing spatially tagged dye-concentration data.\r\nPlots showing the transverse variation in relative dye concentration indicate that, within the stream segments sampled, complete transverse mixing of the dye did not occur. In addition, the highest concentrations of dye tended to be nearest the side of the river from which the dye was injected.\r\nVelocity, bathymetry, and dye-concentration data collected during this study are available for Internet download by means of hyperlinks in this report. Data contained in this report were collected between October 2004 and March 2006.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061159","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G., Ostheimer, C.J., and Griffin, M.S., 2006, Velocity, bathymetry, and transverse mixing characteristics of the Ohio River upstream from Cincinnati, Ohio, October 2004–March 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1159, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061159.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2006-03-31","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194470,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":394638,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76875.htm"},{"id":8028,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1159/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","city":"Cincinnati","otherGeospatial":"Ohio River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.5083,\n 38.7936\n ],\n [\n -84.1806,\n 38.7936\n ],\n [\n -84.1806,\n 39.125\n ],\n [\n -84.5083,\n 39.125\n ],\n [\n -84.5083,\n 38.7936\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db60224b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":49817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostheimer, Chad J. ostheime@usgs.gov","contributorId":2160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostheimer","given":"Chad","email":"ostheime@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":288008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffin, Michael S. mgriffin@usgs.gov","contributorId":4381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Michael","email":"mgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76858,"text":"fs20063042 - 2006 - Mapping the seafloor geology offshore of Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-09T13:00:45","indexId":"fs20063042","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3042","title":"Mapping the seafloor geology offshore of Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Geologic and bathymetric maps help us understand the evolutionary history of the Massachusetts coast and the processes that have shaped it. The maps show the distribution of bottom types (for example, bedrock, gravel, sand, mud) and water depths over large areas of the seafloor. In turn, these two fundamental parameters largely determine the species of flora and fauna that inhabit a particular area. Knowledge of bottom types and water depths provides a framework for mapping benthic habitats and managing marine resources. The need for coastal–zone mapping to inform policy and management is widely recognized as critical for mitigating hazards, creating resource inventories, and tracking environmental changes (National Research Council, 2004; U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy, 2004).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20063042","collaboration":"In cooperation with the State of Massachusetts and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Barnhardt, W., and Andrews, B., 2006, Mapping the seafloor geology offshore of Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3042, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063042.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3042.jpg"},{"id":9347,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3042/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295160,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3042/fs2006-3042.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a0b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhardt, Walter A.","contributorId":80656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhardt","given":"Walter A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, Brian D. bandrews@usgs.gov","contributorId":2132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Brian D.","email":"bandrews@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":288031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76851,"text":"sir20065120 - 2006 - Is amplitude loss of sonic waveforms due to intrinsic attenuation or source coupling to the medium?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:10","indexId":"sir20065120","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5120","title":"Is amplitude loss of sonic waveforms due to intrinsic attenuation or source coupling to the medium?","docAbstract":"Sonic waveforms acquired in gas-hydrate-bearing sediments indicate strong amplitude loss associated with an increase in sonic velocity. Because the gas hydrate increases sonic velocities, the amplitude loss has been interpreted as due to intrinsic attenuation caused by the gas hydrate in the pore space, which apparently contradicts conventional wave propagation theory. For a sonic source in a fluid-filled borehole, the signal amplitude transmitted into the formation depends on the physical properties of the formation, including any pore contents, in the immediate vicinity of the source. A signal in acoustically fast material, such as gas-hydrate-bearing sediments, has a smaller amplitude than a signal in acoustically slower material. Therefore, it is reasonable to interpret the amplitude loss in the gas-hydrate-bearing sediments in terms of source coupling to the surrounding medium as well as intrinsic attenuation. An analysis of sonic waveforms measured at the Mallik 5L-38 well, Northwest Territories, Canada, indicates that a significant part of the sonic waveform's amplitude loss is due to a source-coupling effect. All amplitude analyses of sonic waveforms should include the effect of source coupling in order to accurately characterize the formation's intrinsic attenuation.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065120","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., 2006, Is amplitude loss of sonic waveforms due to intrinsic attenuation or source coupling to the medium? (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5120, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065120.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8026,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5120/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db66721d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76854,"text":"ofr20061152 - 2006 - Near-Field Receiving Water Monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in South San Francisco Bay, California: 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-08T20:31:32.028557","indexId":"ofr20061152","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1152","title":"Near-Field Receiving Water Monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in South San Francisco Bay, California: 2005","docAbstract":"Trace elements in sediment and the clam Macoma petalum (formerly reported as Macoma balthica (Cohen and Carlton 1995)), clam reproductive activity and benthic, macroinvertebrate community structure are reported for a mudflat one kilometer south of the discharge of the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in South San Francisco Bay. This report includes data collected for the period January to December 2005, and extends a critical long-term biogeochemical record dating back to 1974. These data serve as the basis for the City of Palo Alto’s Near-Field Receiving Water Monitoring Program, initiated in 1994.
Metal concentrations in both sediments and clam tissue during 2005 were consistent with results observed since 1990. Copper and zinc concentrations in sediment and bivalve tissue displayed a continued decrease over the last decade. In 2005, Cu concentrations were at or below the effects range-low (ERL) concentration (34 µg/g) for the entire year, the first time this has been observed. Also, zinc concentrations never exceeded the ERL (150 µg/g). Yearly average concentrations of copper, zinc and silver in Macoma petalum for 2005 were some of the lowest recorded since monitoring for metals began in 1975. The concentrations of mercury and selenium in sediments, during April and January 2004, respectively, were the highest values observed for these elements during this study. Later in 2005, concentrations decreased to historic levels. The increase in mercury and selenium in 2004 was not a permanent trend and concentrations of these elements in sediments and clams at Palo Alto remain similar to concentrations observed elsewhere in the San Francisco Bay.
Analyses of the benthic-community structure of a mudflat in South San Francisco Bay over a 31-year period show that changes in the community have occurred concurrent with with reduced concentrations of metals in the sediment and in the tissues of the biosentinal clam Macoma petalum from the same area. Analysis of the reproductive activity of M. petalum shows increases in reproductive activity concurrent with the decline in metal concentrations in the tissues of this organism. Reproductive activity is presently stable with almost all animals initiating reproduction in the fall and spawning the following spring of most years. The community has shifted from being dominated by several opportunistic species to a community where the species are more similar in abundance, a pattern that suggests a more stable community that is subjected to less stress. In addition, two of the opportunistic species (Ampelisca abdita and Streblospio benedicti) that brood their young and live on the surface of the sediment in tubes have shown a continual decline in dominance coincident with the decline in metals. Heteromastus filiformis, a subsurface polychaete worm that lives in the sediment, consumes sediment and organic particles residing in the sediment, and reproduces by laying their eggs on or in the sediment has shown a concurrent increase in dominance. These changes in species dominance reflect a change in the community from one dominated by surface dwelling, brooding species to one with species with varying life history characteristics. For the first time since its invasion in 1986, the non-indigenous filter-feeding bivalve Corbula (Potamocorbula) amurensis has shown up in small but persistent numbers in the benthic community.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061152","usgsCitation":"Cain, D.J., Parcheso, F., Thompson, J.K., Luoma, S.N., Lorenzi, A.H., Moon, E., Shouse, M.K., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J., 2006, Near-Field Receiving Water Monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in South San Francisco Bay, California: 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1152, viii, 120 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061152.","productDescription":"viii, 120 p.","numberOfPages":"128","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8029,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1152/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388972,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76876.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Palo Alto Regional Quality Control Plant, south San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1092,\n 37.4508\n ],\n [\n -122.0928,\n 37.4508\n ],\n [\n -122.0928,\n 37.4644\n ],\n [\n -122.1092,\n 37.4644\n ],\n [\n -122.1092,\n 37.4508\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697f5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cain, Daniel J. 0000-0002-3443-0493 djcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-0493","contributorId":1784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Daniel","email":"djcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dyke, Jessica jldyke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyke","given":"Jessica","email":"jldyke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":288012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":76857,"text":"ds69H - 2006 - Petroleum Systems and Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas, Navarro and Taylor Groups, Western Gulf Province, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T16:45:18","indexId":"ds69H","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69","chapter":"H","title":"Petroleum Systems and Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas, Navarro and Taylor Groups, Western Gulf Province, Texas","docAbstract":"The purpose of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Oil and Gas Assessment is to develop geologically based hypotheses regarding the potential for additions to oil and gas reserves in priority areas of the United States. The USGS recently completed an assessment of undiscovered oil and gas potential of the Late Cretaceous Navarro and Taylor Groups in the Western Gulf Province in Texas (USGS Province 5047). The Navarro and Taylor Groups have moderate potential for undiscovered oil resources and good potential for undiscovered gas resources.\r\nThis assessment is based on geologic principles and uses the total petroleum system concept. The geologic elements of a total petroleum system include hydrocarbon source rocks (source rock maturation, hydrocarbon generation and migration), reservoir rocks (sequence stratigraphy and petrophysical properties), and hydrocarbon traps (trap formation and timing). The USGS used this geologic framework to define one total petroleum system and five assessment units. Five assessment units were quantitatively assessed for undiscovered oil and gas resources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds69H","isbn":"1411309987","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Western Gulf Province Assessment Team, 2006, Petroleum Systems and Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas, Navarro and Taylor Groups, Western Gulf Province, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69, Available online and on CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69H.","productDescription":"Available online and on CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":174,"text":"Central Region Energy Resources Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11610,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-h/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687ef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey Western Gulf Province Assessment Team","contributorId":127912,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey Western Gulf Province Assessment Team","id":534793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76855,"text":"wdrMT051 - 2006 - Water resources data, Montana, water year 2005: Volume 1. Hudson Bay and upper Missouri River basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"wdrMT051","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MT-05-1","title":"Water resources data, Montana, water year 2005: Volume 1. Hudson Bay and upper Missouri River basins","docAbstract":"Water resources data for Montana for the 2005 water year, volumes 1 and 2, consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels in wells. This volume contains discharge records for 125 streamflow-gaging stations; stage or content records for 17 lakes and reservoirs; and water-quality records for 68 streamflow stations (37 ungaged), 12 reservoir or lake sites, and 13 ground-water wells. Additional water year 2005 data collected at crest-stage gage and miscellaneous-measurement sites were collected but are not published in this report. These data are stored within the office files in Helena and are available on request. These data represent part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Montana.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrMT051","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W.R., White, M.K., Ladd, P.B., Bailey, F.A., and Dodge, K.A., 2006, Water resources data, Montana, water year 2005: Volume 1. Hudson Bay and upper Missouri River basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MT-05-1, 407 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMT051.","productDescription":"407 p.","numberOfPages":"407","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8030,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2005/wdr-mt-05/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f1248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, Wayne R. wrberkas@usgs.gov","contributorId":425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"Wayne","email":"wrberkas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Melvin K. mwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":1563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Melvin","email":"mwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ladd, Patricia B.","contributorId":64321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladd","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bailey, Fred A. fbailey@usgs.gov","contributorId":1561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Fred","email":"fbailey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dodge, Kent A. kdodge@usgs.gov","contributorId":1036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"Kent","email":"kdodge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":76856,"text":"wdrMT052 - 2006 - Water resources data, Montana, water year 2005: Volume 2. Yellowstone and upper Columbia River basins and ground-water levels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:21","indexId":"wdrMT052","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MT-05-2","title":"Water resources data, Montana, water year 2005: Volume 2. Yellowstone and upper Columbia River basins and ground-water levels","docAbstract":"Water resources data for Montana for the 2005 water year, volumes 1 and 2, consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels in wells. This volume contains discharge records for 120 streamflow-gaging stations; stage or content records for 22 lakes and reservoirs; water-quality records for 86 streamflow stations (32 ungaged), and 25 ground-water wells; water-level records for 25 observation wells; and precipitation records for 2 atmospheric-deposition stations. Additional water year 2005 data collected at crest-stage gage and miscellaneous-measurement sites were collected but are not published in this report. These data are stored within the District office files in Helena and are available on request. These data represent part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Montana.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrMT052","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W.R., White, M.K., Ladd, P.B., Bailey, F.A., and Dodge, K.A., 2006, Water resources data, Montana, water year 2005: Volume 2. Yellowstone and upper Columbia River basins and ground-water levels: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MT-05-2, 571 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMT052.","productDescription":"571 p.","numberOfPages":"571","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8031,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2005/wdr-mt-05/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f109c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, Wayne R. wrberkas@usgs.gov","contributorId":425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"Wayne","email":"wrberkas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Melvin K. mwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":1563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Melvin","email":"mwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ladd, Patricia B.","contributorId":64321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladd","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bailey, Fred A. fbailey@usgs.gov","contributorId":1561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Fred","email":"fbailey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dodge, Kent A. kdodge@usgs.gov","contributorId":1036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"Kent","email":"kdodge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":76852,"text":"sir20065109 - 2006 - A preliminary evaluation of vertical separation between production intervals of coalbed-methane wells and water-supply wells in the Raton basin, Huerfano and Las Animas Counties, Colorado, 1999-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"sir20065109","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5109","title":"A preliminary evaluation of vertical separation between production intervals of coalbed-methane wells and water-supply wells in the Raton basin, Huerfano and Las Animas Counties, Colorado, 1999-2004","docAbstract":"The Raton Basin in southern Colorado and northern New Mexico is undergoing increased development of its coalbed-methane resources. Annual production of methane from coalbeds in the Raton Basin in Huerfano and Las Animas Counties, Colorado, increased from about 28,000,000 thousand cubic feet from 478 wells to about 80,000,000 thousand cubic feet from 1,543 wells, during 1999-2004. Annual ground-water withdrawals for coalbed-methane production increased from about 1.45 billion gallons from 480 wells to about 3.64 billion gallons from 1,568 wells, during 1999-2004. Where the coalbeds are deeply buried near the center of the Raton Basin, water pressure may be reduced as much as 250 to 300 pounds per square inch to produce the methane from the coalbeds, which is equivalent to a 577- to 692-foot lowering of water level. In 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board, began an evaluation of the potential effects of coalbed- methane production on the availability and sustainability of ground-water resources.\r\n\r\nIn 2003, there were an estimated 1,370 water-supply wells in the Raton Basin in Colorado, and about 90 percent of these water-supply wells were less than 450 feet deep. The tops of the production (perforated) interval of 90 percent of the coalbed-methane wells in the Raton Basin (for which data were available) are deeper than about 675 feet. The potential for interference of coalbed-methane wells with nearby water-supply wells likely is limited because in most areas their respective production intervals are separated by more than a hundred to a few thousand feet of rock. The estimated vertical separation between production intervals of coalbed-methane and water-supply wells is less than 100 feet in an area about 1 to 6 miles west and southwest of Trinidad Lake and a few other isolated areas. It is assumed that in areas with less than 100 feet of vertical separation, production by coalbed-methane wells has a greater potential for interfering with nearby water-supply wells. More detailed geologic and hydrologic information is needed in these areas to quantify the potential effects of coalbed-methane production on water levels and the availability and sustainability of ground-water resources. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065109","usgsCitation":"Watts, K.R., 2006, A preliminary evaluation of vertical separation between production intervals of coalbed-methane wells and water-supply wells in the Raton basin, Huerfano and Las Animas Counties, Colorado, 1999-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5109, v, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065109.","productDescription":"v, 9 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1999-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8027,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5109/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106,37 ], [ -106,38 ], [ -104.25,38 ], [ -104.25,37 ], [ -106,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8823","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watts, Kenneth R. krwatts@usgs.gov","contributorId":1647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kenneth","email":"krwatts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76844,"text":"ds189 - 2006 - PRISM3 DOT1 Atlantic Basin Reconstruction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T16:32:10","indexId":"ds189","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"189","title":"PRISM3 DOT1 Atlantic Basin Reconstruction","docAbstract":"PRISM3 DOT1 (Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping 3, Deep Ocean Temperature 1) provides a three-dimensional temperature reconstruction for the mid-Pliocene Atlantic basin, the first of several regional data sets that will comprise a global mid-Pliocene reconstruction. DOT1 is an alteration of modern temperature values for the Atlantic Ocean in 4 degree x 5 degree cells in 13 depth layers for December 1 based on Mg/Ca-derived BWT estimates from seventeen DSDP and ODP Sites and SST estimates from the PRISM2 reconstruction (Dowsett et al., 1999). DOT1 reflects a vaguely modern circulation system, assuming similar processes of deep-water formation; however, North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) production is increased, and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) production is decreased. Pliocene NADW was approximately 2 degreesC warmer than modern temperatures, and Pliocene AABW was approximately 0.3 degreesC warmer than modern temperatures.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds189","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H., Robinson, M., Dwyer, G., Chandler, M., and Cronin, T., 2006, PRISM3 DOT1 Atlantic Basin Reconstruction (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 189, Available online only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds189.","productDescription":"Available online only","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8015,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":8016,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/189/Atlantic_Grid_DOT1.xls"}],"projection":"GISS","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90,-88 ], [ -90,88 ], [ 30,88 ], [ 30,-88 ], [ -90,-88 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689de2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry","contributorId":6138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, Marci","contributorId":100087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, Gary S.","contributorId":67642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"Gary S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chandler, Mark","contributorId":17320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas","contributorId":12109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":76846,"text":"ofr20051331 - 2006 - Geologic map of the national parks in the National Capital region, Washington, D.C., Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-23T21:55:34.330522","indexId":"ofr20051331","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1331","title":"Geologic map of the national parks in the National Capital region, Washington, D.C., Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia","docAbstract":"More than 51,000 acres within the National Capital Region (NCR) are administered by the National Park Service (NPS). These parks consist of parkways, trails, statues, monuments, memorials, historic sites, scenic areas, theatres, parks for performing arts, and Civil War battlefields. Although largely established for historical and cultural resources, each park is situated on a landscape that is influenced by bedrock and surficial geology of the central Appalachian mid-Atlantic region. Geologic mapping and field studies conducted for over 130 years are summarized here to provide the earliest history of the parklands. The age, type, names, and the interpreted origin of the rocks, as well as the processes active in the formation of surficial deposits and the landscape are discussed. These data are intended for educational and interpretative programs for visitors as well as the management of natural resources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051331","usgsCitation":"Southworth, S., and Denenny, D., 2006, Geologic map of the national parks in the National Capital region, Washington, D.C., Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1331, Report: vi, 26 p.; Metadata; Spatial Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051331.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 26 p.; Metadata; Spatial Data","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8019,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1331/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":8021,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1331/shapefiles_zip/"},{"id":8020,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1331/metadata/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110651,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76690.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76690"},{"id":110652,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76691.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76691"},{"id":110653,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76692.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76692"},{"id":110654,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76693.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76693"},{"id":110655,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76694.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76694"},{"id":110656,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76695.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76695"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"National Capital region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.2444,\n 38.6506\n ],\n [\n -76.8028,\n 38.6506\n ],\n [\n -76.8028,\n 39.0828\n ],\n [\n -77.2444,\n 39.0828\n ],\n [\n -77.2444,\n 38.6506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faa2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Southworth, Scott","contributorId":93933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southworth","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denenny, Danielle","contributorId":78804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denenny","given":"Danielle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76842,"text":"sim2901 - 2006 - Geologic map of the Yacolt quadrangle, Clark County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"sim2901","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2901","title":"Geologic map of the Yacolt quadrangle, Clark County, Washington","docAbstract":"The Yacolt 7.5' quadrangle is situated in the foothills of the western Cascade Range of southwestern Washington approximately 35 km northeast of Portland, Oregon. Since late Eocene time, the Cascade Range has been the locus of an active volcanic arc associated with underthrusting of oceanic lithosphere beneath the North American continent along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. Volcanic and shallow-level intrusive rocks emplaced early in the history of the arc underlie most of the Yacolt quadrangle, forming a dissected and partly glaciated terrain with elevations between 250 and 2180 ft (75 and 665 m). The bedrock surface slopes irregularly but steeply to the southwest, forming the eastern margin of the Portland Basin, and weakly consolidated Miocene and younger basin-fill sediments lap up against the bedrock terrain in the southern part of the map area. A deep canyon, carved by the East Fork Lewis River that flows westward out of the Cascade Range, separates Yacolt and Bells Mountains, the two highest points in the quadrangle. Just west of the quadrangle, the river departs from its narrow bedrock channel and enters a wide alluvial floodplain.\r\n\r\nBedrock of the Yacolt quadrangle consists of near-horizontal strata of Oligocene volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks that comprise early products of the Cascade volcanic arc. Basalt and basaltic andesite flows predominate. Most were emplaced on the flanks of a large mafic shield volcano and are interfingered with crudely bedded sections of volcanic breccia of probable lahar origin and a variety of well bedded epiclastic sedimentary rocks. At Yacolt Mountain, the volcanogenic rocks are intruded by a body of Miocene quartz diorite that is compositionally distinct from any volcanic rocks in the map area. The town of Yacolt sits in a north-northwest-trending valley apparently formed within a major fault zone. Several times during the Pleistocene, mountain glaciers moved down the Lewis River valley and spread southward into the map area. The largest glacier(s) covered the entire map area north of the East Fork Lewis River except for the summit of Yacolt Mountain. As the ice receded, it left behind a sculpted bedrock topography thickly mantled by drift, and deposited outwash in the fault-bounded valley at Yacolt and along the East Fork Lewis River valley.\r\n\r\nThis map is a contribution to a program designed to improve geologic knowledge of the Portland Basin region of the Pacific Northwest urban corridor, the densely populated Cascadia forearc region of western Washington and Oregon. More detailed information on the bedrock and surficial geology of the basin and its surrounding area is necessary to refine assessments of seismic risk, ground-failure hazards and resource availability in this rapidly growing region. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2901","usgsCitation":"Evarts, R., 2006, Geologic map of the Yacolt quadrangle, Clark County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2901, 32 p.; map, 40 x 36 in.; GIS data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2901.","productDescription":"32 p.; map, 40 x 36 in.; GIS data","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110649,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76688.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76688"},{"id":190929,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8010,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2901/SIM2901_DB.ZIP"},{"id":8009,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2901/metadata.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":8008,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2901/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"UTM Zone 10","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,45.75 ], [ -122.5,46.8675 ], [ -122.36749999999999,46.8675 ], [ -122.36749999999999,45.75 ], [ -122.5,45.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af6e4b07f02db6929cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evarts, R.C.","contributorId":74766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evarts","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76845,"text":"ofr20051211 - 2006 - Wave data processing toolbox manual","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:14","indexId":"ofr20051211","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1211","title":"Wave data processing toolbox manual","docAbstract":"Researchers routinely deploy oceanographic equipment in estuaries, coastal nearshore environments, and shelf settings. These deployments usually include tripod-mounted instruments to measure a suite of physical parameters such as currents, waves, and pressure. Instruments such as the RD Instruments Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP(tm)), the Sontek Argonaut, and the Nortek Aquadopp(tm) Profiler (AP) can measure these parameters. The data from these instruments must be processed using proprietary software unique to each instrument to convert measurements to real physical values. These processed files are then available for dissemination and scientific evaluation. For example, the proprietary processing program used to process data from the RD Instruments ADCP for wave information is called WavesMon. Depending on the length of the deployment, WavesMon will typically produce thousands of processed data files. These files are difficult to archive and further analysis of the data becomes cumbersome. More imperative is that these files alone do not include sufficient information pertinent to that deployment (metadata), which could hinder future scientific interpretation. This open-file report describes a toolbox developed to compile, archive, and disseminate the processed wave measurement data from an RD Instruments ADCP, a Sontek Argonaut, or a Nortek AP. This toolbox will be referred to as the Wave Data Processing Toolbox. The Wave Data Processing Toolbox congregates the processed files output from the proprietary software into two NetCDF files: one file contains the statistics of the burst data and the other file contains the raw burst data (additional details described below). One important advantage of this toolbox is that it converts the data into NetCDF format. Data in NetCDF format is easy to disseminate, is portable to any computer platform, and is viewable with public-domain freely-available software. Another important advantage is that a metadata structure is embedded with the data to document pertinent information regarding the deployment and the parameters used to process the data. Using this format ensures that the relevant information about how the data was collected and converted to physical units is maintained with the actual data. EPIC-standard variable names have been utilized where appropriate. These standards, developed by the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) (http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/epic/), provide a universal vernacular allowing researchers to share data without translation.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051211","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, C.M., Warner, J., Martini, M.A., Lightsom, F., Voulgaris, G., and Work, P., 2006, Wave data processing toolbox manual (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1211, 86 p.; CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051211.","productDescription":"86 p.; CD-ROM","numberOfPages":"86","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":190979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8018,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1211/WVTOOLS.zip"},{"id":8017,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1211/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db6235da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Charlene M.","contributorId":16104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Charlene","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martini, Marinna A. 0000-0002-7757-5158 mmartini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-5158","contributorId":2456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"Marinna","email":"mmartini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lightsom, Frances S.","contributorId":7370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lightsom","given":"Frances S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Voulgaris, George","contributorId":26377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voulgaris","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27143,"text":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":287999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Work, Paul 0000-0002-2815-8040","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2815-8040","contributorId":36233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":76843,"text":"sim2924 - 2006 - Geologic map of the Lacamas Creek quadrangle, Clark County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:43","indexId":"sim2924","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2924","title":"Geologic map of the Lacamas Creek quadrangle, Clark County, Washington","docAbstract":"The Lacamas Creek 7.5 minute quadrangle is in southwestern Washington, approximately 25 km northeast of Portland, Oregon, along the eastern margin of the Portland Basin, which is part of the Puget-Willamette Lowland that separates the Cascade Range from the Oregon Coast Range. Since late Eocene time, the Cascade Range has been the locus of an episodically active volcanic arc associated with underthrusting of oceanic lithosphere beneath the North American continent along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. Lava flows that erupted early in the history of the arc underlie the eastern half of the Lacamas Creek quadrangle, forming a dissected terrain, with elevations as high as 2050 ft (625 m), that slopes irregularly but steeply to the southwest. These basalt and basaltic andesite flows erupted in early Oligocene time from one or more vents located outside the map area. The flows dip gently (less than 5 degrees) west to southwest. In the western part of the map area, volcanic bedrock is unconformably overlain by middle Miocene to early Pleistocene(?) sediments that accumulated as the Portland Basin subsided. These sediments consist mostly of detritus carried into the Portland Basin by the ancestral Columbia River. Northwest-striking faults offset the Paleogene basin floor as well as the lower part of the basin fill. In middle Pleistocene time, basalt and basaltic andesite erupted from three small volcanoes in the southern half of the map area. These vents are in the northern part of the Boring volcanic field, which comprises several dozen late Pliocene and younger monogenetic volcanoes scattered throughout the greater Portland region. In latest Pleistocene time, the Missoula floods of glacial-outburst origin inundated the Portland Basin. The floods deposited poorly sorted gravels in the southwestern part of the Lacamas Creek quadrangle that grade northward into finer grained sediments.\r\n\r\nThis map is a contribution to a program designed to improve geologic knowledge of the Portland Basin region of the Pacific Northwest urban corridor, the densely populated Cascadia forearc region of western Washington and Oregon. More detailed information on the bedrock and surficial geology of the basin and its surrounding area is necessary to refine assessments of seismic risk, ground-failure hazards and resource availability in this rapidly growing region. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2924","usgsCitation":"Evarts, R., 2006, Geologic map of the Lacamas Creek quadrangle, Clark County, Washington (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2924, 22 p.; map, 40 x 36 in.; GIS files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2924.","productDescription":"22 p.; map, 40 x 36 in.; GIS files","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110650,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76689.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76689"},{"id":194708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8012,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2924/metadata.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":8013,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2924/SIM2924_DB.ZIP"},{"id":8011,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2924/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"UTM Zone 10","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,45.61666666666667 ], [ -122.5,45.75 ], [ -122.36749999999999,45.75 ], [ -122.36749999999999,45.61666666666667 ], [ -122.5,45.61666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696ab2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evarts, R.C.","contributorId":74766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evarts","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76836,"text":"ofr20061101 - 2006 - User's Guide, software for reduction and analysis of daily weather and surface-water data: Tools for time series analysis of precipitation, temperature, and streamflow data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:22","indexId":"ofr20061101","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1101","title":"User's Guide, software for reduction and analysis of daily weather and surface-water data: Tools for time series analysis of precipitation, temperature, and streamflow data","docAbstract":"The software described here is used to process and analyze daily weather and surface-water data. The programs are refinements of earlier versions that include minor corrections and routines to calculate frequencies above a threshold on an annual or seasonal basis. Earlier versions of this software were used successfully to analyze historical precipitation patterns of the Mojave Desert and the southern Colorado Plateau regions, ecosystem response to climate variation, and variation of sediment-runoff frequency related to climate (Hereford and others, 2003; 2004; in press; Griffiths and others, 2006). The main program described here (Day_Cli_Ann_v5.3) uses daily data to develop a time\r\nseries of various statistics for a user specified accounting period such as a year or season. The statistics include averages and totals, but the emphasis is on the frequency of occurrence in days of relatively rare weather or runoff events. These statistics are indices of climate variation; for a discussion of climate indices, see the Climate Research Unit website of the University of East Anglia (http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/projects/stardex/) and the Climate Change Indices web site (http://cccma.seos.uvic.ca/ETCCDMI/indices.html). Specifically, the indices computed with this software are the frequency of high intensity 24-hour rainfall, unusually warm temperature, and unusually high runoff. These rare, or extreme events, are those greater than the 90th percentile of precipitation, streamflow, or temperature computed for the period of record of weather or gaging stations. If they cluster in time over several decades, extreme events may produce detectable change in the physical landscape and ecosystem of a given region. Although the software has been tested on a variety of data, as with any software, the user should carefully evaluate the results with their data. The programs were designed for the range of precipitation, temperature, and streamflow measurements expected in the semiarid Southwest United States. The user is encouraged to review the examples provided with the software. The software is written in Fortran 90 with Fortran 95 extensions and was compiled with the Digital Visual Fortran compiler version 6.6. The executables run on Windows 2000 and XP, and they operate in a MS-DOS console window that has only very simple graphical options such as font size and color, background color, and size of the window. Error trapping was not written into the programs. Typically, when an error occurs, the console window closes without a message.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061101","usgsCitation":"Hereford, R., 2006, User's Guide, software for reduction and analysis of daily weather and surface-water data: Tools for time series analysis of precipitation, temperature, and streamflow data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1101, iii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061101.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8002,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1101/of2006-1101_software.zip"},{"id":8003,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1101/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db60401d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hereford, Richard 0000-0002-0892-7367 rhereford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-7367","contributorId":3620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"Richard","email":"rhereford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76835,"text":"ofr20061084 - 2006 - Subsurface structure of the East Bay Plain ground-water basin: San Francisco Bay to the Hayward fault, Alameda County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-04T21:46:44.495963","indexId":"ofr20061084","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1084","title":"Subsurface structure of the East Bay Plain ground-water basin: San Francisco Bay to the Hayward fault, Alameda County, California","docAbstract":"The area of California between the San Francisco Bay, San Pablo Bay, Santa Clara Valley, and the Diablo Ranges (East Bay Hills), commonly referred to as the 'East Bay', contains the East Bay Plain and Niles Cone ground-water basins. The area has a population of 1.46 million (2003 US Census), largely distributed among several cities, including Alameda, Berkeley, Fremont, Hayward, Newark, Oakland, San Leandro, San Lorenzo, and Union City. Major known tectonic structures in the East Bay area include the Hayward Fault and the Diablo Range to the east and a relatively deep sedimentary basin known as the San Leandro Basin beneath the eastern part of the bay. Known active faults, such as the Hayward, Calaveras, and San Andreas pose significant earthquake hazards to the region, and these and related faults also affect ground-water flow in the San Francisco Bay area. Because most of the valley comprising the San Francisco Bay area is covered by Holocene alluvium or water at the surface, our knowledge of the existence and locations of such faults, their potential hazards, and their effects on ground-water flow within the alluvial basins is incomplete.\r\n\r\nTo better understand the subsurface stratigraphy and structures and their effects on ground-water and earthquake hazards, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD), acquired a series of high-resolution seismic reflection and refraction profiles across the East Bay Plain near San Leandro in June 2002. In this report, we present results of the seismic imaging investigations, with emphasis on ground water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061084","usgsCitation":"Catchings, R.D., Borchers, J.W., Goldman, M.R., Gandhok, G., Ponce, D., and Steedman, C., 2006, Subsurface structure of the East Bay Plain ground-water basin: San Francisco Bay to the Hayward fault, Alameda County, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1084, Report: 45 p.; Image File Downloads, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061084.","productDescription":"Report: 45 p.; Image File Downloads","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415197,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76687.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191995,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8014,"rank":3,"type":{"id":14,"text":"Image"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1084/figures","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":8000,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1084/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":8001,"rank":4,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1084/version_history.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Alameda County","otherGeospatial":"East Bay Plain ground-water basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1656,\n 37.7011\n ],\n [\n -122.1656,\n 37.6683\n ],\n [\n -122.1067,\n 37.6683\n ],\n [\n -122.1067,\n 37.7011\n ],\n [\n -122.1656,\n 37.7011\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catchings, R. D.","contributorId":98738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Borchers, J. W.","contributorId":74414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, M. R.","contributorId":106934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gandhok, G.","contributorId":47423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gandhok","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ponce, D. A. 0000-0003-4785-7354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":104019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steedman, C. E.","contributorId":105810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steedman","given":"C. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":76833,"text":"wri20034004 - 2006 - Usoi Dam wave overtopping and flood routing in the Bartang and Panj Rivers, Tajikistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:18","indexId":"wri20034004","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4004","title":"Usoi Dam wave overtopping and flood routing in the Bartang and Panj Rivers, Tajikistan","docAbstract":"The Usoi dam was created in the winter of 1911 after an enormous seismogenic rock slide completely blocked the valley of the Bartang River in the Pamir Mountains of southeastern Tajikistan. At present the dam impounds 17 million cubic meters of water in Lake Sarez.\r\n\r\nFlood volume and discharge estimates were made for several landslide generated floods that could overtop the dam. For landslide volumes of 200, 500, and 1,000 million cubic meters, estimated overtopping flood volumes were 2, 22, and 87 million cubic meters of water, respectively. Estimated peak discharge at the dam for these three flood scenarios were 57,000, 490,000, and 1,580,000 cubic meters per second, based on triangular hydrographs of 70-, 90-, and 110-second durations, respectively.\r\n\r\nFlood-routing simulations were made for the three landslide-induced overtopping floods over a 530-kilometer reach of the Bartang and Panj Rivers below the Usoi dam. A one-dimensional flow model using a Riemann numerical solution technique was selected for the study. A constant 50-meter wide rectangular channel, which represented the mean channel width, was used for the entire reach. A roughness coefficient of 0.038, appropriate for steep mountainous streams, also was used for the entire reach.\r\n\r\nFor the 87 million cubic meter volume overtopping flood scenario, the peak flows were approximately 1,100, 800, and 550 cubic meters per second at locations 50, 100, and 150 kilometers downstream of the dam, respectively.\r\n\r\nThe model was also used to simulate the less likely scenario of an instantaneous dam breach and draining of the total volume of the lake. Simulated peak flows were approximately 64,000, 52,000, 40,000, and 20,000 cubic meters per second at locations 50, 100, 150, and 530 kilometers downstream of the Usoi dam.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri20034004","usgsCitation":"Risley, J., Walder, J., and Denlinger, R., 2006, Usoi Dam wave overtopping and flood routing in the Bartang and Panj Rivers, Tajikistan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4004, vi, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20034004.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8139,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri03-4004/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 69,37.833333333333336 ], [ 69,39 ], [ 74,39 ], [ 74,37.833333333333336 ], [ 69,37.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a0e4b07f02db5bdc1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risley, John","contributorId":38128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risley","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walder, Joseph","contributorId":33795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denlinger, Roger","contributorId":42663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}