This report reviews the seismicity and surface ruptures associated with the 1982-1985 earthquake sequence in the Coalinga region in California, and the role of Coulomb stress in triggering the mainshock sequence and aftershocks. The 1982-1985 New Idria, Coalinga, and Kettleman Hills earthquakes struck on a series of west-dipping, en echelon blind thrust faults. Each earthquake was accompanied by uplift of a Quaternary anticline atop the fault, and each was accompanied by a vigorous aftershock sequence. Aftershocks were widely dispersed, and are seen above and below the thrust fault, as well as along the up-dip and down-dip projection of the main thrust fault. For the Coalinga and Kettleman Hills earthquakes, high-angle reverse faults in the core of the anticlines are evident in seismic reflection profiles, and many of these faults are associated with small aftershocks. The shallowest aftershocks extended to within 3-4 km of the ground surface. There is no compelling evidence for aftershocks associated with flexural slip faulting. No secondary surface rupture was found on any of the anticlines. In contrast, the 1983 Nuñez rupture struck on a high-angle reverse fault 10 km west of the Coalinga epicenter, and over a 40-80-day period, up to 1 m of oblique surface slip occurred. The slip on this Holocene fault likely extended from the ground surface to a depth of 8-10 km. We argue that both the Nuñez and Kettleman earthquakes were triggered by stresses imparted by the Coalinga mainshock, which was the largest of the four events in the sequence.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061149","usgsCitation":"Lin, J., and Stein, R.S., 2006, Seismic constraints and Coulomb stress changes of a blind thrust fault system, 1: Coalinga and Kettleman Hills, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1149, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061149.","productDescription":"17 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7884,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1149/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7885,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1149/version_history.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":404847,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76604.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coalingua and Kettleman Hills","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.5833,\n 35.4167\n ],\n [\n -119.6667,\n 35.4167\n ],\n [\n -119.6667,\n 36.3333\n ],\n [\n -120.5833,\n 36.3333\n ],\n [\n -120.5833,\n 35.4167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","publicComments":"See related OFR 2006-1158","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbfda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lin, Jian","contributorId":16930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Jian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, Ross S. 0000-0001-7586-3933 rstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-3933","contributorId":2604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Ross","email":"rstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70184346,"text":"70184346 - 2006 - Monitored natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents: Moving beyond reductive dechlorination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-26T09:00:53","indexId":"70184346","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3249,"text":"Remediation Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitored natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents: Moving beyond reductive dechlorination","docAbstract":"Monitored natural attenuation (MNA), while a remedy of choice for many sites, can be challenging when the contaminants are chlorinated solvents. Even with many high-quality technical guidance references available, there continue to be challenges implementing MNA at some chlorinated solvent sites. The U.S. Department of Energy, as one organization facing such challenges, is leading a project that will incorporate developing concepts and tools into the existing toolbox for selecting and implementing MNA as a remediation option at sites with chlorinated solvent contamination. The structure and goals of this project were introduced in an article in the Winter 2004 issue of Remediation (Sink et al., 2004). This article is a summary of the three technical areas being developed through the project: mass balance, enhanced attenuation, and characterization and monitoring supporting the first two areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rem.20088","usgsCitation":"Vangelas, K.M., Looney, B.B., Early, T.O., Gilmore, T., Chapelle, F.H., Adams, K.M., and Sink, C.H., 2006, Monitored natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents: Moving beyond reductive dechlorination: Remediation Journal, v. 16, no. 3, p. 5-23, https://doi.org/10.1002/rem.20088.","productDescription":"19 p. ","startPage":"5","endPage":"23","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336982,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd4fde4b014cc3a3ba521","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vangelas, Karen M.","contributorId":187621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vangelas","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Looney, Brian B.","contributorId":187622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Looney","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Early, Tom O.","contributorId":187623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Early","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilmore, Tyler","contributorId":187624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilmore","given":"Tyler","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adams, Karen M.","contributorId":187626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sink, Claire H.","contributorId":187627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sink","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70173725,"text":"70173725 - 2006 - Shorebird avoidance of nearshore feeding and roosting areas at night correlates with presence of a nocturnal avian predator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T13:16:50","indexId":"70173725","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3704,"text":"Wader Study Group Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shorebird avoidance of nearshore feeding and roosting areas at night correlates with presence of a nocturnal avian predator","docAbstract":"We here report two anecdotes about avianinteractions relevant to the interpretation of differences in shorebirdhabitat use between day and night. Several studies have reported that shorebirds avoid feeding and roosting along nearshore areasat night yet commonly use these sites during daytime. This suggests that nighttime avoidance of nearshore places is a response to increased danger of predation. When mist-netting during autumn 2005 on nearshore intertidal habitats along South Spit, Egegik Bay (Alaska Peninsula), Alaska, we discovered that shorebirds that occurred there in large numbers during daytime low tides and roosted there during daytime high tides (especially Dunlin Calidris alpina, Rock Sandpipers Calidris ptilocnemis, Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola, and Surfbirds Aphriza virgata), were absent at night. Their avoidance of the area correlated with Short-eared Owls Asio flammeus concurrently hunting over the beach and adjacent intertidal habitats. Spotlighting over nearby expansive intertidal mudflats confirmed that the same suite of species continued to forage or roost nearby at night. To bring the story full circle, the morning following one mist-netting effort we found a Short-eared Owl on the beach that had been killed earlier by a Gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus. In the owl’s stomach were remains of a freshly devoured Dunlin.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wader Study Group Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Piersma, T., Gill, R., de Goeij, P., Dekinga, A., Shepherd, M., Ruthrauff, D.R., and Tibbitts, T.L., 2006, Shorebird avoidance of nearshore feeding and roosting areas at night correlates with presence of a nocturnal avian predator: Wader Study Group Bulletin, v. 109, p. 73-76.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"76","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57594232e4b04f417c256991","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piersma, Theunis","contributorId":45863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piersma","given":"Theunis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"de Goeij, Petra","contributorId":171547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Goeij","given":"Petra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dekinga, Anne","contributorId":52000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dekinga","given":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shepherd, Marnie","contributorId":171548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shepherd","given":"Marnie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ruthrauff, Daniel R. 0000-0003-1355-9156 druthrauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156","contributorId":4181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruthrauff","given":"Daniel","email":"druthrauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":102185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159348,"text":"70159348 - 2006 - CLICK: The new USGS center for LIDAR information coordination and knowledge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T16:08:52","indexId":"70159348","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CLICK: The new USGS center for LIDAR information coordination and knowledge","docAbstract":"Elevation data is rapidly becoming an important tool for the visualization and analysis of geographic information. The creation and display of three-dimensional models representing bare earth, vegetation, and structures have become major requirements for geographic research in the past few years. Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) has been increasingly accepted as an effective and accurate technology for acquiring high-resolution elevation data for bare earth, vegetation, and structures. Lidar is an active remote sensing system that records the distance, or range, of a laser fi red from an airborne or space borne platform such as an airplane, helicopter or satellite to objects or features on the Earth’s surface. By converting lidar data into bare ground topography and vegetation or structural morphologic information, extremely accurate, high-resolution elevation models can be derived to visualize and quantitatively represent scenes in three dimensions. In addition to high-resolution digital elevation models (Evans et al., 2001), other lidar-derived products include quantitative estimates of vegetative features such as canopy height, canopy closure, and biomass (Lefsky et al., 2002), and models of urban areas such as building footprints and three-dimensional city models (Maas, 2001).
","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Stoker, J.M., Greenlee, S.K., Gesch, D.B., and Menig, J.C., 2006, CLICK: The new USGS center for LIDAR information coordination and knowledge: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 72, no. 6, p. 613-616.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"613","endPage":"616","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310488,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":310487,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://asprs.org/a/publications/pers/2006journal/june/"}],"volume":"72","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08b5e4b011227bf1fd37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoker, Jason M. 0000-0003-2455-0931 jstoker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2455-0931","contributorId":3021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoker","given":"Jason","email":"jstoker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenlee, Susan K. sgreenlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenlee","given":"Susan","email":"sgreenlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":578117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gesch, Dean B. 0000-0002-8992-4933 gesch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8992-4933","contributorId":2956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gesch","given":"Dean","email":"gesch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Menig, Jordan C.","contributorId":51853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menig","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":76753,"text":"ofr20061079 - 2006 - Water-level altitudes 2006 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973-2005 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T16:55:18","indexId":"ofr20061079","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1079","title":"Water-level altitudes 2006 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973-2005 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas","docAbstract":"This report is one in an annual series of reports that depicts water-level altitudes and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers, and compaction in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region. The Houston-Galveston region comprises Harris, Galveston, Fort Bend, Waller, and Montgomery Counties and adjacent parts of Brazoria, Grimes, Walker, San Jacinto, Liberty, and Chambers Counties. The report was prepared in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Coastal Subsidence District, the City of Houston, the Fort Bend Subsidence District, and the Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District. For the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, maps show approximate water-level altitudes in 2006, water-level changes from 2005 to 2006, and approximate water-level changes from 2001 to 2006, from 1990 to 2006, and from 1977 to 2006 (figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10). For the Jasper aquifer, maps show approximate water-level altitudes in 2006 and water-level changes from 2005 to 2006 and 2000 to 2006 (figs. 11, 12, 13). The report also contains a map showing borehole extensometer (well equipped with compaction monitor) site locations (fig. 14) and graphs showing measured compaction of subsurface material at these sites from 1973 or later to 2005 (fig. 15).
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has published annual reports of water-level altitudes and water-level changes for the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region since 1979; and annual reports of same for the Fort Bend subregion (Fort Bend County and adjacent areas) since 1990. The USGS published its first water-level-altitude map for the Jasper aquifer in the greater Houston area (primarily Montgomery County) in 2001. The 2006 water-level-altitude and water-level-change maps for the three aquifers are included in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Coastal Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, and Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Kasmarek, M.C., Houston, N.A., and Brown, D.W., 2006, Water-level altitudes 2006 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973-2005 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1079, HTML Document; 15 plates: 17 x 22 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061079.","productDescription":"HTML Document; 15 plates: 17 x 22 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1973-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-03-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":7877,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1079/pdf/fig.zip","text":"15 Plates","size":"39.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"15 Plates"},{"id":7876,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr2006-1079/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":190512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061079.PNG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Galveston, Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.554345125748267\n ],\n [\n -94.52636718749999,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 30.29701788337205\n ],\n [\n -94.976806640625,\n 30.675715404167743\n ],\n [\n -95.07568359375,\n 30.829139422013956\n ],\n [\n -95.25970458984374,\n 30.954057859276126\n ],\n [\n -95.614013671875,\n 30.95876857077987\n ],\n [\n -96.064453125,\n 30.798474179567823\n ],\n [\n -96.2841796875,\n 30.64027517241868\n ],\n [\n -96.3446044921875,\n 30.462879341709886\n ],\n [\n -96.2237548828125,\n 30.073847754270204\n ],\n [\n -96.03149414062499,\n 29.410890376109\n ],\n [\n -95.82275390625,\n 29.080175989623203\n ],\n [\n -95.6304931640625,\n 28.9072060763367\n ],\n [\n -95.3558349609375,\n 28.8831596093235\n ],\n [\n -94.7515869140625,\n 29.291189838184863\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.554345125748267\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc9a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kasmarek, Mark C. 0000-0003-2808-2506 mckasmar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-2506","contributorId":1968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasmarek","given":"Mark","email":"mckasmar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Dexter W. dwbrown@usgs.gov","contributorId":3062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Dexter","email":"dwbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76752,"text":"fs20063072 - 2006 - Copper-silver deposits of the Revett Formation, Montana and Idaho: Origin and resource potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-15T20:10:33.908688","indexId":"fs20063072","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3072","title":"Copper-silver deposits of the Revett Formation, Montana and Idaho: Origin and resource potential","docAbstract":"The Revett Formation of northern Idaho and western Montana contains major stratabound copper-silver deposits near Troy, Rock Creek, and Rock Lake, Montana. To help the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) meet its goal of integrating geoscience information into the land-planning process, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists recently completed a compilation of regional stratigraphy and mineralogy of the Revett Formation and a mineral resource assessment of Revett-type copper-silver deposits. The USGS assessment indicates that a large area of USFS-administered land in northwestern Montana and northern Idaho may contain significant undiscovered Revett-type copper-silver deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20063072","usgsCitation":"Frost, T.P., and Zientek, M.L., 2006, Copper-silver deposits of the Revett Formation, Montana and Idaho: Origin and resource potential (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3072, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063072.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":297959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20063072.gif"},{"id":286170,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3072/downloads/fs2006-3072.pdf","text":"Report","size":"469 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":410566,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76599.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":297958,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3072/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Revett Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.3667,\n 47.35\n ],\n [\n -116.3667,\n 48.3833\n ],\n [\n -115.1167,\n 48.3833\n ],\n [\n -115.1167,\n 47.35\n ],\n [\n -116.3667,\n 47.35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frost, Thomas P. 0000-0001-8348-8432 tfrost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8348-8432","contributorId":203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"Thomas","email":"tfrost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zientek, Michael L. 0000-0002-8522-9626 mzientek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-9626","contributorId":2420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zientek","given":"Michael","email":"mzientek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76751,"text":"sir20065106 - 2006 - Freshwater and saline loads of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to Hood Canal and Lynch Cove, western Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T11:10:41","indexId":"sir20065106","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5106","title":"Freshwater and saline loads of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to Hood Canal and Lynch Cove, western Washington","docAbstract":"Hood Canal is a long (110 kilometers), deep (175 meters) and narrow (2 to 4 kilometers wide) fjord of Puget Sound in western Washington. The stratification of a less dense, fresh upper layer of the water column causes the cold, saltier lower layer of the water column to be isolated from the atmosphere in the late summer and autumn, which limits reaeration of the lower layer. In the upper layer of Hood Canal, the production of organic matter that settles and consumes dissolved oxygen in the lower layer appears to be limited by the load of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN): nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia. Freshwater and saline loads of DIN to Hood Canal were estimated from available historical data. The freshwater load of DIN to the upper layer of Hood Canal, which could be taken up by phytoplankton, came mostly from surface and ground water from subbasins, which accounts for 92 percent of total load of DIN to the upper layer of Hood Canal. Although DIN in rain falling on land surfaces amounts to about one-half of the DIN entering Hood Canal from subbasins, rain falling directly on the surface of marine waters contributed only 4 percent of the load to the upper layer. Point-source discharges and subsurface flow from shallow shoreline septic systems contributed less than 4 percent of the DIN load to the upper layer. DIN in saline water flowing over the sill into Hood Canal from Admiralty Inlet was at least 17 times the total load to the upper layer of Hood Canal.\r\n\r\nIn September and October 2004, field data were collected to estimate DIN loads to Lynch Cove - the most inland marine waters of Hood Canal that routinely contain low dissolved-oxygen waters. Based on measured streamflow and DIN concentrations, surface discharge was estimated to have contributed about one-fourth of DIN loads to the upper layer of Lynch Cove. Ground-water flow from subbasins was estimated to have contributed about one-half of total DIN loads to the upper layer. In autumn 2004, the relative contribution of DIN from shallow shoreline septic systems to the upper layer was higher in Lynch Cove (23 percent) than in the entire Hood Canal. Net transport of DIN into Lynch Cove by marine currents was measured during August and October 2004-a time of high biological productivity. The net transport of lower-layer water into Lynch Cove was significantly diminished relative to the flow entering Hood Canal at its entrance. Even though the net transport of saline water into the lower layer of Lynch Cove was only 119 cubic meters per second, estuarine currents between 33 and 47 m were estimated to have carried more than 35 times the total freshwater load of DIN to the upper layer from surface and ground water, shallow shoreline septic systems, and direct atmospheric rainfall.\r\n\r\nThe subsurface maximums in measured turbidity, chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon, and particulate organic nitrogen strongly suggest that the upward mixing of nitrate-rich deeper water is a limiting factor in supplying DIN to the upper layer that enhances marine productivity in Lynch Cove. The presence of phosphate in the upper layer in the absence of dissolved inorganic nitrogen also suggests that the biological productivity that leads to low dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the lower layer of Lynch Cove is limited by the supply of nitrogen rather than by phosphate loads. Although the near-shore zones of the shallow parts of Lynch Cove were sampled, a biogeochemical signal from terrestrial nitrogen was not found. Reversals in the normal estuarine circulation suggest that if the relative importance of the DIN load of freshwater terrestrial and atmospheric sources and the DIN load from transport of saline water by the estuarine circulation in controlling dissolved-oxygen concentrations in Lynch Cove is to be better understood, then the physical forces driving Hood Canal circulation must be better defined. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065106","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen Program","usgsCitation":"Paulson, A.J., Konrad, C.P., Frans, L.M., Noble, M., Kendall, C., Josberger, E.G., Huffman, R.L., and Olsen, T.D., 2006, Freshwater and saline loads of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to Hood Canal and Lynch Cove, western Washington (Version 1.1, Revised Aug 2007): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5106, viii, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065106.","productDescription":"viii, 93 p.","numberOfPages":"104","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7875,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5106/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.5,46 ], [ -124.5,49 ], [ -121,49 ], [ -121,46 ], [ -124.5,46 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.1, Revised Aug 2007","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6aba1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulson, Anthony J. 0000-0002-2358-8834 apaulson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-8834","contributorId":5236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Anthony","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konrad, Christopher P. 0000-0002-7354-547X cpkonrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-547X","contributorId":1716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Christopher","email":"cpkonrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frans, Lonna M. 0000-0002-3217-1862 lmfrans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-1862","contributorId":1493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frans","given":"Lonna","email":"lmfrans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noble, Marlene","contributorId":29463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Marlene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Josberger, Edward G. ejosberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":1710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"Edward","email":"ejosberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huffman, Raegan L. 0000-0001-8523-5439 rhuffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-5439","contributorId":1638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"Raegan","email":"rhuffman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Olsen, Theresa D. 0000-0003-4099-4057 tdolsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4099-4057","contributorId":1644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Theresa","email":"tdolsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":76750,"text":"sir20065073 - 2006 - Surface-water quality in rivers and drainage basins discharging to the southern part of Hood Canal, Mason and Kitsap Counties, Washington, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:21","indexId":"sir20065073","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5073","title":"Surface-water quality in rivers and drainage basins discharging to the southern part of Hood Canal, Mason and Kitsap Counties, Washington, 2004","docAbstract":"Concentrations of nutrients, major ions, organic carbon, suspended sediment, and the nitrogen isotope ratio of nitrate (delta15N) were collected at surface-water sites in rivers and drainage basins discharging to the southern part of Hood Canal, Mason and Kitsap Counties, Washington. Base-flow samples were collected from sites on the Union, Tahuya, and Skokomish Rivers from June to August 2004. \r\nConcentrations of nutrients at all sites were low. Ammonia and orthophosphate were less than the detection limit for most samples, and nitrate plus nitrite concentrations ranged from less than the detection limit of 0.06 to 0.49 milligram per liter (mg/L). Nitrate plus nitrite concentrations were near the detection limit of 0.06 mg/L in the North Fork, South Fork, and mainstem of the Skokomish River. The concentration of nitrate plus nitrite in the Tahuya River system above Lake Tahuya was 0.17 mg/L, but decreased to 0.1 mg/L or less downstream of Lake Tahuya. Overall, the Union River contained the highest nitrate plus nitrite concentrations of the three large river systems, ranging from 0.12 to 0.28 mg/L. \r\ndelta15N generally was within the range that encompasses most sources, providing little information on nitrate sources. Most nitrogen was in the dissolved inorganic form. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen in Lake Tahuya was converted into particulate and dissolved organic nitrogen. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations generally were less than 1 mg/L in the Tahuya and Skokomish Rivers and averaged 1.3 mg/L in the Union River. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations of 2.6 to 2.7 mg/L at sites just downstream of Lake Tahuya were highest for the three large river systems, and decreased to concentrations less than 1 mg/L, which was similar to concentrations in the Skokomish River. \r\nTotal nitrogen concentrations near 0.5 mg/L were measured at two sites: Unnamed Creek at Purdy-Cutoff Road (site S2b) and downstream of Lake Devereaux (site SP5). Concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite were highest at site S2b (0.49 mg/L), and dissolved organic carbon concentrations (3.3 mg/L) were highest at the outlet of Lake Devereaux. However, the overall impact of these sites on the nutrient loading to Hood Canal probably is negligible because of the low streamflow and small loads. \r\nSpringtime samples were collected from the Union River, Tahuya River, Mission Creek, and three smaller drainage basins in March 2004. Samples were collected during spring rain events to determine if increased runoff contributes larger amounts of sediment and nutrients from the land into the surface water. There was little difference in nutrient concentrations between samples collected in the spring and base-flow samples collected in the summer. This is likely due to the fact that the springtime samples were collected during a rain event and not necessarily during a peak in the hydrograph. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065073","usgsCitation":"Frans, L., Paulson, A., Huffman, R., and Osbourne, S., 2006, Surface-water quality in rivers and drainage basins discharging to the southern part of Hood Canal, Mason and Kitsap Counties, Washington, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5073, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065073.","productDescription":"32 p.","numberOfPages":"32","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7874,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5073/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a7f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frans, L.M.","contributorId":74803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frans","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paulson, A.J. apaulson@usgs.gov","contributorId":89617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"A.J.","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huffman, R.L.","contributorId":44956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Osbourne, S.N.","contributorId":95157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osbourne","given":"S.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":76749,"text":"sir20055084 - 2006 - Physical and hydrochemical evidence of lake leakage near Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam and of ground-water inflow to Lake Seminole, and an assessment of karst features in and near the lake, southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-20T22:26:29.752709","indexId":"sir20055084","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5084","title":"Physical and hydrochemical evidence of lake leakage near Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam and of ground-water inflow to Lake Seminole, and an assessment of karst features in and near the lake, southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida","docAbstract":"Hydrogeologic data and water-chemistry analyses indicate that Lake Seminole leaks into the Upper Floridan aquifer near Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida, and that ground water enters Lake Seminole along upstream reaches of the lake’s four impoundment arms (Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers, Spring Creek, and Fishpond Drain). Written accounts by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers geologists during dam construction in the late 1940s and early 1950s, and construction-era photographs, document karst-solution features in the limestone that comprise the lake bottom and foundation rock to the dam, and confirm the hydraulic connection of the lake and aquifer. More than 250 karst features having the potential to connect the lake and aquifer were identified from preimpoundment aerial photographs taken during construction. An interactive map containing a photomosaic of 53 photographic negatives was orthorectfied to digital images of 1:24,000-scale topographic maps to aid in identifying karst features that function or have the potential to function as locations of water exchange between Lake Seminole and the Upper Floridan aquifer. Some identified karst features coincide with locations of mapped springs, spring runs, and depressions that are consistent with sinkholes and sinkhole ponds.
Hydrographic surveys using a multibeam echosounder (sonar) with sidescan sonar identified sinkholes in the lake bottom along the western lakeshore and in front of the dam. Dye-tracing experiments indicate that lake water enters these sinkholes and is transported through the Upper Floridan aquifer around the west side of the dam at velocities of about 500 feet per hour to locations where water \"boils up\" on land (at Polk Lake Spring) and in the channel bottom of the Apalachicola River (at the \"River Boil\"). Water discharging from Polk Lake Spring joins flow from a spring-fed ground-water discharge zone located downstream of the dam; the combined flow disappears into a sinkhole located on the western floodplain of the river and is transmitted through the Upper Floridan aquifer, eventually discharging to the Apalachicola River at the River Boil. Acoustic Doppler current profiling yielded flow estimates from the River Boil in the range from about 140 to 220 cubic feet per second, which represents from about 1 to 3 percent of the average daily flow in the river. Binary mixing-model analysis using naturally occurring isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen (oxygen-18 and deuterium) indicates that discharge from the River Boil consists of a 13-to-1 ratio of lake water to ground water and that other sources of lake leakage and discharge to the boil probably exist.
Analyses of major ions, nutrients, radon-222, and stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen contained in water samples collected from 29 wells, 7 lake locations, and 5 springs in the Lake Seminole area during 2000 indicate distinct chemical signatures for ground water and surface water. Ground-water samples contained higher concentrations of calcium and magnesium, and higher alkalinity and specific conductance than surface-water samples, which contained relatively high concentrations of total organic carbon and sulfate. Solute and isotopic tracers indicate that, from May to October 2000, springflow exhibited more ground-water qualities (high specific conductance, low dissolved oxygen, and low temperature) than surface water; however, the ratio of ground water to surface water of the springs was difficult to quantify from November to April because of reduced springflow and rapid mixing of springflow and lake water during sampling. The saturation index of calcite in surface-water samples indicates that while surface water is predominately undersaturated with regard to calcite year-round, a higher potential for dissolution of the limestone matrix exists from late fall through early spring than during summer.
The relatively short residence time (5–7 hours) and rapid flow velocity (nearly 500 feet per hour) of lake water leaking into the Upper Floridan aquifer and exiting at the River Boil in the Apalachicola River implies that calcite-undersaturated water is in constant contact with the limestone, increasing the potential for limestone dissolution and enlargement of flow pathways by erosion. A relatively low potential exists, however, for limestone dissolution to cause sudden sinkhole collapse followed by catastrophic lake drainage because ground-water levels close to the lake, except near the dam, are nearly the same as lake stage, resulting in low vertical and lateral hydraulic gradients and low flow between the lake and aquifer. An increased potential for lake leakage and sinkhole formation and collapse exists near some in-lake springs during colder months of the year, as density differences and the hydraulic potential between lake water and ground water establish the conditions for calcite-undersaturated lake water to enter nonflowing springs and contact limestone.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055084","usgsCitation":"Torak, L.J., Crilley, D.M., and Painter, J.A., 2006, Physical and hydrochemical evidence of lake leakage near Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam and of ground-water inflow to Lake Seminole, and an assessment of karst features in and near the lake, southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5084, ix, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055084.","productDescription":"ix, 80 p.","numberOfPages":"89","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7871,"rank":1000,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://ga.water.usgs.gov/download/lakeseminole/lakeseminole.zip"},{"id":7870,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5084/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":394633,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76596.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Jim Woodruff lock and dam, Lake Seminole","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85,\n 30.6667\n ],\n [\n -84.5,\n 30.6667\n ],\n [\n -84.5,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -85,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -85,\n 30.6667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6486d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torak, Lynn J. ljtorak@usgs.gov","contributorId":401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torak","given":"Lynn","email":"ljtorak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crilley, Dianna M. 0000-0003-0432-5948 dcrilley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0432-5948","contributorId":3896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crilley","given":"Dianna","email":"dcrilley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Painter, Jaime A. 0000-0001-8883-9158 jpainter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8883-9158","contributorId":1466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Jaime","email":"jpainter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70210276,"text":"70210276 - 2006 - Phylogeographic analyses suggest multiple lineages of Crystallaria asprella (Percidae: Etheostominae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T16:13:50.940545","indexId":"70210276","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-28T10:54:37","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogeographic analyses suggest multiple lineages of Crystallaria asprella (Percidae: Etheostominae)","docAbstract":"The crystal darter, Crystallaria asprella, exists in geographically isolated populations that may be glacial relicts from its former, wide distribution in the Eastern U.S. An initial phylogeographic survey of C. asprella based upon the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene indicated that there were at least four distinct populations within the species: Ohio River basin, Upper Mississippi River, Gulf coast, and lower Mississippi River. In particular, the most divergent population was the most recently discovered, from the Elk River, WV, in the Ohio River basin, and it was postulated that this population represents an undescribed, potentially threatened species. However, differentiation observed at a single gene region is generally not considered sufficient evidence to establish taxonomic status. In the present study, nucleotide variation at the mitochondrial control region and a nuclear S7 ribosomal gene intron were compared to provide independent verification of phylogeographic results between individuals collected from the same five disjunct populations previously surveyed. Variation between populations at the control region was substantial (except between Gulf drainages) and was concordant with patterns of sequence divergence from cyt b. Only the Elk River population was resolved as monophyletic based upon nuclear S7, but significant differences based upon ΦST statistics were observed between most populations. Morphometric data were consistent with molecular data regarding the distinctiveness of the Elk River population. It is proposed that populations of C. asprella consist of at least four distinct population segments, and that the Elk River group likely constitutes a distinct species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10592-005-5681-8","usgsCitation":"Morrison, C., Lemarie, D.P., Wood, R., and King, T., 2006, Phylogeographic analyses suggest multiple lineages of Crystallaria asprella (Percidae: Etheostominae): Conservation Genetics, v. 7, p. 129-147, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-005-5681-8.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"147","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Minnesota, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.23046875,\n 45.213003555993964\n ],\n [\n -93.33984375,\n 45.213003555993964\n ],\n [\n -93.33984375,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 44.15068115978094\n ],\n [\n -91.23046875,\n 45.213003555993964\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.42773437499999,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -93.07617187499999,\n 32.02670629333614\n ],\n [\n -91.93359375,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n -91.34033203125,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -92.46093749999999,\n 34.65128519895413\n ],\n [\n -93.4716796875,\n 34.361576287484176\n ],\n [\n -93.42773437499999,\n 33.797408767572485\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 32.36140331527543\n ],\n [\n -90.54931640625,\n 30.713503990354965\n ],\n [\n -84.72656249999999,\n 32.84267363195431\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -89.033203125,\n 33.7243396617476\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 32.36140331527543\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.76025390625,\n 38.47939467327645\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 36.40359962073253\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 36.1733569352216\n ],\n [\n -79.73876953125,\n 37.70120736474139\n ],\n [\n -80.04638671875,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -81.76025390625,\n 38.47939467327645\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl 0000-0001-9425-691X cmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":202644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lemarie, David P.","contributorId":30914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemarie","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, R.M.","contributorId":80907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70178398,"text":"70178398 - 2006 - Downstream aggradation owing to lava dome extrusion and rainfall runoff at Volcán Santiaguito, Guatemala","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T13:12:58","indexId":"70178398","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Downstream aggradation owing to lava dome extrusion and rainfall runoff at Volcán Santiaguito, Guatemala","docAbstract":"Persistent lava extrusion at the Santiaguito dome complex (Guatemala) results in continuous lahar activity and river bed aggradation downstream of the volcano. We present a simple method that uses vegetation indices extracted from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data to map impacted zones. Application of this technique to a time series of 21 TM images acquired between 1987 and 2000 allow us to map, measure, and track temporal and spatial variations in the area of lahar impact and river aggradation.
In the proximal zone of the fluvial system, these data show a positive correlation between extrusion rate at Santiaguito (E), aggradation area 12 months later (Aprox), and rainfall during the intervening 12 months (Rain12): Aprox=3.92+0.50 E+0.31 ln(Rain12) (r2=0.79). This describes a situation in which an increase in sediment supply (extrusion rate) and/or a means to mobilize this sediment (rainfall) results in an increase in lahar activity (aggraded area). Across the medial zone, we find a positive correlation between extrusion rate and/or area of proximal aggradation and medial aggradation area (Amed): Amed=18.84-0.05 Aprox - 6.15 Rain12 (r2=0.85). Here the correlation between rainfall and aggradation area is negative. This describes a situation in which increased sediment supply results in an increase in lahar activity but, because it is the zone of transport, an increase in rainfall serves to increase the transport efficiency of rivers flowing through this zone. Thus, increased rainfall flushes the medial zone of sediment.
These quantitative data allow us to empirically define the links between sediment supply and mobilization in this fluvial system and to derive predictive relationships that use rainfall and extrusion rates to estimate aggradation area 12 months hence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2006.2412(05)","usgsCitation":"Harris, A.J., Vallance, J.W., Kimberly, P., Rose, W., Matias, O., Bunzendahl, E., Flynn, L.P., and Garbeil, H., 2006, Downstream aggradation owing to lava dome extrusion and rainfall runoff at Volcán Santiaguito, Guatemala: GSA Special Papers, v. 412, p. 85-104, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.2412(05).","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"104","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Guatemala","otherGeospatial":"Volcán Santiaguito","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.77978515625,\n 15.998295390404955\n ],\n [\n -90.3131103515625,\n 15.464269084198357\n ],\n [\n -90.75256347656249,\n 13.923403897723347\n ],\n [\n -91.1920166015625,\n 13.902075852500483\n ],\n [\n -91.58752441406249,\n 13.98204586611312\n ],\n [\n -91.812744140625,\n 14.120594658156678\n ],\n [\n -92.0489501953125,\n 14.306969497825788\n ],\n [\n -92.2137451171875,\n 14.471915406528263\n ],\n [\n -92.186279296875,\n 14.578267209240462\n ],\n [\n -92.1368408203125,\n 14.626108798876839\n ],\n [\n -92.142333984375,\n 14.764259178591587\n ],\n [\n -92.17529296875,\n 14.854540884509145\n ],\n [\n -92.10937499999999,\n 14.891704754215477\n ],\n [\n -92.13134765625,\n 14.971320017312587\n ],\n [\n -92.0819091796875,\n 15.019074989409148\n ],\n [\n -92.0489501953125,\n 15.10394633500913\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 15.262988555023204\n ],\n [\n -91.77978515625,\n 15.998295390404955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"412","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582dd8eae4b04d580bd3fa9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Andrew J. L.","contributorId":169434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vallance, James W. 0000-0002-3083-5469 jvallance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5469","contributorId":547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"James","email":"jvallance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kimberly, Paul","contributorId":104993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimberly","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rose, William I.","contributorId":174117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rose","given":"William I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matias, Otoniel","contributorId":176913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matias","given":"Otoniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bunzendahl, Elly","contributorId":176914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunzendahl","given":"Elly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":653965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flynn, Luke P.","contributorId":176915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flynn","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Garbeil, Harold","contributorId":174447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garbeil","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17202,"text":"University of Hawaii, Manoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":653967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":76745,"text":"tm6A17 - 2006 - User guide for the farm process (FMP1) for the U.S. Geological Survey's modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model, MODFLOW-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"tm6A17","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A17","title":"User guide for the farm process (FMP1) for the U.S. Geological Survey's modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model, MODFLOW-2000","docAbstract":"There is a need to estimate dynamically integrated supply-and-demand components of irrigated agriculture as part of the simulation of surface-water and ground-water flow. To meet this need, a computer program called the Farm Process (FMP1) was developed for the U.S. Geological Survey three-dimensional finite-difference modular ground-water flow model, MODFLOW- 2000 (MF2K). The FMP1 allows MF2K users to simulate conjunctive use of surface- and ground water for irrigated agriculture for historical and future simulations, water-rights issues and operational decisions, nondrought and drought scenarios. By dynamically integrating farm delivery requirement, surface- and ground-water delivery, as well as irrigation-return flow, the FMP1 allows for the estimation of supplemental well pumpage. While farm delivery requirement and irrigation return flow are simulated by the FMP1, the surface-water delivery to the farm can be simulated optionally by coupling the FMP1 with the Streamflow Routing Package (SFR1) and the farm well pumping can be simulated optionally by coupling the FMP1 to the Multi-Node Well (MNW) Package. In addition, semi-routed deliveries can be specified that are associated with points of diversion in the SFR1 stream network. Nonrouted surface-water deliveries can be specified independently of any stream network. The FMP1 maintains a dual mass balance of a farm budget and as part of the ground-water budget.\r\n\r\nIrrigation demand, supply, and return flow are in part subject to head-dependent sources and sinks such as evapotranspiration from ground water and leakage between the conveyance system and the aquifer. Farm well discharge and farm net recharge are source/sink terms in the FMP1, which depend on transpiration uptake from ground water and other head dependent consumptive use components. For heads rising above the bottom of the root zone, the actual transpiration is taken to vary proportionally with the depth of the active root zone, which can be restricted by anoxia or wilting. Depths corresponding to anoxia- or wilting-related pressure heads within the root zone are found using analytical solutions of a vertical pseudo steady-state pressure- head distribution over the depth of the total root zone (Consumptive Use Concept 1). Alternatively, a simpler, conceptual model is available, which defines how consumptive use (CU) components vary with changing head (CU Concept 2).\r\n\r\nSubtracting the ground water and precipitation transpiration components from the total transpiration yields a transpiratory irrigation requirement for each cell. The total farm delivery requirement (TFDR) then is determined as cumulative transpiratory and evaporative irrigation requirements of all farm cells and increased sufficiently to compensate for inefficient use from irrigation with respect to plant consumption. The TFDR subsequently is satisfied with surface- and ground-water delivery, respectively constrained by allotments, water rights, or maximum capacities.\r\n\r\nFive economic and noneconomic drought response policies can be applied optionally, if the potential supply of surface water and ground water is insufficient to meet the crop demand: acreage-optimization with or without a water conservation pool, deficit irrigation with or without water-stacking, and zero policy. ","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Book 6: Modeling techniques, Section A. Ground-water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tm6A17","usgsCitation":"Schmid, W., Hanson, R.T., Maddock, T., and Leake, S.A., 2006, User guide for the farm process (FMP1) for the U.S. Geological Survey's modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model, MODFLOW-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A17, xii, 127 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A17.","productDescription":"xii, 127 p.","numberOfPages":"139","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7843,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7842,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm6A17/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cbe4b07f02db5d8725","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmid, Wolfgang","contributorId":84020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Wolfgang","affiliations":[{"id":13040,"text":"Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":287789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maddock, Thomas III","contributorId":32983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maddock","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leake, S. A.","contributorId":52164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":76747,"text":"ofr20041101 - 2006 - Overview: DVD-video disc set of seafloor transects during USGS research cruises in the Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-09T15:36:30","indexId":"ofr20041101","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1101","title":"Overview: DVD-video disc set of seafloor transects during USGS research cruises in the Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"Many USGS research programs involve the gathering of underwater seafloor video footage. This footage was captured on a variety of media, including Beta III and VHS tapes. Much of this media is now deteriorating, prompting the migration of this video footage onto DVD-Video discs. Advantages of using DVD-Video discs are: less storage space, ease of transport, wider distribution, and non-degradational viewing of the media.
\nThe videos in this particular collection (328 of them) were made on the ocean floor under President Reagan's Exclusive Economic Zone proclamation of 1983. There are now five copies of these 328 discs in existence: at the USGS libraries in Menlo Park, Calif., Denver, Colo., and Reston, Va.; at the USGS Publications Warehouse (masters from which to make copies for customers); and Hank Chezar's USGS Western Coastal and Marine Geology team archives.
\nThe purpose of Open-File Report 2004-1101 is to provide users with a listing of the available DVD-Video discs (with their Open-File Report numbers) along with a brief description of their associated USGS research activities. Each disc was created by first encoding the source video and audio into MPEG-2 streams using the MediaPress Pro hardware encoder. A menu for the disc was then made using Adobe Photoshop 6.0. The disc was then authored using DVD Studio Pro and subsequently written onto a DVD-R recordable disc.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041101","usgsCitation":"Chezar, H., and Newman, I., 2006, Overview: DVD-video disc set of seafloor transects during USGS research cruises in the Pacific Ocean: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1101, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041101.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20041101.PNG"},{"id":7849,"rank":200,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1101/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbd08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chezar, Henry hchezar@usgs.gov","contributorId":2964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chezar","given":"Henry","email":"hchezar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newman, Ivy","contributorId":86053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Ivy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76746,"text":"sir20065067 - 2006 - External quality-assurance results for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program / National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:09","indexId":"sir20065067","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5067","title":"External quality-assurance results for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program / National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2004","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) used five programs to provide external quality-assurance monitoring for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) and two programs to provide external quality-assurance monitoring for the NADP/Mercury Deposition Network (NADP/MDN) during 2004. An intersite-comparison program was used to estimate accuracy and precision of field-measured pH and specific-conductance. The variability and bias of NADP/NTN data attributed to field exposure, sample handling and shipping, and laboratory chemical analysis were estimated using the sample-handling evaluation (SHE), field-audit, and interlaboratory-comparison programs. Overall variability of NADP/NTN data was estimated using a collocated-sampler program. Variability and bias of NADP/MDN data attributed to field exposure, sample handling and shipping, and laboratory chemical analysis were estimated using a system-blank program and an interlaboratory-comparison program.\r\n\r\nIn two intersite-comparison studies, approximately 89 percent of NADP/NTN site operators met the pH measurement accuracy goals, and 94.7 to 97.1 percent of NADP/NTN site operators met the accuracy goals for specific conductance. Field chemistry measurements were discontinued by NADP at the end of 2004. As a result, the USGS intersite-comparison program also was discontinued at the end of 2004.\r\n\r\nVariability and bias in NADP/NTN data due to sample handling and shipping were estimated from paired-sample concentration differences and specific conductance differences obtained for the SHE program. Median absolute errors (MAEs) equal to less than 3 percent were indicated for all measured analytes except potassium and hydrogen ion. Positive bias was indicated for most of the measured analytes except for calcium, hydrogen ion and specific conductance. Negative bias for hydrogen ion and specific conductance indicated loss of hydrogen ion and decreased specific conductance from contact of the sample with the collector bucket.\r\n\r\nField-audit results for 2004 indicate dissolved analyte loss in more than one-half of NADP/NTN wet-deposition samples for all analytes except chloride. Concentrations of contaminants also were estimated from field-audit data. On the basis of 2004 field-audit results, at least 25 percent of the 2004 NADP/NTN concentrations for sodium, potassium, and chloride were lower than the maximum sodium, potassium, and chloride contamination likely to be found in 90 percent of the samples with 90-percent confidence.\r\n\r\nVariability and bias in NADP/NTN data attributed to chemical analysis by the NADP Central Analytical Laboratory (CAL) were comparable to the variability and bias estimated for other laboratories participating in the interlaboratory-comparison program for all analytes. Variability in NADP/NTN ammonium data evident in 2002-03 was reduced substantially during 2004. Sulfate, hydrogen-ion, and specific conductance data reported by CAL during 2004 were positively biased. A significant (a = 0.05) bias was identified for CAL sodium, potassium, ammonium, and nitrate data, but the absolute values of the median differences for these analytes were less than the method detection limits. No detections were reported for CAL analyses of deionized-water samples, indicating that contamination was not a problem for CAL.\r\n\r\nControl charts show that CAL data were within statistical control during at least 90 percent of 2004. Most 2004 CAL interlaboratory-comparison results for synthetic wet-deposition solutions were within ?10 percent of the most probable values (MPVs) for solution concentrations except for chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and specific conductance results from one sample in November and one specific conductance result in December.\r\n\r\nOverall variability of NADP/NTN wet-deposition measurements was estimated during water year 2004 by the median absolute errors for weekly wet-deposition sample concentrations and precipitation measurements for tw","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065067","usgsCitation":"Wetherbee, G.A., Latysh, N.E., and Greene, S.M., 2006, External quality-assurance results for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program / National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5067, vii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065067.","productDescription":"vii, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"59","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192225,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7846,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5067/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68833d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetherbee, Gregory A. 0000-0002-6720-2294 wetherbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-2294","contributorId":1044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"Gregory","email":"wetherbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Latysh, Natalie E.","contributorId":39860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latysh","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greene, Shannon M.","contributorId":103751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76744,"text":"ofr20061119 - 2006 - Magnetotelluric survey to locate the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone north of Wells, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:06","indexId":"ofr20061119","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1119","title":"Magnetotelluric survey to locate the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone north of Wells, Nevada","docAbstract":"It is important to know whether major mining districts in the Northern Nevada Gold Province are underlain by rocks of the Archean Wyoming craton, which are known to contain orogenic gold deposits, or by accreted rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Mojave province. It is also important to know the location and orientation of the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone between these provinces as well as major basement structures within these terranes because they may influence subsequent patterns of sedimentation, deformation, magmatism, and hydrothermal activity. The Archean was the main gold-mineralization period, and Archean lode-gold deposits were formed at mid-crustal depths along major shear zones.\r\n\r\nThe nature of the crystalline basement below the Northern Nevada Gold Province and the location of major faults within it are relevant to Rodinian reconstructions, crustal development, and ore deposit models (e.g., Hofstra and Cline, 2000; Grauch and others, 2003). According to Whitmeyer and Karlstrom (2004), the Archean cratons of the northwestern United States and Canada had stabilized as continental lithosphere by 2.5 Ga, and were rifted and assembled into a large continental mass by 1.8 Ga, to which the 1.73-1.68 Ga Mohave province was accreted by 1.65 Ga. The Archean/Proterozoic suture zone has a west-southwest strike where it is exposed (Reed, 1993) at the eastern Utah and southwestern Wyoming border (Cheyenne Belt) where it is characterized by an up to 7-km-thick mylonite zone (Smithson and Boyd, 1998). In the Great Basin, the strike of the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone is poorly constrained because it is largely concealed below a Neoproterozoic-Paleozoic miogeocline and basin fill. East-west and southwest-northeast strikes for the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone have been inferred based on Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions of granitoid intrusions (Tosdal and others, 2000). To better constrain the location and strike of the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone below cover, three regional north-south magnetotelluric (MT) sounding profiles were acquired in western Utah and northeastern Nevada (Williams and Rodriguez, 2003; 2004; 2005), and one east-west MT sounding profile (fig. 1) MT sounding profile was acquired in northeastern Nevada. Resistivity modeling of the MT data can be used to investigate buried structures or sutures that may have influenced subsequent regional fluid flow and localized mineralization. The purpose of this report is to release the MT sounding data collected along the east-west profile in northeastern Nevada; no interpretation of the data is included.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061119","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.M., and Rodriguez, B.D., 2006, Magnetotelluric survey to locate the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone north of Wells, Nevada (Revised and reprinted; Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1119, iii, 93 p.; MT plot appendix [88 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061119.","productDescription":"iii, 93 p.; MT plot appendix [88 p.]","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":438861,"rank":101,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7GH9GW0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Magnetotelluric sounding data, stations 26 to 36, north of Wells, Nevada, 2005"},{"id":192586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7840,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Revised and reprinted; Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6494a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Jackie M.","contributorId":11217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Jackie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Brian D. 0000-0002-2263-611X brod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-611X","contributorId":836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Brian","email":"brod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76743,"text":"sim2921 - 2006 - Geologic map of the Western Grove quadrangle, northwestern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:37","indexId":"sim2921","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2921","title":"Geologic map of the Western Grove quadrangle, northwestern Arkansas","docAbstract":"This map summarizes the geology of the Western Grove 7.5-minute quadrangle in northern Arkansas that is located on the southern flank of the Ozark dome, a late Paleozoic regional uplift. The exposed bedrock of this map area comprises approximately 1,000 ft of Ordovician and Mississippian carbonate and clastic sedimentary rocks that have been mildly folded and broken by faults. A segment of the Buffalo River loops through the southern part of the quadrangle, and the river and adjacent lands form part of Buffalo National River, a park administered by the U.S. National Park Service. This geologic map provides information to better understand the natural resources of the Buffalo River watershed, particularly its karst hydrogeologic framework.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2921","usgsCitation":"Hudson, M., Turner, K.J., and Repetski, J.E., 2006, Geologic map of the Western Grove quadrangle, northwestern Arkansas (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2921, 1 map sheet, approx 44 x 34 in.; GIS data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2921.","productDescription":"1 map sheet, approx 44 x 34 in.; GIS data files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110645,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76594.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76594"},{"id":193196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7838,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2921/downloads/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7839,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2921/downloads/wgrove_meta.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":7837,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2921/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"UTM Zone 15, NAD 27","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93,36 ], [ -93,36.1175 ], [ -92.86749999999999,36.1175 ], [ -92.86749999999999,36 ], [ -93,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a011","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, Mark R. 0000-0003-0338-6079 mhudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-6079","contributorId":1236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Mark R.","email":"mhudson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Kenzie J. 0000-0002-4940-3981 kturner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4940-3981","contributorId":496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Kenzie","email":"kturner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Repetski, John E. 0000-0002-2298-7120 jrepetski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-7120","contributorId":2596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"John","email":"jrepetski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76742,"text":"fs20063044 - 2006 - Freshwater diatomite deposits in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:23","indexId":"fs20063044","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3044","title":"Freshwater diatomite deposits in the western United States","docAbstract":"Freshwater diatomite deposits in the Western United States are found in lake beds that formed millions of years ago. These diatom-rich sediments are among the Nation's largest commercial diatomite deposits. Each deposit contains billions of tiny diatom skeletons, which are widely used for filtration, absorption, and abrasives. New studies by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) are revealing how ancient lakes in the Western States produced such large numbers of diatoms. These findings can be used by both land-use managers and mining companies to better evaluate diatomite resources in the region.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20063044","usgsCitation":"Wallace, A.R., Frank, D.G., and Founie, A., 2006, Freshwater diatomite deposits in the western United States (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3044, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063044.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3044.jpg"},{"id":7833,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3044/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8596","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, Alan R.","contributorId":6024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, David G. dfrank@usgs.gov","contributorId":3274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"David","email":"dfrank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Founie, Alan","contributorId":27575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Founie","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76741,"text":"ofr20061110 - 2006 - Geophysical studies of the Crump Geyser known geothermal resource area, Oregon, in 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:07","indexId":"ofr20061110","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1110","title":"Geophysical studies of the Crump Geyser known geothermal resource area, Oregon, in 1975","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted geophysical studies in support of the resource appraisal of the Crump Geyser Known Geothermal Resource Area (KGRA). This area was designated as a KGRA by the USGS, and this designation became effective on December 24, 1970. The land classification standards for a KGRA were established by the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970 (Public Law 91-581). Federal lands so classified required competitive leasing for the development of geothermal resources. \r\n\r\nThe author presented an administrative report of USGS geophysical studies entitled 'Geophysical background of the Crump Geyser area, Oregon, KGRA' to a USGS resource committee on June 17, 1975. This report, which essentially was a description of geophysical data and a preliminary interpretation without discussion of resource appraisal, is in Appendix 1. Reduction of sheets or plates in the original administrative report to page-size figures, which are listed and appended to the back of the text in Appendix 1, did not seem to significantly degrade legibility. Bold print in the text indicates where minor changes were made. A colored page-size index and tectonic map, which also show regional geology not shown in figure 2, was substituted for original figure 1. Detailed descriptions for the geologic units referenced in the text and shown on figures 1 and 2 were separately defined by Walker and Repenning (1965) and presumably were discussed in other reports to the committee. Heavy dashed lines on figures 1 and 2 indicate the approximate KGRA boundary. \r\n\r\nOne of the principal results of the geophysical studies was to obtain a gravity map (Appendix 1, fig. 10; Plouff, and Conradi, 1975, pl. 9), which reflects the fault-bounded steepness of the west edge of sediments and locates the maximum thickness of valley sediments at about 10 kilometers south of Crump Geyser. Based on the indicated regional-gravity profile and density-contrast assumptions for the two-dimensional profile, the maximum sediment thickness was estimated at 820 meters. A three-dimensional gravity model would have yielded a greater thickness. Audiomagnotelluric measurements were not made as far south as the location of the gravity low, as determined in the field, due to a lack of communication at that time. A boat was borrowed to collect gravity measurements along the edge of Crump Lake, but the attempt was curtailed by harsh, snowy weather on May 21, 1975, which shortly followed days of hot temperature. \r\n\r\nMost of the geophysical data and illustrations in Appendix 1 have been published (Gregory and Martinez, 1975; Plouff, 1975; and Plouff and Conradi, 1975), and Donald Plouff (1986) discussed a gravity interpretation of Warner Valley at the Fall 1986 American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco. Further interpretation of possible subsurface geologic sources of geophysical anomalies was not discussed in Appendix 1. For example, how were apparent resistivity lows (Appendix 1, figs. 3-6) centered near Crump Geyser affected by a well and other manmade electrically conductive or magnetic objects? What is the geologic significance of the 15-milligal eastward decrease across Warner Valley? The explanation that the two-dimensional gravity model (Appendix 1, fig. 14) was based on an inverse iterative method suggested by Bott (1960) was not included. Inasmuch as there was no local subsurface rock density distribution information to further constrain the gravity model, the three-dimensional methodology suggested by Plouff (1976) was not attempted. \r\n\r\nInasmuch as the associated publication by Plouff (1975), which released the gravity data, is difficult to obtain and not in digital format, that report is reproduced in Appendix 2. Two figures of the publication are appended to the back of the text. A later formula for the theoretical value of gravity for the given latitudes at sea level (International Association of Geodesy, 1971) should be used to re-compute gravity anomalies. To merge t","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061110","collaboration":"Figs. 6,7 skipped in numbering","usgsCitation":"Plouff, D., 2006, Geophysical studies of the Crump Geyser known geothermal resource area, Oregon, in 1975 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1110, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061110.","productDescription":"49 p.","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1975-01-01","temporalEnd":"1975-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":378,"text":"Menlo Park Geophysical Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7832,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1110/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c377","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plouff, Donald","contributorId":94657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plouff","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76740,"text":"ds180 - 2006 - Capitol Lake, Washington, 2004 data summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-23T15:48:40","indexId":"ds180","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"180","title":"Capitol Lake, Washington, 2004 data summary","docAbstract":"At the request of the Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE), the US Geological Survey (USGS) collected bathymetry data in Capital Lake, Olympia, Wash., on September 21, 2004. The data are to be used to calculate sediment infilling rates within the lake as well as for developing the bottom boundary conditions for numerical models of water quality, sediment transport, and morphological change. In addition, the USGS collected sediment samples in Capitol Lake in February, 2005, to help characterize bottom sediment for numerical model calculations and substrate assessment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds180","usgsCitation":"Eshleman, J., Ruggiero, P., Kingsley, E., Gelfenbaum, G., and George, D., 2006, Capitol Lake, Washington, 2004 data summary (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 180, Report: 31 p.; Metadata; 2 Data Packages, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds180.","productDescription":"Report: 31 p.; Metadata; 2 Data Packages","numberOfPages":"35","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds180.JPG"},{"id":7829,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/180/ds-180_metadata/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7830,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/180/ds-180_data_04.zip"},{"id":7831,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/180/ds-180_data_05.zip"},{"id":7828,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/180/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295699,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/180/ds-180.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Capitol Lake","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5ffc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eshleman, Jodi","contributorId":41909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eshleman","given":"Jodi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":15709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":287773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kingsley, Etienne","contributorId":25643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingsley","given":"Etienne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"George, Doug","contributorId":39068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Doug","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":76739,"text":"ofr20061136 - 2006 - Aeromagnetic survey of Dillingham area in southwest Alaska, a website for the preliminary distribution of data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-13T20:04:10.916516","indexId":"ofr20061136","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1136","title":"Aeromagnetic survey of Dillingham area in southwest Alaska, a website for the preliminary distribution of data","docAbstract":"An airborne high-resolution magnetic survey was completed over the Dillingham and Nushagak Bay and Naknek area in southwestern Alaska. The flying was undertaken by McPhar Geosurveys Ltd. on behalf of the United States Geological Survey (USGS). First tests and calibration flights were completed by August 26th, 2005 and data acquisition was initiated on September 1st, 2005. The final data acquisition flight was completed on October 22nd, 2005. A total of 8,630 line-miles of data were acquired during the survey.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061136","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, Aeromagnetic survey of Dillingham area in southwest Alaska, a website for the preliminary distribution of data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1136, 1 Plate: 36.00 x 29.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061136.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.00 x 29.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192163,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":411911,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76593.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7826,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7827,"rank":3,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1136/data.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","projection":"UTM Zone 4N","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Dillingham area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.0903,\n 58.5583\n ],\n [\n -159.0903,\n 60.0597\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 60.0597\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 58.5583\n ],\n [\n -159.0903,\n 58.5583\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689ccd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76738,"text":"ds188 - 2006 - Database for the geologic map of the Sauk River 30-minute by 60-minute quadrangle, Washington (I-2592)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:56","indexId":"ds188","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"188","title":"Database for the geologic map of the Sauk River 30-minute by 60-minute quadrangle, Washington (I-2592)","docAbstract":"This digital map database has been prepared by R.W. Tabor from the published Geologic map of the Sauk River 30- by 60 Minute Quadrangle, Washington. Together with the accompanying text files as PDF, it provides information on the geologic structure and stratigraphy of the area covered. The database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey. The authors mapped most of the bedrock geology at 1:100,000 scale, but compiled most Quaternary units at 1:24,000 scale. The Quaternary contacts and structural data have been much simplified for the 1:100,000-scale map and database. The spatial resolution (scale) of the database is 1:100,000 or smaller. \r\n\r\nThis database depicts the distribution of geologic materials and structures at a regional (1:100,000) scale. The report is intended to provide geologic information for the regional study of materials properties, earthquake shaking, landslide potential, mineral hazards, seismic velocity, and earthquake faults. In addition, the report contains information and interpretations about the regional geologic history and framework. However, the regional scale of this report does not provide sufficient detail for site development purposes.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds188","collaboration":"See map I-2592","usgsCitation":"Tabor, R.W., Booth, D.B., Vance, J., and Ford, A.B., 2006, Database for the geologic map of the Sauk River 30-minute by 60-minute quadrangle, Washington (I-2592) (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 188, Unpaginated database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds188.","productDescription":"Unpaginated database","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7824,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/188/srmetadata.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":7823,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/188/srcovers4.tar.gz"},{"id":7825,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/188/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672bae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tabor, R. W.","contributorId":16002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Booth, D. B.","contributorId":42223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Booth","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vance, J.A.","contributorId":51361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vance","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, A. B.","contributorId":44924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":76736,"text":"tm6A18 - 2006 - User's guide to the Variably Saturated Flow (VSF) process to MODFLOW","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"tm6A18","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A18","title":"User's guide to the Variably Saturated Flow (VSF) process to MODFLOW","docAbstract":"A new process for simulating three-dimensional (3-D) variably saturated flow (VSF) using Richards' equation has been added to the 3-D modular finite-difference ground-water model MODFLOW. Five new packages are presented here as part of the VSF Process--the Richards' Equation Flow (REF1) Package, the Seepage Face (SPF1) Package, the Surface Ponding (PND1) Package, the Surface Evaporation (SEV1) Package, and the Root Zone Evapotranspiration (RZE1) Package. Additionally, a new Adaptive Time-Stepping (ATS1) Package is presented for use by both the Ground-Water Flow (GWF) Process and VSF. The VSF Process allows simulation of flow in unsaturated media above the ground-water zone and facilitates modeling of ground-water/surface-water interactions.\r\n\r\nModel performance is evaluated by comparison to an analytical solution for one-dimensional (1-D) constant-head infiltration (Dirichlet boundary condition), field experimental data for a 1-D constant-head infiltration, laboratory experimental data for two-dimensional (2-D) constant-flux infiltration (Neumann boundary condition), laboratory experimental data for 2-D transient drainage through a seepage face, and numerical model results (VS2DT) of a 2-D flow-path simulation using realistic surface boundary conditions. A hypothetical 3-D example case also is presented to demonstrate the new capability using periodic boundary conditions (for example, daily precipitation) and varied surface topography over a larger spatial scale (0.133 square kilometer). The new model capabilities retain the modular structure of the MODFLOW code and preserve MODFLOW's existing capabilities as well as compatibility with commercial pre-/post-processors. The overall success of the VSF Process in simulating mixed boundary conditions and variable soil types demonstrates its utility for future hydrologic investigations.\r\n\r\nThis report presents a new flow package implementing the governing equations for variably saturated ground-water flow, four new boundary condition packages unique to unsaturated flow, the Adaptive Time-Stepping Package for use with both the GWF Process and the new VSF Process, detailed descriptions of the input and output files for each package, and six simulation examples verifying model performance.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Book 6: Modeling techniques, Section A. Ground-water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tm6A18","usgsCitation":"Thoms, R.B., Johnson, R.L., and Healy, R.W., 2006, User's guide to the Variably Saturated Flow (VSF) process to MODFLOW: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A18, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A18.","productDescription":"58 p.","numberOfPages":"58","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7819,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm6a18/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603dba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thoms, R. Brad","contributorId":64746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thoms","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Richard L.","contributorId":32626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76737,"text":"ofr20061146 - 2006 - Summary of available hydrogeologic data for the northeast portion of the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:18","indexId":"ofr20061146","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1146","title":"Summary of available hydrogeologic data for the northeast portion of the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky","docAbstract":"The hydrogeologic characteristics of the unconsolidated glacial outwash sand and gravel deposits that compose the northeast portion of the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky, indicate a prolific water-bearing formation with approximately 7 billion gallons of ground-water storage and an estimated sustainable yield of over 280 million gallons per day. This abundance of ground water and the need to properly develop and manage this resource has prompted many past investigations (since 1956), which have produced reports, maps, and data files covering a variety of topics relative to the movement, availability, and use of ground water in this area. These data have been compiled into a single report to assist in future development and use of the ground-water resources.\r\n\r\nAvailable ground-water data for the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky, from Beargrass Creek to Harrods Creek, were compiled from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System and the Kentucky Groundwater Data Repository. Data contained in these databases include ground-water well-construction details and historical ground-water levels, drillers' logs, and water-quality information. Additional data and information were gathered from project files at the U.S. Geological Survey--Kentucky Water Science Center and files at the Louisville Water Company. Information contained in these files included data from area pumping tests describing aquifer characteristics and ground-water flow.\r\n\r\nData describing current conditions of the ground-water system in the northeast portion of the alluvial aquifer also are included. Ground-water levels from a network of observation wells show recent trends in the flow system, and information from the Kentucky Division of Water-Groundwater Branch lists current permitted ground-water withdrawals in the area.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061146","usgsCitation":"Unthank, M.D., and Nelson, H.L., 2006, Summary of available hydrogeologic data for the northeast portion of the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1146, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061146.","productDescription":"60 p.","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7820,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1146/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69936b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Unthank, Michael D. 0000-0003-2483-0431 munthank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2483-0431","contributorId":3902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unthank","given":"Michael","email":"munthank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Hugh L. hlnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Hugh","email":"hlnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76731,"text":"sir20065069 - 2006 - Effects of irrigation practices on water use in the groundwater management districts within the Kansas high plains, 1991-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"sir20065069","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5069","title":"Effects of irrigation practices on water use in the groundwater management districts within the Kansas high plains, 1991-2003","docAbstract":"Data compiled for the High Plains region of Kansas that includes five Groundwater Management Districts (GMDs) were analyzed for trends in irrigation water use, acres irrigated, precipitation, irrigation system types, and irrigated crop types to determine the effects of irrigation practices on water use over time. For the study period 1991 through 2003, precipitation decreased significantly (with 95-percent confidence) in northwestern and west-central Kansas but not in the southwestern and south-central parts of the State. Irrigation water use had no statistically significant trend during this period. There was a good (R= -0.77) relation between average regional precipitation and total GMD irrigation water use. When irrigation water use was adjusted for this relation, there was a positive trend (90-percent confidence level) in the adjusted irrigation water use. Another adjustment to water use was made using the ratio of annual precipitation to 1991-2005 average precipitation, which resulted in a negative trend (95-percent confidence level) in irrigation water use. This demonstrated the contradictory nature of precipitation adjustments to water use, making their utility somewhat suspect. GMD 3 in southwestern Kansas used 63 percent of the total acre-feet of irrigation water within all the GMDs.\r\n\r\nWhen all GMDs are considered, the number of irrigated acres for flood and center pivot systems without drop nozzles decreased significantly during the study period. At the same time the number of drop nozzle irrigated acres increased significantly. The number of irrigated acres of water-intensive crops (corn, alfalfa, and soybeans) also increased significantly, whereas the number of less- or non-water-intensive crops (grain sorghum and wheat), and multiple crop type acres decreased. Drop nozzle irrigation systems used approximately 2 percent less water in a year-by-year comparison than center pivot systems and 8 to 11 percent less water than flood irrigation.\r\n\r\nThe best estimator of irrigation water use incorporated total acres irrigated and annual average or March-October regional precipitation. A conclusion that can be drawn from the trend analyses described in this report is that, although irrigation water use for all GMDs showed no statistically significant trend, an apparent increased efficiency of center pivots irrigation systems with drop nozzles has allowed more water-intensive crops to be grown on more irrigated acres.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065069","usgsCitation":"Perry, C.A., 2006, Effects of irrigation practices on water use in the groundwater management districts within the Kansas high plains, 1991-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5069, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065069.","productDescription":"93 p.","numberOfPages":"93","temporalStart":"1991-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7808,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5069/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611e24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Charles A. cperry@usgs.gov","contributorId":2093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Charles","email":"cperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}