{"pageNumber":"2440","pageRowStart":"60975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185070,"records":[{"id":76711,"text":"ofr20061134 - 2006 - Geologic and hydrogeologic framework of the Espa?ola basin -- Proceedings of the 5th annual Espa?ola basin workshop, Santa Fe, New Mexico, March 7-8, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:07","indexId":"ofr20061134","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1134","title":"Geologic and hydrogeologic framework of the Espa?ola basin -- Proceedings of the 5th annual Espa?ola basin workshop, Santa Fe, New Mexico, March 7-8, 2006","docAbstract":"This report presents abstracts of technical studies that are focused on the hydrogeologic framework of the Espa?ola basin, a major subbasin of the Cenozoic Rio Grande rift. The Rio Grande, Rio Chama, Santa Fe River, and their tributaries carry important surface water in the Espa?ola basin. Sediments and interbedded volcanic rocks fill the Espa?ola basin and form extensive aquifer systems for ground water. Surface and ground water provide the principal sources of water for most residents of the basin, including people in the cities of Santa Fe, Espa?ola, and Los Alamos as well as Native Americans in several Pueblos.\r\n\r\nThe abstracts describe results of technical studies that were presented either as poster exhibits or oral presentations at the fifth-annual Espa?ola basin workshop, held March 7-8 of 2006 in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The principal goal of this workshop was to share information about ongoing studies.\r\n\r\nThe Espa?ola basin workshop was hosted by the Espa?ola basin technical advisory group (EBTAG) and sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, and the Water Research Technical Assistance Office of Los Alamos National Laboratory. Abstracts in this report have been grouped into six information themes: Basic Water Data, Water Quality and Water Chemistry, Water Balance and Stream/Aquifer Interaction, Data Integration and Hydrologic Model Testing, Three-Dimensional Hydrogeological Architecture, and Geologic Framework.\r\n\r\nAbstracts submitted by U.S. Geological Survey authors in this report have had their technical content peer reviewed before they were included in the report. Technical reviews were not required for abstracts submitted by authors outside the USGS, although most did receive peer reviews within their originating agencies. Taken together, the abstracts in this report provide a view of the current status of hydrogeologic research within the Espa?ola basin.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061134","usgsCitation":"McKinney, K.C., 2006, Geologic and hydrogeologic framework of the Espa?ola basin -- Proceedings of the 5th annual Espa?ola basin workshop, Santa Fe, New Mexico, March 7-8, 2006 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1134, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061134.","productDescription":"40 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-03-07","temporalEnd":"2006-03-08","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7766,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1134/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8231","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinney, Kevin C. kcmckinney@usgs.gov","contributorId":3406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinney","given":"Kevin","email":"kcmckinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":76706,"text":"ofr20061133 - 2006 - Coastal classification atlas: South Texas coastal classification maps: Mansfield Channel to the Rio Grande","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T22:04:11.220131","indexId":"ofr20061133","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1133","title":"Coastal classification atlas: South Texas coastal classification maps: Mansfield Channel to the Rio Grande","docAbstract":"The Nation's rapidly growing coastal population requires reliable information regarding the vulnerability of coastal regions to storm impacts. This has created a need for classifying coastal lands and evaluating storm-hazard vulnerability. Government officials and resource managers responsible for dealing with natural hazards also need accurate assessments of potential storm impacts in order to make informed decisions before, during, and after major storm events. Both economic development and coastal-damage mitigation require integrated models of storm parameters, hazard vulnerability, and expected coastal responses. Thus, storm-hazard vulnerability assessments constitute one of the fundamental components of forecasting storm impacts.\r\n\r\nEach year as many as 10 to 12 hurricanes and tropical storms will be the focus of national attention. Of particular interest are intense hurricanes (Categories 3 to 5 of the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) that have the potential to cause substantial economic and environmental damage to the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States. These coastal regions include some of the largest metropolitan areas in the country and they continue to experience rapid population growth. Based on media reports, there is a general lack of public knowledge regarding how different coastal segments will respond to the same storm or how the same coastal segment will respond differently depending on storm conditions.\r\n\r\nA primary purpose of the USGS National Assessment of Coastal Change Project is to provide accurate representations of pre-storm ground conditions for areas that are designated high priority because they have dense populations or valuable resources that are at risk. A secondary purpose is to develop a broad coastal classification that, with only minor modification, can be applied to most coastal regions in the United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Classification Atlas","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061133","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., and Peterson, R.L., 2006, Coastal classification atlas: South Texas coastal classification maps: Mansfield Channel to the Rio Grande: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1133, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061133.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422985,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76531.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192235,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7760,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1133/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Mansfield Channel, Rio Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.44773285969062,\n              26.92200388384326\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.24224431455427,\n              25.99446229085062\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.1335908395723,\n              25.988926377530746\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.20037461674151,\n              26.46008894232383\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.34524404106283,\n              26.909174797589287\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.44773285969062,\n              26.92200388384326\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698651","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":88333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, Russell L.","contributorId":55045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76710,"text":"cir1196W - 2006 - Aluminum recycling in the United States in 2000","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":71079,"text":"ofr20051051 - 2005 - Aluminum recycling in the United States in 2000","indexId":"ofr20051051","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"Aluminum recycling in the United States in 2000"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":76710,"text":"cir1196W - 2006 - Aluminum recycling in the United States in 2000","indexId":"cir1196W","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"W","title":"Aluminum recycling in the United States in 2000"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:11","indexId":"cir1196W","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1196","chapter":"W","title":"Aluminum recycling in the United States in 2000","docAbstract":"As one of a series of reports on metals recycling, this report discusses the flow of aluminum from production through its uses with particular emphasis on the recycling of industrial scrap (new scrap) and used products (old scrap) in 2000. This materials flow study includes a description of aluminum supply and demand factors for the United States to illustrate the extent of aluminum recycling and to identify recycling trends. Understanding the system of materials flow from source to ultimate disposition can assist in improving the management of natural resources in a manner that is compatible with sound environmental practices. In 2000, the old scrap recycling efficiency for aluminum was estimated to be 42 percent. Almost 60 percent of the aluminum that was recycled in 2000 came from new scrap, and the recycling rate was estimated to be 36 percent. The principal source of old scrap was recycled aluminum beverage cans.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Flow Studies for Recycling Metal Commodities in the United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/cir1196W","usgsCitation":"Plunkert, P.A., 2006, Aluminum recycling in the United States in 2000 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1196, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1196W.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2000-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7765,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c1196w/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686984","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plunkert, Patricia A.","contributorId":34593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plunkert","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":76708,"text":"fs20063052 - 2006 - Microbial ecology in reef sediments of Biscayne National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:23","indexId":"fs20063052","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3052","title":"Microbial ecology in reef sediments of Biscayne National Park","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20063052","usgsCitation":"Lisle, J.T., and Reich, C., 2006, Microbial ecology in reef sediments of Biscayne National Park: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3052, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063052.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3052.jpg"},{"id":7764,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3052/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62dfc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, Chris","contributorId":27953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76707,"text":"fs20063045 - 2006 - Microbiology and public beach safety: integrated science for the protection of public health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:00","indexId":"fs20063045","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3045","title":"Microbiology and public beach safety: integrated science for the protection of public health","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20063045","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, C.A., and Lisle, J.T., 2006, Microbiology and public beach safety: integrated science for the protection of public health: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3045, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063045.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3045.jpg"},{"id":7763,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e2cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Christine A.","contributorId":57965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76704,"text":"ofr20061073 - 2006 - USGS analysis of the Australian UNCLOS submission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:11","indexId":"ofr20061073","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1073","title":"USGS analysis of the Australian UNCLOS submission","docAbstract":"In November 2004, the Government of Australia made a submission to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) for 10 extended continental shelf (ECS) regions, utilizing Article-76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). With information provided in the Australian Executive Summary, the USGS examined the 10 regions of the submission from geological, morphological, and resource perspectives. By their own request, the Australians asked that CLCS take no action on the Australian-Antarctic Territory. The major limitation in this analysis is that no bathymetric soundings or detailed hydrographic profiles were provided in the Australian Executive Summary that might show why the Foot of the Slope (FOS) was chosen or where the 2,500-m contour is located. This represents a major limitation because more than half of the 4,205 boundary points utilize the bathymetric formula line and more than one-third of them utilize the bathymetric constraint line. CLCS decisions on the components of this submission may set a precedent for how ECSs are treated in future submissions. Some of the key decisions will cover (a) how a 'natural prolongation' of a continental margin is determined, particularly if a bathymetric saddle that appears to determine the prolongation is in deep water and is well outside of the 200-nm limit (Exmouth Plateau), (b) defining to what extent that plateaus, rises, caps, banks and spurs that are formed of oceanic crust and from oceanic processes can be considered to be 'natural prolongations' (Kerguelen Plateau), (c) to what degree UNCLOS recognizes reefs and uninhabited micro-islands (specifically, rocks and/or sand shoals) as islands that can have an EEZ (Middleton and Elizabeth Reefs north of Lord Howe Island), and (d) how the Foot of the Slope (FOS) is chosen (Great Australian Bight). The submission contains situations that are relevant to potential future U.S. submissions and are potentially analogous to certain features of the US margins. The Australian margin has significant geological and morphological variety, similar to the US margin and gives a good idea of the complexity of issues related to the U.S. margin. Decisions about basins and ridges in the Lord Howe Rise and Three Kings Ridge regions will likely bear on the status of ridges in the Arctic, such as Lomonosov Ridge. The Naturaliste Plateau and the South Tasman Rise appear to have parallels with the Chukchi Plateau in the Arctic and the Blake Plateau off the southeastern U.S. The ECS on Macquarie Island/Ridge may determine how boundaries along ridges such as the Mariannas are treated.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061073","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, D.R., and Rowland, R.W., 2006, USGS analysis of the Australian UNCLOS submission: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1073, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061073.","productDescription":"23 p.","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7758,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1073/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611600","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah R. 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowland, Robert W.","contributorId":42200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76705,"text":"ofr20061111 - 2006 - Stocks and flows of lead-based wheel weights in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:07","indexId":"ofr20061111","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1111","title":"Stocks and flows of lead-based wheel weights in the United States","docAbstract":"Lead is used in many widely known applications, such as automobile batteries and radiation shielding. Another lesser known, but long-term, use of lead is in automotive vehicle wheel weights. Lead weights have been used to balance\r\nwheels since the 1930s because of its high specific gravity, low relative cost, and its malleability. Out-of-balance tires tend to 'cup' and vibrate and as a result cause excessive wear on tires and vehicle suspension components and result in compromised handling, especially at high speeds. The mass, number, and style of weights needed to balance a wheel depend on the tire's size and weight and on the type and condition of the wheels (rims) on the vehicle. This study addresses an accounting of the stocks and flows of lead contained in lead wheel weights from their manufacture, through use, dissipation, and recycling, and environmental issues associated with the use of lead.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061111","usgsCitation":"Bleiwas, D.I., 2006, Stocks and flows of lead-based wheel weights in the United States (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1111, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061111.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7759,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1111/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b463e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bleiwas, Donald I. bleiwas@usgs.gov","contributorId":1434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleiwas","given":"Donald","email":"bleiwas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":76699,"text":"ofr20061127 - 2006 - Scoping of flood hazard mapping needs for Merrimack County, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-18T19:57:08.012214","indexId":"ofr20061127","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1127","title":"Scoping of flood hazard mapping needs for Merrimack County, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"This report was prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) New Hampshire/Vermont Water Science Center for scoping of flood-hazard mapping needs for Merrimack County, New Hampshire, under Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Inter-Agency agreement Number HSFE01-05X-0018.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061127","usgsCitation":"Flynn, R.H., 2006, Scoping of flood hazard mapping needs for Merrimack County, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1127, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061127.","productDescription":"69 p.","numberOfPages":"69","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192661,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":412046,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76501.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7749,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1127/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","county":"Merrimack County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.2361,\n              43.0094\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2361,\n              43.6103\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.0906,\n              43.6103\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.0906,\n              43.0094\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2361,\n              43.0094\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fcf75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flynn, Robert H. rflynn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Robert","email":"rflynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":76700,"text":"tm6A20 - 2006 - GoPhast: A graphical user interface for PHAST","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T16:13:55","indexId":"tm6A20","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A20","title":"GoPhast: A graphical user interface for PHAST","docAbstract":"GoPhast is a graphical user interface (GUI) for the USGS model PHAST. PHAST simulates multicomponent, reactive solute transport in three-dimensional, saturated, ground-water flow systems. PHAST can model both equilibrium and kinetic geochemical reactions. PHAST is derived from HST3D (flow and transport) and PHREEQC (geochemical calculations). The flow and transport calculations are restricted to constant fluid density and constant temperature. The complexity of the input required by PHAST makes manual construction of its input files tedious and error-prone. GoPhast streamlines the creation of the input file and helps reduce errors. GoPhast allows the user to define the spatial input for the PHAST flow and transport data file by drawing points, lines, or polygons on top, front, and side views of the model domain. These objects can have up to two associated formulas that define their extent perpendicular to the view plane, allowing the objects to be three-dimensional. Formulas are also used to specify the values of spatial data (data sets) both globally and for individual objects. Objects can be used to specify the values of data sets independent of the spatial and temporal discretization of the model. Thus, the grid and simulation periods for the model can be changed without respecifying spatial data pertaining to the hydrogeologic framework and boundary conditions. This report describes the operation of GoPhast and demonstrates its use with examples. GoPhast runs on Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Linux operating systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Book 6: Modeling techniques, Section A. Ground-water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm6A20","usgsCitation":"Winston, R.B., 2006, GoPhast: A graphical user interface for PHAST: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A20, 98 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A20.","productDescription":"98 p.","numberOfPages":"98","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7750,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm6a20/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db67425d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winston, Richard B. 0000-0002-6287-8834 rbwinst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6287-8834","contributorId":3567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winston","given":"Richard","email":"rbwinst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":76703,"text":"ofr20061057 - 2006 - Summary of recovered historical ground-water-level data for Michigan, 1934-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-09T16:19:27","indexId":"ofr20061057","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1057","title":"Summary of recovered historical ground-water-level data for Michigan, 1934-2005","docAbstract":"This report documents ground-water-level data-recovery efforts performed by the USGS Michigan Water Science Center and provides nearly three-hundred hydrographs generated from these recovered data. Data recovery is the process of verifying and transcribing data from paper files into the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) electronic databases appropriate for ground-water-level data. Entering these data into the NWIS databases makes them more useful for USGS analysis and also makes them available to the public through the internet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061057","collaboration":"In cooperation with the State of Michigan, Department of Environmental Quality ","usgsCitation":"Cornett, C.L., Crowley, S.L., McGowan, R.M., Blumer, S.P., and Reeves, H.W., 2006, Summary of recovered historical ground-water-level data for Michigan, 1934-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1057, 369 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061057.","productDescription":"369 p.","numberOfPages":"369","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1934-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science 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,{"id":76698,"text":"fs20053078 - 2006 - Modeling surface-water flow and sediment mobility with the Multi-Dimensional Surface-Water Modeling System (MD_SWMS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:18","indexId":"fs20053078","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-3078","title":"Modeling surface-water flow and sediment mobility with the Multi-Dimensional Surface-Water Modeling System (MD_SWMS)","docAbstract":"The Multi-Dimensional Surface-Water Modeling System (MD_SWMS) is a Graphical User Interface for surface-water flow and sediment-transport models. The capabilities of MD_SWMS for developing models include: importing raw topography and other ancillary data; building the numerical grid and defining initial and boundary conditions; running simulations; visualizing results; and comparing results with measured data.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20053078","usgsCitation":"McDonald, R., Nelson, J., Kinzel, P., and Conaway, J.S., 2006, Modeling surface-water flow and sediment mobility with the Multi-Dimensional Surface-Water Modeling System (MD_SWMS): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3078, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20053078.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2005_3078.jpg"},{"id":7748,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/SW_Math_mod/OpModels/MD_SWMS/index.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7747,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3078/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6997cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, Richard","contributorId":76031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan","contributorId":100471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul","contributorId":100940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conaway, Jeffrey S. 0000-0002-3036-592X jconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":2026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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Radio-tagged fish were released at The Dalles Dam and in the tailrace of Bonneville Dam and were interrogated at Bonneville Dam and three radio-telemetry arrays below Bonneville Dam. We also evaluated the survival of radio-tagged yearling and subyearling Chinook salmon and steelhead trout using paired releases through the ice and trash sluiceway at Bonneville Dam’s powerhouse 1. Site-specific releases were made directly into the ice and trash sluiceway and in the tailrace of Bonneville Dam below the outfall of powerhouse 2 juvenile bypass system. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Counihan, T.D., Hardiman, J.M., Walker, C., Puls, A., and Holmberg , G., 2006, Survival estimates of migrant juvenile salmonids through Bonneville Dam using radio telemetry, 2005, xvii., 92 p. .","productDescription":"xvii., 92 p. 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,{"id":76696,"text":"ofr20061138 - 2006 - Preliminary geologic map of the Townsend 30' x 60' quadrangle, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:45","indexId":"ofr20061138","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1138","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Townsend 30' x 60' quadrangle, Montana","docAbstract":"The geologic map of the Townsend quadrangle, scale 1:100,000, was made as part of the Montana Investigations Project to provide new information on the stratigraphy, structure, and geologic history of this geologically complex area in west-central Montana. The quadrangle encompasses about 4,200 square km (1,640 square mi).","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061138","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, M.W., and Brandt, T.R., 2006, Preliminary geologic map of the Townsend 30' x 60' quadrangle, Montana (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1138, 1 map sheet, 76 x 30 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061138.","productDescription":"1 map sheet, 76 x 30 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110643,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76487.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"76487"},{"id":195697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7743,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1138/downloads/pdf/OFR-2006-1138_map.pdf","size":"660000","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":7744,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1138/downloads/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7742,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1138/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"UTM Zone 12, NAD27","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112,46 ], [ -112,46.5 ], [ -111,46.5 ], [ -111,46 ], [ -112,46 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4814e4b07f02db4dac1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Mitchell W. 0000-0002-9966-3896 mwreynol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9966-3896","contributorId":4641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Mitchell","email":"mwreynol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, Theodore R. 0000-0002-7862-9082 tbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7862-9082","contributorId":1267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Theodore","email":"tbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76695,"text":"cir1293 - 2006 - Research opportunities in interdisciplinary ground-water science in the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T10:03:43","indexId":"cir1293","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1293","title":"Research opportunities in interdisciplinary ground-water science in the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"<p>This report is written for the scientifically literate reader but is not limited to those who are involved in ground-water science. The report is intended to encourage U.S. Geological Survey scientists to develop a sense of excitement about ground-water science in the agency, to inform scientists about existing and potential ground-water science opportunities, and to engage scientists and managers in interdisciplinary discussions and collaboration. The report is intended for use by U.S. Geological Survey and Department of the Interior management to formulate long-term ground-water science programs and to continue sustained support of ground-water monitoring and research, some of which may not have an immediate impact. Finally, the report can be used to communicate the U.S. Geological Survey's vision of ground-water science to Congress, partners, other agencies, and the research community at large with the goals of enhancing collaborative opportunities, sharing information, and maintaining dialogue regarding the directions of U.S. Geological Survey ground-water science.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1293","isbn":"1411309588 ","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W., Caine, J.S., Wilcox, D., McWreath, H., and Nicholas, J., 2006, Research opportunities in interdisciplinary ground-water science in the U.S. Geological Survey (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1293, vi, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1293.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7845,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1293/circ1293.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7844,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1293/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c614","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilcox, D.A.","contributorId":55382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McWreath, H.C.","contributorId":104475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McWreath","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nicholas, J.R.","contributorId":26673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholas","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":76697,"text":"ofr20061080 - 2006 - Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:20:07","indexId":"ofr20061080","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1080","title":"Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 2005","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with local and other agencies, collects data at selected lakes throughout Wisconsin. These data, accumulated over many years, provide a data base for developing an improved understanding of the water quality of lakes.  The purpose of this report is to provide information about the chemical and physical charac-teristics of Wisconsin lakes. Data that have been collected at specific lakes, and information to aid in the interpretation of those data, are included in this report. Data collected include measure-ments of in-lake water quality and lake stage. Time series graphs of Secchi depths, surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations collected during non-frozen periods are included for all lakes. Graphs of vertical profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance are included for sites where these parameters were measured. Descriptive infor-mation for each lake includes: location of the lake, area of the lake's watershed, period for which data are available, revisions to previously published records, and pertinent remarks.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061080","usgsCitation":"Rose, W.J., Garn, H., Goddard, G.L., Marsh, S., Olson, D., and Robertson, D.M., 2006, Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1080, 194 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061080.","productDescription":"194 p.","numberOfPages":"194","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7745,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1080/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6997ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, W. J.","contributorId":14433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garn, H.S.","contributorId":42601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garn","given":"H.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goddard, G. L.","contributorId":10442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goddard","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marsh, S.B.","contributorId":105329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olson, D.L.","contributorId":34943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":76688,"text":"sir20065024 - 2006 - Documentation of a spreadsheet for time-series analysis and drawdown estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:20","indexId":"sir20065024","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5024","title":"Documentation of a spreadsheet for time-series analysis and drawdown estimation","docAbstract":"Drawdowns during aquifer tests can be obscured by barometric pressure changes, earth tides, regional pumping, and recharge events in the water-level record. These stresses can create water-level fluctuations that should be removed from observed water levels prior to estimating drawdowns. Simple models have been developed for estimating unpumped water levels during aquifer tests that are referred to as synthetic water levels. These models sum multiple time series such as barometric pressure, tidal potential, and background water levels to simulate non-pumping water levels. The amplitude and phase of each time series are adjusted so that synthetic water levels match measured water levels during periods unaffected by an aquifer test. Differences between synthetic and measured water levels are minimized with a sum-of-squares objective function. Root-mean-square errors during fitting and prediction periods were compared multiple times at four geographically diverse sites. Prediction error equaled fitting error when fitting periods were greater than or equal to four times prediction periods.\r\n\r\nThe proposed drawdown estimation approach has been implemented in a spreadsheet application. Measured time series are independent so that collection frequencies can differ and sampling times can be asynchronous. Time series can be viewed selectively and magnified easily. Fitting and prediction periods can be defined graphically or entered directly. Synthetic water levels for each observation well are created with earth tides, measured time series, moving averages of time series, and differences between measured and moving averages of time series. Selected series and fitting parameters for synthetic water levels are stored and drawdowns are estimated for prediction periods. Drawdowns can be viewed independently and adjusted visually if an anomaly skews initial drawdowns away from 0. The number of observations in a drawdown time series can be reduced by averaging across user-defined periods. Raw or reduced drawdown estimates can be copied from the spreadsheet application or written to tab-delimited ASCII files.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065024","usgsCitation":"Halford, K.J., 2006, Documentation of a spreadsheet for time-series analysis and drawdown estimation: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5024, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065024.","productDescription":"48 p.","numberOfPages":"48","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7736,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5024/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db63621c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halford, Keith J. 0000-0002-7322-1846 khalford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-1846","contributorId":1374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halford","given":"Keith","email":"khalford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":76691,"text":"ds178 - 2006 - Two-dimensional resistivity investigation along West Fork Trinity River, Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas, October 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-19T20:48:29.611729","indexId":"ds178","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"178","title":"Two-dimensional resistivity investigation along West Fork Trinity River, Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas, October 2004","docAbstract":"Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field (NAS-JRB) at Fort Worth, Tex., constitutes a government-owned, contractor-operated facility that has been in operation since 1942. Contaminants, primarily volatile organic compounds and metals, have entered the ground-water-flow system through leakage from waste-disposal sites and manufacturing processes. Ground water flows from west to east toward the West Fork Trinity River. During October 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a two-dimensional (2D) resistivity investigation at a site along the West Fork Trinity River at the eastern boundary of NAS-JRB to characterize the distribution of subsurface resistivity. Five 2D resistivity profiles were collected, which ranged from 500 to 750 feet long and extended to a depth of 25 feet. The Goodland Limestone and the underlying Walnut Formation form a confining unit that underlies the alluvial aquifer. The top of this confining unit is the top of bedrock at NAS-JRB. The bedrock confining unit is the zone of interest because of the potential for contaminated ground water to enter the West Fork Trinity River through saturated bedrock. The study involved a capacitively-coupled resistivity survey and inverse modeling to obtain true or actual resistivity from apparent resistivity. The apparent resistivity was processed using an inverse modeling software program. The results of this program were used to generate distributions (images) of actual resistivity referred to as inverted sections or profiles. The images along the five profiles show a wide range of resistivity values. The two profiles nearest the West Fork Trinity River generally showed less resistivity than the three other profiles.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Aeronautical Systems Center, Environmental Management Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Shah, S., and Stanton, G.P., 2006, Two-dimensional resistivity investigation along West Fork Trinity River, Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas, October 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 178, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds178.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420955,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76486.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7739,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/ds178/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192620,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Fort Worth","otherGeospatial":"Carswell Field, West Fork Trinity River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.42589950561523,\n              32.75638608388472\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.42589950561523,\n              32.80011749844536\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.40049362182617,\n              32.80011749844536\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.40049362182617,\n              32.75638608388472\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.42589950561523,\n              32.75638608388472\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699833","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shah, Sachin D.","contributorId":60174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Sachin D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanton, Gregory P. 0000-0001-8622-0933 gstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-0933","contributorId":1583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Gregory","email":"gstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76692,"text":"pp1709F - 2006 - Constraints on the age and provenance of the Chugach accretionary complex from detrital zircons in the Sitka Graywacke near Sitka, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T15:18:27","indexId":"pp1709F","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1709","chapter":"F","title":"Constraints on the age and provenance of the Chugach accretionary complex from detrital zircons in the Sitka Graywacke near Sitka, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Sitka Graywacke is the westernmost and youngest unit of the Chugach accretionary complex in southeastern Alaska. Using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, we obtained 492 detrital-zircon ages on seven typical samples of Sitka Graywacke turbidites, which were collected in a transect across much of the unit near Sitka, Alaska. Individual grains range in age from 66 to 1,802 m.y. The youngest peak ages on relative-probability plots of the western four samples (74, 72, 74, and 74 m.y., from west to east) are distinctly younger than the youngest peak ages of the eastern three samples (105, 103, and 97 m.y., from west to east). These youngest peak ages set maximum depositional ages for each sample. We suggest that these peak ages are not significantly older (within ~5 m.y.) than the depositional age of the Sitka Graywacke because the deposits accumulated in a trench along a convergent margin, where magmatic sources likely continuously introduced juvenile zircons. The differences in the youngest cluster of detrital-zircon ages between the eastern and western sample localities is likely due to both a change in provenance and a fault. The similarity of the youngest peak ages in the Sitka Graywacke to fossil ages in the Valdez Group, in Prince William Sound, implies that the western part of the Sitka Graywacke is correlative with the Valdez Group, as previously inferred. However, the eastern part of the Sitka Graywacke has youngest detrital-zircon ages older than fossil ages in the Valdez Group and younger than fossil ages in the McHugh Complex, which in south-central Alaska is the oldest part of the accretionary complex. The age distribution of zircons in the older, eastern sequence suggests sources along the British Columbia margin. The detrital-zircon ages in the younger, western sequence are similar to igneous ages from south-central Alaska to southern British Columbia. Right-lateral strike slip on various fault systems inboard of the Sitka Graywacke implies that it lay to the south when it was deposited and offscraped. Thus, although source areas as far north as the St. Elias Mountains and south-central Alaska are possible, they were most likely in coastal and interior British Columbia.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2004","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3133/pp1709F","issn":"1044-9612","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., Gehrels, G.E., and Karl, S.M., 2006, Constraints on the age and provenance of the Chugach accretionary complex from detrital zircons in the Sitka Graywacke near Sitka, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1709, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1709F.","productDescription":"24 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7740,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1709f/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699586","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gehrels, George E.","contributorId":59795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehrels","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karl, Susan M. 0000-0003-1559-7826 skarl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-7826","contributorId":502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Susan","email":"skarl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":76690,"text":"sir20055284 - 2006 - Estimation of shallow ground-water recharge in the Great Lakes basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T12:45:10","indexId":"sir20055284","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5284","title":"Estimation of shallow ground-water recharge in the Great Lakes basin","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents the results of the first known integrated study of long-term average ground-water recharge to shallow aquifers (generally less than 100 feet deep) in the United States and Canada for the Great Lakes, upper St. Lawrence, and Ottawa River Basins. The approach used was consistent throughout the study area and allows direct comparison of recharge rates in disparate parts of the study area. Estimates of recharge are based on base-flow estimates for streams throughout the Great Lakes Basin and the assumption that base flow in a given stream is equal to the amount of shallow ground-water recharge to the surrounding watershed, minus losses to evapotranspiration. Base-flow estimates were developed throughout the study area using a single model based on an empirical relation between measured base-flow characteristics at streamflow-gaging stations and the surficial-geologic materials, which consist of bedrock, coarse-textured deposits, fine-textured deposits, till, and organic matter, in the surrounding surface-water watershed. Model calibration was performed using base-flow index (BFI) estimates for 959 stations in the U.S. and Canada using a combined 28,784 years of daily streamflow record determined using the hydrograph-separation software program PART. </p><p>Results are presented for watersheds represented by 8-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC, U.S.) and tertiary (Canada) watersheds. Recharge values were lowest (1.6-4.0 inches/year) in the eastern Lower Peninsula of Michigan; southwest of Green Bay, Wisconsin; in northwestern Ohio; and immediately south of the St. Lawrence River northeast of Lake Ontario. Recharge values were highest (12-16.8 inches/year) in snow shadow areas east and southeast of each Great Lake. Further studies of deep aquifer recharge and the temporal variability of recharge would be needed to gain a more complete understanding of ground-water recharge in the Great Lakes Basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055284","collaboration":"In cooperation with the National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada National Assessment of Water Availability and Use Program","usgsCitation":"Neff, B., Piggott, A., and Sheets, R.A., 2006, Estimation of shallow ground-water recharge in the Great Lakes basin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5284, vi, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055284.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science 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A.","contributorId":43381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheets","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":76689,"text":"fs20063034 - 2006 - Hydrogeologic investigation of the middle San Pedro watershed, southeastern Arizona: A project of the Rural Watershed Initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T20:19:41.829466","indexId":"fs20063034","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-3034","title":"Hydrogeologic investigation of the middle San Pedro watershed, southeastern Arizona: A project of the Rural Watershed Initiative","docAbstract":"In 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began an investigation of the hydrogeology of the middle San Pedro watershed in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR). This project is part of the Rural Watershed Initiative (RWI), which is a program established by the State of Arizona and managed by the ADWR. The primary objective of this project is to improve the understanding of the hydrogeology of the middle San Pedro watershed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20063034","usgsCitation":"Thomas, B.E., 2006, Hydrogeologic investigation of the middle San Pedro watershed, southeastern Arizona: A project of the Rural Watershed Initiative: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006-3034, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063034.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2006_3034.jpg"},{"id":7737,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3034/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":405225,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76484.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"middle San Pedro watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.7139,\n              31.6972\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.9375,\n              31.6972\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.9375,\n              32.5917\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.7139,\n              32.5917\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.7139,\n              31.6972\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Blakemore E.","contributorId":93871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Blakemore","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":76687,"text":"sir20065036 - 2006 - An evaluation and review of water-use estimates and flow data for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuges, Oregon and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:20","indexId":"sir20065036","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5036","title":"An evaluation and review of water-use estimates and flow data for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuges, Oregon and California","docAbstract":"The Lower Klamath and Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuges, located in the upper Klamath Basin of Oregon and California, encompass approximately 46,700 and 39,100 acres, respectively. Demand for water in the semiarid upper Klamath Basin has increased in recent years, resulting in the need to better quantify water availability and use in the refuges. This report presents an evaluation of water-use estimates for both refuges derived on the basis of two approaches. One approach used evaporation and evapotranspiration estimates and the other used measured inflow and outflow data. The quality of the inflow and outflow data also was assessed.\r\n\r\nAnnual water use in the refuges, using evapotranspiration estimates, was computed with the use of different rates for each of four land-use categories. Annual water-use rates for grain fields, seasonal wetlands, permanently flooded wetlands with emergent vegetation, and open-water bodies were 2.5, 2.9, 2.63, and 4.07 feet per year, respectively. Total water use was estimated as the sum of the products of each rate and the number of acres in its associated land-use category. Mean annual (2003-2005) water use for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake refuges was approximately 124,000 and 95,900 acre-feet, respectively. To estimate water deliveries needed for each refuge, first, annual precipitation for 2003-2005 was subtracted from the annual water use for those years. Then, an adjusted total was obtained by adding 20 percent to the difference to account for salinity flushing. Resulting estimated mean annual adjusted needed water deliveries in 2003-2005 for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake refuges were 107,000 and 82,800 acre-feet, respectively.\r\n\r\nMean annual net inflow to the refuges for 2003-2005 was computed by subtracting estimated and measured surface-water outflows from inflows. Mean annual net inflow during the 3-year period for the Lower Klamath refuge, calculated for a subsection of the refuge, was approximately 73,700 acre-feet. The adjusted needed water delivery for this section of the refuge, calculated from evapotranspiration estimates, was approximately 77,600 acre-feet. For the Tule Lake refuge, mean annual net inflow during the 3-year period was approximately 76,100 acre-feet, which is comparable to the estimated annual needed water delivery for the refuge of 82,800 acre-feet.\r\n\r\nFor 1962-2005, mean annual net inflow to the Lower Klamath refuge was approximately 49,800 acre-feet, about 23,900 acre-feet less than for 2003-2005. Although mean April-September net inflows for 1962-2005 and 2003-2005 have remained fairly constant, annual net inflow has increased for October-March, which accounts for the difference. Consistently higher autumn and winter flow deliveries since the mid-1980s reflect a significant change in refuge management. More sections of the refuge are currently managed as seasonal wetlands than were in the 1960s and 1970s.\r\n\r\nFlow records for the Ady Canal at State Line Road, Klamath Straits Drain at State Line Road, and D Pumping Plant were evaluated for their data quality. On the basis of USGS flow-record criteria, all three flow records were rated as 'poor.' By definition, 95 percent of the daily flows in a record having this rating could be in error by more than 15 percent. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065036","usgsCitation":"Risley, J.C., and Gannett, M.W., 2006, An evaluation and review of water-use estimates and flow data for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuges, Oregon and California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5036, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065036.","productDescription":"28 p.","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7734,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5036/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af10c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risley, John C. 0000-0002-8206-5443 jrisley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-5443","contributorId":2698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risley","given":"John","email":"jrisley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gannett, Marshall W. 0000-0003-2498-2427 mgannett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2498-2427","contributorId":2942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannett","given":"Marshall","email":"mgannett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76693,"text":"sir20065029 - 2006 - Geomorphic characteristics and classification of Duluth-area streams, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-01T15:44:57","indexId":"sir20065029","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5029","title":"Geomorphic characteristics and classification of Duluth-area streams, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 2003 and 2004, a geomorphic assessment of streams in 20 watersheds in the Duluth, Minn., area was conducted to identify and summarize geomorphic characteristics, processes, disturbance mechanisms, and potential responses to disturbance. Methods used to assess the streams included watershed characterization, descriptions of segment slopes and valley types, historical aerial photograph interpretation, and rapid field assessments and intensive field surveys of stream reaches. Geomorphic conditions were summarized into a segment-scale classification with 15 categories mainly based on drainage-network position and slope, and, secondarily, based on geologic setting, valley type, and dominant geomorphic processes. Main causes of geomorphic disturbance included historical logging and agriculture, and ongoing urban development, human-caused channel alterations, road and storm sewer drainage, ditching, hiking trails, and gravel pits or quarries. Geomorphic responses to these disturbances are dependent on a combination of drainage-network position, slope, and geologic setting. Geologic setting is related to drainage-network position because the geologic deposits parallel the Lake Superior shoreline. Headwater streams in large watersheds flow over glacial deposits above altitudes of about 1,200 feet (ft). Headwater tributaries and upper main stems have ditch-like channels with gentle slopes and no valleys. Urban development and road drainage cause increased runoff and flood peaks in these segments resulting in channel widening. Below about 1,200 ft, main-stem segments generally are affected by bedrock type and structure and have steep slopes and confined or entrenched valleys. Increases in flood peaks do not cause incision or widening in the bedrock-controlled valleys; instead, the flow and scour areas are expanded. Feeder tributaries to these main stems have steep, confined valleys and may be sources for sediment from urban areas, road runoff, or storm sewer outfalls. Main-stem segments near the glacial deposits/surficial bedrock contact (1,000&ndash;1,200 ft) have the most potential for response to disturbance because they tend to have narrow valleys with sandy glacial lakeshore deposits and moderate slopes. Increases in flood peaks (from upstream increases in runoff) increase the potential for landslides and mass wasting from valley sides as well as channel widening.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065029","collaboration":"In cooperation with the City of Duluth, Minnesota","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, F.A., Peppler, M.C., DePhilip, M.M., and Lee, K., 2006, Geomorphic characteristics and classification of Duluth-area streams, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5029, vi, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065029.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065029.JPG"},{"id":7746,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5029/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Duluth-area streams","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.97959899902344,\n              46.869580496513265\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.0935821533203,\n              46.86840690122077\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.09426879882811,\n              46.85549565938302\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.16464996337889,\n              46.85666953694681\n  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