{"pageNumber":"2440","pageRowStart":"60975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70028883,"text":"70028883 - 2006 - Mercury methylation influenced by areas of past mercury mining in the Terlingua district, Southwest Texas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028883","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury methylation influenced by areas of past mercury mining in the Terlingua district, Southwest Texas, USA","docAbstract":"Speciation and microbial transformation of Hg was studied in mine waste from abandoned Hg mines in SW Texas to evaluate the potential for methyl-Hg production and degradation in mine wastes. In mine waste samples, total Hg, ionic Hg2+, Hg0, methyl-Hg, organic C, and total S concentrations were measured, various Hg compounds were identified using thermal desorption pyrolysis, and potential rates of Hg methylation and methyl-Hg demethylation were determined using isotopic-tracer methods. These data are the first reported for Hg mines in this region. Total Hg and methyl-Hg concentrations were also determined in stream sediment collected downstream from two of the mines to evaluate transport of Hg and methylation in surrounding ecosystems. Mine waste contains total Hg and methyl-Hg concentrations as high as 19,000 ??g/g and 1500 ng/g, respectively, which are among the highest concentrations reported at Hg mines worldwide. Pyrolysis analyses show that mine waste contains variable amounts of cinnabar, metacinnabar, Hg0, and Hg sorbed onto particles. Methyl-Hg concentrations in mine waste correlate positively with ionic Hg2+, organic C, and total S, which are geochemical parameters that influence processes of Hg cycling and methylation. Net methylation rates were as high as 11,000 ng/g/day, indicating significant microbial Hg methylation at some sites, especially in samples collected inside retorts. Microbially-mediated methyl-Hg demethylation was also observed in many samples, but where both methylation and demethylation were found, the potential rate of methylation was faster. Total Hg concentrations in stream sediment samples were generally below the probable effect concentration of 1.06 ??g/g, the Hg concentration above which harmful effects are likely to be observed in sediment dwelling organisms; whereas total Hg concentrations in mine waste samples were found to exceed this concentration, although this is a sediment quality guideline and is not directly applicable to mine waste. Although total Hg and methyl-Hg concentrations are locally high in some mine waste samples, little Hg appears to be exported from these Hg mines in stream sediment primarily due to the arid climate and lack of precipitation and mine runoff in this region. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.08.016","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Hines, M., and Biester, H., 2006, Mercury methylation influenced by areas of past mercury mining in the Terlingua district, Southwest Texas, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 21, no. 11, p. 1940-1954, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.08.016.","startPage":"1940","endPage":"1954","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209700,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.08.016"},{"id":236380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5423e4b0c8380cd6cec0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, J. E.","contributorId":49363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, M.E.","contributorId":97287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biester, H.","contributorId":44333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biester","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028801,"text":"70028801 - 2006 - Research on genesis of pyrite near the Permian-Triassic boundary in meishan, Zhejiang, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028801","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2211,"text":"Journal of China University of Mining and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Research on genesis of pyrite near the Permian-Triassic boundary in meishan, Zhejiang, China","docAbstract":"The content and crystal forms of pyrite and sulfur isotope composition of pyrite sulfur as well as its vertical distribution near the Permian-Triassic (P/T) boundary in the Meishan section, Changxing county, Zhejiang province, China were studied using geological, petrological, mineralogical and geochemical methods (techniques). The result showed that the genesis of abundant pyrites in bed 24e2 at the uppermost part of the Changxing Formation in the Meishan section may be related to volcanic activity. In bed 24e2 of the Meishan section, pyrite has its highest content of 1.84% and the sulfur isotope composition has the highest ??34S value at + 2.2??? which is very similar to that of the average value of volcanic gas. There are some volcanic products such as ??-quartz, siliceous cylinders and siliceous spherules which coexisted with pyrites in beds 24e2 and 24f. It can be concluded that a large quantity of volcanic ash fell into the South China Sea and was incorporated into marine sediments during the formation of limestone at the uppermost part of the Changxing Formation. The volcanic eruption with massive amounts of H2S and S02 gas at the end of the Permian period resulted in the enrichment of H2S in the South China Sea areas. The reaction of H2S with reactive iron minerals formed the mass of abundant pyrites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of China University of Mining and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10061266","usgsCitation":"Jiang, Y., Tang, Y., and Chou, C.L., 2006, Research on genesis of pyrite near the Permian-Triassic boundary in meishan, Zhejiang, China: Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, v. 16, no. 4, p. 457-460.","startPage":"457","endPage":"460","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa930e4b0c8380cd85c84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, Y.-F.","contributorId":107483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"Y.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tang, Y.-G.","contributorId":82115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"Y.-G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028899,"text":"70028899 - 2006 - Spatial and temporal patterns of wildfires in the Mojave Desert, 1980-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028899","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal patterns of wildfires in the Mojave Desert, 1980-2004","docAbstract":"Fire has been historically infrequent in the Mojave Desert, and its increased prevalence caused by the invasion of non-native annual grasses is a major concern for land managers there. The most dramatic changes have occurred in middle elevation shrublands dominated by creosotebush (Larrea tridentata), Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia), and/or blackbrush (Coleogyne ramossissima), where most of the fires occurred between 1980 and 2004. This zone is more susceptible than other areas of the Mojave Desert to increased fire size following years of high rainfall. Increases in fire size are likely related to the flush of non-native annual grasses, Bromus rubens in particular, that produces continuous fuelbeds following years of high rainfall. This dynamic also has occurred to some degree at lower elevations, but the background cover of native perennial fuels there is already very low, muting the effects of the ephemeral fuels. At elevations above the middle elevation shrublands, fire size does not vary with rainfall, indicating that native woody fuels dictate fire regimes. These results suggest that an invasive plant/fire regime cycle is currently establishing in the middle and possibly the low elevation shrublands of the Mojave Desert, but not at higher elevations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.027","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Brooks, M., and Matchett, J., 2006, Spatial and temporal patterns of wildfires in the Mojave Desert, 1980-2004: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 67, no. SUPPL., p. 148-164, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.027.","startPage":"148","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209934,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.027"},{"id":236694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9443e4b08c986b31a980","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, M.L.","contributorId":70322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matchett, J.R.","contributorId":11535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028897,"text":"70028897 - 2006 - Sampling blood from big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in the field with and without anesthesia: Impacts on survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028897","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sampling blood from big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in the field with and without anesthesia: Impacts on survival","docAbstract":"Blood was collected from wild big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) with and without anesthesia in Fort Collins, Colorado in 2004 to assess the impacts of these procedures on short-term survival and 1-yr return rates. Short-term survival and 1-yr return rates after release were passively monitored using PIT tag detection hoops placed at selected buildings. Comparison of 14-day maximum likelihood survival estimates from bats not bled (142 adult females, 62 volant juveniles), and bats sampled for blood with anesthesia (96 adult females, 23 volant juveniles) and without anesthesia (112 adult females, 22 volant juveniles) indicated no adverse effects of either treatment (juveniles: X2=53.38, df=41, P=0.09; adults: X2=39.09, df=44, P=0.68). Return rates of bats one year after sampling were similar among adult female controls (75.4%, n=142, 95% CI=67.4-82.2%), females sampled for blood with anesthesia (83.0%, n=112, 95% CI=74.8-89.5%), and females sampled without anesthesia (87.5%, n=96, 95% CI=79.2-93.4%). Lack of an effect was also noted in 1-yr return rates of juvenile females. These data suggest that the use of anesthesia during sampling of blood has no advantages in terms of enhancement of survival in big brown bats. ?? Wildlife Disease Association 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00903558","usgsCitation":"Ellison, L., O'Shea, T., Wimsatt, J., Pearce, R., Neubaum, D., Neubaum, M., and Bowen, R.A., 2006, Sampling blood from big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in the field with and without anesthesia: Impacts on survival: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 42, no. 4, p. 849-852.","startPage":"849","endPage":"852","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ab073e4b0c8380cd87afa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, L.E.","contributorId":103610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wimsatt, J.","contributorId":78289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wimsatt","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearce, R.D.","contributorId":45439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neubaum, D.J.","contributorId":43720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neubaum","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neubaum, M.A.","contributorId":50866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neubaum","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bowen, R. A.","contributorId":80623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028857,"text":"70028857 - 2006 - Hyporheic exchange and fulvic acid redox reactions in an alpine stream/wetland ecosystem, Colorado front range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T08:06:30","indexId":"70028857","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hyporheic exchange and fulvic acid redox reactions in an alpine stream/wetland ecosystem, Colorado front range","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">The influence of hyporheic zone interactions on the redox state of fulvic acids and other redox active species was investigated in an alpine stream and adjacent wetland, which is a more reducing environment. A tracer injection experiment using bromide (Br<sup>-</sup>) was conducted in the stream system. Simulations with a transport model showed that rates of exchange between the stream and hyporheic zone were rapid (α ≈ 10<sup>-</sup><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>s<sup>-1</sup>). Parallel factor analysis of fluorescence spectra was used to quantify the redox state of dissolved fulvic acids. The rate coefficient for oxidation of reduced fulvic acids (λ = 6.5 × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>s<sup>-1</sup>) in the stream indicates that electron-transfer reactions occur over short time scales. The rate coefficients for decay of ammonium (λ = 1.2 × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>s<sup>-1</sup>) and production of nitrate (λ = −1.0 × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>s<sup>-1</sup>) were opposite in sign but almost equal in magnitude. Our results suggest that fulvic acids are involved in rapid electron-transfer processes in and near the stream channel and may be important in determining ecological energy flow at the catchment scale.</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es060635j","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., McKnight, D.M., Cory, R., Williams, M.W., and Runkel, R.L., 2006, Hyporheic exchange and fulvic acid redox reactions in an alpine stream/wetland ecosystem, Colorado front range: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 19, p. 5943-5949, https://doi.org/10.1021/es060635j.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"5943","endPage":"5949","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209799,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es060635j"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Front Range","volume":"40","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37bde4b0c8380cd61108","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":420042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":420043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cory, R.M.","contributorId":72186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cory","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Mark W.","contributorId":43046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":420045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028896,"text":"70028896 - 2006 - Do migratory flight paths of raptors follow constant geographical or geomagnetic courses?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T15:01:36","indexId":"70028896","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do migratory flight paths of raptors follow constant geographical or geomagnetic courses?","docAbstract":"We tested whether routes of raptors migrating over areas with homogeneous topography follow constant geomagnetic courses more or less closely than constant geographical courses. We analysed the routes taken over land of 45 individual raptors tracked by satellite-based radiotelemetry: 25 peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus, on autumn migration between North and South America, and seven honey buzzards, Pernis apivorus, and 13 ospreys, Pandion haliaetus, on autumn migration between Europe and Africa. Overall, migration directions showed a better agreement with constant geographical than constant geomagnetic courses. Tracks deviated significantly from constant geomagnetic courses, but were not significantly different from geographical courses. After we removed movements directed far from the mean direction, which may not be migratory movements, migration directions still showed a better agreement with constant geographical than constant geomagnetic courses, but the directions of honey buzzards and ospreys were not significantly different from constant geomagnetic courses either. That migration routes of raptors followed by satellite telemetry are in closer accordance with constant geographical compass courses than with constant geomagnetic compass courses may indicate that geographical (e.g. based on celestial cues) rather than magnetic compass mechanisms are of dominating importance for the birds' long-distance orientation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.01.028","issn":"00033472","usgsCitation":"Thorup, K., Fuller, M., Alerstam, T., Hake, M., Kjellen, N., and Strandberg, R., 2006, Do migratory flight paths of raptors follow constant geographical or geomagnetic courses?: Animal Behaviour, v. 72, no. 4, p. 875-880, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.01.028.","startPage":"875","endPage":"880","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209879,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.01.028"}],"volume":"72","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0363e4b0c8380cd5047e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorup, K.","contributorId":82113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorup","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, M.","contributorId":30798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alerstam, T.","contributorId":15984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alerstam","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hake, M.","contributorId":97871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hake","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kjellen, N.","contributorId":42570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kjellen","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Strandberg, R.","contributorId":8275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strandberg","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028824,"text":"70028824 - 2006 - Distribution and abundance of American eels in the White Oak River estuary, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028824","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of American eels in the White Oak River estuary, North Carolina","docAbstract":"Apparent widespread declines in abundance of Anguilla rostrata (American eel) have reinforced the need for information regarding its life history and status. We used commercial eel pots and crab (peeler) pots to examine the distribution, condition, and abundance of American eels within the White Oak River estuary, NC, during summers of 2002-2003. Catch of American eels per overnight set was 0.35 (SE = 0.045) in 2002 and 0.49 (SE = 0.044) in 2003. There was not a significant linear relationship between catch per set and depth in 2002 (P = 0.31, depth range 0.9-3.4 m) or 2003 (P = 0.18, depth range 0.6-3.4 m). American eels from the White Oak River were in good condition, based on the slope of a length-weight relationship (3.41) compared to the median slope (3.15) from other systems. Estimates of population density from grid sampling in 2003 (300 mm and larger: 4.0-13.8 per ha) were similar to estimates for the Hudson River estuary, but substantially less than estimates from other (smaller) systems including tidal creeks within estuaries. Density estimates from coastal waters can be used with harvest records to examine whether overfishing has contributed to the recent apparent declines in American eel abundance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15287092","usgsCitation":"Hightower, J., and Nesnow, C., 2006, Distribution and abundance of American eels in the White Oak River estuary, North Carolina: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 5, no. 4, p. 693-710.","startPage":"693","endPage":"710","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0258e4b0c8380cd4fff8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hightower, J.E.","contributorId":16605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nesnow, C.","contributorId":100176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nesnow","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028888,"text":"70028888 - 2006 - Global phylogeographic limits of Hawaii's avian malaria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028888","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global phylogeographic limits of Hawaii's avian malaria","docAbstract":"The introduction of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) to Hawaii has provided a model system for studying the influence of exotic disease on naive host populations. Little is known, however, about the origin or the genetic variation of Hawaii's malaria and traditional classification methods have confounded attempts to place the parasite within a global ecological and evolutionary context. Using fragments of the parasite mitochondrial gene cytochrome b and the nuclear gene dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase obtained from a global survey of greater than 13 000 avian samples, we show that Hawaii's avian malaria, which can cause high mortality and is a major limiting factor for many species of native passerines, represents just one of the numerous lineages composing the morphological parasite species. The single parasite lineage detected in Hawaii exhibits a broad host distribution worldwide and is dominant on several other remote oceanic islands, including Bermuda and Moorea, French Polynesia. The rarity of this lineage in the continental New World and the restriction of closely related lineages to the Old World suggest limitations to the transmission of reproductively isolated parasite groups within the morphological species. ?? 2006 The Royal Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2006.3671","issn":"09628436","usgsCitation":"Beadell, J., Ishtiaq, F., Covas, R., Melo, M., Warren, B., Atkinson, C., Bensch, S., Graves, G., Jhala, Y., Peirce, M., Rahmani, A., Fonseca, D., and Fleischer, R., 2006, Global phylogeographic limits of Hawaii's avian malaria: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 273, no. 1604, p. 2935-2944, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3671.","startPage":"2935","endPage":"2944","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477413,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1639517","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3671"},{"id":236484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"273","issue":"1604","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2956e4b0c8380cd5a88e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beadell, J.S.","contributorId":8265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beadell","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ishtiaq, F.","contributorId":20960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishtiaq","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Covas, R.","contributorId":22555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covas","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melo, M.","contributorId":73803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melo","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warren, B.H.","contributorId":95249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Atkinson, C. T.","contributorId":29349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bensch, S.","contributorId":37699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bensch","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Graves, G.R.","contributorId":74937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jhala, Y.V.","contributorId":96889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jhala","given":"Y.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Peirce, M.A.","contributorId":105090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peirce","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rahmani, A.R.","contributorId":49308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rahmani","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Fonseca, D.M.","contributorId":13003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonseca","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Fleischer, R.C.","contributorId":82259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70028887,"text":"70028887 - 2006 - Findings of the Mars Special Regions Science Analysis Group","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028887","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":912,"text":"Astrobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Findings of the Mars Special Regions Science Analysis Group","docAbstract":"In summary, within the upper 5 m most of Mars is either too cold or too dry to support the propagation of terrestrial life. However, there are regions that are in disequilibrium, naturally or induced, and could be classified as \"special\" or, if enough uncertainty exist, could not be declared as \"non-special.\" ?? Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Astrobiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1089/ast.2006.6.677","issn":"15311074","usgsCitation":"Beaty, D., Buxbaum, K., Meyer, M., Barlow, N., Boynton, W., Clark, B., Deming, J., Doran, P., Edgett, K., Hancock, S., Head, J., Hecht, M., Hipkin, V., Kieft, T., Mancinelli, R., McDonald, E., McKay, C., Mellon, M., Newsom, H., Ori, G., Paige, D., Schuerger, A., Sogin, M., Spry, J., Steele, A., Tanaka, K., and Voytek, M., 2006, Findings of the Mars Special Regions Science Analysis Group: Astrobiology, v. 6, no. 5, p. 677-732, https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2006.6.677.","startPage":"677","endPage":"732","numberOfPages":"56","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209747,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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M.","contributorId":24979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27}]}}
,{"id":70028823,"text":"70028823 - 2006 - Geomorphic effects of large debris flows and flash floods, northern Venezuela, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70028823","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3804,"text":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic effects of large debris flows and flash floods, northern Venezuela, 1999","docAbstract":"A rare, high-magnitude storm in northern Venezuela in December 1999 triggered debris flows and flash floods, and caused one of the worst natural disasters in the recorded history of the Americas. Some 15,000 people were killed. The debris flows and floods inundated coastal communities on alluvial fans at the mouths of a coastal mountain drainage network and destroyed property estimated at more than $2 billion. Landslides were abundant and widespread on steep slopes within areas underlain by schist and gneiss from near the coast to slightly over the crest of the mountain range. Some hillsides were entirely denuded by single or coalescing failures, which formed massive debris flows in river channels flowing out onto densely populated alluvial fans at the coast. The massive amount of sediment derived from 24 watersheds along 50 km of the coast during the storm and deposited on alluvial fans and beaches has been estimated at 15 to 20 million m3. Sediment yield for the 1999 storm from the approximately 200 km2 drainage area of watersheds upstream of the alluvial fans was as much as 100,000 m3/km2. Rapid economic development in this dynamic geomorphic environment close to the capital city of Caracas, in combination with a severe rain storm, resulted in the death of approximately 5% of the population (300,000 total prior to the storm) in the northern Venezuelan state of Vargas. ?? 2006 Gebru??der Borntraeger.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00442798","usgsCitation":"Larsen, M.C., and Wieczorek, G.F., 2006, Geomorphic effects of large debris flows and flash floods, northern Venezuela, 1999: Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband, v. 145, p. 147-175.","startPage":"147","endPage":"175","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"145","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2789e4b0c8380cd59996","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larsen, M. C.","contributorId":66287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wieczorek, G. F.","contributorId":50143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"G.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028837,"text":"70028837 - 2006 - Shrinking ponds in subarctic Alaska based on 1950-2002 remotely sensed images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028837","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shrinking ponds in subarctic Alaska based on 1950-2002 remotely sensed images","docAbstract":"Over the past 50 years, Alaska has experienced a warming climate with longer growing seasons, increased potential evapotranspiration, and permafrost warming. Research from the Seward Peninsula and Kenai Peninsula has demonstrated a substantial landscape-level trend in the reduction of surface water and number of closed-basin ponds. We investigated whether this drying trend occurred at nine other regions throughout Alaska. One study region was from the Arctic Coastal Plain where depp permafrost occurs continuously across the landscape. The other eight study regions were from the boreal forest regions where discontinuous permafrost occurs. Mean annual precipitation across the study regions ranged from 100 to over 700 min yr-1. We used remotely sensed imagery from the 1950s to 2002 to inventory over 10,000 closed-basin ponds from at least three periods from this time span. We found a reduction in the area and number of shallow, closed-basin ponds for all boreal regions. In contrast, the Arctic Coastal Plain region had negligible change in the area of closed-basin ponds. Since the 1950s, surface water area of closed-basin ponds included in this analysis decreased by 31 to 4 percent, and the total number of closed-basin ponds surveyed within each study region decreased from 54 to 5 percent. There was a significant increasing trend in annual mean temperature and potential evapotranspiration since the 1950s for all study regions. There was no significant trend in annual precipitation during the same period. The regional trend of shrinking ponds may be due to increased drainage as permafrost warms, or increased evapotranspiration during a warmer and extended growing season. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JG000150","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Riordan, B., Verbyla, D., and McGuire, A., 2006, Shrinking ponds in subarctic Alaska based on 1950-2002 remotely sensed images: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 111, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JG000150.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477545,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jg000150","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209978,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JG000150"},{"id":236758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ee9e4b08c986b318c09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riordan, B.","contributorId":70983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riordan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verbyla, D.","contributorId":107645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verbyla","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028935,"text":"70028935 - 2006 - Tilts in strong ground motion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028935","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tilts in strong ground motion","docAbstract":"Most instruments used in seismological practice to record ground motion are pendulum seismographs, velocigraphs, or accelerographs. In most cases it is assumed that seismic instruments are only sensitive to the translational motion of the instrument's base. In this study the full equation of pendulum motion, including the inputs of rotations and tilts, is considered. It is shown that tilting the accelerograph's base can severely impact its response to the ground motion. The method of tilt evaluation using uncorrected strong-motion accelerograms was first suggested by Graizer (1989), and later tested in several laboratory experiments with different strong-motion instruments. The method is based on the difference in the tilt sensitivity of the horizontal and vertical pendulums. The method was applied to many of the strongest records of the Mw 6.7 Northridge earthquake of 1994. Examples are shown when relatively large tilts of up to a few degrees occurred during strong earthquake ground motion. Residual tilt extracted from the strong-motion record at the Pacoima Dam-Upper Left Abutment reached 3.1?? in N45??E direction, and was a result of local earthquake-induced tilting due to high-amplitude shaking. This value is in agreement with the residual tilt measured by using electronic level a few days after the earthquake. The method was applied to the building records from the Northridge earthquake. According to the estimates, residual tilt reached 2.6?? on the ground floor of the 12-story Hotel in Ventura. Processing of most of the strongest records of the Northridge earthquake shows that tilts, if happened, were within the error of the method, or less than about 0.5??.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120060065","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Graizer, V., 2006, Tilts in strong ground motion: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 6, p. 2090-2102, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060065.","startPage":"2090","endPage":"2102","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209936,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120060065"},{"id":236696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb38fe4b08c986b325e74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graizer, V.","contributorId":88930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graizer","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028844,"text":"70028844 - 2006 - Quantity-activity relationship of denitrifying bacteria and environmental scaling in streams of a forested watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028844","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantity-activity relationship of denitrifying bacteria and environmental scaling in streams of a forested watershed","docAbstract":"The spatial variability of subreach denitrification rates in streams was evaluated with respect to controlling environmental conditions, molecular examination of denitrifying bacteria, and dimensional analysis. Denitrification activities ranged from 0 and 800 ng-N gsed-1 d-1 with large variations observed within short distances (<50 m) along stream reaches. A log-normal probability distribution described the range in denitrification activities and was used to define low (16% of the probability distributibn), medium (68%), and high (16%) denitrification potential groups. Denitrifying bacteria were quantified using a competitive polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) technique that amplified the nirK gene that encodes for nitrite reductase. Results showed a range of nirK quantities from 103 to 107 gene-copy-number gsed.-1 A nonparametric statistical test showed no significant difference in nirK quantifies among stream reaches, but revealed that samples with a high denitrification potential had significantly higher nirK quantities. Denitrification activity was positively correlated with nirK quantities with scatter in the data that can be attributed to varying environmental conditions along stream reaches. Dimensional analysis was used to evaluate denitrification activities according to environmental variables that describe fluid-flow properties, nitrate and organic material quantities, and dissolved oxygen flux. Buckingham's pi theorem was used to generate dimensionless groupings and field data were used to determine scaling parameters. The resulting expressions between dimensionless NO3- flux and dimensionless groupings of environmental variables showed consistent scaling, which indicates that the subreach variability in denitrification rates can be predicted by the controlling physical, chemical, and microbiological conditions. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JG000254","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"O’Connor, B., Hondzo, M., Dobraca, D., LaPara, T., Finlay, J., and Brezonik, P., 2006, Quantity-activity relationship of denitrifying bacteria and environmental scaling in streams of a forested watershed: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 111, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000254.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477469,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jg000254","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209642,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000254"},{"id":236306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a924ce4b0c8380cd80794","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connor, B.L.","contributorId":24977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hondzo, Miki","contributorId":11816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hondzo","given":"Miki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12693,"text":"Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering and St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, Minneapolis, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":419954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobraca, D.","contributorId":99755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobraca","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaPara, T.M.","contributorId":24150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPara","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finlay, J.A.","contributorId":98097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finlay","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brezonik, P.L.","contributorId":27001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezonik","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028934,"text":"70028934 - 2006 - Development and implementation of software systems for imaging spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028934","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development and implementation of software systems for imaging spectroscopy","docAbstract":"Specialized software systems have played a crucial role throughout the twenty-five year course of the development of the new technology of imaging spectroscopy, or hyperspectral remote sensing. By their very nature, hyperspectral data place unique and demanding requirements on the computer software used to visualize, analyze, process and interpret them. Often described as a marriage of the two technologies of reflectance spectroscopy and airborne/spaceborne remote sensing, imaging spectroscopy, in fact, produces data sets with unique qualities, unlike previous remote sensing or spectrometer data. Because of these unique spatial and spectral properties hyperspectral data are not readily processed or exploited with legacy software systems inherited from either of the two parent fields of study. This paper provides brief reviews of seven important software systems developed specifically for imaging spectroscopy.","largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","conferenceTitle":"2006 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS","conferenceDate":"31 July 2006 through 4 August 2006","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2006.510","isbn":"0780395107; 9780780395107","usgsCitation":"Boardman, J., Clark, R.N., Mazer, A., Biehl, L., Kruse, F., Torson, J., and Staenz, K., 2006, Development and implementation of software systems for imaging spectroscopy, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Denver, CO, 31 July 2006 through 4 August 2006, p. 1969-1973, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2006.510.","startPage":"1969","endPage":"1973","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209907,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2006.510"},{"id":236659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0025e4b0c8380cd4f5f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boardman, J.W.","contributorId":106301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boardman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazer, A.S.","contributorId":27660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazer","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biehl, L.L.","contributorId":70981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biehl","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kruse, F.A.","contributorId":30676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Torson, J.","contributorId":106691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Staenz, K.","contributorId":40790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staenz","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028861,"text":"70028861 - 2006 - Does body size affect a bird's sensitivity to patch size and landscape structure?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T13:24:03","indexId":"70028861","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does body size affect a bird's sensitivity to patch size and landscape structure?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Larger birds are generally more strongly affected by habitat loss and fragmentation than are smaller ones because they require more resources and thus larger habitat patches. Consequently, conservation actions often favor the creation or protection of larger over smaller patches. However, in grassland systems the boundaries between a patch and the surrounding landscape, and thus the perceived size of a patch, can be indistinct. We investigated whether eight grassland bird species with different body sizes perceived variation in patch size and landscape structure in a consistent manner. Data were collected from surveys conducted in 44 patches of northern tallgrass prairie during 1998–2001. The response to patch size was very similar among species regardless of body size (density was little affected by patch size), except in the Greater Prairie-Chicken (</span><i>Tympanuchus cupido</i><span>), which showed a threshold effect and was not found in patches smaller than 140 ha. In landscapes containing 0%–30% woody vegetation, smaller species responded more negatively to increases in the percentage of woody vegetation than larger species, but above an apparent threshold of 30%, larger species were not detected. Further analyses revealed that the observed variation in responses to patch size and landscape structure among species was not solely due to body size per se, but to other differences among species. These results indicate that a stringent application of concepts requiring larger habitat patches for larger species appears to limit the number of grassland habitats that can be protected and may not always be the most effective conservation strategy.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[808:DBSAAB]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Winter, M., Johnson, D.H., and Shaffer, J.A., 2006, Does body size affect a bird's sensitivity to patch size and landscape structure?: Condor, v. 108, no. 4, p. 808-816, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[808:DBSAAB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"808","endPage":"816","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477445,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[808:dbsaab]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":236553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209825,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[808:DBSAAB]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"108","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a038ce4b0c8380cd50524","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, Maiken","contributorId":174790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winter","given":"Maiken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":420066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708 jshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":3184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Jill","email":"jshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":420064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028869,"text":"70028869 - 2006 - Consumers limit the abundance and dynamics of a perennial shrub with a seed bank","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028869","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consumers limit the abundance and dynamics of a perennial shrub with a seed bank","docAbstract":"For nearly 30 years, ecologists have argued that predators of seeds and seedlings seldom have population-level effects on plants with persistent seed banks and density-dependent seedling survival. We parameterized stage-based population models that incorporated density dependence and seed dormancy with data from a 5.5-year experiment that quantified how granivorous mice and herbivorous voles influence bush lupine (Lupinus arboreus) demography. We asked how seed dormancy and density-dependent seedling survival mediate the impacts of these consumers in dune and grassland habitats. In dune habitat, mice reduced analytical ?? (the intrinsic rate of population growth) by 39%, the equilibrium number of above-ground plants by 90%, and the seed bank by 98%; voles had minimal effects. In adjacent grasslands, mice had minimal effects, but seedling herbivory by voles reduced analytical ?? by 15% and reduced both the equilibrium number of aboveground plants and dormant seeds by 63%. A bootstrap analysis demonstrated that these consumer effects were robust to parameter uncertainty. Our results demonstrate that the quantitative strengths of seed dormancy and density-dependent seedling survival-not their mere existence-critically mediate consumer effects. This study suggests that plant population dynamics and distribution may be more strongly influenced by consumers of seeds and seedlings than is currently recognized. ?? 2006 by The University of Chicago.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/507877","issn":"00030147","usgsCitation":"Kauffman, M.J., and Maron, J., 2006, Consumers limit the abundance and dynamics of a perennial shrub with a seed bank: American Naturalist, v. 168, no. 4, p. 454-470, https://doi.org/10.1086/507877.","startPage":"454","endPage":"470","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209933,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/507877"},{"id":236693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"168","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa23e4b0c8380cd4d954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kauffman, M. J.","contributorId":44262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maron, J.L.","contributorId":87735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maron","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028933,"text":"70028933 - 2006 - Interpreting map art with a perspective learned from J.M. Blaut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028933","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1188,"text":"Cartographic Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpreting map art with a perspective learned from J.M. Blaut","docAbstract":"Map art has been mentioned only briefly in geographic or cartographic literature, and has been analyzed almost entirely at the interpretive level. This paper attempts to define and evaluate the cartographic value of contemporary map-like art by placing the body of work as a whole in the theoretical concepts proposed by J.M. Blaut and his colleagues about mapping as a cognitive and cultural universal. This paper discusses how map art resembles mapping characteristics similar to those observed empirically in very young children as described in the publications of Blaut and others. The theory proposes that these early mapping skills are later structured and refined by their social context and practice. Diverse cultural contexts account for the varieties, types, and degrees of mapping behavior documented with time and geographic place. The dynamics of early mapping are compared to mapping techniques employed by artists. The discipline of fine art serves as the context surrounding map artists and their work. My visual analysis, research about the art and the artists, and interviews with artists and curators form the basis of my interpretation of these works within varied and multiple contexts of late 20th century map art.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cartographic Perspectives","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10489053","usgsCitation":"Varanka, D., 2006, Interpreting map art with a perspective learned from J.M. Blaut: Cartographic Perspectives, no. 53, p. 15-23.","startPage":"15","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"53","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d91e4b0c8380cd6367a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varanka, D.","contributorId":9050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varanka","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028932,"text":"70028932 - 2006 - Vertical variability in saturated zone hydrochemistry near Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028932","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Vertical variability in saturated zone hydrochemistry near Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"The differences in the saturated zone hydrochemistry with depth at borehole NC-EWDP-22PC reflect the addition of recharge along Fortymile Wash. The differences in water chemistry with depth at borehole NC-EWDP-19PB appear to indicate that other processes are involved. Water from the lower part of NC-EWDP-19PB possesses chemical characteristics that clearly indicate that it has undergone cation exchange that resulted in the removal of calcium and magnesium and the addition of sodium. This water is very similar to water from the Western Yucca Mountain facies that has previously been thought to flow west of NC-EWDP-19PB. Water from the lower zone in NC-EWDP-19PB also could represent water from the Eastern Yucca Mountain fades that has moved through day-bearing or zeolitized aquifer material resulting in the altered chemistry. Water chemistry from the upper part of the saturated zone at NC-EWDP-19PB, both zones at NC-EWDP-22PC, and wells in the Fortymile Wash facies appears to be the result of recharge through the alluvium south of Yucca Mountain and within the Fortymile Wash channel.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM","conferenceTitle":"11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","conferenceDate":"30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0894486918; 9780894486913","usgsCitation":"Patterson, G.L., and Striffler, P., 2006, Vertical variability in saturated zone hydrochemistry near Yucca Mountain, Nevada, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM, v. 2006, Las Vegas, NV, 30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006, p. 390-394.","startPage":"390","endPage":"394","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2006","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc248e4b08c986b32aa3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patterson, G. L.","contributorId":35356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":420619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Striffler, P.S.","contributorId":57646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striffler","given":"P.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028931,"text":"70028931 - 2006 - Use of thermodynamic sorption models to derive radionuclide Kd values for performance assessment: Selected results and recommendations of the NEA sorption project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028931","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of thermodynamic sorption models to derive radionuclide Kd values for performance assessment: Selected results and recommendations of the NEA sorption project","docAbstract":"For the safe final disposal and/or long-term storage of radioactive wastes, deep or near-surface underground repositories are being considered world-wide. A central safety feature is the prevention, or sufficient retardation, of radionuclide (RN) migration to the biosphere. To this end, radionuclide sorption is one of the most important processes. Decreasing the uncertainty in radionuclide sorption may contribute significantly to reducing the overall uncertainty of a performance assessment (PA). For PA, sorption is typically characterised by distribution coefficients (Kd values). The conditional nature of Kd requires different estimates of this parameter for each set of geochemical conditions of potential relevance in a RN's migration pathway. As it is not feasible to measure sorption for every set of conditions, the derivation of Kd for PA must rely on data derived from representative model systems. As a result, uncertainty in Kd is largely caused by the need to derive values for conditions not explicitly addressed in experiments. The recently concluded NEA Sorption Project [1] showed that thermodynamic sorption models (TSMs) are uniquely suited to derive K d as a function of conditions, because they allow a direct coupling of sorption with variable solution chemistry and mineralogy in a thermodynamic framework. The results of the project enable assessment of the suitability of various TSM approaches for PA-relevant applications as well as of the potential and limitations of TSMs to model RN sorption in complex systems. ?? by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag.","largerWorkTitle":"Radiochimica Acta","language":"English","doi":"10.1524/ract.2006.94.9-11.779","issn":"00338230","usgsCitation":"Ochs, M., Davis, J., Olin, M., Payne, T., Tweed, C., Askarieh, M., and Altmann, S., 2006, Use of thermodynamic sorption models to derive radionuclide Kd values for performance assessment: Selected results and recommendations of the NEA sorption project, <i>in</i> Radiochimica Acta, v. 94, no. 9-11, p. 779-785, https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.2006.94.9-11.779.","startPage":"779","endPage":"785","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209881,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1524/ract.2006.94.9-11.779"},{"id":236624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"9-11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbfa2e4b08c986b329c9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ochs, M.","contributorId":92025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ochs","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olin, M.","contributorId":58439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olin","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Payne, T.E.","contributorId":31916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tweed, C.J.","contributorId":90087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tweed","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Askarieh, M.M.","contributorId":94841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Askarieh","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Altmann, S.","contributorId":75321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altmann","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028930,"text":"70028930 - 2006 - Surface fault slip associated with the 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T11:37:25","indexId":"70028930","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface fault slip associated with the 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake","docAbstract":"Surface fracturing occurred along the San Andreas fault, the subparallel Southwest Fracture Zone, and six secondary faults in association with the 28 September 2004 (M 6.0) Parkfield earthquake. Fractures formed discontinuous breaks along a 32-km-long stretch of the San Andreas fault. Sense of slip was right lateral; only locally was there a minor (1-11 mm) vertical component of slip. Right-lateral slip in the first few weeks after the event, early in its afterslip period, ranged from 1 to 44 mm. Our observations in the weeks following the earthquake indicated that the highest slip values are in the Middle Mountain area, northwest of the mainshock epicenter (creepmeter measurements indicate a similar distribution of slip). Surface slip along the San Andreas fault developed soon after the mainshock; field checks in the area near Parkfield and about 5 km to the southeast indicated that surface slip developed more than 1 hr but generally less than 1 day after the event. Slip along the Southwest Fracture Zone developed coseismically and extended about 8 km. Sense of slip was right lateral; locally there was a minor to moderate (1-29 mm) vertical component of slip. Right-lateral slip ranged from 1 to 41 mm. Surface slip along secondary faults was right lateral; the right-lateral component of slip ranged from 3 to 5 mm. Surface slip in the 1966 and 2004 events occurred along both the San Andreas fault and the Southwest Fracture Zone. In 1966 the length of ground breakage along the San Andreas fault extended 5 km longer than that mapped in 2004. In contrast, the length of ground breakage along the Southwest Fracture Zone was the same in both events, yet the surface fractures were more continuous in 2004. Surface slip on secondary faults in 2004 indicated previously unmapped structural connections between the San Andreas fault and the Southwest Fracture Zone, further revealing aspects of the structural setting and fault interactions in the Parkfield area.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050830","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Rymer, M.J., Tinsley, J.C., Treiman, J., Arrowsmith, J., Ciahan, K., Rosinski, A., Bryant, W., Snyder, H.A., Fuis, G., Toke, N., and Bawden, G., 2006, Surface fault slip associated with the 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 4 B, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050830.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209880,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050830"}],"volume":"96","issue":"4 B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9fa9e4b08c986b31e768","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rymer, M. J.","contributorId":90694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tinsley, J. C. III","contributorId":39777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Treiman, J.A.","contributorId":19735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treiman","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arrowsmith, J.R.","contributorId":88536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arrowsmith","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ciahan, K.B.","contributorId":21336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciahan","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosinski, A.M.","contributorId":37939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosinski","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bryant, W. A.","contributorId":56255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryant","given":"W. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Snyder, Hollice A.","contributorId":59530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Hollice","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Toke, N.A.","contributorId":76924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toke","given":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bawden, G.W.","contributorId":61139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70028795,"text":"70028795 - 2006 - Non-invasive method to obtain DNA from freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028795","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-invasive method to obtain DNA from freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae)","docAbstract":"To determine whether DNA could be isolated from tissues obtained by brush-swabbing the mantle, viscera and foot, mantle-clips and swabbed cells were obtained from eight Quadrula pustulosa (Lea, 1831). DNA yields from clips and swabbings were 447.0 and 975.3 ??g/??L, respectively. Furthermore, comparisons of sequences from the ND-1 mitochondrial gene region showed a 100% sequence agreement of DNA from cells obtained by clips and swabs. To determine the number of swabs needed to obtain adequate yields of DNA for analyses, the visceras and feet of 5 Q. pustulosa each were successively swabbed 2, 4 and 6 times. DNA yields from the 2, 4 and 6 swabbed mussel groups were 399.4, 833.8 and 852.6 ng/??L, respectively. ND-1 sequences from the lowest yield still provided 846-901 bp for the ND-1 region. Nevertheless, to ensure adequate DNA yield from cell samples obtained by swabbing, we recommend that 4 swab-strokes of the viscera and foot be obtained. The use of integumental swabbing for collection of cells for determination of genetic relationships among freshwater mussels is noninvasive, when compared with tissue collection by mantle-clipping. Therefore, its use is recommended for freshwater mussels, especially state-protected or federally listed mussel species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Shellfish Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07308000","usgsCitation":"Henley, W., Grobler, P., and Neves, R.J., 2006, Non-invasive method to obtain DNA from freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae): Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 25, no. 3, p. 975-977.","startPage":"975","endPage":"977","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a674be4b0c8380cd73272","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henley, W.F.","contributorId":65276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henley","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grobler, P.J.","contributorId":88548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grobler","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neves, R. J.","contributorId":30936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neves","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028914,"text":"70028914 - 2006 - The influence of aridity and fire on Holocene prairie communities in the eastern Prairie Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028914","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of aridity and fire on Holocene prairie communities in the eastern Prairie Peninsula","docAbstract":"The role of climate and fire in the development, maintenance, and species composition of prairie in the eastern axis of the tallgrass Prairie Peninsula intrigued early North American ecologists. However, evaluation of the long-standing hypotheses about the region's environmental history has been hampered by the scarcity of paleorecords. We conducted multiproxy analyses on early and middle Holocene sediments from two Illinois, USA, lakes to assess long-term climatic, vegetational, and fire variability in the region. Sediment mineral composition, carbonate ??18O, ostracode assemblages, and diatom assemblages were integrated to infer fluctuations in moisture availability. Pollen and charcoal ??13C were used to reconstruct vegetation composition, and charcoal influx was used to reconstruct fire. Results indicate that fire-sensitive trees (e.g., Ulmus, Ostrya, Fraxinus, and Acer saccharum) declined and prairie taxa expanded with increased aridity from 10 000 yr BP to 8500 yr BP. Between ???8500 yr BP and ???6200 yr BP, aridity declined, and prairie coexisted with fire-sensitive and fire-tolerant (e.g., Quercus and Carya) trees. After ???6200 yr BP, prairie taxa became dominant, although aridity was not more severe than it was around 8500 yr BP. Along with aridity, fire appears to have played an important role in the establishment and maintenance of prairie communities in the eastern Prairie Peninsula, consistent with the speculations of the early ecologists. Comparison of our data with results from elsewhere in the North American midcontinent indicates that spatial heterogeneity is a characteristic feature of climatic and vegetational variations on millennial time scales. ?? 2006 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2523:TIOAAF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Nelson, D., Feng, S., Grimm, E., Curry, B.B., and Slate, J., 2006, The influence of aridity and fire on Holocene prairie communities in the eastern Prairie Peninsula: Ecology, v. 87, no. 10, p. 2523-2536, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2523:TIOAAF]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"2523","endPage":"2536","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209676,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2523:TIOAAF]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad10e4b08c986b32395a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, D.M.","contributorId":104265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feng, S.H.","contributorId":24978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feng","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grimm, E.C.","contributorId":88136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimm","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curry, B. Brandon","contributorId":104224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brandon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Slate, J.E.","contributorId":6644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slate","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028912,"text":"70028912 - 2006 - Ecology of a population of subsidized predators: Common ravens in the central Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028912","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecology of a population of subsidized predators: Common ravens in the central Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"Human subsidies have resulted in the rapid growth of populations of common ravens (Corvus corax) in the Mojave Desert. This is a management concern because ravens prey on threatened desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii). We conducted weekly counts for 29 months at 10 sites on the US Army's National Training Center, Fort Irwin, California to evaluate factors affecting the distribution of ravens. Raven abundance varied seasonally, diurnally, and with human abundance. It was greatest near resource subsidies, specifically the landfill and sewage ponds. Although other studies have documented heavy use of landfills by ravens, the use of sewage ponds had not been previously reported in the published literature. We suggest that raven management should focus on reducing access to anthropogenic resources. ?? 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.024","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Boarman, W., Patten, M., Camp, R., and Collis, S., 2006, Ecology of a population of subsidized predators: Common ravens in the central Mojave Desert, California: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 67, no. SUPPL., p. 248-261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.024.","startPage":"248","endPage":"261","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209648,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.024"},{"id":236312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0570e4b0c8380cd50dd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boarman, W.I.","contributorId":73523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boarman","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patten, M.A.","contributorId":107912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patten","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camp, R.J.","contributorId":89097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collis, S.J.","contributorId":80061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collis","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028911,"text":"70028911 - 2006 - Attributes of desert tortoise populations at the National Training Center, Central Mojave Desert, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028911","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Attributes of desert tortoise populations at the National Training Center, Central Mojave Desert, California, USA","docAbstract":"We sampled 21 study plots for desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at the National Training Center, Fort Irwin, California. Each plot was sampled once between 1997 and 2003 to obtain a snapshot of population attributes, status, and relationships between tortoise densities and human activities. Densities ranged from <1 to 28 tortoises km-2; overall, tortoises were uncommon to rare at 16 of the 21 plots. Tortoise densities were negatively correlated with death rates, infectious disease (mycoplasmosis), surface disturbance and trash. Health status of tortoises was correlated with some anthropogenic uses. The presence of infectious disease in tortoises was negatively correlated with distances from offices, the Ft. Irwin cantonment, and paved roads. Also, significantly more tortoises with shell disease were found on plots with current and recent military use than on plots with no history of military use. Factors contributing to or causing deaths of tortoises included vehicles, vandalism, predation, mycoplasmosis and shell diseases. Annual death rates for subadult and adult tortoises ranged from 1.9% to 95.2% for the 4 years preceding surveys. Deaths from anthropogenic sources were significantly correlated with surface disturbances, trash, military ordnance, and proximity to offices and paved roads-typical characteristics of military training areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.02.001","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Berry, K., Bailey, T., and Anderson, K., 2006, Attributes of desert tortoise populations at the National Training Center, Central Mojave Desert, California, USA: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 67, no. SUPPL., p. 165-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.02.001.","startPage":"165","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209647,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.02.001"},{"id":236311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eed7e4b0c8380cd49fd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, T.Y.","contributorId":64008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"T.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, K.M.","contributorId":39996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028878,"text":"70028878 - 2006 - Survival and growth of age-0 steelhead after surgical implantation of 23-mm passive integrated transponders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T14:23:41","indexId":"70028878","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and growth of age-0 steelhead after surgical implantation of 23-mm passive integrated transponders","docAbstract":"<p><span>Little information is available on the effects of implanting 23-mm passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in salmonids less than 90 mm fork length (FL). Using juvenile steelhead&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>&nbsp;(range, 73&ndash;97 mm FL), we compared instantaneous growth rates and survival among three experimental groups: control, surgery with no tag, and surgery with tag. Survival rate was lower for tagged fish (86%) than for control and surgery&minus;no tag fish (virtually 100% in each group). Approximately 90% of the mortalities occurred during days 1&ndash;3. Growth rate for the tagged group was lower for the first two 10-d measurement intervals; however, during the third 10-d interval, growth rates for tagged fish equaled or exceeded values for the other groups. These results suggest that tagged fish recovered by day 20. Growth rates for the control and surgery&minus;no tag groups did not differ from one another during any measurement interval. Tag retention rate was 97% over the 30-d period of the study. It appears that the combination of fish length and tag size in this study resulted in short-term negative effects on growth rate and survival; however, 23-mm PIT tags may still be useful for studies of salmonids 80&ndash;90 mm FL when survival is not the parameter of interest.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1577/M05-111.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Bateman, D., and Gresswell, R., 2006, Survival and growth of age-0 steelhead after surgical implantation of 23-mm passive integrated transponders: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 26, no. 3, p. 545-550, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-111.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"550","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209615,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-111.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2b0e4b08c986b31f8ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bateman, D.S.","contributorId":21103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bateman","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gresswell, R. E.","contributorId":38084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}