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,{"id":70028557,"text":"70028557 - 2006 - Alongshore wind forcing of coastal sea level as a function of frequency","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028557","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2426,"text":"Journal of Physical Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alongshore wind forcing of coastal sea level as a function of frequency","docAbstract":"The amplitude of the frequency response function between coastal alongshore wind stress and adjusted sea level anomalies along the west coast of the United States increases linearly as a function of the logarithm (log10) of the period for time scales up to at least 60, and possibly 100, days. The amplitude of the frequency response function increases even more rapidly at longer periods out to at least 5 yr. At the shortest periods, the amplitude of the frequency response function is small because sea level is forced only by the local component of the wind field. The regional wind field, which controls the wind-forced response in sea level for periods between 20 and 100 days, not only has much broader spatial scales than the local wind, but also propagates along the coast in the same direction as continental shelf waves. Hence, it has a stronger coupling to and an increased frequency response for sea level. At periods of a year or more, observed coastal sea level fluctuations are not only forced by the regional winds, but also by joint correlations among the larger-scale climatic patterns associated with El Nin??o. Therefore, the amplitude of the frequency response function is large, despite the fact that the energy in the coastal wind field is relatively small. These data show that the coastal sea level response to wind stress forcing along the west coast of the United States changes in a consistent and predictable pattern over a very broad range of frequencies with time scales from a few days to several years.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Physical Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/JPO2972.1","issn":"00223670","usgsCitation":"Ryan, H.F., and Noble, M., 2006, Alongshore wind forcing of coastal sea level as a function of frequency: Journal of Physical Oceanography, v. 36, no. 11, p. 2173-2184, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO2972.1.","startPage":"2173","endPage":"2184","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477547,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jpo2972.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209657,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JPO2972.1"},{"id":236325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e973e4b0c8380cd482b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, H. F.","contributorId":18002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noble, M.A.","contributorId":93513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028537,"text":"70028537 - 2006 - A geochronological approach for cave evolution in the Cantabrian Coast (Pindal Cave, NW Spain)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028537","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A geochronological approach for cave evolution in the Cantabrian Coast (Pindal Cave, NW Spain)","docAbstract":"Some of the oldest speleothems in the North Cantabrian Coast (Spain) are reported for the first time in this work. Pindal Cave is developed at 24 m above sea level, in a karstic massif reaching its highest surface in a marine terrace (rasa) located at 50-64 m above the present sea level. Several phases of evolution were previously recognized into the cave, including block collapse of the roof, episodic flooding and detrital sedimentation, and chemical precipitation of at least four speleothem generations over both alluvial and collapse deposits. Three of these speleothem generations have been dated by U/Th. The first generation yielded ages from 124,2 ?? 1, 5 ka BP to 73,1 ?? 0,9 ka BP, giving a minimum age for the main detritic sediments in the cave. The second one is not dated. The third generation gives an age of 3,71 ?? 0,4 ka BP (mathematically corrected to 2.7 ?? 0.5 ka BP), while for the youngest generation, with actively growing stalagmites in the cave, basal ages of 200 years BP are estimated by counting annual laminae. The data suggest a tentative maximum elevation rate close to 0, 2 mm/yr for the Cantabrian Margin in this area, although further chronological studies will be needed to check this hypothesis. ?? 2006 Gebru??der Borntraeger.","largerWorkTitle":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband","language":"English","issn":"00442798","usgsCitation":"Jimenez-Sanchez, M., Bischoff, J.L., Stoll, H., and Aranburu, A., 2006, A geochronological approach for cave evolution in the Cantabrian Coast (Pindal Cave, NW Spain), <i>in</i> Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband, v. 147, p. 129-141.","startPage":"129","endPage":"141","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"147","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3f8e4b0c8380cd4631d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jimenez-Sanchez, M.","contributorId":26871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jimenez-Sanchez","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoll, H.","contributorId":29189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoll","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aranburu, A.","contributorId":66901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aranburu","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028602,"text":"70028602 - 2006 - Description of the adults of Maccaffertium lenati (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), notes on its ecology and distribution, and a new North Carolina record for Isonychia arida (Ephemeroptera: Isonychiidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028602","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3152,"text":"Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Description of the adults of Maccaffertium lenati (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), notes on its ecology and distribution, and a new North Carolina record for Isonychia arida (Ephemeroptera: Isonychiidae)","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00138797","usgsCitation":"Kondratieff, B., Zuellig, R., and Lenat, D.R., 2006, Description of the adults of Maccaffertium lenati (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), notes on its ecology and distribution, and a new North Carolina record for Isonychia arida (Ephemeroptera: Isonychiidae): Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, v. 108, no. 4, p. 995-997.","startPage":"995","endPage":"997","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff04e4b0c8380cd4f00a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kondratieff, B.C.","contributorId":103230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kondratieff","given":"B.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zuellig, R.E.","contributorId":37045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lenat, D. R.","contributorId":29478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenat","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028661,"text":"70028661 - 2006 - Adsorption site analysis of impurity embedded single-walled carbon nanotube bundles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028661","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1182,"text":"Carbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adsorption site analysis of impurity embedded single-walled carbon nanotube bundles","docAbstract":"Bundle morphology and adsorptive contributions from nanotubes and impurities are studied both experimentally and by simulation using a computer-aided methodology, which employs a small physisorbed probe molecule to explore the porosity of nanotube samples. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation of nitrogen adsorption on localized sites of a bundle is carried out to predict adsorption in its accessible internal pore volume and on its external surface as a function of tube diameter. External adsorption is split into the contributions from the clean surface of the outermost nanotubes of the bundle and from the surface of the impurities. The site-specific isotherms are then combined into a global isotherm for a given sample using knowledge of its tube-diameter distribution obtained by Raman spectroscopy. The structural parameters of the sample, such as the fraction of open-ended nanotubes and the contributions from impurities and nanotube bundles to total external surface area, are determined by fitting the experimental nitrogen adsorption data to the simulated isotherm. The degree of closure between experimental and calculated adsorption isotherms for samples manufactured by two different methods, to provide different nanotube morphology and contamination level, further strengthens the validity and resulting interpretations based on the proposed approach. The average number of nanotubes per bundle and average bundle size, within a sample, are also quantified. The proposed method allows for extrapolation of adsorption properties to conditions where the purification process is 100% effective at removing all impurities and opening access to all intrabundle adsorption sites. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Carbon","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2006.05.038","issn":"00086223","usgsCitation":"Agnihotri, S., Mota, J., Rostam-Abadi, M., and Rood, M., 2006, Adsorption site analysis of impurity embedded single-walled carbon nanotube bundles: Carbon, v. 44, no. 12, p. 2376-2383, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2006.05.038.","startPage":"2376","endPage":"2383","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209691,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2006.05.038"},{"id":236367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6fee4b0c8380cd477a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Agnihotri, S.","contributorId":19344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agnihotri","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mota, J.P.B.","contributorId":18937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mota","given":"J.P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rostam-Abadi, M.","contributorId":37061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostam-Abadi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rood, M.J.","contributorId":15354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rood","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028644,"text":"70028644 - 2006 - Inhibition of coral recruitment by macroalgae and cyanobacteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028644","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inhibition of coral recruitment by macroalgae and cyanobacteria","docAbstract":"Coral recruitment is a key process in the maintenance and recovery of coral reef ecosystems. While intense competition between coral and algae is often assumed on reefs that have undergone phase shifts from coral to algal dominance, data examining the competitive interactions involved, particularly during the larval and immediate post-settlement stage, are scarce. Using a series of field and outdoor seawater table experiments, we tested the hypothesis that common species of macroalgae and cyanobacteria inhibit coral recruitment. We examined the effects of Lyngbya spp., Dictyota spp., Lobophora variegata (J. V. Lamouroux) Womersley, and Chondrophycus poiteaui (J. V. Lamouroux) Nam (formerly Laurencia poiteaui) on the recruitment success of Porites astreoides larvae. All species but C. poiteaui caused either recruitment inhibition or avoidance behavior in P. astreoides larvae, while L. confervoides and D. menstrualis significantly increased mortality rates of P. astreoides recruits. We also tested the effect of some of these macrophytes on larvae of the gorgonian octocoral Briareum asbestinum. Exposure to Lyngbya majuscula reduced survival and recruitment in the octocoral larvae. Our results provide evidence that algae and cyanobacteria use tactics beyond space occupation to inhibit coral recruitment. On reefs experiencing phase shifts or temporary algal blooms, the restocking of adult coral populations may be slowed due to recruitment inhibition, thereby perpetuating reduced coral cover and limiting coral community recovery. ?? Inter-Research 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3354/meps323107","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Kuffner, I., Walters, L., Becerro, M., Paul, V., Ritson-Williams, R., and Beach, K., 2006, Inhibition of coral recruitment by macroalgae and cyanobacteria: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 323, p. 107-117, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps323107.","startPage":"107","endPage":"117","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477687,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps323107","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps323107"},{"id":236573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"323","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bd7e4b0c8380cd62878","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuffner, I. B.","contributorId":40328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"I. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walters, L.J.","contributorId":107081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becerro, M.A.","contributorId":18956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becerro","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paul, V.J.","contributorId":40782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"V.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ritson-Williams, R.","contributorId":88546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritson-Williams","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beach, K.S.","contributorId":37134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beach","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028618,"text":"70028618 - 2006 - Possible effects of the 2004 and 2005 hurricanes on manatee survival rates and movement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-10T13:22:04","indexId":"70028618","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible effects of the 2004 and 2005 hurricanes on manatee survival rates and movement","docAbstract":"<p>Prior research on manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) survival in northwest Florida, based on mark-resighting photo-identification data from 1982-1998, showed that annual adult apparent survival rate was significantly lower during years with extreme storms. Mechanisms that we proposed could have led to lower estimates included stranding, injury from debris, being fatally swept out to sea, or displacement into poorly monitored areas due to storm-generated longshore currents or storm-related loss of habitat. In 2004 and 2005, seven major hurricanes impacted areas of Florida encompassing three regional manatee subpopulations, enabling us to further examine some of these mechanisms. Data from a group of manatees tracked in southwest Florida with satellite transmitters during Hurricanes Charley, Katrina, and Wilma showed that these animals made no significant movement before and during storm passage. Mark-resighting data are being collected to determine if survival rates were lower with the 2004 and 2005 storms. ?? 2006 Estuarine Research Federation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries and Coasts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/BF02798665","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Langtimm, C., Krohn, M.D., Reid, J., Stith, B., and Beck, C., 2006, Possible effects of the 2004 and 2005 hurricanes on manatee survival rates and movement: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 29, no. 6, p. 1026-1032, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02798665.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1026","endPage":"1032","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e1be4b0c8380cd7a346","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langtimm, C.A. 0000-0001-8499-5743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":71133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langtimm","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krohn, M. D.","contributorId":51250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reid, J.P. 0000-0002-8497-1132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-1132","contributorId":59372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stith, B.M.","contributorId":53741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stith","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beck, C.A. 0000-0002-5388-5418","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5418","contributorId":78674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028653,"text":"70028653 - 2006 - Research approach to teaching groundwater biodegradation in karst aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028653","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Research approach to teaching groundwater biodegradation in karst aquifers","docAbstract":"TSU in partnership with the USGS has conducted extensive research regarding biode??gradation of contaminants in karst aquifers. This research resulted in the development of a numerical approach to modeling biodegradation of contaminants in karst aquifers that is taught to environmental engineering students in several steps. First, environmental engineering students are taught chemical-reaction engineering principles relating to a wide variety of environmental fate and transport issues. Second, as part of TSU's engineering course curriculum, students use a non-ideal flow laboratory reactor system and run a tracer study to establish residence time distribution (RTD). Next, the students couple that formula to a first-order biodegradation rate and predict the removal of a biodegradable contaminant as a function of residence time. Following this, students are shown data collected from karst bedrock wells that suggest that karst aquifers are analogous to non-ideal flow reactors. The students are challenged to develop rates of biodegradation through lab studies and use their results to predict biodegradaton at an actual contaminated karst site. Field studies are also conducted to determine the accuracy of the students' predictions. This academic approach teaches biodegradation processes, rate-kinetic processes, hydraulic processes and numerical principles. The students are able to experience how chemical engineering principles can be applied to other situations, such as, modeling biodegradation of contaminants in karst aquifers. This paper provides background on the chemical engineering principles and karst issues used in the research-enhanced curriculum. ?? American Society for Engineering Education, 2006.","largerWorkTitle":"ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006","conferenceDate":"18 June 2006 through 21 June 2006","conferenceLocation":"Chicago, IL","language":"English","usgsCitation":"King, L., Byl, T., and Painter, R., 2006, Research approach to teaching groundwater biodegradation in karst aquifers, <i>in</i> ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, Chicago, IL, 18 June 2006 through 21 June 2006.","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa91be4b0c8380cd85c0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, L.","contributorId":23744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byl, T.","contributorId":31967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byl","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Painter, R.","contributorId":54393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028614,"text":"70028614 - 2006 - Paleotsunami research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028614","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleotsunami research","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Rhodes, B., Tuttle, M., Horton, B., Doner, L., Kelsey, H., Nelson, A., and Cisternas, M., 2006, Paleotsunami research: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 87, no. 21, p. 208-209.","startPage":"208","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a745ce4b0c8380cd775de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhodes, B.","contributorId":79689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodes","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tuttle, M.","contributorId":26397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horton, B.","contributorId":25341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doner, L.","contributorId":46290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doner","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelsey, H.","contributorId":84556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelsey","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nelson, A.","contributorId":50343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cisternas, M.","contributorId":33911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cisternas","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028670,"text":"70028670 - 2006 - Anomalous postcritical refraction behavior for certain transversely isotropic media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70028670","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2516,"text":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anomalous postcritical refraction behavior for certain transversely isotropic media","docAbstract":"Snell's law at the boundary between two transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI media) can be solved by setting up a fourth order polynomial for the sine of the reflection/transmission angles. This approach reveals the possible presence of an anomalous postcritical angle for certain transversely isotropic media. There are thus possibly three incident angle regimes for the reflection/refraction of longitudinal or transverse waves incident upon a VTI medium: precritical, postcritical/preanomalous, and postanomalous. The anomalous angle occurs for certain strongly anisotropic media where the required root to the phase velocity equation must be switched in order to obey Snell's law. The reflection/transmission coefficients, polarization directions, and the phase velocity are all affected by both the anisotropy and the incident angle. The incident critical angles are also effected by the anisotropy. ?? 2006 Acoustical Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1121/1.2360419","issn":"00014966","usgsCitation":"Fa, L., Brown, R., and Castagna, J., 2006, Anomalous postcritical refraction behavior for certain transversely isotropic media: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, v. 120, no. 6, p. 3479-3492, https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2360419.","startPage":"3479","endPage":"3492","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209792,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2360419"},{"id":236507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec4ae4b0c8380cd49190","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fa, L.","contributorId":107080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fa","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, R.L.","contributorId":107014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castagna, J.P.","contributorId":90078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castagna","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028642,"text":"70028642 - 2006 - Pelagic seabird surveys in the Tuamotu and Gambier Archipelagos, French Polynesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T13:08:10","indexId":"70028642","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pelagic seabird surveys in the Tuamotu and Gambier Archipelagos, French Polynesia","docAbstract":"We conducted pelagic seabird surveys in the Gambier and Tuamotu Archipelagos in the southeastern Pacific Ocean totaling 40 hours during 7-27 March 2003 and 22.5 hours during 22-27 July 2001. We used a 300-m-wide strip transect to estimate seabird density, and we estimated relative abundance of birds at all distances. In 2001, we observed a total of 326 birds of 18 species. The mean relative abundance of all birds was 14.3 ?? 3.1/h. Red-footed Booby Sula sula was the most abundant species (5.6/h), followed by White Tern Gygis alba (3.4/h), and Great Crested or Swift Tern Sterna bergii (1.2/h). In 2003, we observed a total of 1463 birds of 25 species. The mean relative abundance of all birds was 36.6 ?? 11.4/h and the mean density of all birds was 4.14 ?? 0.72/km2. Brown Noddy Anous stolidus was the most abundant species (17.6/h, 1.5/km2), followed by White Tern (8.4/h, 1.3/km2), and Red-footed Booby (4.6/h, 0.8/km2). Several globally or locally rare species were observed infrequently, including Phoenix Petrel Pterodroma alba (0.1/h, 0.03/km2). Distribution of birds was uneven, with long periods of no birds punctuated by occasional feeding flocks. In 2003, species diversity was related to length of observation period, with more species observed on longer segments (r2 = 0.58, F1.5 = 6.03, P = 0.05). Although the duration and extent of our surveys were limited, these data are valuable because little published information is available on pelagic seabirds in southeastern Polynesia.","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Seabird Group","issn":"10183337","usgsCitation":"Vanderwerf, E.A., Pierce, R.J., Gill, V., Wragg, G., Raust, P., and Tibbitts, T.L., 2006, Pelagic seabird surveys in the Tuamotu and Gambier Archipelagos, French Polynesia: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 34, no. 1, p. 65-70.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"70","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337053,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.marineornithology.org/content/get.cgi?rn=684"}],"country":"France","state":"French Polynesia","otherGeospatial":"Gambier Archipelago, Tuamotu Archipelago","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150,\n              -10\n            ],\n            [\n              -134,\n              -10\n            ],\n            [\n              -134,\n              -25\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              -25\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              -10\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a763ce4b0c8380cd77fd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanderwerf, Eric A.","contributorId":104689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vanderwerf","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, Ray J.","contributorId":16635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierce","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":418986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wragg, Graham","contributorId":8272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wragg","given":"Graham","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raust, Philippe","contributorId":46288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raust","given":"Philippe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":140455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028622,"text":"70028622 - 2006 - Evaluating a small footprint, waveform-resolving lidar over coastal vegetation communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-15T14:23:17.747153","indexId":"70028622","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating a small footprint, waveform-resolving lidar over coastal vegetation communities","docAbstract":"<p>NASA’s Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) is a raster-scanning, waveform-resolving, green-wavelength (532 nm) lidar designed to map near-shore bathymetry, topography, and vegetation structure simultaneously. The EAARL sensor records the time history of the return waveform within a small footprint (20 cm diameter) for each laser pulse, enabling characterization of vegetation canopy structure and “bare earth” topography under a variety of vegetation types. A collection of individual waveforms combined within a synthesized large footprint was used to define three metrics: canopy height (CH), canopy reflection ratio (CRR), and height of median energy (HOME). Bare Earth Elevation (BEE) metric was derived using the individual small-footprint waveforms. All four metrics were tested for reproducibility, which resulted in an average of 95 percent correspondence within two standard deviations of the mean. CH and BEE values were also tested for accuracy using ground-truth data. The results presented in this paper show that combining several individual small-footprint laser pulses to define a composite “large-footprint” waveform is a possible method to depict the vertical structure of a vegetation canopy<span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","doi":"10.14358/PERS.72.12.1407","usgsCitation":"Nayegandhi, A., Brock, J., Wright, C., and O’Connell, M.J., 2006, Evaluating a small footprint, waveform-resolving lidar over coastal vegetation communities: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 72, no. 12, p. 1407-1417, https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.72.12.1407.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1407","endPage":"1417","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477555,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.72.12.1407","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":236778,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bd9e4b0c8380cd528e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nayegandhi, Amar","contributorId":37292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nayegandhi","given":"Amar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brock, John 0000-0002-5289-9332 jbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-9332","contributorId":2261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"John","email":"jbrock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":418868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, C. Wayne wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":178023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C. Wayne","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Connell, M. J.","contributorId":18561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028560,"text":"70028560 - 2006 - Health benefits of geologic materials and geologic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-15T14:11:52.273309","indexId":"70028560","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2041,"text":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Health benefits of geologic materials and geologic processes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The reemerging field of Medical Geology is concerned with the impacts of geologic materials and geologic processes on animal and human health. Most medical geology research has been focused on health problems caused by excess or deficiency of trace elements, exposure to ambient dust, and on other geologically related health problems or health problems for which geoscience tools, techniques, or databases could be applied. Little, if any, attention has been focused on the beneficial health effects of rocks, minerals, and geologic processes. These beneficial effects may have been recognized as long as two million years ago and include emotional, mental, and physical health benefits. Some of the earliest known medicines were derived from rocks and minerals. For thousands of years various clays have been used as an antidote for poisons. “Terra sigillata,” still in use today, may have been the first patented medicine. Many trace elements, rocks, and minerals are used today in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals and health care products. There is also a segment of society that believes in the curative and preventative properties of crystals (talismans and amulets). Metals and trace elements are being used in some of today’s most sophisticated medical applications. Other recent examples of beneficial effects of geologic materials and processes include epidemiological studies in Japan that have identified a wide range of health problems (such as muscle and joint pain, hemorrhoids, burns, gout, etc.) that may be treated by one or more of nine chemically distinct types of hot springs, and a study in China indicating that residential coal combustion may be mobilizing sufficient iodine to prevent iodine deficiency disease.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/ijerph2006030042","issn":"16604601","usgsCitation":"Finkelman, R.B., 2006, Health benefits of geologic materials and geologic processes: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 3, no. 4, p. 338-342, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph2006030042.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"338","endPage":"342","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":486906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph2006030042","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2fd7e4b0c8380cd5d129","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028648,"text":"70028648 - 2006 - Influence of particle and surface quality on the vitrinite reflectance of dispersed organic matter: Comparative exercise using data from the qualifying system for reflectance analysis working group of ICCP","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028648","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of particle and surface quality on the vitrinite reflectance of dispersed organic matter: Comparative exercise using data from the qualifying system for reflectance analysis working group of ICCP","docAbstract":"The development of a qualifying system for reflectance analysis has been the scope of a working group within the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP) since 1999, when J. Koch presented a system to qualify vitrinite particles according to their size, proximity to bright components and homogeneity of the surface. After some years of work aimed at improving the classification system using photomicrographs, it was decided to run a round robin exercise on microscopy samples. The classification system tested consists of three qualifiers ranging from excellent to low quality vitrinites with an additional option for unsuitable vitrinites. This paper reports on the results obtained by 22 analysts who were asked to measure random reflectance readings on vitrinite particles assigning to each reading a qualifier. Four samples containing different organic matter types and a variety of vitrinite occurrences have been analysed. Results indicated that the reflectance of particles classified as excellent, good or poor compared to the total average reflectance did not show trends to be systematically lower or higher for the four samples analysed. The differences in reflectance between the qualifiers for any given sample were lower than the scatter of vitrinite reflectance among participants. Overall, satisfactory results were obtained in determining the reflectance of vitrinite in the four samples analysed. This was so for samples having abundant and easy to identify vitrinites (higher plant-derived organic matter) as well as for samples with scarce and difficult to identify particles (samples with dominant marine-derived organic matter). The highest discrepancies were found for the organic-rich oil shales where the selection of the vitrinite population to measure proved to be particularly difficult. Special instructions should be provided for the analysis of this sort of samples. The certainty of identification of the vitrinite associated with the vitrinite reflectance values reported has been assessed through a reliability index which takes into account the number of readings and the coefficient of variation. The same statistical approach as that followed in the ICCP vitrinite reflectance accreditation program for single seam coals has been used for data evaluation. The results indicated low to medium dispersion for 17 out of 22 participants. This, combined with data from other sets of comparative analyses over a long period, is considered an encouraging result for the establishment of an accreditation program on vitrinite reflectance measurements in dispersed organic matter. ?? 2006 ICCP.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2006.02.002","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Borrego, A., Araujo, C., Balke, A., Cardott, B., Cook, A., David, P., Flores, D., Hamor-Vido, M., Hiltmann, W., Kalkreuth, W., Koch, J., Kommeren, C., Kus, J., Ligouis, B., Marques, M., Mendonca Filho, J., Misz, M., Oliveira, L., Pickel, W., Reimer, K., Ranasinghe, P., Suarez-Ruiz, I., and Vieth, A., 2006, Influence of particle and surface quality on the vitrinite reflectance of dispersed organic matter: Comparative exercise using data from the qualifying system for reflectance analysis working group of ICCP: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 68, no. 3-4, p. 151-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2006.02.002.","startPage":"151","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209922,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2006.02.002"},{"id":236678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b63e4b0c8380cd624b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borrego, A.G.","contributorId":53583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borrego","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Araujo, C.V.","contributorId":36738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Araujo","given":"C.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Balke, A.","contributorId":78524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balke","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cardott, B.","contributorId":25342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cardott","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, A.C.","contributorId":43133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"David, P.","contributorId":14180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flores, D.","contributorId":107915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hamor-Vido, M.","contributorId":25343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamor-Vido","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hiltmann, W.","contributorId":71371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiltmann","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kalkreuth, W.","contributorId":12255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkreuth","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Koch, J.","contributorId":7065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koch","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kommeren, C.J.","contributorId":103852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kommeren","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kus, J.","contributorId":98523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ligouis, B.","contributorId":59228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ligouis","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Marques, M.","contributorId":102260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marques","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Mendonca Filho, J.G.","contributorId":26128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendonca Filho","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Misz, M.","contributorId":68524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misz","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Oliveira, L.","contributorId":98099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliveira","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Pickel, W.","contributorId":64014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pickel","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Reimer, K.","contributorId":14998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimer","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Ranasinghe, P.","contributorId":92477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ranasinghe","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Suarez-Ruiz, I.","contributorId":10598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suarez-Ruiz","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Vieth, A.","contributorId":92036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vieth","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23}]}}
,{"id":70028636,"text":"70028636 - 2006 - Occurrence and fate of organic contaminants during onsite wastewater treatment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-26T08:48:33","indexId":"70028636","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and fate of organic contaminants during onsite wastewater treatment","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Onsite wastewater treatment systems serve approximately 25% of the U.S. population. However, little is known regarding the occurrence and fate of organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs), including endocrine disrupting compounds, during onsite treatment. A range of OWCs including surfactant metabolites, steroids, stimulants, metal-chelating agents, disinfectants, antimicrobial agents, and pharmaceutical compounds was quantified in wastewater from 30 onsite treatment systems in Summit and Jefferson Counties, CO. The onsite systems represent a range of residential and nonresidential sources. Eighty eight percent of the 24 target compounds were detected in one or more samples, and several compounds were detected in every wastewater sampled. The wastewater matrices were complex and showed unique differences between source types due to differences in water and consumer product use. Nonresidential sources generally had more OWCs at higher concentrations than residential sources. Additional aerobic biofilter-based treatment beyond the traditional anaerobic tank-based treatment enhanced removal for many OWCs. Removal mechanisms included volatilization, biotransformation, and sorption with efficiencies from &lt;1% to &gt;99% depending on treatment type and physico chemical properties of the compound. Even with high removal rates during confined unit onsite treatment, OWCs are discharged to soil dispersal units at loadings up to 20 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/d, emphasizing the importance of understanding removal mechanisms and efficiencies in onsite treatment systems that discharge to the soil and water environments.</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es0605117","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Conn, K., Barber, L.B., Brown, G., and Siegrist, R., 2006, Occurrence and fate of organic contaminants during onsite wastewater treatment: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 23, p. 7358-7366, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0605117.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"7358","endPage":"7366","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":209735,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0605117"},{"id":236432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6b65e4b0c8380cd74676","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conn, K.E.","contributorId":64433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conn","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, G.K.","contributorId":62362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Siegrist, R.L.","contributorId":54005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegrist","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028650,"text":"70028650 - 2006 - Body mass of lesser scaup during fall and winter in the Mississippi flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028650","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Body mass of lesser scaup during fall and winter in the Mississippi flyway","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1789:BMOLSD]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Vest, J., Kaminski, R., Afton, A., and Vilella, F., 2006, Body mass of lesser scaup during fall and winter in the Mississippi flyway: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 6, p. 1789-1795, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1789:BMOLSD]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"1789","endPage":"1795","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209948,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1789:BMOLSD]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1f4e4b0c8380cd4af0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vest, Josh","contributorId":24240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vest","given":"Josh","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaminski, R.M.","contributorId":53330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminski","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vilella, F. J.","contributorId":82025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vilella","given":"F. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028651,"text":"70028651 - 2006 - The future of imaging spectroscopy - Prospective technologies and applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028651","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The future of imaging spectroscopy - Prospective technologies and applications","docAbstract":"Spectroscopy has existed for more than three centuries now. Nonetheless, significant scientific advances have been achieved. We discuss the history of spectroscopy in relation to emerging technologies and applications. Advanced focal plane arrays, optical design, and intelligent on-board logic are prime prospective technologies. Scalable approaches in pre-processing of imaging spectrometer data will receive additional focus. Finally, we focus on new applications monitoring transitional ecological zones, where human impact and disturbance have highest impact as well as in monitoring changes in our natural resources and environment We conclude that imaging spectroscopy enables mapping of biophysical and biochemical variables of the Earth's surface and atmospheric composition with unprecedented accuracy.","largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","conferenceTitle":"2006 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS","conferenceDate":"31 July 2006 through 4 August 2006","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2006.519","isbn":"0780395107; 9780780395107","usgsCitation":"Schaepman, M., Green, R., Ungar, S., Curtiss, B., Boardman, J., Plaza, A., Gao, B., Ustin, S., Kokaly, R., Miller, J., Jacquemoud, S., Ben-Dor, E., Clark, R., Davis, C., Dozier, J., Goodenough, D., Roberts, D., Swayze, G., Milton, E., and Goetz, A.F., 2006, The future of imaging spectroscopy - Prospective technologies and applications, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Denver, CO, 31 July 2006 through 4 August 2006, p. 2005-2009, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2006.519.","startPage":"2005","endPage":"2009","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477594,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-future-of-imaging-spectroscopy-prospective-technologies-and-a","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209974,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2006.519"},{"id":236749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac33e4b08c986b323339","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaepman, 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,{"id":70028672,"text":"70028672 - 2006 - Prediction and discovery of new geothermal resources in the Great Basin: Multiple evidence of a large undiscovered resource base","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028672","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Prediction and discovery of new geothermal resources in the Great Basin: Multiple evidence of a large undiscovered resource base","docAbstract":"Geothermal potential maps by themselves cannot directly be used to estimate undiscovered resources. To address the undiscovered resource base in the Great Basin, a new and relatively quantitative methodology is presented. The methodology involves three steps, the first being the construction of a data-driven probabilistic model of the location of known geothermal systems using weights of evidence. The second step is the construction of a degree-of-exploration model. This degree-of-exploration model uses expert judgment in a fuzzy logic context to estimate how well each spot in the state has been explored, using as constraints digital maps of the depth to the water table, presence of the carbonate aquifer, and the location, depth, and type of drill-holes. Finally, the exploration model and the data-driven occurrence model are combined together quantitatively using area-weighted modifications to the weights-of-evidence equations. Using this methodology in the state of Nevada, the number of undiscovered geothermal systems with reservoir temperatures ???100??C is estimated at 157, which is 3.2 times greater than the 69 known systems. Currently, nine of the 69 known systems are producing electricity. If it is conservatively assumed that an additional nine for a total of 18 of the known systems will eventually produce electricity, then the model predicts 59 known and undiscovered geothermal systems are capable of producing electricity under current economic conditions in the state, a figure that is more than six times higher than the current number. Many additional geothermal systems could potentially become economic under improved economic conditions or with improved methods of reservoir stimulation (Enhanced Geothermal Systems).This large predicted geothermal resource base appears corroborated by recent grass-roots geothermal discoveries in the state of Nevada. At least two and possibly three newly recognized geothermal systems with estimated reservoir temperatures ???150??C have been identified on the Pyramid Lake Paiute Reservation in west-central Nevada. Evidence of three blind geothermal systems has recently been uncovered near the borate-bearing playas at Rhodes, Teels, and Columbus Marshes in southwestern Nevada. Recent gold exploration drilling has resulted in at least four new geothermal discoveries, including the McGinness Hills geothermal system with an estimated reservoir temperature of roughly 200??C. All of this evidence suggests that the potential for expansion of geothermal power production in Nevada is significant.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"GRC 2006 Annual Meeting: Geothermal Resources-Securing Our Energy Future","conferenceDate":"10 September 2006 through 13 September 2006","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","issn":"01935933","isbn":"1604230010; 9781604230017","usgsCitation":"Coolbaugh, M., Raines, G.L., Zehner, R.E., Shevenell, L., and Williams, C., 2006, Prediction and discovery of new geothermal resources in the Great Basin: Multiple evidence of a large undiscovered resource base, <i>in</i> Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 30 II, San Diego, CA, 10 September 2006 through 13 September 2006, p. 867-873.","startPage":"867","endPage":"873","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30 II","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81e6e4b0c8380cd7b7b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coolbaugh, M.F.","contributorId":55034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coolbaugh","given":"M.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raines, G. 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,{"id":70028667,"text":"70028667 - 2006 - Mapping of Titan: Results from the first Titan radar passes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T16:52:00","indexId":"70028667","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping of Titan: Results from the first Titan radar passes","docAbstract":"<p>The first two swaths collected by Cassini's Titan Radar Mapper were obtained in October of 2004 (Ta) and February of 2005 (T3). The Ta swath provides evidence for cryovolcanic processes, the possible occurrence of fluvial channels and lakes, and some tectonic activity. The T3 swath has extensive areas of dunes and two large impact craters. We interpret the brightness variations in much of the swaths to result from roughness variations caused by fracturing and erosion of Titan's icy surface, with additional contributions from a combination of volume scattering and compositional variations. Despite the small amount of Titan mapped to date, the significant differences between the terrains of the two swaths suggest that Titan is geologically complex. The overall scarcity of impact craters provides evidence that the surface imaged to date is relatively young, with resurfacing by cryovolcanism, fluvial erosion, aeolian erosion, and likely atmospheric deposition of materials. Future radar swaths will help to further define the nature of and extent to which internal and external processes have shaped Titan's surface.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2006.07.015","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Stofan, E.R., Lunine, J., Lopes, R., Paganelli, F., Lorenz, R.D., Wood, C.A., Kirk, R.L., Wall, S., Elachi, C., Soderblom, L.A., Ostro, S., Janssen, M., Radebaugh, J., Wye, L., Zebker, H., Anderson, Y., Allison, M., Boehmer, R., Callahan, P., Encrenaz, P., Flamini, E., Francescetti, G., Gim, Y., Hamilton, G., Hensley, S., Johnson, W., Kelleher, K., Muhleman, D., Picardi, G., Posa, F., Roth, L., Seu, R., Shaffer, S., Stiles, B., Vetrella, S., and West, R., 2006, Mapping of Titan: Results from the first Titan radar passes: Icarus, v. 185, no. 2, p. 443-456, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2006.07.015.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"443","endPage":"456","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"185","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5062e4b0c8380cd6b672","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stofan, E. 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R.","contributorId":26996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":36}]}}
,{"id":70028621,"text":"70028621 - 2006 - Dominance and environmental correlates of alien annual plants in the Mojave Desert, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028621","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dominance and environmental correlates of alien annual plants in the Mojave Desert, USA","docAbstract":"Land managers are concerned about the negative effects of alien annual plants on native plants, threatened and endangered species such as the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), and ecosystem integrity in the Mojave Desert. Management of alien plants is hampered by a lack of information regarding the dominance and environmental correlates of these species. The results of this study indicate that alien plant species comprised a small fraction of the total annual plant flora, but most of the annual plant community biomass. When rainfall was high in 1995, aliens comprised 6% of the flora and 66% of the biomass. When rainfall was low in 1999, aliens comprised 27% of the flora and 91% of the biomass. Bromus rubens, Schismus spp. (S. arabicus and S. barbatus), and Erodium cicutarium were the predominant alien species during both years, comprising 99% of the alien biomass. B. rubens was more abundant in relatively mesic microhabitats beneath shrub canopies and at higher elevations above 800-1000 m, whereas Schismus spp. and E. cicutarium were more abundant in the relatively arid interspaces between shrubs, and, for Schismus spp., at lower elevations as well. Disturbance variables were more reliable indicators of alien dominance than were productivity or native plant diversity variables, although relationships often varied between years of contrasting rainfall. The strongest environmental correlates occurred between dirt road density and alien species richness and biomass of E. cicutarium, and between frequency and size of fires and biomass of B. rubens.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.021","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Brooks, M., and Berry, K., 2006, Dominance and environmental correlates of alien annual plants in the Mojave Desert, USA: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 67, no. SUPPL., p. 100-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.021.","startPage":"100","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209993,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.021"},{"id":236777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03a4e4b0c8380cd505a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, M.L.","contributorId":70322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70179235,"text":"70179235 - 2006 - Infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus disease in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T13:29:29","indexId":"70179235","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus disease in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"EAFP 2005 Copenhagen Histopathology Workshop. Reproductive pathology and early life stages pathology: Notes and images","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Association of Fish Pathologists","isbn":"0-9546666-3-1","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D.G., 2006, Infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus disease in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), <i>in</i> EAFP 2005 Copenhagen Histopathology Workshop. Reproductive pathology and early life stages pathology: Notes and images, CD-ROM.","productDescription":"CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332473,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://eafp.org/histopathology-workshop/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585cf4fae4b01224f329bcb6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bruno, D.W.","contributorId":44319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruno","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656486,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, D.G.","contributorId":58226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656487,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nowak, B.","contributorId":84948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656488,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028673,"text":"70028673 - 2006 - A note on the correlation between geophysical observations and seismicity in the Arava/(Araba) Valley at the southern part of the Dead Sea fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:05:56","indexId":"70028673","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2116,"text":"Israel Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A note on the correlation between geophysical observations and seismicity in the Arava/(Araba) Valley at the southern part of the Dead Sea fault","docAbstract":"The spatial distribution of the earthquakes in the Arava Valley, a 150-km section of the Dead Sea Transform, is compared for the first time with the local subsurface geological features derived from geophysical and geological data. Gravity data suggested that the Gharandal, Timna, and Elat basins were filled by low-density young sediments. These features were confirmed by seismic reflection profiles and high-resolution aeromagnetic (HRAM) survey. The HRAM survey delineated the trace of the Dead Sea Transform (DST), which separates magnetic anomalies in the eastern and western parts of the valley, and revealed the occurrence of the unknown deep magmatics. Overall, the earthquake activity appears to be strongly related to the Dead Sea Transform. However, on a local scale, there is no apparent correlation between the seismicity and the mapped fault segments comprising the DST fault system. Absence of the correlation may be a result of insufficient accuracy of the earthquake localization and/or the inclined fault plane. However, in spite of such inaccuracy, it is clearly observed that the large clusters of the low-magnitude earthquakes coincide well with the sedimentary basins. Two pronounced clusters appear to coincide with the subsurface magmatics. We assume that the subsurface geology predetermines areas of stress accumulation and earthquakes. These areas can be the end of faults, or fault jogs, which sometimes create basins. Magmatism can also be affected by the stress field and predetermine the stress and earthquakes' allocation. ?? 2007 Science From Israel/LPPLtd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Israel Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1560/IJES_55_3_173","issn":"00212164","usgsCitation":"Rybakov, M., Shapira, A., Al-Zoubi, A., ten Brink, U., Hofstetter, R., Kraeva, N., and Feldman, L., 2006, A note on the correlation between geophysical observations and seismicity in the Arava/(Araba) Valley at the southern part of the Dead Sea fault: Israel Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 55, no. 3, p. 173-183, https://doi.org/10.1560/IJES_55_3_173.","startPage":"173","endPage":"183","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209815,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1560/IJES_55_3_173"}],"volume":"55","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4c3e4b0c8380cd468e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rybakov, M.","contributorId":6616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybakov","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shapira, A.","contributorId":103061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapira","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Al-Zoubi, A.","contributorId":76910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Zoubi","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":419177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hofstetter, R.","contributorId":105510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstetter","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kraeva, N.","contributorId":30804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraeva","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Feldman, L.","contributorId":22955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feldman","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028647,"text":"70028647 - 2006 - Body-wave traveltime and amplitude shifts from asymptotic travelling wave coupling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028647","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Body-wave traveltime and amplitude shifts from asymptotic travelling wave coupling","docAbstract":"We explore the sensitivity of finite-frequency body-wave traveltimes and amplitudes to perturbations in 3-D seismic velocity structure relative to a spherically symmetric model. Using the approach of coupled travelling wave theory, we consider the effect of a structural perturbation on an isolated portion of the seismogram. By convolving the spectrum of the differential seismogram with the spectrum of a narrow window taper, and using a Taylor's series expansion for wavenumber as a function of frequency on a mode dispersion branch, we derive semi-analytic expressions for the sensitivity kernels. Far-field effects of wave interactions with the free surface or internal discontinuities are implicitly included, as are wave conversions upon scattering. The kernels may be computed rapidly for the purpose of structural inversions. We give examples of traveltime sensitivity kernels for regional wave propagation at 1 Hz. For the direct SV wave in a simple crustal velocity model, they are generally complicated because of interfering waves generated by interactions with the free surface and the Mohorovic??ic?? discontinuity. A large part of the interference effects may be eliminated by restricting the travelling wave basis set to those waves within a certain range of horizontal phase velocity. ?? Journal compilation ?? 2006 RAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03095.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., 2006, Body-wave traveltime and amplitude shifts from asymptotic travelling wave coupling: Geophysical Journal International, v. 167, no. 2, p. 705-736, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03095.x.","startPage":"705","endPage":"736","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477684,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2006.03095.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209895,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03095.x"},{"id":236640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"167","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1f8e4b0c8380cd4af27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F.","contributorId":66449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028632,"text":"70028632 - 2006 - Methods for pore water extraction from unsaturated zone tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70028632","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Methods for pore water extraction from unsaturated zone tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"Assessing the performance of the proposed high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, requires an understanding of the chemistry of the water that moves through the host rock. The uniaxial compression method used to extract pore water from samples of tuffaceous borehole core was successful only for nonwelded tuff. An ultracentrifugation method was adopted to extract pore water from samples of the densely welded tuff of the proposed repository horizon. Tests were performed using both methods to determine the efficiency of pore water extraction and the potential effects on pore water chemistry. Test results indicate that uniaxial compression is most efficient for extracting pore water from nonwelded tuff, while ultracentrifugation is more successful in extracting pore water from densely welded tuff. Pore water splits collected from a single nonwelded tuff core during uniaxial compression tests have shown changes in pore water chemistry with increasing pressure for calcium, chloride, sulfate, and nitrate. Pore water samples collected from the intermediate pressure ranges should prevent the influence of re-dissolved, evaporative salts and the addition of ion-deficient water from clays and zeolites. Chemistry of pore water splits from welded and nonwelded tuffs using ultracentrifugation indicates that there is no substantial fractionation of solutes.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM","conferenceTitle":"11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","conferenceDate":"30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0894486918; 9780894486913","usgsCitation":"Scofield, K., 2006, Methods for pore water extraction from unsaturated zone tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM, v. 2006, Las Vegas, NV, 30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006, p. 127-135.","startPage":"127","endPage":"135","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2006","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a55c7e4b0c8380cd6d2a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scofield, K.M.","contributorId":51069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scofield","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028576,"text":"70028576 - 2006 - Eruptive history and geochronology of Mount Mazama and the Crater Lake region, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-25T10:21:29","indexId":"70028576","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eruptive history and geochronology of Mount Mazama and the Crater Lake region, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Geologic mapping, K-Ar, and </span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>40</sup></span><span class=\"s1\">Ar/</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>39</sup></span><span class=\"s1\">Ar age determinations, supplemented by paleomagnetic measurements and geochemical data, are used to quantify the Quaternary volcanic history of the Crater Lake region in order to define processes and conditions that led to voluminous explosive eruptions. The Cascade arc volcano known as Mount Mazama collapsed during its climactic eruption of &sim;50 km</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>3</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> of mainly rhyodacitic magma &sim;7700 yr ago to form Crater Lake caldera. The Mazama edifice was constructed on a Pleistocene silicic lava field, amidst monogenetic and shield volcanoes ranging from basalt to andesite similar to parental magmas for Mount Mazama. Between 420 ka and 35 ka, Mazama produced medium-K andesite and dacite in 2:1 proportion. The edifice was built in many episodes; some of the more voluminous occurred approximately coeval with volcanic pulses in the surrounding region, and some were possibly related to deglaciation following marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS) 12, 10, 8, 6, 5.2, and 2. Magmas as evolved as dacite erupted many times, commonly associated with or following voluminous andesite effusion. Establishment of the climactic magma chamber was under way when the first preclimactic rhyodacites vented ca. 27 ka. The silicic melt volume then grew incrementally at an average rate of 2.5 km</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>3</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> k.y.</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>&minus;1</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> for nearly 20 k.y. The climactic eruption exhausted the rhyodacitic magma and brought up crystal-rich andesitic magma, mafic cumulate mush, and wall-rock granodiorite. Postcaldera volcanism produced 4 km</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>3</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> of andesite during the first 200&ndash;500 yr after collapse, followed at ca. 4800 yr B.P. by 0.07 km</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>3</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> of rhyodacite. The average eruption rate for all Mazama products was &sim;0.4 km</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>3</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> k.y.</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>&minus;1</sup></span><span class=\"s1\">, but major edifice construction episodes had rates of &sim;0.8 km</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>3</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> k.y.</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>&minus;1</sup></span><span class=\"s1\">. The long-term eruption rate for regional monogenetic and shield volcanoes was d&sim;0.07 km</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>3</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> k.y.</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>&minus;1</sup></span><span class=\"s1\">, but only &sim;0.02 km</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>3</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> k.y.</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>&minus;1</sup></span><span class=\"s1\"> when the two major shields are excluded. Plutonic xenoliths and evidence for crystallization differentiation imply that the amount of magma intruded beneath Mount Mazama is several times that which has been erupted. The eruptive and intrusive history reflects competition between (1) crystallization driven by degassing and hydrothermal cooling and (2) thermal input from a regional magma flux focused at Mazama. Before ca. 30 ka, relatively small volumes of nonerupted derivative magma crystallized to form a composite pluton because the upper crust had not been heated sufficiently to sustain voluminous convecting crystal-poor melt. Subsequently, and perhaps not coincidentally, during MIS 2, a large volume of eruptible silicic magma accumulated in the climactic chamber, probably because of heating associated with mantle input to the roots of the system as suggested by eruption of unusually primitive magnesian basaltic andesite and tholeiite west of Mazama.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B25906.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Bacon, C.R., and Lanphere, M.A., 2006, Eruptive history and geochronology of Mount Mazama and the Crater Lake region, Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 118, no. 11-12, p. 1331-1359, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25906.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1331","endPage":"1359","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236672,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.5,\n              43.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5,\n              42.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              42.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              43.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5,\n              43.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"118","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a55e4b0c8380cd522ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":418687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":418688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}