{"pageNumber":"2454","pageRowStart":"61325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185097,"records":[{"id":70129668,"text":"70129668 - 2006 - Tsunami: wave of change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T15:03:29","indexId":"70129668","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T15:01:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3355,"text":"Scientific American","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tsunami: wave of change","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Scientific American","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/scientificamerican0106-56","usgsCitation":"Geist, E.L., Titov, V., and Synolakis, C.E., 2006, Tsunami: wave of change: Scientific American, v. 294, p. 56-63, https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0106-56.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"56","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295741,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0106-56"}],"volume":"294","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b6a32e4b03653c63fb1ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":15543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Titov, Vasily V.","contributorId":32463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titov","given":"Vasily V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Synolakis, Costas E.","contributorId":70315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Synolakis","given":"Costas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70248280,"text":"70248280 - 2006 - ADMAP: A Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map of the Antarctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-06T19:45:44.683577","indexId":"70248280","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T14:05:59","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"3.1","title":"ADMAP: A Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map of the Antarctic","docAbstract":"<p><span>For a number of years the multi-national ADMAP working group has been compiling near surface and satellite magnetic data in the region south of 60° S. By the end of 2000, a 5 km grid of magnetic anomalies was produced for the entire region. The map readily portrays the first-order magnetic differences between oceanic and continental regions. The magnetic anomaly pattern over the continent reflects many phases of geological history whilst that over the abyssal plains of the surrounding oceans is dominated mostly by patterns of linear seafloor spreading anomalies and fracture zones. The Antarctic compilation reveals terranes of varying ages, including Proterozoic-Archaean cratons, Proterozoic-Palaeozoic mobile belts, Palaeozoic-Cenozoic magmatic arc systems and other important crustal features. The map delineates intra-continental rifts and major rifts along the Antarctic continental margin, the regional extent of plutons and volcanics, such as the Ferrar dolerites and Kirkpatrick basalts. The magnetic anomaly map of the Antarctic together with other geological and geophysical information provides new perspectives on the break-up of Gondwana and Rodinia evolution.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: Contributions to global earth sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/3-540-32934-X_12","usgsCitation":"Golynsky, A., Chiappini, M., Damaske, D., Ferraccioli, F., Finn, C.A., Ishihara, T., Kim, H.R., Kovacs, L., Masolov, V., Morris, P., and von Frese, R.R., 2006, ADMAP: A Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map of the Antarctic, chap. 3.1 <i>of</i> Antarctica: Contributions to global earth sciences, p. 109-116, https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32934-X_12.","productDescription":"8 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,{"id":70006600,"text":"70006600 - 2006 - Foreword","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T13:56:12","indexId":"70006600","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T13:51:52","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Foreword","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Florida manatee: biology and conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University Press of Florida","publisherLocation":"Gainesville, FL","usgsCitation":"O'Shea, T., 2006, Foreword, chap. <i>of</i> The Florida manatee: biology and conservation, p. ix-xi.","productDescription":"p. ix-xi","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289332,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.6349,24.5211 ], [ -87.6349,31.001 ], [ -80.0311,31.001 ], [ -80.0311,24.5211 ], [ -87.6349,24.5211 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3d866e4b07c5f79a7f335","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Reep, Roger L.","contributorId":112488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reep","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508364,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonde, Robert K. 0000-0001-9179-4376 rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":508363,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006388,"text":"70006388 - 2006 - Ecological and sampling constraints on defining landscape fire severity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-15T07:52:29","indexId":"70006388","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T13:36:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological and sampling constraints on defining landscape fire severity","docAbstract":"<p>Ecological definition and detection of fire severity are influenced by factors of spatial resolution and timing. Resolution determines the aggregation of effects within a sampling unit or pixel (alpha variation), hence limiting the discernible ecological responses, and controlling the spatial patchiness of responses distributed throughout a burn (beta variation). As resolution decreases, alpha variation increases, extracting beta variation and complexity from the spatial model of the whole burn. Seasonal timing impacts the quality of radiometric data in terms of transmittance, sun angle, and potential contrast between responses within burns. Detection sensitivity candegrade toward the end of many fire seasons when low sun angles, vegetation senescence, incomplete burning, hazy conditions, or snow are common. Thus, a need exists to supersede many rapid response applications when remote sensing conditions improve. Lag timing, or timesince fire, notably shapes the ecological character of severity through first-order effects that only emerge with time after fire, including delayed survivorship and mortality. Survivorship diminishes the detected magnitude of severity, as burned vegetation remains viable and resprouts, though at first it may appear completely charred or consumed above ground. Conversely, delayed mortality increases the severity estimate when apparently healthy vegetation is in fact damaged by heat to the extent that it dies over time. Both responses dependon fire behavior and various species-specific adaptations to fire that are unique to the pre-firecomposition of each burned area. Both responses can lead initially to either over- or underestimating severity. Based on such implications, three sampling intervals for short-term burn severity are identified; rapid, initial, and extended assessment, sampled within about two weeks, two months, and depending on the ecotype, from three months to one year after fire, respectively. Spatial and temporal conditions of sampling strategies constrain data quality and ecological information obtained about fire severity. Though commonly overlooked, such considerations determine the objectives and hypotheses that are appropriate for each application, and are especially important when building comparative studies or long-term reference databases on fire severity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Association for Fire Ecology","publisherLocation":"Redlands, CA","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.0202034","usgsCitation":"Key, C., 2006, Ecological and sampling constraints on defining landscape fire severity: Fire Ecology, v. 2, no. 2, p. 178-203, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0202034.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"178","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477349,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0202034","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":262257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":262212,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0202034"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50db129fe4b0612706008514","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Key, C.H.","contributorId":74343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Key","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70129643,"text":"70129643 - 2006 - Revisiting Frazier's subdeltas: enhancing datasets with dimensionality, better to understand geologic systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T13:38:00","indexId":"70129643","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T13:34:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1871,"text":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revisiting Frazier's subdeltas: enhancing datasets with dimensionality, better to understand geologic systems","docAbstract":"<p>Scientific knowledge from the past century is commonly represented by two-dimensional figures and graphs, as presented in manuscripts and maps. Using today's computer technology, this information can be extracted and projected into three- and four-dimensional perspectives. Computer models can be applied to datasets to provide additional insight into complex spatial and temporal systems. This process can be demonstrated by applying digitizing and modeling techniques to valuable information within widely used publications.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The seminal paper by D. Frazier, published in 1967, identified 16 separate delta lobes formed by the Mississippi River during the past 6,000 yrs. The paper includes stratigraphic descriptions through geologic cross-sections, and provides distribution and chronologies of the delta lobes. The data from Frazier's publication are extensively referenced in the literature. Additional information can be extracted from the data through computer modeling.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Digitizing and geo-rectifying Frazier's geologic cross-sections produce a three-dimensional perspective of the delta lobes. Adding the chronological data included in the report provides the fourth-dimension of the delta cycles, which can be visualized through computer-generated animation. Supplemental information can be added to the model, such as post-abandonment subsidence of the delta-lobe surface. Analyzing the regional, net surface-elevation balance between delta progradations and land subsidence is computationally intensive. By visualizing this process during the past 4,500 yrs through multi-dimensional animation, the importance of sediment compaction in influencing both the shape and direction of subsequent delta progradations becomes apparent. Visualization enhances a classic dataset, and can be further refined using additional data, as well as provide a guide for identifying future areas of study.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies","usgsCitation":"Flocks, J., 2006, Revisiting Frazier's subdeltas: enhancing datasets with dimensionality, better to understand geologic systems: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 56, p. 195-203.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295731,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags/data/056/056001/195_gcags560195.htm"}],"volume":"56","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b6a2de4b03653c63fb1de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flocks, James","contributorId":43696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70128539,"text":"70128539 - 2006 - Integration of coral reef ecosystem process studies and remote sensing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-30T15:39:04.46931","indexId":"70128539","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T13:23:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"5","title":"Integration of coral reef ecosystem process studies and remote sensing","docAbstract":"<p>Worldwide, local-scale anthropogenic stress combined with global climate change \nis driving shifts in the state of reef benthic communities from coral-rich to micro- or \nmacroalgal-dominated (Knowlton, 1992; Done, 1999). Such phase shifts in reef \nbenthic communities may be either abrupt or gradual, and case studies from diverse \nocean basins demonstrate that recovery, while uncertain (Hughes, 1994), typically \ninvolves progression through successional stages (Done, 1992). These transitions in \nbenthic community structure involve changes in community metabolism, and \naccordingly, the holistic evaluation of associated biogeochemical variables is of great \nintrinsic value (Done, 1992).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Effective reef management requires advance prediction of coral reef alteration in the face of anthropogenic stress and change in the global environment (Hatcher, 1997a). In practice, this goal requires techniques that can rapidly discern, at an early stage, sublethal effects that may cause long-term increases in mortality (brown, 1988; Grigg and Dollar, 1990). Such methods would improve our understanding of the differences in the population, community, and ecosystem structure, as well as function, between pristine and degraded reefs. This knowledge base could then support scientifically based management strategies (Done, 1992).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Brown (1988) noted the general lack of rigor in the assessment of stress on coral reefs and suggested that more quantitative approaches than currently exist are needed to allow objective understanding of coral reef dynamics. Sensitive techniques for the timely appraisal of pollution effects or generalized endemic stress in coral reefs are sorely lacking (Grigg and Dollar, 1990; Wilkinsin, 1992). Moreover, monitoring methods based on population inventories, sclerochronology, or reproductive biology tend to myopic and may give inconsistent results. Ideally, an improved means of evaluating reef stress would discriminate mortality due to natural causes from morality to anthropogenic causes (Brown, 1988).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Models of coral reef ecosystems, parameterized by process measurements and scaled in time-space using remote sensing, have the potential to address pressing research questions that are central to devising valid management strategies (Grigg el al., 1984; Hatcher, 1997b). To attain this goal, ecosystem-level models that integrate studies of physical and chemical forcing with observed biological and geological responses are required. This interdisciplinary approach to understanding reef biogeochemical dynamics can allow investigations that integrate the scales of time and space (Hatcher, 1997a), thereby enabling prediction of coral reef change (Andréfouët and Payri, 2001). In turn, prediction of holistic ecosystem function within various environmental focusing scenarios has substantial promise in mitigating future disturbance. Indeed, management of coral reefs at the ecosystem level has been suggested as the only meaningful approach to preserving coral reefs (Bohnsack and Ault, 1996; Christensen et al., 1996).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote sensing of aquatic coastal ecosystem processes: Remote sensing and digital image processing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-3968-9_5","usgsCitation":"Brook, J., Yates, K., and Halley, R., 2006, Integration of coral reef ecosystem process studies and remote sensing, chap. 5 <i>of</i> Remote sensing of aquatic coastal ecosystem processes: Remote sensing and digital image processing, v. 9, p. 111-131, https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3968-9_5.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"131","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295167,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.43965404496615,\n              25.263085910057086\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4242807932436,\n              25.203984136562426\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.3727803999727,\n              25.174074654793472\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.39353428979844,\n              25.144157832782327\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.37354906255887,\n              25.133720006369288\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.149100177053,\n              25.515161224510436\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.3243552466906,\n              25.52625984652792\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.32512390927677,\n              25.44785387027872\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.30437001945103,\n              25.37634196479931\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.35433308754958,\n              25.311736568399894\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.43965404496615,\n              25.263085910057086\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5437a3c1e4b08a816ca63666","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brook, John","contributorId":34842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brook","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yates, Kimberly","contributorId":27807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kimberly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halley, Robert","contributorId":79819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046921,"text":"70046921 - 2006 - Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T12:57:48","indexId":"70046921","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T12:41:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012","docAbstract":"This is a GENERALIZED version of the boundaries and codes used for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Study-Unit investigations in the conterminous United States, excluding the High Plains Regional Ground-Water Study.  The data set represents the areas to be studied during the second decade of the NAWQA Program, from 2001-2012 (\"cycle 2\").  The coverage is intended only for drawing ILLUSTRATIONS, NOT for spatial analysis.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046921","usgsCitation":"Hitt, K., 2006, Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012 (1.0), Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046921.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274763,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nawqagencyc2.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.849844,23.254474 ], [ -127.849844,51.553462 ], [ -65.379042,51.553462 ], [ -65.379042,23.254474 ], [ -127.849844,23.254474 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30eae4b0f72b44719c7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046920,"text":"70046920 - 2006 - Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T12:39:56","indexId":"70046920","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T12:33:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001","docAbstract":"This is a GENERALIZED version of the boundaries and codes used for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Study-Unit investigations in the conterminous United States, excluding the High Plains Regional Ground-Water Study.  The data set represents the areas studied during the first decade of the NAWQA Program, from 1991-2001 (\"cycle 1\").  The coverage is intended only for drawing ILLUSTRATIONS, NOT for spatial analysis. The sources of this coverage were the full resolution NAWQA study unit coverage, which is available at http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?nawqacyc1 and the coastline from a 1:2 million county coverage generalized for display at the scale of 1:34 million.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046920","usgsCitation":"Hitt, K., 2006, Generalized boundaries of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046920.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274762,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274761,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nawqagencyc1.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.849768,23.254474 ], [ -127.849768,51.553303 ], [ -65.379115,51.553303 ], [ -65.379115,23.254474 ], [ -127.849768,23.254474 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30eae4b0f72b44719c7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006717,"text":"70006717 - 2006 - Chronic wasting disease infection patterns in female white-tailed deer related to demographics, genetic relationships, and spatial proximity of infected deer in southern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-09T10:13:40","indexId":"70006717","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T12:33:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Chronic wasting disease infection patterns in female white-tailed deer related to demographics, genetic relationships, and spatial proximity of infected deer in southern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal disease of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) caused by transmissible protease resistant prions. Since the discovery of CWD in southern Wisconsin in 2001, more than 20,000 deer have been removed from a &gt;2,500 km2 disease eradication zone surrounding the three initial cases. Nearly all deer removed were tested for CWD infection and sex, age, and harvest location were recorded. Our analysis used data from a 310 kin2 core study area where disease prevalence was higher than surrounding areas. We found no difference in harvest rates between CWD infected and non-infected deer. Ow results show that the probability of infection increased with age and that adult males were more likely to be infected than adult females. Six fawns tested positive for CWD, five fawns from the core study area, including the youngest (5 months) kee-ranging cervid to test positive. The increase in male prevalence with age is nearly twice the increase found in females. We concluded that CWD is not randomly distributed among deer and that differential transmission among sex and age classes is likely driving the observed patterns in disease prevalence. We discuss alternative hypotheses for CWD transmission and spread and, in addition, discuss several possible non-linear relationships between prevalence and age. Understanding CWD transmission in free-ranging cervid populations will be essential to the development of strategies to manage this disease in areas where CWD is found as well as for surveillance strategies in areas where CWD threatens to spread.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","usgsCitation":"Grear, D., 2006, Chronic wasting disease infection patterns in female white-tailed deer related to demographics, genetic relationships, and spatial proximity of infected deer in southern Wisconsin, 81 p.","productDescription":"81 p.","numberOfPages":"81","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70208355,"text":"70208355 - 2006 - Assessing massive flank collapse at stratovolcanoes using 3-D slope stability analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T11:03:24","indexId":"70208355","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T12:03:12","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5768,"text":"NATO Science Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Assessing massive flank collapse at stratovolcanoes using 3-D slope stability analysis","docAbstract":"<p><span>Massive rock failures pose one of the greatest hazards at stratovolcanoes; more than 20,000 fatalities have resulted worldwide from historical volcano edifice collapses. Although numerous processes can destabilize an edifice, gravitational instability is strongly influenced by the interplay of topography, variable potential failure surfaces, and the three-dimensional (3-D) distributions of rock strength and pore-fluid pressure. We have developed a 3-D slope stability analysis that can search digital topography and determine the locations of minimum stability and the volumes of potential failures. We use this 3-D method to conduct preliminary stability analyses of three stratovolcanoes that have had large rock failures: Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier in the USA and Volcan Casita in Nicaragua. For the relatively uniform Mount St. Helens edifice, a 3-D analysis using topography alone provides a good predictor of the location and volume of the catastrophic 1980 collapse. At Mount Rainier, both topography and a 3-D distribution of weaker, hydrothermally altered rocks are needed to adequately characterize future hazard. For Casita, the location of the smaller, yet devastating, 1998 failure is predicted using topography and a reconnaissance interpretation of strength based on the distribution of fumarolic activity.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landslides from Massive Rock Slope Failure","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-4037-5_24","usgsCitation":"Reid, M.E., and Brien, D., 2006, Assessing massive flank collapse at stratovolcanoes using 3-D slope stability analysis, chap. <i>of</i> Landslides from Massive Rock Slope Failure: NATO Science Series, v. 49, p. 445-458, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4037-5_24.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"458","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":372062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reid, Mark E. 0000-0002-5595-1503 mreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1503","contributorId":1167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mark","email":"mreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brien, Dianne dbrien@usgs.gov","contributorId":176271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brien","given":"Dianne","email":"dbrien@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70201096,"text":"70201096 - 2006 - Overview of the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover mission to Gusev Crater: Landing site to Backstay Rock in the Columbia Hills","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T11:57:38","indexId":"70201096","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T11:57:11","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Overview of the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover mission to Gusev Crater: Landing site to Backstay Rock in the Columbia Hills","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spirit landed on the floor of Gusev Crater and conducted initial operations on soil‐covered, rock‐strewn cratered plains underlain by olivine‐bearing basalts. Plains surface rocks are covered by wind‐blown dust and show evidence for surface enrichment of soluble species as vein and void‐filling materials and coatings. The surface enrichment is the result of a minor amount of transport and deposition by aqueous processes. Layered granular deposits were discovered in the Columbia Hills, with outcrops that tend to dip conformably with the topography. The granular rocks are interpreted to be volcanic ash and/or impact ejecta deposits that have been modified by aqueous fluids during and/or after emplacement. Soils consist of basaltic deposits that are weakly cohesive, relatively poorly sorted, and covered by a veneer of wind‐blown dust. The soils have been homogenized by wind transport over at least the several kilometer length scale traversed by the rover. Mobilization of soluble species has occurred within at least two soil deposits examined. The presence of monolayers of coarse sand on wind‐blown bedforms, together with even spacing of granule‐sized surface clasts, suggests that some of the soil surfaces encountered by Spirit have not been modified by wind for some time. On the other hand, dust deposits on the surface and rover deck have changed during the course of the mission. Detection of dust devils, monitoring of the dust opacity and lower boundary layer, and coordinated experiments with orbiters provided new insights into atmosphere‐surface dynamics.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C. ","doi":"10.1029/2005JE002499","usgsCitation":"Arvidson, R., Squyres, S.W., Anderson, R.C., Bell, J.F., Blaney, D., Bruckner, J., Cabrol, N., Calvin, W.M., Carr, M.H., Christensen, P.R., Clark, B.C., Crumpler, L., Des Marais, D.J., De Souza, P., D'Uston, C., Economou, T., Farmer, J., Farrand, W.H., Folkner, W., Golombek, M., Gorevan, S., Grant, J.A., Greeley, R., Grotzinger, J., Guinness, E., Hahn, B., Haskin, L., Herkenhoff, K.E., Hurowitz, J., Hviid, S., Johnson, J.R., Klingelhoefer, G., Knoll, A.H., Landis, G., Leff, C., Lemmon, M., Li, R., Madsen, M., Malin, M., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H., Ming, D.W., Moersch, J., Morris, R., Parker, T., Rice, J.W., Richter, L., Rieder, R., Rodionov, D., Schroder, C., Sims, M., Smith, M., Smith, P., Soderblom, L.A., Sullivan, R., Thompson, S., Tosca, N., Wang, A., Wänke, H., Ward, J., Wdowiak, T., Wolff, M., and Yen, A., 2006, Overview of the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover mission to Gusev Crater: Landing site to Backstay Rock in the Columbia Hills: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 111, no. 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W.","contributorId":96811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":42},{"text":"Moersch, J.","contributorId":66445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moersch","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":43},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":173327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27209,"text":"NASA Johnson Space Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":44},{"text":"Parker, T.","contributorId":90901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":45},{"text":"Rice, J. W. Jr.","contributorId":53040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":46},{"text":"Richter, L.","contributorId":100162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":47},{"text":"Rieder, R.","contributorId":28046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieder","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":48},{"text":"Rodionov, D.S.","contributorId":41950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodionov","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":49},{"text":"Schroder, C.","contributorId":98200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":50},{"text":"Sims, M.","contributorId":52695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sims","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":51},{"text":"Smith, M.","contributorId":32658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":52},{"text":"Smith, P.","contributorId":88519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":53},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X lsoderblom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":2721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"Laurence","email":"lsoderblom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":54},{"text":"Sullivan, R.","contributorId":167408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":55},{"text":"Thompson, S.D.","contributorId":63511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":56},{"text":"Tosca, N.J.","contributorId":17354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tosca","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":57},{"text":"Wang, A.","contributorId":46735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":58},{"text":"Wänke, H.","contributorId":90599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wänke","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":59},{"text":"Ward, J.","contributorId":210864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24730,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":60},{"text":"Wdowiak, T.","contributorId":81287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wdowiak","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":61},{"text":"Wolff, M.","contributorId":19683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":62},{"text":"Yen, A.","contributorId":76054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yen","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":63}]}}
,{"id":70046918,"text":"70046918 - 2006 - National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T12:02:54","indexId":"70046918","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T11:56:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012","docAbstract":"This is a coverage of the boundaries and codes used for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Study-Unit investigations in the conterminous United States, excluding the High Plains Regional Ground-Water Study. The data set represents the areas to be studied during the second cycle of the NAWQA Program, from 2001-2012 (\"cycle 2\").","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046918","usgsCitation":"Hitt, K., and Nakagaki, N., 2006, National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 2001-2012 (1), Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046918.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274757,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nawqacyc2.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.872474,22.877918 ], [ -127.872474,51.601234 ], [ -65.356310,51.601234 ], [ -65.356310,22.877918 ], [ -127.872474,22.877918 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30ede4b0f72b44719ca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nakagaki, N.","contributorId":58420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakagaki","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046917,"text":"70046917 - 2006 - National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T11:53:04","indexId":"70046917","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T11:41:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001","docAbstract":"This is a coverage of the boundaries and codes used for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Study-Unit investigations in the conterminous United States, excluding the High Plains Regional Ground-Water Study. The data set represents the areas studied during the first decade of the NAWQA Program, from 1991-2001 (\"cycle 1\").","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046917","usgsCitation":"Hitt, K., and Nakagaki, N., 2006, National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Study-Unit Investigations in the conterminous United States 1991-2001 (6.1), Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046917.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274754,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nawqacyc1.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.872474,22.877918 ], [ -127.872474,51.601234 ], [ -65.356310,51.601234 ], [ -65.356310,22.877918 ], [ -127.872474,22.877918 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"6.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30ede4b0f72b44719ca3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nakagaki, N.","contributorId":58420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakagaki","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199488,"text":"70199488 - 2006 - Variation in spring nearshore resident fish species composition and life histories in the lower San Joaquin watershed and delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T11:26:19","indexId":"70199488","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T11:25:47","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in spring nearshore resident fish species composition and life histories in the lower San Joaquin watershed and delta","docAbstract":"<p><span>Providing freshwater to human populations while protecting or rehabilitating ecosystem health is a significant challenge to water resource managers and requires accurate knowledge of aquatic resources. Previous studies of fish assemblages in the San Francisco Estuary and watershed have focused on specific habitat types, water bodies, or geographic subregions. In this study, we use seining data from two monitoring programs to provide an integrated view of spring nearshore resident fish species composition and life history characteristics in five regions: the San Joaquin River, the upper Sacramento River, the lower Sacramento River, the northern Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (North Delta), and the Interior Delta. Data for the period March-May from 1994 to 2002, showed that spring species composition of the San Joaquin River was very different from the other four regions. Total catch in the San Joaquin River was dominated by small, short-lived batch spawning alien species (93%), particularly red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis (&gt;75% of total catch). The upper and lower Sacramento River were very similar in species composition and life history characteristics and less dominated by alien fish (&lt;45% of total catch). Ordination of species percentage abundances by non–metric multidimensional scaling confirmed that the major gradient was from assemblages dominated by native species to assemblages dominated by alien species. Two-way analysis of variance of ordination scores indicated that spatial variability was more important than annual variability in explaining patterns in species composition. The potential benefits of San Joaquin River native fish restoration appear high because there is so much potential for improvement; however, it is unclear how to best manipulate the system to achieve such restoration. Addressing such uncertainties is necessary if society desires the reservation and restoration of native biodiversity as human demands on water resources increase.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"California Bay-Delta Authority Science Program, Jon Muir Institute of the Environment","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., and May, J.T., 2006, Variation in spring nearshore resident fish species composition and life histories in the lower San Joaquin watershed and delta: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 4, no. 2, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":357485,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/09j597dn"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Watershed and Delta","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10e014e4b034bf6a7feedd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112 jasonmay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason","email":"jasonmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":745567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199130,"text":"70199130 - 2006 - Heat as a ground water tracer at the Russian River RBF facility, Sonoma County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T10:47:25","indexId":"70199130","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:44:50","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Heat as a ground water tracer at the Russian River RBF facility, Sonoma County, California","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">Temperature is routinely collected as a water quality parameter, but only recently utilized as an environmental tracer of stream exchanges with ground water (Stonestrom and Constantz, 2003). In this paper, water levels and seasonal temperatures were used to estimate streambed hydraulic conductivities and water fluxes. Temperatures and water levels were analyzed from 3 observation wells near the Russian River RBF facility, north of Forestville, Sonoma County, CA. In addition, 9 shallow piezometers were installed in 3 cross-sections across the stream near a pair of collector wells at the RBF facility. Hydraulic conductivities and fluxes were estimated by matching simulated ground-water temperatures to the observed ground-water temperatures with an inverse modeling approach. Using temperature measurements in the shallow piezometers from 0.1 to 1.0 m below the channel, estimates of infiltration indicated a distinct area of streambed clogging near one of the RBF collector wells. For the deeper observation wells, temperature probes were located at depths between 3.5 m to 7.1 m below the channel. Estimated conductivities varied over an order of magnitude, with anisotropies of 5 (horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivity) generally providing the best fit to observed temperatures.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Riverbank filtration hydrology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-3938-6_11","usgsCitation":"Constantz, J., Su, G.W., and Hatch, C., 2006, Heat as a ground water tracer at the Russian River RBF facility, Sonoma County, California, chap. <i>of</i> Riverbank filtration hydrology, p. 243-258, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3938-6_11.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"258","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Sonoma","otherGeospatial":"Russian River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c453e4b0702d0e846141","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Constantz, Jim","contributorId":66338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Su, Grace W.","contributorId":145734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Su","given":"Grace","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":744267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Christine","contributorId":43035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Christine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70199128,"text":"70199128 - 2006 - Eutrophication","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T10:41:31","indexId":"70199128","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:39:48","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Eutrophication","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of earth","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Information Coalition","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., Krantz, T., and Duffy, J., 2006, Eutrophication, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of earth.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":357081,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":" https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Eutrophication"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c453e4b0702d0e846143","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krantz, T.","contributorId":207579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krantz","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duffy, J.E.","contributorId":36743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffy","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70006391,"text":"70006391 - 2006 - Grizzly bear management in Yellowstone National Park: The heart of recovery in the Yellowstone Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-18T10:40:42","indexId":"70006391","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:33:14","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"title":"Grizzly bear management in Yellowstone National Park: The heart of recovery in the Yellowstone Ecosystem","docAbstract":"<p>Grizzly bear (<i>Ursus arctos</i>) management in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) in the past quarter century has resulted in more than doubling of the population from around 200 to more than 500, expansion of range back into habitats where the bear has extirpated more than a century ago, and a move toward removal from the U.S. Endangered Species list. At the center of this success story are the management programs in Yellowstone National Park (YNP). Regulations that restrict human activity, camping, and food storage, elimination of human food and garbage as attractants, and ranger attendance of roadside bears have all resulted in the population of grizzlies in YNP approaching carrying capacity. Recent studies suggest, however, that YNP alone is too small to support the current population, making management beyond the park boundary important and necessary to the demographics of the population as a whole. Demographic analyses suggest a source-sink dynamic exists within the GYE, with YNP and lands outside the park within the Grizzly Bear Recovery Zone (RZ) representing source habitats, whereas lands beyond the RZ constitute sinks. The source-sink demography in the GYE is indicative of carnivore conservation issues worldwide where many national parks or preserves designed to protect out natural resources are inadequate in size or shape to provide all necessary life history requirements for these wide-ranging species. Additionally, wide-ranging behavior and long-distance dispersal seem inherent to large carnivores, so mortality around the edges is virtually inevitable, and conservation in the GYE is inextricably linked to management regimes not only within YNP, but within the GYE as a whole. We discuss those needs here.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife in Shiretoko and Yellowstone National Parks: Lessons in Wildlife Conservation from Two World Heritage Sites","language":"English, Japanese","publisher":"Shiretoko Nature Foundation","publisherLocation":"Hokkaido, Japan","usgsCitation":"Schwartz, C., and Gunther, K., 2006, Grizzly bear management in Yellowstone National Park: The heart of recovery in the Yellowstone Ecosystem, chap. <i>of</i> Wildlife in Shiretoko and Yellowstone National Parks: Lessons in Wildlife Conservation from Two World Heritage Sites, p. 232-238.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"232","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312251,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.shiretoko.or.jp/en/publication/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.09374999999999,\n              43.56447158721811\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.09374999999999,\n              45.01918507438176\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.97338867187499,\n              45.01918507438176\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.97338867187499,\n              43.56447158721811\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.09374999999999,\n              43.56447158721811\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b286efe4b07b8813a554bb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCullough, Dale R.","contributorId":113841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCullough","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508319,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaji, Koichi","contributorId":111440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaji","given":"Koichi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508317,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yamanaka, Masami","contributorId":111731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamanaka","given":"Masami","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508318,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Schwartz, C.C.","contributorId":33658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gunther, K.","contributorId":89841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunther","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199127,"text":"70199127 - 2006 - Sampling and analytical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T10:30:55","indexId":"70199127","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:28:24","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"12","title":"Sampling and analytical methods","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology: A guidebook","language":"English","publisher":"IAEA","publisherLocation":"Vienna","isbn":"92-0-100805-8","usgsCitation":"Busenberg, E., Plummer, L., Cook, P.G., Solomon, D.K., Han, L.F., and Oster, H., 2006, Sampling and analytical methods, chap. 12 <i>of</i> Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology: A guidebook, p. 199-220.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"220","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c453e4b0702d0e846145","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, L.N.","contributorId":206803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plummer","given":"L.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, Peter G.","contributorId":192638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solomon, D. K.","contributorId":98324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solomon","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Han, L. F","contributorId":190101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Han","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Oster, H.","contributorId":207578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oster","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70199126,"text":"70199126 - 2006 - Potential use of other atmospheric gases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T10:25:55","indexId":"70199126","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:24:31","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Potential use of other atmospheric gases","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology: A guidebook","language":"English","publisher":"IAEA","publisherLocation":"Vienna","isbn":"92-0-100805-8","usgsCitation":"Busenberg, E., and Plummer, L., 2006, Potential use of other atmospheric gases, chap. 10 <i>of</i> Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology: A guidebook, p. 183-190.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357076,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c453e4b0702d0e846147","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, L.N.","contributorId":206803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plummer","given":"L.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70242709,"text":"70242709 - 2006 - Geomorphological, depositional, and foraminiferal indicators of late Quaternary tectonic uplift in Iskenderun Bay, Turkey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-13T15:48:26.968614","indexId":"70242709","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:22:45","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geomorphological, depositional, and foraminiferal indicators of late Quaternary tectonic uplift in Iskenderun Bay, Turkey","docAbstract":"<p><span>Iskenderun Bay is a major shallow embayment in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea, where the African and Anatolian Plates converge. This tectonically active basin was investigated for oceanographic, sedimentological, geochemical, and foraminiferal parameters. On the basis of the data acquired, the distribution of living and fossil foraminifera in 284 grab and 54 gravity core samples was determined, the basin floor bathymetry of the bay constructed, radiocarbon ages of sediments and fossils ascertained, and depositional environments reconstructed. It has been discovered that for the last 13.5 k.y., water masses were stratified and sedimentation was discontinuous within the basin, which is characterized by irregular sea bottom morphology. The sedimentation rate was very slow, varying in time and space from 0 to 0.012 cm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. The foraminiferal distributions were spatially varied and discontinuous and indicate a reversal from deep to shallow marine conditions in the cores. These irregularities were attributed to active tectonics in the bay and a major tectonic uplift of the bay since the late Pleistocene.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Postcollisional tectonics and magmatism in the Mediterranean region and Asia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2006.2409(27)","usgsCitation":"Yanko-Hombach, V., Koral, H., Avsar, N., Motnenko, I., and McGann, M., 2006, Geomorphological, depositional, and foraminiferal indicators of late Quaternary tectonic uplift in Iskenderun Bay, Turkey, chap. <i>of</i> Postcollisional tectonics and magmatism in the Mediterranean region and Asia, v. 409, p. 591-614, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.2409(27).","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"614","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Turkey","otherGeospatial":"Iskenderun Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              36.26597496685409,\n              37.0243965329219\n            ],\n            [\n              35.36353563899425,\n              37.0243965329219\n            ],\n            [\n              35.36353563899425,\n              36.224375964614055\n            ],\n            [\n              36.26597496685409,\n              36.224375964614055\n            ],\n            [\n              36.26597496685409,\n              37.0243965329219\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"409","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dilek, Yilderim","contributorId":304146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dilek","given":"Yilderim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869436,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlides, Spyros","contributorId":304147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pavlides","given":"Spyros","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869437,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Yanko-Hombach, Valentina","contributorId":304143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yanko-Hombach","given":"Valentina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koral, H.","contributorId":70955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koral","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Avsar, Niyazi","contributorId":304144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Avsar","given":"Niyazi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Motnenko, Irena","contributorId":304145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Motnenko","given":"Irena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGann, Mary 0000-0002-3057-2945 mmcgann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3057-2945","contributorId":169540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGann","given":"Mary","email":"mmcgann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70242736,"text":"70242736 - 2006 - A field guide to the central, creeping section of the San Andreas fault and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-14T15:29:45.711273","indexId":"70242736","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:21:43","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A field guide to the central, creeping section of the San Andreas fault and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth","docAbstract":"<p>This field trip is along the central section of the San Andreas fault and consists of eight stops that illustrate surface evidence of faulting, in general, and features associated with active fault creep, in particular. Fault creep is slippage along a fault that occurs either in association with small-magnitude earthquakes or without any associated large-magnitude earthquakes. Another aspect of the trip is to highlight where there are multiple fault traces along this section of the San Andreas fault zone in order to gain a better understanding of plate-boundary processes.</p><p>The first stop is along the Calaveras fault, part of the San Andreas fault system, at a location where evidence of active fault creep is abundant and readily accessible. The stops that follow are along the San Andreas fault and at convenient locations to present and discuss rock types juxtaposed across the fault that have been transported tens to hundreds of kilometers by right-lateral motion along the San Andreas fault. Stops 6 and 7 are examples of recent studies of different aspects of the fault: drilling into the fault at the depth of repeating magnitude (M) 2 earthquakes with the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) and the geological, geophysical, and seismological study of M 6 earthquakes near the town of Parkfield.</p><p>Along with the eight official stops on this field trip are 12 “rolling stops”—sites of geologic interest that add to the understanding of features and processes in the creeping section of the fault. Many of the rolling stops are located where stopping is difficult to dangerous; some of these sites are not appropriate for large vehicles (buses) or groups; some sites are not appropriate for people at all. We include photographs of or from many of these sites to add to the reader's experience without adding too many stops or hazards to the trip.</p><p>An extensive set of literature is available for those interested in the San Andreas fault or in the creeping section, in particular. For more scientifically oriented overviews of the fault, see Wallace (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r39\">1990</a>) and Irwin (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r18\">1990</a>); for a more generalized overview with abundant, colorful illustrations, see Collier (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r9\">1999</a>). Although the presence of small sections of the San Andreas fault was known before the great 1906 San Francisco earthquake, it was only after that event and subsequent geologic investigations reported in Lawson (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r41\">1908</a>) that showed the fault as a long structure, extending all the way from east of Los Angeles into northern California. Prentice (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r24\">1999</a>) described the importance of the 1908 “Lawson report” and how it pivotally influenced the understanding of the San Andreas. Hill (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r16\">1981</a>) presented a wonderful introduction to the evolution of thought on the San Andreas. Geologic maps and maps of the most recently active fault trace in the creeping section, or large parts of it, include those by Brown (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r4\">1970</a>), Dibblee (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r10\">1971</a>,<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r11\">1980</a>), and Wagner et al. (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r38\">2002</a>); detailed geologic maps are discussed at various stops in this guide. Various aspects of the creeping section of the San Andreas fault have been the focus of many geologic field trips in the past few decades. Guidebooks for some of those trips include those by Gribi (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r12\">1963a</a>,<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r13\">1963b</a>), Brabb et al. (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r3\">1966</a>), Rogers (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r25\">1969</a>), Bucknam and Haller (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r5\">1989</a>), Harden et al. (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r14\">2001</a>), and Stoffer (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r33\">2005</a>).</p><div class=\"block-child-p\">The creeping section of the San Andreas fault zone lies between areas that experienced large-displacement surface breakage during great earthquakes in 1857 and 1906 (Fig.<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"ch16fig1\">1</a><span>&nbsp;</span>inset). Burford and Harsh (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"ch16r6\">1980</a>) divided the creeping section into three segments: (1) a northwest section where the creep rate increases to the southeast in step-like increments, (2) a central section where the creep rate is relatively constant at a maximum value of ∼30 mm/yr (∼1.2 in/yr), and (3) a southeast section where the creep rate decreases to the southeast (Fig.<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"ch16fig2\">2</a>). The rate of slip along the creeping section of the fault zone has been measured using creepmeters, alignment arrays, and laser distance-measuring devices. The aperture of measurements over which these measurements are made ranges from 10 m (∼33 ft) (creepmeters) to 100 m (∼330 ft) (alignment arrays) to kilometers and tens of kilometers (laser measuring devices). Creepmeter and alignment-array measurements are here termed “near-fault” measurements; laser measurements over distances of 1–2 km (∼0.6–1.2 mi) are termed “intermediate-scale” measurements; laser measurements over tens of kilometers (miles) are termed “broadscale” measurements. Comparisons among near-fault, intermediate-scale, and broadscale measurements and geologic maps show that the northwest part of the creeping section of the fault is composed of two narrow zones of active deformation, one along the San Andreas fault and one along the Calaveras-Paicines fault, whereas the central and southeast sections are both composed of a single relatively narrow zone of deformation. The southeast section is transitional to a locked zone southeast of Cholame; a locked fault is one that slips only in association with a moderate to large earthquake. Throughout the creeping section of the San Andreas fault zone, broadscale measurements generally indicate more deformation than near-fault and intermediate-scale measurements, which are in reasonably close agreement except at Monarch Peak (Mustang Ridge), near the center of the creeping section and our Stop 5 ((Figs.<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"ch16fig1\">1</a>) and<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"ch16fig2\">2</a>).</div><p>Features that we see on this trip include offset street curbs, closed depressions (sag ponds), fault scarps (steep slopes formed by movement along a fault), a split and displaced tree, offset fence lines, fresh fractures, and offset road lines (Fig.<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"ch16fig3\">3</a><span>&nbsp;</span>is a sketch showing some of the landforms that represent deformation by an active fault). We also see evidence of long-term maturity of the San Andreas fault, as indicated by fault features and displaced rock types (Fig.<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"ch16fig4\">4</a>). Finally, we will visit sites of ongoing research into the processes associated with earthquakes and their effects. Discussions include drilling into the San Andreas fault at the SAFOD drill site and the 2004 Parkfield earthquake and its effects and implications.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"1906 San Francisco earthquake centennial field guides: Field trips associated with the 100th Anniversary Conference, 18–23 April 2006, San Francisco, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2006.1906SF(16)","usgsCitation":"Rymer, M.J., Hickman, S.H., and Stoffer, P.W., 2006, A field guide to the central, creeping section of the San Andreas fault and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth, chap. <i>of</i> 1906 San Francisco earthquake centennial field guides: Field trips associated with the 100th Anniversary Conference, 18–23 April 2006, San Francisco, California, p. 237-272, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906SF(16).","productDescription":"36 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,{"id":70242734,"text":"70242734 - 2006 - History and pre-history of earthquakes in wine and redwood country, Sonoma and Mendocino counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-14T15:19:18.407104","indexId":"70242734","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T10:09:43","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"History and pre-history of earthquakes in wine and redwood country, Sonoma and Mendocino counties, California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"1906 San Francisco earthquake centennial field guides: Field trips associated with the 100th Anniversary Conference, 18–23 April 2006, San Francisco, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2006.1906SF(19)","usgsCitation":"Hecker, S., and Kelsey, H., 2006, History and pre-history of earthquakes in wine and redwood country, Sonoma and Mendocino counties, California, chap. <i>of</i> 1906 San Francisco earthquake centennial field guides: Field trips associated with the 100th Anniversary Conference, 18–23 April 2006, San Francisco, California, p. 339-372, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906SF(19).","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"372","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415781,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mendocino County, Sonoma County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.52316098178184,\n              38.02863394955506\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.25574727243192,\n              38.16255654376232\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.34610105665953,\n              39.73065263807993\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.79215847582475,\n              39.64082570631376\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.65042060431429,\n              38.992571586427545\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.97508133417654,\n              38.3252444449721\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.52316098178184,\n              38.02863394955506\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Prentice, Carol S. 0000-0003-3732-3551 cprentice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-3551","contributorId":2676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"Carol","email":"cprentice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869568,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scotchmoor, Judith G.","contributorId":304052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scotchmoor","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869569,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moores, Eldridge M.","contributorId":304053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moores","given":"Eldridge","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869570,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiland, Jon P.","contributorId":304054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kiland","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869571,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Hecker, Suzanne 0000-0002-5054-372X shecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-372X","contributorId":3553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecker","given":"Suzanne","email":"shecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey","contributorId":106978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70121222,"text":"70121222 - 2006 - Possible deep-water gas hydrate accumulations in the Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T09:49:56","indexId":"70121222","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T09:46:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1641,"text":"Fire in the Ice: NETL Methane Hydrate Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible deep-water gas hydrate accumulations in the Bering Sea","docAbstract":"<p>Seismic reflection images from the deep-water Aleutian and Bowers Basins \nof the Bering Sea contain many hundreds of acoustic Velocity-AMPlitude \n(VAMP) anomalies, each of which may represent a large accumulation of \nnatural gas hydrate. Against a backdrop of essentially horizontal sedimentary \nreflections, the VAMP anomalies stand out as both high-amplitude bright \nspots and zones of vertically aligned horizon distortions. The VAMPs are \ninterpreted as natural gas chimneys overlain by concentrated hydrate caps.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fire in the Ice","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Barth, G., Scholl, D.W., and Childs, J.R., 2006, Possible deep-water gas hydrate accumulations in the Bering Sea: Fire in the Ice: NETL Methane Hydrate Newsletter, v. 6, no. 3, p. 10-11.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"11","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292608,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.netl.doe.gov/research/oil-and-gas/methane-hydrates/fire-in-the-ice"}],"otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 170.0,55.0 ], [ 170.0,60.0 ], [ -170.0,60.0 ], [ -170.0,55.0 ], [ 170.0,55.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b658e4b09d12e0e8e706","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barth, Ginger A.","contributorId":32248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barth","given":"Ginger A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scholl, David W. 0000-0001-6500-6962 dscholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-6962","contributorId":3738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"David","email":"dscholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Childs, Jonathan R. jchilds@usgs.gov","contributorId":3155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"Jonathan","email":"jchilds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70242731,"text":"70242731 - 2006 - The San Andreas fault on the San Francisco peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-14T14:48:06.771434","indexId":"70242731","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T09:42:04","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The San Andreas fault on the San Francisco peninsula","docAbstract":"<p><span>This field trip consists of stops in four locations that provide insight into the San Andreas fault along the San Francisco peninsula. The first two stops provide an overview and close-up look at the fault where no urbanization has occurred. The last two stops are examples of areas where urbanization occurred directly over the fault prior to current regulations. The field trip also addresses the history of, and seismic hazard issues related to, an important part of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission's (SFPUC) water-supply system, which is located along the San Andreas fault.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"1906 San Francisco earthquake centennial field guides: Field trips associated with the 100th Anniversary Conference, 18–23 April 2006, San Francisco, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2006.1906SF(13)","usgsCitation":"Prentice, C.S., Bartow, G.W., Hall, N.T., and Liapes, M., 2006, The San Andreas fault on the San Francisco peninsula, chap. <i>of</i> 1906 San Francisco earthquake centennial field guides: Field trips associated with the 100th Anniversary Conference, 18–23 April 2006, San Francisco, California, v. 7, p. 177-192, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906SF(13).","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"192","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415778,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Prentice, Carol S. 0000-0003-3732-3551 cprentice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-3551","contributorId":2676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"Carol","email":"cprentice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869555,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scotchmoor, Judith G.","contributorId":304052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scotchmoor","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869556,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moores, Eldridge M.","contributorId":304053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moores","given":"Eldridge","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869557,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiland, Jon P.","contributorId":304054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kiland","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869558,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Prentice, Carol S. 0000-0003-3732-3551 cprentice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-3551","contributorId":2676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"Carol","email":"cprentice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartow, Greg W.","contributorId":207917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartow","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, N. Timothy","contributorId":78014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liapes, Michele","contributorId":304173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liapes","given":"Michele","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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