We describe a methodology for developing species-habitat models using available fish and stream habitat data from New York State, focusing on the Genesee basin. Electrofishing data from the New York Department of Environmental Conservation were standardized and used for model development and testing. Four types of predictive models (multiple linear regression, stepwise multiple linear regression, linear discriminant analysis, and neural network) were developed and compared for 11 fish species. Predictive models used as many as 25 habitat variables and explained 35-91% of observed species abundance variability. Omission rates were generally low, but commission rates varied widely. Neural network models performed best for all species, except for rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum, and brown trout Salmo trutta. Linear discriminant functions generally performed poorly. The species-environment models we constructed performed well and have potential applications to management issues.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., McDonald, R.R., Castiglione, C., Morrison, S.S., Kowalski, K., and Passino, D.R., 2006, A broadscale fish-habitat model development process: Genesee Basin, New York, chap. of Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages, p. 533-554.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"533","endPage":"554","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321741,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/x54048xm/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e2ae4b07e28b664db75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Richard R. 0000-0002-0703-0638 rmcd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0638","contributorId":2428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","email":"rmcd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castiglione, Chris","contributorId":150899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castiglione","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, Sandy S.","contributorId":169644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"Sandy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Passino, Dora R. May","contributorId":23877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino","given":"Dora","email":"","middleInitial":"R. May","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030344,"text":"70030344 - 2006 - Long-term eruptive activity at a submarine arc volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030344","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term eruptive activity at a submarine arc volcano","docAbstract":"Three-quarters of the Earth's volcanic activity is submarine, located mostly along the mid-ocean ridges, with the remainder along intraoceanic arcs and hotspots at depths varying from greater than 4,000 m to near the sea surface. Most observations and sampling of submarine eruptions have been indirect, made from surface vessels or made after the fact. We describe here direct observations and sampling of an eruption at a submarine arc volcano named NW Rota-1, located 60 km northwest of the island of Rota (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands). We observed a pulsating plume permeated with droplets of molten sulphur disgorging volcanic ash and lapilli from a 15-m diameter pit in March 2004 and again in October 2005 near the summit of the volcano at a water depth of 555 m (depth in 2004). A turbid layer found on the flanks of the volcano (in 2004) at depths from 700 m to more than 1,400 m was probably formed by mass-wasting events related to the eruption. Long-term eruptive activity has produced an unusual chemical environment and a very unstable benthic habitat exploited by only a few mobile decapod species. Such conditions are perhaps distinctive of active arc and hotspot volcanoes. ?? 2006 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04762","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Embley, R., Chadwick, W., Baker, E., Butterfield, D., Resing, J., de Ronde, C.E., Tunnicliffe, V., Lupton, J., Juniper, S., Rubin, K., Stern, R.J., Lebon, G., Nakamura, K., Merle, S., Hein, J., Wiens, D., and Tamura, Y., 2006, Long-term eruptive activity at a submarine arc volcano: Nature, v. 441, no. 7092, p. 494-497, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04762.","startPage":"494","endPage":"497","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211803,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04762"},{"id":239166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"441","issue":"7092","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a498de4b0c8380cd686e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Embley, R.W.","contributorId":28616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embley","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chadwick, W.W. Jr.","contributorId":35876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadwick","given":"W.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, E.T.","contributorId":11584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butterfield, D.A.","contributorId":55638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterfield","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Resing, J.A.","contributorId":70186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Resing","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"de Ronde, Cornel E. J.","contributorId":98109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Ronde","given":"Cornel","email":"","middleInitial":"E. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tunnicliffe, V.","contributorId":58841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tunnicliffe","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lupton, J.E.","contributorId":98716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lupton","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Juniper, S.K.","contributorId":52396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juniper","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rubin, K.H.","contributorId":17041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stern, R. J.","contributorId":8616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lebon, G.T.","contributorId":84155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lebon","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nakamura, K.-I.","contributorId":11407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakamura","given":"K.-I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Merle, S.G.","contributorId":36360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merle","given":"S.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Wiens, D.A.","contributorId":94802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiens","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Tamura, Y.","contributorId":76546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tamura","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70030477,"text":"70030477 - 2006 - Albatross species demonstrate regional differences in North Pacific marine contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030477","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Albatross species demonstrate regional differences in North Pacific marine contamination","docAbstract":"Recent concern about negative effects on human health from elevated organochlorine and mercury concentrations in marine foods has highlighted the need to understand temporal and spatial patterns of marine pollution. Seabirds, long-lived pelagic predators with wide foraging ranges, can be used as indicators of regional contaminant patterns across large temporal and spatial scales. Here we evaluate contaminant levels, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios, and satellite telemetry data from two sympatrically breeding North Pacific albatross species to demonstrate that (1) organochlorine and mercury contaminant levels are significantly higher in the California Current compared to levels in the high-latitude North Pacific and (2) levels of organochlorine contaminants in the North Paci.c are increasing over time. Black-footed Albatrosses (Phoebastria nigripes) had 370-460% higher organochlorine (polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes [DDTs]) and mercury body burdens than a closely related species, the Laysan Albatross (P. immutabilis), primarily due to regional segregation of their North Pacific foraging areas. PCBs (the sum of the individual PCB congeners analyzed) and DDE concentrations in both albatross species were 130-360% higher than concentrations measured a decade ago. Our results demonstrate dramatically high and increasing contaminant concentrations in the eastern North Pacific Ocean, a finding relevant to other marine predators, including humans. ?? 2006 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Finkelstein, M., Keitt, B., Croll, D., Tershy, B., Jarman, W.M., Rodriguez-Pastor, S., Anderson, D., Sievert, P., and Smith, D., 2006, Albatross species demonstrate regional differences in North Pacific marine contamination: Ecological Applications, v. 16, no. 2, p. 678-686.","startPage":"678","endPage":"686","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239068,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e953e4b0c8380cd481e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finkelstein, M.","contributorId":103776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelstein","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keitt, B.S.","contributorId":30440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keitt","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Croll, D.A.","contributorId":28058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croll","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tershy, B.","contributorId":96898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tershy","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jarman, Walter M.","contributorId":21895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarman","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6950,"text":"U CA Santa Cruz Long Marine Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":427281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rodriguez-Pastor, S.","contributorId":99371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez-Pastor","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anderson, D.J.","contributorId":53598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sievert, P.R.","contributorId":104858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sievert","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70031059,"text":"70031059 - 2006 - Trends in the nutrient enrichment of U.S. rivers during the late 20th century and their relation to changes in probable stream trophic conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031059","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Trends in the nutrient enrichment of U.S. rivers during the late 20th century and their relation to changes in probable stream trophic conditions","docAbstract":"We estimated trends in concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) and the related change in the probabilities of trophic conditions from 1975 to 1994 at 250 nationally representative riverine monitoring locations in the U.S. with drainage areas larger than about 1,000 km2. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) declines were detected in TP and TN concentrations at 44% and 37% of the monitoring sites, and significant increases were detected at 3% and 9% of the sites, respectively. We used a statistical model to assess changes in the probable trophic-state classification of the sites after adjusting for climate-related variability in nutrient concentrations. The probabilistic assessment accounts for current knowledge of the trophic response of streams to nutrient enrichment, based on a recently proposed definition of \"eutrophic,\" \"mesotrophic,\" and \"oligotrophic\" conditions in relation to total nutrient concentrations. Based on these trophic definitions, we found that the trophic state improved at 25% of the monitoring sites and worsened at fewer than 5% of the sites; about 70% of the sites were unchanged. Improvements in trophic-state related to declines in TP were more common in predominantly forested and shrub-grassland watersheds, whereas the trophic state of predominantly agricultural sites was unchanged. Despite the declines in TP concentrations at many sites, about 50% of all monitoring sites, and more than 60% of the sites in predominantly agricultural and urban watersheds, were classified as eutrophic in 1994 based on TP concentrations. Contemporaneous reductions in major nutrient sources to streams, related to wastewater treatment upgrades, phosphate detergent bans, and declines in some agricultural sources, may have contributed to the declines in riverine nutrient concentrations and associated improvements in trophic conditions. ?? 2006, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.","largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","language":"English","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Alexander, R.B., and Smith, R.A., 2006, Trends in the nutrient enrichment of U.S. rivers during the late 20th century and their relation to changes in probable stream trophic conditions, in Limnology and Oceanography, v. 51, no. 1 II, p. 639-654.","startPage":"639","endPage":"654","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1 II","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb812e4b08c986b327669","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, R. B.","contributorId":108103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180915,"text":"70180915 - 2006 - The quest for a safe and effective canine distemper virus vaccine for black-footed ferrets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:58:54","indexId":"70180915","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The quest for a safe and effective canine distemper virus vaccine for black-footed ferrets","docAbstract":"Canine distemper virus (CDV) causes a systemic disease that is highly virulent to mustelids and other carnivore (Order Carnivora) species and is found worldwide. Endemic canine distemper in wild and domestic carnivores in the United States has made reintroduction of endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) difficult in the absence of safe and effective CDV vaccines and vaccination practices. Toward this end, researchers have explored appropriate animal models and vaccine preparations in highly susceptible species. Published studies involving domestic ferrets (M. putorius furo) using Galaxy-D® and evaluating a recombinant canarypox-vectored vaccine for oral administration are reviewed. In addition, we present new findings in domestic and black-footed ferrets and Siberian polecats (M. eversmannii) that have extended our understanding of CDV in the black-footed ferret and other at-risk carnivore species. Original research presented here includes trials that determined an effective challenge dose (by route) of virulent CDV in domestic ferrets and Siberian polecats; the low likelihood of collateral vaccination with Galaxy-D; the adverse effect of modified-live virus boostering in black-footed ferrets receiving killed vaccine previously and the response of Siberian polecats receiving canarypoxvectored recombinant CDV vaccine (reCDV); the absence of an effect of reCDV vaccination on conception, pregnancy, and neonatal growth in Siberian polecats; and the apparent inefficacy of active reCDV vaccination during the period of passive immunity in young Siberian polecats. In the final section, we discuss emerging concerns and avenues for disease intervention that may present new opportunities to solve problems in vaccine safety, vaccine availability, field vaccine delivery, and other therapeutic modalities.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Wimsatt, J., Biggins, D.E., Williams, E., and Becerra, V.M., 2006, The quest for a safe and effective canine distemper virus vaccine for black-footed ferrets, in Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 248-266.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"266","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334908,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=259","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d251","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wimsatt, Jeffrey","contributorId":173421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wimsatt","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Elizabeth S.","contributorId":179120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Elizabeth S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Becerra, Victor M.","contributorId":179121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becerra","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171133,"text":"70171133 - 2006 - Protective immunity and lack of histopathological damage two years after DNA vaccination against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-01T14:28:08","indexId":"70171133","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3673,"text":"Vaccine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Protective immunity and lack of histopathological damage two years after DNA vaccination against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in trout","docAbstract":"The DNA vaccine pIHNw-G encodes the glycoprotein of the fish rhabdovirus infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). Vaccine performance in rainbow trout was measured 3, 6, 13, 24, and 25 months after vaccination. At three months all fish vaccinated with 0.1 μg pIHNw-G had detectable neutralizing antibody (NAb) and they were completely protected from lethal IHNV challenge with a relative percent survival (RPS) of 100% compared to control fish. Viral challenges at 6, 13, 24, and 25 months post-vaccination showed protection with RPS values of 47–69%, while NAb seroprevalence declined to undetectable levels. Passive transfer experiments with sera from fish after two years post-vaccination were inconsistent but significant protection was observed in some cases. The long-term duration of protection observed here defined a third temporal phase in the immune response to IHNV DNA vaccination, characterized by reduced but significant levels of protection, and decline or absence of detectable NAb titers. Examination of multiple tissues showed an absence of detectable long-term histopathological damage due to DNA vaccination.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.068","usgsCitation":"Kurath, G., Garver, K.A., Corbeil, S., Elliott, D.G., Anderson, E., and LaPatra, S.E., 2006, Protective immunity and lack of histopathological damage two years after DNA vaccination against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in trout: Vaccine, v. 24, no. 3, p. 345-354, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.068.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"345","endPage":"354","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d6628e4b07e28b6684c31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garver, Kyle A.","contributorId":77816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corbeil, Serge","contributorId":168480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corbeil","given":"Serge","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25304,"text":"CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong Victoria, 3220, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Eric D.","contributorId":213888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric D.","affiliations":[{"id":38922,"text":"Maine BioTek Inc., Winterport, ME 04496, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":758618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaPatra, Scott E.","contributorId":67392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPatra","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030360,"text":"70030360 - 2006 - Rare earths, the lanthanides, yttrium and scandium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030360","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare earths, the lanthanides, yttrium and scandium","docAbstract":"In 2005, rare earths were not mined in the United States. The major supplier, Molycorp, continued to maintain a large stockpile of rare-earth concentrates and compounds. Consumption decreased of refined rare-earth products. The United States remained a major importer and exporter of rare earths in 2005. During the same period, yttrium was not mined or refined in the US. Hence, supply of yttrium compounds for refined yttrium products came from China, France and Japan. Scandium was not also mined. World production was primarily in China, Russia and Ukraine. Demand for rare earths in 2006 is expected to be closely tied to economic conditions in the US.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00265187","usgsCitation":"Hedrick, J., 2006, Rare earths, the lanthanides, yttrium and scandium: Mining Engineering, v. 58, no. 6, p. 51-53.","startPage":"51","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9523e4b0c8380cd81822","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedrick, J.B.","contributorId":96717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedrick","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70030248,"text":"70030248 - 2006 - Groundwater-supported evapotranspiration within glaciated watersheds under conditions of climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030248","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Groundwater-supported evapotranspiration within glaciated watersheds under conditions of climate change","docAbstract":"This paper analyzes the effects of geology and geomorphology on surface-water/-groundwater interactions, evapotranspiration, and recharge under conditions of long-term climatic change. Our analysis uses hydrologic data from the glaciated Crow Wing watershed in central Minnesota, USA, combined with a hydrologic model of transient coupled unsaturated/saturated flow (HYDRAT2D). Analysis of historical water-table (1970-1993) and lake-level (1924-2002) records indicates that larger amplitude and longer period fluctuations occur within the upland portions of watersheds due to the response of the aquifer system to relatively short-term climatic fluctuations. Under drought conditions, lake and water-table levels fell by as much as 2-4 m in the uplands but by 1 m in the lowlands. The same pattern can be seen on millennial time scales. Analysis of Holocene lake-core records indicates that Moody Lake, located near the outlet of the Crow Wing watershed, fell by as much as 4 m between about 4400 and 7000 yr BP. During the same time, water levels in Lake Mina, located near the upland watershed divide, fell by about 15 m. Reconstructed Holocene climate as represented by HYDRAT2D gives somewhat larger drops (6 and 24 m for Moody Lake and Lake Mina, respectively). The discrepancy is probably due to the effect of three-dimensional flow. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to study how aquifer hydraulic conductivity and land-surface topography can influence water-table fluctuations, wetlands formation, and evapotranspiration. The models were run by recycling a wet year (1985, 87 cm annual precipitation) over a 10-year period followed by 20 years of drier and warmer climate (1976, 38 cm precipitation). Model results indicated that groundwater-supported evapotranspiration accounted for as much as 12% (10 cm) of evapotranspiration. The aquifers of highest hydraulic conductivity had the least amount of groundwater-supported evapotranspiration owing to a deep water table. Recharge was even more sensitive to aquifer hydraulic conductivity, especially in the lowland regions. These findings have important implications for paleoclimatic studies, because the hydrologic response of a surface-water body will vary across the watershed to a given climate signal. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.051","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Cohen, D., Person, M., Daannen, R., Locke, S., Dahlstrom, D., Zabielski, V., Winter, T.C., Rosenberry, D., Wright, H., Ito, E., Nieber, J., and Gutowski, W., 2006, Groundwater-supported evapotranspiration within glaciated watersheds under conditions of climate change, in Journal of Hydrology, v. 320, no. 3-4, p. 484-500, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.051.","startPage":"484","endPage":"500","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487635,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ge_at_pubs/92","text":"External Repository"},{"id":211854,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.051"},{"id":239225,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dd1e4b0c8380cd5c051","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohen, D.","contributorId":108299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Person, M.","contributorId":20876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daannen, R.","contributorId":85398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daannen","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Locke, S.","contributorId":79291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dahlstrom, D.","contributorId":55207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dahlstrom","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zabielski, V.","contributorId":84156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zabielski","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":426292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wright, H.","contributorId":7083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ito, E.","contributorId":24956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ito","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nieber, J.L.","contributorId":47942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nieber","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Gutowski, W.J. Jr.","contributorId":48344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutowski","given":"W.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70030533,"text":"70030533 - 2006 - Comment on \"Thermal and visual time-series at a seafloor gas hydrate deposit on the Gulf of Mexico slope,\" by I.R. MacDonald, L.C. Bender, M. Vardaro, B. Bernard, and J.M. Brooks[Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 233 (2005) 49-59]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T12:28:54","indexId":"70030533","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on \"Thermal and visual time-series at a seafloor gas hydrate deposit on the Gulf of Mexico slope,\" by I.R. MacDonald, L.C. Bender, M. Vardaro, B. Bernard, and J.M. Brooks[Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 233 (2005) 49-59]","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.062","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Ruppel, C., and Kirby, S.H., 2006, Comment on \"Thermal and visual time-series at a seafloor gas hydrate deposit on the Gulf of Mexico slope,\" by I.R. MacDonald, L.C. Bender, M. Vardaro, B. Bernard, and J.M. Brooks[Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 233 (2005) 49-59]: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 245, no. 1-2, p. 481-482, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.062.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"481","endPage":"482","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"245","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7e9e4b0c8380cd4cd91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, W.F.","contributorId":40329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruppel, C.D.","contributorId":64839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030347,"text":"70030347 - 2006 - Diversity, composition, and geographical distribution of microbial communities in California salt marsh sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T15:51:44","indexId":"70030347","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diversity, composition, and geographical distribution of microbial communities in California salt marsh sediments","docAbstract":"The Pacific Estuarine Ecosystem Indicators Research Consortium seeks to develop bioindicators of toxicant-induced stress and bioavailability for wetland biota. Within this framework, the effects of environmental and pollutant variables on microbial communities were studied at different spatial scales over a 2-year period. Six salt marshes along the California coastline were characterized using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis. Additionally, 27 metals, six currently used pesticides, total polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chlordanes, nonachlors, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene were analyzed. Sampling was performed over large (between salt marshes), medium (stations within a marsh), and small (different channel depths) spatial scales. Regression and ordination analysis suggested that the spatial variation in microbial communities exceeded the variation attributable to pollutants. PLFA analysis and TRFLP canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) explained 74 and 43% of the variation, respectively, and both methods attributed 34% of the variation to tidal cycles, marsh, year, and latitude. After accounting for spatial variation using partial CCA, we found that metals had a greater effect on microbial community composition than organic pollutants had. Organic carbon and nitrogen contents were positively correlated with PLFA biomass, whereas total metal concentrations were positively correlated with biomass and diversity. Higher concentrations of heavy metals were negatively correlated with branched PLFAs and positively correlated with methyl- and cyclo-substituted PLFAs. The strong relationships observed between pollutant concentrations and some of the microbial indicators indicated the potential for using microbial community analyses in assessments of the ecosystem health of salt marshes. Copyright ?? 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1128/AEM.72.5.3357-3366.2006","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Cordova-Kreylos, A.L., Cao, Y., Green, P., Hwang, H., Kuivila, K., LaMontagne, M., Van De Werfhorst, L., Holden, P., and Scow, K., 2006, Diversity, composition, and geographical distribution of microbial communities in California salt marsh sediments: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 72, no. 5, p. 3357-3366, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.5.3357-3366.2006.","startPage":"3357","endPage":"3366","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477553,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.5.3357-3366.2006","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211859,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.5.3357-3366.2006"}],"volume":"72","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0352e4b0c8380cd50426","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordova-Kreylos, A. L.","contributorId":11408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordova-Kreylos","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cao, Y.","contributorId":29991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cao","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, P.G.","contributorId":87348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hwang, H.-M.","contributorId":78150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hwang","given":"H.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuivila, K.M.","contributorId":34529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaMontagne, M.G.","contributorId":42033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMontagne","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Van De Werfhorst, L. C.","contributorId":35540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van De Werfhorst","given":"L. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Holden, P.A.","contributorId":65667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holden","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Scow, K.M.","contributorId":44735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scow","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70030519,"text":"70030519 - 2006 - Exact three-dimensional spectral solution to surface-groundwater interactions with arbitrary surface topography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:15:43","indexId":"70030519","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exact three-dimensional spectral solution to surface-groundwater interactions with arbitrary surface topography","docAbstract":"It has been long known that land surface topography governs both groundwater flow patterns at the regional‐to‐continental scale and on smaller scales such as in the hyporheic zone of streams. Here we show that the surface topography can be separated in a Fourier‐series spectrum that provides an exact solution of the underlying three‐dimensional groundwater flows. The new spectral solution offers a practical tool for fast calculation of subsurface flows in different hydrological applications and provides a theoretical platform for advancing conceptual understanding of the effect of landscape topography on subsurface flows. We also show how the spectrum of surface topography influences the residence time distribution for subsurface flows. The study indicates that the subsurface head variation decays exponentially with depth faster than it would with equivalent two‐dimensional features, resulting in a shallower flow interaction.
Traditional fecal coliform bacterial indicators have been found to be severely limited in determining the significance and sources of fecal contamination in ambient waters of tropical and subtropical regions. The bacteriophages that infectBacteroides fragilis have been suggested as better fecal indicators and at least one type may be human specific. In this study, the phages that infectB. fragilis host RYC2056 (RYC), including phage B56-3, and host ATCC 51477-HSP40 (HSP), including the human specific phage B40-8, were evaluated in the drainage basins of Tampa Bay, 7 samples (n=62), or 11%, tested positive for the presence of phages infecting the host HSP, whereas 28 samples, or 45%, tested positive using the host RYC. A survival study was also done to compare the persistence of phages B56-3 and B40-8 to MS2 coliphage in seawater at various temperatures. The decay rates for MS2 were 0.239 log10 d−1 at 10°C, but increased to 0.896 at 20°C and 2.62 log10 d−1 at 30°C. The twoB. fragilis phages persisted much longer in the seawater compared to the coliphage and showed little variation between the temperatures. All sewage influents sampled from area wastewater treatment plants contained phages that infected the twoB. fragilis hosts at levels from 1.2×104 to 1.11×105 pfu 100 ml−1 for host RYC and 67 to 350 pfu 100 ml−1 for host HSP. Of the 7 chlorinated effluent samples tested, 3 were positive for the presence of the phage using the host RYC and the phage enrichment method, with levels estimated to be <10 pfu 100 ml−1. No phages were detected using the host HSP in the treated sewage effluent. Coliphages were found in 3 of the 7 effluent samples at a range of 30 to 1.2×103 pfu 100 ml−1.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02781993","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"McLaughlin, M., and Rose, J., 2006, Application of Bacteroides fragilis phage as an alternative indicator of sewage pollution in Tampa Bay, Florida: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 29, no. 2, p. 246-256, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02781993.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"246","endPage":"256","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385651,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.76962280273436,\n 27.62149006586649\n ],\n [\n -82.35763549804688,\n 27.62149006586649\n ],\n [\n -82.35763549804688,\n 28.050166892603695\n ],\n [\n -82.76962280273436,\n 28.050166892603695\n ],\n [\n -82.76962280273436,\n 27.62149006586649\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec85e4b0c8380cd492fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaughlin, M.R.","contributorId":50334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, J.B.","contributorId":60825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171292,"text":"70171292 - 2006 - Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T11:19:04","indexId":"70171292","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"48","subseriesTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposia","title":"Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods","docAbstract":"As a part of the Great Lakes Regional Aquatic Gap Analysis Project, we evaluated methodologies for modeling associations between fish species and habitat characteristics at a landscape scale. To do this, we created brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis presence and absence models based on four different techniques: multiple linear regression, logistic regression, neural networks, and classification trees. The models were tested in two ways: by application to an independent validation database and cross-validation using the training data, and by visual comparison of statewide distribution maps with historically recorded occurrences from the Michigan Fish Atlas. Although differences in the accuracy of our models were slight, the logistic regression model predicted with the least error, followed by multiple regression, then classification trees, then the neural networks. These models will provide natural resource managers a way to identify habitats requiring protection for the conservation of fish species.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Steen, P.J., Passino-Reader, D.R., and Wiley, M., 2006, Modeling brook trout presence and absence from landscape variables using four different analytical methods, chap. of Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages, p. 513-531.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"531","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321739,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321743,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/x54048xm/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e38e4b07e28b664dbdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steen, Paul J.","contributorId":12342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steen","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Passino-Reader, Dora R.","contributorId":50839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino-Reader","given":"Dora","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiley, Michael J.","contributorId":30112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171134,"text":"70171134 - 2006 - Immunogenicity and efficacy of three recombinant subunit Pasteurella multocida toxin vaccines against progressive atrophic rhinitis in pigs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T15:09:03","indexId":"70171134","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3673,"text":"Vaccine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Immunogenicity and efficacy of three recombinant subunit Pasteurella multocida toxin vaccines against progressive atrophic rhinitis in pigs","docAbstract":"Three short fragments of recombinant subunit Pasteurella multocida toxin (rsPMT) were constructed for evaluation as candidate vaccines against progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR) of swine. PMT-specific antibody secreting cells and evidence of cellular immunity were detected in rsPMT-immunized pigs following authentic PMT challenge or homologous antigen booster. Piglets immunized with rsPMT fragments containing either the N-terminal or the C-terminal portions of PMT developed high titers of neutralizing antibodies. Pregnant sows immunized with rsPMT had higher levels of maternal antibodies in their colostrum than did those immunized with a conventional PAR-toxoid vaccine. Offspring from rsPMT vaccinated sows had better survival after challenge with a five-fold lethal dose of authentic PMT and had better growth performance after challenge with a sublethal dose of toxin. Our findings indicate these non-toxic rsPMT proteins are attractive candidates for development of a subunit vaccine against PAR in pigs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.079","usgsCitation":"Liao, C., Huang, C., Hsuan, S., Chen, Z., Lee, W., Liu, C., Winton, J.R., and Chien, M., 2006, Immunogenicity and efficacy of three recombinant subunit Pasteurella multocida toxin vaccines against progressive atrophic rhinitis in pigs: Vaccine, v. 24, no. 1, p. 27-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.079.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321516,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d659de4b07e28b6684572","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liao, Chih-Ming","contributorId":169566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liao","given":"Chih-Ming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huang, Chienjin","contributorId":169567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Chienjin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hsuan, Shih-Ling","contributorId":169568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hsuan","given":"Shih-Ling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Zeng-Weng","contributorId":169569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Zeng-Weng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, Wei-Cheng","contributorId":169570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Wei-Cheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, Cheng-I","contributorId":169571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Cheng-I","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chien, Maw-Sheng","contributorId":169572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chien","given":"Maw-Sheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70030365,"text":"70030365 - 2006 - Scale effects of hydrostratigraphy and recharge zonation on base flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70030365","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scale effects of hydrostratigraphy and recharge zonation on base flow","docAbstract":"Uncertainty regarding spatial variations of model parameters often results in the simplifying assumption that parameters are spatially uniform. However, spatial variability may be important in resource assessment and model calibration. In this paper, a methodology is presented for estimating a critical basin size, above which base flows appear to be relatively less sensitive to the spatial distribution of recharge and hydraulic conductivity, and below which base flows are relatively more sensitive to this spatial variability. Application of the method is illustrated for a watershed that exhibits distinct infiltration patterns and hydrostratigraphic layering. A ground water flow model (MODFLOW) and a parameter estimation code (UCODE) were used to evaluate the influence of recharge zonation and hydrostratigraphic layering on base flow distribution. Optimization after removing spatial recharge variability from the calibrated model altered base flow simulations up to 53% in watersheds smaller than 40 km2. Merging six hydrostratigraphic units into one unit with average properties increased base flow residuals up to 83% in basins smaller than 50 km2. Base flow residuals changed <5% in watersheds larger than 40 and 50 km2 when recharge and hydrostratigraphy were simplified, respectively; thus, the critical basin size for the example area is ???40 to 50 km2. Once identified for an area, a critical basin size could be used to guide the scale of future investigations. By ensuring that parameter discretization needed to capture base flow distribution is commensurate with the scope of the investigation, uncertainty caused by overextending uniform parameterization or by estimating extra parameter values is reduced. ?? 2006 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00136.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Juckem, P., Hunt, R.J., and Anderson, M.P., 2006, Scale effects of hydrostratigraphy and recharge zonation on base flow: Ground Water, v. 44, no. 3, p. 362-370, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00136.x.","startPage":"362","endPage":"370","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212121,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00136.x"},{"id":239547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8709e4b08c986b316282","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juckem, P. F.","contributorId":24819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"P. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, R. J.","contributorId":40164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Marilyn P.","contributorId":102970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171290,"text":"70171290 - 2006 - Coastal groundwater/surface-water interactions: a Great Lakes case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T11:09:42","indexId":"70171290","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"22","title":"Coastal groundwater/surface-water interactions: a Great Lakes case study","docAbstract":"Key similarities exist between marine and Great Lakes coastal environments. Water and nutrient fluxes across lakebeds in the Great Lakes are influenced by seiche and wind set-up and set-down, analogous to tidal influence in marine settings. Groundwater/surface-water interactions also commonly involve a saline-fresh water interface, although in the Great-Lakes cases, it is groundwater that is commonly saline and surface water that is fresh. Evapotranspiration also affects nearshore hydrology in both settings. Interactions between groundwater and surface water have recently been identified as an important component of ecological processes in the Great Lakes. Water withdrawals and the reversal of the groundwater/surface water seepage gradient are also common to many coastal areas around the Great Lakes. As compared to surface water, regional groundwater that discharges to western Lake Erie from Michigan is highly mineralized. Studies conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey at Erie State Game Area in southeastern Michigan, describe groundwater flow dynamics and chemistry, shallow lake-water chemistry, and fish and invertebrate communities. Results presented here provide an overview of recent progress of ongoing interdisciplinary studies of Great Lakes nearshore systems and describe a conceptual model that identifies relations among geologic, hydrologic, chemical, and biological processes in the coastal habitats of Lake Erie. This conceptual model is based on analysis of hydraulic head in piezometers at the study site and chemical analysis of deep and shallow coastal groundwater.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal hydrology and processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Water Resources Publications","usgsCitation":"Neff, B., Haack, S.K., Rosenberry, D.O., Savino, J.F., and Lundstrom, S.C., 2006, Coastal groundwater/surface-water interactions: a Great Lakes case study, chap. 22 of Coastal hydrology and processes, p. 289-295.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"295","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321736,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":321735,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wrpllc.com/books/chp.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e2de4b07e28b664db8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neff, Brian P.","contributorId":27548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neff","given":"Brian P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savino, Jacqueline F. jsavino@usgs.gov","contributorId":2213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savino","given":"Jacqueline","email":"jsavino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lundstrom, Scott C. 0000-0003-4149-2219 sclundst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-2219","contributorId":2446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"Scott","email":"sclundst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030463,"text":"70030463 - 2006 - Explicit use of the Biot coefficient in predicting shear-wave velocity of water-saturated sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030463","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1806,"text":"Geophysical Prospecting","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Explicit use of the Biot coefficient in predicting shear-wave velocity of water-saturated sediments","docAbstract":"Predicting the shear-wave (S-wave) velocity is important in seismic modelling, amplitude analysis with offset, and other exploration and engineering applications. Under the low-frequency approximation, the classical Biot-Gassmann theory relates the Biot coefficient to the bulk modulus of water-saturated sediments. If the Biot coefficient under in situ conditions can be estimated, the shear modulus or the S-wave velocity can be calculated. The Biot coefficient derived from the compressional-wave (P-wave) velocity of water-saturated sediments often differs from and is less than that estimated from the S-wave velocity, owing to the interactions between the pore fluid and the grain contacts. By correcting the Biot coefficients derived from P-wave velocities of water-saturated sediments measured at various differential pressures, an accurate method of predicting S-wave velocities is proposed. Numerical results indicate that the predicted S-wave velocities for consolidated and unconsolidated sediments agreewell with measured velocities. ?? 2006 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Prospecting","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2478.2006.00524.x","issn":"00168025","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., 2006, Explicit use of the Biot coefficient in predicting shear-wave velocity of water-saturated sediments: Geophysical Prospecting, v. 54, no. 2, p. 177-185, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.2006.00524.x.","startPage":"177","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212009,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.2006.00524.x"},{"id":239412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e06e4b0c8380cd5328b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung W.","contributorId":84358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70030465,"text":"70030465 - 2006 - Scattered surface wave energy in the seismic coda","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T13:17:11","indexId":"70030465","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scattered surface wave energy in the seismic coda","docAbstract":"One of the many important contributions that Aki has made to seismology pertains to the origin of coda waves (Aki, 1969; Aki and Chouet, 1975). In this paper, I revisit Aki's original idea of the role of scattered surface waves in the seismic coda. Based on the radiative transfer theory, I developed a new set of scattered wave energy equations by including scattered surface waves and body wave to surface wave scattering conversions. The work is an extended study of Zeng et al. (1991), Zeng (1993) and Sato (1994a) on multiple isotropic-scattering, and may shed new insight into the seismic coda wave interpretation. The scattering equations are solved numerically by first discretizing the model at regular grids and then solving the linear integral equations iteratively. The results show that scattered wave energy can be well approximated by body-wave to body wave scattering at earlier arrival times and short distances. At long distances from the source, scattered surface waves dominate scattered body waves at surface stations. Since surface waves are 2-D propagating waves, their scattered energies should in theory follow a common decay curve. The observed common decay trends on seismic coda of local earthquake recordings particular at long lapse times suggest that perhaps later seismic codas are dominated by scattered surface waves. When efficient body wave to surface wave conversion mechanisms are present in the shallow crustal layers, such as soft sediment layers, the scattered surface waves dominate the seismic coda at even early arrival times for shallow sources and at later arrival times for deeper events.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00024-005-0025-7","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Zeng, Y., 2006, Scattered surface wave energy in the seismic coda: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 163, no. 2-3, p. 533-548, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-005-0025-7.","startPage":"533","endPage":"548","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212011,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-005-0025-7"},{"id":239414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"163","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8730e4b08c986b316373","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zeng, Y.","contributorId":23759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70030529,"text":"70030529 - 2006 - Sensitivity of two salamander (Ambystoma) species to ultraviolet radiation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-03T16:21:07","indexId":"70030529","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity of two salamander (Ambystoma) species to ultraviolet radiation","docAbstract":"Increased ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching the Earth's surface has been implicated in amphibian declines. Recent studies have shown that many amphibian species have differences in sensitivity depending on developmental stage. Embryos and larvae of Ambystoma maculatum (Spotted Salamander) and larvae of Ambystoma talpoideum (Mole Salamander) were exposed to five simulated UV-B treatments in controlled laboratory experiments to determine the relative sensitivity of different lifestages. Hatching success of the embryos exceeded 95% in all treatments; however, the larvae of both species exhibited greater sensitivity to UV-B exposure. Older larvae of A. maculatum that were not exposed to UV-B as embryos were more sensitive than larvae that had hatched during exposure to UV-B. Growth of surviving larvae of A. maculatum was significantly reduced as UV-B intensity increased, whereas growth of A. talpoideum was unaffected. These results were compared to ambient UV-B conditions in natural environments. It appears that the embryo stage is relatively unaffected by UV-B levels observed in natural habitats, probably because of protection from vegetation, organic matter in the water column, oviposition depth, and egg jelly. The larval stage of these species may be at greater risk, particularly if there is an increase in UV-B radiation exposure caused by increases in water clarity and/or decreases in dissolved organic carbon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1670/99-05A.1","issn":"00221511","usgsCitation":"Calfee, R., Bridges, C., and Little, E.E., 2006, Sensitivity of two salamander (Ambystoma) species to ultraviolet radiation: Journal of Herpetology, v. 40, no. 1, p. 35-42, https://doi.org/10.1670/99-05A.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211929,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1670/99-05A.1"},{"id":239313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d37e4b08c986b3182e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calfee, R.D.","contributorId":85130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calfee","given":"R.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bridges, C.M.","contributorId":104652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Little, E. E.","contributorId":13187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030304,"text":"70030304 - 2006 - Measuring groundwater-surface water interaction and its effect on wetland stream benthic productivity, Trout Lake watershed, northern Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030304","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Measuring groundwater-surface water interaction and its effect on wetland stream benthic productivity, Trout Lake watershed, northern Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"Measurements of groundwater-surface water exchange at three wetland stream sites were related to patterns in benthic productivity as part of the US Geological Survey's Northern Temperate Lakes-Water, Energy and Biogeochemical Budgets (NTL-WEBB) project. The three sites included one high groundwater discharge (HGD) site, one weak groundwater discharge (WGD) site, and one groundwater recharge (GR) site. Large upward vertical gradients at the HGD site were associated with smallest variation in head below the stream and fewest gradient reversals between the stream and the groundwater beneath the stream, and the stream and the adjacent streambank. The WGD site had the highest number of gradient reversals reflecting the average condition being closest to zero vertical gradient. The duration of groundwater discharge events was related to the amount of discharge, where the HGD site had the longest strong-gradient durations for both horizontal and vertical groundwater flow. Strong groundwater discharge also controlled transient temperature and chemical hyporheic conditions by limiting the infiltration of surface water. Groundwater-surface water interactions were related to highly significant patterns in benthic invertebrate abundance, taxonomic richness, and periphyton respiration. The HGD site abundance was 35% greater than in the WGD site and 53% greater than the GR site; richness and periphyton respiration were also significantly greater (p???0.001, 31 and 44%, respectively) in the HGD site than in the GR site. The WGD site had greater abundance (27%), richness (19%) and periphyton respiration (39%) than the GR site. This work suggests groundwater-surface water interactions can strongly influence benthic productivity, thus emphasizing the importance of quantitative hydrology for management of wetland-stream ecosystems in the northern temperate regions. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.029","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., Strand, M., and Walker, J., 2006, Measuring groundwater-surface water interaction and its effect on wetland stream benthic productivity, Trout Lake watershed, northern Wisconsin, USA, in Journal of Hydrology, v. 320, no. 3-4, p. 370-384, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.029.","startPage":"370","endPage":"384","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.029"},{"id":239128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a534ae4b0c8380cd6c99a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, R. J.","contributorId":40164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strand, M.","contributorId":91299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strand","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, J.F.","contributorId":86743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030305,"text":"70030305 - 2006 - Fuel breaks affect nonnative species abundance in Californian plant communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-24T20:04:51.633265","indexId":"70030305","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fuel breaks affect nonnative species abundance in Californian plant communities","docAbstract":"We evaluated the abundance of nonnative plants on fuel breaks and in adjacent untreated areas to determine if fuel treatments promote the invasion of nonnative plant species. Understanding the relationship between fuel treatments and nonnative plants is becoming increasingly important as federal and state agencies are currently implementing large fuel treatment programs throughout the United States to reduce the threat of wildland fire. Our study included 24 fuel breaks located across the State of California. We found that nonnative plant abundance was over 200% higher on fuel breaks than in adjacent wildland areas. Relative nonnative cover was greater on fuel breaks constructed by bulldozers (28%) than on fuel breaks constructed by other methods (7%). Canopy cover, litter cover, and duff depth also were significantly lower on fuel breaks constructed by bulldozers, and these fuel breaks had significantly more exposed bare ground than other types of fuel breaks. There was a significant decline in relative nonnative cover with increasing distance from the fuel break, particularly in areas that had experienced more numerous fires during the past 50 years, and in areas that had been grazed. These data suggest that fuel breaks could provide establishment sites for nonnative plants, and that nonnatives may invade surrounding areas, especially after disturbances such as fire or grazing. Fuel break construction and maintenance methods that leave some overstory canopy and minimize exposure of bare ground may be less likely to promote nonnative plants.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[0515:FBANSA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Merriam, K.E., Keeley, J., and Beyers, J., 2006, Fuel breaks affect nonnative species abundance in Californian plant communities: Ecological Applications, v. 16, no. 2, p. 515-527, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[0515:FBANSA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"527","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Here we describe patterns of natal and CD occupation by hyaenas belonging to one well-studied clan in the Maasai Mara National Reserve during a 10-year period. Locations of 98 den sites that were used as natal or CDs by hyaenas in the study clan were digitized in a Geographic Information System, and the duration of use of each den site, frequency of re-use, and distances involved in den moves were quantified. Hyaenas moved their CD monthly on average. Most CD sites were occupied only once during the study, but several sites were used repeatedly. On rare occasions, the movement of hyaenas to a new den site could be attributed to a disturbance event at the CD, but factors regularly prompting hyaenas to move to new CD sites were unclear. High-ranking female hyaenas were more likely to rear their cubs from birth in a CD than low-ranking females. Low-ranking females almost always utilized isolated NDs for the first few weeks of a litter's development, and low-ranking females transferred their cubs over longer distances than did high-ranking females. ?? 2006 East African Wild Life Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"African Journal of Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2028.2006.00618.x","issn":"01416707","usgsCitation":"Boydston, E., Kapheim, K., and Holekamp, K., 2006, Patterns of den occupation by the spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta): African Journal of Ecology, v. 44, no. 1, p. 77-86, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2006.00618.x.","startPage":"77","endPage":"86","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212101,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2006.00618.x"},{"id":239524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75cce4b0c8380cd77d52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boydston, E. 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E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kapheim, K.M.","contributorId":64197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kapheim","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holekamp, K.E.","contributorId":34077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holekamp","given":"K.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030426,"text":"70030426 - 2006 - Geology-based planning and the aggregate industry - Perspectives from opposite sides of the globe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030426","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology-based planning and the aggregate industry - Perspectives from opposite sides of the globe","docAbstract":"In Australia and in the United States, encroachment by conflicting land uses, zoning restrictions and the \"not-in-my-backyard\" syndrome make it increasingly difficult to access high-quality aggregate resources located near their market areas. Attempts by government agencies in the United States to protect aggregate resources for future development have met with varying degrees of success. The State of Queensland, Australia, designates aggregate resource areas as Key Resource Areas. These protect the resource and the routes to transport the resource, provide a separation area from incompatible land uses and indicate the likelihood that the area is free from conflicting social or environmental issues.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00265187","usgsCitation":"Stephens, A., and Langer, W.H., 2006, Geology-based planning and the aggregate industry - Perspectives from opposite sides of the globe: Mining Engineering, v. 58, no. 4, p. 63-68.","startPage":"63","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2756e4b0c8380cd597b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephens, A.W.","contributorId":68102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030357,"text":"70030357 - 2006 - Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030357","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean","docAbstract":"It has been suggested, on the basis of modern hydrology and fully coupled palaeoclimate simulations, that the warm greenhouse conditions that characterized the early Palaeogene period (55-45 Myr ago) probably induced an intensified hydrological cycle with precipitation exceeding evaporation at high latitudes. Little field evidence, however, has been available to constrain oceanic conditions in the Arctic during this period. Here we analyse Palaeogene sediments obtained during the Arctic Coring Expedition, showing that large quantities of the free-floating fern Azolla grew and reproduced in the Arctic Ocean by the onset of the middle Eocene epoch (???50 Myr ago). The Azolla and accompanying abundant freshwater organic and siliceous microfossils indicate an episodic freshening of Arctic surface waters during an ???800,000-year interval. The abundant remains of Azolla that characterize basal middle Eocene marine deposits of all Nordic seas probably represent transported assemblages resulting from freshwater spills from the Arctic Ocean that reached as far south as the North Sea. The termination of the Azolla phase in the Arctic coincides with a local sea surface temperature rise from ???10??C to 13??C, pointing to simultaneous increases in salt and heat supply owing to the influx of waters from adjacent oceans. We suggest that onset and termination of the Azolla phase depended on the degree of oceanic exchange between Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas. ?? 2006 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04692","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Brinkhuis, H., Schouten, S., Collinson, M., Sluijs, A., Damste, J., Dickens, G., Huber, M., Cronin, T.M., Onodera, J., Takahashi, K., Bujak, J., Stein, R., Van Der Burgh, J., Eldrett, J., Harding, I., Lotter, A., Sangiorgi, F., Cittert, H., De Leeuw, J.W., Matthiessen, J., Backman, J., and Moran, K., 2006, Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean: Nature, v. 441, no. 7093, p. 606-609, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04692.","startPage":"606","endPage":"609","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487649,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/1721","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212005,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04692"},{"id":239406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"441","issue":"7093","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a10e4b0c8380cd521aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brinkhuis, H.","contributorId":89719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinkhuis","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schouten, S.","contributorId":7064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schouten","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collinson, M.E.","contributorId":49600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collinson","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sluijs, A.","contributorId":42035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sluijs","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Damste, J.S.S.","contributorId":47117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damste","given":"J.S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dickens, G.R.","contributorId":88101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickens","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huber, M.","contributorId":79703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cronin, T. 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