The in situ depths of juvenile salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. were studied to determine whether hydrostatic compensation was sufficient to protect them from gas bubble disease (GBD) during exposure to total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation from a regional program of spill at dams meant to improve salmonid passage survival. Yearling Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha and juvenile steelhead O. mykiss implanted with pressure-sensing radio transmitters were monitored from boats while they were migrating between the tailrace of Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River and the forebay of McNary Dam on the Columbia River during 1997-1999. The TDG generally decreased with distance from the tailrace of the dam and was within levels known to cause GBD signs and mortality in laboratory bioassays. Results of repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated that the mean depths of juvenile steelhead were similar throughout the study area, ranging from 2.0 m in the Snake River to 2.3 m near the McNary Dam forebay. The mean depths of yearling Chinook salmon generally increased with distance from Ice Harbor Dam, ranging from 1.5 m in the Snake River to 3.2 m near the forebay. Juvenile steelhead were deeper at night than during the day, and yearling Chinook salmon were deeper during the day than at night. The TDG level was a significant covariate in models of the migration depth and rates of each species, but no effect of fish size was detected. Hydrostatic compensation, along with short exposure times in the area of greatest TDG, reduced the effects of TDG exposure below those generally shown to elicit GBD signs or mortality. Based on these factors, our results indicate that the TDG limits of the regional spill program were safe for these juvenile salmonids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T05-193.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J., and Maule, A., 2006, Migration depths of juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead relative to total dissolved gas supersaturation in a Columbia River reservoir: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 135, no. 3, p. 584-594, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-193.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"584","endPage":"594","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210744,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-193.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River, Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.08493041992186,\n 46.188387507419954\n ],\n [\n -118.99017333984375,\n 46.20834889395228\n ],\n [\n -118.92974853515624,\n 46.2102496001872\n ],\n [\n -118.89129638671875,\n 46.091329046507695\n ],\n [\n -118.94073486328125,\n 45.98837476770814\n ],\n [\n -119.10140991210936,\n 45.91198865118152\n ],\n [\n -119.58343505859374,\n 45.857499316676666\n ],\n [\n -119.81002807617188,\n 45.823057462282456\n ],\n [\n -119.88143920898436,\n 45.8488908518382\n ],\n [\n -119.86221313476562,\n 45.868018964152476\n ],\n [\n -119.7344970703125,\n 45.90147732739488\n ],\n [\n -119.58892822265626,\n 45.94351068030587\n ],\n [\n -119.51889038085938,\n 45.93300532761351\n ],\n [\n -119.41314697265624,\n 45.933960441921585\n ],\n [\n -119.267578125,\n 45.95592353109711\n ],\n [\n -119.12338256835938,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -119.00253295898438,\n 46.03510927947334\n ],\n [\n -119.06158447265625,\n 46.18268292219694\n ],\n [\n -119.08493041992186,\n 46.188387507419954\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"135","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5700e4b0c8380cd6d9a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, J.W.","contributorId":32646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maule, A.G.","contributorId":45067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029172,"text":"70029172 - 2006 - Regulation of an unexploited brown trout population in Spruce Creek, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70029172","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regulation of an unexploited brown trout population in Spruce Creek, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"The purpose of this paper is to describe the annual variations in the density of an unexploited population of lotic brown trout Salmo trutta that has been censused annually for 19 years and to explore the importance of density-independent and density-dependent processes in regulating population size. Brown trout density and indices of stream discharge and water temperature were related to annual variations in natural mortality, recruitment, and growth. Annual mortality of age-1 and older (age-1+) brown trout ranged from 0.30 to 0.75 and was best explained by discharge during spring and by brown trout density. Recruitment to age 1 varied fivefold. Density of age-1 brown trout was inversely related to spawner density and positively related to discharge during the fall spawning period. The median length of age-1 brown trout was positively related to discharge during summer and fall. Relative weight was inversely related to the density of age-2+ brown trout. The interactive effects of discharge and brown trout density accounted for most of the annual variation in mortality, recruitment, and growth during the first year of life. Annual trends in the abundance of age-1+ brown trout were largely dictated by natural mortality. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T05-028.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Carline, R., 2006, Regulation of an unexploited brown trout population in Spruce Creek, Pennsylvania: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 135, no. 4, p. 943-954, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-028.1.","startPage":"943","endPage":"954","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210718,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-028.1"},{"id":237728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a5f5e4b0e8fec6cdc032","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carline, R.F.","contributorId":107444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carline","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029171,"text":"70029171 - 2006 - Spawning habitat associations and selection by fishes in a flow-regulated prairie river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70029171","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spawning habitat associations and selection by fishes in a flow-regulated prairie river","docAbstract":"We used histological features to identify the spawning chronologies of river-dwelling populations of slenderhead darter Percina phoxocephala, suckermouth minnow Phenacobius mirabilis, stonecat Noturus flavus, and red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis and to relate their reproductive status to microhabitat associations. We identified spawning and nonspawning differences in habitat associations resulting from I year of field data via logistic regression modeling and identified shifts in microhabitat selection via frequency-of-use and availability histograms. Each species demonstrated different habitat associations between spawning and nonspawning periods. The peak spawning period for slenderhead darters was April to May in high-velocity microhabitats containing cobble. Individuals were associated with similar microhabitats during the postspawn summer and began migrating to deeper habitats in the fall. Most suckermouth minnow spawned from late March through early May in shallow microhabitats. The probability of the presence of these fish in shallow habitats declined postspawn, as fish apparently shifted to deeper habitats. Stonecats conducted prespawn activities in nearshore microhabitats containing large substrates but probably moved to deeper habitats during summer to spawn. Microhabitats with shallow depths containing cobble were associated with the presence of spawning red shiners during the summer. Prespawn fish selected low-velocity microhabitats during the spring, whereas postspawn fish selected habitats similar to the spawning habitat but added a shallow depth component. Hydraulic variables had the most influence on microhabitat models for all of these species, emphasizing the importance of flow in habitat selection by river-dwelling fishes. Histological analyses allowed us to more precisely document the time periods when habitat use is critical to species success. Without evidence demonstrating the functional mechanisms behind habitat associations, protective flows implemented for habitat protection are unlikely to be effective. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T05-021.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Brewer, S., Papoulias, D., and Rabeni, C., 2006, Spawning habitat associations and selection by fishes in a flow-regulated prairie river: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 135, no. 3, p. 763-778, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-021.1.","startPage":"763","endPage":"778","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210717,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-021.1"},{"id":237727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94d6e4b08c986b31ac7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, S.K.","contributorId":34284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papoulias, D. M. 0000-0002-5106-2469","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5106-2469","contributorId":58759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papoulias","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rabeni, C.F.","contributorId":67823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabeni","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028189,"text":"70028189 - 2006 - Precessional forcing of lacustrine sedimentation in the late Cenozoic Chemeron Basin, Central Kenya Rift, and calibration of the Gauss/Matuyama boundary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028189","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precessional forcing of lacustrine sedimentation in the late Cenozoic Chemeron Basin, Central Kenya Rift, and calibration of the Gauss/Matuyama boundary","docAbstract":"The fluviolacustrine sedimentary sequence of the Chemeron Formation exposed in the Barsemoi River drainage, Tugen Hills, Kenya, contains a package of five successive diatomite/fluvial cycles that record the periodic development of freshwater lakes within the axial portion of the Central Kenya Rift. The overwhelming abundance in the diatomite of planktonic species of the genera Aulacoseira and Stephanodiscus, and the virtual absence of benthic littoral diatoms and detrital material indicate areally extensive, deep lake systems. A paleomagnetic reversal stratigraphy has been determined and chronostratigraphic tie points established by 40Ar/39Ar dating of intercalated tuffs. The sequence spans the interval 3.1-2.35??Ma and bears a detailed record of the Gauss/Matuyama paleomagnetic transition. The 40Ar/39Ar age for this boundary of 2.589 ?? 0.003??Ma can be adjusted to concordance with the Astronomical Polarity Time Scale (APTS) on the basis of an independent calibration to 2.610??Ma, 29??kyr older than the previous APTS age. The diatomites recur at an orbital precessional interval of 23??kyr and are centered on a 400-kyr eccentricity maximum. It is concluded that these diatomite/fluvial cycles reflect a narrow interval of orbitally forced wet/dry climatic conditions that may be expressed regionally across East Africa. The timing of the lacustrine pulses relative to predicted insolation models favors origination of moisture from the northern Africa monsoon, rather than local circulation driven by direct equatorial insolation. This moisture event at 2.7-2.55??Ma, and later East African episodes at 1.9-1.7 and 1.1-0.9??Ma, are approximately coincident with major global climatic and oceanographic events. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2006.04.009","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Deino, A., Kingston, J., Glen, J.M., Edgar, R., and Hill, A., 2006, Precessional forcing of lacustrine sedimentation in the late Cenozoic Chemeron Basin, Central Kenya Rift, and calibration of the Gauss/Matuyama boundary: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 247, no. 1-2, p. 41-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.04.009.","startPage":"41","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210180,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.04.009"}],"volume":"247","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a810ae4b0c8380cd7b330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deino, A.L.","contributorId":61153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deino","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kingston, J.D.","contributorId":100599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingston","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glen, J. M.","contributorId":37338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edgar, R.K.","contributorId":92037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, A.","contributorId":72189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70028597,"text":"70028597 - 2006 - A screening-level assessment of lead, cadmium, and zinc in fish and crayfish from northeastern Oklahoma, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-18T15:47:32","indexId":"70028597","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A screening-level assessment of lead, cadmium, and zinc in fish and crayfish from northeastern Oklahoma, USA","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate potential human and ecological risks associated with metals in fish and crayfish from mining in the Tri-States Mining District (TSMD). Crayfish (Orconectes spp.) and fish of six frequently consumed species (common carp, Cyprinus carpio; channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus; flathead catfish, Pylodictis olivaris; largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides; spotted bass, M. punctulatus; and white crappie, Pomoxis annularis) were collected in 2001-2002 from the Oklahoma waters of the Spring River (SR) and Neosho River (NR), which drain the TSMD. Samples from a mining-contaminated site in eastern Missouri and from reference sites were also analyzed. Individual fish were prepared for human consumption in the manner used locally by Native Americans (headed, eviscerated, and scaled) and analyzed for lead, cadmium, and zinc. Whole crayfish were analyzed as composite samples of 5-60 animals. Metals concentrations were typically higher in samples from sites most heavily affected by mining and lowest in reference samples. Within the TSMD, most metals concentrations were higher at sites on the SR than on the NR and were typically highest in common carp and crayfish than in other taxa. Higher concentrations and greater risk were associated with fish and crayfish from heavily contaminated SR tributaries than the SR or NR mainstems. Based on the results of this and previous studies, the human consumption of carp and crayfish could be restricted based on current criteria for lead, cadmium, and zinc, and the consumption of channel catfish could be restricted due to lead. Metals concentrations were uniformly low in Micropterus spp. and crappie and would not warrant restriction, however. Some risk to carnivorous avian wildlife from lead and zinc in TSMD fish and invertebrates was also indicated, as was risk to the fish themselves. Overall, the wildlife assessment is consistent with previously reported biological effects attributed to metals from the TSMD. The results demonstrate the potential for adverse effects in fish, wildlife, and humans and indicate that further investigation of human health and ecological risks, to include additional exposure pathways and endpoints, is warranted. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","doi":"10.1007/s10653-006-9050-4","issn":"02694042","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, C., Brumbaugh, W.G., Linder, G., and Hinck, J., 2006, A screening-level assessment of lead, cadmium, and zinc in fish and crayfish from northeastern Oklahoma, USA: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 28, no. 5, p. 445-471, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-006-9050-4.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"471","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209733,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-006-9050-4"}],"volume":"28","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e57ae4b0c8380cd46d69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brumbaugh, W. G.","contributorId":106441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linder, G.L.","contributorId":10592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hinck, J.E.","contributorId":47560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028408,"text":"70028408 - 2006 - Quantifying surface water–groundwater interactions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:42:22","indexId":"70028408","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying surface water–groundwater interactions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development","docAbstract":"We present a method for determining streambed seepage rates using time series thermal data. The new method is based on quantifying changes in phase and amplitude of temperature variations between pairs of subsurface sensors. For a reasonable range of streambed thermal properties and sensor spacings the time series method should allow reliable estimation of seepage rates for a range of at least ±10 m d−1 (±1.2 × 10−2 m s−1), with amplitude variations being most sensitive at low flow rates and phase variations retaining sensitivity out to much higher rates. Compared to forward modeling, the new method requires less observational data and less setup and data handling and is faster, particularly when interpreting many long data sets. The time series method is insensitive to streambed scour and sedimentation, which allows for application under a wide range of flow conditions and allows time series estimation of variable streambed hydraulic conductivity. This new approach should facilitate wider use of thermal methods and improve understanding of the complex spatial and temporal dynamics of surface water–groundwater interactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004787","usgsCitation":"Hatch, C.E., Fisher, A.T., Revenaugh, J.S., Constantz, J., and Ruehl, C., 2006, Quantifying surface water–groundwater interactions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development: Water Resources Research, v. 42, no. 10, Article W10410; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004787.","productDescription":"Article W10410; 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477544,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005wr004787","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91e1e4b0c8380cd80508","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Christine E","contributorId":191364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Andrew T.","contributorId":178403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Revenaugh, Justin S.","contributorId":22566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Revenaugh","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Constantz, Jim","contributorId":66338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruehl, Chris","contributorId":181877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruehl","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70028596,"text":"70028596 - 2006 - Survey and monitoring of species at risk at Camp Blanding Training Site, northeastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028596","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survey and monitoring of species at risk at Camp Blanding Training Site, northeastern Florida","docAbstract":"We studied the presence and distribution of 19 species at risk in northeastern Florida at the Camp Blanding Training Site (CBTS) during 2000-2001, seven years after the first major baseline surveys of CBTS were conducted. Much of the training conducted at CBTS deals with light infantry exercises, but the site is also used for mining, silviculture, hunting, fishing, emergency logistical support, and entertainment purposes. CBTS contains more than 2000 species of plants and animals in 14 natural communities, each impacted to various degrees by past and current land management. Adaptive management plans for species may be ineffective without continual feedback and the flexibility for change. Here we summarize and discuss the results of our surveys, compare these results with those of past surveys, identify differences between the surveys, and discuss the importance of systematic protocols and study design for CBTS environmental managers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/1528-7092(2006)5[473:SAMOSA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15287092","usgsCitation":"Gregory, C., Carthy, R., and Pearlstine, L., 2006, Survey and monitoring of species at risk at Camp Blanding Training Site, northeastern Florida: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 5, no. 3, p. 473-498, https://doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2006)5[473:SAMOSA]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"473","endPage":"498","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209732,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2006)5[473:SAMOSA]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236429,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba288e4b08c986b31f78b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gregory, C.J.","contributorId":32487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregory","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carthy, R.R.","contributorId":96367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carthy","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearlstine, L.G.","contributorId":56000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearlstine","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028870,"text":"70028870 - 2006 - Incorporation of seawater into mid-ocean ridge lava flows during emplacement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028870","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporation of seawater into mid-ocean ridge lava flows during emplacement","docAbstract":"Evidence for the interaction between seawater and lava during emplacement on the deep seafloor can be observed in solidified flows at a variety of scales including rapid quenching of their outer crusts and the formation of lava pillars through the body of the flow. Recently, an additional interaction, incorporation of heated seawater (vapor) into the body of a flow, has been proposed. Large voids and vesicles beneath the surface crusts of mid-ocean ridge crest lobate and sheet lava flows and lava drips found within those cavities have been cited as evidence for this interaction. The voids resulting from this interaction contribute to the high porosity of the shallow ocean crust and play an important role in crustal permeability and hydrothermal circulation at mid-ocean ridges, and thus it is important to understand their origin. We analyze lava samples from the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise and intermediate-spreading Galapagos Spreading Center to characterize this process, identify the source of the vapor, and investigate the implications this would have on submarine lava flow dynamics. We find that lava samples that have interacted with a vapor have a zone of increased vesicularity on the underside of the lava crust and a coating of precipitate minerals (i.e., crystal fringe) that are distinct in form and composition from those crystallized from the melt. We use thermochemical modeling to simulate the reaction between the lava and a vapor and find that only with seawater can we reproduce the phase assemblage we observe within the crystal fringes present in the samples. Model results suggest that large-scale contamination of the lava by mass exchange with the vapor is unlikely, but we observe local enrichment of the lava in Cl resulting from the incorporation of a brine phase separated from the seawater. We suggest that high eruption rates are necessary for seawater incorporation to occur, but the mechanism by which seawater enters the flow has yet to be resolved. A persistent vapor phase may be important in inhibiting the collapse of lava flow roofs during natural waxing and waning of lava levels during emplacement allowing lava pathways to be maintained during long lived eruptions. In addition, we illustrate the potential for a persistent vapor layer to increase local flow rates within submarine flows by up to a factor of three, thereby influencing how lava is distributed across the ridge crest. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.043","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Soule, S., Fornari, D., Perfit, M., Ridley, W., Reed, M., and Cann, J., 2006, Incorporation of seawater into mid-ocean ridge lava flows during emplacement: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 252, no. 3-4, p. 289-307, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.043.","startPage":"289","endPage":"307","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209959,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.043"},{"id":236728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"252","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39f1e4b0c8380cd61ac0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soule, S.A.","contributorId":17816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soule","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fornari, D.J.","contributorId":49520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fornari","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perfit, M.R.","contributorId":45467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perfit","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ridley, W.I.","contributorId":72122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, M.H.","contributorId":91606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cann, J.R.","contributorId":100158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cann","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190532,"text":"70190532 - 2006 - Fire decreases arthropod abundance but increases diversity: Early and late season prescribed fire effects in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T14:06:55","indexId":"70190532","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire decreases arthropod abundance but increases diversity: Early and late season prescribed fire effects in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest","docAbstract":"Prior to fire suppression in the 20th century, the mixed-conifer forests of the Sierra Nevada, California, U.S.A., historically burned in frequent fires that typically occurred during the late summer and early fall. Fire managers have been attempting to restore natural ecosystem processes through prescription burning, and have often favored burning during the fall in order to mimic historical fire regimes. Increasingly, however, prescription burning is also being done during the late spring and early summer in order to expand the window of opportunity for needed fuel reduction burning. The effect of prescribed fires outside of the historical fire season on forest arthropods is not known. The objective of this study was to compare the short-term effects of prescribed fires ignited in the early and late fire season on forest floor arthropods. Arthropod abundance and diversity were assessed using pitfall trapping in replicated burn units in Sequoia National Park, California. Overall, abundance of arthropods was lower in the burn treatments than in the unburned control. However, diversity tended to be greater in the burn treatments. Fire also altered the relative abundances of arthropod feeding guilds. No significant differences in arthropod community structure were found between early and late season burn treatments. Instead, changes in the arthropod community appeared to be driven largely by changes in fuel loading, vegetation, and habitat heterogeneity, all of which differed more between the burned and unburned treatments than between early and late season burn treatments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for Fire Ecology","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.0202079","usgsCitation":"Ferrenberg, S., Schwilk, D.W., Knapp, E.E., Groth, E., and Keeley, J.E., 2006, Fire decreases arthropod abundance but increases diversity: Early and late season prescribed fire effects in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest: Fire Ecology, v. 2, no. 2, p. 79-102, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0202079.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"102","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0202079","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b10936e4b020cdf7d8da04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferrenberg, Scott 0000-0002-3542-0334 sferrenberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3542-0334","contributorId":147684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrenberg","given":"Scott","email":"sferrenberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwilk, Dylan W.","contributorId":103883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwilk","given":"Dylan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knapp, Eric E.","contributorId":80570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knapp","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Groth, Eric","contributorId":196224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groth","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70028593,"text":"70028593 - 2006 - The diamondback terrapin: The biology, ecology, cultural history, and conservation status of an obligate estuarine turtle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028593","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3489,"text":"Studies in Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The diamondback terrapin: The biology, ecology, cultural history, and conservation status of an obligate estuarine turtle","docAbstract":"Ranging from Cape Cod to nearly the Texas-Mexico border, the diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) is the only species of North American turtle restricted to estuarine systems. Despite this extensive distribution, its zone of occurrence is very linear, and in places fragmented, resulting in a relatively small total area of occupancy. On a global scale, excluding marine species, few turtles even venture into brackish water on a regular basis, and only two Asian species approach the North American terrapin's dependency on estuarine habitats. Here we describe some of the biological and behavioral adaptations of terrapins that allow them to live in the rather harsh estuarine environment. In this chapter we review the natural and cultural history of this turtle, discuss conservation issues, and provide information on the types of research needed to make sound management decisions for terrapin populations in peril.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies in Avian Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01979922","isbn":"0943610702; 9780943610702","usgsCitation":"Hart, K., and Lee, D., 2006, The diamondback terrapin: The biology, ecology, cultural history, and conservation status of an obligate estuarine turtle: Studies in Avian Biology, no. 32, p. 206-213.","startPage":"206","endPage":"213","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baaabe4b08c986b32290c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V.","contributorId":128314,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V.","id":536638,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hart, K.M. 0000-0002-5257-7974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":7483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, D.S.","contributorId":50330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028106,"text":"70028106 - 2006 - A new reference section for palynostratigraphic zonation of Paleocene rocks in the Rocky Mountain region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70028106","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new reference section for palynostratigraphic zonation of Paleocene rocks in the Rocky Mountain region","docAbstract":"A biostratigraphic (palynostratigraphic) zonation of Paleocene rocks was established in the northeastern Wind River Basin near Waltman, Natrona County, Wyoming, in 1978 and subsequently applied extensively by various workers throughout the Rocky Mountain region. Because the original study on which the zonation was based was proprietary, precise details about the locations of the two reference sections and the samples on which the zonation was based were not published and are no longer retrievable. Therefore, it is useful (although not required) to designate formally a new reference section for the Paleocene biozones. Accordingly, exposures of Paleocene and associated strata within and west of the Castle Gardens Petroglyph Site in Fremont County, Wyoming, in the east-central part of the Wind River Basin, were selected for this purpose. At this location, composite stratigraphic sections encompassing 740 m of strata were measured, described, and sampled. Productive samples yielded characteristic Maastrichtian palynomorphs from the lower part of the sampled interval and diagnostic species of the six palynological biozones zones widely known as P1 (lower Paleocene) through P6 (upper Paleocene), through an interval of about 580 m. The Paleocene biozones are present in the same consistent stratigraphic order in the Castle Gardens area as observed in the 1978 study and subsequent studies throughout the Rocky Mountain region. In accordance with the North American Stratigraphic Code, the historical background is presented; intent to establish the Castle Gardens reference section is declared; the category, rank, and formal names of biostratigraphic units within it are specified; and the features of the biozonation are described, including biozone boundaries, ages, and regional relations. Occurrences of biostratigraphically significant palynological species within each biozone in the reference section are tabulated, and presence of these and other species in correlative biozones are discussed. The new reference section in the Castle Gardens area replaces the original reference sections near Waltman and provides a better-documented foundation for Paleocene palynostratigraphy in the Rocky Mountain region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mountain Geologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0027254X","usgsCitation":"Nichols, D.J., and Flores, R.M., 2006, A new reference section for palynostratigraphic zonation of Paleocene rocks in the Rocky Mountain region: Mountain Geologist, v. 43, no. 4, p. 299-312.","startPage":"299","endPage":"312","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4aee4b0c8380cd4683b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, D. J.","contributorId":55466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flores, R. M.","contributorId":106899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028409,"text":"70028409 - 2006 - Using self-organizing maps to determine observation threshold limit predictions in highly variant data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70028409","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using self-organizing maps to determine observation threshold limit predictions in highly variant data","docAbstract":"A significant data quality challenge for highly variant systems surrounds the limited ability to quantify operationally reasonable limits on the data elements being collected and provide reasonable threshold predictions. In many instances, the number of influences that drive a resulting value or operational range is too large to enable physical sampling for each influencer, or is too complicated to accurately model in an explicit simulation. An alternative method to determine reasonable observation thresholds is to employ an automation algorithm that would emulate a human analyst visually inspecting data for limits. Using the visualization technique of self-organizing maps (SOM) on data having poorly understood relationships, a methodology for determining threshold limits was developed. To illustrate this approach, analysis of environmental influences that drive the abundance of a target indicator species (the pink shrimp, Farfantepenaeus duorarum) provided a real example of applicability. The relationship between salinity and temperature and abundance of F. duorarum is well documented, but the effect of changes in water quality upstream on pink shrimp abundance is not well understood. The highly variant nature surrounding catch of a specific number of organisms in the wild, and the data available from up-stream hydrology measures for salinity and temperature, made this an ideal candidate for the approach to provide a determination about the influence of changes in hydrology on populations of organisms.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition XV","conferenceDate":"17 April 2006 through 19 April 2006","conferenceLocation":"Kissimmee, FL","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.667802","issn":"0277786X","isbn":"0819462918; 9780819462916","usgsCitation":"Paganoni, C., Chang, K., and Robblee, M., 2006, Using self-organizing maps to determine observation threshold limit predictions in highly variant data, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 6235, Kissimmee, FL, 17 April 2006 through 19 April 2006, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.667802.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210351,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.667802"},{"id":237246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6235","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc09be4b08c986b32a208","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paganoni, C.A.","contributorId":10984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paganoni","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chang, K.C.","contributorId":44732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robblee, M. B.","contributorId":23879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robblee","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028412,"text":"70028412 - 2006 - Geophysical setting of the 2000 ML 5.2 Yountville, California, earthquake: Implications for seismic Hazard in Napa Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70028412","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysical setting of the 2000 ML 5.2 Yountville, California, earthquake: Implications for seismic Hazard in Napa Valley, California","docAbstract":"The epicenter of the 2000 ML 5.2 Yountville earthquake was located 5 km west of the surface trace of the West Napa fault, as defined by Helley and Herd (1977). On the basis of the re-examination of geologic data and the analysis of potential field data, the earthquake occurred on a strand of the West Napa fault, the main basin-bounding fault along the west side of Napa Valley. Linear aeromagnetic anomalies and a prominent gravity gradient extend the length of the fault to the latitude of Calistoga, suggesting that this fault may be capable of larger-magnitude earthquakes. Gravity data indicate an ???2-km-deep basin centered on the town of Napa, where damage was concentrated during the Yountville earthquake. It most likely played a minor role in enhancing shaking during this event but may lead to enhanced shaking caused by wave trapping during a larger-magnitude earthquake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050187","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., Graymer, R., and Jachens, R., 2006, Geophysical setting of the 2000 ML 5.2 Yountville, California, earthquake: Implications for seismic Hazard in Napa Valley, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 3, p. 1192-1198, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050187.","startPage":"1192","endPage":"1198","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210381,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050187"}],"volume":"96","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2869e4b0c8380cd5a0bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":417946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graymer, R. 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Halodule wrighti is a common seagrass of the Caribbean region that is being restored to areas of the Gulf of Mexico, yet little is known of its population genetics. This study provides an assessment of individual, clonal and population effects on the genetic structure of 4 natural H. wrightii populations occupying 170 km of coastline in and around Galveston Bay, Texas, for comparison with 7 restored populations ranging in age from 2 to 7 yr. By using molecular markers, in the form of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), we found considerable variation in clonal richness at the population scale (from 0.54 to 0.82), with the restored populations occupying an intermediate to high position within this range. Replicate sampling within individual seagrass beds of 3 to 5m diameter generally revealed higher levels of clonal richness, elevated by 4 to 22% over that at the population scale, suggesting that seed recruitment is more important at the local scale than at distances of >10 m. Genetic diversity was 2 to 3 times less than that expected for a widespread, outcrossing species like H. wrightii, although a 170% increase in the frequency of variable markers relative to the mean for all other populations was noted for a volunteer population that had recruited from a mixture of donor materials planted at a nearby restoration site. Within the spatial extent of this study, natural populations adhered to a model of isolation-by-distance, whereas donor materials from these same natural populations were undergoing a rapid genetic convergence within a restored site where they had been planted together.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Travis, S., and Sheridan, P., 2006, Genetic structure of natural and restored shoalgrass Halodule wrightii populations in the NW Gulf of Mexico: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 322, p. 117-127.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364748,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/24870863"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.94384765625,\n 30.15462722077597\n ],\n [\n -97.7288818359375,\n 27.843933386070514\n ],\n [\n -97.27294921875,\n 27.401032392938866\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n -94.94384765625,\n 30.15462722077597\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"322","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1587e4b0c8380cd54e67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Travis, S.E. 0000-0001-9338-8953","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9338-8953","contributorId":28718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Travis","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheridan, P.","contributorId":24983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":81585,"text":"81585 - 2006 - Food webs and parasites in a salt marsh ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:00","indexId":"81585","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Food webs and parasites in a salt marsh ecosystem","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Disease ecology: community structure and pathogen dynamics.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publisherLocation":"Oxford, UK","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., Hechinger, R.F., Shaw, J., Whitney, K., and Kuris, A.M., 2006, Food webs and parasites in a salt marsh ecosystem, chap. of Disease ecology: community structure and pathogen dynamics., p. 119-134.","productDescription":"p. 119-134","startPage":"119","endPage":"134","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae63f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Collinge, S.","contributorId":111583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collinge","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504329,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ray, C.","contributorId":40758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504328,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, K. D.","contributorId":58213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hechinger, R. F.","contributorId":83864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hechinger","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaw, J.C.","contributorId":6789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitney, K.L.","contributorId":70718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuris, A. M.","contributorId":62164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":87264,"text":"87264 - 2006 - The prairie dog as a keystone species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-26T10:53:40","indexId":"87264","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"4","title":"The prairie dog as a keystone species","docAbstract":"The prairie dog has a pronounced impact on its grassland ecosystem (King 1955; Uresk and Bjugstad 1983; Miller et al. 1994; Society for Conservation Biology 1994; Wuerthner 1997; Johnsgard 2005). They maintain short vegetation by their grazing and by selective removal of tall plants and shrubs; provide shelter, foraging grounds, and nesting habitat for a diverse array of animals; serve as prey for many predators; and alter soil chemistry.
Do these impacts mean that the prairie dog is a keystone species? To investigate, we first scrutinize the definition for a keystone species. We then document both vertebrates and invertebrates that associate with prairie dogs and their colony-sites. We examine ecosystem processes at colony-sites, and then assess whether the prairie dog is a legitimate keystone species. Finally, we explore the implications of keystone status for the conservation of prairie dogs.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation of the black-tailed prairie dog: Saving North America's western grasslands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Island Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","isbn":"9781559634977 ","usgsCitation":"Kotliar, N.B., Miller, B., Reading, R.P., and Clark, T.W., 2006, The prairie dog as a keystone species, chap. 4 of Conservation of the black-tailed prairie dog: Saving North America's western grasslands, p. 53-64.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"64","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350205,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://islandpress.org/book/conservation-of-the-black-tailed-prairie-dog"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a71e4b07f02db641d0f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hoogland, John L.","contributorId":113228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoogland","given":"John L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504882,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Kotliar, Natasha B.","contributorId":23116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotliar","given":"Natasha","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Brian J.","contributorId":73682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Brian J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reading, Richard P.","contributorId":104824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reading","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, Timothy W.","contributorId":104377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028476,"text":"70028476 - 2006 - Spring-summer diet of lake trout on Six Fathom Bank and Yankee Reef in Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T09:22:58","indexId":"70028476","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring-summer diet of lake trout on Six Fathom Bank and Yankee Reef in Lake Huron","docAbstract":"We examined the stomach contents of 1,045 lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) caught on Six Fathom Bank and Yankee Reef, two offshore reef complexes in Lake Huron, during late spring and early summer 1998-2003. Lake trout ranged in total length from 213 to 858 mm, and in age from 2 to 14 years. In total, 742 stomachs contained food. On a wet-weight basis, alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) dominated the spring-summer diet of lake trout on both of these offshore reef complexes. Alewives accounted for 75 to 90% of lake trout diet, depending on the lake trout size category. Size of alewives found in lake trout stomachs increased with increasing lake trout size. Faster growth of juvenile lake trout on Six Fathom Bank and Yankee Reef than on Sheboygan Reef in Lake Michigan was attributed to greater availability of small alewives on the offshore reefs in Lake Huron. Our findings indicated that alewives inhabited Six Fathom Bank and Yankee Reef during spring and summer months. Thus, our study provided support for the contention that alewives may have interfered with natural reproduction by lake trout on these offshore reef complexes in Lake Huron.
","language":"English","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C., Holuszko, J., and Desorcie, T., 2006, Spring-summer diet of lake trout on Six Fathom Bank and Yankee Reef in Lake Huron: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 32, no. 2, p. 200-208.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"208","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237148,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b962ce4b08c986b31b33c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holuszko, J.D.","contributorId":54786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holuszko","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Desorcie, T.J.","contributorId":96442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desorcie","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":85612,"text":"85612 - 2006 - Recurring waterbird mortalities and unusual etiologies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T15:59:47","indexId":"85612","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"chapter":"4.2.6","title":"Recurring waterbird mortalities and unusual etiologies","docAbstract":"Over the last decade, the National Wildlife Health Center of the United States Geological Survey has documented various largescale mortalities of birds caused by infectious and non-infectious disease agents. Some of these mortality events have unusual or unidentified etiologies and have been recurring. While some of the causes of mortalities have been elucidated, others remain in various stages of investigation and identification. Two examples are discussed: 1) Leyogonimus polyoon (Class: Trematoda), not found in the New World until 1999, causes severe enteritis and has killed over 15 000 American Coot Fulica americana in the upper mid-western United States. The geographic range of this parasite within North America is predicted to be limited to the Great Lakes Basin. 2) In the early 1990s, estimates of up to 6% of the North American population of the Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis died at Salton Sea, California, with smaller mortalities occurring throughout the 1990s. Birds were observed to have unusual preening behaviour, and to congregate at freshwater drains and move onto land. Suggested etiologies included interactions of contaminants, immuno-suppression, an unusual form of a bacterial disease, and an unknown biotoxin. During studies carried out from 2000 to 2003, Eared Grebe mortality did not approach the level seen in the early 1990s and, although bacteria were identified as minor factors, the principal cause of mortality remains undetermined. The potential population impact of these emerging and novel disease agents is currently unknown.
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C.","contributorId":111405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boere","given":"Gerard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504564,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galbraith, Colin A.","contributorId":113310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galbraith","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504565,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stroud, David A.","contributorId":113852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stroud","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504566,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Cole, Rebecca A. 0000-0003-2923-1622 rcole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1622","contributorId":2873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Rebecca","email":"rcole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":177499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028101,"text":"70028101 - 2006 - Instantaneous unit hydrograph evaluation for rainfall-runoff modeling of small watersheds in North and South Central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70028101","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2362,"text":"Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Instantaneous unit hydrograph evaluation for rainfall-runoff modeling of small watersheds in North and South Central Texas","docAbstract":"Data from over 1,600 storms at 91 stations in Texas are analyzed to evaluate an instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) model for rainfall-runoff models. The model is fit to observed data using two different merit functions: a sum of squared errors function, and an absolute error at the peak discharge time (QpMAX) function. The model is compared to two other models using several criteria. Analysis suggests that the Natural Resources Conservation Service Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph, Commons' Texas hydrograph, and the Rayleigh IUH perform similarly. As the NRCS and Commons' models are tabulations, the Rayleigh model is an adequate substitute when a continuous model is necessary. The adjustable shape parameter in the Rayleigh model does not make any dramatic improvement in overall performance for these data, thus fixed shape hydrographs are adequate for these watersheds. ?? 2006 ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2006)132:5(479)","issn":"07339437","usgsCitation":"Cleveland, T., He, X., Asquith, W., Fang, X., and Thompson, D., 2006, Instantaneous unit hydrograph evaluation for rainfall-runoff modeling of small watersheds in North and South Central Texas: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, v. 132, no. 5, p. 479-485, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2006)132:5(479).","startPage":"479","endPage":"485","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210307,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2006)132:5(479)"},{"id":237191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c29e4b0c8380cd62b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleveland, T.G.","contributorId":40094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"He, X.","contributorId":85540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Asquith, W.H.","contributorId":87980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fang, X.","contributorId":32288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, D.B.","contributorId":74418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70028247,"text":"70028247 - 2006 - A landscape perspective of the stream corridor invasion and habitat characteristics of an exotic (Dioscorea oppositifolia) in a pristine watershed in Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-21T10:27:14","indexId":"70028247","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A landscape perspective of the stream corridor invasion and habitat characteristics of an exotic (Dioscorea oppositifolia) in a pristine watershed in Illinois","title":"A landscape perspective of the stream corridor invasion and habitat characteristics of an exotic (Dioscorea oppositifolia) in a pristine watershed in Illinois","docAbstract":"The spatial distribution of exotics across riparian landscapes is not uniform, and research elaborating the environmental constraints and dispersal behavior that underlie these patterns of distribution is warranted. This study examined the spatial distribution, growth patterns, and habitat constraints of populations of the invasive Dioscorea oppositifolia in a forested stream corridor of a tributary of Drury Creek in Giant City State Park, IL. The distribution of D. oppositifolia was determined at the watershed scale mainly by floodplain structure and connectivity. Populations of D. oppositifolia were confined to the floodplain, with overbank flooding from the stream. Dioscorea oppositifolia probably originates in disturbed areas upstream of natural corridors, and subsequently, the species disperses downstream into pristine canyons or ravines via bulbils dispersing in the water. In Giant City State Park, populations of D. oppositifolia were distributed on the floodplain across broad gradients of soil texture, light, slope, and potential radiation. The study also examined the longevity of bulbils in various micro-environments to illuminate strategies for the management of the species in invaded watersheds. After 1 year, the highest percentages of bulbils were viable under leaves, and much lower percentages were viable over leaves, in soil, and in the creek (76.0±6.8, 21.2±9.6, 21.6±3.6, and 5.2±5.2%), respectively. This study suggests that management procedures that reduce leaf litter on the forest floor (e.g., prescribed burning) could reduce the number of bulbils of D. oppositifolia stored in the watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-005-8155-5","issn":"13873547","usgsCitation":"Thomas, J., Middleton, B., and Gibson, D., 2006, A landscape perspective of the stream corridor invasion and habitat characteristics of an exotic (Dioscorea oppositifolia) in a pristine watershed in Illinois: Biological Invasions, v. 8, no. 5, p. 1103-1113, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-005-8155-5.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1103","endPage":"1113","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Makanda","otherGeospatial":"Drury Creek, Giant City State Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.22306060791016,\n 37.55138234931889\n ],\n [\n -89.13002014160156,\n 37.55138234931889\n ],\n [\n -89.13002014160156,\n 37.61967039695652\n ],\n [\n -89.22306060791016,\n 37.61967039695652\n ],\n [\n -89.22306060791016,\n 37.55138234931889\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e431e4b0c8380cd464b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, J.R.","contributorId":64011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Middleton, B. 0000-0002-1220-2326","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":29939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":417222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibson, D.J.","contributorId":65822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028274,"text":"70028274 - 2006 - Overview of investigations into mercury in ground water, soils, and septage, New Jersey coastal plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-21T10:44:57","indexId":"70028274","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Overview of investigations into mercury in ground water, soils, and septage, New Jersey coastal plain","docAbstract":"Since the early 1980s, investigations by health departments of eight counties in southern New Jersey, by the NJ Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), and subsequently by the US Geological Survey (USGS), have shown that Hg concentrations in water tapped by about 600 domestic wells exceed the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 2 μg/L. The wells are finished in the areally extensive unconfined Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system of New Jersey's Coastal Plain; background concentrations of Hg in water from this system are < 0.01 μg/L. Evidence of contributions from point sources of Hg, such as landfills or commercial and industrial hazardous-waste sites, is lacking. During 1996–2003, the USGS collected water samples from 203 domestic, irrigation, observation, and production wells using ultraclean techniques; septage, leach-field effluent, soils, and aquifer sediments also were sampled. Elevated concentrations of NH4, B, Cl, NO3, and Na and presence of surfactants in domestic-well water indicate that septic-system effluent can affect water quality in unsewered residential areas, but neither septage nor effluent appears to be a major Hg source. Detections of hydrogen sulfide in ground water at a residential area indicate localized reducing conditions; undetectable SO4 concentrations in water from other residential areas indicate that reducing conditions, which could be conducive to Hg methylation, may be common locally. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mostly chlorinated solvents, also are found in ground water at the affected areas, but statistically significant associations between presence of Hg and VOCs were absent for most areas evaluated. Hg concentrations are lower in some filtered water samples than in paired unfiltered samples, likely indicating that some Hg is associated with particles or colloids. The source of colloids may be soils, which, when undisturbed, contain higher concentrations of Hg than do disturbed soils and aquifer sediments. Soil disturbance during residential development and inputs from septic systems are hypothesized to mobilize Hg from soils to ground water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-006-9130-1","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Barringer, J.L., and Szabo, Z., 2006, Overview of investigations into mercury in ground water, soils, and septage, New Jersey coastal plain: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 175, no. 1-4, p. 193-221, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-006-9130-1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"221","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.28955078125,\n 40.53258931069554\n ],\n [\n -74.41314697265625,\n 40.53050177574321\n ],\n [\n -74.8004150390625,\n 40.18516846826054\n ],\n [\n -75.07507324218749,\n 39.97922477476731\n ],\n [\n -75.14923095703125,\n 39.8992015115692\n ],\n [\n -75.223388671875,\n 39.857046423130654\n ],\n [\n -75.399169921875,\n 39.838068180000015\n ],\n [\n -75.56396484375,\n 39.65011210186371\n ],\n [\n -75.5474853515625,\n 39.480725519034394\n ],\n [\n -75.15472412109375,\n 39.20033381963202\n ],\n [\n -74.97344970703124,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -74.893798828125,\n 39.16839998800286\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 38.9380483825641\n ],\n [\n -74.8828125,\n 38.90813299596705\n ],\n [\n -74.35546875,\n 39.41497702499074\n ],\n [\n -74.05334472656249,\n 39.787433886224406\n ],\n [\n -73.948974609375,\n 40.44276659332215\n ],\n [\n -74.014892578125,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n -74.278564453125,\n 40.48038142908172\n ],\n [\n -74.28955078125,\n 40.53258931069554\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"175","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7210e4b0c8380cd768e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barringer, J. L.","contributorId":13994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Szabo, Zoltan 0000-0002-0760-9607 zszabo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":2240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Zoltan","email":"zszabo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":417349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028588,"text":"70028588 - 2006 - Aquatic habitats of Canaan Valley, West Virginia: Diversity and environmental threats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028588","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic habitats of Canaan Valley, West Virginia: Diversity and environmental threats","docAbstract":"We conducted surveys of aquatic habitats during the spring and summer of 1995 in Canaan Valley, WV, to describe the diversity of aquatic habitats in the valley and identify issues that may threaten the viability of aquatic species. We assessed physical habitat and water chemistry of 126 ponds and 82 stream sites, and related habitat characteristics to landscape variables such as geology and terrain. Based on our analyses, we found two issues likely to affect the viability of aquatic populations in the valley. The first issue was acid rain and the extent to which it potentially limits the distribution of aquatic and semi-aquatic species, particularly in headwater portions of the watershed. We estimate that nearly 46%, or 56 kilometers of stream, had pH levels that would not support survival and reproduction of Salvelinuw fontinalis (brook trout), one of the most acid-tolerant fishes in the eastern US. The second issue was the influence of Castor canadensis (beaver) activity. In the Canaan Valley State Park portion of the valley, beaver have transformed 4.7 kilometers of stream (approximately 17% of the total) to pond habitat through their dam building. This has resulted in an increase in pond habitat, a decrease in stream habitat, and a fragmented stream network (i.e., beaver ponds dispersed among stream reaches). In addition, beaver have eliminated an undetermined amount of forested riparian area through their foraging activities. Depending on the perspective, beaver-mediated changes can be viewed as positive or negative. Increases in pond habitat may increase habitat heterogeneity with consequent increases in biological diversity. In contrast, flooding associated with beaver activity may eliminate lowland wetlands and associated species, create barriers to fish dispersal, and possibly contribute to low dissolved oxygen levels in the Blackwater River. We recommend that future management strategies for the wildlife refuge be viewed in the context of these two issues, and that the responses of multiple assemblages be incorporated in the design of refuge management plans.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/1092-6194(2006)13[333:AHOCVW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Snyder, C., Young, J., and Stout, B.M., 2006, Aquatic habitats of Canaan Valley, West Virginia: Diversity and environmental threats: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 13, no. 3, p. 333-352, https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2006)13[333:AHOCVW]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"333","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209629,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2006)13[333:AHOCVW]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed0ee4b0c8380cd495cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, C.D.","contributorId":73540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, J.A. 0000-0002-4500-3673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3673","contributorId":37674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stout, B. M. III","contributorId":45499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stout","given":"B.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}