{"pageNumber":"2463","pageRowStart":"61550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68807,"records":[{"id":70227276,"text":"70227276 - 1971 - Coronadite — Modes of occurrence and origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T20:17:58.416727","indexId":"70227276","displayToPublicDate":"1971-02-01T13:32:04","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coronadite — Modes of occurrence and origin","docAbstract":"

The lead manganate, \"coronadite,\" was first recognized at the Coronado mine in the Morenci district, Arizona, by Lindgren in 1903. Several years later, the identity of the mineral was questioned and it was not until 1932 that Orcel recognized it in material from Morocco. Since 1955, the mineral has been recognized at numerous places; in the USSR, east of the Ural Mountains, in several districts in Morocco, England, Australia, and India. In recent years, coronadite had been identified at numerous localities in New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California by the writer and others. At this time, it has been identified at 22 localities, and in the opinion of this writer, it will be found at many more places if it is sought for carefully.

Author's review of the known occurrences of coronadite and interpretation of the modes of geologic environment show that the mineral is found in veins and hot spring aprons, where it seems to have been deposited by hydrothermal waters from depth and that it is one of the manganese oxide minerals deposited as sediments. Probably it is more widely found in assemblages of minerals of supergene origin.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.1.164","usgsCitation":"Hewett, D.F., 1971, Coronadite — Modes of occurrence and origin: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 1, p. 164-177, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.1.164.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"177","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia, Bulgaria, England, France, India, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Morocco, Russia, Spain, Sweden, United States, Uzbekistan","state":"Arizona, Asturias, California, Chihuahua, Durango, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, New South Wales, Savoy","county":"Cumberland County","otherGeospatial":"Transbaikalia, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 40.863679665481676\n ],\n [\n -124.56298828125001,\n 40.53050177574321\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -123.94775390625,\n 39.690280594818034\n ],\n [\n -123.94775390625,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -123.06884765625,\n 38.20365531807149\n ],\n [\n -123.11279296875001,\n 37.87485339352928\n ],\n [\n -122.62939453125001,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -122.49755859375,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -122.01416015625,\n 36.27970720524017\n ],\n [\n -120.78369140624999,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -120.87158203125,\n 34.542762387234845\n ],\n [\n -120.673828125,\n 34.379712580462204\n ],\n [\n -119.59716796875,\n 34.288991865037524\n ],\n [\n -119.3115234375,\n 34.016241889667015\n ],\n [\n -118.67431640625,\n 33.96158628979907\n ],\n [\n -118.5205078125,\n 33.7243396617476\n ],\n [\n -117.68554687499999,\n 33.30298618122413\n ],\n [\n -117.22412109375,\n 32.52828936482526\n ],\n [\n -114.80712890625,\n 32.713355353177555\n ],\n [\n -114.89501953124999,\n 32.509761735919426\n ],\n [\n -111.1376953125,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -108.80859375,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -108.91845703124999,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -108.91845703124999,\n 30.996445897426373\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -108.74267578125,\n 30.44867367928756\n ],\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 29.286398892934763\n ],\n [\n -108.80859375,\n 28.8831596093235\n ],\n [\n -108.5888671875,\n 28.478348692223165\n ],\n [\n -109.27001953125,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n -108.720703125,\n 27.352252938063845\n ],\n [\n -108.7646484375,\n 27.235094607795503\n ],\n [\n -108.61083984375,\n 26.902476886279832\n ],\n [\n -108.12744140625,\n 26.80446076654616\n ],\n [\n -108.17138671875,\n 26.60817437403311\n ],\n [\n -107.86376953125,\n 26.09625490696853\n ],\n [\n -107.46826171874999,\n 26.03704188651584\n ],\n [\n -107.11669921875,\n 25.720735134412106\n ],\n [\n -107.2705078125,\n 25.562265014427492\n ],\n [\n -107.24853515625,\n 25.085598897064752\n ],\n [\n -106.63330078125,\n 24.387127324604496\n ],\n [\n -106.2158203125,\n 24.246964554300924\n ],\n [\n -105.71044921875,\n 23.160563309048314\n ],\n [\n -105.380859375,\n 22.87744046489713\n ],\n [\n -105.05126953124999,\n 22.87744046489713\n ],\n [\n -105.18310546875,\n 22.715390019335942\n ],\n [\n -105.0732421875,\n 22.411028521558706\n ],\n [\n -104.80957031249999,\n 22.51255695405145\n ],\n [\n -104.52392578125,\n 22.30942584120019\n ],\n [\n -104.34814453125,\n 22.350075806124867\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 22.715390019335942\n ],\n [\n -103.99658203125,\n 23.40276490540795\n ],\n [\n -103.7548828125,\n 23.563987128451217\n ],\n [\n -103.6669921875,\n 24.00632619875113\n ],\n [\n -103.35937499999999,\n 24.367113562651262\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 24.387127324604496\n ],\n [\n -102.4365234375,\n 24.307053283225915\n ],\n [\n -102.37060546875,\n 24.56710835257599\n ],\n [\n -102.6123046875,\n 25.16517336866393\n ],\n [\n -102.87597656249999,\n 24.86650252692691\n ],\n [\n -103.38134765625,\n 25.284437746983055\n ],\n [\n -103.24951171875,\n 25.3241665257384\n ],\n [\n -103.24951171875,\n 25.70093788144426\n ],\n [\n -103.24951171875,\n 26.115985925333536\n ],\n [\n -103.1396484375,\n 26.509904531413927\n ],\n [\n -103.623046875,\n 26.82407078047018\n ],\n [\n -103.88671875,\n 28.14950321154457\n ],\n [\n -103.22753906249999,\n 29.11377539511439\n ],\n [\n -104.67773437499999,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -104.765625,\n 30.675715404167743\n ],\n [\n -106.4794921875,\n 31.690781806136822\n ],\n [\n -106.3916015625,\n 31.914867503276223\n ],\n [\n -103.0078125,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -102.9638671875,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -116.12548828124999,\n 47.97521412341618\n ],\n [\n -115.83984375,\n 47.56170075451973\n ],\n [\n -115.97167968750001,\n 47.39834920035926\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 46.604167162931844\n ],\n [\n -114.47753906249999,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 45.598665689820635\n ],\n [\n -114.43359375,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -113.97216796875,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -113.57666015625,\n 44.91813929958515\n ],\n [\n -113.15917968749999,\n 44.5435052132082\n ],\n [\n -112.8515625,\n 44.32384807250689\n ],\n [\n -112.2802734375,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 44.49650533109348\n ],\n [\n -111.4013671875,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 44.96479793033101\n ],\n [\n -104.04052734375,\n 44.94924926661153\n ],\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 48.99463598353405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -6.976318359375,\n 43.61221676817573\n ],\n [\n -7.250976562499999,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -7.00927734375,\n 43.100982876188546\n ],\n [\n -6.921386718749999,\n 42.88401467044253\n ],\n [\n -6.712646484375,\n 42.827638636242284\n ],\n [\n -6.2841796875,\n 42.98053954751642\n ],\n [\n -6.0205078125,\n 43.004647127794435\n ],\n [\n -5.80078125,\n 42.91620643817353\n ],\n [\n -5.6689453125,\n 43.01268088642034\n ],\n [\n -5.44921875,\n 43.01268088642034\n ],\n [\n -5.2294921875,\n 43.04480541304369\n ],\n [\n -4.9658203125,\n 43.18915769654922\n ],\n [\n -4.8779296875,\n 43.20917969039356\n ],\n [\n -4.8614501953125,\n 43.16912913272099\n ],\n [\n -4.7186279296875,\n 43.16912913272099\n ],\n [\n -4.7076416015625,\n 43.25320494908846\n ],\n [\n -4.515380859375,\n 43.257205668363206\n ],\n [\n -4.5098876953125,\n 43.393073720674415\n ],\n [\n -4.89990234375,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -5.3009033203125,\n 43.55252937447483\n ],\n [\n -5.44921875,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -5.6634521484375,\n 43.58039085560784\n ],\n [\n -5.817260742187499,\n 43.691707903073805\n ],\n [\n -5.899658203125,\n 43.667871610117494\n ],\n [\n -6.119384765624999,\n 43.59232754538541\n ],\n [\n -6.2347412109375,\n 43.632099415557754\n ],\n [\n -6.976318359375,\n 43.61221676817573\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 5.943603515625,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n 7.22900390625,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n 7.22900390625,\n 45.72152152227954\n ],\n [\n 5.943603515625,\n 45.72152152227954\n ],\n [\n 5.943603515625,\n 44.99588261816546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -4.735107421875,\n 50.18393346184497\n ],\n [\n -3.4606933593749996,\n 50.18393346184497\n ],\n [\n -3.4606933593749996,\n 51.248163159055906\n ],\n [\n -4.735107421875,\n 51.248163159055906\n ],\n [\n -4.735107421875,\n 50.18393346184497\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 13.6669921875,\n 63.41119772365924\n ],\n [\n 23.90625,\n 63.41119772365924\n ],\n [\n 23.90625,\n 68.98992503056704\n ],\n [\n 13.6669921875,\n 68.98992503056704\n ],\n [\n 13.6669921875,\n 63.41119772365924\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 22.763671875,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n 24.345703125,\n 41.343824581185686\n ],\n [\n 24.873046874999996,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n 26.2353515625,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n 26.323242187499996,\n 41.50857729743935\n ],\n [\n 27.0703125,\n 41.86956082699455\n ],\n [\n 27.6416015625,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n 28.256835937499996,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n 28.037109375,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n 28.125,\n 43.229195113965005\n ],\n [\n 28.652343749999996,\n 43.229195113965005\n ],\n [\n 28.696289062499996,\n 43.77109381775651\n ],\n [\n 27.509765625,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n 26.323242187499996,\n 44.213709909702054\n ],\n [\n 25.444335937499996,\n 43.8028187190472\n ],\n [\n 24.2578125,\n 43.866218006556394\n ],\n [\n 23.3349609375,\n 44.11914151643737\n ],\n [\n 22.4560546875,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n 22.148437499999996,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n 22.631835937499996,\n 43.16512263158296\n ],\n [\n 22.2802734375,\n 42.90816007196054\n ],\n [\n 22.060546874999996,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n 22.67578125,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n 22.763671875,\n 41.376808565702355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -13.447265624999998,\n 27.605670826465445\n ],\n [\n -8.5693359375,\n 27.68352808378776\n ],\n [\n -8.61328125,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -7.207031249999999,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -5.361328125,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -4.7021484375,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -3.515625,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -3.427734375,\n 31.12819929911196\n ],\n [\n -3.5595703125,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -1.23046875,\n 31.87755764334002\n ],\n [\n -0.9667968749999999,\n 32.43561304116276\n ],\n [\n -1.40625,\n 32.879587173066305\n ],\n [\n -1.8017578124999998,\n 35.17380831799959\n ],\n [\n -2.900390625,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -4.130859375,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -4.921875,\n 35.460669951495305\n ],\n [\n -5.185546875,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -6.1962890625,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -6.240234374999999,\n 35.28150065789119\n ],\n [\n -7.0751953125,\n 34.016241889667015\n ],\n [\n -8.876953125,\n 33.394759218577995\n ],\n [\n -9.7998046875,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -10.1513671875,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -9.7998046875,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n -11.7333984375,\n 28.536274512989916\n ],\n [\n -13.447265624999998,\n 27.605670826465445\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 52.119140625,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n 54.140625,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n 55.1513671875,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n 57.39257812499999,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n 57.3486328125,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n 58.75488281249999,\n 42.45588764197166\n ],\n [\n 59.765625,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n 60.16113281250001,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n 61.65527343749999,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n 62.05078125,\n 40.04443758460856\n ],\n [\n 65.7861328125,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n 66.3134765625,\n 37.579412513438385\n ],\n [\n 67.763671875,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n 68.5107421875,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n 68.2470703125,\n 39.095962936305476\n ],\n [\n 67.7197265625,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n 68.818359375,\n 39.36827914916014\n ],\n [\n 69.3896484375,\n 40.413496049701955\n ],\n [\n 70.4443359375,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n 69.2578125,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n 72.2021484375,\n 40.17887331434696\n ],\n [\n 73.3447265625,\n 40.88029480552824\n ],\n [\n 70.48828125,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n 71.3671875,\n 42.35854391749705\n ],\n [\n 71.455078125,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n 73.564453125,\n 42.261049162113856\n ],\n [\n 73.65234375,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n 75.673828125,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n 76.0693359375,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n 78.9697265625,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n 80.4638671875,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n 80.5078125,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n 81.0791015625,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n 80.4638671875,\n 44.902577996288876\n ],\n [\n 81.6064453125,\n 45.1510532655634\n ],\n [\n 82.705078125,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n 82.5732421875,\n 45.706179285330855\n ],\n [\n 83.1005859375,\n 46.98025235521883\n ],\n [\n 84.72656249999999,\n 46.73986059969267\n ],\n [\n 85.8251953125,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n 85.78125,\n 47.989921667414194\n ],\n [\n 85.9130859375,\n 48.28319289548349\n ],\n [\n 86.8798828125,\n 48.516604348867475\n ],\n [\n 87.099609375,\n 49.06666839558117\n ],\n [\n 87.3193359375,\n 49.439556958940855\n ],\n [\n 86.7041015625,\n 50.00773901463687\n ],\n [\n 86.17675781249999,\n 49.66762782262194\n ],\n [\n 85.25390625,\n 49.83798245308484\n ],\n [\n 85.166015625,\n 50.20503326494332\n ],\n [\n 84.55078125,\n 50.3734961443035\n ],\n [\n 83.7158203125,\n 51.12421275782688\n ],\n [\n 83.056640625,\n 51.23440735163459\n ],\n [\n 82.30957031249999,\n 50.98609893339354\n ],\n [\n 81.6064453125,\n 50.958426723359935\n ],\n [\n 81.123046875,\n 51.45400691005982\n ],\n [\n 80.4638671875,\n 51.42661449707482\n ],\n [\n 80.0244140625,\n 50.93073802371819\n ],\n [\n 77.9150390625,\n 53.409531853086435\n ],\n [\n 76.7724609375,\n 54.00776876193478\n ],\n [\n 77.16796875,\n 54.59752785211386\n ],\n [\n 76.1572265625,\n 54.44449176335762\n ],\n [\n 74.2236328125,\n 53.85252660044951\n ],\n [\n 73.65234375,\n 53.67068019347264\n ],\n [\n 73.95996093749999,\n 54.23955053156177\n ],\n [\n 73.3447265625,\n 54.213861000644926\n ],\n [\n 71.89453125,\n 54.59752785211386\n ],\n [\n 71.455078125,\n 54.36775852406841\n ],\n [\n 71.5869140625,\n 54.7246201949245\n ],\n [\n 70.927734375,\n 55.47885346331034\n ],\n [\n 70.224609375,\n 55.35413531021057\n ],\n [\n 68.8623046875,\n 55.62799595426723\n ],\n [\n 68.115234375,\n 55.15376626853556\n ],\n [\n 65.1708984375,\n 54.6992335284814\n ],\n [\n 61.04003906249999,\n 54.213861000644926\n ],\n [\n 60.732421875,\n 53.64463782485651\n ],\n [\n 60.9521484375,\n 53.199451902831555\n ],\n [\n 61.8310546875,\n 53.067626642387374\n ],\n [\n 60.8203125,\n 53.067626642387374\n ],\n [\n 60.3369140625,\n 52.77618568896171\n ],\n [\n 60.77636718749999,\n 52.32191088594773\n ],\n [\n 59.67773437500001,\n 51.998410382390325\n ],\n [\n 60.20507812499999,\n 51.6180165487737\n ],\n [\n 61.34765625,\n 51.26191485308451\n ],\n [\n 61.17187499999999,\n 50.90303283111257\n ],\n [\n 60.029296875,\n 51.01375465718821\n ],\n [\n 59.67773437500001,\n 50.792047064406866\n ],\n [\n 58.447265625,\n 51.37178037591737\n ],\n [\n 56.4697265625,\n 51.34433866059924\n ],\n [\n 55.72265625,\n 50.819818262156545\n ],\n [\n 54.84375,\n 51.28940590271679\n ],\n [\n 53.4814453125,\n 51.67255514839674\n ],\n [\n 52.0751953125,\n 51.944264879028765\n ],\n [\n 50.71289062499999,\n 51.91716758909015\n ],\n [\n 49.2626953125,\n 51.26191485308451\n ],\n [\n 48.3837890625,\n 50.819818262156545\n ],\n [\n 48.603515625,\n 50.035973672195496\n ],\n [\n 47.50488281249999,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n 47.0654296875,\n 50.20503326494332\n ],\n [\n 46.4501953125,\n 49.410973199695846\n ],\n [\n 46.494140625,\n 49.26780455063753\n ],\n [\n 46.142578125,\n 48.516604348867475\n ],\n [\n 46.845703125,\n 48.1367666796927\n ],\n [\n 46.8896484375,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n 47.98828124999999,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n 49.130859375,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n 50.9326171875,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n 51.8115234375,\n 46.76996843356982\n ],\n [\n 52.5146484375,\n 46.9502622421856\n ],\n [\n 53.0419921875,\n 46.437856895024204\n ],\n [\n 52.734375,\n 45.79816953017265\n ],\n [\n 51.2841796875,\n 45.521743896993634\n ],\n [\n 49.92187499999999,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n 50.88867187499999,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n 50.9765625,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n 52.33886718749999,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n 52.119140625,\n 41.64007838467894\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 97.03125,\n 51.069016659603896\n ],\n [\n 112.412109375,\n 51.069016659603896\n ],\n [\n 112.412109375,\n 59.88893689676585\n ],\n [\n 97.03125,\n 59.88893689676585\n ],\n [\n 97.03125,\n 51.069016659603896\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 77.255859375,\n 7.798078531355303\n ],\n [\n 79.1455078125,\n 8.971897294083014\n ],\n [\n 79.98046875,\n 10.055402736564236\n ],\n [\n 80.5078125,\n 11.049038346537106\n ],\n [\n 80.6396484375,\n 12.85464890558895\n ],\n [\n 80.2880859375,\n 14.349547837185362\n ],\n [\n 80.5517578125,\n 15.580710739162123\n ],\n [\n 81.0791015625,\n 15.496032414238634\n ],\n [\n 81.298828125,\n 16.130262012034756\n ],\n [\n 82.4853515625,\n 16.3833911236084\n ],\n [\n 82.4853515625,\n 16.97274101999902\n ],\n [\n 83.4521484375,\n 17.476432197195518\n ],\n [\n 85.25390625,\n 19.352610894378625\n ],\n [\n 87.0556640625,\n 20.427012814257385\n ],\n [\n 87.0556640625,\n 21.12549763660628\n ],\n [\n 87.62695312499999,\n 21.53484700204879\n ],\n [\n 88.2861328125,\n 21.4121622297254\n ],\n [\n 91.0986328125,\n 21.90227796666864\n ],\n [\n 91.40625,\n 22.268764039073968\n ],\n [\n 91.669921875,\n 21.4121622297254\n ],\n [\n 92.28515625,\n 20.427012814257385\n ],\n [\n 93.251953125,\n 21.861498734372567\n ],\n [\n 93.4716796875,\n 22.836945920943855\n ],\n [\n 93.603515625,\n 23.805449612314625\n ],\n [\n 94.1748046875,\n 23.725011735951796\n ],\n [\n 95.1416015625,\n 25.48295117535531\n ],\n [\n 95.185546875,\n 26.43122806450644\n ],\n [\n 96.50390625,\n 27.059125784374068\n ],\n [\n 97.3828125,\n 27.059125784374068\n ],\n [\n 97.55859375,\n 28.188243641850313\n ],\n [\n 96.3720703125,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n 94.3505859375,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n 91.40625,\n 27.994401411046148\n ],\n [\n 92.0654296875,\n 27.137368359795584\n ],\n [\n 88.9892578125,\n 27.059125784374068\n ],\n [\n 89.12109375,\n 28.07198030177986\n ],\n [\n 87.978515625,\n 28.188243641850313\n ],\n [\n 88.0224609375,\n 26.588527147308614\n ],\n [\n 86.8359375,\n 26.82407078047018\n ],\n [\n 84.462890625,\n 27.761329874505233\n ],\n [\n 83.232421875,\n 27.800209937418252\n ],\n [\n 80.33203125,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n 81.123046875,\n 30.44867367928756\n ],\n [\n 79.0576171875,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n 78.9697265625,\n 32.175612478499325\n ],\n [\n 79.6728515625,\n 32.65787573695528\n ],\n [\n 78.9697265625,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n 79.27734374999999,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n 79.98046875,\n 34.45221847282654\n ],\n [\n 80.7275390625,\n 35.53222622770337\n ],\n [\n 79.40917968749999,\n 36.31512514748051\n ],\n [\n 77.6513671875,\n 35.71083783530009\n ],\n [\n 75.146484375,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n 73.7841796875,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n 72.24609375,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n 73.916015625,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n 73.1689453125,\n 34.70549341022544\n ],\n [\n 73.4326171875,\n 33.137551192346145\n ],\n [\n 74.92675781249999,\n 32.43561304116276\n ],\n [\n 73.30078125,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n 71.806640625,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n 70.8837890625,\n 27.994401411046148\n ],\n [\n 70.048828125,\n 28.265682390146477\n ],\n [\n 69.0380859375,\n 26.902476886279832\n ],\n [\n 70.7080078125,\n 24.56710835257599\n ],\n [\n 70.0048828125,\n 24.327076540018634\n ],\n [\n 69.3017578125,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n 68.02734375,\n 23.96617587126503\n ],\n [\n 68.64257812499999,\n 22.228090416784486\n ],\n [\n 70.400390625,\n 20.3034175184893\n ],\n [\n 72.0703125,\n 20.96143961409684\n ],\n [\n 72.333984375,\n 21.69826549685252\n ],\n [\n 72.5537109375,\n 20.673905264672843\n ],\n [\n 72.24609375,\n 19.72534224805787\n ],\n [\n 73.125,\n 16.172472808397515\n ],\n [\n 74.7509765625,\n 12.297068292853817\n ],\n [\n 76.201171875,\n 9.015302333420598\n ],\n [\n 77.255859375,\n 7.798078531355303\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 140.888671875,\n -33.9433599465788\n ],\n [\n 142.8662109375,\n -35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n 144.6240234375,\n -36.35052700542763\n ],\n [\n 145.1513671875,\n -36.06686213257887\n ],\n [\n 146.95312499999997,\n -36.42128244364948\n ],\n [\n 147.6123046875,\n -36.10237644873643\n ],\n [\n 147.9638671875,\n -36.80928470205938\n ],\n [\n 150.1171875,\n -37.71859032558814\n ],\n [\n 150.0732421875,\n -37.0551771066608\n ],\n [\n 150.7763671875,\n -35.6037187406973\n ],\n [\n 151.611328125,\n -33.97980872872456\n ],\n [\n 152.4462890625,\n -32.8795871730663\n ],\n [\n 153.0615234375,\n -31.653381399663985\n ],\n [\n 153.8525390625,\n -29.075375179558346\n ],\n [\n 153.7646484375,\n -27.955591004642528\n ],\n [\n 152.0068359375,\n -28.22697003891834\n ],\n [\n 151.8310546875,\n -28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n 151.435546875,\n -28.84467368077178\n ],\n [\n 151.083984375,\n -28.420391085674304\n ],\n [\n 149.326171875,\n -28.22697003891834\n ],\n [\n 148.974609375,\n -28.76765910569124\n ],\n [\n 140.888671875,\n -28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n 140.888671875,\n -33.9433599465788\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hewett, D. F.","contributorId":19927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hewett","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227300,"text":"70227300 - 1971 - Residual enrichment and supergene transport of gold, Calhoun mine, Lumpkin County, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T17:40:10.07289","indexId":"70227300","displayToPublicDate":"1971-02-01T11:30:33","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residual enrichment and supergene transport of gold, Calhoun mine, Lumpkin County, Georgia","docAbstract":"

Gold is present in weathered wall rock and quartz veins of the opencut of the Calhoun mine, Lumpkin County, Georgia. Eleven samples of mica schist saprolite contain 0.02 to 0.1 parts per million (ppm) gold and three samples of weathered vein quartz, 0.04 to 0.6 ppm (limit of detection is 0.02 ppm). Gold was not found in any of the 18 samples of fresh mica schist and was found in only 3 of 16 samples of fresh vein quartz from underground workings 40-100 feet below the opencut.

Whole-rock chemical analyses of the unweathered schist and schist saprolite show large losses of minor elements and addition of water during weathering. The average specific gravity of the unweathered schist is 2.8 and of the schist saprolite, 1.65. The chemical analyses recalculated to weight per volume show a loss during weathering of large amounts of all major constituents including silica, alumina, and total iron. Of the minor elements, gold and arsenic show the most residual enrichment, but boron, beryllium, cobalt, lanthanum, niobium, nickel, lead, zinc, and zirconium show some enrichment in the saprolite as compared with the fresh rock. Most of the other minor elements have been at least partly removed, the greatest loss being shown by calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, and strontium. Fresh limonite coating the wall of the adit contains 2.9 ppm gold and appreciable amounts of these elements leached from the schist, particularly barium, calcium, and manganese.

Some layers of unweathered schist contain as much as 1 percent gold-bearing pyrite and may have a gold content of 0.01 and 0.02 ppm, or just at or below the limit of detection. Loss of 30 to 45 percent of the rock during weathering increases the gold content above the lower limit of detection. The gold in recently deposited limonite shows that some gold is also being transported with iron during weathering. If a concentration of limonite were found near the water table, it might be expected to show supergene enrichment in gold.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.1.178","usgsCitation":"Lesure, F.G., 1971, Residual enrichment and supergene transport of gold, Calhoun mine, Lumpkin County, Georgia: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 1, p. 178-186, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.1.178.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"178","endPage":"186","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394030,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Lumpkin County","otherGeospatial":"Calhoun mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.98949146270752,\n 34.48614858976135\n ],\n [\n -83.96824836730956,\n 34.48614858976135\n ],\n [\n -83.96824836730956,\n 34.508254118465544\n ],\n [\n -83.98949146270752,\n 34.508254118465544\n ],\n [\n -83.98949146270752,\n 34.48614858976135\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lesure, Frank G.","contributorId":20068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesure","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227334,"text":"70227334 - 1971 - Application of an acoustic streamflow-measuring system on the Columbia River at The Dalles, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T15:32:14.289249","indexId":"70227334","displayToPublicDate":"1971-02-01T09:25:41","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of an acoustic streamflow-measuring system on the Columbia River at The Dalles, Oregon","docAbstract":"

The need for accurate, independent records of flow on the Columbia River at The Dalles, Oregon, has been met by the installation of an acoustic streamflow-measuring system. This device provides an index of the velocity of flow by measuring the difference in traveltimes of acoustic pulses transmitted through the water in each direction along a diagonal path across the river. The flow of water along the path increases the speed of one signal and retards the speed of the other. The difference in time of travel is related linearly to the water velocity along the path. Installation of the system, which is the first application of an acoustic flowmeter in a large natural channel, was completed in April 1969. It has been in continuous operation since that date. The velocity index and water-surface elevation are used as a two-variable index in the computation of flow. These variables, correlated against current-meter measurements made by use of specialized boat equipment, provide a reliable basis for computations of instantaneous and daily mean discharges.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1971.tb01679.x","usgsCitation":"Smith, W., 1971, Application of an acoustic streamflow-measuring system on the Columbia River at The Dalles, Oregon: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 7, no. 1, p. 69-78, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1971.tb01679.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"78","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394104,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"The Dalles","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.23687744140624,\n 45.59410139910823\n ],\n [\n -121.07242584228514,\n 45.59410139910823\n ],\n [\n -121.07242584228514,\n 45.66132705384569\n ],\n [\n -121.23687744140624,\n 45.66132705384569\n ],\n [\n -121.23687744140624,\n 45.59410139910823\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Winchell","contributorId":20311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Winchell","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227353,"text":"70227353 - 1971 - Surf-beat origin for pulsating bottom currents in the Rio Balsas submarine canyon, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T23:00:03.153639","indexId":"70227353","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T16:48:37","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surf-beat origin for pulsating bottom currents in the Rio Balsas submarine canyon, Mexico","docAbstract":"

A previously unreported process was observed at the head of a tributary to the Rio Balsas submarine canyon system in Mexico. During a period of large surf, river discharge deflected a pulsating longshore current [peaking at over 7 km/hr (2 m/sec)] seaward over the tributary heading in the surf zone. This pulsating flow occasionally entered the river mouth, causing rhythmic fluctuations with amplitudes of at least 30 cm and a period of about 3 minutes within the mouth, as recorded by a partially filtered tide gage. In diving to the bottom of the tributary at a depth of 18 m, we encountered current pulses with estimated velocities of 4 km/hr (more than 1 m/sec) transporting large amounts of suspended sand down an axial slope of 26°. This bottom flow was at least 3 m thick, and was characterized by pulses separated by quiet periods in phase with the surface rip current. The upper 20 cm of the canyon fill during this time consisted of sand smoothly laminated parallel to the bottom, indicating net deposition on the steeply sloping floor. Estimated water budget suggested that the entire water column below the rip current at 18 m was not flowing seaward during the pulses. The bottom flow landward of the dive site probably separated from the surface flow and was propagated downslope as a turbidity current. Its magnitude was sufficient to erode the canyon walls. These observations substantiate that rip currents play a role in the formation of some submarine canyons. Surf-beat induced rhythmic flushing of the river mouth, however, did not cause density currents in the main canyon head. The need for future canyon studies under extreme conditions is pointed out.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[81:SOFPBC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Reimnitz, E., 1971, Surf-beat origin for pulsating bottom currents in the Rio Balsas submarine canyon, Mexico: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 1, p. 81-89, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[81:SOFPBC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"89","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cañón de la Necesidad, Rio Balsas submarine canyon system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.55050659179688,\n 17.774843263442754\n ],\n [\n -101.93458557128906,\n 17.774843263442754\n ],\n [\n -101.93458557128906,\n 18.098213048099566\n ],\n [\n -102.55050659179688,\n 18.098213048099566\n ],\n [\n -102.55050659179688,\n 17.774843263442754\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reimnitz, Erk","contributorId":17963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimnitz","given":"Erk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006260,"text":"70006260 - 1971 - Floods in the Wapsipinicon River Basin, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T12:47:10","indexId":"70006260","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T16:44:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"title":"Floods in the Wapsipinicon River Basin, Iowa","docAbstract":"

Flood information is reported for 338 miles of the main stem and six tributaries of the Wapsipinicon River. The information will be of use to those concerned with the design of bridges and other structures and the conduct of various operations on the flood plains of the streams. Included in the report are flood-peak records, gaging-station records, frequency curves, and water-surface profiles.

\n

Outstanding floods resulting from extremely heavy rainfall occurred in the upper basin in 1968 and 1969. Those in 1968 produced the highest flood of record at the gaging station at Independence. The flood of 26,800 cfs (cubic feet per second) at this station was the greatest in the period 1933-70. A number of the smaller tributaries experienced floods more than five times the computed 50-year flood.

\n

The flood experience on the main stem downstream from Anamosa has not been outstanding. No flood of record has exceeded the 50-year flood in this reach.

\n

Flood-profile sheets show profiles of actual flood occurrences and computed profiles of the 25- and 50-year floods at most locations. These sheets also contain tabulations of the flood discharges profiled. A low-water profile and tabulated discharge indicate the range in elevation and discharge along the streams.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/70006260","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa State Highway Commission","usgsCitation":"Schwob, H.H., 1971, Floods in the Wapsipinicon River Basin, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, iii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70006260.","productDescription":"iii, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"59","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318272,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70006260.JPG"},{"id":288875,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70006260/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Wapsipinicon River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.428466796875,\n 41.97174336327968\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 41.939062754848564\n ],\n [\n -90.296630859375,\n 41.82454867985508\n ],\n [\n -90.3570556640625,\n 41.68932225997044\n ],\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 41.599013054830216\n ],\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 41.545589036668105\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 41.57847058443442\n ],\n [\n -91.19750976562499,\n 41.7631174470059\n ],\n [\n -91.43920898437499,\n 41.94314874732696\n ],\n [\n -91.4556884765625,\n 42.02889410108475\n ],\n [\n -91.6424560546875,\n 42.12267315117259\n ],\n [\n -91.8896484375,\n 42.248851700720934\n ],\n [\n -92.010498046875,\n 42.36666166373274\n ],\n [\n -92.3016357421875,\n 42.524748042348165\n ],\n [\n -92.4224853515625,\n 42.64608143458068\n ],\n [\n -92.449951171875,\n 42.88401467044253\n ],\n [\n -92.52685546875,\n 43.052833917627936\n ],\n [\n -92.6422119140625,\n 43.1450861841603\n ],\n [\n -92.6751708984375,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -92.6971435546875,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -92.779541015625,\n 43.48082639482503\n ],\n [\n -92.7520751953125,\n 43.59232754538541\n ],\n [\n -92.6092529296875,\n 43.56845179881218\n ],\n [\n -92.4774169921875,\n 43.44893105587766\n ],\n [\n -92.40600585937499,\n 43.329173667843904\n ],\n [\n -92.2796630859375,\n 43.100982876188546\n ],\n [\n -92.010498046875,\n 42.84777884235988\n ],\n [\n -91.8621826171875,\n 42.76314586689494\n ],\n [\n -91.658935546875,\n 42.52879629320373\n ],\n [\n -91.4447021484375,\n 42.370720143531955\n ],\n [\n -91.23046875,\n 42.23258474931335\n ],\n [\n -91.087646484375,\n 42.187829010590825\n ],\n [\n -90.933837890625,\n 42.134894984239224\n ],\n [\n -90.736083984375,\n 42.0615286181226\n ],\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 42.07783959017503\n ],\n [\n -90.428466796875,\n 41.97174336327968\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a11dbe4b0c8380cd54103","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwob, Harlan H.","contributorId":23974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwob","given":"Harlan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227352,"text":"70227352 - 1971 - An evaluation of procedures used in computing chemical denudation rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T22:48:16.935227","indexId":"70227352","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T16:41:38","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of procedures used in computing chemical denudation rates","docAbstract":"

Computations of chemical denudation rates (that is, the average rate of lowering of the earth's crust by chemical processes) should be based only upon those components of dissolved loads of streams that are derived from chemical weathering of rocks and soils, even though identification of those components is difficult and imprecise. Past computations of chemical denudation rates exaggerated by 1.4 to 2.4 times the significance of this process because they were calculated from total dissolved loads.

Identification of separate denudation and nondenudation components in a water analysis can be done most readily for streams in crystalline silicate rock terrane where commonly 25 to 55 percent of the dissolved solids are HCO3−1, SO4−2, Cl−1, and NO3−1 that cannot be derived from the underlying rock; instead these ions are derived either directly from the atmosphere or from atmosphere-biosphere interactions. Most of the remaining solutes are derived from chemical weathering or rainfall, or both. Existing data are often insufficient to separate these two components, but atmospheric contributions to dissolved loads of dilute natural waters are substantial.

The commonly observed increased concentration of dissolved solids in chemically polluted rivers is produced by concentration of natural dissolved loads by evaporation, and by addition of solutes not present in natural waters. Concentration of natural solutes represents a modification of natural denudation processes that does not change the rate of denudation. Addition of new solutes represents man-induced, accelerated chemical denudation.

Extrapolation of modern chemical denudation rates to geologic situations is extremely imprecise because of uncertainties in assessing man's influence on present dissolved loads, in reconstructing the number and magnitude of past climatic changes, and in evaluating the effects of evolving flora and fauna.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[67:AEOPUI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Janda, R.J., 1971, An evaluation of procedures used in computing chemical denudation rates: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 1, p. 67-79, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[67:AEOPUI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"79","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janda, Richard J.","contributorId":13235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janda","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227312,"text":"70227312 - 1971 - Minor elements in water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T20:43:43.490427","indexId":"70227312","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T14:38:29","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Minor elements in water","docAbstract":"

A complete characterization of natural waters includes a determination of the concentrations of 30 or more minor elements. Emission spectrochemical methods are uniquely suited to the determination of a comparatively large number of minor elements, mainly those classified as heavy metals. Spectro-chemical data published by Braidech and Emory in 1935 and more recent data by Durfor and Becker, and by Barnett, Skougstad, and Miller, provide some insight into the minor-element character of the raw- and finished-water supplies of most of the major U.S. cities. Such data permit assessment of those supplies that contain either comparatively high or low concentrations of minor elements. The concentrations of many minor elements are unchanged by the municipal treatment-plant operations between the raw- and finished-water supply. On the other hand, part of the copper in a raw-water supply may be removed during treatment, even though the over-all result is a net increase in copper in the finished water. The aluminum concentration of finished water is greater than in the raw-water supply when aluminum sulfate is used as a coagulant aid. Significant amounts of iron may be removed during treatment.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental geochemistry in health and disease","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM123-p43","usgsCitation":"Skougstad, M.W., 1971, Minor elements in water, chap. of Environmental geochemistry in health and disease, v. 123, p. 43-56, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM123-p43.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"56","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394058,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cannon, Helen L.","contributorId":96249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Helen L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830405,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopps, Howard C.","contributorId":189752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopps","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830406,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Skougstad, Marvin W.","contributorId":65064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skougstad","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170893,"text":"70170893 - 1971 - Flooded area of St. Mary's Point, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T11:28:10","indexId":"70170893","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T14:30:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Flooded area of St. Mary's Point, Minnesota","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/70170893","usgsCitation":"Gunard, K., 1971, Flooded area of St. Mary's Point, Minnesota: Open-File Report, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70170893.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"St. Mary's Point","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.85301208496094,\n 44.88640436632269\n ],\n [\n -92.85301208496094,\n 44.96285457777543\n ],\n [\n -92.76014328002928,\n 44.96285457777543\n ],\n [\n -92.76014328002928,\n 44.88640436632269\n ],\n [\n -92.85301208496094,\n 44.88640436632269\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5731b4bae4b0dae0d5dbc0e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gunard, K.T.","contributorId":103733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunard","given":"K.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227311,"text":"70227311 - 1971 - The geochemist’s involvement with the pollution problem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T20:31:46.702923","indexId":"70227311","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T14:22:21","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The geochemist’s involvement with the pollution problem","docAbstract":"
The geochemist can contribute much information of value toward assessing the effect of environment, including inorganic pollution, on health. The average composition of rocks, soils, plants, and water and also the increments of inorganic substances that can be expected in geologic environments of high-metal content are essential for comparison with metal contents of these components of the environment in areas contaminated by various types of inorganic air and water pollution.

Background levels of lead, zinc, nickel, chromium, copper, and manganese in soils and in four classes of vegetation have been estimated from collections that were made in remote areas presumed to be free from inorganic contamination. The trace-metal content of soils and plants varies widely in different geologic provinces of the United States; in those areas of high natural mineralization, additions of metals from man-made pollution may compound a possible hazard. Results of sampling in urban areas show that contamination of vegetation by gasoline lead can be expected for at least 1000 ft back from transportation lanes, and that the lead burden is increasing greatly with time. Ore-treatment plants can also be a source of air contamination for several miles downwind and several thousand feet in other directions. Soils of naturally high metal content in a mining district may be further contaminated with both major and minor elements from smelting operations. Recent studies show that volatile elements are released directly to the air from ore deposits in place. Concentrations of mercury, for instance, may be as much as 20 times background for several hundred feet in altitude over ore deposits in which mercury occurs as a relatively minor constituent.

The source of inorganic pollution in surface drainage and also in ground water is commonly geologic, as rivers may be contaminated from coal and metal deposits in place and also from mining and smelting operations.

More information of the type illustrated should be accumulated and made available to scientists who are working in environmental health, and, in particular, to those involved in the pollution problem. Only by these means can we provide a scientific basis for the enactment of realistic and effective legislation for pollution control.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental geochemistry in health and disease","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM123-p155","usgsCitation":"Cannon, H., and Anderson, B.M., 1971, The geochemist’s involvement with the pollution problem, chap. of Environmental geochemistry in health and disease, v. 123, p. 155-178, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM123-p155.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"178","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cannon, Helen L.","contributorId":96249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Helen L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830402,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopps, Howard C.","contributorId":189752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopps","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830403,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Helen L.","contributorId":96249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Helen L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Barbara M.","contributorId":75155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70227408,"text":"70227408 - 1971 - Groundwater Recharge Conference Reading, England September 21-24, 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-14T14:38:27.308829","indexId":"70227408","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T14:19:03","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7458,"text":"Eos Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater Recharge Conference Reading, England September 21-24, 1970","docAbstract":"

An international Conference on Artificial Groundwater Recharge was held at the University of Reading, Whiteknights Park, Reading, Berkshire, England, sponsored by the Water Research Association, Medmenham, Marlow, Buckinghamshire. One hundred sixty-one delegates, representing 20 countries, registered. Five excellent tours were made available for them, to such installations as: the Hydraulics Research Station and Institute of Hydrology, Weilingford, Berkshire; the Metropolitan Water Board, Ashford Common Works, Sunbury-on-Thames; the Water Pollution Research Laboratory, Stevenage; and the Water Research Association, Medmenham, and Water Resources Board, Reading, Berkshire.

","conferenceTitle":"Groundwater Recharge Conference","conferenceDate":"September 21-24, 1970","conferenceLocation":"Reading, England","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO052i001p00026-01","usgsCitation":"Sniegocki, R.T., 1971, Groundwater Recharge Conference Reading, England September 21-24, 1970: Eos Science News, v. 52, no. 1, p. 26-26, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO052i001p00026-01.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"26","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394332,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sniegocki, Richard T.","contributorId":67068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sniegocki","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227456,"text":"70227456 - 1971 - Recharge characteristics of a watercourse aquifer system at Springfield, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-17T19:56:28.165541","indexId":"70227456","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T13:45:35","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recharge characteristics of a watercourse aquifer system at Springfield, Ohio","docAbstract":"

An investigation was made of infiltration conditions in the alluvial-filled Mad River valley in the vicinity of the Springfield municipal wells. The study shows that most recharge to the 100-foot thick sand and gravel aquifer is from induced infiltration from the Mad River. Local precipitation and natural, down-valley underflow also are important in sustaining the 14 mgd (million gallons per day) pumping rate.

The investigation was designed to learn more about rates of streambed infiltration. Gaging stations were established at points above and below the well field in the expectation that infiltration losses could be measured directly. The attempt was unsuccessful because infiltration losses proved too small to measure accurately by ordinary stream gaging methods. The investigation has, nevertheless, provided much new data about this important watercourse aquifer system.

Observation-well records covering the 4-year period 1965 through 1968 show that ground-water levels follow an annual cycle, typically rising in the period February through June, when recharge exceeds depletion, and falling during the remainder of the year. The rate of induced stream infiltration is not sufficient to prevent perennial dewatering of the aquifer beneath the streambed. The water table beneath the center of the losing reach ranges in depth from about 17 feet in January to about 6 feet in June in the average year. Bedrock highs beneath the stream, which result in local thinning of the aquifer upstream and downstream from the well field, essentially limit infiltration to a reach about 2½ miles long having an area of approximately 24 acres. During the 7-month depletion period average infiltration is estimated at 9 mgd and during the 5-month accretion period estimated infiltration is 12 mgd. On the basis of these estimates the infiltration rate for the respective periods is 0.37 and 0.50 mgd per acre, or about 0.35 mgd per acre per foot of depth.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1971.tb03530.x","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water","usgsCitation":"Norris, S., and Eagon, H.B., 1971, Recharge characteristics of a watercourse aquifer system at Springfield, Ohio: Groundwater, v. 9, no. 1, p. 30-41, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1971.tb03530.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"41","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","city":"Springfield","otherGeospatial":"Mad River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.85040283203125,\n 39.97396296240704\n ],\n [\n -83.77444267272949,\n 39.97396296240704\n ],\n [\n -83.77444267272949,\n 40.01308799236397\n ],\n [\n -83.85040283203125,\n 40.01308799236397\n ],\n [\n -83.85040283203125,\n 39.97396296240704\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norris, Stanley E.","contributorId":63844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"Stanley E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagon, Herbert B. Jr.","contributorId":271166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eagon","given":"Herbert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168637,"text":"70168637 - 1971 - The water resources of southeast Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T19:43:15.760999","indexId":"70168637","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5106,"text":"Iowa Geological Survey Water Atlas","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"4","title":"The water resources of southeast Iowa","docAbstract":"

Water is vital in the lives of the people and the economy of any area.  In order to utilize this natural resource in the most efficient and beneficial manner, a basic knowledge and understanding of its sources and the occurrence and potential of each source must be gained.  To provide this knowledge, the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Iowa Geological Survey compiled this atlas describing the water resources available for development in an 11-county area in southeast Iowa.  The report contains information on the availability, quality, and utilization of water from all known sources and the future demands upon the water resources in southeast Iowa.  The information is presented to aid water users and other persons searching for and evaluating sources of water in a particular place, and planners and water managers who must consider water resources on a regional basis.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","usgsCitation":"Coble, R.W., and Roberts, J., 1971, The water resources of southeast Iowa: Iowa Geological Survey Water Atlas 4, x, 101 p.","productDescription":"x, 101 p.","numberOfPages":"109","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493144,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70168637/IGS_Water_Atlas_Number_4.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":318274,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-92.1792,40.6007],[-92.3331,40.5973],[-92.3555,40.5969],[-92.6037,40.5919],[-92.6395,40.5914],[-92.6389,40.6371],[-92.6397,40.7246],[-92.6398,40.8122],[-92.64,40.8979],[-92.6395,40.985],[-92.641,41.0699],[-92.6441,41.1597],[-92.757,41.1591],[-92.8711,41.1592],[-92.871,41.2463],[-92.8714,41.333],[-92.8719,41.4202],[-92.8729,41.5082],[-92.7564,41.509],[-92.6423,41.5083],[-92.5301,41.5084],[-92.4136,41.5088],[-92.2995,41.5096],[-92.183,41.5098],[-92.0659,41.5104],[-91.9463,41.5108],[-91.8291,41.5116],[-91.7138,41.511],[-91.5991,41.5107],[-91.528,41.511],[-91.5281,41.5078],[-91.5196,41.5027],[-91.5197,41.4981],[-91.5148,41.4985],[-91.5117,41.5016],[-91.5098,41.5034],[-91.508,41.5016],[-91.5112,41.4971],[-91.5107,41.4944],[-91.5076,41.4939],[-91.5039,41.4933],[-91.5029,41.4874],[-91.5038,41.4779],[-91.5136,41.4767],[-91.5156,41.4704],[-91.5145,41.4676],[-91.4988,41.4592],[-91.4989,41.4538],[-91.5026,41.452],[-91.5033,41.4493],[-91.492,41.4405],[-91.4843,41.4286],[-91.4839,41.4222],[-91.3687,41.4235],[-91.3701,41.335],[-91.2551,41.3344],[-91.1395,41.3333],[-91.0713,41.3329],[-91.0715,41.3311],[-91.0708,41.3256],[-91.0725,41.3202],[-91.0729,41.3143],[-91.0742,41.3107],[-91.0768,41.3067],[-91.08,41.3026],[-91.0832,41.2986],[-91.086,41.2951],[-91.0913,41.2886],[-91.0949,41.284],[-91.0973,41.2799],[-91.0996,41.274],[-91.1007,41.2708],[-91.1036,41.2644],[-91.1071,41.26],[-91.1109,41.256],[-91.1132,41.2529],[-91.1143,41.2489],[-91.1142,41.2443],[-91.1123,41.2407],[-91.1098,41.238],[-91.1041,41.2326],[-91.0991,41.2281],[-91.0954,41.2232],[-91.0928,41.2187],[-91.0904,41.2143],[-91.0893,41.2084],[-91.0882,41.2052],[-91.0863,41.2006],[-91.0813,41.1953],[-91.077,41.1922],[-91.0764,41.192],[-91.072,41.1904],[-91.0684,41.1891],[-91.0646,41.1873],[-91.0609,41.1846],[-91.0591,41.181],[-91.058,41.1788],[-91.0569,41.1756],[-91.0552,41.172],[-91.0514,41.1684],[-91.0474,41.1668],[-91.0414,41.1648],[-91.0336,41.1636],[-91.0275,41.1637],[-91.0225,41.1641],[-91.022,41.1641],[-91.0166,41.1656],[-91.0128,41.1662],[-91.0105,41.1666],[-91.005,41.1653],[-90.9981,41.1626],[-90.992,41.1578],[-90.9887,41.1538],[-90.9852,41.1488],[-90.9794,41.1407],[-90.9731,41.1317],[-90.9689,41.1262],[-90.9655,41.1202],[-90.9593,41.1132],[-90.9543,41.1077],[-90.9506,41.1024],[-90.9486,41.0985],[-90.9474,41.0947],[-90.9473,41.0902],[-90.9479,41.0845],[-90.9483,41.0788],[-90.9488,41.0754],[-90.9489,41.0718],[-90.9485,41.0677],[-90.948,41.0622],[-90.9459,41.0549],[-90.9449,41.0481],[-90.9452,41.0404],[-90.9455,41.0304],[-90.9459,41.0213],[-90.9467,41.0145],[-90.9474,41.0085],[-90.9485,41.0031],[-90.9502,40.9958],[-90.9519,40.9903],[-90.9538,40.9865],[-90.9549,40.9844],[-90.9566,40.9817],[-90.9572,40.978],[-90.9565,40.9744],[-90.9558,40.9699],[-90.9539,40.9667],[-90.9526,40.9631],[-90.9525,40.9599],[-90.9531,40.9567],[-90.9541,40.9535],[-90.9558,40.9485],[-90.9582,40.9403],[-90.9611,40.9322],[-90.9645,40.925],[-90.9674,40.9222],[-90.9718,40.9193],[-90.976,40.9175],[-90.9808,40.9152],[-90.9813,40.9149],[-90.9856,40.9124],[-90.9898,40.9105],[-90.9943,40.9093],[-90.9983,40.9081],[-91.0013,40.9067],[-91.0043,40.9049],[-91.0073,40.9023],[-91.0162,40.8939],[-91.0218,40.8881],[-91.0282,40.8833],[-91.0359,40.8759],[-91.0431,40.8694],[-91.046,40.864],[-91.0502,40.8568],[-91.0547,40.851],[-91.0585,40.847],[-91.0637,40.8434],[-91.0672,40.8408],[-91.0715,40.8387],[-91.0757,40.8355],[-91.0778,40.8333],[-91.0802,40.8303],[-91.0841,40.8266],[-91.0894,40.8235],[-91.0922,40.8186],[-91.0942,40.8137],[-91.0946,40.8094],[-91.0928,40.8041],[-91.09,40.795],[-91.0892,40.7886],[-91.0897,40.7804],[-91.0913,40.7764],[-91.0926,40.7714],[-91.0947,40.7656],[-91.0966,40.7615],[-91.0995,40.7576],[-91.1018,40.754],[-91.1054,40.7499],[-91.1074,40.7468],[-91.1095,40.7435],[-91.1107,40.7391],[-91.1123,40.7343],[-91.1135,40.7296],[-91.1142,40.726],[-91.1138,40.7193],[-91.1122,40.7133],[-91.1111,40.7085],[-91.1115,40.7012],[-91.1122,40.6956],[-91.113,40.6883],[-91.1148,40.6826],[-91.1171,40.6785],[-91.1196,40.6744],[-91.1233,40.6704],[-91.1277,40.6668],[-91.1319,40.6642],[-91.1373,40.661],[-91.1425,40.6585],[-91.1535,40.654],[-91.1595,40.6503],[-91.1673,40.6465],[-91.177,40.6419],[-91.1834,40.639],[-91.1856,40.638],[-91.1907,40.6371],[-91.1979,40.6371],[-91.2032,40.6369],[-91.2101,40.6373],[-91.2171,40.6385],[-91.2197,40.6388],[-91.2231,40.6391],[-91.2298,40.6392],[-91.2365,40.6389],[-91.2432,40.6381],[-91.2506,40.6372],[-91.2591,40.6358],[-91.2693,40.6329],[-91.2816,40.6292],[-91.2914,40.6262],[-91.3126,40.6196],[-91.3282,40.6144],[-91.3384,40.611],[-91.3446,40.6086],[-91.351,40.6045],[-91.3576,40.6002],[-91.3635,40.5966],[-91.3694,40.5913],[-91.3777,40.586],[-91.386,40.58],[-91.3944,40.5748],[-91.4021,40.5696],[-91.4057,40.567],[-91.4092,40.5619],[-91.4122,40.5566],[-91.4131,40.5514],[-91.4131,40.5471],[-91.4101,40.543],[-91.4054,40.5397],[-91.4018,40.5374],[-91.397,40.5367],[-91.391,40.5345],[-91.3866,40.5314],[-91.381,40.5275],[-91.3767,40.5234],[-91.3736,40.5198],[-91.3705,40.5151],[-91.3682,40.5101],[-91.3659,40.505],[-91.3643,40.5],[-91.3639,40.4923],[-91.3646,40.4873],[-91.3661,40.4801],[-91.3687,40.4715],[-91.3727,40.4636],[-91.375,40.4585],[-91.3772,40.4517],[-91.3795,40.4462],[-91.3793,40.4413],[-91.3801,40.435],[-91.3785,40.429],[-91.375,40.4231],[-91.3696,40.4151],[-91.3669,40.4107],[-91.3653,40.4048],[-91.3654,40.3993],[-91.3674,40.3944],[-91.3711,40.3908],[-91.3767,40.3877],[-91.3808,40.3856],[-91.3828,40.3847],[-91.3911,40.3835],[-91.4013,40.382],[-91.4098,40.3809],[-91.4143,40.3797],[-91.4204,40.378],[-91.4247,40.3811],[-91.4335,40.3832],[-91.4383,40.3842],[-91.4419,40.3847],[-91.4444,40.3839],[-91.4464,40.3817],[-91.4476,40.379],[-91.4506,40.3767],[-91.4539,40.3751],[-91.4579,40.3745],[-91.4609,40.375],[-91.4633,40.3769],[-91.4638,40.3792],[-91.4638,40.3805],[-91.4638,40.3819],[-91.4651,40.3841],[-91.4673,40.3855],[-91.4697,40.3856],[-91.4727,40.3857],[-91.4757,40.3848],[-91.4794,40.3844],[-91.483,40.3849],[-91.4856,40.3857],[-91.488,40.3875],[-91.4895,40.39],[-91.4891,40.3934],[-91.4905,40.3968],[-91.4938,40.3993],[-91.4992,40.4016],[-91.5034,40.4035],[-91.512,40.4072],[-91.5191,40.41],[-91.5239,40.4123],[-91.5263,40.4146],[-91.5262,40.4173],[-91.5249,40.4201],[-91.523,40.4232],[-91.5205,40.4272],[-91.5191,40.4309],[-91.5209,40.4332],[-91.5233,40.4336],[-91.5266,40.4341],[-91.5299,40.4356],[-91.5316,40.4374],[-91.5328,40.4406],[-91.5309,40.4433],[-91.5284,40.4451],[-91.526,40.4468],[-91.5235,40.4491],[-91.5222,40.4522],[-91.5227,40.4545],[-91.5245,40.4572],[-91.528,40.4591],[-91.5317,40.4587],[-91.5377,40.4588],[-91.548,40.4583],[-91.5576,40.4596],[-91.5661,40.462],[-91.572,40.4657],[-91.5773,40.4703],[-91.5804,40.4757],[-91.5859,40.4863],[-91.5888,40.4909],[-91.5922,40.4944],[-91.5965,40.4964],[-91.6013,40.4986],[-91.6067,40.5009],[-91.6115,40.5032],[-91.6151,40.5064],[-91.6174,40.5096],[-91.6192,40.5132],[-91.6204,40.5164],[-91.6201,40.5204],[-91.6185,40.5241],[-91.6184,40.5286],[-91.6184,40.5313],[-91.6183,40.534],[-91.6189,40.5372],[-91.6219,40.54],[-91.6256,40.5418],[-91.6297,40.5432],[-91.637,40.5447],[-91.6527,40.5479],[-91.6678,40.5507],[-91.678,40.553],[-91.6833,40.5553],[-91.6868,40.559],[-91.6886,40.5627],[-91.6885,40.5658],[-91.6869,40.5694],[-91.6859,40.5726],[-91.6864,40.5762],[-91.6863,40.5785],[-91.6875,40.5812],[-91.6904,40.5854],[-91.6946,40.5882],[-91.6982,40.5904],[-91.709,40.5959],[-91.7179,40.6012],[-91.7186,40.6018],[-91.7258,40.6091],[-91.7284,40.614],[-91.7428,40.6136],[-91.7906,40.6118],[-91.9,40.6077],[-91.9432,40.6065],[-92.0611,40.6033],[-92.1792,40.6007]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Davis\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cc402ae4b059daa47e4811","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coble, R. W.","contributorId":49380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coble","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, J.V.","contributorId":6851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168635,"text":"70168635 - 1971 - Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T12:42:16","indexId":"70168635","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1970","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/70168635","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1970, https://doi.org/10.3133/70168635.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.217706,43.50055],[-91.216035,43.481142],[-91.233367,43.455168],[-91.200359,43.412701],[-91.198953,43.389835],[-91.21477,43.365874],[-91.20662,43.352524],[-91.132813,43.32803],[-91.107237,43.313645],[-91.07371,43.274746],[-91.071698,43.261014],[-91.058644,43.257679],[-91.066398,43.239293],[-91.12217,43.197255],[-91.1462,43.152405],[-91.1562,43.142945],[-91.175253,43.134665],[-91.179457,43.067427],[-91.156562,42.978226],[-91.14543,42.958211],[-91.14988,42.941955],[-91.1438,42.922877],[-91.146177,42.90985],[-91.100565,42.883078],[-91.097656,42.859871],[-91.091837,42.851225],[-91.09406,42.830813],[-91.078665,42.827678],[-91.069549,42.769628],[-91.060261,42.761847],[-91.065783,42.753387],[-91.056297,42.747341],[-91.051275,42.737001],[-91.035418,42.73734],[-91.026786,42.724228],[-91.000128,42.716189],[-90.977735,42.696816],[-90.949213,42.685573],[-90.923634,42.6855],[-90.88743,42.67247],[-90.731132,42.643437],[-90.706303,42.634169],[-90.692031,42.610366],[-90.686975,42.591774],[-90.661527,42.567999],[-90.654127,42.5499],[-90.643927,42.540401],[-90.636927,42.513202],[-90.655927,42.491703],[-90.654027,42.478503],[-90.624328,42.458904],[-90.567968,42.440389],[-90.560439,42.432897],[-90.555018,42.416138],[-90.477279,42.383794],[-90.462619,42.367253],[-90.443874,42.355218],[-90.416535,42.325109],[-90.430884,42.27823],[-90.419326,42.254467],[-90.400653,42.239293],[-90.391108,42.225473],[-90.356964,42.205445],[-90.328273,42.201047],[-90.282173,42.178846],[-90.234919,42.165431],[-90.209479,42.15268],[-90.197342,42.128163],[-90.167533,42.122475],[-90.161159,42.106372],[-90.168358,42.075779],[-90.164485,42.042105],[-90.151579,42.030633],[-90.140061,42.003252],[-90.146225,41.981329],[-90.164135,41.956178],[-90.163847,41.944934],[-90.152659,41.933058],[-90.153584,41.906614],[-90.181401,41.844647],[-90.181973,41.80707],[-90.278633,41.767358],[-90.310708,41.742214],[-90.317668,41.72269],[-90.313435,41.698082],[-90.334525,41.679559],[-90.343452,41.646959],[-90.339528,41.598633],[-90.343228,41.587833],[-90.41283,41.565333],[-90.461432,41.523533],[-90.500633,41.518033],[-90.540935,41.526133],[-90.591037,41.512832],[-90.602137,41.506032],[-90.605937,41.494232],[-90.655839,41.462132],[-90.750142,41.449632],[-90.846558,41.455141],[-90.930016,41.421404],[-90.979815,41.434321],[-91.027787,41.423603],[-91.043988,41.415897],[-91.05101,41.387556],[-91.06652,41.365246],[-91.074841,41.305578],[-91.092034,41.286911],[-91.114186,41.250029],[-91.113648,41.241401],[-91.07298,41.207151],[-91.041536,41.166138],[-91.027214,41.163373],[-91.007586,41.166183],[-90.99496,41.160624],[-90.946627,41.096632],[-90.949383,41.072711],[-90.942253,41.034702],[-90.945949,41.006495],[-90.958142,40.979767],[-90.952233,40.954047],[-90.965344,40.921633],[-91.009536,40.900565],[-91.021562,40.884021],[-91.044653,40.868356],[-91.05643,40.848387],[-91.092993,40.821079],[-91.097649,40.805575],[-91.091703,40.779708],[-91.110424,40.745528],[-91.115735,40.725168],[-91.11194,40.697018],[-91.123928,40.669152],[-91.185428,40.638071],[-91.253074,40.637962],[-91.306524,40.626231],[-91.339719,40.613488],[-91.359873,40.601805],[-91.379752,40.57445],[-91.401482,40.559458],[-91.406373,40.551831],[-91.404125,40.539127],[-91.384531,40.530948],[-91.369059,40.512532],[-91.364211,40.500043],[-91.364915,40.484168],[-91.381769,40.442555],[-91.372554,40.4012],[-91.381958,40.387632],[-91.419422,40.378264],[-91.441243,40.386255],[-91.452458,40.375501],[-91.463895,40.375659],[-91.465116,40.385257],[-91.484507,40.3839],[-91.490977,40.393484],[-91.487829,40.403866],[-91.498093,40.401926],[-91.522333,40.409648],[-91.527057,40.416689],[-91.519012,40.431298],[-91.529132,40.434272],[-91.533548,40.440804],[-91.523271,40.450061],[-91.526155,40.458625],[-91.552691,40.458769],[-91.574746,40.465664],[-91.590817,40.492292],[-91.621353,40.510072],[-91.618028,40.53403],[-91.6219,40.542292],[-91.6887,40.55739],[-91.691557,40.564867],[-91.686357,40.580875],[-91.716769,40.59853],[-91.729115,40.61364],[-92.686693,40.589809],[-94.294813,40.571341],[-94.632032,40.571186],[-95.765645,40.585208],[-95.753148,40.59284],[-95.748626,40.603355],[-95.768926,40.621264],[-95.776251,40.647463],[-95.795489,40.662384],[-95.822913,40.66724],[-95.842801,40.677496],[-95.852615,40.702262],[-95.883178,40.717579],[-95.888907,40.731855],[-95.879027,40.753081],[-95.84662,40.768619],[-95.835232,40.779151],[-95.834523,40.787778],[-95.845342,40.811324],[-95.837186,40.835347],[-95.847084,40.854174],[-95.847785,40.864328],[-95.838735,40.872191],[-95.815933,40.879846],[-95.809474,40.891228],[-95.813458,40.901693],[-95.836438,40.921642],[-95.839743,40.93278],[-95.829074,40.975688],[-95.838908,40.986484],[-95.867286,41.001599],[-95.869486,41.009399],[-95.859918,41.025403],[-95.859654,41.035695],[-95.882415,41.060411],[-95.862587,41.088399],[-95.865888,41.117898],[-95.882088,41.143998],[-95.883489,41.154898],[-95.871912,41.168122],[-95.846188,41.166698],[-95.841288,41.174998],[-95.856788,41.187098],[-95.90969,41.184398],[-95.91829,41.186698],[-95.92599,41.195698],[-95.924891,41.211198],[-95.910891,41.231798],[-95.921891,41.264598],[-95.913991,41.271398],[-95.928691,41.281398],[-95.927491,41.298397],[-95.90589,41.300897],[-95.90429,41.293497],[-95.912491,41.279498],[-95.90249,41.273398],[-95.87689,41.285097],[-95.871489,41.295797],[-95.883089,41.316697],[-95.92569,41.322197],[-95.946891,41.334096],[-95.956691,41.345496],[-95.954891,41.351796],[-95.93549,41.360596],[-95.92879,41.370096],[-95.93689,41.396387],[-95.929721,41.411331],[-95.933169,41.42943],[-95.919865,41.447922],[-95.922529,41.455766],[-95.936801,41.46519],[-95.962329,41.46281],[-96.011757,41.476212],[-96.019542,41.486617],[-95.997903,41.504789],[-95.992599,41.514174],[-95.999529,41.538679],[-96.005079,41.544004],[-96.019686,41.545743],[-96.027289,41.541081],[-96.034305,41.512853],[-96.040701,41.507076],[-96.05369,41.508859],[-96.07307,41.525052],[-96.08822,41.530595],[-96.09409,41.539265],[-96.093613,41.558271],[-96.081152,41.577289],[-96.085771,41.585746],[-96.109387,41.596871],[-96.117558,41.609999],[-96.116233,41.621574],[-96.100701,41.635507],[-96.095046,41.647365],[-96.099837,41.66103],[-96.120983,41.677861],[-96.121401,41.688522],[-96.111968,41.697773],[-96.082429,41.698159],[-96.073063,41.705004],[-96.079682,41.717962],[-96.10261,41.728016],[-96.106425,41.73789],[-96.102772,41.746339],[-96.079915,41.757895],[-96.077543,41.777824],[-96.064537,41.793002],[-96.075548,41.807811],[-96.107592,41.820685],[-96.110246,41.84885],[-96.142045,41.868865],[-96.148826,41.888132],[-96.161756,41.90182],[-96.160767,41.908044],[-96.136743,41.920826],[-96.144583,41.941544],[-96.133318,41.955732],[-96.1289,41.969727],[-96.141228,41.978063],[-96.156538,41.980137],[-96.184243,41.976696],[-96.192141,41.984461],[-96.183568,41.999987],[-96.194556,42.008662],[-96.215225,42.006701],[-96.223896,41.995456],[-96.236487,41.996428],[-96.241932,42.006965],[-96.223611,42.022652],[-96.223822,42.033346],[-96.238392,42.041088],[-96.261132,42.038974],[-96.271427,42.044988],[-96.279342,42.07028],[-96.267636,42.096177],[-96.2689,42.11359],[-96.279203,42.12348],[-96.310085,42.132523],[-96.319528,42.146647],[-96.342395,42.160491],[-96.349688,42.172043],[-96.348066,42.194747],[-96.35987,42.210545],[-96.358141,42.214088],[-96.336323,42.218922],[-96.323723,42.229887],[-96.330004,42.240224],[-96.328905,42.254734],[-96.336003,42.264806],[-96.365792,42.285875],[-96.369212,42.308344],[-96.375307,42.318339],[-96.407998,42.337408],[-96.417786,42.351449],[-96.417093,42.361443],[-96.408436,42.376092],[-96.41498,42.393442],[-96.413609,42.407894],[-96.387608,42.432494],[-96.380707,42.446394],[-96.385407,42.473094],[-96.396107,42.484095],[-96.409408,42.487595],[-96.474409,42.491895],[-96.476909,42.497795],[-96.473339,42.503537],[-96.477454,42.509589],[-96.490089,42.512441],[-96.49297,42.517282],[-96.479909,42.524195],[-96.476952,42.556079],[-96.498041,42.558153],[-96.498709,42.57087],[-96.489328,42.5708],[-96.485796,42.575001],[-96.49545,42.579474],[-96.494777,42.585741],[-96.499885,42.588539],[-96.509468,42.61273],[-96.517048,42.615343],[-96.525671,42.609312],[-96.531604,42.615148],[-96.518542,42.62035],[-96.516338,42.630435],[-96.537881,42.646446],[-96.542366,42.660736],[-96.559281,42.657903],[-96.556461,42.663939],[-96.566684,42.675942],[-96.576381,42.671302],[-96.575299,42.682665],[-96.596405,42.688514],[-96.59908,42.697296],[-96.61017,42.694568],[-96.629625,42.705102],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.624704,42.725497],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.638621,42.734921],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.620548,42.753534],[-96.620272,42.757124],[-96.632212,42.761512],[-96.633168,42.768325],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.604559,42.783034],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.590757,42.808255],[-96.596008,42.815044],[-96.585699,42.818041],[-96.577937,42.827645],[-96.581604,42.837521],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.560572,42.839373],[-96.552092,42.836057],[-96.549513,42.839143],[-96.554709,42.846142],[-96.545502,42.849956],[-96.54146,42.857682],[-96.550439,42.863171],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.540396,42.888877],[-96.526563,42.893755],[-96.542847,42.903737],[-96.537354,42.908791],[-96.541689,42.922576],[-96.525536,42.935511],[-96.516203,42.933769],[-96.52012,42.938183],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.505028,42.970844],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.49782,42.998143],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.510995,43.024701],[-96.509146,43.03668],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.510256,43.049917],[-96.490365,43.050789],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.463094,43.062981],[-96.458201,43.067554],[-96.454188,43.083379],[-96.462636,43.089614],[-96.460516,43.09494],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.458854,43.143356],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.464896,43.182034],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.470781,43.205099],[-96.475571,43.221054],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.519273,43.21769],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.552591,43.257769],[-96.582904,43.26769],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.580346,43.298204],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.526004,43.309999],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.524289,43.347214],[-96.527345,43.368109],[-96.521323,43.374607],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.524044,43.394762],[-96.529152,43.397735],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.569628,43.427527],[-96.575181,43.431756],[-96.592905,43.43317],[-96.602608,43.449649],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.584603,43.46961],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.590452,43.494298],[-96.598396,43.495074],[-96.598929,43.500441],[-91.217706,43.50055]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iowa\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cc402ce4b059daa47e4829","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128037,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":621081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170501,"text":"70170501 - 1971 - Flooded area of Lakeland Shores, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T12:20:26","indexId":"70170501","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T13:30:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Flooded area of Lakeland Shores, Minnesota","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/70170501","usgsCitation":"Carlson, G., 1971, Flooded area of Lakeland Shores, Minnesota: Open-File Report, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70170501.","productDescription":"5 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Lakeland Shores","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.8070068359375,\n 44.90695503868511\n ],\n [\n -92.8070068359375,\n 44.97002036412507\n ],\n [\n -92.75344848632812,\n 44.97002036412507\n ],\n [\n -92.75344848632812,\n 44.90695503868511\n ],\n [\n -92.8070068359375,\n 44.90695503868511\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571b4b2fe4b071321fe31c80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, G.H.","contributorId":26277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227310,"text":"70227310 - 1971 - Chemical compositions of rock types as factors in our environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T19:28:19.602453","indexId":"70227310","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T13:23:44","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chemical compositions of rock types as factors in our environment","docAbstract":"

The types of rocks that form geologic units in the Earth’s crust supply most of the raw materials from which soils are formed and from which water derives its inorganic constituents. The compositions of what we eat and drink thus depend in part upon the compositions of the source rocks.

Igneous rocks are formed by crystallization and solidification of a rock melt. Metamorphic rocks are formed by recrystallization of both igneous and sedimentary rocks caused by heat and pressure within the Earth’s crust. Sedimentary rocks are formed chiefly by the deposition in water of weathering and erosion products of pre-existing igneous, metamorphic, or other sedimentary rocks. The compositions of metamorphic rocks are generally similar to the compositions of the rocks that were metamorphosed, and only igneous and sedimentary rock compositions are considered here.

Igneous rocks range in SiO2 content from about 40 to nearly 80 percent, and other constituents increase in amount as SiO2 decreases. The changes in the other constituents are not large, however, except for the quantitatively unimportant least silicic rocks; these contain conspicuously more magnesium and less aluminum than the other kinds of igneous rocks.

Sedimentary rocks range in SiO2 content from nearly zero for the carbonate rocks to almost 100 percent for quartzite and pure sandstone. Shale and clay contain intermediate amounts of SiO2 and as much as 25 percent AI2O3, more than any of the igneous rocks. Carbonate rocks are composed mostly of calcium and magnesium carbonates.

The contents of individual trace elements vary widely with rock type. Chromium, titanium, nickel, and cobalt are conspicuously concentrated in low-silica igneous rocks that are quantitatively unimportant. Arsenic, iodine, molybdenum, and selenium are conspicuously concentrated in shale and clay. In addition, most other elements occur in largest amounts in shale and clay compared to other sedimentary rocks, and in amounts nearly equal to those in igneous rocks.

Soils derived from different kinds of igneous rocks do not differ from each other as much as do soils derived from different kinds of sedimentary rocks. This is partly because igneous rocks generally are more resistant to weathering than sedimentary rocks that were deposited in water. Some of the important constituents of sedimentary rocks have been precipitated from solution, which makes them more susceptible to weathering and re-solution. Similarly, sedimentary rocks have a greater effect than igneous rocks on the composition of ground water.

Determination of areal variations in composition should be more detailed than normal petrologic investigations if the results are to be usable for environmental studies. Statistical principles should be used in planning the sampling, analysis, and interpretation of results.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental geochemistry in health and disease","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM123-p13","usgsCitation":"Tourtelot, H., 1971, Chemical compositions of rock types as factors in our environment, chap. of Environmental geochemistry in health and disease, v. 123, p. 13-20, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM123-p13.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cannon, Helen L.","contributorId":96249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Helen L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830398,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopps, Howard C.","contributorId":189752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopps","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830399,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Tourtelot, Harry A.","contributorId":97903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tourtelot","given":"Harry A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70260855,"text":"70260855 - 1971 - Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-24T18:16:51.000171","indexId":"70260855","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T11:59:12","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70260855","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Imperial Irrigation District","usgsCitation":"Irwin, G.A., 1971, Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970: Open-File Report, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70260855.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":485020,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260855/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":463880,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260855/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton Sea","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, George A.","contributorId":35363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70242053,"text":"70242053 - 1971 - Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-05T21:09:31.955009","indexId":"70242053","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T11:18:04","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site","docAbstract":"

Studies of published and unpublished geologic and ground-water data, for an inventory of 6,032 wells and 754 springs in parts of Inyo and Mono Counties, California, and Clark, Esmeralda, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, Nevada, reveal the following information:

A complex sequence of granitic, metamorphic, volcanic, and sedimentary rocks of Precambrian to Holocene age are present in the study area. Rocks of lower Precambrian age are metamorphic. These rocks can be divided into five principal types: (a) valley fill, (b) volcanic, (c) carbonate, (d) clastic, and (e) metamorphic and granitic. The valley fill which produces large amounts of water is the best aquifer and it contains the largest number of wells. The carbonate and the volcanic rocks produce small to large amounts of water from fractures or solution cavities. The clastic rocks and the metamorphic and granitic racks produce very little ground water.

The greatest concentration of wells in the study area is in the Las Vegas area, which has 79 percent of the total wells inventoried. The Las Vegas area has less than 1 percent of the springs inventoried.

The major uses of ground water listed in order of abundance, for the area exclusive of Las Vegas, are irrigation, domestic, public supply, and industrial. The major uses of ground water listed in order of abundance in the Las Vegas area are domestic, irrigation, public supply, and commercial.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70242053","usgsCitation":"Thordarson, W., and Robinson, B., 1971, Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site, Report: ii, 178 p.; 4 Plates: 29.01 x 20.78 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70242053.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 178 p.; 4 Plates: 29.01 x 20.78 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":433525,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433524,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":432598,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":433526,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433522,"rank":2,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433523,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.12871205149412,\n 36.83018971496931\n ],\n [\n -117.12871205149412,\n 35.1509926527515\n ],\n [\n -114.58100001192527,\n 35.1509926527515\n ],\n [\n -114.58100001192527,\n 36.83018971496931\n ],\n [\n -117.12871205149412,\n 36.83018971496931\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thordarson, William","contributorId":23539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordarson","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.P.","contributorId":7685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70271733,"text":"70271733 - 1971 - Water resources of the Coamo area, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-22T19:42:27.140657","indexId":"70271733","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T11:17:07","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources of the Coamo area, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"

This study, like other similar studies, was made possible by a cooperative water-resources program between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority (at the time), representing also the Puerto Rico Aqueduct & Sewer Authority and the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company.

This report covers the hydrologic investigation made in 1967 in the Coamo area, on the south coast of Puerto Rico. The purpose of the investigation was to make a preliminary, intensive reconnaissance of the water resources of the area. Emphasis was on the Coamo fan, which is essentially coextensive with the coastal plain.

The scope of the investigation covered the collection, analysis, and interpretation of hydrologic data so as to arrive at a linkage between how much, where, and what type of water is available in relation to the water needs of the area (largely for irrigation).

This report is based in good part on the field work of Ralph Gonzalez, hydrologic assistant for the project, who installed and maintained in working order most of the recording instruments and collected most of the field data. We acknowledge the cooperation of Luce & Company, owner or user of most of the water wells in the area. Its personnel guided us to their wells and provided invaluable records on well yield and rainfall.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70271733","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico","usgsCitation":"Giusti, E.V., 1971, Water resources of the Coamo area, Puerto Rico, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70271733.","productDescription":"31 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495869,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70271733/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":495868,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70271733/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Puerto Rico","city":"Coamo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.41782863900221,\n 18.61812040597721\n ],\n [\n -67.41782863900221,\n 17.80333089063508\n ],\n [\n -65.56416750050371,\n 17.80333089063508\n ],\n [\n -65.56416750050371,\n 18.61812040597721\n ],\n [\n -67.41782863900221,\n 18.61812040597721\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giusti, Ennio V.","contributorId":35301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giusti","given":"Ennio","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":949219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047678,"text":"70047678 - 1971 - Open-channel integrating-type flow meter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-05T13:36:34","indexId":"70047678","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T10:59:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Open-channel integrating-type flow meter","docAbstract":"A relatively inexpensive meter for measuring cumulative flow in open channels with a rated control,. called a \"totalizer\", was developed. It translates the nonlinear function of gage height to flow by use of a cam and a float. A variable resistance element in an electronic circuit is controlled by the float so that the electron flow in the circuit corresponds to the flow of water. The flow of electricity causes electroplating of an electrode with silver. The amount of silver deposited is proportionate to the flow of water. The total flow of water is determined by removing the silver from the electrode at a fixed rate with ·an electronic device and recording the time for removal with a counter. The circuit is designed so that the ,resultant reading on the counter is in acre-feet of water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Albuquerque, NM","doi":"10.3133/70047678","usgsCitation":"Koopman, K., 1971, Open-channel integrating-type flow meter: Open-File Report, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70047678.","productDescription":"25 p.","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70047678.jpg"},{"id":278737,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047678/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52136e37e4b0b08f44619916","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koopman, K.C.","contributorId":75424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koopman","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70119525,"text":"70119525 - 1971 - Action report: conservation and enhancement of fish and wildlife in the National Water Resources Program. State fish and game departments, national conservation organizations, and Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-07T10:40:37","indexId":"70119525","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T10:37:06","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Action report: conservation and enhancement of fish and wildlife in the National Water Resources Program. State fish and game departments, national conservation organizations, and Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Bond, T., 1971, Action report: conservation and enhancement of fish and wildlife in the National Water Resources Program. State fish and game departments, national conservation organizations, and Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291827,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e492c4e4b0fff40428a546","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bond, T.J.","contributorId":41349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bond","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231035,"text":"70231035 - 1971 - Application of remote sensing techniques for appraising changes in wildlife habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-29T15:06:34.226612","indexId":"70231035","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T09:38:49","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Application of remote sensing techniques for appraising changes in wildlife habitat","docAbstract":"

An attempt was made to investigate the potential of airborne, multispectral, line scanner data acquisition and computer-implemented automatic recognition techniques for providing useful information about waterfowl breeding habitat in North Dakota. The spectral characteristics of the components of a landscape containing waterfowl habitat can be detected with airborne scanners. By analyzing these spectral characteristics it is possible to identify and map the landscape components through analog and digital processing methods. At the present stage of development multispectral remote sensing techniques are not ready for operational application to surveys of migratory bird habitat and other such resources. Further developments are needed to: (1) increase accuracy; (2) decrease retrieval and processing time; and (3) reduce costs.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Workshop in Earth Resources Survey Systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Workshop in Earth Resources Survey Systems","conferenceDate":"May 3-7, 1971","conferenceLocation":"University of Michigan, Michigan, United States","language":"English","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Nelson, H.K., Klett, A.T., and Johnston, J., 1971, Application of remote sensing techniques for appraising changes in wildlife habitat, in International Workshop in Earth Resources Survey Systems, v. 2, University of Michigan, Michigan, United States, May 3-7, 1971, p. 260-288.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"288","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399901,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":399900,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19730007669/downloads/19730007669.pdf","size":"12.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","city":"Woodworth","otherGeospatial":"Missouri Coteau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.52583312988281,\n 46.89070082387964\n ],\n [\n -98.84811401367188,\n 46.89070082387964\n ],\n [\n -98.84811401367188,\n 47.27130916053534\n ],\n [\n -99.52583312988281,\n 47.27130916053534\n ],\n [\n -99.52583312988281,\n 46.89070082387964\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Harvey K.","contributorId":101295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klett, Albert T.","contributorId":290904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klett","given":"Albert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":841797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, John E.","contributorId":38642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"John E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25186,"text":"25186 - 1971 - Notice to lessees and operators of federal oil, gas, and sulphur leases in the outer continental shelf Gulf of Mexico region: OCS order nos. 1 through 12: Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T09:10:19","indexId":"25186","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T09:09:07","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Notice to lessees and operators of federal oil, gas, and sulphur leases in the outer continental shelf Gulf of Mexico region: OCS order nos. 1 through 12: Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/25186","issn":"0364-7064","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Notice to lessees and operators of federal oil, gas, and sulphur leases in the outer continental shelf Gulf of Mexico region: OCS order nos. 1 through 12: Gulf of Mexico, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/25186.","productDescription":"52 p.","numberOfPages":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.86,18.18 ], [ -97.86,30.4 ], [ -81.04,30.4 ], [ -81.04,18.18 ], [ -97.86,18.18 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c64da5e4b0001bd514778d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187504,"text":"70187504 - 1971 - Geysers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T15:20:34","indexId":"70187504","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Geysers","docAbstract":"

A geyser is a special type of hot spring that from time to time spurts water above ground. It differs from most hot springs in having periodic eruptions separated by intervals without flow of water. The temperature of the erupting water is generally nearly at boiling for pure water (212°F or 100°C at sea level). Some geysers erupt less than a foot high, and a few geysers erupt to more than 150 feet. Some small geysers erupt every minute or so, but other geysers are inactive for months or even years between eruptions. Contrary to popular opinion, most geysers are very irregular in their behavior, and each is different in some respects from all others. Among the major geysers, only a few such as Old Faithful in Yellowstone National Park are predictable enough to satisfy an impatient tourist. But even for Old Faithful the interval varies from about 30 to 90 minutes between eruptions, with an average interval of about 65 minutes.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70187504","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Geysers, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70187504.","productDescription":"23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":340841,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70187504/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":340837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70187504/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590c3dd3e4b0e541a038dd39"} ,{"id":70190971,"text":"70190971 - 1971 - Periodic water- and air-temperature records for Utah streams, 1966-70","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-19T14:28:41","indexId":"70190971","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5498,"text":"Utah Basic-Data Release","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"22","title":"Periodic water- and air-temperature records for Utah streams, 1966-70","docAbstract":"

Since 1967, all Geological Survey hydrographers have been instructed to observe and record the water and air temperatures at times when water-discharge measurements were being made at stream-gaging stations in Utah. The frequency of these observations generally varies from I to 5 weeks, depending upon the magnitude of the stream flow.

This report summarizes the periodic water and air temperatures that have been recorded in Utah since that effort began. This information may be of value to individuals or agencies concerned with thermal pollution of streams, or with enforcement of water-quality standards.

A compilation of all daily water-temperature records recorded for streams in Utah by the U. S. Geological Survey during the period 1944-68 is contained in Utah Basic-Data Release No. 19.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights Salt Lake City, Utah","usgsCitation":"Whitaker, G., 1971, Periodic water- and air-temperature records for Utah streams, 1966-70: Utah Basic-Data Release 22, xi, 423 p.","productDescription":"xi, 423 p.","numberOfPages":"436","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345886,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/docview.exe?Folder=TP21-1-430&Title=Basic+Data+Report+22"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-111.046551,41.251716],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-110.750727,40.996847],[-110.715026,40.996347],[-110.539819,40.996346],[-110.500718,40.994746],[-110.375714,40.994947],[-110.250709,40.996089],[-110.237848,40.995427],[-110.125709,40.99655],[-110.121639,40.997101],[-110.048476,40.997555],[-110.006495,40.997815],[-110.000708,40.997352],[-109.999838,40.99733],[-109.97553,40.997912],[-109.855299,40.997614],[-109.854302,40.997661],[-109.715409,40.998191],[-109.713877,40.998266],[-109.676421,40.998395],[-109.534926,40.998143],[-109.500694,40.999127],[-109.250735,41.001009],[-109.231985,41.002059],[-109.173682,41.000859],[-109.050076,41.000659],[-109.048455,40.826081],[-109.049088,40.714562],[-109.048373,40.662602],[-109.048249,40.653601],[-109.048044,40.619231],[-109.050074,40.540358],[-109.049955,40.539901],[-109.050698,40.499963],[-109.050314,40.495092],[-109.050946,40.444368],[-109.050969,40.222662],[-109.050973,40.180849],[-109.050944,40.180712],[-109.050813,40.059579],[-109.050873,40.058915],[-109.050615,39.87497],[-109.05104,39.660472],[-109.051363,39.497674],[-109.050765,39.366677],[-109.051512,39.126095],[-109.052436,38.999985],[-109.053292,38.942878],[-109.053233,38.942467],[-109.053797,38.905284],[-109.053943,38.904414],[-109.054189,38.874984],[-109.057388,38.795456],[-109.059541,38.719888],[-109.060253,38.599328],[-109.059962,38.499987],[-109.060062,38.275489],[-109.054648,38.244921],[-109.041762,38.16469],[-109.041837,38.153022],[-109.04282,37.999301],[-109.042819,37.997068],[-109.043121,37.97426],[-109.041058,37.907236],[-109.041653,37.88117],[-109.041844,37.872788],[-109.041723,37.842051],[-109.041754,37.835826],[-109.041461,37.800105],[-109.042098,37.74999],[-109.041636,37.74021],[-109.04176,37.713182],[-109.041732,37.711214],[-109.042269,37.666067],[-109.042089,37.623795],[-109.042131,37.617662],[-109.041806,37.604171],[-109.041865,37.530726],[-109.041915,37.530653],[-109.043137,37.499992],[-109.043464,37.484711],[-109.04581,37.374993],[-109.046039,37.249993],[-109.045584,37.249351],[-109.045487,37.210844],[-109.045978,37.201831],[-109.045995,37.177279],[-109.045156,37.112064],[-109.045203,37.111958],[-109.045173,37.109464],[-109.045189,37.096271],[-109.044995,37.086429],[-109.045058,37.074661],[-109.045166,37.072742],[-109.045223,36.999084],[-109.181196,36.999271],[-109.233848,36.999266],[-109.246917,36.999346],[-109.26339,36.999263],[-109.268213,36.999242],[-109.270097,36.999266],[-109.378039,36.999135],[-109.381226,36.999148],[-109.495338,36.999105],[-109.625668,36.998308],[-109.875673,36.998504],[-110.000677,36.997968],[-110.000876,36.998502],[-110.021778,36.998602],[-110.47019,36.997997],[-110.490908,37.003566],[-110.50069,37.00426],[-110.599512,37.003448],[-110.625605,37.003416],[-110.62569,37.003721],[-110.75069,37.003197],[-111.066496,37.002389],[-111.133718,37.000779],[-111.254853,37.001077],[-111.278286,37.000465],[-111.405517,37.001497],[-111.405869,37.001481],[-111.412784,37.001478],[-112.35769,37.001025],[-112.368946,37.001125],[-112.534545,37.000684],[-112.538593,37.000674],[-112.540368,37.000669],[-112.545094,37.000734],[-112.558974,37.000692],[-112.609787,37.000753],[-112.899366,37.000319],[-112.966471,37.000219],[-113.965907,36.999976],[-113.965907,37.000025],[-114.0506,37.000396],[-114.051749,37.088434],[-114.051822,37.090976],[-114.052827,37.103961],[-114.051867,37.134292],[-114.052179,37.14711],[-114.051673,37.172368],[-114.051405,37.233854],[-114.051974,37.283848],[-114.051974,37.284511],[-114.0518,37.293044],[-114.0518,37.293548],[-114.051927,37.370459],[-114.051927,37.370734],[-114.051765,37.418083],[-114.052448,37.43144],[-114.052701,37.492014],[-114.052685,37.502513],[-114.052718,37.517264],[-114.052689,37.517859],[-114.052962,37.592783],[-114.052472,37.604776],[-114.051728,37.745997],[-114.051785,37.746249],[-114.05167,37.746958],[-114.051109,37.756276],[-114.049919,37.765586],[-114.048473,37.809861],[-114.049677,37.823645],[-114.049928,37.852508],[-114.049658,37.881368],[-114.050423,37.999961],[-114.049903,38.148601],[-114.050138,38.24996],[-114.049417,38.2647],[-114.05012,38.404536],[-114.050091,38.404673],[-114.050485,38.499955],[-114.049834,38.543784],[-114.049862,38.547764],[-114.050154,38.57292],[-114.049883,38.677365],[-114.049749,38.72921],[-114.049168,38.749951],[-114.049465,38.874949],[-114.048521,38.876197],[-114.048054,38.878693],[-114.049104,39.005509],[-114.047079,39.499943],[-114.047728,39.542742],[-114.047273,39.759413],[-114.047783,39.79416],[-114.047214,39.821024],[-114.047134,39.906037],[-114.046555,39.996899],[-114.046835,40.030131],[-114.046386,40.097896],[-114.046741,40.104231],[-114.046683,40.116931],[-114.046153,40.231971],[-114.046178,40.398313],[-114.045826,40.424823],[-114.045218,40.430282],[-114.045518,40.494474],[-114.045577,40.495801],[-114.045281,40.506586],[-114.043505,40.726292],[-114.043831,40.758666],[-114.043803,40.759205],[-114.043176,40.771675],[-114.042145,40.999926],[-114.041447,41.207752],[-114.042553,41.210923],[-114.041396,41.219958],[-114.040231,41.49169],[-114.040942,41.499921],[-114.040437,41.615377],[-114.039968,41.62492],[-114.039901,41.753781],[-114.041152,41.850595],[-114.041107,41.850573],[-114.039648,41.884816],[-114.041723,41.99372],[-113.993903,41.992698],[-113.893261,41.988057],[-113.822163,41.988479],[-113.796082,41.989104],[-113.76453,41.989459],[-113.500837,41.992799],[-113.496548,41.993305],[-113.431563,41.993799],[-113.40223,41.994161],[-113.396497,41.99425],[-113.357611,41.993859],[-113.340072,41.994747],[-113.250829,41.99561],[-113.249159,41.996203],[-113.000821,41.998223],[-113.00082,41.998223],[-112.979218,41.998263],[-112.909587,41.998791],[-112.882367,41.998922],[-112.880619,41.998921],[-112.833125,41.999345],[-112.833084,41.999305],[-112.788542,41.999681],[-112.709375,42.000309],[-112.648019,42.000307],[-112.450814,42.000953],[-112.450567,42.001092],[-112.38617,42.001126],[-112.264936,42.000991],[-112.239107,42.001217],[-112.192976,42.001167],[-112.173352,41.996568],[-112.163956,41.996708],[-112.109532,41.997598],[-112.01218,41.99835],[-111.915837,41.998519],[-111.915622,41.998496],[-111.876491,41.998528],[-111.750778,41.99933],[-111.507264,41.999518],[-111.471381,41.999739],[-111.425535,42.00084],[-111.420898,42.000793],[-111.415873,42.000748],[-111.046689,42.001567],[-111.045818,41.579845],[-111.045789,41.565571],[-111.046264,41.377731],[-111.0466,41.360692],[-111.046551,41.251716]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Utah\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59c22cb6e4b091459a61b74f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitaker, G.L.","contributorId":36983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitaker","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175671,"text":"70175671 - 1971 - Records of precipitation, water levels, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:59:55","indexId":"70175671","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"27","title":"Records of precipitation, water levels, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1970","docAbstract":"

No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Puente, C., 1971, Records of precipitation, water levels, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1970: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 27, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326770,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b56e4b03bcb0104bc4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puente, Celso","contributorId":36140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puente","given":"Celso","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}