Low-permeability sandstones of the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation cover about 45,000 mi2 (117,000 km2) of the Appalachian basin and may contain as much as 30 tcf of recoverable gas resources. Major reservoirs consist of the \"Clinton\" sandstone and Medina Group sandstones. The stratigraphically equivalent Tuscarora Sandstone increases the area of the Lower Silurian regional accumulation (LSRA) by another 30,000 mi2 (78,000 km2). Approximately 8.7 tcf of gas and 400 million bbl of oil have been produced from the Clinton/Medina reservoirs since 1880. The eastern predominantly gas-bearing part of the LSRA is a basin-center gas accumulation, whereas the western part is a conventional oil and gas accumulation with hybrid features of a basin-center accumulation. The basin-center accumulations have pervasive gas saturation, water near irreducible saturation, and generally low fluid pressures. In contrast, the hybrid-conventional accumulations have less-pervasive oil and gas saturation, higher mobile-water saturation, and both normal and abnormally low fluid pressures. High mobile-water saturation in the hybrid-conventional reservoirs form the updip trap for the basin-center gas creating a broad transition zone, tens of miles wide, that has characteristics of both end-member accumulation types. Although the Tuscarora Sandstone part of the basin-center gas accumulation is pervasively saturated with gas, most of its constituent sandstone beds have low porosity and permeability. Commercial gas fields in the Tuscarora Sandstone are trapped in naturally fractured, faulted anticlines. The origin of the LSRA includes (1) generation of oil and gas from Ordovician black shales, (2) vertical migration through an overlying 1000-ft (305-m)-thick Ordovician shale; (3) abnormally high fluid pressure created by oil-to-gas transformation; (4) updip displacement of mobile pore water by overpressured gas; (5) entrapment of pervasive gas in the basin center; (6) postorogenic uplift and erosion, causing gas leakage and a marked reduction in fluid pressure. Most future natural-gas production in the Clinton/Medina sandstones is anticipated to come from the basin-center accumulation. The Tuscarora Sandstone has additional gas resources but typically low reservoir porosity and permeability, and the likelihood of low-energy (in British thermal units) gas reduce the incentive to explore for it.
","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Ryder, R., and Zagorski, W.A., 2003, Nature, origin, and production characteristics of the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation, central Appalachian basin, United States: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 87, no. 5, p. 847-872.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"847","endPage":"872","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":412309,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2003/05may/0847/0847.HTM","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"central Appalachian basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.22087224995312,\n 37.14193039881482\n ],\n [\n -79.42614268080973,\n 37.7197620463491\n ],\n [\n -78.31817328983345,\n 38.947059857418964\n ],\n [\n -77.06035685512109,\n 40.291781485417175\n ],\n [\n -76.35887688757964,\n 40.53283472868665\n ],\n [\n -76.11968409564065,\n 41.46194866307101\n ],\n [\n -76.35255639040207,\n 42.445720601734195\n ],\n [\n -76.37745041933016,\n 43.14701748304651\n ],\n [\n -77.92670278656017,\n 43.043519715217656\n ],\n [\n -79.78893709803081,\n 43.1347488994127\n ],\n [\n -80.77801944253606,\n 42.587121744523984\n ],\n [\n -82.50725354099583,\n 40.98023587484232\n ],\n [\n -83.25982261636119,\n 39.162997016125445\n ],\n [\n -83.20070809563255,\n 38.310807210443045\n ],\n [\n -81.92309476615338,\n 37.33564764620448\n ],\n [\n -81.22026900493198,\n 37.12180422706956\n ],\n [\n -81.22005305158692,\n 37.10318072027786\n ],\n [\n -81.22087224995312,\n 37.14193039881482\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a63a2e4b0c8380cd725ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryder, R.","contributorId":42765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zagorski, W. 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Between 1995 and 1998, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, drilled three continuously cored holes to the south and to the east of the type section of the Middendorf Formation, which is located in Chesterfield County, South Carolina. In addition, two outcrops to the northeast of the type section were sampled for biostratigraphic control. The litho- and biostratigraphic relations of the units in these cores and outcrops provide significant insights into the age of the Middendorf Formation at its type locality, and how this age impacts regional correlations of the formation. A projection of formational contacts and thicknesses from downdip areas into the type locality of the Middendorf Formation indicates that the type section is most likely a facies of either the uppermost Bladen Formation (of the Black Creek Group), or the uppermost Bladen and the lowermost part of the Peedee Formations. This report documents the evidence that support this interpretation. The implication of this interpretation is that the name \"Middendorf\" has been applied to a variety of units throughout the southeastern United States, all of which display a similar lithology, but differ significantly in stratigraphic position and age. For these reasons, we recommend that the name Middendorf be restricted for use with strata that occur only in the vicinity of the type locality, and use of the name \"Middendorf\" for units elsewhere in the Coastal Plain be reconsidered.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00383678","usgsCitation":"Prowell, D., Christopher, R.A., Waters, K., and Nix, S., 2003, The chrono- and lithostratigraphic significance of the type section of the Middendorf Formation, Chesterfield County, South Carolina: Southeastern Geology, v. 42, no. 1, p. 47-66.","startPage":"47","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa34e4b08c986b322768","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prowell, D.C.","contributorId":95475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prowell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christopher, R. A.","contributorId":53775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christopher","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waters, K.E.","contributorId":99356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waters","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nix, S.K.","contributorId":77723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nix","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025502,"text":"70025502 - 2003 - New K-Ar ages and the geologic evidence against rejuvenated-stage volcanism at Haleakalā, East Maui, a postshield-stage volcano of the Hawaiian island chain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-27T21:02:40.422236","indexId":"70025502","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New K-Ar ages and the geologic evidence against rejuvenated-stage volcanism at Haleakalā, East Maui, a postshield-stage volcano of the Hawaiian island chain","docAbstract":"The postshield and previously inferred rejuvenated-stage history of Haleakalā volcano is reevaluated on the basis of 52 new K-Ar ages, 42 from the postshield Kula Volcanics and 10 from the overlying Hāna Volcanics. Postshield extrusion was robust from 0.93 to 0.76 Ma. A period of low extrusion rate or volcanic quiescence occurred between 0.76 and 0.65 Ma, well within Kula time. A chemical change to increasingly alkalic lava occurred at this time as the volcano changed from broadly hawaiitic to basanitic in its eruptive products and robust extrusion resumed. A slightly longer period of low extrusion rate or quiescence occurred after ca. 0.4 Ma, but only trifling change in geochemical character is observed. Geochemically, the Hāna Volcanics unit, chiefly basanitic, overlaps greatly with the upper part of the Kula Volcanics; there is a weak tendency to slightly more alkaline character among the Hāna Volcanics.
\nThe age of the Kula/Hāna boundary is ca. 0.15–0.12 Ma; thus, volcanic quiescence of only ∼0.03 m.y. separates the two formations, much shorter than the previously known limit of 0.25–0.30 m.y. The brevity of this hiatus, coupled with coincident vent loci and broadly similar geochemical characteristics for the Hāna and the upper part of the Kula Volcanics, indicates that the Hāna Volcanics unit comprises deposits of postshield-stage volcanism that has waned substantially since ca. 0.4–0.3 Ma. Haleakalā has not yet begun a classically defined rejuvenated stage. Our findings support recent numerical modeling of plume-lithosphere interactions that predict that Haleakalā is near the end of its postshield growth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0683:NKAATG>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., Nishimitsu, Y., and Tagami, T., 2003, New K-Ar ages and the geologic evidence against rejuvenated-stage volcanism at Haleakalā, East Maui, a postshield-stage volcano of the Hawaiian island chain: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 6, p. 683-694, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0683:NKAATG>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"683","endPage":"694","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235937,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Haleakalā volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.26609802246094,\n 20.69574627626688\n ],\n [\n -156.2427520751953,\n 20.69574627626688\n ],\n [\n -156.2427520751953,\n 20.722079783730962\n ],\n [\n -156.26609802246094,\n 20.722079783730962\n ],\n [\n -156.26609802246094,\n 20.69574627626688\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"115","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a651ee4b0c8380cd72b0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":405441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nishimitsu, Yoshitomo","contributorId":17808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishimitsu","given":"Yoshitomo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tagami, Takahiro","contributorId":7474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tagami","given":"Takahiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025498,"text":"70025498 - 2003 - Taking the pulse of mountains: Ecosystem responses to climatic variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-10T19:28:46","indexId":"70025498","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taking the pulse of mountains: Ecosystem responses to climatic variability","docAbstract":"An integrated program of ecosystem modeling and field studies in the mountains of the Pacific Northwest (U.S.A.) has quantified many of the ecological processes affected by climatic variability. Paleoecological and contemporary ecological data in forest ecosystems provided model parameterization and validation at broad spatial and temporal scales for tree growth, tree regeneration and treeline movement. For subalpine tree species, winter precipitation has a strong negative correlation with growth; this relationship is stronger at higher elevations and west-side sites (which have more precipitation). Temperature affects tree growth at some locations with respect to length of growing season (spring) and severity of drought at drier sites (summer). Furthermore, variable but predictable climate-growth relationships across elevation gradients suggest that tree species respond differently to climate at different locations, making a uniform response of these species to future climatic change unlikely. Multi-decadal variability in climate also affects ecosystem processes. Mountain hemlock growth at high-elevation sites is negatively correlated with winter snow depth and positively correlated with the winter Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index. At low elevations, the reverse is true. Glacier mass balance and fire severity are also linked to PDO. Rapid establishment of trees in subalpine ecosystems during this century is increasing forest cover and reducing meadow cover at many subalpine locations in the western U.S.A. and precipitation (snow depth) is a critical variable regulating conifer expansion. Lastly, modeling potential future ecosystem conditions suggests that increased climatic variability will result in increasing forest fire size and frequency, and reduced net primary productivity in drier, east-side forest ecosystems. As additional empirical data and modeling output become available, we will improve our ability to predict the effects of climatic change across a broad range of climates and mountain ecosystems in the northwestern U.S.A.
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\"}}]}","volume":"59","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3bde4b08c986b31fe6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":405422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, David L.","contributorId":94643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":405421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hessl, Amy E.","contributorId":44517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hessl","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025291,"text":"70025291 - 2003 - Salton Trough regional deformation estimated from combined trilateration and survey-mode GPS data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-26T16:41:30.65017","indexId":"70025291","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Salton Trough regional deformation estimated from combined trilateration and survey-mode GPS data","docAbstract":"The Salton Trough in southeastern California, United States, has one of the highest seismicity and deformation rates in southern California, including 20 earthquakes M 6 or larger since 1892. From 1972 through 1987, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) measured a 41-station trilateration network in this region. We remeasured 37 of the USGS baselines using survey-mode Global Positioning System methods from 1995 through 1999. We estimate the Salton Trough deformation field over a nearly 30-year period through combined analysis of baseline length time series from these two datasets. Our primary result is that strain accumulation has been steady over our observation span, at a resolution of about 0.05 μstrain/yr at 95% confidence, with no evidence for significant long-term strain transients despite the occurrence of seven large regional earthquakes during our observation period. Similar to earlier studies, we find that the regional strain field is consistent with 0.5 ± 0.03 μstrain/yr total engineering shear strain along an axis oriented 311.6° ± 23° east of north, approximately parallel to the strike of the major regional faults, the San Andreas and San Jacinto (all uncertainties in the text and tables are standard deviations unless otherwise noted). We also find that (1) the shear strain rate near the San Jacinto fault is at least as high as it is near the San Andreas fault, (2) the areal dilatation near the southeastern Salton Sea is significant, and (3) one station near the southeastern Salton Sea moved anomalously during the period 1987.95-1995.11.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120030014","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Anderson, G., Agnew, D., and Johnson, H., 2003, Salton Trough regional deformation estimated from combined trilateration and survey-mode GPS data: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 93, no. 6, p. 2402-2414, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120030014.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2402","endPage":"2414","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"southeast California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.72949218749999,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -117.72949218749999,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -117.72949218749999,\n 32.58384932565662\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ab03ae4b0c8380cd879cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, G.","contributorId":26490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agnew, D.C.","contributorId":32186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agnew","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, H.O.","contributorId":13796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"H.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025141,"text":"70025141 - 2003 - Effects of CRP field age and cover type on ring-necked pheasants in eastern South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70025141","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of CRP field age and cover type on ring-necked pheasants in eastern South Dakota","docAbstract":"Loss of native grasslands to tillage has increased the importance of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) grasslands to maintain ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) populations. Despite the importance of CRP to pheasants, little is known about the effects of CRP field age and cover type on pheasant abundance and productivity in the northern Great Plains. Therefore, we assessed effects of these characteristics on pheasant use of CRP fields. We stratified CRP grasslands (n=42) by CRP stand age (old [10-13 yrs] vs. new [1-3 yrs] grasslands) and cover type (CP1 [cool-season grasslands] vs. CP2 [warm-season grasslands]) in eastern South Dakota and used crowing counts and roadside brood counts to index ring-necked pheasant abundance and productivity. Field-age and cover-type effects on pheasant abundance and productivity were largely the result of differences in vegetation structure among fields. More crowing pheasants were recorded in old cool-season CRP fields than any other age or cover type, and more broods were recorded in cool- than warm-season CRP fields. Extending existing CRP contracts another 5-10 years would provide the time necessary for new fields to acquire the vegetative structure used most by pheasants without a gap in habitat availability. Cool-season grass-legume mixtures (CP1) that support higher pheasant productivity should be given equal or higher ratings than warm-season (CP2) grass stands. We also recommend that United States Department of Agriculture administrators and field staff provide broader and more flexible guidelines on what seed mixtures can be used in CRP grassland plantings in the northern Great Plains. This would allow landowners and natural resource professionals who manage pheasant habitat to plant a mosaic of cool- and warm-season CRP grassland habitats.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Eggebo, S., Higgins, K., Naugle, D., and Quamen, F., 2003, Effects of CRP field age and cover type on ring-necked pheasants in eastern South Dakota: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 31, no. 3, p. 779-785.","startPage":"779","endPage":"785","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0648e4b0c8380cd511ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eggebo, S.L.","contributorId":107909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggebo","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higgins, K.F.","contributorId":55767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naugle, D.E.","contributorId":85289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naugle","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quamen, F.R.","contributorId":89326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quamen","given":"F.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025030,"text":"70025030 - 2003 - Recent and historical distributions of Canada lynx in Maine and the Northeast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T17:47:18.091752","indexId":"70025030","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent and historical distributions of Canada lynx in Maine and the Northeast","docAbstract":"The contiguous United States population of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis Kerr) is listed as threatened under the federal Endangered Species Act. However, the historic distribution of lynx in the Northeast is poorly understood. We used museum records, bibliographic records, and interviews to reconstruct the past distribution of lynx in Maine, which is at the current southern limit of the species' distribution in the eastern United States. We found a total of 118 records, representing at least 509 lynx in Maine. Lynx were observed throughout Maine, 1833–1912, with the exception of coastal areas. After 1913, lynx were most common in the forests of western and northern Maine, and absent to rare along the coast, but had not returned to southern Maine by 1999. Thirty-nine kittens representing at least 21 litters were distributed throughout northern and western Maine, 1864–1999. Populations apparently fluctuated, and in some years 200–300 lynx were harvested in Maine. Prior to the 1900s, lynx were much more widely distributed in the Northeast, ranging from Pennsylvania north into Quebec. Because Canada lynx have had a long presence in northern New England, and at times were relatively common, this species merits serious consideration in conservation planning in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1656/1092-6194(2003)010[0363:RAHDOC]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Hoving, C., Joseph, R., and Krohn, W., 2003, Recent and historical distributions of Canada lynx in Maine and the Northeast: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 10, no. 4, p. 363-382, https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2003)010[0363:RAHDOC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"382","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388319,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northeast United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.12597656249999,\n 47.45780853075031\n ],\n [\n -70.09277343749999,\n 46.437856895024204\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -71.5869140625,\n 44.96479793033101\n ],\n [\n -74.619140625,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n -78.9697265625,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -79.453125,\n 42.4234565179383\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -75.2783203125,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -73.740234375,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -69.60937499999999,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -67.236328125,\n 43.61221676817573\n ],\n [\n -66.9287109375,\n 44.902577996288876\n ],\n [\n -67.8955078125,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -69.12597656249999,\n 47.45780853075031\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95e5e4b0c8380cd81cd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoving, C.L.","contributorId":32333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoving","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joseph, R.A.","contributorId":69331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joseph","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krohn, W.B.","contributorId":64355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024969,"text":"70024969 - 2003 - Deformation and the timing of gas generation and migration in the eastern Brooks Range foothills, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-25T15:22:49.377632","indexId":"70024969","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation and the timing of gas generation and migration in the eastern Brooks Range foothills, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","docAbstract":"Along the southeast border of the 1002 Assessment Area in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, an explicit link between gas generation and deformation in the Brooks Range fold and thrust belt is provided through petrographic, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope analyses of fracture cements integrated with zircon fission-track data. Predominantly quartz-cemented fractures, collected from thrusted Triassic and Jurassic rocks, contain crack-seal textures, healed microcracks, and curved crystals and fluid inclusion populations, which suggest that cement growth occurred before, during, and after deformation. Fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures (175–250![\"deg\"](\"https://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2003/11nov/1823/IMAGES/DEG.JPG\")
C) and temperature trends in fracture samples suggest that cements grew at 7–10 km depth during the transition from burial to uplift and during early uplift. CH4-rich (dry gas) inclusions in the Shublik Formation and Kingak Shale are consistent with inclusion entrapment at high thermal maturity for these source rocks. Pressure modeling of these CH4-rich inclusions suggests that pore fluids were overpressured during fracture cementation.
Zircon fission-track data in the area record postdeposition denudation associated with early Brooks Range deformation at 64 ![\"plusmn\"](\"https://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2003/11nov/1823/IMAGES/PLUSMN.JPG\")
3 Ma. With a closure temperature of 225–240C, the zircon fission-track data overlap homogenization temperatures of coeval aqueous inclusions and inclusions containing dry gas in Kingak and Shublik fracture cements. This critical time-temperature relationship suggests that fracture cementation occurred during early Brooks Range deformation. Dry gas inclusions suggest that Shublik and Kingak source rocks had exceeded peak oil and gas generation temperatures at the time structural traps formed during early Brooks Range deformation. The timing of hydrocarbon generation with respect to deformation therefore represents an important exploration risk for gas exploration in this part of the Brooks Range fold and thrust belt. The persistence of gas high at thermal maturity levels suggests, however, that significant volumes of gas may have been generated.
Previous research has indicated fewer host-specific ectoparasites on woodrats of the eastern United States as compared to western woodrat species. The Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) is a species of conservation concern that is associated with rocky habitats in the Appalachian and Interior Highland regions in the eastern United States. We examined Allegheny woodrat flea parasites in the core of the distribution to further elucidate patterns of ectoparasite host specificity in woodrats of the eastern United States. Of 346 fleas collected from 62 Allegheny woodrats, all but 1 were identified as Orchopeas pennsylvanicus. The single exception was a male Epitedia cavernicola, which represents only the second collection of this species from West Virginia. Unlike the eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana), which hosts a variety of generalist flea parasites, Allegheny woodrats in our study were host to only 2 flea species, both of which are host specific to woodrats. We suggest that flea host specificity may be related to the specific habitat requirements of this species.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2003)149[0233:FSOTAW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Castleberry, S., Castleberry, N., Wood, P., Ford, W., and Mengak, M., 2003, Fleas (Siphonaptera) of the Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) in West Virginia with comments on host specificity: American Midland Naturalist, v. 149, no. 1, p. 233-236, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2003)149[0233:FSOTAW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"236","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"149","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10d4e4b0c8380cd53e13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Castleberry, S.B.","contributorId":58975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castleberry","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castleberry, N.L.","contributorId":35925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castleberry","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, P.B. 0000-0002-8575-1705","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-1705","contributorId":103992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W.M.","contributorId":50475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mengak, M.T.","contributorId":40777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mengak","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026031,"text":"70026031 - 2003 - Impact damage to dinocysts from the Late Eocene Chesapeake Bay event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T18:29:52.773325","indexId":"70026031","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3000,"text":"Palaios","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact damage to dinocysts from the Late Eocene Chesapeake Bay event","docAbstract":"The Chesapeake Bay impact structure, formed by a comet or meteorite that struck the Virginia continental shelf about 35.5 million years ago, is the focus of an extensive coring project by the U.S. Geological Survey and its cooperators. Organic-walled dinocysts recovered from impact-generated deposits in a deep core inside the 85-90 km-wide crater include welded organic clumps and fused, partially melted and bubbled dinocysts unlike any previously observed. Other observed damage to dinocysts consists of breakage, pitting, and folding in various combinations. The entire marine Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene section that was once present at the site has been excavated and redeposited under extreme conditions that include shock, heat, collapse, tsunamis, and airfall. The preserved dinocysts reflect these conditions and, as products of a known impact, may serve as guides for recognizing impact-related deposits elsewhere. Features that are not unique to impacts, such as breakage and folding, may offer new insights into crater-history studies in general, and to the history of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure in particular. Impact-damaged dinocysts also are found sporadically in post-impact deposits and add to the story of continuing erosion and faulting of crater material.","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.1669/0883-1351(2003)018<0275:IDTDFT>2.0.CO;2","issn":"08831351","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., and Powars, D.S., 2003, Impact damage to dinocysts from the Late Eocene Chesapeake Bay event: Palaios, v. 18, no. 3, p. 275-285, https://doi.org/10.1669/0883-1351(2003)018<0275:IDTDFT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"285","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388325,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.09130859375,\n 39.60145584096999\n ],\n [\n -76.5911865234375,\n 39.27053717095511\n ],\n [\n -76.6021728515625,\n 38.89958342598271\n ],\n [\n -76.6845703125,\n 38.298559092254344\n ],\n [\n -77.069091796875,\n 38.363195134453846\n ],\n [\n -76.8438720703125,\n 38.14751758025121\n ],\n [\n -76.3055419921875,\n 37.913867495923746\n ],\n [\n -76.37695312499999,\n 37.62728430268013\n ],\n [\n -76.37695312499999,\n 37.36142550190517\n ],\n [\n -76.46484375,\n 37.41816326969145\n ],\n [\n -76.475830078125,\n 37.16907157713011\n ],\n [\n -76.2890625,\n 37.02448395075965\n ],\n [\n -76.1187744140625,\n 36.91915611148194\n ],\n [\n -75.69030761718749,\n 37.84883250647402\n ],\n [\n -75.8551025390625,\n 37.97884504049713\n ],\n [\n -76.278076171875,\n 38.40194908237822\n ],\n [\n -76.102294921875,\n 38.66406704456943\n ],\n [\n -76.17919921875,\n 39.031986028740086\n ],\n [\n -76.2725830078125,\n 39.16839998800286\n ],\n [\n -75.89355468749999,\n 39.410733055084954\n ],\n [\n -75.8331298828125,\n 39.554883059924016\n ],\n [\n -76.09130859375,\n 39.60145584096999\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38ade4b0c8380cd61656","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":407596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":407597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026098,"text":"70026098 - 2003 - Eolian sand transport pathways in the southwestern United States: Importance of the Colorado River and local sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T16:26:20","indexId":"70026098","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eolian sand transport pathways in the southwestern United States: Importance of the Colorado River and local sources","docAbstract":"Geomorphologists have long recognized that eolian sand transport pathways extend over long distances in desert regions. Along such pathways, sediment transport by wind can surmount topographic obstacles and cross major drainages. Recent studies have suggested that three distinct eolian sand transport pathways exist (or once existed) in the Mojave and Sonoran Desert regions of the southwestern United States. One hypothesized pathway is colian sand transport from the eastern Mojave Desert of California into western Arizona, near Parker, and would require sand movement across what must have been at least a seasonally dry Colorado River valley. We tested this hypothesis by mineralogical, geochemical and magnetic analyses of eolian sands on both sides of the Colorado River, as well as sediment from the river itself. Results indicate that dunes on opposite sides of the Colorado River are mineralogically distinct: eastern California dunes are feldspar-rich whereas western Arizona dunes are quartz-rich, derived from quartz-rich Colorado River sediments. Because of historic vegetation changes, little new sediment from the Colorado River is presently available to supply the Parker dunes. Based on this study and previous work, the Colorado River is now known to be the source of sand for at least three of the major dune fields of the Sonoran Desert of western Arizona and northern Mexico. On the other hand, locally derived alluvium appears to be a more important source of dune fields in the Mojave Desert of California. Although many geomorphologists have stressed the importance of large fluvial systems in the origin of desert dune fields, few empirical data actually exist to support this theory. The results presented here demonstrate that a major river system in the southwestern United States is a barrier to the migration of some dune fields, but essential to the origin of others. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1040-6182(02)00131-3","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Reynolds, R.L., Been, J., and Skipp, G., 2003, Eolian sand transport pathways in the southwestern United States: Importance of the Colorado River and local sources: Quaternary International, v. 104, no. 1, p. 3-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(02)00131-3.","startPage":"3","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208939,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(02)00131-3"},{"id":235060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a01e4b0c8380cd52156","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, R. L. 0000-0002-4572-2942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":79885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":407897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Been, J.","contributorId":24949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Been","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skipp, G.","contributorId":49899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skipp","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025923,"text":"70025923 - 2003 - Site response, shallow shear-wave velocity, and wave propagation at the San Jose, California, dense seismic array","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-25T15:59:39","indexId":"70025923","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Site response, shallow shear-wave velocity, and wave propagation at the San Jose, California, dense seismic array","docAbstract":"Ground-motion records from a 52-element dense seismic array near San Jose, California, are analyzed to obtain site response, shallow shear-wave velocity, and plane-wave propagation characteristics. The array, located on the eastern side of the Santa Clara Valley south of the San Francisco Bay, is sited over the Evergreen basin, a 7-km-deep depression with Miocene and younger deposits. Site response values below 4 Hz are up to a factor of 2 greater when larger, regional records are included in the analysis, due to strong surface-wave development within the Santa Clara Valley. The pattern of site amplification is the same, however, with local or regional events. Site amplification increases away from the eastern edge of the Santa Clara Valley, reaching a maximum over the western edge of the Evergreen basin, where the pre-Cenozoic basement shallows rapidly. Amplification then decreases further to the west. This pattern may be caused by lower shallow shear-wave velocities and thicker Quaternary deposits further from the edge of the Santa Clara Valley and generation/trapping of surface waves above the shallowing basement of the western Evergreen basin. Shear-wave velocities from the inversion of site response spectra based on smaller, local earthquakes compare well with those obtained independently from our seismic reflection/refraction measurements. Velocities from the inversion of site spectra that include larger, regional records do not compare well with these measurements. A mix of local and regional events, however, is appropriate for determination of site response to be used in seismic hazard evaluation, since large damaging events would excite both body and surface waves with a wide range in ray parameters. Frequency-wavenumber, plane-wave analysis is used to determine the backazimuth and apparent velocity of coherent phases at the array. Conventional, high-resolution, and multiple signal characterization f-k power spectra and stacked slowness power spectra are compared. These spectra show surface waves generated/ scattered at the edges of the Santa Clara Valley and possibly within the valley at the western edge of the Evergreen basin.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120020080","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Hartzell, S., Carver, D., Williams, R.A., Harmsen, S., and Zerva, A., 2003, Site response, shallow shear-wave velocity, and wave propagation at the San Jose, California, dense seismic array: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 93, no. 1, p. 443-464, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120020080.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"443","endPage":"464","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.43988037109374,\n 37.111050607616356\n ],\n [\n -122.43988037109374,\n 37.554376365024865\n ],\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 37.554376365024865\n ],\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 37.111050607616356\n ],\n [\n -122.43988037109374,\n 37.111050607616356\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90f9e4b08c986b31970f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartzell, S.","contributorId":12603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carver, D.","contributorId":22792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carver","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, R. A.","contributorId":82323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harmsen, S.","contributorId":79600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmsen","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zerva, A.","contributorId":107899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zerva","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025876,"text":"70025876 - 2003 - The early Mesozoic Birdsboro central Atlantic margin basin in the Mid-Atlantic region, eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:33","indexId":"70025876","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The early Mesozoic Birdsboro central Atlantic margin basin in the Mid-Atlantic region, eastern United States","docAbstract":"The early Mesozoic Birdsboro basin (new name) was a single, elongate depositional trough in the present Mid-Atlantic area of the eastern United States, extending north-eastward from central Virginia across Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey into southern New York. What now remains after erosion comprises the Barboursville, Culpeper, Gettysburg, and Newark remnants. Some 7?? km of late Triassic and early Jurassic continental sediments of varying provenances entered and spread across in the Birdsboro basin in several depositional environments. The five resulting sedimentary lithosomes include feldspathic sandstone, quartzose sandstone, red silty mudstone, gray shale, and fanglomerate. The extensive interbedding, intertonguing, and lateral gradation among these lithosomes suggest that they were contemporary and closely interrelated. The feldspathic sandstone lithosome contains sediment with a southeastern provenance that accumulated in a bajada environment extending the length of the southeastern side of the basin. Sediment in the quartzose sandstone lithosome had a northwestern provenance-the coarse-grained fraction formed regional alluvial fans at the mouths of four major input centers. The finer-grained fraction was deposited in the distal reaches of these fans and in the playa environments in the interfan areas; this fraction formed the red silty mudstone lithosome. Gray/black shales and argillites of the gray shale lithosome accumulated in lacustrine environments in the interfan areas. The fanglomerate lithosome comprises numerous small, lobate deposits of poorly sorted sediment along both basin margins. The location and time of activity of the northwest input centers largely determined the distribution and areal extent of the various depositional environments and consequent lithosome along the length and across the width of the basin. The Birdsboro basin was deformed (tilted, faulted, and folded) sometime after the deposition of the youngest preserved rocks (early Sinemurian). The deformation varied along the length of the basin, producing differences in the amount of tilting, structural elevation, and subsequent erosion. The present erosional remnants create the illusion of four originally separate depositional basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0406:TEMBCA>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Faill, R.T., 2003, The early Mesozoic Birdsboro central Atlantic margin basin in the Mid-Atlantic region, eastern United States: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 4, p. 406-421, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0406:TEMBCA>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"406","endPage":"421","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208873,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0406:TEMBCA>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":234942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baaede4b08c986b322add","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faill, R. T.","contributorId":79639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faill","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001754,"text":"1001754 - 2003 - Effects of prairie fragmentation on the nest success of breeding birds in the midcontinental United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T09:11:48","indexId":"1001754","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of prairie fragmentation on the nest success of breeding birds in the midcontinental United States","docAbstract":"Grassland fragmentation and habitat loss are hypothesized to be contributing to widespread grassland bird declines in North America due to the adverse effects of fragmentation on breeding bird abundance and reproductive success. To assess the effects of fragmentation on the reproductive success of grassland birds, we measured rates of nest predation and brood parasitism for four species of birds ( Grasshopper Sparrow [Ammodramus savannaru], Henslow's Sparrow[Ammodramus henslowii], Eastern Meadowlark [ Sturnella magna], and Dickcissel [ Spiza Americana] ) in 39 prairie fragments ranging from 24 to>40,000 ha in size in five states in the mid-continental United States. Throughout the region, nest-predation rates were significantly influenced by habitat fragmentation. Nest predation was highest in small (<100 ha ) and lowest in large ( >1000 ha ) prairie fragments. Rates of brood parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds ( Molothrus ater ), however, were not consistently related to fragment size and instead were more strongly related to regional cowbird abundance, being significantly higher in regions with high cowbird abundance. Differences in nest-predation rates between large fragments ( 54–68% of all nests lost to predators ) and small fragments ( 78–84% lost to predators ) suggest that fragmentation of prairie habitats may be contributing to regional declines of grassland birds. Maintaining grassland bird populations, therefore, may require protection and restoration of large prairie areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"WIley","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01418.x","usgsCitation":"Herkert, J., Reinking, D., Wiedenfeld, D., Winter, M., Zimmerman, J., Jensen, W., Finck, E., Koford, R.R., Wolfe, D., Sherrod, S.K., Jenkins, M., Faaborg, J., and Robinson, S., 2003, Effects of prairie fragmentation on the nest success of breeding birds in the midcontinental United States: Conservation Biology, v. 17, p. 587-594, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01418.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"587","endPage":"594","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611a39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herkert, J.R.","contributorId":75876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkert","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reinking, D.L.","contributorId":26655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinking","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiedenfeld, D.A.","contributorId":25518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiedenfeld","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winter, M.","contributorId":66625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmerman, J.L.","contributorId":44498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jensen, W.E.","contributorId":35686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Finck, E.J.","contributorId":83065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finck","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koford, Rolf R.","contributorId":16347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koford","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wolfe, D.H.","contributorId":73545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sherrod, S. K.","contributorId":9209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherrod","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jenkins, M.A.","contributorId":68253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Faaborg, John","contributorId":32871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faaborg","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Robinson, S.K.","contributorId":93433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70026033,"text":"70026033 - 2003 - Quantitative PCR analysis of CYP1A induction in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:20","indexId":"70026033","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative PCR analysis of CYP1A induction in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","docAbstract":"Environmental pollutants are hypothesized to be one of the causes of recent declines in wild populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) across Eastern Canada and the United States. Some of these pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins, are known to induce expression of the CYP1A subfamily of genes. We applied a highly sensitive technique, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), for measuring the levels of CYP1A induction in Atlantic salmon. This assay was used to detect patterns of CYP1A mRNA levels, a direct measure of CYP1A expression, in Atlantic salmon exposed to pollutants under both laboratory and field conditions. Two groups of salmon were acclimated to 11 and 17??C, respectively. Each subject then received an intraperitoneal injection (50 mg kg-1) of either ??-naphthoflavone (BNF) in corn oil (10 mg BNF ml-1 corn oil) or corn oil alone. After 48 h, salmon gill, kidney, liver, and brain were collected for RNA isolation and analysis. All tissues showed induction of CYP1A by BNF. The highest base level of CYP1A expression (2.56??1010 molecules/??g RNA) was found in gill tissue. Kidney had the highest mean induction at five orders of magnitude while gill tissue showed the lowest mean induction at two orders of magnitude. The quantitative RT-PCR was also applied to salmon sampled from two streams in Massachusetts, USA. Salmon liver and gill tissue sampled from Millers River (South Royalston, Worcester County), known to contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), showed on average a two orders of magnitude induction over those collected from a stream with no known contamination (Fourmile Brook, Northfield, Franklin County). Overall, the data show CYP1A exists and is inducible in Atlantic salmon gill, brain, kidney, and liver tissue. In addition, the results obtained demonstrate that quantitative PCR analysis of CYP1A expression is useful in studying ecotoxicity in populations of Atlantic salmon in the wild. ?? 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00062-0","issn":"0166445X","usgsCitation":"Rees, C., McCormick, S., Vanden, H., and Li, W., 2003, Quantitative PCR analysis of CYP1A induction in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Aquatic Toxicology, v. 62, no. 1, p. 67-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00062-0.","startPage":"67","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208677,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00062-0"},{"id":234584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91f8e4b0c8380cd80594","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rees, C.B.","contributorId":7058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"C.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":407605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vanden, Heuvel","contributorId":55616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanden","given":"Heuvel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, W.","contributorId":85361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1003673,"text":"1003673 - 2003 - Chronic wasting disease in free-ranging Wisconsin white-tailed deer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-12T15:37:47","indexId":"1003673","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1493,"text":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronic wasting disease in free-ranging Wisconsin white-tailed deer","docAbstract":"Three White-tailed Deer shot within 5 km during the 2001 hunting season in Wisconsin tested positive for chronic wasting disease, a prion disease of cervids. Subsequent sampling within 18 km showed a 3% prevalence (n=476). This discovery represents an important range extension for chronic wasting disease into the eastern United States.
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A compilation of isotopic ages of these plutons shows that they range in age from 61 Ma in the west to ca. 50 Ma in the east. This migrating pulse of magmatism along the continental margin is consistent with North Pacific plate reconstructions that suggests the plutons were generated by migration of a trench-ridge-trench triple junction along the margin. On the Kenai Peninsula the regional lower greenschist metamorphic grade of the turbiditic host rocks, texture of the plutons, contact-metamorphic assemblage, and isotopic and fluid inclusion studies suggest that the plutons were emplaced at pressures of 1.5–3.0 kbars (5.2–10.5 km) into a part of the accretionary wedge with an ambient temperature of 210–300 °C. The presence of kyanite, garnet, and cordierite megacrysts in the plutons indicates that the melts were generated at a depth greater than 20 km and minimum temperature of 650 °C. These megacrysts are probably xenocrystic remnants of a restitic or contact metamorphic phase entrained by the melt during intrusion. However, it is also possible that they are primary magmatic phases crystallized from the peraluminous melt.
Plutons of the Sanak-Baranof belt serve as time and strain markers separating kinematic regimes that predate and postdate ridge subduction. Pre-ridge subduction structures are interpreted to be related to the interaction between the leading oceanic plate and the Chugach terrane. These include regional thrust faults, NE-striking map-scale folds with associated axial planar foliation, type-1 mélanges, and an arrayof faults within the contact aureole indicating shortening largely accommodated by layer-parallel extension. Syn-ridge subduction features include the plutons, dikes, and ductile shear zones within contact aureoles with syn-kinematic metamorphic mineral growth and foliation development. Many of the studied plutons have sheeted margins and appear to have intruded along extensional jogs in margin-parallel strike-slip faults, whereas others form significant angles with the main faults and may have been influenced by minor faults of other orientations. Some of the plutons of the Sanak-Baranof belt have their long axes oriented parallel to faults of an orthorhombic fault set, implying that these faults may have provided a conduit for magma emplacement. This orthorhombic set of late faults is interpreted to have initially formed during the ridge subduction event, and continued to be active for a short time after passage of the triple junction. ENE-striking dextral faults of this orthorhombic fault system exhibit mutually crosscutting relationships with Eocene dikes related to ridge subduction, and mineralized strike-slip and normal faults of this system have yielded 40Ar/39Ar ages identical to near-trench intrusives related to ridge subduction. Movement on the orthorhombic fault system accommodated exhumation of deeper levels of the southern Alaska accretionary wedge, which is interpreted as a critical taper adjustment to subduction of younger oceanic lithosphere during ridge subduction. These faults therefore accommodate both deformation of the wedge and assisted emplacement of near-trench plutons. Structures that crosscut the plutons and aureoles include the orthorhombic fault set and dextral strike-slip faults, reflecting a new kinematic regime established after ridge subduction, during underthrusting of the trailing oceanic plate with new dextral-oblique convergence vectors with the overriding plate. The observation that the orthorhombic fault set both cuts and is cut by Eocene intrusives demonstrates the importance of these faults for magma emplacement in the forearc.
A younger, ca. 35 Ma suite of plutons intrudes the Chugach terrane in the Prince William Sound region, and their intrusion geometry was strongly influenced by pre-existing faults developed during ridge subduction. The generation of these plutons may be related to the sudden northward migration of the triple junction at ca. 40–33 Ma, as the ridge was being subducted nearly parallel to the trench during this interval. These younger plutons are used to provide additional constraints on the structural evolution of the wedge. Late- to post-ridge subduction fabrics include a pressure solution cleavage and additional movement on the orthorhombic fault system. After triple junction migration, subduction of the trailing oceanic plate involved a significant component of dextral transpression and northward translation of the Chugach terrane. This change in kinematics is recorded by very late gouge-filled dextral faults in the late structures of the accretionary prism.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2371-X.269","usgsCitation":"Kusky, T.M., Bradley, D., Donely, D.T., Rowley, D., and Haeussler, P.J., 2003, Controls on intrusion of near-trench magmas of the Sanak-Baranof Belt, Alaska, during Paleogene ridge subduction, and consequences for forearc evolution: Geological Society of America Special Papers , v. 371, p. 269-292, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2371-X.269.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"292","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -163,\n 53\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 53\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -163,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -163,\n 53\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"371","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a43e4b01ccd54ff3fc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kusky, Timothy M.","contributorId":11664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kusky","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donely, D. Thomas","contributorId":184255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donely","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rowley, David","contributorId":173099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowley","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12621,"text":"University of Chicago and University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70156524,"text":"70156524 - 2003 - IKONOS geometric characterization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-24T12:36:53","indexId":"70156524","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"IKONOS geometric characterization","docAbstract":"The IKONOS spacecraft acquired images on July 3, 17, and 25, and August 13, 2001 of Brookings SD, a small city in east central South Dakota, and on May 22, June 30, and July 30, 2000, of the rural area around the EROS Data Center. South Dakota State University (SDSU) evaluated the Brookings scenes and the USGS EROS Data Center (EDC) evaluated the other scenes. The images evaluated by SDSU utilized various natural objects and man-made features as identifiable targets randomly distribution throughout the scenes, while the images evaluated by EDC utilized pre-marked artificial points (panel points) to provide the best possible targets distributed in a grid pattern. Space Imaging provided products at different processing levels to each institution. For each scene, the pixel (line, sample) locations of the various targets were compared to field observed, survey-grade Global Positioning System locations. Patterns of error distribution for each product were plotted, and a variety of statistical statements of accuracy are made. The IKONOS sensor also acquired 12 pairs of stereo images of globally distributed scenes between April 2000 and April 2001. For each scene, analysts at the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) compared derived photogrammetric coordinates to their corresponding NIMA field-surveyed ground control point (GCPs). NIMA analysts determined horizontal and vertical accuracies by averaging the differences between the derived photogrammetric points and the field-surveyed GCPs for all 12 stereo pairs. Patterns of error distribution for each scene are presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2003.04.002","usgsCitation":"Helder, D., Coan, M., Patrick, K., and Gaska, P., 2003, IKONOS geometric characterization: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 88, no. 1-2, p. 69-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2003.04.002.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"79","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dc402fe4b0518e354d1101","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helder, Dennis 0000-0002-7379-4679","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-4679","contributorId":99714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helder","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coan, Michael mcoan@usgs.gov","contributorId":5398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coan","given":"Michael","email":"mcoan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":569386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patrick, Kevin","contributorId":146904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patrick","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaska, Peter","contributorId":146905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaska","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185124,"text":"70185124 - 2003 - Spatial variability of groundwater recharge and its effect on shallow groundwater quality in southern New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T11:12:44","indexId":"70185124","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variability of groundwater recharge and its effect on shallow groundwater quality in southern New Jersey","docAbstract":"Point estimates of groundwater recharge at 48 sediment-coring locations vary substantially (−18.5–1840 cm yr−1) in a 930-km2 area of southern New Jersey. Darcian estimates of steady, long-term recharge made at depth in the unsaturated zone were estimated using pedotransfer functions of soil texture and interpolated (mapped) with nonparametric methods to assess aquifer vulnerability in the area. The probability of exceeding the median recharge (29.1 cm yr−1) is low in the southwestern and northeastern portions of the study area and high in the eastern and southeastern portions. Estimated recharge is inversely related to measured percentage clay and positively related to the percentage of well-drained soils near wells. Spatial patterns of recharge estimates, exceedance probabilities, and clay content indicate that sediment texture controls recharge in the study area. Relations with land elevation and a topographic wetness index were statistically insignificant. Nitrate concentration and atrazine (6-chloro-N 2-ethyl-N 4-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) percentage detection in samples of shallow groundwater (typically <10 m) are higher for low recharge sites (≤29.1 cm yr−1) than for high recharge sites (>29.1 cm yr−1) in agricultural and urban areas. Differences between high and low recharge sites in these areas are highly significant for NO3 concentration, but not for atrazine concentration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society","doi":"10.2136/vzj2003.6770","usgsCitation":"Nolan, B.T., Baehr, A.L., and Kauffman, L.J., 2003, Spatial variability of groundwater recharge and its effect on shallow groundwater quality in southern New Jersey: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 2, no. 4, p. 677-691, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2003.6770.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"677","endPage":"691","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.13824462890625,\n 39.823303697329386\n ],\n [\n -75.17669677734375,\n 39.823303697329386\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 39.54641191968671\n ],\n [\n -75.1080322265625,\n 39.34067026099156\n ],\n [\n -74.72351074218749,\n 39.68182601089365\n ],\n [\n -75.13824462890625,\n 39.823303697329386\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d2e4b0849ce97c86e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolan, Bernard T. 0000-0002-6945-9659 btnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-9659","contributorId":2190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"Bernard","email":"btnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baehr, Arthur L.","contributorId":104523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024870,"text":"70024870 - 2003 - The fate of wastewater-derived nitrate in the subsurface of the Florida Keys: Key Colony Beach, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T09:07:03","indexId":"70024870","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The fate of wastewater-derived nitrate in the subsurface of the Florida Keys: Key Colony Beach, Florida","docAbstract":"Shallow injection is the predominant mode of wastewater disposal for most tourist-oriented facilities and some residential communities in the US Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Concern has been expressed that wastewater nutrients may be escaping from the saline groundwater system into canals and surrounding coastal waters and perhaps to the reef tract 10 km offshore, promoting unwanted algal growth and degradation of water quality. We performed a field study of the fate of wastewater-derived nitrate in the subsurface of a Florida Keys residential community (Key Colony Beach, FL) that uses this disposal method, analyzing samples from 21 monitoring wells and two canal sites. The results indicate that wastewater injection at 18–27 m depth into saline groundwater creates a large buoyant plume that flows quickly (within days) upward to a confining layer 6 m below the surface, and then in a fast flow path toward a canal 200 m to the east within a period of weeks to months. Low-salinity groundwaters along the fast flow path have nitrate concentrations that are not significantly reduced from that of the injected wastewaters (ranging from 400 to 600 μmol kg−1). Portions of the low-salinity plume off the main axis of flow have relatively long residence times (>2 months) and have had their nitrate concentrations strongly reduced by a combination of mixing and denitrification. These waters have dissolved N2 concentrations up to 1.6 times air-saturation values with δ15 N[N2]=0.5-5‰, δ15N[NO3-]=16-26‰, and calculated isotope fractionation factors of about −12±4‰, consistent with denitrification as the predominant nitrate reduction reaction. Estimated rates of denitrification of wastewater in the aquifer are of the order of 4 μmol kg-1 N day-1 or 0.008 day-1. The data indicate that denitrification reduces the nitrate load of the injected wastewater substantially, but not completely, before it discharges to nearby canals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0272-7714(03)00131-8","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Griggs, E., Kump, L., and Böhlke, J., 2003, The fate of wastewater-derived nitrate in the subsurface of the Florida Keys: Key Colony Beach, Florida: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 58, no. 3, p. 517-539, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(03)00131-8.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"517","endPage":"539","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207653,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(03)00131-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.991455078125,\n 25.522614647623293\n ],\n [\n -80.035400390625,\n 25.596948323286135\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 25.596948323286135\n ],\n [\n -80.2716064453125,\n 25.54244147012483\n ],\n [\n -80.3814697265625,\n 25.35891851754525\n ],\n [\n -80.70556640625,\n 25.110471486223346\n ],\n [\n -81.34277343749999,\n 24.886436490787712\n ],\n [\n -81.9854736328125,\n 24.701924833689933\n ],\n [\n -82.144775390625,\n 24.716895455859337\n ],\n [\n -82.3590087890625,\n 24.632038149596895\n ],\n [\n -82.3370361328125,\n 24.52213723599524\n ],\n [\n -82.0404052734375,\n 24.427145340082046\n ],\n [\n -81.45263671875,\n 24.48214938647425\n ],\n [\n -81.10107421874999,\n 24.577099744289427\n ],\n [\n -80.76599121093749,\n 24.716895455859337\n ],\n [\n -80.4034423828125,\n 24.946219074360084\n ],\n [\n -80.255126953125,\n 25.140311914680755\n ],\n [\n -79.991455078125,\n 25.522614647623293\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505babf9e4b08c986b3231bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griggs, E.M.","contributorId":33887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griggs","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kump, L.R.","contributorId":80863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kump","given":"L.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025939,"text":"70025939 - 2003 - Estimating locations and magnitudes of earthquakes in eastern North America from Modified Mercalli intensities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-17T01:04:14.227684","indexId":"70025939","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating locations and magnitudes of earthquakes in eastern North America from Modified Mercalli intensities","docAbstract":"We use 28 calibration events (3.7 < or = M < or = 7.3) from Texas to the Grand Banks, Newfoundland, to develop a Modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) model and associated site corrections for estimating source parameters of historical earthquakes in eastern North America. The model, MMI = 1.41 + 1.68 XM - 0.00345X Delta - 2.08log (Delta), where Delta is the distance in kilometers from the epicenter and M is moment magnitude, provides unbiased estimates of M and its uncertainty, and, if site corrections are used, of source location. The model can be used for the analysis of historical earthquakes with only a few MMI assignments. We use this model, MMI site corrections, and Bakun and Wentworth's (1997 technique to estimate M and the epicenter for three important historical earthquakes. The intensity magnitude M1 is 6.1 for the 18 November 1755 earthquake near Cape Ann, Massachusetts; 6.0 for the 5 January 1843 earthquake near Marked Tree, Arkansas; and 6.0 for the 31 October 1895 earthquake. The 1895 event probably occurred in southern Illinois, about 100 km north of the site of significant ground failure effects near Charleston, Missouri.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120020087","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., Johnston, A.C., and Hopper, M.G., 2003, Estimating locations and magnitudes of earthquakes in eastern North America from Modified Mercalli intensities: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 93, no. 1, p. 190-202, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120020087.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"202","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":421926,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.77615017574712,\n 49.85969549130496\n ],\n [\n -101.77615017574712,\n 28.17918988486774\n ],\n [\n -66.61990017574733,\n 28.17918988486774\n ],\n [\n -66.61990017574733,\n 49.85969549130496\n ],\n [\n -101.77615017574712,\n 49.85969549130496\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b28e4b0c8380cd525d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, W. H.","contributorId":67055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, A. C.","contributorId":85574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hopper, M. G.","contributorId":39389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024975,"text":"70024975 - 2003 - Isotopic age of the Black Forest Bed, Petrified Forest Member, Chinle Formation, Arizona: An example of dating a continental sandstone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70024975","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotopic age of the Black Forest Bed, Petrified Forest Member, Chinle Formation, Arizona: An example of dating a continental sandstone","docAbstract":"Zircons from the Black Forest Bed, Petrified Forest Member, Chinle Formation, in Petrified Forest National Park, yield ages that range from Late Triassic to Late Archean. Grains were analyzed by multigrain TIMS (thermal-ionization mass spectrometry), single-crystal TIMS, and SHRIMP (sensitive, high-resolution ion-microprobe). Multiple-grain analysis yielded a discordia trajectory with a lower intercept of 207 ?? 2 Ma, which because of the nature of multiple-grain sampling of a detrital bed, is not considered conclusive. Analysis of 29 detrital-zircon grains by TIMS yielded U-PB ages of 2706 ?? 6 Ma to 206 ?? 6 Ma. Eleven of these ages lie between 211 and 216 ?? 6.8 Ma. Our statistical analysis of these grains indicates that the mean of the ages, 213 ?? 1.7 Ma, reflects more analytical error than geologic variability in sources of the grains. Grains with ages of ca. 1400 Ma were derived from the widespread plutons of that age exposed throughout the southwestern Cordillera and central United States. Twelve grains analyzed by SHRIMP provide 206Pb*/238U ages from 214 ?? 2 Ma to 200 ?? 4 Ma. We use these data to infer that cores of inherited material were present in many zircons and that single-crystal analysis provides an accurate estimation of the age of the bed. We further propose that, even if some degree of reworking has occurred, the very strong concentration of ages at ca. 213 Ma provides a maximum age for the Black Forest Bed of 213 ?? 1.7 Ma. The actual age of the bed may be closer to 209 Ma. Dating continental successions is very difficult when distinct ash beds are not clearly identified, as is the case in the Chinle Formation. Detrital zircons in the Black Forest Bed, however, are dominated by an acicular morphology with preserved delicate terminations. The shape of these crystals and their inferred environment of deposition in slow-water settings suggest that the crystals were not far removed from their site of deposition in space and likely not far in time. Plinian ash clouds derived from explosive eruptions along the early Mesozoic Cordilleran margin provided the crystals to the Chinle basin, where local conditions insured their preservation. In the case of the Black Forest Bed, the products of one major eruption may dominate the volcanic contribution to the unit. Volcanic detritus in the Chinle Formation was derived from multiple, distinct sources. Coarse pebble- to cobble-size material may have originated in eastern California and/or western Arizona, where Triassic plutons are exposed. Fine-grained detritus, in contrast, was carried in ash clouds that derived from caldera eruptions in east-central California or western Nevada.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25254.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Riggs, N.R., Ash, S., Barth, A.P., Gehrels, G.E., and Wooden, J.L., 2003, Isotopic age of the Black Forest Bed, Petrified Forest Member, Chinle Formation, Arizona: An example of dating a continental sandstone: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 11, p. 1315-1323, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25254.1.","startPage":"1315","endPage":"1323","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207924,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25254.1"},{"id":233221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f91e4b0c8380cd64605","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riggs, N. R.","contributorId":27519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ash, S.R.","contributorId":100925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ash","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barth, A. P.","contributorId":16997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barth","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gehrels, G. E.","contributorId":9660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehrels","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70024959,"text":"70024959 - 2003 - Production waters associated with the Ferron coalbed methane fields, central Utah: Chemical and isotopic composition and volumes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024959","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Production waters associated with the Ferron coalbed methane fields, central Utah: Chemical and isotopic composition and volumes","docAbstract":"This study investigated the composition of water co-produced with coalbed methane (CBM) from the Upper Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale in east-central Utah to better understand coalbed methane reservoirs. The Ferron coalbed methane play currently has more than 600 wells producing an average of 240 bbl/day/well water. Water samples collected from 28 wellheads in three fields (Buzzards Bench, Drunkards Wash, and Helper State) of the northeast-southwest trending play were analyzed for chemical and stable isotopic composition.Water produced from coalbed methane wells is a Na-Cl-HCO3 type. Water from the Drunkards Wash field has the lowest total dissolved solids (TDS) (6300 mg/l) increasing in value to the southeast and northeast. In the Helper State field, about 6 miles northeast, water has the highest total dissolved solids (43,000 mg/l), and major ion abundance indicates the possible influence of evaporite dissolution or mixing with a saline brine. In the southern Buzzards Bench field, water has variable total dissolved solids that are not correlated with depth or spatial distance. Significant differences in the relative compositions are present between the three fields implying varying origins of solutes and/or different water-rock interactions along multiple flow paths.Stable isotopic values of water from the Ferron range from +0.9??? to -11.4??? ?? 18O and -32??? to -90??? ?? 2H and plot below the global meteoric water line (GMWL) on a line near, but above values of present-day meteoric water. Isotopic values of Ferron water are consistent with modification of meteoric water along a flow path by mixing with an evolved seawater brine and/or interaction with carbonate minerals. Analysis of isotopic values versus chloride (conservative element) and total dissolved solids concentrations indicates that recharge water in the Buzzards Bench area is distinct from recharge water in Drunkards Wash and is about 3 ??C warmer. These variations in isotopes along with compositional variations imply that the Ferron reservoir is heterogeneous and compartmentalized, and that multiple flow paths may exist. ?? 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0166-5162(03)00086-7","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Rice, C.A., 2003, Production waters associated with the Ferron coalbed methane fields, central Utah: Chemical and isotopic composition and volumes: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 56, no. 1-2, p. 141-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(03)00086-7.","startPage":"141","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207769,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(03)00086-7"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8de8e4b0c8380cd7eeda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, C. A.","contributorId":106116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70025883,"text":"70025883 - 2003 - Tidal truncation and barotropic convergence in a channel network tidally driven from opposing entrances","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T18:11:30","indexId":"70025883","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal truncation and barotropic convergence in a channel network tidally driven from opposing entrances","docAbstract":"Residual circulation patterns in a channel network that is tidally driven from entrances on opposite sides are controlled by the temporal phasing and spatial asymmetry of the two forcing tides. The Napa/Sonoma Marsh Complex in San Francisco Bay, CA, is such a system. A sill on the west entrance to the system prevents a complete tidal range at spring tides that results in tidal truncation of water levels. Tidal truncation does not occur on the east side but asymmetries develop due to friction and off-channel wetland storage. The east and west asymmetric tides meet in the middle to produce a barotropic convergence zone that controls the transport of water and sediment. During spring tides, tidally averaged water-surface elevations are higher on the truncated west side. This creates tidally averaged fluxes of water and sediment to the east. During neap tides, the water levels are not truncated and the propagation speed of the tides controls residual circulation, creating a tidally averaged flux in the opposite direction. ?? 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00213-5","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Warner, J., Schoellhamer, D., and Schladow, G., 2003, Tidal truncation and barotropic convergence in a channel network tidally driven from opposing entrances: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 56, no. 3-4, p. 629-639, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00213-5.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"639","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"Napa/Sonoma Marsh Complex, San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.79394531249999,\n 37.45741810262938\n ],\n [\n -121.728515625,\n 37.45741810262938\n ],\n [\n -121.728515625,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -123.79394531249999,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -123.79394531249999,\n 37.45741810262938\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb37ce4b08c986b325df6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, J.C.","contributorId":46644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, D.","contributorId":88530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schladow, G.","contributorId":68074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schladow","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025859,"text":"70025859 - 2003 - Escherichia coli and enterococci at beaches in the Grand Traverse Bay, Lake Michigan: Sources, characteristics, and environmental pathways","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T10:01:27","indexId":"70025859","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Escherichia coli and enterococci at beaches in the Grand Traverse Bay, Lake Michigan: Sources, characteristics, and environmental pathways","docAbstract":"This study quantified Escherichia coli(EC) and enterococci (ENT) in beach waters and dominant source materials, correlated these with ambient conditions, and determined selected EC genotypes and ENT phenotypes. Bathing-water ENT criteria were exceeded more frequently than EC criteria, providing conflicting interpretations of water quality. Dominant sources of EC and ENT were bird feces (108/d/bird), storm drains (107/d), and river water (1011/d); beach sands, shallow groundwater and detritus were additional sources. Beach-water EC genotypes and ENT phenotypes formed clusters with those from all source types, reflecting diffuse inputs. Some ENT isolates had phenotypes similar to those of human pathogens and/or exhibited high-level resistance to human-use antibiotics. EC and ENT concentrations were influenced by collection time and wind direction. There was a 48-72-h lag between rainfall and elevated EC concentrations at three southern shoreline beaches, but no such lag at western and eastern shoreline beaches, reflecting the influence of beach orientation with respect to cyclic (3-5 d) summer weather patterns. In addition to local contamination sources and processes, conceptual or predictive models of Great Lakes beach water quality should consider regional weather patterns, lake hydrodynamics, and the influence of monitoring method variables (time of day, frequency).","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es021062n","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Haack, S., Fogarty, L., and Wright, C., 2003, Escherichia coli and enterococci at beaches in the Grand Traverse Bay, Lake Michigan: Sources, characteristics, and environmental pathways: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 37, no. 15, p. 3275-3282, https://doi.org/10.1021/es021062n.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3275","endPage":"3282","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208707,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es021062n"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Grand Traverse Bay","volume":"37","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a5de4b0c8380cd52311","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haack, S.K.","contributorId":26457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fogarty, L.R.","contributorId":27236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, C.","contributorId":69589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}