{"pageNumber":"2485","pageRowStart":"62100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184687,"records":[{"id":70028743,"text":"70028743 - 2006 - Imaging the transition from Aleutian subduction to Yakutat collision in central Alaska, with local earthquakes and active source data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T17:00:22","indexId":"70028743","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imaging the transition from Aleutian subduction to Yakutat collision in central Alaska, with local earthquakes and active source data","docAbstract":"<p>In southern and central Alaska the subduction and active volcanism of the Aleutian subduction zone give way to a broad plate boundary zone with mountain building and strike-slip faulting, where the Yakutat terrane joins the subducting Pacific plate. The interplay of these tectonic elements can be best understood by considering the entire region in three dimensions. We image three-dimensional seismic velocity using abundant local earthquakes, supplemented by active source data. Crustal low-velocity correlates with basins. The Denali fault zone is a dominant feature with a change in crustal thickness across the fault. A relatively high-velocity subducted slab and a low-velocity mantle wedge are observed, and high Vp/Vs beneath the active volcanic systems, which indicates focusing of partial melt. North of Cook Inlet, the subducted Yakutat slab is characterized by a thick low-velocity, high-Vp/Vs, crust. High-velocity material above the Yakutat slab may represent a residual older slab, which inhibits vertical flow of Yakutat subduction fluids. Alternate lateral flow allows Yakutat subduction fluids to contribute to Cook Inlet volcanism and the Wrangell volcanic field. The apparent northeast edge of the subducted Yakutat slab is southwest of the Wrangell volcanics, which have adakitic composition consistent with melting of this Yakutat slab edge. In the mantle, the Yakutat slab is subducting with the Pacific plate, while at shallower depths the Yakutat slab overthrusts the shallow Pacific plate along the Transition fault. This region of crustal doubling within the shallow slab is associated with extremely strong plate coupling and the primary asperity of the Mw 9.2 great 1964 earthquake. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JB004240","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Eberhart-Phillips, D., Christensen, D., Brocher, T., Hansen, R., Ruppert, N., Haeussler, P.J., and Abers, G., 2006, Imaging the transition from Aleutian subduction to Yakutat collision in central Alaska, with local earthquakes and active source data: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 111, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB004240.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209767,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JB004240"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"111","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a388ce4b0c8380cd615f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberhart-Phillips, D.","contributorId":80428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberhart-Phillips","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christensen, D.H.","contributorId":68088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, R.","contributorId":56370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruppert, N.A.","contributorId":33510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":419577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Abers, G.A.","contributorId":17813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abers","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028760,"text":"70028760 - 2006 - Mercury in coal and the impact of coal quality on mercury emissions from combustion systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T13:20:08","indexId":"70028760","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury in coal and the impact of coal quality on mercury emissions from combustion systems","docAbstract":"<p>The proportion of Hg in coal feedstock that is emitted by stack gases of utility power stations is a complex function of coal chemistry and properties, combustion conditions, and the positioning and type of air pollution control devices employed. Mercury in bituminous coal is found primarily within Fe-sulfides, whereas lower rank coal tends to have a greater proportion of organic-bound Hg. Preparation of bituminous coal to reduce S generally reduces input Hg relative to in-ground concentrations, but the amount of this reduction varies according to the fraction of Hg in sulfides and the efficiency of sulfide removal. The mode of occurrence of Hg in coal does not directly affect the speciation of Hg in the combustion flue gas. However, other constituents in the coal, notably Cl and S, and the combustion characteristics of the coal, influence the species of Hg that are formed in the flue gas and enter air pollution control devices. The formation of gaseous oxidized Hg or particulate-bound Hg occurs post-combustion; these forms of Hg can be in part captured in the air pollution control devices that exist on coal-fired boilers, without modification. For a given coal type, the capture efficiency of Hg by pollution control systems varies according to type of device and the conditions of its deployment. For bituminous coal, on average, more than 60% of Hg in flue gas is captured by fabric filter (FF) and flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) systems. Key variables affecting performance for Hg control include Cl and S content of the coal, the positioning (hot side vs. cold side) of the system, and the amount of unburned C in coal ash. Knowledge of coal quality parameters and their effect on the performance of air pollution control devices allows optimization of Hg capture co-benefit.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.08.001","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kolker, A., Senior, C.L., and Quick, J., 2006, Mercury in coal and the impact of coal quality on mercury emissions from combustion systems: Applied Geochemistry, v. 21, no. 11, p. 1821-1836, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.08.001.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1821","endPage":"1836","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a540ee4b0c8380cd6ce80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":419641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senior, Constance L.","contributorId":131002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Senior","given":"Constance","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7205,"text":"ADA-ES, Inc. Littleton, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":419643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quick, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":31268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quick","given":"Jeffrey C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028742,"text":"70028742 - 2006 - Denitrification potential of different land-use types in an agricultural watershed, lower Mississippi valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028742","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Denitrification potential of different land-use types in an agricultural watershed, lower Mississippi valley","docAbstract":"Expansion of agricultural land and excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer use in the Mississippi River watershed has resulted in a three-fold increase in the nitrate load of the river since the early 1950s. One way to reduce this nitrate load is to restore wetlands at suitable locations between croplands and receiving waters to remove run-off nitrate through denitrification. This research investigated denitrification potential (DP) of different land uses and its controlling factors in an agricultural watershed in the lower Mississippi valley (LMV) to help identify sites with high DP for reducing run-off nitrate. Soil samples collected from seven land-use types of an agricultural watershed during spring, summer, fall and winter were incubated in the laboratory for DP determination. Low-elevation clay soils in wetlands exhibited 6.3 and 2.5 times greater DP compared to high-elevation silt loam and low-elevation clay soils in croplands, respectively. DP of vegetated-ditches was 1.3 and 4.2 times that of un-vegetated ditches and cultivated soils, respectively. Soil carbon and nitrogen availability, bulk density, and soil moisture significantly affected DP. These factors were significantly influenced in turn by landscape position and land-use type of the watershed. It is evident from these results that low-elevation, fine-textured soils under natural wetlands are the best locations for mediating nitrate loss from agricultural watersheds in the LMV. Landscape position and land-use types can be used as indices for the assessment/modeling of denitrification potential and identification of sites for restoration for nitrate removal in agricultural watersheds. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.05.007","issn":"09258574","usgsCitation":"Ullah, S., and Faulkner, S., 2006, Denitrification potential of different land-use types in an agricultural watershed, lower Mississippi valley: Ecological Engineering, v. 28, no. 2, p. 131-140, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.05.007.","startPage":"131","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209741,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.05.007"},{"id":236439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe9be4b0c8380cd4ee1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ullah, S.","contributorId":61624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ullah","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faulkner, S.P.","contributorId":55190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkner","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028741,"text":"70028741 - 2006 - International symposium on airborne geophysics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028741","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"International symposium on airborne geophysics","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Eos","language":"English","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Mogi, T., Ito, H., Kaieda, H., Kusunoki, K., Saltus, R.W., Fitterman, D., Okuma, S., and Nakatsuka, T., 2006, International symposium on airborne geophysics, <i>in</i> Eos, v. 87, no. 19, p. 195-196.","startPage":"195","endPage":"196","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d47e4b0c8380cd6343e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mogi, T.","contributorId":10594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mogi","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ito, H.","contributorId":15800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ito","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaieda, H.","contributorId":48747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaieda","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kusunoki, K.","contributorId":73802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kusunoki","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saltus, R. W.","contributorId":85588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"R.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fitterman, D.V. 0000-0001-5600-3401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5600-3401","contributorId":70386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitterman","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Okuma, S.","contributorId":98933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okuma","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nakatsuka, T.","contributorId":70580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakatsuka","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70028761,"text":"70028761 - 2006 - Random versus fixed-site sampling when monitoring relative abundance of fishes in headwater streams of the upper Colorado River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028761","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Random versus fixed-site sampling when monitoring relative abundance of fishes in headwater streams of the upper Colorado River basin","docAbstract":"Native fishes of the upper Colorado River basin (UCRB) have declined in distribution and abundance due to habitat degradation and interactions with normative fishes. Consequently, monitoring populations of both native and nonnative fishes is important for conservation of native species. We used data collected from Muddy Creek, Wyoming (2003-2004), to compare sample size estimates using a random and a fixed-site sampling design to monitor changes in catch per unit effort (CPUE) of native bluehead suckers Catostomus discobolus, flannelmouth suckers C. latipinnis, roundtail chub Gila robusta, and speckled dace Rhinichthys osculus, as well as nonnative creek chub Semotilus atromaculatus and white suckers C. commersonii. When one-pass backpack electrofishing was used, detection of 10% or 25% changes in CPUE (fish/100 m) at 60% statistical power required 50-1,000 randomly sampled reaches among species regardless of sampling design. However, use of a fixed-site sampling design with 25-50 reaches greatly enhanced the ability to detect changes in CPUE. The addition of seining did not appreciably reduce required effort. When detection of 25-50% changes in CPUE of native and nonnative fishes is acceptable, we recommend establishment of 25-50 fixed reaches sampled by one-pass electrofishing in Muddy Creek. Because Muddy Creek has habitat and fish assemblages characteristic of other headwater streams in the UCRB, our results are likely to apply to many other streams in the basin. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M05-153.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Quist, M., Gerow, K., Bower, M., and Hubert, W., 2006, Random versus fixed-site sampling when monitoring relative abundance of fishes in headwater streams of the upper Colorado River basin: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 26, no. 4, p. 1011-1019, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-153.1.","startPage":"1011","endPage":"1019","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209976,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-153.1"},{"id":236754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9498e4b0c8380cd814d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quist, M.C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":62805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerow, K.G.","contributorId":17003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerow","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bower, M.R.","contributorId":14094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bower","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028935,"text":"70028935 - 2006 - Tilts in strong ground motion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028935","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tilts in strong ground motion","docAbstract":"Most instruments used in seismological practice to record ground motion are pendulum seismographs, velocigraphs, or accelerographs. In most cases it is assumed that seismic instruments are only sensitive to the translational motion of the instrument's base. In this study the full equation of pendulum motion, including the inputs of rotations and tilts, is considered. It is shown that tilting the accelerograph's base can severely impact its response to the ground motion. The method of tilt evaluation using uncorrected strong-motion accelerograms was first suggested by Graizer (1989), and later tested in several laboratory experiments with different strong-motion instruments. The method is based on the difference in the tilt sensitivity of the horizontal and vertical pendulums. The method was applied to many of the strongest records of the Mw 6.7 Northridge earthquake of 1994. Examples are shown when relatively large tilts of up to a few degrees occurred during strong earthquake ground motion. Residual tilt extracted from the strong-motion record at the Pacoima Dam-Upper Left Abutment reached 3.1?? in N45??E direction, and was a result of local earthquake-induced tilting due to high-amplitude shaking. This value is in agreement with the residual tilt measured by using electronic level a few days after the earthquake. The method was applied to the building records from the Northridge earthquake. According to the estimates, residual tilt reached 2.6?? on the ground floor of the 12-story Hotel in Ventura. Processing of most of the strongest records of the Northridge earthquake shows that tilts, if happened, were within the error of the method, or less than about 0.5??.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120060065","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Graizer, V., 2006, Tilts in strong ground motion: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 6, p. 2090-2102, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060065.","startPage":"2090","endPage":"2102","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209936,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120060065"},{"id":236696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb38fe4b08c986b325e74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graizer, V.","contributorId":88930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graizer","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028765,"text":"70028765 - 2006 - Photodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in passive air samplers: Field testing different deployment chambers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028765","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Photodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in passive air samplers: Field testing different deployment chambers","docAbstract":"Semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were loaded with deuterated anthracene and pyrene as performance reference compounds (PRCs) and deployed at a test site in four different chambers (open and closed box chamber, bowl chamber and cage chamber) for 29 days. The losses of PRCs and the uptake of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the ambient air were quantified. UV-B levels measured in each deployment chamber indicated that SPMDs would be exposed to the most UV-B in the cage chamber and open box chamber. Significantly less PAHs were quantified in SPMDs deployed in the cage chamber and open box chamber compared to samplers from the other two chambers, suggesting that photodegradation of PAHs had occurred. The loss of PRCs confirmed these results but also showed that photodegradation was occurring in the closed box chamber. The bowl chamber appears to provide the best protection from the influence of direct photodegradation. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2005.12.050","issn":"02697491","usgsCitation":"Bartkow, M., Kennedy, K., Huckins, J., Holling, N., Komarova, T., and Muller, J., 2006, Photodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in passive air samplers: Field testing different deployment chambers: Environmental Pollution, v. 144, no. 2, p. 371-376, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.12.050.","startPage":"371","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209608,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.12.050"},{"id":236262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"144","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a78c6e4b0c8380cd78799","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartkow, M.E.","contributorId":47126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartkow","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, K.E.","contributorId":59224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huckins, J.N.","contributorId":62553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckins","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holling, N.","contributorId":81683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holling","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Komarova, T.","contributorId":96066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Komarova","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Muller, J.F.","contributorId":43144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028849,"text":"70028849 - 2006 - Age and duration of eclogite-facies metamorphism, North Qaidam HP/UHP terrane, Western China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028849","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and duration of eclogite-facies metamorphism, North Qaidam HP/UHP terrane, Western China","docAbstract":"Amphibolite-facies para-and orthogneisses near Dulan, at the southeast end of the North Qaidam terrane, enclose minor eclogite and peridotite which record ultra-high pressure (UHP) metamorphism associated with the Early Paleozoic continental collision of the Qilian and Qaidam microplates. Field relations and coesite inclusions in zircons from paragneiss suggest that felsic, mafic, and ultramafic rocks all experienced UHP metamorphism and a common amphibolite-facies retrogression. SHRIMP-RG U-Pb and REE analyses of zircons from four eclogites yield weighted mean ages of 449 to 422 Ma, and REE patterns (flat HREE, no Eu anomaly) and inclusions of garnet, omphacite, and rutile indicate these ages record eclogite-facies metamorphism. The coherent field relations of these samples, and the similar range of individual ages in each sample suggests that the ???25 m.y. age range reflects the duration of eclogite-facies conditions in the studied samples. Analyses from zircon cores in one sample yield scattered 433 to 474 Ma ages, reflecting partial overlap on rims, and constrain the minimum age of eclogite protolith crystallization. Inclusions of Th + REE-rich epidote, and zircon REE patterns are consistent with prograde metamorphic growth. In the Lu??liang Shan, approximately 350 km northwest in the North Qaidam terrane, ages interpreted to record eclogite-facies metamorphism of eclogite and garnet peridotite are as old as 495 Ma and as young as 414 Ma, which suggests that processes responsible for extended high-pressure residence are not restricted to the Dulan region. Evidence of prolonged eclogite-facies metamorphism in HP/UHP localities in the Northeast Greenland eclogite province, the Western Gneiss Region of Norway, and the western Alps suggests that long eclogite-facies residence may be globally significant in continental subduction/collision zones.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Journal of Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2475/09.2006.01","issn":"00029599","usgsCitation":"Mattinson, C., Wooden, J.L., Liou, J.G., Bird, D., and Wu, C., 2006, Age and duration of eclogite-facies metamorphism, North Qaidam HP/UHP terrane, Western China: American Journal of Science, v. 306, no. 9, p. 683-711, https://doi.org/10.2475/09.2006.01.","startPage":"683","endPage":"711","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477590,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/09.2006.01","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209698,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2475/09.2006.01"},{"id":236378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"306","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8d8e4b0c8380cd47ef2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattinson, C.G.","contributorId":11391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattinson","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liou, J. G.","contributorId":87687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liou","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bird, D.K.","contributorId":24934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, C.L.","contributorId":91671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028934,"text":"70028934 - 2006 - Development and implementation of software systems for imaging spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028934","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development and implementation of software systems for imaging spectroscopy","docAbstract":"Specialized software systems have played a crucial role throughout the twenty-five year course of the development of the new technology of imaging spectroscopy, or hyperspectral remote sensing. By their very nature, hyperspectral data place unique and demanding requirements on the computer software used to visualize, analyze, process and interpret them. Often described as a marriage of the two technologies of reflectance spectroscopy and airborne/spaceborne remote sensing, imaging spectroscopy, in fact, produces data sets with unique qualities, unlike previous remote sensing or spectrometer data. Because of these unique spatial and spectral properties hyperspectral data are not readily processed or exploited with legacy software systems inherited from either of the two parent fields of study. This paper provides brief reviews of seven important software systems developed specifically for imaging spectroscopy.","largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","conferenceTitle":"2006 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS","conferenceDate":"31 July 2006 through 4 August 2006","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2006.510","isbn":"0780395107; 9780780395107","usgsCitation":"Boardman, J., Clark, R.N., Mazer, A., Biehl, L., Kruse, F., Torson, J., and Staenz, K., 2006, Development and implementation of software systems for imaging spectroscopy, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Denver, CO, 31 July 2006 through 4 August 2006, p. 1969-1973, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2006.510.","startPage":"1969","endPage":"1973","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209907,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2006.510"},{"id":236659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0025e4b0c8380cd4f5f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boardman, J.W.","contributorId":106301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boardman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazer, A.S.","contributorId":27660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazer","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biehl, L.L.","contributorId":70981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biehl","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kruse, F.A.","contributorId":30676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Torson, J.","contributorId":106691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Staenz, K.","contributorId":40790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staenz","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028699,"text":"70028699 - 2006 - Evidence of Lake Trout reproduction at Lake Michigan's mid-lake reef complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-06T11:42:21","indexId":"70028699","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of Lake Trout reproduction at Lake Michigan's mid-lake reef complex","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Mid-Lake Reef Complex (MLRC), a large area of deep (&gt; 40 m) reefs, was a major site where indigenous lake trout (</span><i>Salvelinus namaycush</i><span>) in Lake Michigan aggregated during spawning. As part of an effort to restore Lake Michigan's lake trout, which were extirpated in the 1950s, yearling lake trout have been released over the MLRC since the mid-1980s and fall gill net censuses began to show large numbers of lake trout in spawning condition beginning about 1999. We report the first evidence of viable egg deposition and successful lake trout fry production at these deep reefs. Because the area's existing bathymetry and habitat were too poorly known for a priori selection of sampling sites, we used hydroacoustics to locate concentrations of large fish in the fall; fish were congregating around slopes and ridges. Subsequent observations via unmanned submersible confirmed the large fish to be lake trout. Our technological objectives were driven by biological objectives of locating where lake trout spawn, where lake trout fry were produced, and what fishes ate lake trout eggs and fry. The unmanned submersibles were equipped with a suction sampler and electroshocker to sample eggs deposited on the reef, draw out and occasionally catch emergent fry, and collect egg predators (slimy sculpin&nbsp;</span><i>Cottus cognatus</i><span>). We observed slimy sculpin to eat unusually high numbers of lake trout eggs. Our qualitative approaches are a first step toward quantitative assessments of the importance of lake trout spawning on the MLRC.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2006)32[749:EOLTRA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Janssen, J., Jude, D., Edsall, T., Paddock, R., Wattrus, N., Toneys, M., and McKee, P., 2006, Evidence of Lake Trout reproduction at Lake Michigan's mid-lake reef complex: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 32, no. 4, p. 749-763, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2006)32[749:EOLTRA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"749","endPage":"763","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d5de4b0c8380cd52f97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janssen, J.","contributorId":97303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janssen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jude, D.J.","contributorId":13016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jude","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edsall, T.A.","contributorId":73549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paddock, R.W.","contributorId":38343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paddock","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wattrus, N.","contributorId":39567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wattrus","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Toneys, M.","contributorId":40756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toneys","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McKee, P.","contributorId":11817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70028680,"text":"70028680 - 2006 - Food habits of Juvenile American Shad and dynamics of zooplankton in the lower Columbia River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T16:49:23","indexId":"70028680","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food habits of Juvenile American Shad and dynamics of zooplankton in the lower Columbia River","docAbstract":"<p>As many as 2.4 million adult American shad annually pass John Day Dam, Columbia River to spawn upriver, yet food web interactions of juvenile shad rearing in John Day Reservoir are unexplored. We collected zooplankton and conducted mid-water trawls in McNary (June-July) and John Day reservoirs (August-November) from 1994 through 1996 during the outmigration of subyearling American shad and Chinook salmon. Juvenile American shad were abundant and represented over 98% of the trawl catch in late summer. The five major taxa collected in zooplankton tows were Bosmina longirostris, Daphnia, cyclopoid cope-pods, rotifers, and calanoid copepods. We evaluated total crustacean zooplankton abundance and Daphnia biomass in relation to water temperature, flow, depth, diel period, and cross-sectional location using multiple regression. Differences in zooplankton abundance were largely due to differences in water temperature and flow. Spatial variation in total zooplankton abundance was observed in McNary Reservoir, but not in John Day Reservoir. Juvenile American shad generally fed on numerically abundant prey, despite being less preferred than larger bodied zooplankton. A decrease in cladoceran abundance and size in August coupled with large percentages of Daphnia in juvenile American shad stomachs indicated heavy planktivory. Smaller juvenile American shad primarily fed on Daphnia in August, but switched to more evasive copepods as the mean size of fish increased and Daphnia abundance declined. Because Daphnia are particularly important prey items for subyearling Chinook salmon in mainstem reservoirs in mid to late summer, alterations in the cladoceran food base is of concern for the management of outmigrating salmonids and other Columbia River fishes. ?? 2006 by the Northwest Scientific Association. All rights reserved.</p>","language":"English","issn":"0029344X","usgsCitation":"Haskell, C.A., Tiffan, K., and Rondorf, D., 2006, Food habits of Juvenile American Shad and dynamics of zooplankton in the lower Columbia River: Northwest Science, v. 80, no. 1, p. 47-64.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"John Day reservoir, McNary reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.04029846191405,\n              46.18553528880526\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.99978637695312,\n              46.19694327530828\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.92288208007812,\n              46.15319980124842\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.90296936035158,\n              46.069896058164055\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.96202087402342,\n              46.002208482091724\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.99772644042969,\n              46.01842291576195\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.97918701171874,\n              46.09751924866049\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.014892578125,\n              46.140355438132914\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.04579162597656,\n              46.17935497410555\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.04029846191405,\n              46.18553528880526\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.83827972412108,\n              45.683637738627986\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.93681335449219,\n              45.663246602170034\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.94505310058595,\n              45.649808381806956\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.91964721679688,\n              45.62892474973852\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.83415985107422,\n              45.66972459187524\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.83827972412108,\n              45.683637738627986\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12bce4b0c8380cd543fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haskell, C. A.","contributorId":94082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haskell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tiffan, K.F.","contributorId":19327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":419226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":419227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028718,"text":"70028718 - 2006 - Gaussian-based filters for detecting Martian dust devils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028718","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Gaussian-based filters for detecting Martian dust devils","docAbstract":"The ability to automatically detect dust devils in the Martian atmosphere from orbital imagery is becoming important both for scientific studies of the planet and for the planning of future robotic and manned missions. This paper describes our approach for the unsupervised detection of dust devils and the preliminary results achieved to date. The algorithm centers upon the use of a filter constructed from Gaussian profiles to match dust devil characteristics over a range of scale and orientation. The classification step is designed to reduce false positive errors caused by static surface features such as craters. A brief discussion of planned future work is included. ?? 2006 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation","conferenceTitle":"7th IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation","conferenceDate":"26 March 2006 through 28 March 2006","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","isbn":"1424400694; 9781424400690","usgsCitation":"Yang, F., Mlsna, P., and Geissler, P., 2006, Gaussian-based filters for detecting Martian dust devils, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation, v. 2006, Denver, CO, 26 March 2006 through 28 March 2006, p. 46-50.","startPage":"46","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2006","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14e6e4b0c8380cd54c08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, F.","contributorId":23326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mlsna, P.A.","contributorId":53147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mlsna","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geissler, P.","contributorId":45662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028716,"text":"70028716 - 2006 - Nearshore shore-oblique bars, gravel outcrops, and their correlation to shoreline change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T14:59:30","indexId":"70028716","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nearshore shore-oblique bars, gravel outcrops, and their correlation to shoreline change","docAbstract":"<p>This study demonstrates the physical concurrence of shore-oblique bars and gravel outcrops in the surf zone along the northern Outer Banks of North Carolina. These subaqueous features are spatially correlated with shoreline change at a range of temporal and spatial scales. Previous studies have noted the existence of beach-surf zone interactions, but in general, relationships between nearshore geological features and coastal change are poorly understood. These new findings should be considered when exploring coastal zone dynamics and developing predictive engineering models.</p><p>The surf zone and nearshore region of the Outer Banks is predominantly planar and sandy, but there are several discrete regions with shore-oblique bars and interspersed gravel outcrops. These bar fields have relief up to 3&nbsp;m, are several kilometers wide, and were relatively stationary over a 1.5&nbsp;year survey period; however, the shoreward component of the bar field does exhibit change during this time frame. All gravel outcrops observed in the study region, a 40&nbsp;km longshore length, were located adjacent to a shore-oblique bar, in a trough that had width and length similar to that of the associated bar. Seismic surveys show that the outcrops are part of a gravel stratum underlying the active surface sand layer.</p><p>Cross-correlation analyses demonstrate high correlation of monthly and multi-decadal shoreline change rates with the adjacent surf-zone bathymetry and sediment distribution. Regionally, areas with shore-oblique bars and gravel outcrops are correlated with on-shore areas of high short-term shoreline variability and high long-term shoreline change rates. The major peaks in long-term shoreline erosion are onshore of shore-oblique bars, but not all areas with high rates of long-term shoreline change are associated with shore-oblique bars and troughs.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2006.08.007","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Schupp, C., McNinch, J.E., and List, J.H., 2006, Nearshore shore-oblique bars, gravel outcrops, and their correlation to shoreline change: Marine Geology, v. 233, no. 1-4, p. 63-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2006.08.007.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"79","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Outer Banks","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.8660888671875,\n              35.03449433167976\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.21240234375,\n              35.03449433167976\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.21240234375,\n              36.15561783381855\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.8660888671875,\n              36.15561783381855\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.8660888671875,\n              35.03449433167976\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"233","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a641ae4b0c8380cd7289e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schupp, C.A.","contributorId":12674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schupp","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McNinch, J. E.","contributorId":50342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNinch","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"List, J. H.","contributorId":70406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028701,"text":"70028701 - 2006 - Varieties of submarine failure morphologies of seismically-induced landslides in Alaskan fjords","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T16:58:34","indexId":"70028701","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Varieties of submarine failure morphologies of seismically-induced landslides in Alaskan fjords","docAbstract":"<p>The Great Alaska Earthquake of 1964 caused major damage and 43 deaths in the coastal communities of Seward and Valdez. Most of these losses were caused by tsunamis that occurred immediately after the earthquake and were most likely induced by local submarine landslides. Recent NOAA multibcam bathymetric surveys near Seward and Valdez provide detailed information about the morphology of landslide deposits in both areas. High-resolution (chirp) surveys were conducted by the USGS, and sediment samples were taken over apparent landslide debris. Landslide deposits near Seward typically take the form of a series of large and small blocks lying directly off the front of the town, although there are indications of sandy and muddy debris flows occurring off river deltas. Near Valdez, landslide morphologies include at least three forms: a field of large blocks (up to 40 m high), an intricate series of gullies, channels, and talus near the fjord-head delta and a broad debris lobe that apparently flowed half-way down the fjord and stopped. The 1964 landslide tsunamis may have been composites resulting from a number of landslide events.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"language":"English","issn":"0029196X","usgsCitation":"Lee, H., Ryan, H., Kayen, R.E., Haeussler, P.J., Dartnell, P., and Hampton, M.A., 2006, Varieties of submarine failure morphologies of seismically-induced landslides in Alaskan fjords, <i>in</i> Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, v. 86, no. 3, p. 221-230.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"230","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc199e4b08c986b32a685","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, H.","contributorId":40739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryan, H.","contributorId":94241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kayen, R. E.","contributorId":14424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":419334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dartnell, P.","contributorId":60797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hampton, M. A.","contributorId":103271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028824,"text":"70028824 - 2006 - Distribution and abundance of American eels in the White Oak River estuary, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028824","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of American eels in the White Oak River estuary, North Carolina","docAbstract":"Apparent widespread declines in abundance of Anguilla rostrata (American eel) have reinforced the need for information regarding its life history and status. We used commercial eel pots and crab (peeler) pots to examine the distribution, condition, and abundance of American eels within the White Oak River estuary, NC, during summers of 2002-2003. Catch of American eels per overnight set was 0.35 (SE = 0.045) in 2002 and 0.49 (SE = 0.044) in 2003. There was not a significant linear relationship between catch per set and depth in 2002 (P = 0.31, depth range 0.9-3.4 m) or 2003 (P = 0.18, depth range 0.6-3.4 m). American eels from the White Oak River were in good condition, based on the slope of a length-weight relationship (3.41) compared to the median slope (3.15) from other systems. Estimates of population density from grid sampling in 2003 (300 mm and larger: 4.0-13.8 per ha) were similar to estimates for the Hudson River estuary, but substantially less than estimates from other (smaller) systems including tidal creeks within estuaries. Density estimates from coastal waters can be used with harvest records to examine whether overfishing has contributed to the recent apparent declines in American eel abundance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15287092","usgsCitation":"Hightower, J., and Nesnow, C., 2006, Distribution and abundance of American eels in the White Oak River estuary, North Carolina: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 5, no. 4, p. 693-710.","startPage":"693","endPage":"710","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0258e4b0c8380cd4fff8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hightower, J.E.","contributorId":16605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nesnow, C.","contributorId":100176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nesnow","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028702,"text":"70028702 - 2006 - Effects of live-well conditions on mortality and largemouth bass virus prevalence in largemouth bass caught during summer tournaments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70028702","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of live-well conditions on mortality and largemouth bass virus prevalence in largemouth bass caught during summer tournaments","docAbstract":"We evaluated the effect of improved live-well conditions and the interaction of tournament stress and largemouth bass virus (LMBV) on tournament-associated mortality of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides caught during 12 summer tournaments. Improvements in live-well conditions (reduction in water temperature by 2-5??C; addition of NaCl; continuous aeration) significantly reduced initial mortality of largemouth bass from 7% to 3% (F 1,11 = 10.29, P < 0.01). However, postrelease mortality of fish held for 5 d in net-pens or raceways was not reduced by the improved live-well conditions and averaged 76% for all tournament fish (F1,11 = 0.09, P = 0.77). The percentage of angler-caught fish infected with LMBV at the end of tournaments (14%) was significantly higher (P = 0.05) than the percentage infected in the general population (7%). The percentage of LMBV-infected fish increased during the post-tournament retention period to 64% for fish from live wells with improved conditions and 70% for fish from control live wells. Reference fish collected by electrofishing and held with tournament fish for 5 d also had high mortality (59%) and LMBV prevalence (47%), but these variables were significantly lower than those for tournament fish (mortality: F 2,30 = 3.63, P = 0.04; prevalence [Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test]: P < 0.01). Many of the fish also had bacterial diseases during the post-tournament period, so the effect of LMBV on postrelease mortality could not be determined. However, the higher postrelease mortality of tournament and reference fish in our study relative to that observed in previous tournaments on lakes presumed free of LMBV suggests that this newly discovered pathogen influences measurement of post-tournament mortality. Increases in LMBV prevalence after typical fishing tournaments without prolonged post-tournament fish confinement will probably be lower than those we observed, but further research on the effects of LMBV on fish released from tournaments is warranted. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M04-210.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Schramm, H., Walters, A., Grizzle, J., Beck, B., Hanson, L.A., and Rees, S., 2006, Effects of live-well conditions on mortality and largemouth bass virus prevalence in largemouth bass caught during summer tournaments: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 26, no. 4, p. 812-825, https://doi.org/10.1577/M04-210.1.","startPage":"812","endPage":"825","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209738,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M04-210.1"},{"id":236435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0747e4b0c8380cd51619","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schramm, H.L. Jr.","contributorId":103823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schramm","given":"H.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walters, A.R.","contributorId":22953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grizzle, J.M.","contributorId":57016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grizzle","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beck, B.H.","contributorId":30423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanson, L. A.","contributorId":21111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"L.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rees, S.B.","contributorId":83322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028695,"text":"70028695 - 2006 - Comparison of the historical record of earthquake hazard with seismic-hazard models for New Zealand and the continental United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T11:35:05","indexId":"70028695","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of the historical record of earthquake hazard with seismic-hazard models for New Zealand and the continental United States","docAbstract":"We compare the historical record of earthquake hazard experienced at 78 towns and cities (sites) distributed across New Zealand and the continental United States with the hazard estimated from the national probabilistic seismic-hazard (PSH) models for the two countries. The two PSH models are constructed with similar methodologies and data. Our comparisons show a tendency for the PSH models to slightly exceed the historical hazard in New Zealand and westernmost continental United States interplate regions, but show lower hazard than that of the historical record in the continental United States intraplate region. Factors such as non-Poissonian behavior, parameterization of active fault data in the PSH calculations, and uncertainties in estimation of ground-motion levels from historical felt intensity data for the interplate regions may have led to the higher-than-historical levels of hazard at the interplate sites. In contrast, the less-than-historical hazard for the remaining continental United States (intraplate) sites may be largely due to site conditions not having been considered at the intraplate sites, and uncertainties in correlating ground-motion levels to historical felt intensities. The study also highlights the importance of evaluating PSH models at more than one region, because the conclusions reached on the basis of a solely interplate or intraplate study would be very different.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050176","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Stirling, M.W., and Petersen, M.D., 2006, Comparison of the historical record of earthquake hazard with seismic-hazard models for New Zealand and the continental United States: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 6, p. 1978-1994, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050176.","startPage":"1978","endPage":"1994","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209663,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050176"},{"id":236332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8ace4b0c8380cd4d204","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stirling, Mark W.","contributorId":175118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stirling","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":419297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70180884,"text":"70180884 - 2006 - Conservation plan for the Marbled Godwit: Version 1.1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T14:43:00","indexId":"70180884","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Conservation plan for the Marbled Godwit: Version 1.1","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Manomet Center for Conservation Science","publisherLocation":"Manomet, MA","usgsCitation":"Melcher, C., Farmer, A., and Fernandez, G., 2006, Conservation plan for the Marbled Godwit: Version 1.1, 114 p.","productDescription":"114 p.","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58999945e4b0efcedb71a0b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Melcher, Cynthia","contributorId":101593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melcher","given":"Cynthia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farmer, A.","contributorId":20957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fernandez, G.","contributorId":8798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernandez","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028869,"text":"70028869 - 2006 - Consumers limit the abundance and dynamics of a perennial shrub with a seed bank","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028869","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consumers limit the abundance and dynamics of a perennial shrub with a seed bank","docAbstract":"For nearly 30 years, ecologists have argued that predators of seeds and seedlings seldom have population-level effects on plants with persistent seed banks and density-dependent seedling survival. We parameterized stage-based population models that incorporated density dependence and seed dormancy with data from a 5.5-year experiment that quantified how granivorous mice and herbivorous voles influence bush lupine (Lupinus arboreus) demography. We asked how seed dormancy and density-dependent seedling survival mediate the impacts of these consumers in dune and grassland habitats. In dune habitat, mice reduced analytical ?? (the intrinsic rate of population growth) by 39%, the equilibrium number of above-ground plants by 90%, and the seed bank by 98%; voles had minimal effects. In adjacent grasslands, mice had minimal effects, but seedling herbivory by voles reduced analytical ?? by 15% and reduced both the equilibrium number of aboveground plants and dormant seeds by 63%. A bootstrap analysis demonstrated that these consumer effects were robust to parameter uncertainty. Our results demonstrate that the quantitative strengths of seed dormancy and density-dependent seedling survival-not their mere existence-critically mediate consumer effects. This study suggests that plant population dynamics and distribution may be more strongly influenced by consumers of seeds and seedlings than is currently recognized. ?? 2006 by The University of Chicago.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/507877","issn":"00030147","usgsCitation":"Kauffman, M.J., and Maron, J., 2006, Consumers limit the abundance and dynamics of a perennial shrub with a seed bank: American Naturalist, v. 168, no. 4, p. 454-470, https://doi.org/10.1086/507877.","startPage":"454","endPage":"470","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209933,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/507877"},{"id":236693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"168","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa23e4b0c8380cd4d954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kauffman, M. J.","contributorId":44262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maron, J.L.","contributorId":87735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maron","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028785,"text":"70028785 - 2006 - Diurnal versus nocturnal surveys for California red-legged frogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028785","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diurnal versus nocturnal surveys for California red-legged frogs","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1805:DVNSFC]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Fellers, G.M., and Kleeman, P., 2006, Diurnal versus nocturnal surveys for California red-legged frogs: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 6, p. 1805-1808, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1805:DVNSFC]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"1805","endPage":"1808","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209822,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1805:DVNSFC]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"70","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0345e4b0c8380cd503d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fellers, G. M.","contributorId":82653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleeman, P.M.","contributorId":67707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleeman","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028787,"text":"70028787 - 2006 - Applications of GIS and database technologies to manage a Karst Feature Database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70028787","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2201,"text":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applications of GIS and database technologies to manage a Karst Feature Database","docAbstract":"This paper describes the management of a Karst Feature Database (KFD) in Minnesota. Two sets of applications in both GIS and Database Management System (DBMS) have been developed for the KFD of Minnesota. These applications were used to manage and to enhance the usability of the KFD. Structured Query Language (SQL) was used to manipulate transactions of the database and to facilitate the functionality of the user interfaces. The Database Administrator (DBA) authorized users with different access permissions to enhance the security of the database. Database consistency and recovery are accomplished by creating data logs and maintaining backups on a regular basis. The working database provides guidelines and management tools for future studies of karst features in Minnesota. The methodology of designing this DBMS is applicable to develop GIS-based databases to analyze and manage geomorphic and hydrologic datasets at both regional and local scales. The short-term goal of this research is to develop a regional KFD for the Upper Mississippi Valley Karst and the long-term goal is to expand this database to manage and study karst features at national and global scales.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10906924","usgsCitation":"Gao, Y., Tipping, R., and Alexander, E., 2006, Applications of GIS and database technologies to manage a Karst Feature Database: Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 68, no. 3, p. 144-152.","startPage":"144","endPage":"152","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ecc3e4b0c8380cd49486","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gao, Y.","contributorId":82437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gao","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tipping, R.G.","contributorId":67272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tipping","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, E.C. Jr.","contributorId":94062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"E.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028850,"text":"70028850 - 2006 - Mercury in soils, lakes, and fish in Voyageurs National Park (Minnesota): Importance of atmospheric deposition and ecosystem factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028850","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury in soils, lakes, and fish in Voyageurs National Park (Minnesota): Importance of atmospheric deposition and ecosystem factors","docAbstract":"Concentrations of methylmercury in game fish from many interior lakes in Voyageurs National Park (MN, U.S.A.) substantially exceed criteria for the protection of human health. We assessed the importance of atmospheric and geologic sources of mercury to interior lakes and watersheds within the Park and identified ecosystem factors associated with variation in methylmercury contamination of lacustrine food webs. Geologic sources of mercury were small, based on analyses of underlying bedrock and C-horizon soils, and nearly all mercury in the O- and A-horizon soils was derived from atmospheric deposition. Analyses of dated sediment cores from five lakes showed that most (63% ?? 13%) of the mercury accumulated in lake sediments during the 1900s was from anthropogenic sources. Contamination of food webs was assessed by analysis of whole, 1-year-old yellow perch (Perca flavescens), a regionally important prey fish. The concentrations of total mercury in yellow perch and of methylmercury in lake water varied substantially among lakes, reflecting the influence of ecosystem processes and variables that affect the microbial production and abundance of methylmercury. Models developed with the information-theoretic approach (Akaike Information Criteria) identified lake water pH, dissolved sulfate, and total organic carbon (an indicator of wetland influence) as factors influencing methylmercury concentrations in lake water and fish. We conclude that nearly all of the mercury in fish in this seemingly pristine landscape was derived from atmospheric deposition, that most of this bioaccumulated mercury was from anthropogenic sources, and that both watershed and lacustrine factors exert important controls on the bioaccumulation of methylmercury. ?? 2006 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es060822h","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Wiener, J., Knights, B., Sandheinrich, M., Jeremiason, J.D., Brigham, M.E., Engstrom, D., Woodruff, L.G., Cannon, W., and Balogh, S., 2006, Mercury in soils, lakes, and fish in Voyageurs National Park (Minnesota): Importance of atmospheric deposition and ecosystem factors: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 20, p. 6261-6268, https://doi.org/10.1021/es060822h.","startPage":"6261","endPage":"6268","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209699,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es060822h"},{"id":236379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-09-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5416e4b0c8380cd6ce9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiener, J.G.","contributorId":44107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiener","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knights, B.C. 0000-0001-8526-8468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-8468","contributorId":42937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knights","given":"B.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sandheinrich, M.B.","contributorId":76263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandheinrich","given":"M.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jeremiason, Jeffrey D.","contributorId":7146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeremiason","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brigham, M. E.","contributorId":87535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Engstrom, D.R.","contributorId":88496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engstrom","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Woodruff, L. G.","contributorId":46999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cannon, W.F. 0000-0002-2699-8118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":70382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"W.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Balogh, S.J.","contributorId":107455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balogh","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70028789,"text":"70028789 - 2006 - Deep Europe today: Geophysical synthesis of the upper mantle structure and lithospheric processes over 3.5 Ga","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028789","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1784,"text":"Geological Society Memoir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep Europe today: Geophysical synthesis of the upper mantle structure and lithospheric processes over 3.5 Ga","docAbstract":"We present a summary of geophysical models of the subcrustal lithosphere of Europe. This includes the results from seismic (reflection and refraction profiles, P- and S-wave tomography, mantle anisotropy), gravity, thermal, electromagnetic, elastic and petrological studies of the lithospheric mantle. We discuss major tectonic processes as reflected in the lithospheric structure of Europe, from Precambrian terrane accretion and subduction to Phanerozoic rifting, volcanism, subduction and continent-continent collision. The differences in the lithospheric structure of Precambrian and Phanerozoic Europe, as illustrated by a comparative analysis of different geophysical data, are shown to have both a compositional and a thermal origin. We propose an integrated model of physical properties of the European subcrustal lithosphere, with emphasis on the depth intervals around 150 and 250 km. At these depths, seismic velocity models, constrained by body-and surface-wave continent-scale tomography, are compared with mantle temperatures and mantle gravity anomalies. This comparison provides a framework for discussion of the physical or chemical origin of the major lithospheric anomalies and their relation to large-scale tectonic processes, which have formed the present lithosphere of Europe. ?? The Geological Society of London 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society Memoir","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"04354052","isbn":"1862392129; 9781862392120","usgsCitation":"Artemieva, I., Thybo, H., and Kaban, M., 2006, Deep Europe today: Geophysical synthesis of the upper mantle structure and lithospheric processes over 3.5 Ga: Geological Society Memoir, no. 32, p. 11-41.","startPage":"11","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe1ae4b0c8380cd4eb0f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gee D.G.Stephenson R.A.","contributorId":128344,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Gee D.G.Stephenson R.A.","id":536648,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Artemieva, I.M.","contributorId":71728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artemieva","given":"I.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thybo, H.","contributorId":57599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thybo","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaban, M.K.","contributorId":47124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaban","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70180912,"text":"70180912 - 2006 - Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T14:43:10","indexId":"70180912","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets","docAbstract":"<p>A successful captive breeding program for highly endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) has resulted in surplus animals that have been released at multiple sites since 1991. Because reproductive output of captive ferrets declines after several years, many adult ferrets must be removed from captive breeding facilities annually to keep total production high. Adults are routinely released, with young-of-the-year, on prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) colonies. We evaluated postrelease movements and survival rates for 94 radio-tagged young and adult ferrets. Radio-tagged adult ferrets made longer movements than young ferrets during the night of release and had significantly lower survival rates for the first 14 days. Coyotes (Canis latrans) caused the largest number of ferret losses. A larger data set of 623 ferrets represented adults and young that were individually marked with passive integrated transponders but were not radio tagged. Minimum survival rates, calculated primarily from ferrets detected during spotlight searches and identified with tag readers, again were significantly lower for adults than for young ferrets at 30 days postrelease (10.1 percent and 45.5 percent survival, respectively) and at 150 days postrelease (5.7 percent and 25.9 percent). Assessment of known survival time by using linear modeling demonstrated a significant interaction between age and sex, with greater disparity between adults and kits for females than for males. Postrelease survival of adult ferrets might be increased if animals were given earlier and longer exposure to the quasinatural environments of preconditioning pens.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat","conferenceDate":"January 28-29, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Biggins, D.E., Godbey, J.L., Livieri, T., Matchett, M.R., and Bibles, B.D., 2006, Postrelease movements and survival of adult and young black-footed ferrets, <i>in</i> Recovery of the black-footed ferret: Progress and continuing challenges- Proceedings of the Symposium on the Status of the Black-footed Ferret and Its Habitat, Fort Collins, Colorado, January 28-29, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5293), Fort Collins, CO, January 28-29, 2004, p. 191-200.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"200","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334902,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5293/report.pdf#page=202","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab3e4b0efcedb72d255","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L. godbeyj@usgs.gov","contributorId":5121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"godbeyj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":662798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Livieri, Travis M.","contributorId":16265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livieri","given":"Travis M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":35581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bibles, Brent D.","contributorId":77720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bibles","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028715,"text":"70028715 - 2006 - Introduction to the special issue on the 2004 Parkfield earthquake and the Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028715","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to the special issue on the 2004 Parkfield earthquake and the Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment","docAbstract":"The 28 September 2004 M 6.0 Parkfield earthquake, a long-anticipated event on the San Andreas fault, is the world's best recorded earthquake to date, with state-of-the-art data obtained from geologic, geodetic, seismic, magnetic, and electrical field networks. This has allowed the preearthquake and postearthquake states of the San Andreas fault in this region to be analyzed in detail. Analyses of these data provide views into the San Andreas fault that show a complex geologic history, fault geometry, rheology, and response of the nearby region to the earthquake-induced ground movement. Although aspects of San Andreas fault zone behavior in the Parkfield region can be modeled simply over geological time frames, the Parkfield Earthquake Prediction Experiment and the 2004 Parkfield earthquake indicate that predicting the fine details of future earthquakes is still a challenge. Instead of a deterministic approach, forecasting future damaging behavior, such as that caused by strong ground motions, will likely continue to require probabilistic methods. However, the Parkfield Earthquake Prediction Experiment and the 2004 Parkfield earthquake have provided ample data to understand most of what did occur in 2004, culminating in significant scientific advances.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050831","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Harris, R., and Arrowsmith, J., 2006, Introduction to the special issue on the 2004 Parkfield earthquake and the Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 4 B, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050831.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477686,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1235784","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209868,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050831"},{"id":236609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"4 B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e04e4b0c8380cd63a29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, R.A. 0000-0002-9247-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":41849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arrowsmith, J.R.","contributorId":88536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arrowsmith","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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