{"pageNumber":"249","pageRowStart":"6200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11361,"records":[{"id":18601,"text":"ofr93407 - 1993 - Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":18601,"text":"ofr93407 - 1993 - Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","indexId":"ofr93407","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":21946,"text":"ofr00212 - 2000 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Processing, taxonomy, and quality control of benthic macroinvertebrate samples","indexId":"ofr00212","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Processing, taxonomy, and quality control of benthic macroinvertebrate samples"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":21946,"text":"ofr00212 - 2000 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Processing, taxonomy, and quality control of benthic macroinvertebrate samples","indexId":"ofr00212","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Processing, taxonomy, and quality control of benthic macroinvertebrate samples"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-26T10:08:37","indexId":"ofr93407","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-407","title":"Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","docAbstract":"<p>Benthic invertebrate samples are collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. This is a perennial, multidisciplinary program that integrates biological, physical, and chemical indicators of water quality to evaluate status and trends and to develop an understanding of the factors controlling observed water quality. The Program examines water quality in 60 study units (coupled ground- and surface-water systems) that encompass most of the conterminous United States and parts of Alaska and Hawaii. Study-unit teams collect and process qualitative and semi-quantitative invertebrate samples according to standardized procedures. These samples are processed (elutriated and subsampled) in the field to produce as many as four sample components: large-rare, main-body, elutriate, and split. Each sample component is preserved in 10-percent formalin, and two components, large-rare and main-body, are sent to contract laboratories for further processing. The large-rare component is composed of large invertebrates that are removed from the sample matrix during field processing and placed in one or more containers. The main-body sample component consists of the remaining sample materials (sediment, detritus, and invertebrates) and is subsampled in the field to achieve a volume of 750 milliliters or less. The remaining two sample components, elutriate and split, are used for quality-assurance and quality-control purposes. Contract laboratories are used to identify and quantify invertebrates from the large-rare and main-body sample components according to the procedures and guidelines specified within this document. These guidelines allow the use of subsampling techniques to reduce the volume of sample material processed and to facilitate identifications. These processing procedures and techniques may be modified if the modifications provide equal or greater levels of accuracy and precision. The intent of sample processing is to determine the quantity of each taxon present in the semi-quantitative samples or to list the taxa present in qualitative samples. The processing guidelines provide standardized laboratory forms, sample labels, detailed sample processing flow charts, standardized format for electronic data, quality-assurance procedures and checks, sample tracking standards, and target levels for taxonomic determinations. The contract laboratory (1) is responsible for identifications and quantifications, (2) constructs reference collections, (3) provides data in hard copy and electronic forms, (4) follows specified quality-assurance and quality-control procedures, and (5) returns all processed and unprocessed portions of the samples. The U.S. Geological Survey's Quality Management Group maintains a Biological Quality-Assurance Unit, located at the National Water-Quality Laboratory, Arvada, Colorado, to oversee the use of contract laboratories and ensure the quality of data obtained from these laboratories according to the guidelines established in this document. This unit establishes contract specifications, reviews contractor performance (timeliness, accuracy, and consistency), enters data into the National Water Information System-II data base, maintains in-house reference collections, deposits voucher specimens in outside museums, and interacts with taxonomic experts within and outside the U.S. Geological Survey. This unit also modifies the existing sample processing and quality-assurance guidelines, establishes criteria and testing procedures for qualifying potential contract laboratories, identifies qualified taxonomic experts, and establishes voucher collections.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","doi":"10.3133/ofr93407","usgsCitation":"Cuffney, T., Gurtz, M., and Meador, M.R., 1993, Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-407, vi, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93407.","productDescription":"vi, 80 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":363256,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0407/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1087,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr93407","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":150810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0407/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a301","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cuffney, T. F.","contributorId":108134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"T. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gurtz, M. E.","contributorId":29841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurtz","given":"M. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":4501,"text":"cir1102 - 1993 - 1993 annual report on Alaska's mineral resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:48","indexId":"cir1102","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1102","title":"1993 annual report on Alaska's mineral resources","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir1102","usgsCitation":"Schneider, J.L., 1993, 1993 annual report on Alaska's mineral resources: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1102, x, 70 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1102.","productDescription":"x, 70 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1993/1102/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31561,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1993/1102/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4916e4b0b290850eedfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, Jill L. jschnidr@usgs.gov","contributorId":4322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Jill","email":"jschnidr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":149345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18266,"text":"ofr93238 - 1993 - Onshore-offshore wide-angle seismic recordings of the 1989 Alaskan EDGE profile: Five-day recorder data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-02T22:22:19.879921","indexId":"ofr93238","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-238","title":"Onshore-offshore wide-angle seismic recordings of the 1989 Alaskan EDGE profile: Five-day recorder data","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93238","usgsCitation":"Brocher, T., and Moses, M.J., 1993, Onshore-offshore wide-angle seismic recordings of the 1989 Alaskan EDGE profile: Five-day recorder data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-238, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93238.","productDescription":"25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392417,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12655.htm"},{"id":47619,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0238/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":151140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0238/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.72070312499997,\n              57.16007826737998\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.77734375,\n              57.16007826737998\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.77734375,\n              59.66774058164963\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.72070312499997,\n              59.66774058164963\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.72070312499997,\n              57.16007826737998\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691989","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moses, M. J.","contributorId":12873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moses","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":18023,"text":"ofr93644 - 1993 - Levels of lakes in the north Kenai area, Alaska 1970 to 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-27T20:29:56.922211","indexId":"ofr93644","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-644","title":"Levels of lakes in the north Kenai area, Alaska 1970 to 1992","docAbstract":"The water-surface elevations of 12 lakes near Kenai and Nikiski, Alaska, were measured periodically from 1970 through 1992 using differential leveling techniques. The study was done in cooperation with the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, to help determine seasonal and long-term changes in water storage. Hydrographs accompanied by tables show the elevations of the water surface of the 12 lakes. A graph shows the precipitation at Kenai Municipal Airport.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93644","usgsCitation":"Bailey, B.J., and McIntire, J.A., 1993, Levels of lakes in the north Kenai area, Alaska 1970 to 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-644, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93644.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":408829,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12786.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":47270,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0644/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0644/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"north Kenai area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -151.5,\n              60.8280\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.5,\n              60.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.961,\n              60.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.961,\n              60.8280\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.5,\n              60.8280\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5502","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, B. J.","contributorId":82721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntire, J. A.","contributorId":8124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntire","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":33242,"text":"b2068 - 1993 - Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-27T20:10:14.794994","indexId":"b2068","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2068","title":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1992","docAbstract":"<p>This collection of 19 papers continues the annual series of U.S. Geological Survey reports on the geology of Alaska. The contributions, which include full-length Articles and shorter Geologic Notes, cover a broad range of topics including dune formation, stratigraphy, paleontology, isotopic dating, mineral resources, and tectonics. Articles, grouped under four regional headings, span nearly the entire State from the North Slope to southwestern, south-central, and southeastern Alaska (fig. 1).</p><p>In the section on northern Alaska, Galloway and Carter use new data on dune morphology and radiocarbon ages from the western Arctic Coastal Plain to develop a late Holocene chronology of multiple episodes of dune stabilization and reactivation for the region. Their study has important implications for climatic changes in northern Alaska during the past 4,000 years. In two papers, Dumoulin and her coauthors describe lithofacies and conodont faunas of Carboniferous strata in the western Brooks Range, discuss depositional environments, and propose possible correlations and source areas for some of the strata. Schenk and Bird propose a preliminary division of the Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic section in the central part of the North Slope into depositional sequences. Aleinikoff and others present new U-Pb data for zircons from metaigneous rocks from the central Brooks Range. Karl and Mull, reacting to a proposal regarding terrane nomenclature for northern Alaska that was published in last year's Alaskan Studies Bulletin, provide a historical perspective of the evolution of terminology for tectonic units in the Brooks Range and present their own recommendations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b2068","usgsCitation":"1993, Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2068, vi, 250 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2068.","productDescription":"vi, 250 p.","numberOfPages":"260","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417987,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22353.htm","text":"Deep-water lithofacies and 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Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22356.htm","text":"Favorable areas for metallic mineral resources in and near the Horn Mountains, Sleetmute quadrangle, southwestern Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":481319,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22357.htm","text":"Geochemical character of Upper Paleozoic and Triassic greenstone and related metavolcanic rocks of the Wrangellia terrane in northern southeastern Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":481320,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22358.htm","text":"Geochemistry of ophiolitic rocks from Knight Island, Prince William Sound, Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":481321,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22359.htm","text":"Gold and cinnabar in heavy-mineral concentrates from stream-sediment collected from the western half of the Lime Hills 1 degree X 3 degree quadrangle, Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":481322,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22360.htm","text":"Late Holocene longitudinal and parabolic dunes in northern Alaska: preliminary interpretation of age and paleoclimatic significance","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":481323,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22361.htm","text":"Lithofacies and conodonts of Carboniferous strata in the Ivotuk Hills, western Brooks Range, Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":481324,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22362.htm","text":"Newly discovered molybdenite occurrences at Dora Bay, Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska, and preliminary scanning electron microscope 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,{"id":18199,"text":"ofr93508A - 1993 - Principal facts for gravity stations on Annette Island, Southeast Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:21","indexId":"ofr93508A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-508","chapter":"A","title":"Principal facts for gravity stations on Annette Island, Southeast Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr93508A","usgsCitation":"Bond, K.R., 1993, Principal facts for gravity stations on Annette Island, Southeast Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-508, 12 leaves :ill ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93508A.","productDescription":"12 leaves :ill ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0508a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47567,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0508a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66772d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bond, Kevin R.","contributorId":44937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bond","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":16941,"text":"ofr93685B - 1993 - Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Redoubt Volcano and Mt. Spurr, Alaska: October 12, 1989 - December 31, 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T16:49:03","indexId":"ofr93685B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-685","chapter":"B","title":"Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Redoubt Volcano and Mt. Spurr, Alaska: October 12, 1989 - December 31, 1990","docAbstract":"<p>This diskette contains a Hypoellipse summary file, 1989-90.SUM.&nbsp;For more&nbsp;information and explanation see U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report &nbsp;89-116 by John C. Lahr.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr93685B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Power, J.A., March, G.D., Lahr, J.C., Jolly, A.D., and Cruse, G.R., 1993, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Redoubt Volcano and Mt. Spurr, Alaska: October 12, 1989 - December 31, 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-685, 1 computer disk ;5 1/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93685B.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;5 1/4 in.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277778,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0685b/application.zip","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5efb3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":174250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"March, Gail D.","contributorId":22028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"March","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lahr, John C.","contributorId":20328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jolly, Arthur D.","contributorId":57913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolly","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cruse, Gina R.","contributorId":174442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cruse","given":"Gina","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13662,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":174253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":27930,"text":"wri934078 - 1993 - Hydrologic and mass-movement hazards near McCarthy, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T20:31:55.793226","indexId":"wri934078","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4078","title":"Hydrologic and mass-movement hazards near McCarthy, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska","docAbstract":"At the confluence of McCarthy Creek and the Kennicott River, about 1 mile from the terminus of Kennicott Glacier, Alaska, McCarthy Creek and Kennicott River basins are prone to several natural hazards including floods; formation and failure of natural dams; stream erosion and sediment deposi- tion; snow avalanches; aufeis; and the mass wasting of rock, soil, and debris. Low-lying areas along the Kennicott River flood annually, commonly during late July or early August, as a result of outbursts from glacier-dammed lakes, but these floods can occur during any month of the year. Flood plains along McCarthy Creek and its tributaries are frequently flooded and prone to rapid erosion and deposition during intense rainfall and periods of rapid snow- melt. Sediments from continual mass wasting accumu- late in stream channels and are mobilized during floods. Several lateral erosion, scour, and deposition resulting from floods in September 1980 and August 1985 destroyed bridges and several historic structures at McCarthy were jeopardized by the rapidly eroding northern streambank of McCarthy Creek. Flood discharges were determined indirectly using the slope-area method at two high-gradient reaches on the Kennicott River, four on McCarthy Creek, and one on Nikolai Creek. During the flood of September 13, 1980, peak discharge for McCarthy Creek at McCarthy was 4,500 cubic feet per second.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri934078","usgsCitation":"Jones, S.H., and Glass, R.L., 1993, Hydrologic and mass-movement hazards near McCarthy, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4078, vi, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934078.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394830,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47799.htm"},{"id":56746,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4078/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"McCarthy","otherGeospatial":"Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -142.9964,\n              61.3881\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.6239,\n              61.3881\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.6239,\n              61.6594\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.9964,\n              61.6594\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.9964,\n              61.3881\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611830","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, S. H.","contributorId":68759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glass, R. L.","contributorId":80279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glass","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":16940,"text":"ofr93685A - 1993 - Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Redoubt Volcano and Mt. Spurr, Alaska: October 12, 1989 - December 31, 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T16:49:22","indexId":"ofr93685A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-685","chapter":"A","title":"Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Redoubt Volcano and Mt. Spurr, Alaska: October 12, 1989 - December 31, 1990","docAbstract":"<p>The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, began a program of seismic monitoring at potentially active volcanoes in the Cook Inlet region in 1988. Seismic monitoring of this area was previously accomplished by two independent seismic networks operated by the U.S. Geological Survey (Northern Cook Inlet) and the Geophysical Institute (Southern Cook Inlet). In 1989 the AVO seismic program consisted of three small-aperture networks of six, five, and six stations on Mt. Spurr, Redoubt Volcano, and Augustine Volcano respectively. Thirty-five other stations were operated in the Cook Inlet region as part of the AVO program. During 1990 six additional stations were added to the Redoubt network in response to eruptive activity, and three stations were installed at Iliamna Volcano. The principal objectives of the AVO program have been the seismic surveillance of the Cook Inlet volcanoes and the investigation of seismic processes associated with active volcanism.</p>\n<p>The locations of seismograph stations operated by AVO between 1988 and 1990 are shown in Figure 1. Geographic coordinates, elevations, and the installation date of each of the stations are contained in Appendix A. Signals from each of the stations are telemetered to Fairbanks, where recording and analysis take place. Data is recorded digitally in event-detection mode on a PC/AT system and continuously and in event-detection mode on a Masscomp system (Alaska Volcano Observatory Staff, 1990). The two event-detection systems employ different triggering parameters, with the PC/AT system having greater sensitivity for events in close proximity to the volcanoes. Data is also recorded on Helicorders, a Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement (RSAM) system (Murray and Endo, 1989; Endo and Murray, 1991), and a Seismic Spectral Amplitude Measurement (SSAM) system (Stephens and others, in press). A description of the various components of the computer systems, their networking, and associated software is given by March and Power (1990).</p>\n<p>Following a 23 year period of quiescence, Redoubt Volcano erupted between December 14,1989 and April 21,1990. The eruption was accompanied by thousands of earthquakes (Alaska Volcano Observatory Staff, 1990). Throughout the eruption sequence, data from the PC/AT system provided the primary means of determining earthquake hypocenters. This report catalogs the earthquake hypocenters and magnitudes calculated from data collected between October 12, 1989 and December 31, 1990 on the PC/AT acquisition system, provides station locations, statistics, and calibrations, and outlines which stations were recorded and used in triggering the PC/AT system.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr93685A","usgsCitation":"Power, J.A., March, G.D., Lahr, J.C., Jolly, A.D., and Cruse, G.R., 1993, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Redoubt Volcano and Mt. Spurr, Alaska: October 12, 1989 - December 31, 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-685, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93685A.","productDescription":"57 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0685a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46051,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0685a/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Spurr, Redoubt Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154.13818359375,\n              59.20968817840924\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.13818359375,\n              61.695081959115974\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.7099609375,\n              61.695081959115974\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.7099609375,\n              59.20968817840924\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.13818359375,\n              59.20968817840924\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5efb49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":174248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"March, Gail D.","contributorId":22028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"March","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lahr, John C.","contributorId":20328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jolly, Arthur D.","contributorId":57913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolly","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cruse, Gina R.","contributorId":174442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cruse","given":"Gina","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13662,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":26292,"text":"wri924132 - 1993 - Glacier runoff and sediment transport and deposition, Eklutna Lake basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-11T20:35:00.34308","indexId":"wri924132","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4132","title":"Glacier runoff and sediment transport and deposition, Eklutna Lake basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924132","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 1993, Glacier runoff and sediment transport and deposition, Eklutna Lake basin, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4132, Report: v, 47 p.; 1 Plate: 28.00 x 28.29 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924132.","productDescription":"Report: v, 47 p.; 1 Plate: 28.00 x 28.29 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":55099,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55098,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4132/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4132/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":411737,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47685.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Ekutna Lake basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.15460819862795,\n              61.41239219351124\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.15460819862795,\n              61.33419948659963\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.98324059703114,\n              61.33419948659963\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.98324059703114,\n              61.41239219351124\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.15460819862795,\n              61.41239219351124\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679bc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, T. P.","contributorId":103289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":3689,"text":"cir1094 - 1993 - The Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program: Background information to accompany mineral-resource and geologic maps of the Anchorage quadrangle, south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-28T19:16:34.992886","indexId":"cir1094","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1094","title":"The Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program: Background information to accompany mineral-resource and geologic maps of the Anchorage quadrangle, south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1094","usgsCitation":"Madden-McGuire, D., and Winkler, G., 1993, The Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program: Background information to accompany mineral-resource and geologic maps of the Anchorage quadrangle, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1094, iii, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1094.","productDescription":"iii, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391101,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24148.htm"},{"id":30741,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1993/1094/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1993/1094/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Anchorage quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -147,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -147,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              61\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683589","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madden-McGuire, D. J.","contributorId":107262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden-McGuire","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winkler, Gary R.","contributorId":75513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkler","given":"Gary R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":17624,"text":"ofr93545 - 1993 - Results of 110 apatite fission tract analyses from the Brooks Range and North Slope of northern Alaska, completed in cooperation with the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:22","indexId":"ofr93545","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-545","title":"Results of 110 apatite fission tract analyses from the Brooks Range and North Slope of northern Alaska, completed in cooperation with the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr93545","usgsCitation":"O’Sullivan, P.B., Murphy, J., Moore, T., and Howell, D.G., 1993, Results of 110 apatite fission tract analyses from the Brooks Range and North Slope of northern Alaska, completed in cooperation with the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-545, iii, 104 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93545.","productDescription":"iii, 104 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0545/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46822,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0545/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db6271b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Sullivan, P. B.","contributorId":39950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Sullivan","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, J.M.","contributorId":84760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":85592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howell, D. G.","contributorId":52546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":17475,"text":"ofr93707 - 1993 - Photographs of the 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak, Spurr Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:27","indexId":"ofr93707","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-707","title":"Photographs of the 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak, Spurr Volcano, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr93707","usgsCitation":"Neal, C., McGimsey, R.G., Doukas, M., and Ellersieck, I., 1993, Photographs of the 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak, Spurr Volcano, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-707, 9 p. of plates :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93707.","productDescription":"9 p. of plates :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0707/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46629,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0707/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685e14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, C.A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":91122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGimsey, R. G.","contributorId":93921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doukas, M.P.","contributorId":28615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doukas","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellersieck, Inyo","contributorId":34914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellersieck","given":"Inyo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70187764,"text":"70187764 - 1993 - Foraging ecology as related to the distribution of planktivorous auklets in the Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T16:09:04","indexId":"70187764","displayToPublicDate":"1993-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Foraging ecology as related to the distribution of planktivorous auklets in the Bering Sea","docAbstract":"<p>We review recent accounts of the foraging ecologies of &nbsp;five species of small auklets found in the Bering Sea. These birds eat a wide variety of zooplankton and micronekton. Least Auklets&nbsp;<i>Aethia pusilla&nbsp;</i>and Whiskered Auklets&nbsp;<i>A. pygmaea</i>, as far as is known, primarily eat copepods, whereas Created Auklets&nbsp;<i>A. cristatella</i> appear to specialize on euphausiids, at least during the breeding season. The diet of Parakeet Auklets&nbsp;<i>Cyclorrhynchus psittacula&nbsp;</i>is much broader than that of most other&nbsp;<i>Aethia&nbsp;</i>species, and includes many gelatinous species and their commensals. Little is known of the diet of Cassin's Auklet&nbsp;<i>Ptychoramphus aleuticus&nbsp;</i>in the Bering Sea, although elsewhere they take large copepods, euphausiids, and larval fish.</p><p>There are considerable differences in the at-sea distributions and foraging behaviors of these five species of auklet. Least Auklets in the norhtern Bering Sea concentrate their foraging activities over strongly stratified water and near fronts where pycnoclines may approach the surface. In the Aleutian Islands, Least Auklets forage where oceanic and tidal currents strike the shelf between the islands and rise toward the surface carrying plankton. Least Auklets and Crested Auklets are often found in large flocks, whereas Parakeet Auklets are rarely found in groups of more than three birds and are usually widely dispersed. The few at-sea observations of Whiskered Auklets have been of small flocks in turbulent waters of island passes. We relate prey types taken, foraging dispersion, and the use of hydrographic features by these auklet species.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"The status, ecology and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"The status, ecology and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific: A symposium sponsored by the Pacific Seabird Group, the Canadian Wildlife Service, and the British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks","conferenceDate":"February 22-23, 1990","conferenceLocation":"Victoria, BC","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, CA","usgsCitation":"Hunt, G.L., Harrison, N.M., and Piatt, J.F., 1993, Foraging ecology as related to the distribution of planktivorous auklets in the Bering Sea, <i>in</i> The status, ecology and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific, Victoria, BC, February 22-23, 1990, p. 18-26.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"26","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pacificseabirdgroup.org/psg-publications/symposia/the-status-ecology-and-conservation-of-marine-birds-of-the-north-pacific/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59269bd1e4b0b7ff9fb489d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, George L. Jr.","contributorId":56953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"George","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Nancy M.","contributorId":192115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70186675,"text":"70186675 - 1993 - Rock-forming metals and Pb in modern Alaskan snow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T09:39:47","indexId":"70186675","displayToPublicDate":"1993-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rock-forming metals and Pb in modern Alaskan snow","docAbstract":"<p><span>Metal concentrations in annual and subannual increments of snowpack from the accumulation zone of a south central Alaska glacier indicate that the deposition of Pb with and upon snow is decoupled from that of rock dusts. Rock dusts accumulate, apparently as dry deposition, on the topmost, exposed surfaces of snowpacks in spring and summer, whereas Pb does not. Pb concentration is elevated throughout the latest one third of an annual snowpack, whereas that of rock dusts is not. For whole-year snowpacks, there is a generally sympathetic relationship among concentration of Pb, concentration of rock dust, degree of dominance of rock dusts over ocean solutes, and ferromagnesian character of the rock dusts; however, the fractional abundance of Pb in whole year samples may decrease when rock dust masses become large and/or when rock dusts dominate most strongly over salts. The metal suite chosen to characterize rock dusts and to distinguish them from ocean solutes gives detailed information about rock type of dust source areas and about the nature of the degraded rock products that are taken up, transported, and deposited by the atmosphere. Rock dusts are present at concentrations of only about 300 nanograms (ng) of dust per gram of snow in the Alaskan snowpacks. Concentrations of Pb in the Alaska snow samples are moderate, ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 ng Pb/g snow. This contrasts with larger Pb concentrations of 0.4 to 0.9 ng Pb/g snow in whole-year snowpack samples from the Sierra Nevada, California; with similar to smaller concentrations from north and south Greenland of about 0.04 ng Pb/g snow or less, and about 0.2 ng Pb/g snow or less, respectively, and with much smaller concentrations from Antarctica, now believed to range from a minimum of about 0.001 to a maximum of 0.005 (or 0.01) ng Pb/g snow.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/93JD02257","usgsCitation":"Hinkley, T.K., 1993, Rock-forming metals and Pb in modern Alaskan snow: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 98, no. D11, p. 20537-20545, https://doi.org/10.1029/93JD02257.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"20537","endPage":"20545","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"D11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a54be4b09da6799d63eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinkley, Todd K. 0000-0001-8507-6271 thinkley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8507-6271","contributorId":1497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkley","given":"Todd","email":"thinkley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70180639,"text":"70180639 - 1993 - Genetic comparison of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus isolates from North America and Europe ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T10:29:47","indexId":"70180639","displayToPublicDate":"1993-10-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic comparison of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus isolates from North America and Europe ","docAbstract":"<p>Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is the cdusative agent of a serious rhabdoviral d~sease of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus myklss in Europe The first isolation of the vlrus in North Amenca occurred In the fall of 1988 when it was recovered from adult chinook 0 tshawytscha and coho 0 klsutch salmon returning to 2 hatcher~es in the state of Washington, USA The following year, VHSV was isolated from adult coho salmon at 2 other hatcher~es in northwestern Washington In 1990 and 1991, VHSV was recovered from Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus caught in Pnnce Willlam Sound, Alaska Genetic vanation among the 4 isolates from salmon and the 1990 ~solate from Pacific cod was determ~ned uslng T1 nbonuclease finqerprlnt~ng In addition, 4 d~verse isolates from Europe were lncluded for companson The North Amencan isolates of VHSV formed a slngle fingerprint group In which the 4 isolates from salmonids were h~ghly similar to each other and the isolate from Pacific cod was related but less s~milar The 4 European ~solates which included an isolate from Atlantic cod G morhua, formed a second fingerpnnt group The genetic d~vers~ty among the isolates within each fingerpnnt group was estimated to be less than 5 % whlle the North Amencan and European strains of the virus were judged to differ by more than 5% The results indicate that the North Amerlcan isolates of VHSV are not of European ongln and that the virus may be enzootic wlthin the manne environment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao017073","usgsCitation":"Oshima, K., Higman, K., Arakawa, C., de Kinkelin, P., Jorgensen, P., Meyers, T., and Winton, J., 1993, Genetic comparison of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus isolates from North America and Europe : Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 17, p. 73-80, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao017073.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"73","endPage":"80","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao017073","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":334408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0b9e4b072a7ac129942","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oshima, K.H.","contributorId":96165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oshima","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higman, K.H.","contributorId":152580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Higman","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arakawa, C.K.","contributorId":152140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arakawa","given":"C.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"de Kinkelin, P.","contributorId":152605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Kinkelin","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jorgensen, P.E.V.","contributorId":178969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"P.E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meyers, T.R.","contributorId":108283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyers","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
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