{"pageNumber":"2497","pageRowStart":"62400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184689,"records":[{"id":70030523,"text":"70030523 - 2006 - The Ryan/Harley site: Sedimentology of an inundated Paleoindian site in north Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030523","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1749,"text":"Geoarchaeology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Ryan/Harley site: Sedimentology of an inundated Paleoindian site in north Florida","docAbstract":"The Ryan/Harley site (Florida Master Site File Number: 8Je-1004) is a Middle Paleoindian habitation site containing Suwannee points. Based on stratigraphic correlation and diagnostic artifact seriation, Suwannee-age sites have been relatively dated from ??? 10,900 14C yr B.P to ??? 10,500 14C yr B.P. Clovis-like traits on the Suwannee points and other stone tools from the Ryan/Harley site suggest it dates to the earlier end of the Suwannee timeframe. The currently inundated site is partially buried beneath a sediment column located in a swamp forest and partially exposed in a side channel section of the Wacissa River, Jefferson County, Florida. Research done prior to this analysis determined that the artifact assemblage appeared to be unsorted and was contained in a midden-like unit. Our purpose here is to assess the issue of site integrity further. Unconsolidated sediment samples collected from the artifact-bearing horizon and from horizons immediately above and below the artifact horizon were analyzed using granulometric techniques. Arithmetic probability plots of the grain-size distributions show that the sediments were transported and deposited by fluvial processes. Thus, the Suwannee points and associated artifacts, and faunal remains appear to have accumulated during a time of subaerial exposure perhaps after a regional water-table decline, and have remained largely or essentially intact, with little or no postdepositional reworking. The artifacts and faunal remains recovered from the artifact-bearing horizon at Ryan/Harley are distributed randomly, showing no sign of sorting. In the fossil suite, two articulated white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) vertebra were recovered in situ. The unsorted nature of artifacts and articulated faunal remains that are contained within the fluvially deposited sediments suggests the Suwannee point level of the Ryan/Harley site has remained undisturbed since original deposition. ?? 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoarchaeology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/gea.20109","issn":"08836353","usgsCitation":"Balsillie, J.H., Means, G., and Dunbar, J., 2006, The Ryan/Harley site: Sedimentology of an inundated Paleoindian site in north Florida: Geoarchaeology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 363-391, https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.20109.","startPage":"363","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211870,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gea.20109"},{"id":239243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba8c5e4b08c986b321e35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balsillie, J. H.","contributorId":12226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balsillie","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Means, G.H.","contributorId":76348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Means","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunbar, J.S.","contributorId":31976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunbar","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030521,"text":"70030521 - 2006 - Sorption processes affecting arsenic solubility in oxidized surface sediments from Tulare Lake Bed, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T09:56:42","indexId":"70030521","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sorption processes affecting arsenic solubility in oxidized surface sediments from Tulare Lake Bed, California","docAbstract":"Elevated concentrations of arsenic (As) in shallow groundwater in Tulare Basin pose an environmental risk because of the carcinogenic properties of As and the potential for its migration to deep aquifers that could serve as a future drinking water source. Adsorption and desorption are hypothesized to be the major processes controlling As solubility in oxidized surface sediments where arsenate [As(V)] is dominant. This study examined the relationship between sorption processes and arsenic solubility in shallow sediments from the dry Tulare Lake bed by determining sorption isotherms, pH effect on solubility, and desorption-readsorption behavior (hysteresis), and by using a surface complexation model to describe sorption. The sediments showed a high capacity to adsorb As(V). Estimates of the maximum adsorption capacity were 92 mg As kg- 1 at pH 7.5 and 70 mg As kg- 1 at pH 8.5 obtained using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Soluble arsenic [> 97% As(V)] did not increase dramatically until above pH 10. In the native pH range (7.5-8.5), soluble As concentrations were close to the lowest, indicating that As was strongly retained on the sediment. A surface complexation model, the constant capacitance model, was able to provide a simultaneous fit to both adsorption isotherms (pH 7.5 and 8.5) and the adsorption envelope (pH effect on soluble As), although the data ranges are one order of magnitude different. A hysteresis phenomenon between As adsorbed on the sediment and As in solution phase was observed in the desorption-readsorption processes and differs from conventional hysteresis observed in adsorption-desorption processes. The cause is most likely due to modification of adsorbent surfaces in sediment samples upon extensive extractions (or desorption). The significance of the hysteresis phenomenon in affecting As solubility and mobility may be better understood by further microscopic studies of As interaction mechanisms with sediments subjected to extensive leaching in natural environments. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.11.017","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Gao, S., Goldberg, S., Herbel, M., Chalmers, A., Fujii, R., and Tanji, K., 2006, Sorption processes affecting arsenic solubility in oxidized surface sediments from Tulare Lake Bed, California: Chemical Geology, v. 228, no. 1-3 SPEC. ISS., p. 33-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.11.017.","startPage":"33","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211840,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.11.017"}],"volume":"228","issue":"1-3 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9311e4b08c986b31a289","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gao, S.","contributorId":48725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gao","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldberg, S.","contributorId":64888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herbel, M.J.","contributorId":57232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herbel","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chalmers, A.T. 0000-0002-5199-8080","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5199-8080","contributorId":63576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalmers","given":"A.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fujii, R.","contributorId":32278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujii","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tanji, K.K.","contributorId":31161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanji","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70030518,"text":"70030518 - 2006 - Seasonal effects of the zebra mussel (<i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>) on sediment denitrification rates in Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-29T01:01:57","indexId":"70030518","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal effects of the zebra mussel (<i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>) on sediment denitrification rates in Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Zebra mussels (<i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>) have altered the structure of invaded ecosystems and exhibit characteristics that suggest they may influence ecosystem processes such as nitrogen (N) cycling. We measured denitrification rates seasonally on sediments underlying zebra mussel beds collected from the impounded zone of Navigation Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River. Denitrification assays were amended with nutrients to characterize variation in nutrient limitation of denitrification in the presence or absence of zebra mussels. Denitrification rates at zebra mussel sites were high relative to sites without zebra mussels in February 2004 (repeated measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA), <i>p</i> = 0.005), potentially because of high NO<sub>3</sub>-N variability from nitrification of high NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> zebra mussel waste. Denitrification rates were highest in June 2003 (RM ANOVA, <i>p</i> < 0.001), corresponding with the highest NO<sub>3</sub>-N concentrations during the study (linear regression, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Denitrification was always N-limited, but sites without zebra mussels showed the strongest response to N amendments relative to sites with zebra mussels (two-way ANOVA, <i>p</i> &le; 0.01). Examining how zebra mussels influence denitrification rates will aid in developing a more complete understanding of the impact of zebra mussels and more effective management strategies of eutrophic waters.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, Ontario","doi":"10.1139/F06-002","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Bruesewitz, D.A., Tank, J., Bernot, M.J., Richardson, W.B., and Strauss, E.A., 2006, Seasonal effects of the zebra mussel (<i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>) on sediment denitrification rates in Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 63, no. 5, p. 957-969, https://doi.org/10.1139/F06-002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"957","endPage":"969","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211810,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F06-002"},{"id":239175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258066,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://yosemite.epa.gov/sab/sabhap.nsf/e1853c0b6014d36585256dbf005c5b71/347790e9183c442a85257205005f7f10/$FILE/Bruesewitz2006SedimentDenitrification.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","volume":"63","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b889ce4b08c986b316a72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruesewitz, Denise A.","contributorId":72590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruesewitz","given":"Denise","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tank, Jennifer L.","contributorId":103870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tank","given":"Jennifer L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bernot, Melody J.","contributorId":66482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernot","given":"Melody","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Strauss, Eric A.","contributorId":54395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strauss","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029159,"text":"70029159 - 2006 - Planning and implementation of a seismic monitoring system for the bill emerson memorial bridge in cape Girardeau, MO","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70029159","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Planning and implementation of a seismic monitoring system for the bill emerson memorial bridge in cape Girardeau, MO","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Structures Congress and Exposition","conferenceTitle":"Structures Congress 2006","conferenceDate":"18 May 2006 through 21 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"St. Louis, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40889(201)168","usgsCitation":"Hartnagel, B., O'Connor, J., Yen, W., Clogston, P., and Çelebi, M., 2006, Planning and implementation of a seismic monitoring system for the bill emerson memorial bridge in cape Girardeau, MO, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Structures Congress and Exposition, v. 2006, St. Louis, MO, 18 May 2006 through 21 May 2006, https://doi.org/10.1061/40889(201)168.","startPage":"168","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210579,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40889(201)168"},{"id":237547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2006","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7bd1e4b0c8380cd79642","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartnagel, B.A.","contributorId":17421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartnagel","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connor, J.","contributorId":49586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yen, W.-H.","contributorId":9845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yen","given":"W.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clogston, P.","contributorId":40409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clogston","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Çelebi, M.","contributorId":36946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030332,"text":"70030332 - 2006 - Spring census of mid-continent sandhill cranes using aerial infrared videography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70030332","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring census of mid-continent sandhill cranes using aerial infrared videography","docAbstract":"Aerial infrared videography was used to map spatial distributions of nocturnal sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) flocks and determine crane densities within roosts as an alternative to the currently used diurnal photo-corrected ocular transect method to estimate the size of the mid-continental population. The densities determined from samples taken over the course of a night show variability. Densities measured early in the night (2100 to 2300 hrs) were generally lower than those measured in the time period after midnight and up until cranes prepared to depart their roosts before sunrise. This suggests that cranes may be more active early in the night and possibly still settling into their roosts at this time. For this reason, densities and areas measured later at night and into the early morning were used to estimate population size. Our methods estimated that the annual crane populations along the central Platte River in Nebraska were higher than estimates from the ocular transect method; however both methods showed a similar trend with time. Our population size estimates likely were higher because our methodology provided synoptic imagery of crane roosts along the entire study reach when all cranes had returned to the river, and the nocturnal densities were higher than previous estimates using observations from late evening or early morning. In addition to providing a tool for estimating annual population size, infrared videography can be utilized over time to identify spatial changes in the roosting patterns that may occur as a result of riverine management activities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[70:SCOMSC]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Kinzel, P., Nelson, J.M., Parker, R.S., and Davis, L., 2006, Spring census of mid-continent sandhill cranes using aerial infrared videography: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 1, p. 70-77, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[70:SCOMSC]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"70","endPage":"77","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212119,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[70:SCOMSC]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":239545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9617e4b08c986b31b2b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinzel, P.J.","contributorId":27834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, J. M.","contributorId":68687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, R. S.","contributorId":104510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, L.R.","contributorId":12265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030331,"text":"70030331 - 2006 - Quantitative estimation of minimum offset for multichannel surface-wave survey with actively exciting source","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70030331","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2165,"text":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative estimation of minimum offset for multichannel surface-wave survey with actively exciting source","docAbstract":"Multichannel analysis of surface waves is a developing method widely used in shallow subsurface investigations. The field procedures and related parameters are very important for successful applications. Among these parameters, the source-receiver offset range is seldom discussed in theory and normally determined by empirical or semi-quantitative methods in current practice. This paper discusses the problem from a theoretical perspective. A formula for quantitatively evaluating a layered homogenous elastic model was developed. The analytical results based on simple models and experimental data demonstrate that the formula is correct for surface wave surveys for near-surface applications. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.08.002","issn":"09269851","usgsCitation":"Xu, Y., Xia, J., and Miller, R., 2006, Quantitative estimation of minimum offset for multichannel surface-wave survey with actively exciting source: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 59, no. 2, p. 117-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.08.002.","startPage":"117","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212092,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.08.002"}],"volume":"59","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9216e4b0c8380cd80649","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030330,"text":"70030330 - 2006 - Effects of abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas on migration, reproduction, and survival of Canada geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:54:23","indexId":"70030330","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas on migration, reproduction, and survival of Canada geese","docAbstract":"<p><span>Abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas are increasingly used to monitor movements, survival, and reproduction of waterbirds. However, there has been relatively little assessment of the effects of such radios on avian demographic parameters or migration. We implanted either a 26- or 35-g abdominal transmitter with percutaneous antenna in 198 adult female lesser Canada geese (</span><i>Branta canadensis parvipes</i><span>) in Anchorage, Alaska during 2000 and 2001. We compared migration chronology, reproductive effort, and survival of radiomarked females to 118 control females marked with leg bands. Arrival dates following spring migration were similar among females in different treatments in 2001. However, in 2002, wind direction during late migration was less favorable, and arrival of females with 35-g radiotransmitters lagged 1&ndash;2 days behind that of control females. Nest initiation dates, clutch size, and mean egg volume were similar for 152 nests of females that lacked radios and 62 nests of radiomarked females. Estimated nesting propensity for females with operable radiotransmitters was 61% and 72% in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Apparent annual survival (ϕ = 0.82, 95% confidence interval: 0.76 to 0.87) was similar among treatments in the first year after geese were marked. In the second and third years after marking, model-averaged estimates for survival of females with large radiotransmitters were 10% lower than estimates for control females. However, the effect of large radios on long-term survival was equivocal because of uncertainty surrounding treatment estimates. We conclude that abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas had small effects on migration chronology but no apparent effects on fecundity. Abdominal transmitters can provide unbiased estimates of anserine survival in the first year after deployment. Because of the potentially greater effects of larger transmitters on migration and long-term survival, we recommend that biologists minimize the size of implanted transmitters and deploy radios with caution if long-term survival of marked birds is a concern.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[812:EOAIRW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Hupp, J.W., Pearce, J.M., Mulcahy, D.M., and Miller, D.A., 2006, Effects of abdominally implanted radiotransmitters with percutaneous antennas on migration, reproduction, and survival of Canada geese: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 3, p. 812-822, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[812:EOAIRW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"812","endPage":"822","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"70","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0674e4b0c8380cd51259","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":426721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, David A.","contributorId":29193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":426720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028989,"text":"70028989 - 2006 - Seed dispersal in fens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028989","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Seed dispersal in fens","docAbstract":"Question: How does seed dispersal reduce fen isolation and contribute to biodiversity? Location: European and North American fens. Methods: This paper reviews the literature on seed dispersal to fens. Results: Landscape fragmentation may reduce dispersal opportunities thereby isolating fens and reducing genetic exchange. Species in fragmented wetlands may have lower reproductive success, which can lead to biodiversity loss. While fens may have always been relatively isolated from each other, they have become increasingly fragmented in modern times within agricultural and urban landscapes in both Europe and North America. Dispersal by water, animals and wind has been hampered by changes related to development in landscapes surrounding fens. Because the seeds of certain species are long-lived in the seed bank, frequent episodes of dispersal are not always necessary to maintain the biodiversity of fens. However, of particular concern to restoration is that some dominant species, such as the tussock sedge Carex stricta, may not disperse readily between fens. Conclusions: Knowledge of seed dispersal can be used to maintain and restore the biodiversity of fens in fragmented landscapes. Given that development has fragmented landscapes and that this situation is not likely to change, the dispersal of seeds might be enhanced by moving hay or cattle from fens to damaged sites, or by reestablishing lost hydrological connections. ?? IAVS; Opulus Press.","largerWorkTitle":"Applied Vegetation Science","language":"English","doi":"10.1658/1402-2001(2006)9[279:SDIF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"14022001","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B., Van Diggelen, R., and Jensen, K., 2006, Seed dispersal in fens, <i>in</i> Applied Vegetation Science, v. 9, no. 2, p. 279-284, https://doi.org/10.1658/1402-2001(2006)9[279:SDIF]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"279","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209910,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1658/1402-2001(2006)9[279:SDIF]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8abee4b08c986b317352","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, B. 0000-0002-1220-2326","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":29939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":420853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Diggelen, R.","contributorId":88935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Diggelen","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jensen, K.","contributorId":103459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028988,"text":"70028988 - 2006 - Tsunami-generated boulder ridges in Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028988","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tsunami-generated boulder ridges in Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada","docAbstract":"An array of east-trending ridges 1-2 m high and up to 2 km long occurs on the Tahoe City shelf, a submerged wave-cut bench <15 m deep in the northwest sector of the lake. The shelf is just north of the amphitheater of the giant subaqueous 10 km3 McKinney Bay landslide, which originated on the west wall of Lake Tahoe. Images from a submersible camera show that the ridges are composed of loose piles of boulders and cobbles that lie directly on poorly consolidated, fine-bedded lake beds deposited in an ancestral Lake Tahoe. Dredge hauls from landslide distal blocks, as well as from the walls of the re-entrant of the landslide, recovered similar lake sediments. The McKinney Bay landslide generated strong currents, which rearranged previous glacial-derived debris into giant ripples creating the boulder ridges. The uncollapsed part of the sediment bench, including the Tahoe City shelf, poses a hazard because it may fail again, producing a landslide and damaging waves. ?? 2006 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G22643A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Moore, J., Schweickert, R., Robinson, J., Lahren, M., and Kitts, C.A., 2006, Tsunami-generated boulder ridges in Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada: Geology, v. 34, no. 11, p. 965-968, https://doi.org/10.1130/G22643A.1.","startPage":"965","endPage":"968","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209888,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G22643A.1"},{"id":236631,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8afe4b08c986b3279f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J.G.","contributorId":67496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schweickert, R.A.","contributorId":69577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schweickert","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, J.E.","contributorId":53100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lahren, M.M.","contributorId":24154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahren","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kitts, Christopher A.","contributorId":77345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitts","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028987,"text":"70028987 - 2006 - Development of allometric relations for three mangrove species in South Florida for use in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028987","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of allometric relations for three mangrove species in South Florida for use in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem restoration","docAbstract":"Mathematical relations that use easily measured variables to predict difficult-to-measure variables are important to resource managers. In this paper we develop allometric relations to predict total aboveground biomass and individual components of biomass (e.g., leaves, stems, branches) for three species of mangroves for Everglades National Park, Florida, USA. The Greater Everglades Ecosystem is currently the subject of a 7.8-billion-dollar restoration program sponsored by federal, state, and local agencies. Biomass and production of mangroves are being used as a measure of restoration success. A technique for rapid determination of biomass over large areas is required. We felled 32 mangrove trees and separated each plant into leaves, stems, branches, and for Rhizophora mangle L., prop roots. Wet weights were measured in the field and subsamples returned to the laboratory for determination of wet-to-dry weight conversion factors. The diameter at breast height (DBH) and stem height were also measured. Allometric equations were developed for each species for total biomass and components of biomass. We compared our equations with those from the same, or similar, species from elsewhere in the world. Our equations explained ???93% of the variance in total dry weight using DBH. DBH is a better predictor of dry weight than is stem height and DBH is much easier to measure. Furthermore, our results indicate that there are biogeographic differences in allometric relations between regions. For a given DBH, stems of all three species have less mass in Florida than stems from elsewhere in the world. ?? Springer 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11273-005-6243-z","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"Smith, T.J., and Whelan, K., 2006, Development of allometric relations for three mangrove species in South Florida for use in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem restoration: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 14, no. 5, p. 409-419, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-005-6243-z.","startPage":"409","endPage":"419","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209887,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-005-6243-z"},{"id":236630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0047e4b0c8380cd4f6a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, T. J. III","contributorId":24303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"T.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whelan, K.R.T.","contributorId":11311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"K.R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030321,"text":"70030321 - 2006 - Parent birds assess nest predation risk and adjust their reproductive strategies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030321","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parent birds assess nest predation risk and adjust their reproductive strategies","docAbstract":"Avian life history theory has long assumed that nest predation plays a minor role in shaping reproductive strategies. Yet, this assumption remains conspicuously untested by broad experiments that alter environmental risk of nest predation, despite the fact that nest predation is a major source of reproductive failure. Here, we examined whether parents can assess experimentally reduced nest predation risk and alter their reproductive strategies. We experimentally reduced nest predation risk and show that in safer environments parents increased investment in young through increased egg size, clutch mass, and the rate they fed nestlings. Parents also increased investment in female condition by increasing the rates that males fed incubating females at the nest, and decreasing the time that females spent incubating. These results demonstrate that birds can assess nest predation risk at large and that nest predation plays a key role in the expression of avian reproductive strategies. ?? 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00892.x","issn":"1461023X","usgsCitation":"Fontaine, J., and Martin, T.E., 2006, Parent birds assess nest predation risk and adjust their reproductive strategies: Ecology Letters, v. 9, no. 4, p. 428-434, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00892.x.","startPage":"428","endPage":"434","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212003,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00892.x"},{"id":239402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7507e4b0c8380cd77955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fontaine, J.J.","contributorId":37940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030318,"text":"70030318 - 2006 - Morphometric discrimination of early life stage Lampetra tridentata and L richardsoni (Petromyzonidae) from the Columbia river basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T12:17:00","indexId":"70030318","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2394,"text":"Journal of Morphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphometric discrimination of early life stage Lampetra tridentata and L richardsoni (Petromyzonidae) from the Columbia river basin","docAbstract":"<p>The effectiveness of morphometric and meristic characteristics for taxonomic discrimination of Lampetra tridentata and L. richardsoni (Petromyzonidae) during embryological, prolarval, and early larval stages (i.e., age class 1) were examined. Mean chorion diameter increased with time from fertilization to hatch and was significantly greater for L. tridentata than for L. richardsoni at 1, 8, and 15 days postfertilization. Lampetra tridentata larvae had significantly more trunk myomeres than L. richardsoni; however, trunk myomere numbers were highly variable within species and deviated from previously published data. Multivariate examinations of prolarval and larval L. tridentata (7.2-11.0 mm; standard length) and L. richardsoni (6.6-10.8 mm) were conducted based on standard length and truss element lengths established from eight homologous landmarks. Principal components analysis indicated allometric relationships among the morphometric characteristics examined. Changes in body shape were indicated by groupings of morphometric characteristics associated with body regions (e.g., oral hood, branchial region, trunk region, and tail region). Discriminant function analysis using morphometric characteristics was successful in classifying a large proportion (&gt;94.7%) of the lampreys sampled.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jmor.10427","issn":"03622525","usgsCitation":"Meeuwig, M., Bayer, J., and Reiche, R., 2006, Morphometric discrimination of early life stage Lampetra tridentata and L richardsoni (Petromyzonidae) from the Columbia river basin: Journal of Morphology, v. 267, no. 5, p. 623-633, https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10427.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"623","endPage":"633","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211948,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10427"}],"volume":"267","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e62e4b0c8380cd709dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meeuwig, M.H.","contributorId":24741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeuwig","given":"M.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bayer, J.M.","contributorId":47945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayer","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reiche, R.A.","contributorId":68107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reiche","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030317,"text":"70030317 - 2006 - Expert forecasts and the emergence of water scarcity on public agendas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030317","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3405,"text":"Society and Natural Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expert forecasts and the emergence of water scarcity on public agendas","docAbstract":"Expert forecasts of worldwide water scarcity depict conditions that call for proactive, preventive, coordinated water governance, but they have not been matched by public agendas of commensurate scope and urgency in the United States. This disconnect can not be adequately explained without some attention to attributes of forecasts themselves. I propose that the institutional fragmentation of water expertise and prevailing patterns of communication about water scarcity militate against the formulation of a common public definition of the problem and encourage reliance on unambiguous crises to stimulate social and policy agenda setting. I do not argue that expert forecasts should drive public agendas deterministically, but if their purpose is to help prevent water crises (not just predict them), then a greater effort is needed to overcome the barriers to meaningful public scrutiny of expert claims and evaluation of water strategies presently in place. Copyright ?? 2006 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Society and Natural Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/08941920600561173","issn":"08941920","usgsCitation":"Graffy, E., 2006, Expert forecasts and the emergence of water scarcity on public agendas: Society and Natural Resources, v. 19, no. 5, p. 465-472, https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920600561173.","startPage":"465","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211947,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920600561173"},{"id":239335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e02e4b0c8380cd5327a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graffy, E.A.","contributorId":84984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graffy","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70030316,"text":"70030316 - 2006 - Gas slug ascent through changes in conduit diameter: Laboratory insights into a volcano-seismic source process in low-viscosity magmas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-08T10:38:35","indexId":"70030316","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas slug ascent through changes in conduit diameter: Laboratory insights into a volcano-seismic source process in low-viscosity magmas","docAbstract":"Seismic signals generated during the flow and degassing of low-viscosity magmas include long-period (LP) and very-long-period (VLP) events, whose sources are often attributed to dynamic fluid processes within the conduit. We present the results of laboratory experiments designed to investigate whether the passage of a gas slug through regions of changing conduit diameter could act as a suitable source mechanism. A vertical, liquid-filled glass tube featuring a concentric diameter change was used to provide canonical insights into potentially deep or shallow seismic sources. As gas slugs ascend the tube, we observe systematic pressure changes varying with slug size, liquid depth, tube diameter, and liquid viscosity. Gas slugs undergoing an abrupt flow pattern change upon entering a section of significantly increased tube diameter induce a transient pressure decrease in and above the flare and an associated pressure increase below it, which stimulates acoustic and inertial resonant oscillations. When the liquid flow is not dominantly controlled by viscosity, net vertical forces on the apparatus are also detected. The net force is a function of the magnitude of the pressure transients generated and the tube geometry, which dictates where, and hence when, the traveling pressure pulses can couple into the tube. In contrast to interpretations of related volcano-seismic data, where a single downward force is assumed to result from an upward acceleration of the center of mass in the conduit, our experiments suggest that significant downward forces can result from the rapid deceleration of relatively small volumes of downward-moving liquid. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JB003718","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"James, M., Lane, S., and Chouet, B., 2006, Gas slug ascent through changes in conduit diameter: Laboratory insights into a volcano-seismic source process in low-viscosity magmas: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 111, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003718.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477428,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jb003718","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211946,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003718"},{"id":239334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14d7e4b0c8380cd54bc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, M.R.","contributorId":18929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, S.J.","contributorId":28771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chouet, B. A.","contributorId":31813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"B. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030315,"text":"70030315 - 2006 - The sand seas of titan: Cassini RADAR observations of longitudinal dunes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-11T08:25:36","indexId":"70030315","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The sand seas of titan: Cassini RADAR observations of longitudinal dunes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The most recent Cassini RADAR images of Titan show widespread regions (up to 1500 kilometers by 200 kilometers) of near-parallel radar-dark linear features that appear to be seas of longitudinal dunes similar to those seen in the Namib desert on Earth. The Ku-band (2.17-centimeter wavelength) images show ∼100-meter ridges consistent with duneforms and reveal flow interactions with underlying hills. The distribution and orientation of the dunes support a model of fluctuating surface winds of ∼0.5 meter per second resulting from the combination of an eastward flow with a variable tidal wind. The existence of dunes also requires geological processes that create sand-sized (100- to 300-micrometer) particulates and a lack of persistent equatorial surface liquids to act as sand traps.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Research","doi":"10.1126/science.1123257","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Lorenz, R.D., Wall, S., Radebaugh, J., Boubin, G., Reffet, E., Janssen, M., Stofan, E., Lopes, R., Kirk, R.L., Elachi, C., Lunine, J., Mitchell, K., Paganelli, F., Soderblom, L.A., Wood, C., Wye, L., Zebker, H., Anderson, Y., Ostro, S., Allison, M., Boehmer, R., Callahan, P., Encrenaz, P., Ori, G., Francescetti, G., Gim, Y., Hamilton, G., Hensley, S., Johnson, W., Kelleher, K., Muhleman, D., Picardi, G., Posa, F., Roth, L., Seu, R., Shaffer, S., Stiles, B., Vetrella, S., Flamini, E., and West, R., 2006, The sand seas of titan: Cassini RADAR observations of longitudinal dunes: Science, v. 312, no. 5774, p. 724-727, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1123257.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"724","endPage":"727","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477423,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141117-150528360","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"312","issue":"5774","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bafb1e4b08c986b32499e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenz, R. 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R.","contributorId":53509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seu","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":35},{"text":"Shaffer, S.","contributorId":89709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":36},{"text":"Stiles, B.","contributorId":59547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":37},{"text":"Vetrella, S.","contributorId":48374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vetrella","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":38},{"text":"Flamini, E.","contributorId":68087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flamini","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":39},{"text":"West, R.","contributorId":26996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":40}]}}
,{"id":70030314,"text":"70030314 - 2006 - Distribution and abundance of forest birds in low-altitude habitat on Hawai'i Island: Evidence for range expansion of native species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030314","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1048,"text":"Bird Conservation International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of forest birds in low-altitude habitat on Hawai'i Island: Evidence for range expansion of native species","docAbstract":"The Hawaiian honeycreepers are thought to be limited primarily to middle- and high-altitude wet forests due to anthropogenic factors at lower altitudes, especially introduced mosquitotransmitted avian malaria. However, recent research has demonstrated that at least one native species, the Hawai'i 'Amakihi (Hemignathus virens virens), is common in areas of active malaria transmission. We examined the current distribution and abundance of native and exotic forest birds within approximately 640 km2 of low-altitude (0-326 m) habitat on south-eastern Hawai'i Island, using roadside variable circular plot (VCP) at 174 stations along eight survey transects. We also re-surveyed 90 stations near sea level that were last surveyed in 1994-1995. Overall, introduced species were more abundant than natives; 11 exotic species made up 87% of the total individuals detected. The most common exotic passerines were Japanese White-eye (Zosterops japonicus), House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) and Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis). Two native species, Hawai'i 'Amakihi and 'Apapane (Himatione sanguina), comprised 13% of the bird community at low altitudes. Hawai'i 'Amakihi were the most common and widespread native species, being found at 47% of stations at a density of 4.98 birds/ha (95% CI 3.52-7.03). Amakihi were significantly associated with 'ohi'a (Metrosideros polymorpha)-dominated forest. 'Apapane were more locally distributed, being found at only 10% of stations. Re-surveys of 1994-1995 transects demonstrated a significant increase in 'Amakihi abundance over the past decade. This work demonstrates a widespread recovery of Hawai'i 'Amakihi at low altitude in southeastern Hawai'i. The changing composition of the forest bird community at low-altitudes in Hawai'i has important implications for the dynamics of avian malaria in low-altitude Hawai'i, and for conservation of Hawai'i's lowland forests. ?? 2006 BirdLife International.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bird Conservation International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1017/S0959270906000244","issn":"09592709","usgsCitation":"Spiegel, C., Hart, P., Woodwort, B., Tweed, E., and Leburn, J., 2006, Distribution and abundance of forest birds in low-altitude habitat on Hawai'i Island: Evidence for range expansion of native species: Bird Conservation International, v. 16, no. 2, p. 175-185, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959270906000244.","startPage":"175","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477425,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270906000244","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211917,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0959270906000244"},{"id":239298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0265e4b0c8380cd50026","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spiegel, C.S.","contributorId":29198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spiegel","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, P.J.","contributorId":104260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodwort, B.L.","contributorId":87751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodwort","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tweed, E.J.","contributorId":35518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tweed","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leburn, J.J.","contributorId":88557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leburn","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030313,"text":"70030313 - 2006 - A molecular dawn for biogeochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030313","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A molecular dawn for biogeochemistry","docAbstract":"Biogeochemistry is at the dawn of an era in which molecular advances enable the discovery of novel microorganisms having unforeseen metabolic capabilities, revealing new insight into the underlying processes regulating elemental cycles at local to global scales. Traditionally, biogeochemical inquiry began by studying a process of interest, and then focusing downward to uncover the microorganisms and metabolic pathways mediating that process. With the ability to sequence functional genes from the environment, molecular approaches now enable the flow of inquiry in the opposite direction. Here, we argue that a focus on functional genes, the microorganisms in which they reside, and the interaction of those organisms with the broader microbial community could transform our understanding of many globally important biogeochemical processes. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2006.04.003","issn":"01695347","usgsCitation":"Zak, D., Blackwood, C., and Waldrop, M., 2006, A molecular dawn for biogeochemistry: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 21, no. 6, p. 288-295, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2006.04.003.","startPage":"288","endPage":"295","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211891,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2006.04.003"},{"id":239265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e487e4b0c8380cd466c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zak, D.R.","contributorId":55625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zak","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blackwood, C.B.","contributorId":12256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030312,"text":"70030312 - 2006 - KGS-HighK: A Fortran 90 program for simulation of hydraulic tests in highly permeable aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030312","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"KGS-HighK: A Fortran 90 program for simulation of hydraulic tests in highly permeable aquifers","docAbstract":"Slug and pumping tests (hydraulic tests) are frequently used by hydrogeologists to obtain in-situ estimates of the transmissive and storage properties of a formation (Streltsova, 1988; Kruseman and de Ridder, 1990; Butler, 1998). In aquifers of high hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic tests are affected by mechanisms that are not considered in the analysis of tests in less permeable media (Bredehoeft et al., 1966). Inertia-induced oscillations in hydraulic head are the most common manifestation of such mechanisms. Over the last three decades, a number of analytical solutions that incorporate these mechanisms have been developed for the analysis of hydraulic tests in highly permeable aquifers (see Butler and Zhan (2004) for a review of this previous work). These solutions, however, are restricted to a subset of the conditions commonly encountered in the field. Recently, a more general solution has been developed that builds on this previous work to remove many of the limitations imposed by these earlier approaches (Butler and Zhan, 2004). The purpose of this note is to present a Fortran 90 program, KGS-HighK, for the evaluation of this new solution. This note begins with a brief overview of the conceptual model that motivated the development of the solution of Butler and Zhan (2004) for pumping- and slug-induced flow to/from a central well. The major steps in the derivation of that solution are described, but no details are given. Instead, a Mathematica notebook is provided for those interested in the derivation details. The key algorithms used in KGS-HighK are then described and the program structure is briefly outlined. A field example is provided to demonstrate program performance. The note concludes with a short summary section. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2005.10.003","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Zhan, X., and Butler, J., 2006, KGS-HighK: A Fortran 90 program for simulation of hydraulic tests in highly permeable aquifers: Computers & Geosciences, v. 32, no. 5, p. 704-707, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2005.10.003.","startPage":"704","endPage":"707","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211890,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2005.10.003"},{"id":239264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a404de4b0c8380cd64c52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhan, X.","contributorId":26477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhan","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, J.J. Jr.","contributorId":12194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030310,"text":"70030310 - 2006 - Unusual Holocene and late Pleistocene carbonate sedimentation in Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030310","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unusual Holocene and late Pleistocene carbonate sedimentation in Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, USA","docAbstract":"Bear Lake (Utah-Idaho, USA) has been producing large quantities of carbonate minerals of varying mineralogy for the past 17,000 years. The history of sedimentation in Bear Lake is documented through the study of isotopic ratios of oxygen, carbon, and strontium, percent organic carbon, percent CaCO3, X-ray diffraction mineralogy, HCl-leach inorganic geochemistry, and magnetic properties on samples from three piston cores. Historically, the Bear River, the main source of water for Great Salt Lake, did not enter Bear Lake until it was artificially diverted into the lake at the beginning of the 20th century. However, during the last glacial interval, the Bear River did enter Bear Lake depositing red, calcareous, silty clay. About 18,000 years ago, the Bear River became disconnected from Bear Lake. A combination of warmer water, increased evaporation, and increased organic productivity triggered the precipitation of calcium carbonate, first as calcite. As the salinity of the lake increased due to evaporation, aragonite began to precipitate about 11,000 years ago. Aragonite is the dominant mineral that accumulated in bottom sediments of the lake during the Holocene, comprising an average of about 70 wt.% of the sediments. Aragonite formation in a large, cold, oligotrophic, high latitude lake is highly unusual. Lacustrine aragonite usually is found in small, saline lakes in which the salinity varies considerably over time. However, Bear Lake contains endemic ostracodes and fish, which indicate that the chemistry of the lake has remained fairly constant for a long time. Stable isotope data from Holocene aragonite show that the salinity of Bear Lake increased throughout the Holocene, but never reached highly evolved values of ??18O in spite of an evaporation-dominated water balance. Bear Lake hydrology combined with evaporation created an unusual situation that produced large amounts of aragonite, but no evaporite minerals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.016","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Dean, W., Rosenbaum, J., Skipp, G., Colman, S., Forester, R., Liu, A., Simmons, K., and Bischoff, J., 2006, Unusual Holocene and late Pleistocene carbonate sedimentation in Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, USA: Sedimentary Geology, v. 185, no. 1-2, p. 93-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.016.","startPage":"93","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211857,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.016"},{"id":239228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"185","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbcf7e4b08c986b328e76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, W.","contributorId":24076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenbaum, J.","contributorId":102989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skipp, G.","contributorId":49899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skipp","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Colman, S.","contributorId":63553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Forester, R.","contributorId":91301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forester","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, A.","contributorId":90110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Simmons, K.","contributorId":75333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bischoff, J.","contributorId":32730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70030309,"text":"70030309 - 2006 - Character and distribution of exposed glaciodeltaic deposits off outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and their effects on hydrogeology and benthic habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T11:11:06","indexId":"70030309","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Character and distribution of exposed glaciodeltaic deposits off outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and their effects on hydrogeology and benthic habitats","docAbstract":"Seabed outcrops of glaciodeltaic sediments were identified in four places east of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, during seismic-reflection, multibeam bathymetric and backscatter, bottom photographic, and sediment sampling surveys. These strata record coarser-grained ice-proximal glaciofluvial topset to finer-grained distal glaciolacustrine bottomset deposition within deltaic systems that prograded southwestward into glacial lakes from the South Channel lobe about 18 ka B.P. These beds are important because they (1) influence the outer Cape's hydrogeologic framework, and (2) constitute relatively stable, locally rough habitats within an area of seafloor dominated by mobile sand and gravelly sediment, and benefit the benthic fauna by providing shelter and a substrate amenable to burrow construction. ?? Springer-Verlag 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geo-Marine Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00367-005-0015-x","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Foster, D., and Danforth, W.W., 2006, Character and distribution of exposed glaciodeltaic deposits off outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and their effects on hydrogeology and benthic habitats: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 26, no. 1, p. 51-57, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-005-0015-x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"57","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477520,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/1707","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.3067626953125,\n              41.126952506008436\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.71099853515624,\n              41.126952506008436\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.71099853515624,\n              42.332153998913704\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.3067626953125,\n              42.332153998913704\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.3067626953125,\n              41.126952506008436\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f484e4b0c8380cd4bd7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, D.S.","contributorId":30641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Danforth, W. W.","contributorId":16386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030308,"text":"70030308 - 2006 - Temporal and spatial variability in the flow and dispersal of suspended-sediment on a fringing reef flat, Molokai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030308","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial variability in the flow and dispersal of suspended-sediment on a fringing reef flat, Molokai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"A multi-year study was conducted on a shallow fringing reef flat on Molokai, Hawaii to determine the temporal and spatial dispersal patterns of terrigenous suspended sediment. During this study, trade-wind conditions existed for the majority of the year on the reef flat. The trade-wind conditions produced strong currents and resuspended moderate amounts of sediment on the reef flat on a daily basis during the year of study, resulting in an overwhelming contribution to the total sediment flux. The magnitude and direction of the trade winds relative to the orientation of the coastline, the shallow-relief and broad morphology, and tidal elevation, provided the primary control of the physical processes that resuspended and transported sediment on the reef flat over the period of record. Spatial data indicate that much of the terrigenous sediment resuspended on the reef flat is transported predominantly alongshore and is confined to the inner- to mid-reef flat. Evidence for the limited across-shore mixing and transport is provided by the dominantly alongshore wind-driven currents during trade-wind conditions and the well-defined across-shore gradient in percentage calcium carbonate of the suspended sediment. Regions of slightly offshore suspended-sediment transport along the reef flat can be attributed to the circulation pattern set up by the interaction between the trade winds, coastal morphology, and anthropogenic coastal structures (i.e., fish ponds and wharf). The regions in which sediment were seen to move offshore provide the strongest link between the sediment dynamics on reef flat and fore reef, and qualitatively appears to be correlated with low coral coverage on the fore reef. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2005.10.015","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Presto, M., Ogston, A., Storlazzi, C., and Field, M., 2006, Temporal and spatial variability in the flow and dispersal of suspended-sediment on a fringing reef flat, Molokai, Hawaii: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 67, no. 1-2, p. 67-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.10.015.","startPage":"67","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211827,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.10.015"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4f5e4b08c986b3206d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Presto, M.K.","contributorId":77333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presto","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ogston, A.S.","contributorId":86920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogston","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, C. D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":98905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030306,"text":"70030306 - 2006 - Status of soil acidification in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-27T10:05:37","indexId":"70030306","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2296,"text":"Journal of Forest Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of soil acidification in North America","docAbstract":"<p>Forest soil acidification and depletion of nutrient cations have been reported for several forested regions in North America, predominantly in the eastern United States, including the northeast and in the central Appalachians, but also in parts of southeastern Canada and the southern U.S. Continuing regional inputs of nitrogen and sulfur are of concern because of leaching of base cations, increased availability of soil Al, and the accumulation and ultimate transmission of acidity from forest soils to streams. Losses of calcium from forest soils and forested watersheds have now been documented as a sensitive early indicator and a functionally significant response to acid deposition for a wide range of forest soils in North America. For red spruce, a clear link has been established between acidic deposition, alterations in calcium and aluminum supplies and increased sensitivity to winter injury. Cation depletion appears to contribute to sugar maple decline on some soils, specifically the high mortality rates observed in northern Pennsylvania over the last decade. While responses to liming have not been systematically examined in North America, in a study in Pennsylvania, restoring basic cations through liming increased basal area growth of sugar maple and levels of calcium and magnesium in soil and foliage. In the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California near the west coast, the pH of the A horizon has declined by at least 2 pH units (to pH 4.0-4.3) over the past 30 years, with no detrimental effects on bole growth; presumably, because of the Mediterranean climate, base cation pools are still high and not limiting for plant growth.</p>","language":"English, Slovak","issn":"12124834","usgsCitation":"Fenn, M., Huntington, T., Mclaughlin, S., Eagar, C., Gomez, A., and Cook, R., 2006, Status of soil acidification in North America: Journal of Forest Science, v. 52, no. 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,{"id":70030303,"text":"70030303 - 2006 - Genetic and demographic criteria for defining population units for conservation: The value of clear messages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:00:21","indexId":"70030303","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic and demographic criteria for defining population units for conservation: The value of clear messages","docAbstract":"<p>In a recent paper on Harlequin Duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) interannual site fidelity (Iverson et al. 2004), we concluded that wintering populations were demographically structured at a finer geographic scale than that at which genetic differentiation was observed and that conservation efforts should recognize this degree of demographic independence. In a critique of our study, Pearce and Talbot (2006) contend that our measures of fidelity were not robust and imply that in the face of \"mixed messages\" we failed to appreciate the role of genetic data in defining population units. We recognize, as we did in our original paper, that our methods for quantifying site fidelity have some limitations; however, the patterns in our data are consistent with a considerable body of literature indicating high winter site fidelity in Harlequin Ducks. Moreover, we do not consider differences in the scales at which genetic and demographic structure are expressed to be \"mixed messages,\" given the different spatial and temporal scales at which genetic and contemporary demographic processes operate. We emphasize that a lack of genetic differentiation does not necessarily preclude the existence of contemporary demographic structure with relevance for conservation. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2006.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[480:GADCFD]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Esler, D., Iverson, S.A., and Rizzolo, D., 2006, Genetic and demographic criteria for defining population units for conservation: The value of clear messages: Condor, v. 108, no. 2, p. 480-483, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[480:GADCFD]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"480","endPage":"483","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477432,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[480:gadcfd]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211774,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[480:GADCFD]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"108","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1563e4b0c8380cd54dbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":426586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, S. A.","contributorId":22556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rizzolo, D.J.","contributorId":12681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rizzolo","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030302,"text":"70030302 - 2006 - Widespread presence of naturally occurring perchlorate in high plains of Texas and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030302","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread presence of naturally occurring perchlorate in high plains of Texas and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Perchlorate (ClO4-) occurrence in groundwater has previously been linked to industrial releases and the historic use of Chilean nitrate fertilizers. However, recently a number of occurrences have been identified for which there is no obvious anthropogenic source. Groundwater from an area of 155 000 km2 in 56 counties in northwest Texas and eastern New Mexico is impacted by the presence of ClO4-. Concentrations were generally low (<4 ppb), although some areas are impacted by concentrations up to 200 ppb. ClO4- distribution is not related to well type (public water system, domestic, agricultural, or water-table monitoring) or aquifer (Ogallala, Edward Trinity High Plains, Edwards Trinity Plateau, Seymour, or Cenozoic). Results from vertically nested wells strongly indicate a surface source. The source of ClO4- appears to most likely be atmospheric deposition. Evidence supporting this hypothesis primarily relates to the presence of ClO 4- in tritium-free older water, the lack of relation between land use and concentration distribution, the inability of potential anthropogenic sources to account for the estimated mass of ClO4-, and the positive relationship between conserved anions (e.g., IO3-, Cl-, SO4-2) and ClO4-. The ClO4- distribution appears to be mainly related to evaporative concentration and unsaturated transport. This process has led to higher ClO4- and other ion concentrations in groundwater where the water table is relatively shallow, and in areas with lower saturated thickness. Irrigation may have accelerated this process in some areas by increasing the transport of accumulated salts and by increasing the number of evaporative cycles. Results from this study highlight the potential for ClO4- to impact groundwater in arid and semiarid areas through long-term atmospheric deposition. ?? 2006 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es052155i","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Rajagopalan, S., Anderson, T., Fahlquist, L., Rainwater, K.A., Ridley, M., and Jackson, W., 2006, Widespread presence of naturally occurring perchlorate in high plains of Texas and New Mexico: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 10, p. 3156-3162, https://doi.org/10.1021/es052155i.","startPage":"3156","endPage":"3162","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211743,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es052155i"},{"id":239092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0b8e4b08c986b32f00f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rajagopalan, S.","contributorId":80077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rajagopalan","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, T.A.","contributorId":77344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fahlquist, L.","contributorId":68889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahlquist","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rainwater, Ken A.","contributorId":61188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rainwater","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ridley, M.","contributorId":81694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jackson, W.A.","contributorId":15549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70030301,"text":"70030301 - 2006 - An assessment of the impact of the 2003 EPRI ground-motion prediction models on the USGS national seismic-hazard maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030301","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of the impact of the 2003 EPRI ground-motion prediction models on the USGS national seismic-hazard maps","docAbstract":"Ground-motion attenuation relations have an important impact on seismic hazard analyses. Ground-motion modeling is particularly sensitive to assumptions about wave-propagation attenuation (crustal Q and geometrical spreading), as well as source and site conditions. Studies of path attenuation from earthquakes in eastern North America (ENA) provide insights into the appropriateness of specific attenuation relations. An Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) (2003, 2004) study combines published ENA ground-motion attenuation relations into four model forms: single-corner, double-corner, hybrid-empirical, and finite-fault. When substituted in the U.S. Geological Survey 2002 national seismic hazard maps for the five ENA relations originally used in those hazard calculations, the EPRI (2003) relations predict similar ground motions and hazard at short periods (<0.5 sec) and significantly lower ground motions (20%-50%) at longer periods (>0.5 sec), relative to the 2002 national maps. A major reason for this difference is due to the crustal seismic-wave attenuation model assumed in a few of the ENA relations combined into the EPRI (2003, 2004) models. Although appropriate differences in geometrical spreading models among ENA relations can also be significant, a few ENA relations have 1-Hz Q-values (Q0) that are below the EPRI (1993) consensus range for Q0 when coupled with a geometrical spreading of R-0.5. The EPRI (2003, 2004) single-corner relation is strongly influenced by the inclusion of ENA relations with assumed Q0 below the EPRI (1993) range, which explains much of the discrepancy in predictions at longer periods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050079","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Cramer, C., 2006, An assessment of the impact of the 2003 EPRI ground-motion prediction models on the USGS national seismic-hazard maps: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 3, p. 1159-1169, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050079.","startPage":"1159","endPage":"1169","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211742,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050079"},{"id":239091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea19e4b0c8380cd48627","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cramer, C.","contributorId":102254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cramer","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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