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,{"id":70030792,"text":"70030792 - 2006 - Evidence for hydraulic heterogeneity and anisotropy in the mostly carbonate Prairie du Chien Group, southeastern Minnesota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70030792","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for hydraulic heterogeneity and anisotropy in the mostly carbonate Prairie du Chien Group, southeastern Minnesota, USA","docAbstract":"In southeastern Minnesota, Paleozoic bedrock aquifers have typically been represented in groundwater flow simulations as isotropic, porous media. To obtain a more accurate hydrogeologic characterization of the Ordovician Prairie du Chien Group, a new approach was tested, combining detailed geologic observations, particularly of secondary porosity, with hydraulic data. Lithologic observations of the depositional and erosional history of the carbonate-dominated bedrock unit constrained characterization of both primary (matrix) and secondary porosity from outcrops and core. Hydrostratigraphic data include outcrop and core observations along with core plug permeability tests. Hydrogeologic data include discrete interval aquifer tests, borehole geophysics, water chemistry and isotope data, and dye trace studies. Results indicate that the Prairie du Chien Group can be subdivided into the Shakopee aquifer at the top, consisting of interbedded dolostone, sandstone and shale, and the underlying Oneota confining unit consisting of thickly bedded dolostone. The boundary between these two hydrogeologic units does not correspond to lithostratigraphic boundaries, as commonly presumed. Groundwater flow in the Shakopee aquifer is primarily through secondary porosity features, most commonly solution-enlarged bedding planes and sub-horizontal and vertical fractures. Regional scale preferential development of cavernous porosity and permeability along specific stratigraphic intervals that correspond to paleokarst were also identified, along with a general depiction of the distribution of vertical and horizontal fractures. The combination of outcrop and core investigations, along with borehole geophysics, discrete interval aquifer tests, water chemistry and isotope data and dye trace studies show that the Prairie du Chien Group is best represented hydrogeologically as heterogeneous and anisotropic. Furthermore, heterogeneity and anisotropy within the Prairie du Chien Group is mappable at a regional scale (>15,000 km2). ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.007","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Tipping, R., Runkel, A.C., Alexander, E., Alexander, S., and Green, J., 2006, Evidence for hydraulic heterogeneity and anisotropy in the mostly carbonate Prairie du Chien Group, southeastern Minnesota, USA: Sedimentary Geology, v. 184, no. 3-4, p. 305-330, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.007.","startPage":"305","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211353,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.007"},{"id":238629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"184","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d43e4b0c8380cd52ee9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tipping, R.G.","contributorId":67272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tipping","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Anthony C.","contributorId":63186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, E.C. Jr.","contributorId":94062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"E.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alexander, S.C.","contributorId":9853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Green, J.A.","contributorId":75753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030394,"text":"70030394 - 2006 - Bacterial biomarkers thermally released from dissolved organic matter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030394","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacterial biomarkers thermally released from dissolved organic matter","docAbstract":"Hopane biomarker products were detected using microscale sealed vessel (MSSV) pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of dissolved organic matter from natural aquatic systems colonised by bacterial populations. MSSV pyrolysis can reduce the polyhydroxylated alkyl side chain of bacteriohopanepolyols, yielding saturated hopane products which are more amenable to GC-MS detection than their functionalised precursors. This example demonstrates how the thermal conditions of MSSV pyrolysis can reduce the biologically-inherited structural functionality of naturally occurring organic matter such that additional structural fragments can be detected using GC methods. This approach complements traditional analytical pyrolysis methods by providing additional speciation information useful for establishing the structures and source inputs of recent or extant organic material. ?? 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.12.009","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Greenwood, P., Leenheer, J., McIntyre, C., Berwick, L., and Franzmann, P., 2006, Bacterial biomarkers thermally released from dissolved organic matter: Organic Geochemistry, v. 37, no. 5, p. 597-609, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.12.009.","startPage":"597","endPage":"609","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212038,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.12.009"},{"id":239445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ef9be4b0c8380cd4a350","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenwood, P.F.","contributorId":106710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIntyre, C.","contributorId":66896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berwick, L.","contributorId":98112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berwick","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Franzmann, P.D.","contributorId":18175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franzmann","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030345,"text":"70030345 - 2006 - A Bayesian random effects discrete-choice model for resource selection: Population-level selection inference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030345","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Bayesian random effects discrete-choice model for resource selection: Population-level selection inference","docAbstract":"Modeling the probability of use of land units characterized by discrete and continuous measures, we present a Bayesian random-effects model to assess resource selection. This model provides simultaneous estimation of both individual- and population-level selection. Deviance information criterion (DIC), a Bayesian alternative to AIC that is sample-size specific, is used for model selection. Aerial radiolocation data from 76 adult female caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and calf pairs during 1 year on an Arctic coastal plain calving ground were used to illustrate models and assess population-level selection of landscape attributes, as well as individual heterogeneity of selection. Landscape attributes included elevation, NDVI (a measure of forage greenness), and land cover-type classification. Results from the first of a 2-stage model-selection procedure indicated that there is substantial heterogeneity among cow-calf pairs with respect to selection of the landscape attributes. In the second stage, selection of models with heterogeneity included indicated that at the population-level, NDVI and land cover class were significant attributes for selection of different landscapes by pairs on the calving ground. Population-level selection coefficients indicate that the pairs generally select landscapes with higher levels of NDVI, but the relationship is quadratic. The highest rate of selection occurs at values of NDVI less than the maximum observed. Results for land cover-class selections coefficients indicate that wet sedge, moist sedge, herbaceous tussock tundra, and shrub tussock tundra are selected at approximately the same rate, while alpine and sparsely vegetated landscapes are selected at a lower rate. Furthermore, the variability in selection by individual caribou for moist sedge and sparsely vegetated landscapes is large relative to the variability in selection of other land cover types. The example analysis illustrates that, while sometimes computationally intense, a Bayesian hierarchical discrete-choice model for resource selection can provide managers with 2 components of population-level inference: average population selection and variability of selection. Both components are necessary to make sound management decisions based on animal selection.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[404:ABREDM]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Thomas, D., Johnson, D., and Griffith, B., 2006, A Bayesian random effects discrete-choice model for resource selection: Population-level selection inference: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 2, p. 404-412, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[404:ABREDM]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"404","endPage":"412","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211829,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[404:ABREDM]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"70","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2c9e4b0c8380cd45c51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, D.L.","contributorId":51481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, D.","contributorId":85955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffith, B.","contributorId":25905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030290,"text":"70030290 - 2006 - Sedimentary deposits of the 26 December 2004 tsunami on the northwest coast of Aceh, Indonesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-17T22:05:58","indexId":"70030290","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1430,"text":"Earth, Planets and Space","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary deposits of the 26 December 2004 tsunami on the northwest coast of Aceh, Indonesia","docAbstract":"The 2004 Sumatra-Andaman tsunami flooded coastal northern Sumatra to a depth of over 20 m, deposited a discontinuous sheet of sand up to 80 cm thick, and left mud up to 5 km inland. In most places the sand sheet is normally graded, and in some it contains complex internal stratigraphy. Structures within the sand sheet may record the passage of up to 3 individual waves. We studied the 2004 tsunami deposits in detail along a flow-parallel transect about 400 m long, 16 km southwest of Banda Aceh. Near the shore along this transect, the deposit is thin or absent. Between 50 and 400 m inland it ranges in thickness from 5 to 20 cm. The main trend in thickness is a tendency to thicken by filling low spots, most dramatically at pre-existing stream channels. Deposition generally attended inundation - along the transect, the tsunami deposited sand to within about 40 m of the inundation limit. Although the tsunami deposit contains primarily material indistinguishable from material found on the beach one month after the event, it also contains grain sizes and compositions unavailable on the current beach. Along the transect we studied, these grains become increasingly dominant both landward and upward in the deposit; possibly some landward source of sediment was exposed and exploited by the passage of the waves. The deposit also contains the unabraded shells of subtidal marine organisms, suggesting that at least part of the deposit came from offshore. Grain sizes within the deposit tend to fine upward and landward, although individual units within the deposit appear massive, or show reverse grading. Sorting becomes better landward, although the most landward sites generally become poorly sorted from the inclusion of soil clasts. These sites commonly show interlayering of sandy units and soil clast units. Deposits from the 2004 tsunami in Sumatra demonstrate the complex nature of the deposits of large tsunamis. Unlike the deposits of smaller tsunamis, internal stratigraphy is complex, and will require some effort to understand. The Sumatra deposits also show the contribution of multiple sediment sources, each of which has its own composition and grain size. Such complexity may allow more accurate modeling of flow depth and flow velocity for paleotsunamis, if an understanding of how tsunami hydraulics affect sedimentation can be established. Copyright ?? The Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences (SGEPSS); The Seismological Society of Japan; The Volcanological Society of Japan; The Geodetic Society of Japan; The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences; TERRAPUB.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth, Planets and Space","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"13438832","usgsCitation":"Moore, A., Nishimura, Y., Gelfenbaum, G., Kamataki, T., and Triyono, R., 2006, Sedimentary deposits of the 26 December 2004 tsunami on the northwest coast of Aceh, Indonesia: Earth, Planets and Space, v. 58, no. 2, p. 253-258.","startPage":"253","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265850,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.terrapub.co.jp/journals/EPS/pdf/2006/5802/58020253.pdf"}],"volume":"58","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8a18e4b08c986b317027","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, A.","contributorId":29351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nishimura, Y.","contributorId":58442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishimura","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.","contributorId":72429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kamataki, T.","contributorId":32341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamataki","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Triyono, R.","contributorId":13435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triyono","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030883,"text":"70030883 - 2006 - Estimation of pseudo-2D shear-velocity section by inversion of high frequency surface waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030883","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3317,"text":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of pseudo-2D shear-velocity section by inversion of high frequency surface waves","docAbstract":"A scheme to generate pseudo-2D shear-velocity sections with high horizontal resolution and low field cost by inversion of high frequency surface waves is presented. It contains six steps. The key step is the joint method of crossed correlation and phase shift scanning. This joint method chooses only two traces to generate image of dispersion curve. For Rayleigh-wave dispersion is most important for estimation of near-surface shear-wave velocity, it can effectively obtain reliable images of dispersion curves with a couple of traces. The result of a synthetic example shows the feasibility of this scheme. ?? 2005 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.2369807","issn":"10523812","usgsCitation":"Luo, Y., Liu, J., Xia, J., Xu, Y., and Liu, Q., 2006, Estimation of pseudo-2D shear-velocity section by inversion of high frequency surface waves: SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 25, no. 1, p. 1510-1514, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2369807.","startPage":"1510","endPage":"1514","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211636,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2369807"},{"id":238963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ba2e4b0c8380cd527ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luo, Y.","contributorId":28417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, Q.","contributorId":17827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031082,"text":"70031082 - 2006 - State summaries: West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70031082","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"State summaries: West Virginia","docAbstract":"West Virginia mines coal, limestone, sandstone, gravel, clay and other nonfuel materials. Limestone production figures for 2005 are not yet available but in 2004, limestone production accounted for 85.7% of noncoal production on a tonnage basis. In 2005, 327 coal mines reported production during the year. Underground mining accounted for more than 60% overall production whereas surface mining accounted for 38%.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00265187","usgsCitation":"Blake, B., Fedorko, N., and McColloch, G., 2006, State summaries: West Virginia: Mining Engineering, v. 58, no. 5, p. 122-125.","startPage":"122","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b96dae4b08c986b31b755","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blake, B.M.","contributorId":76481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blake","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fedorko, N.","contributorId":72200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fedorko","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McColloch, G.H.","contributorId":87300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McColloch","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030509,"text":"70030509 - 2006 - Reproductive and early life stages pathology - Histopathology workshop report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-13T16:58:20","indexId":"70030509","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1123,"text":"Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive and early life stages pathology - Histopathology workshop report","docAbstract":"<p>Pathology occurring during reproduction and larval development represents an important part of the life cycle of fish, and the diseases that affect eggs and larvae often result in significant losses. However, mortality during this period is frequently ignored or poorly researched as the temptation is to replace the losses rather than investigate the causes. A histopathology workshop organised at the newly refurnished laboratory within the Danish Veterinary School was an opportunity to discuss the pathology of selected diseases associated with Reproductive and Early Life Stages Pathology. Several people also kindly provided reference slides.</p>","language":"English","issn":"01080288","usgsCitation":"Bruno, D., Nowak, B., and Elliott, D.G., 2006, Reproductive and early life stages pathology - Histopathology workshop report: Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, v. 26, no. 1, p. 55-56.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319855,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://eafp.org/bulletin-archive/"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8b5e4b0c8380cd85a32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruno, D.W.","contributorId":44319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruno","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowak, B.","contributorId":84948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030358,"text":"70030358 - 2006 - Kaolin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T14:21:15","indexId":"70030358","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kaolin","docAbstract":"In 2005, 22 companies mined kaolin in nine US states. Production in Georgia declined to 6.19 Mt down from 6.78 Mt in 2004. Despite the decline, Georgia remained the leading producer state followed by Alabama, South Carolina, Arkansas, Texas, Nevada, California, North Carolina and Florida. In the next year or two, domestic and export sales of kaolin for paper application are not expected to change significantly.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","issn":"00265187","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2006, Kaolin: Mining Engineering, v. 58, no. 6, p. 40-41.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a405be4b0c8380cd64cc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.L.","contributorId":39357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70031118,"text":"70031118 - 2006 - A cool eastern Pacific Ocean at the close of the Last Interglacial complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70031118","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A cool eastern Pacific Ocean at the close of the Last Interglacial complex","docAbstract":"New high-precision thermal ionization mass-spectrometric (TIMS) U-series ages of solitary corals (Balanophyllia elegans) from several marine terrace localities along the California and southern Oregon coasts date to the ???80,000 yr BP high stand of sea, correlative with marine isotope substage 5a, late in the last interglacial complex. Ages of multiple corals from localities north of Point An??o Nuevo (central California) and San Nicolas Island (southern California) suggest that this high sea stand could have lasted at least 8000 yr, from ???84,000 to ???76,000 yr BP. These ages overlap with those from marine deposits on tectonically stable Bermuda and tectonically emergent Barbados. Higher-elevation terraces at two California localities, in the Palos Verdes Hills and on San Nicolas Island, have corals with ages that range mostly from ???121,000 to ???116,000 yr BP, correlative with marine isotope substage 5e. These ages are similar to those reported for other terraces in southern California but are younger than some ages reported from Hawaii, Barbados and the Bahamas. Marine terrace faunas are excellent proxies for nearshore marine paleotemperatures during past high sea stands. Terraces on the Palos Verdes Hills and San Nicolas Island dated to the ???120,000 yr BP high sea stand have dominantly zoogeographically \"neutral\" species in exposed coastal localities, indicating nearshore waters similar to those of today. In contrast, ???80,000 yr BP, exposed coastal localities typically have molluscan faunas characterized by numerous extralimital northern species and a lack of extralimital southern species. These fossil assemblages are indicative of nearshore water temperatures that were cooler than modern temperatures at ???80,000 yr BP. Waters at least as warm as today's at ???120,000 yr BP and cooler than present at ???80,000 yr BP are in excellent agreement with marine alkenone records and coastal vegetation records derived from pollen data, from both southern and northern California. Decreased insolation or increased upwelling seem inadequate to explain the cool waters off the Pacific Coast from southern Oregon to southern California at ???80,000 yr BP. We propose that a stronger California Current (or at least one with a greater component of subarctic waters) may explain cooler-than-modern coastal waters during the ???80,000 yr BP high sea stand. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.03.014","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Simmons, K.R., Kennedy, G.L., Ludwig, K., and Groves, L., 2006, A cool eastern Pacific Ocean at the close of the Last Interglacial complex, <i>in</i> Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 25, no. 3-4, p. 235-262, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.03.014.","startPage":"235","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211675,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.03.014"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e39be4b0c8380cd46119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, K. R.","contributorId":68771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, G. L.","contributorId":23944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ludwig, K.R.","contributorId":97112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludwig","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Groves, L.T.","contributorId":46306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groves","given":"L.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030257,"text":"70030257 - 2006 - Industrial diamond","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030257","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Industrial diamond","docAbstract":"In 2005, estimated world production of natural and synthetic industrial diamond was 630 million carats. Natural industrial diamond deposits were found in more than 35 countries. Synthetic industrial diamond is produced in at least 15 countries. More than 81% of the combined natural and synthetic global output was produced in Ireland, Japan, Russia, South Africa and the United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00265187","usgsCitation":"Olson, D., 2006, Industrial diamond: Mining Engineering, v. 58, no. 6, p. 36-37.","startPage":"36","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ab7e4b0c8380cd61ee8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, D.W.","contributorId":82369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70030695,"text":"70030695 - 2006 - Acoustic stratigraphy of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: late Quaternary sedimentation patterns in a simple half-graben","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-16T09:00:24","indexId":"70030695","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acoustic stratigraphy of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: late Quaternary sedimentation patterns in a simple half-graben","docAbstract":"<p>A 277-km network of high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, supplemented with a sidescan-sonar mosaic of the lake floor, was collected in Bear Lake, Utah–Idaho, in order to explore the sedimentary framework of the lake's paleoclimate record. The acoustic stratigraphy is tied to a 120 m deep, continuously cored drill hole in the lake. Based on the age model for the drill core, the oldest continuously mapped acoustic reflector in the data set has an age of about 100 ka, although older sediments were locally imaged.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The acoustic stratigraphy of the sediments below the lake indicates that the basin developed primarily as a simple half-graben, with a steep normal-fault margin on the east and a flexural margin on the west. As expected for a basin controlled by a listric master fault, seismic reflections steepen and diverge toward the fault, bounding eastward-thickening sediment wedges. Secondary normal faults west of the master fault were imaged beneath the lake and many of these faults show progressively increasing offset with depth and age. Several faults cut the youngest sediments in the lake as well as the modern lake floor. The relative simplicity of the sedimentary sequence is interrupted in the northwestern part of the basin by a unit that is interpreted as a large (4 × 10 km) paleodelta of the Bear River. The delta overlies a horizon with an age of about 97 ka, outcrops at the lake floor and is onlapped by much of the uppermost sequence of lake sediments. A feature interpreted as a wave-cut bench occurs in many places on the western side of the lake. The base of this bench occurs at a depth (22–24 m) similar to that (20–25 m) of the distal surface of the paleodelta.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Pinch-outs of sedimentary units are common in relatively shallow water on the gentle western margin of the basin and little Holocene sediment has accumulated in water depths of less than 30 m. On the steep eastern margin of the basin, sediments commonly onlap the hanging wall of the East Bear Lake Fault. However, no major erosional or depositional features suggestive of shoreline processes were observed on acoustic profiles in water deeper than about 20–25 m.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.022","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., 2006, Acoustic stratigraphy of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: late Quaternary sedimentation patterns in a simple half-graben: Sedimentary Geology, v. 185, no. 1-2, p. 113-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.022.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211764,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.022"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bear Lake","volume":"185","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6a0e4b0c8380cd47545","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":428242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70030654,"text":"70030654 - 2006 - Summer food habits and trophic overlap of roundtail chub and creek chub in Muddy Creek, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70030654","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer food habits and trophic overlap of roundtail chub and creek chub in Muddy Creek, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Native fishes of the Upper Colorado River Basin have experienced substantial declines in abundance and distribution, and are extirpated from most of Wyoming. Muddy Creek, in south-central Wyoming (Little Snake River watershed), contains sympatric populations of native roundtail chub (Gila robusta), bluehead sucker, (Catostomus discobolus), and flannelmouth sucker (C. tatipinnis), and represents an area of high conservation concern because it is the only area known to have sympatric populations of all 3 species in Wyoming. However, introduced creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) are abundant and might have a negative influence on native fishes. We assessed summer food habits of roundtail chub and creek chub to provide information on the ecology of each species and obtain insight on potential trophic overlap. Roundtail chub and creek chub seemed to be opportunistic generalists that consumed a diverse array of food items. Stomach contents of both species were dominated by plant material, aquatic and terrestrial insects, and Fishes, but also included gastropods and mussels. Stomach contents were similar between species, indicating high trophic, overlap. No length-related patterns in diet were observed for either species. These results suggest that creek chubs have the potential to adversely influence the roundtail chub population through competition for food and the native fish assemblage through predation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909(2006)51[22:SFHATO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Quist, M., Bower, M., and Hubert, W., 2006, Summer food habits and trophic overlap of roundtail chub and creek chub in Muddy Creek, Wyoming: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 51, no. 1, p. 22-27, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2006)51[22:SFHATO]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"22","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211732,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2006)51[22:SFHATO]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":239079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f39e4b08c986b31e405","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quist, M.C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":62805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bower, M.R.","contributorId":14094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bower","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030511,"text":"70030511 - 2006 - Deep magma transport at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-22T20:38:10","indexId":"70030511","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2588,"text":"LITHOS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep magma transport at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The shallow part of Kilauea's magma system is conceptually well-understood. Long-period and short-period (brittle-failure) earthquake swarms outline a near-vertical magma transport path beneath Kilauea's summit to 20 km depth. A gravity high centered above the magma transport path demonstrates that Kilauea's shallow magma system, established early in the volcano's history, has remained fixed in place. Low seismicity at 4-7 km outlines a storage region from which magma is supplied for eruptions and intrusions. Brittle-failure earthquake swarms shallower than 5 km beneath the rift zones accompany dike emplacement. Sparse earthquakes extend to a decollement at 10-12 km along which the south flank of Kilauea is sliding seaward. This zone below 5 km can sustain aseismic magma transport, consistent with recent tomographic studies. Long-period earthquake clusters deeper than 40 km occur parallel to and offshore of Kilauea's south coast, defining the deepest seismic response to magma transport from the Hawaiian hot spot. A path connecting the shallow and deep long-period earthquakes is defined by mainshock-aftershock locations of brittle-failure earthquakes unique to Kilauea whose hypocenters are deeper than 25 km with magnitudes from 4.4 to 5.2. Separation of deep and shallow long-period clusters occurs as the shallow plumbing moves with the volcanic edifice, while the deep plumbing is centered over the hotspot. Recent GPS data agrees with the volcano-propagation vector from Kauai to Maui, suggesting that Pacific plate motion, azimuth 293.5?? and rate of 7.4 cm/yr, has been constant over Kilauea's lifetime. However, volcano propagation on the island of Hawaii, azimuth 325??, rate 13 cm/yr, requires southwesterly migration of the locus of melting within the broad hotspot. Deep, long-period earthquakes lie west of the extrapolated position of Kilauea backward in time along a plate-motion vector, requiring southwesterly migration of Kilauea's magma source. Assumed ages of 0.4 my for Kilauea and 0.8 my for Mauna Loa are consistent with this model. Younger ages would apply if Kilauea began its growth south of the locus of maximum melting, as is true for Loihi seamount. We conclude that Kilauea is fed from below the eastern end of the zone of deep long-period earthquakes. Magma transport is vertical below 30 km, then sub-horizontal, following the oceanic mantle boundary separating plagioclase- and spinel-peridotite, then near-vertical beneath Kilauea's summit. The migration of the melting region within the hotspot and Kilauea's sampling of different sources within the melting region can explain (1) the long-term geochemical separation of Kilauea from neighboring volcanoes Mauna Loa and Loihi, and (2) the short-term changes in trace-element and isotope signatures within Kilauea. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rigths reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"LITHOS","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.lithos.2005.05.004","issn":"00244937","usgsCitation":"Wright, T.L., and Klein, F.W., 2006, Deep magma transport at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii: LITHOS, v. 87, no. 1-2, p. 50-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2005.05.004.","startPage":"50","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211725,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2005.05.004"},{"id":239070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe26e4b0c8380cd4eb52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, T. L.","contributorId":11188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klein, F. W.","contributorId":88371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030277,"text":"70030277 - 2006 - Estimation of temporary emigration in male toads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-14T14:39:10","indexId":"70030277","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of temporary emigration in male toads","docAbstract":"<p>Male boreal toads (Bufo boreas) are thought to return to the breeding site every year but, if absent in a particular year, will be more likely to return the following year. Using Pollock's robust design we estimated temporary emigration (the probability a male toad is absent from a breeding site in a given year) at three locations in Colorado, USA: two in Rocky Mountain National Park and one in Chaffee County. We present data that suggest that not all male toads return to the breeding site every year. Our analyses indicate that temporary emigration varies by site and time (for example, from 1992 to 1998, the probability of temporary emigration ranged from 10% to 29% and from 3% to 95% at Lost Lake and Kettle Tarn, respectively). Although the results provide weak evidence that males are more likely to return after a year's hiatus, a general pattern of state-dependent temporary emigration was not supported. We also hypothesized relationships between temporary emigration and a number of weather variables. While some competitive models included weather covariates, imprecise and variable estimates of the effects of these covariates precluded fully defining their impact on temporary emigration. ?? 2006 by the Ecological Society of America.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1048:EOTEIM]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Muths, E., Scherer, R.D., Corn, P., and Lambert, B., 2006, Estimation of temporary emigration in male toads: Ecology, v. 87, no. 4, p. 1048-1056, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1048:EOTEIM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1048","endPage":"1056","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239195,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Chaffee County","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.05029296875,\n              37.03763967977139\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.05029296875,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.9970703125,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.9970703125,\n              37.03763967977139\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.05029296875,\n              37.03763967977139\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"87","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bb4e4b0c8380cd52833","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, E.","contributorId":6394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scherer, R. D.","contributorId":8061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scherer","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":426439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corn, P.S.","contributorId":63751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"P.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lambert, B.A.","contributorId":58378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030388,"text":"70030388 - 2006 - Surface waves in the western Taiwan coastal plain from an aftershock of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030388","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface waves in the western Taiwan coastal plain from an aftershock of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake","docAbstract":"Significant surface waves were recorded in the western coastal plain (WCP) of Taiwan during the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake and its series of aftershocks. We study in detail the surface waves produced by one aftershock (20 September 1999, 18hr 03m 41.16sec, M 6.2) in this paper. We take the Chelungpu-Chukou fault to be the eastern edge of the WCP because it marks a distinct lateral contrast in seismic wave velocities in the upper few kilometers of the surface. For many records from stations within the WCP, body waves and surface waves separate well in both the time domain and the period domain. Long-period (e.g., >2 sec) ground motions in the plain are dominated by surface waves. Significant prograde Rayleigh wave particle motions were observed in the WCP. The observed peak ground velocities are about 3-5 times larger than standard predictions in the central and western part of the plain. Observed response spectra at 3 sec, 4 sec, and 5 sec at the center of the plain can be 15 times larger than standard predictions and 10 times larger than the predictions of Joyner (2000) based on surface wave data from the Los Angeles basin. The strong surface waves were probably generated at the boundary of the WCP and then propagated toward the west, largely along radial directions relative to the epicenter. The geometry of the boundary may have had a slight effect on propagation directions of surface waves. Group velocities of fundamental mode Rayleigh and Love waves are estimated using the multiple filter analysis (MFA) technique and are refined with phase matched filtering (PMF). Group velocities of fundamental mode surface waves range from about 0.7 km/sec to 1.5 km/sec for the phases at periods from 3 sec to 10 sec. One important observation from this study is that the strongest surface waves were recorded in the center of the plain. The specific location of the strongest motions depends largely on the period of surface waves rather than on specific site conditions or plain structures. Accordingly, we conjecture that surface waves could be generated in a wide area close to boundaries of low-velocity sedimentary wave guides. In the case studied in this article the area can be as wide as 30 km (from the Chelungpu fault to the center of the plain). Surface waves converted by P and S waves at different locations would overlap each other and add constructively along their propagation paths. As a result, the surface waves would get stronger and stronger. Beyond a certain distance to the boundary, no more surface waves would be generated. Consequently, no more local surface waves would be superimposed into the invasive surface waves, and the surface waves would tend to decay in amplitude with distance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050088","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Wang, G., Tang, G., Boore, D., Van Ness, B.G., Jackson, C., Zhou, X., and Lin, Q., 2006, Surface waves in the western Taiwan coastal plain from an aftershock of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 3, p. 821-845, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050088.","startPage":"821","endPage":"845","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211952,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050088"},{"id":239340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba167e4b08c986b31f073","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, G.-Q.","contributorId":80046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"G.-Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tang, G.-Q.","contributorId":54405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"G.-Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boore, D.M. 0000-0002-8605-9673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":64226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Ness, Burbach G. G.","contributorId":41650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Ness","given":"Burbach","suffix":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jackson, C.R.","contributorId":16136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhou, X.-Y.","contributorId":83712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"X.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lin, Q.-L.","contributorId":17042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Q.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70030679,"text":"70030679 - 2006 - Perchlorate in pleistocene and holocene groundwater in North-Central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T07:33:39","indexId":"70030679","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perchlorate in pleistocene and holocene groundwater in North-Central New Mexico","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Groundwater from remote parts of the Middle Rio Grande Basin in north-central New Mexico has perchlorate (ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>) concentrations of 0.12−1.8 μg/L. Because the water samples are mostly preanthropogenic in age (0−28 000 years) and there are no industrial sources in the study area, a natural source of the ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>is likely. Most of the samples have Br<sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations that are similar to those of modern bulk atmospheric deposition with evapotranspiration (ET) factors of about 7−40. Most of the ET values for Pleistocene recharge were nearly twice that for Holocene recharge. The NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios are more variable than those of Br<sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>or SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup>. Samples thought to have recharged under the most arid conditions in the Holocene have relatively high NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios and low δ<sup>15</sup>N values (+1 per mil (‰)) similar to those of modern bulk atmospheric N deposition. The δ<sup>18</sup>O values of the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(−4 to 0 ‰) indicate that atmospheric NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>was not transmitted directly to the groundwater but may have been cycled in the soils before infiltrating. Samples with nearly atmospheric NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios have relatively high ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>concentrations (1.0−1.8 μg/L) with a nearly constant ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>mole ratio of (1.4 ± 0.1) × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>4</sup>, which would be consistent with an average ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration of 0.093 ± 0.005 μg/L in bulk atmospheric deposition during the late Holocene in north-central NM. Samples thought to have recharged under wetter conditions have higher δ<sup>15</sup>N values (+3 to +8 ‰), lower NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios, and lower ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios than the ones most likely to preserve an atmospheric signal. Processes in the soils that may have depleted atmospherically derived NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>also may have depleted ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to varying degrees prior to recharge. If these interpretations are correct, then ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations of atmospheric origin as high as 4 μg/L are possible in preanthropogenic groundwater in parts of the Southwest where ET approaches a factor of 40. Higher ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations in uncontaminated groundwater could occur in recharge beneath arid areas where ET is greater than 40, where long-term accumulations of atmospheric salts are leached suddenly from dry soils, or where other (nonatmospheric) natural sources of ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>exist.</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es051739h","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Plummer, N., Böhlke, J., and Doughten, M., 2006, Perchlorate in pleistocene and holocene groundwater in North-Central New Mexico: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 6, p. 1757-1763, https://doi.org/10.1021/es051739h.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1757","endPage":"1763","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212055,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es051739h"}],"volume":"40","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7672e4b0c8380cd78103","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doughten, M. W.","contributorId":101648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughten","given":"M. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028624,"text":"70028624 - 2006 - Habitat associations of chorusing anurans in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-16T11:14:51","indexId":"70028624","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat associations of chorusing anurans in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial valley","docAbstract":"<p><span>Amphibian populations have declined worldwide. To pursue conservation efforts adequately, land managers need more information concerning amphibian habitat requirements. To address this need, we examined relationships between anurans and habitat characteristics of wetlands in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley (LMAV). We surveyed chorusing anurans in 31 wetlands in 2000 and 28 wetlands in 2001, and measured microhabitat variables along the shoreline within the week following each survey. We recorded 12 species of anurans during our study. Species richness was significantly lower in 2000 than 2001 (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">t</i><span>-test,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; 0.001) and correlated with an ongoing drought. We found species richness to be significantly greater at lake sites compared to impoundment, swale, and riverine sites (ANOVA,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.002). We used stepwise regression to investigate the wetland types and microhabitat characteristics associated with species richness of chorusing anurans. Microhabitat characteristics associated with species richness included dense herbaceous vegetation and accumulated litter along the shoreline. Individual species showed species-specific habitat associations. The bronze frog, American bullfrog, and northern cricket frog were positively associated with lake sites (Fisher’s Exact Test,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; 0.05), however wetland type did not significantly influence any additional species. Using bivariate correlations, we found that six of the seven most common species had significant associations with microhabitat variables. Overall, our findings support the view that conservation and enhancement of amphibian communities in the LMAV and elsewhere requires a matrix of diverse wetland types and habitat conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2006)26[736:HAOCAI]2.0.CO;2","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Lichtenberg, J., King, S., Grace, J., and Walls, S., 2006, Habitat associations of chorusing anurans in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial valley: Wetlands, v. 26, no. 3, p. 736-744, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2006)26[736:HAOCAI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"736","endPage":"744","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209601,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":98273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70179513,"text":"70179513 - 2006 - Behavior and passage of juvenile salmonids during evaluation of a new fish screen at Cowlitz Falls Dam, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T11:01:13","indexId":"70179513","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Behavior and passage of juvenile salmonids during evaluation of a new fish screen at Cowlitz Falls Dam, 2006","docAbstract":"<p><span>In spring of 2006, Tacoma Power installed a new fish screen at the Cowlitz Falls Project (CFP) with the purpose of improving the collection of anadromous juvenile fish for downstream transport. The new fish screen was placed between the upstream baffle panels and the fish gates and flume system that lead to the Cowlitz Falls Fish Facility. We initiated a radio telemetry evaluation of the screen using juvenile coho (</span><i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i><span>), steelhead (</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>), and spring Chinook salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>). These evaluations were intended to provide guidance to direct efforts to further improve juvenile fish collection. Based on study findings in 2006, and 2007 the screen will be modified and evaluated again in 2008.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Tacoma Power","usgsCitation":"Kock, T., Kritter, M., Liedtke, T., and Rondorf, D., 2006, Behavior and passage of juvenile salmonids during evaluation of a new fish screen at Cowlitz Falls Dam, 2006.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cowlitz Falls","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.04711914062499,\n              46.50524553517963\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0962142944336,\n              46.48917442111501\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.12265014648438,\n              46.477117968460334\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.13535308837889,\n              46.4662412291809\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.13329315185545,\n              46.45891002666903\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.12127685546875,\n              46.45891002666903\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06668853759766,\n              46.46198452210705\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.01793670654297,\n              46.44684686803493\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.02480316162108,\n              46.50477292314974\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.04711914062499,\n              46.50524553517963\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586e1837e4b0f5ce109fcb43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kock, T.J.","contributorId":39578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kritter, M.A","contributorId":177850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kritter","given":"M.A","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liedtke, T.L.","contributorId":32800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028623,"text":"70028623 - 2006 - Oil resources - Estimates and uncertainties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028623","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Oil resources - Estimates and uncertainties","docAbstract":"Oil reserves are reasonably well known, but they are not a reliable indicator of longterm supply. Future oil availability will depend upon reserve additions, which are highly uncertain. New reserves will come from three sources: 1) new field discoveries, 2) growth of reserves in existing fields, and 3) development of unconventional resources. U.S. Geological Survey estimates of global undiscovered conventional oil have a mean value of about 650 billion barrels, but the estimates range from a few hundred billion barrels to 1100 billion and more if the possibility of successful exploration in remote, untested basins is included. Reserve growth in existing fields, which has added more than 250 billion barrels to reserves in the last two decades, is equally uncertain; global estimates of future growth range from tens of billions to 1000 billion barrels or more. Unconventional resources, particularly heavy oil and tar, may also add many hundreds of billions of barrels to reserves, but at unknown rates and costs. Thus estimated future additions to oil reserves range over an order of magnitude, from a few hundred to a few thousand billion barrels. Given the importance of oil to human activity, planners might want to retain the flexibility to adapt to a range of possible scenarios of future oil supply.","largerWorkTitle":"Society of Petroleum Engineers, 68th European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition, incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2006, EAGE 2006: Opportunities in Mature Areas","conferenceTitle":"Society of Petroleum Engineers, 68th European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition, incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2006, EAGE 2006: Opportunities in Mature Areas","conferenceDate":"12 June 2006 through 15 June 2006","conferenceLocation":"Vienna","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gautier, D.L., 2006, Oil resources - Estimates and uncertainties, <i>in</i> Society of Petroleum Engineers, 68th European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition, incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2006, EAGE 2006: Opportunities in Mature Areas, v. 3, Vienna, 12 June 2006 through 15 June 2006.","startPage":"1448","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6cf7e4b0c8380cd74ec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gautier, D. L.","contributorId":69996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gautier","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028554,"text":"70028554 - 2006 - Testing the concept of drift shadow at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028554","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Testing the concept of drift shadow at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"If proven, the concept of drift shadow, a zone of reduced water content and slower ground-water travel time beneath openings in fractured rock of the unsaturated zone, may increase performance of a proposed geologic repository for high-level radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain, To test this concept under natural-flow conditions present in the proposed repository horizon, isotopes within the uranium-series decay chain (uranium-238, uranium-234, and thorium-230, or 238U-234U-230Th) have been analyzed in samples of rock from beneath four naturally occurring lithophysal cavities. All rock samples show 234U depletion relative to parent 238U indicating varying degrees of water-rock interaction over the past million years. Variations in 234U/238U activity ratios indicate that depletion of 234U relative to 238U can be either smaller or greater in rock beneath cavity floors relative to rock near cavity margins. These results are consistent with the concept of drift shadow and with numerical simulations of meter-scale spherical cavities in fractured tuff. Differences in distribution patterns of 234U/ 238U activity ratios in rock beneath the cavity floors are interpreted to reflect differences in the amount of past seepage into lithophysal cavities, as indicated by the abundance of secondary mineral deposits present on the cavity floors.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM","conferenceTitle":"11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","conferenceDate":"30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0894486918; 9780894486913","usgsCitation":"Paces, J., Neymark, L., Ghezzehei, T., and Dobson, P., 2006, Testing the concept of drift shadow at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM, v. 2006, Las Vegas, NV, 30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006, p. 278-285.","startPage":"278","endPage":"285","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2006","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba5d2e4b08c986b320cdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paces, J.B. 0000-0002-9809-8493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":27482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neymark, L.A. 0000-0003-4190-0278","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":56673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ghezzehei, T.","contributorId":86160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghezzehei","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dobson, P.F.","contributorId":68466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028635,"text":"70028635 - 2006 - Importance of spatial autocorrelation in modeling bird distributions at a continental scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028635","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of spatial autocorrelation in modeling bird distributions at a continental scale","docAbstract":"Spatial autocorrelation in species' distributions has been recognized as inflating the probability of a type I error in hypotheses tests, causing biases in variable selection, and violating the assumption of independence of error terms in models such as correlation or regression. However, it remains unclear whether these problems occur at all spatial resolutions and extents, and under which conditions spatially explicit modeling techniques are superior. Our goal was to determine whether spatial models were superior at large extents and across many different species. In addition, we investigated the importance of purely spatial effects in distribution patterns relative to the variation that could be explained through environmental conditions. We studied distribution patterns of 108 bird species in the conterminous United States using ten years of data from the Breeding Bird Survey. We compared the performance of spatially explicit regression models with non-spatial regression models using Akaike's information criterion. In addition, we partitioned the variance in species distributions into an environmental, a pure spatial and a shared component. The spatially-explicit conditional autoregressive regression models strongly outperformed the ordinary least squares regression models. In addition, partialling out the spatial component underlying the species' distributions showed that an average of 17% of the explained variation could be attributed to purely spatial effects independent of the spatial autocorrelation induced by the underlying environmental variables. We concluded that location in the range and neighborhood play an important role in the distribution of species. Spatially explicit models are expected to yield better predictions especially for mobile species such as birds, even in coarse-grained models with a large extent. ?? Ecography.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.2006.0906-7590.04621.x","issn":"09067590","usgsCitation":"Bahn, V., O’Connor, R., and Krohn, W., 2006, Importance of spatial autocorrelation in modeling bird distributions at a continental scale: Ecography, v. 29, no. 6, p. 835-844, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2006.0906-7590.04621.x.","startPage":"835","endPage":"844","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209734,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2006.0906-7590.04621.x"},{"id":236431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3943e4b0c8380cd61876","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bahn, V.","contributorId":23741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahn","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connor, R.J.","contributorId":37861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krohn, W.B.","contributorId":64355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028633,"text":"70028633 - 2006 - The time of sands: Quartz-rich sand deposits as renewable resource","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70028633","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1489,"text":"Electronic Green Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The time of sands: Quartz-rich sand deposits as renewable resource","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Electronic Green Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10767975","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, N., 2006, The time of sands: Quartz-rich sand deposits as renewable resource: Electronic Green Journal, no. 24.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb100e4b08c986b3251b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaffer, N.R.","contributorId":87683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028592,"text":"70028592 - 2006 - Influence of layer charge and charge distribution of smectites on the flow behaviour and swelling of bentonites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028592","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":828,"text":"Applied Clay Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of layer charge and charge distribution of smectites on the flow behaviour and swelling of bentonites","docAbstract":"The influence of layer charge and charge distribution of dioctahedral smectites on the rheological and swelling properties of bentonites is examined. Layer charge and charge distribution were determined by XRD using the LayerCharge program [Christidis, G.E., Eberl, D.D., 2003. Determination of layer charge characteristics of smectites. Clays Clay Miner. 51, 644-655.]. The rheological properties were determined, after sodium exchange using the optimum amount of Na2CO3, from free swelling tests. Rheological properties were determined using 6.42% suspensions according to industrial practice. In smectites with layer charges of - 0.425 to - 0.470 per half formula unit (phfu), layer charge is inversely correlated with free swelling, viscosity, gel strength, yield strength and thixotropic behaviour. In these smectites, the rheological properties are directly associated with the proportion of low charge layers. By contrast, in low charge and high charge smectites there is no systematic relation between layer charge or the proportion of low charge layers and rheological properties. However, low charge smectites yield more viscous suspensions and swell more than high charge smectites. The rheological properties of bentonites also are affected by the proportion of tetrahedral charge (i.e. beidellitic charge), by the existence of fine-grained minerals having clay size, such as opal-CT and to a lesser degree by the ionic strength and the pH of the suspension. A new method for classification of smectites according to the layer charge based on the XRD characteristics of smecites is proposed, that also is consistent with variations in rheological properties. In this classification scheme the term smectites with intermediate layer charge is proposed. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Clay Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2006.05.008","issn":"01691317","usgsCitation":"Christidis, G., Blum, A., and Eberl, D.D., 2006, Influence of layer charge and charge distribution of smectites on the flow behaviour and swelling of bentonites: Applied Clay Science, v. 34, no. 1-4, p. 125-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2006.05.008.","startPage":"125","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209689,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2006.05.008"},{"id":236363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b4ce4b0c8380cd623e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christidis, G.E.","contributorId":48366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christidis","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blum, A.E.","contributorId":100514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028421,"text":"70028421 - 2006 - The influence of geology and land use on arsenic in stream sediments and ground waters in New England, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028421","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of geology and land use on arsenic in stream sediments and ground waters in New England, USA","docAbstract":"Population statistics for As concentrations in rocks, sediments and ground water differ by geology and land use features in the New England region, USA. Significant sources of As in the surficial environment include both natural weathering of rocks and anthropogenic sources such as arsenical pesticides that were commonly applied to apple, blueberry and potato crops during the first half of the 20th century in the region. The variation of As in bedrock ground water wells has a strong positive correlation with geologic features at the geologic province, lithology group, and bedrock map unit levels. The variation of As in bedrock ground water wells also has a positive correlation with elevated stream sediment and rock As chemistry. Elevated As concentrations in bedrock wells do not correlate with past agricultural areas that used arsenical pesticides on crops. Stream sediments, which integrate both natural and anthropogenic sources, have a strong positive correlation of As concentrations with rock chemistry, geologic provinces and ground water chemistry, and a weaker positive correlation with past agricultural land use. Although correlation is not sufficient to demonstrate cause-and-effect, the statistics favor rock-based As as the dominant regional source of the element in stream sediments and ground water in New England. The distribution of bedrock geology features at the geologic province, lithology group and map unit level closely correlate with areas of elevated As in ground water, stream sediments, and rocks. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.05.004","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Robinson, G., and Ayotte, J., 2006, The influence of geology and land use on arsenic in stream sediments and ground waters in New England, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 21, no. 9, p. 1482-1497, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.05.004.","startPage":"1482","endPage":"1497","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236895,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210081,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.05.004"}],"volume":"21","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad24e4b08c986b3239e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, G.R. Jr. 0000-0002-9676-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-9564","contributorId":6444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"G.R.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayotte, J. D.","contributorId":96667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}